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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide (6.0.39) - Development Processes</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 6.0</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 6.0.39, Jan 27 2014</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade="noshade" size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap="nowrap" class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Application Developer's Guide</h1><h2>Development Processes</h2><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Development_Processes">Development Processes</a><ol><li><a href="#One-Time_Setup_of_Ant_and_Tomcat_for_Development">One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development</a></li><li><a href="#Create_Project_Source_Code_Directory">Create Project Source Code Directory</a></li><li><a href="#Edit_Source_Code_and_Pages">Edit Source Code and Pages</a></li><li><a href="#Build_the_Web_Application">Build the Web Application</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Your_Web_Application">Test Your Web Application</a></li><li><a href="#Creating_a_Release">Creating a Release</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Development Processes"><!--()--></a><a name="Development_Processes"><strong>Development Processes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Although application development can take many forms, this manual proposes
+a fairly generic process for creating web applications using Tomcat. The
+following sections highlight the commands and tasks that you, as the developer
+of the code, will perform. The same basic approach works when you have
+multiple programmers involved, as long as you have an appropriate source code
+control system and internal team rules about who is working on what parts
+of the application at any given time.</p>
+
+<p>The task descriptions below assume that you will be using CVS for source
+code control, and that you have already configured access to the appropriate
+CVS repository. Instructions for doing this are beyond the scope of this
+manual. If you are using a different source code control environment, you
+will need to figure out the corresponding commands for your system.</p>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development"><!--()--></a><a name="One-Time_Setup_of_Ant_and_Tomcat_for_Development"><strong>One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In order to take advantage of the special Ant tasks that interact with the
+<em>Manager</em> web application, you need to perform the following tasks
+once (no matter how many web applications you plan to develop).</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Configure the Ant custom tasks</em>. The implementation code for the
+ Ant custom tasks is in a JAR file named
+ <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib/catalina-ant.jar</code>, which must be
+ copied in to the <code>lib</code> directory of your Ant installation.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Define one or more Tomcat users</em>. The <em>Manager</em> web
+ application runs under a security constraint that requires a user to be
+ logged in, and have the security role <code>manager</code> assigned to
+ him or her. How such users are defined depends on which Realm you have
+ configured in Tomcat's <code>conf/server.xml</code> file -- see the
+ <a href="../realm-howto.html">Realm Configuration HOW-TO</a> for more
+ information. You may define any number of users (with any username
+ and password that you like) with the <code>manager</code> role.
+ <br><br></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Create Project Source Code Directory"><!--()--></a><a name="Create_Project_Source_Code_Directory"><strong>Create Project Source Code Directory</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The first step is to create a new project source directory, and customize
+the <code>build.xml</code> and <code>build.properties</code> files you will
+be using. The directory structure is described in <a href="source.html">the
+previous section</a>, or you can use the
+<a href="sample/">sample application</a> as a starting point.</p>
+
+<p>Create your project source directory, and define it within your CVS
+repository. This might be done by a series of commands like this, where
+<code>{project}</code> is the name under which your project should be
+stored in the CVS repository, and {username} is your login username:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+mkdir myapp <-- Assumed "project source directory"
+cd myapp
+mkdir docs
+mkdir src
+mkdir web
+mkdir web/WEB-INF
+cvs import -m "Initial Project Creation" {project} \
+ {username} start
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Now, to verify that it was created correctly in CVS, we will perform a
+checkout of the new project:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd ..
+mv myapp myapp.bu
+cvs checkout {project}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Next, you will need to create and check in an initial version of the
+<code>build.xml</code> script to be used for development. For getting
+started quickly and easily, base your <code>build.xml</code> on the
+<a href="build.xml.txt">basic build.xml file</a>, included with this manual,
+or code it from scratch.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp
+emacs build.xml <-- if you want a real editor :-)
+cvs add build.xml
+cvs commit
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Until you perform the CVS commit, your changes are local to your own
+development directory. Committing makes those changes visible to other
+developers on your team that are sharing the same CVS repository.</p>
+
+<p>The next step is to customize the Ant <em>properties</em> that are
+named in the <code>build.xml</code> script. This is done by creating a
+file named <code>build.properties</code> in your project's top-level
+directory. The supported properties are listed in the comments inside
+the sample <code>build.xml</code> script. At a minimum, you will generally
+need to define the <code>catalina.home</code> property defining where
+Tomcat 6 is installed, and the manager application username and password.
+You might end up with something like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+# Context path to install this application on
+app.path=/hello
+
+# Tomcat 6 installation directory
+catalina.home=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0
+
+# Manager webapp username and password
+manager.username=myusername
+manager.password=mypassword
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>In general, you will <strong>not</strong> want to check the
+<code>build.properties</code> file in to the CVS repository, because it
+is unique to each developer's environment.</p>
+
+<p>Now, create the initial version of the web application deployment
+descriptor. You can base <code>web.xml</code> on the
+<a href="web.xml.txt">basic web.xml file</a>, or code it from scratch.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp/web/WEB-INF
+emacs web.xml
+cvs add web.xml
+cvs commit
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+Note that this is only an example web.xml file. The full definition
+of the deployment descriptor file is in the
+<a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet Specification.</a>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Edit Source Code and Pages"><!--()--></a><a name="Edit_Source_Code_and_Pages"><strong>Edit Source Code and Pages</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The edit/build/test tasks will generally be your most common activities
+during development and maintenance. The following general principles apply.
