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</style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.77, Mar 28 2017</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.svg" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0" style="width: 266px;height: 83px;"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL/TLS</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptors-howto.html">16) MBeans Descriptors</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="websocketapi/index.html">WebSocket 1.1 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Default Servlet Reference</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<ul><li><a href="#what">What is the DefaultServlet</a></li><li><a href="#where">Where is it declared?</a></li><li><a href="#change">What can I change?</a></li><li><a href="#dir">How do I customize directory listings?</a></li><li><a href="#secure">How do I secure directory listings?</a></li></ul>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="what"><strong>What is the DefaultServlet</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
The default servlet is the servlet which serves static resources as well
as serves the directory listings (if directory listings are enabled).
</p>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="where"><strong>Where is it declared?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
It is declared globally in <i>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</i>.
By default here is it's declaration:
</p>
<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>    &lt;servlet&gt;
        &lt;servlet-name&gt;default&lt;/servlet-name&gt;
        &lt;servlet-class&gt;
          org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet
        &lt;/servlet-class&gt;
        &lt;init-param&gt;
            &lt;param-name&gt;debug&lt;/param-name&gt;
            &lt;param-value&gt;0&lt;/param-value&gt;
        &lt;/init-param&gt;
        &lt;init-param&gt;
            &lt;param-name&gt;listings&lt;/param-name&gt;
            &lt;param-value&gt;false&lt;/param-value&gt;
        &lt;/init-param&gt;
        &lt;load-on-startup&gt;1&lt;/load-on-startup&gt;
    &lt;/servlet&gt;

...

    &lt;servlet-mapping&gt;
        &lt;servlet-name&gt;default&lt;/servlet-name&gt;
        &lt;url-pattern&gt;/&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
    &lt;/servlet-mapping&gt;</code></pre></div>

So by default, the default servlet is loaded at webapp startup and
directory listings are disabled and debugging is turned off.
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="change"><strong>What can I change?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
  The DefaultServlet allows the following initParamters:
</p>

<table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">debug</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        Debugging level. It is not very useful unless you are a tomcat
        developer. As
        of this writing, useful values are 0, 1, 11, 1000. [0]
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">listings</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        If no welcome file is present, can a directory listing be
        shown?
        value may be <b>true</b> or <b>false</b> [false]
        <br>
        Welcome files are part of the servlet api.
        <br>
        <b>WARNING:</b> Listings of directories containing many entries are
        expensive. Multiple requests for large directory listings can consume
        significant proportions of server resources.
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">readmeFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        If a directory listing is presented, a readme file may also
        be presented with the listing. This file is inserted as is
        so it may contain HTML.
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">globalXsltFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        If you wish to customize your directory listing, you
        can use an XSL transformation. This value is a relative file name (to
        either $CATALINA_BASE/conf/ or $CATALINA_HOME/conf/) which will be used
        for all directory listings. This can be overridden per context and/or
        per directory. See <strong>contextXsltFile</strong> and
        <strong>localXsltFile</strong> below. The format of the xml is shown
        below.
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">contextXsltFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        You may also customize your directory listing by context by
        configuring <code>contextXsltFile</code>. This must be a context
        relative path (e.g.: <code>/path/to/context.xslt</code>) to a file with
        a <code>.xsl</code> or <code>.xslt</code> extension. This overrides
        <code>globalXsltFile</code>. If this value is present but a file does
        not exist, then <code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
        <code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
        directory listing will be shown.
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">localXsltFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        You may also customize your directory listing by directory by
        configuring <code>localXsltFile</code>. This must be a file in the
        directory where the listing will take place to with a
        <code>.xsl</code> or <code>.xslt</code> extension. This overrides
        <code>globalXsltFile</code> and <code>contextXsltFile</code>. If this
        value is present but a file does not exist, then
        <code>contextXsltFile</code> will be used. If
        <code>contextXsltFile</code> does not exist, then
        <code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
        <code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
        directory listing will be shown.
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">input</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        Input buffer size (in bytes) when reading
        resources to be served.  [2048]
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">output</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        Output buffer size (in bytes) when writing
        resources to be served.  [2048]
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">readonly</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        Is this context "read only", so HTTP commands like PUT and
        DELETE are rejected?  [true]
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">fileEncoding</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        File encoding to be used when reading static resources.
        [platform default]
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">sendfileSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        If the connector used supports sendfile, this represents the minimal
        file size in KB for which sendfile will be used. Use a negative value
        to always disable sendfile. [48]
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">useAcceptRanges</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        If true, the Accept-Ranges header will be set when appropriate for the
        response. [true]
  </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">showServerInfo</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
        Should server information be presented in the response sent to clients
        when directory listing is enabled. [true]
  </td></tr></table>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="dir"><strong>How do I customize directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>You can override DefaultServlet with you own implementation and use that
in your web.xml declaration. If you
can understand what was just said, we will assume you can read the code
to DefaultServlet servlet and make the appropriate adjustments. (If not,
then that method isn't for you)
</p>
<p>
You can use either  <code>localXsltFile</code> or
<code>globalXsltFile</code> and DefaultServlet will create
an xml document and run it through an xsl transformation based
on the values provided in <code>localXsltFile</code> and
<code>globalXsltFile</code>. <code>localXsltFile</code> is first
checked, followed by <code>globalXsltFile</code>, then default
behaviors takes place.
</p>

