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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Default Servlet Reference</title><meta name="author" content="Tim Funk"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+ .noPrint {display: none;}
+ td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+ code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+ .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+ .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+ </style><style type="text/css">
+ p.notice {
+ border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+ background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+ color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+ padding: 0.5em;
+ margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+ }
+ </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+ The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+ " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Default Servlet Reference</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#what">What is the DefaultServlet</a></li><li><a href="#where">Where is it declared?</a></li><li><a href="#change">What can I change?</a></li><li><a href="#dir">How do I customize directory listings?</a></li><li><a href="#secure">How do I secure directory listings?</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="what"><strong>What is the DefaultServlet</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+The default servlet is the servlet which serves static resources as well
+as serves the directory listings (if directory listings are enabled).
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="where"><strong>Where is it declared?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+It is declared globally in <i>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</i>.
+By default here is it's declaration:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+ <servlet>
+ <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
+ <servlet-class>
+ org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet
+ </servlet-class>
+ <init-param>
+ <param-name>debug</param-name>
+ <param-value>0</param-value>
+ </init-param>
+ <init-param>
+ <param-name>listings</param-name>
+ <param-value>false</param-value>
+ </init-param>
+ <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
+ </servlet>
+
+...
+
+ <servlet-mapping>
+ <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
+ <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
+ </servlet-mapping>
+
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+So by default, the default servlet is loaded at webapp startup and
+directory listings are disabled and debugging is turned off.
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="change"><strong>What can I change?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+The DefaultServlet allows the following initParamters:
+
+<table border="1">
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">debug</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ Debugging level. It is not very useful unless you are a tomcat
+ developer. As
+ of this writing, useful values are 0, 1, 11, 1000. [0]
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">listings</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ If no welcome file is present, can a directory listing be
+ shown?
+ value may be <b>true</b> or <b>false</b> [false]
+ <br>
+ Welcome files are part of the servlet api.
+ <br>
+ <b>WARNING:</b> Listings of directories containing many entries are
+ expensive. Multiple requests for large directory listings can consume
+ significant proportions of server resources.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">readmeFile</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ If a directory listing is presented, a readme file may also
+ be presented with the listing. This file is inserted as is
+ so it may contain HTML.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">globalXsltFile</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ If you wish to customize your directory listing, you
+ can use an XSL transformation. This value is an absolute
+ file name which be used for all directory listings.
+ This can be overridden per context and/or per directory. See
+ <strong>contextXsltFile</strong> and <strong>localXsltFile</strong>
+ below. The format of the xml is shown below.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">contextXsltFile</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ You may also customize your directory listing by context by
+ configuring <code>contextXsltFile</code>. This should be a context
+ relative path (e.g.: <code>/path/to/context.xslt</code>). This
+ overrides <code>globalXsltFile</code>. If this value is present but a
+ file does not exist, then <code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
+ <code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
+ directory listing will be shown.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">localXsltFile</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ You may also customize your directory listing by directory by
+ configuring <code>localXsltFile</code>. This should be a relative
+ file name in the directory where the listing will take place.
+ This overrides <code>globalXsltFile</code> and
+ <code>contextXsltFile</code>. If this value is present but a file
+ does not exist, then <code>contextXsltFile</code> will be used. If
+ <code>contextXsltFile</code> does not exist, then
+ <code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
+ <code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
+ directory listing will be shown.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">input</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ Input buffer size (in bytes) when reading
+ resources to be served. [2048]
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">output</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ Output buffer size (in bytes) when writing
+ resources to be served. [2048]
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">readonly</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ Is this context "read only", so HTTP commands like PUT and
+ DELETE are rejected? [true]
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">fileEncoding</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ File encoding to be used when reading static resources.
+ [platform default]
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">sendfileSize</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ If the connector used supports sendfile, this represents the minimal
+ file size in KB for which sendfile will be used. Use a negative value
+ to always disable sendfile. [48]
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th valign="top">useAcceptRanges</th>
+ <td valign="top">
+ If true, the Accept-Ranges header will be set when appropriate for the
+ response. [true]
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+
+</table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="dir"><strong>How do I customize directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>You can override DefaultServlet with you own implementation and use that
+in your web.xml declaration. If you
+can understand what was just said, we will assume you can read the code
+to DefaultServlet servlet and make the appropriate adjustments. (If not,
+then that method isn't for you)
+</p>
+<p>
+You can use either <code>localXsltFile</code> or
+<code>globalXsltFile</code> and DefaultServlet will create
+an xml document and run it through an xsl transformation based
+on the values provided in <code>localXsltFile</code> and
+<code>globalXsltFile</code>. <code>localXsltFile</code> is first
+checked, followed by <code>globalXsltFile</code>, then default
+behaviors takes place.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Format:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+ <listing>
+ <entries>
+ <entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'>
+ fileName1
+ </entry>
+ <entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'>
+ fileName2
+ </entry>
+ ...
+ </entries>
+ <readme></readme>
+ </listing>
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<ul>
+ <li>size will be missing if <code>type='dir'</code></li>
+ <li>Readme is a CDATA entry</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+The following is a sample xsl file which mimics the default tomcat behavior:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ version="1.0">
+
+ <xsl:output method="xhtml" encoding="iso-8859-1" indent="no"/>
+
+ <xsl:template match="listing">
+ <html>
+ <head>
+ <title>
+ Sample Directory Listing For
+ <xsl:value-of select="@directory"/>
+ </title>
+ <style>
+ h1{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
+ h3{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
+ body{font-family : sans-serif,Arial,Tahoma;
+ color : black;background-color : white;}
+ b{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
+ a{color : black;} HR{color : #0086b2;}
+ </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <h1>Sample Directory Listing For
+ <xsl:value-of select="@directory"/>
+ </h1>
+ <hr size="1" />
+ <table cellspacing="0"
+ width="100%"
+ cellpadding="5"
+ align="center">
+ <tr>
+ <th align="left">Filename</th>
+ <th align="center">Size</th>
+ <th align="right">Last Modified</th>
+ </tr>
+ <xsl:apply-templates select="entries"/>
+ </table>
+ <xsl:apply-templates select="readme"/>
+ <hr size="1" />
+ <h3>Apache Tomcat/7.0</h3>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </xsl:template>
+
+
+ <xsl:template match="entries">
+ <xsl:apply-templates select="entry"/>
+ </xsl:template>
+
+ <xsl:template match="readme">
+ <hr size="1" />
+ <pre><xsl:apply-templates/></pre>
+ </xsl:template>
+
+ <xsl:template match="entry">
+ <tr>
+ <td align="left">
+ <xsl:variable name="urlPath" select="@urlPath"/>
+ <a href="{$urlPath}">
+ <tt><xsl:apply-templates/></tt>
+ </a>
+ </td>
+ <td align="right">
+ <tt><xsl:value-of select="@size"/></tt>
+ </td>
+ <td align="right">
+ <tt><xsl:value-of select="@date"/></tt>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="secure"><strong>How do I secure directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+Use web.xml in each individual webapp. See the security section of the
+Servlet specification.
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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