+As described in <a href="source.html">Source Organization</a>, newly created
+source files should be located in the appropriate subdirectory, under your
+project source directory.</p>
+
+<p>Whenever you wish to refresh your development directory to reflect the
+work performed by other developers, you will ask CVS to do it for you:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp
+cvs update -dP
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>To create a new file, go to the appropriate directory, create the file,
+and register it with CVS. When you are satisfied with it's contents (after
+building and testing is successful), commit the new file to the repository.
+For example, to create a new JSP page:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp/web <-- Ultimate destination is document root
+emacs mypage.jsp
+cvs add mypage.jsp
+... build and test the application ...
+cvs commit
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Java source code that is defined in packages must be organized in a
+directory hierarchy (under the <strong>src/</strong> subdirectory) that
+matches the package names. For example, a Java class named
+<code>com.mycompany.mypackage.MyClass.java</code> should be stored in file
+<code>src/com/mycompany/mypackage/MyClass.java</code>.
+Whenever you create a new subdirectory, don't forget to
+register it with CVS.</p>
+
+<p>To edit an existing source file, you will generally just start editing
+and testing, then commit the changed file when everything works. Although
+CVS can be configured to required you to "check out" or "lock" a file you
+are going to be modifying, this is generally not used.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Build the Web Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Build_the_Web_Application"><strong>Build the Web Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>When you are ready to compile the application, issue the following
+commands (generally, you will want a shell window open that is set to
+the project source directory, so that only the last command is needed):</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp <-- Normally leave a window open here
+ant
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>The Ant tool will be execute the default "compile" target in your
+<code>build.xml</code> file, which will compile any new or updated Java
+code. If this is the first time you compile after a "build clean",
+it will cause everything to be recompiled.</p>
+
+<p>To force the recompilation of your entire application, do this instead:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp
+ant all
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>This is a very good habit immediately before checking in changes, to
+make sure that you have not introduced any subtle problems that Javac's
+conditional checking did not catch.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Test Your Web Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Test_Your_Web_Application"><strong>Test Your Web Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>To test your application, you will want to install it under Tomcat. The
+quickest way to do that is to use the custom Ant tasks that are included in
+the sample <code>build.xml</code> script. Using these commands might follow
+a pattern like this:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Start Tomcat 6 if needed</em>. If Tomcat 6 is not already running,
+ you will need to start it in the usual way.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Compile your application</em>. Use the <code>ant compile</code>
+ command (or just <code>ant</code>, since this is the default). Make
+ sure that there are no compilation errors.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Install the application</em>. Use the <code>ant install</code>
+ command. This tells Tomcat to immediately start running your app on
+ the context path defined in the <code>app.path</code> build property.
+ Tomcat does <strong>NOT</strong> have to be restarted for this to
+ take effect.<br><br></li>
+<li><em>Test the application</em>. Using your browser or other testing
+ tools, test the functionality of your application.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Modify and rebuild as needed</em>. As you discover that changes
+ are required, make those changes in the original <strong>source</strong>
+ files, not in the output build directory, and re-issue the
+ <code>ant compile</code> command. This ensures that your changes will
+ be available to be saved (via <code>cvs commit</code>) later on --
+ the output build directory is deleted and recreated as necessary.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Reload the application</em>. Tomcat will recognize changes in
+ JSP pages automatically, but it will continue to use the old versions
+ of any servlet or JavaBean classes until the application is reloaded.
+ You can trigger this by executing the <code>ant reload</code> command.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Remove the application when you re done</em>. When you are through
+ working on this application, you can remove it from live execution by
+ running the <code>ant remove</code> command.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Do not forget to commit your changes to the source code repository when
+you have completed your testing!</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Creating a Release"><!--()--></a><a name="Creating_a_Release"><strong>Creating a Release</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>When you are through adding new functionality, and you've tested everything
+(you DO test, don't you :-), it is time to create the distributable version
+of your web application that can be deployed on the production server. The
+following general steps are required:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Issue the command <code>ant all</code> from the project source
+ directory, to rebuild everything from scratch one last time.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li>Use the <code>cvs tag</code> command to create an identifier for
+ all of the source files utilized to create this release. This allows
+ you to reliably reconstruct a release (from sources) at a later
+ time.</li>
+<li>Issue the command <code>ant dist</code> to create a distributable
+ web application archive (WAR) file, as well as a JAR file containing
+ the corresponding source code.
+ <br><br></li>
+<li>Package the contents of the <code>dist</code> directory using the
+ <strong>tar</strong> or <strong>zip</strong> utility, according to
+ the standard release procedures used by your organization.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade="noshade" size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+ Copyright © 1999-2014, Apache Software Foundation
+ </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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