<p>
Format:
</p>
<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>    &lt;listing&gt;
     &lt;entries&gt;
      &lt;entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'&gt;
        fileName1
      &lt;/entry&gt;
      &lt;entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'&gt;
        fileName2
      &lt;/entry&gt;
      ...
     &lt;/entries&gt;
     &lt;readme&gt;&lt;/readme&gt;
    &lt;/listing&gt;</code></pre></div>
<ul>
  <li>size will be missing if <code>type='dir'</code></li>
  <li>Readme is a CDATA entry</li>
</ul>

<p>
  The following is a sample xsl file which mimics the default tomcat behavior:
</p>
<div class="codeBox"><pre><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;

&lt;xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  version="3.0"&gt;

  &lt;xsl:output method="html" html-version="5.0"
    encoding="UTF-8" indent="no"
    doctype-system="about:legacy-compat"/&gt;

  &lt;xsl:template match="listing"&gt;
   &lt;html&gt;
    &lt;head&gt;
      &lt;title&gt;
        Sample Directory Listing For
        &lt;xsl:value-of select="@directory"/&gt;
      &lt;/title&gt;
      &lt;style&gt;
        h1 {color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
        h3 {color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
        body {font-family : sans-serif,Arial,Tahoma;
             color : black;background-color : white;}
        b {color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
        a {color : black;} HR{color : #0086b2;}
        table td { padding: 5px; }
      &lt;/style&gt;
    &lt;/head&gt;
    &lt;body&gt;
      &lt;h1&gt;Sample Directory Listing For
            &lt;xsl:value-of select="@directory"/&gt;
      &lt;/h1&gt;
      &lt;hr style="height: 1px;" /&gt;
      &lt;table style="width: 100%;"&gt;
        &lt;tr&gt;
          &lt;th style="text-align: left;"&gt;Filename&lt;/th&gt;
          &lt;th style="text-align: center;"&gt;Size&lt;/th&gt;
          &lt;th style="text-align: right;"&gt;Last Modified&lt;/th&gt;
        &lt;/tr&gt;
        &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="entries"/&gt;
        &lt;/table&gt;
      &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="readme"/&gt;
      &lt;hr style="height: 1px;" /&gt;
      &lt;h3&gt;Apache Tomcat/8.0&lt;/h3&gt;
    &lt;/body&gt;
   &lt;/html&gt;
  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;


  &lt;xsl:template match="entries"&gt;
    &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="entry"/&gt;
  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;

  &lt;xsl:template match="readme"&gt;
    &lt;hr style="height: 1px;" /&gt;
    &lt;pre&gt;&lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;

  &lt;xsl:template match="entry"&gt;
    &lt;tr&gt;
      &lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;
        &lt;xsl:variable name="urlPath" select="@urlPath"/&gt;
        &lt;a href="{$urlPath}"&gt;
          &lt;pre&gt;&lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
        &lt;/a&gt;
      &lt;/td&gt;
      &lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;
        &lt;pre&gt;&lt;xsl:value-of select="@size"/&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
      &lt;/td&gt;
      &lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;
        &lt;pre&gt;&lt;xsl:value-of select="@date"/&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
      &lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;

&lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt;</code></pre></div>

</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="secure"><strong>How do I secure directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
Use web.xml in each individual webapp. See the security section of the
Servlet specification.

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