diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/webapps/ROOT/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6681668
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+================================================================================
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+================================================================================
+
+$Id: RELEASE-NOTES 1189163 2011-10-26 12:19:26Z kkolinko $
+
+
+                     Apache Tomcat Version 7.0.42
+                            Release Notes
+
+
+=========
+CONTENTS:
+=========
+
+* Dependency Changes
+* API Stability
+* JNI Based Applications
+* Bundled APIs
+* Web application reloading and static fields in shared libraries
+* Tomcat on Linux
+* Enabling SSI and CGI Support
+* Security manager URLs
+* Symlinking static resources
+* Viewing the Tomcat Change Log
+* Cryptographic software notice
+* When all else fails
+
+
+===================
+Dependency Changes:
+===================
+Tomcat 7.0 is designed to run on Java SE 6 and later.
+
+In addition, Tomcat 7.0 uses the Eclipse JDT Java compiler for
+compiling JSP pages.  This means you no longer need to have the complete
+Java Development Kit (JDK) to run Tomcat, but a Java Runtime Environment
+(JRE) is sufficient.  The Eclipse JDT Java compiler is bundled with the
+binary Tomcat distributions.  Tomcat can also be configured to use the
+compiler from the JDK to compile JSPs, or any other Java compiler supported
+by Apache Ant.
+
+
+==============
+API Stability:
+==============
+The public interfaces for the following classes are fixed and will not be
+changed at all during the remaining lifetime of the 7.x series:
+- javax/**/*
+
+The public interfaces for the following classes may be added to in order to
+resolve bugs and/or add new features. No existing interface will be removed or
+changed although it may be deprecated.
+- org/apache/catalina/*
+- org/apache/catalina/comet/*
+
+Note: As Tomcat 7 matures, the above list will be added to. The list is not
+      considered complete at this time.
+
+The remaining classes are considered part of the Tomcat internals and may change
+without notice between point releases.
+
+
+=======================
+JNI Based Applications:
+=======================
+Applications that require native libraries must ensure that the libraries have
+been loaded prior to use.  Typically, this is done with a call like:
+
+  static {
+    System.loadLibrary("path-to-library-file");
+  }
+
+in some class.  However, the application must also ensure that the library is
+not loaded more than once.  If the above code were placed in a class inside
+the web application (i.e. under /WEB-INF/classes or /WEB-INF/lib), and the
+application were reloaded, the loadLibrary() call would be attempted a second
+time.
+
+To avoid this problem, place classes that load native libraries outside of the
+web application, and ensure that the loadLibrary() call is executed only once
+during the lifetime of a particular JVM.
+
+
+=============
+Bundled APIs:
+=============
+A standard installation of Tomcat 7.0 makes all of the following APIs available
+for use by web applications (by placing them in "lib"):
+* annotations-api.jar (Annotations package)
+* catalina.jar (Tomcat Catalina implementation)
+* catalina-ant.jar (Tomcat Catalina Ant tasks)
+* catalina-ha.jar (High availability package)
+* catalina-tribes.jar (Group communication)
+* ecj-4.2.2.jar (Eclipse JDT Java compiler)
+* el-api.jar (EL 2.2 API)
+* jasper.jar (Jasper 2 Compiler and Runtime)
+* jasper-el.jar (Jasper 2 EL implementation)
+* jsp-api.jar (JSP 2.2 API)
+* servlet-api.jar (Servlet 3.0 API)
+* tomcat-api.jar (Interfaces shared by Catalina and Jasper)
+* tomcat-coyote.jar (Tomcat connectors and utility classes)
+* tomcat-dbcp.jar (package renamed database connection pool based on Commons DBCP)
+
+You can make additional APIs available to all of your web applications by
+putting unpacked classes into a "classes" directory (not created by default),
+or by placing them in JAR files in the "lib" directory.
+
+To override the XML parser implementation or interfaces, use the endorsed
+mechanism of the JVM. The default configuration defines JARs located in
+"endorsed" as endorsed.
+
+
+================================================================
+Web application reloading and static fields in shared libraries:
+================================================================
+Some shared libraries (many are part of the JDK) keep references to objects
+instantiated by the web application. To avoid class loading related problems
+(ClassCastExceptions, messages indicating that the classloader
+is stopped, etc.), the shared libraries state should be reinitialized.
+
+Something which might help is to avoid putting classes which would be
+referenced by a shared static field in the web application classloader,
+and putting them in the shared classloader instead (JARs should be put in the
+"lib" folder, and classes should be put in the "classes" folder).
+
+
+================
+Tomcat on Linux:
+================
+GLIBC 2.2 / Linux 2.4 users should define an environment variable:
+export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.2.5
+
+Redhat Linux 9.0 users should use the following setting to avoid
+stability problems:
+export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1
+
+There are some Linux bugs reported against the NIO sendfile behavior, make sure you
+have a JDK that is up to date, or disable sendfile behavior in the Connector.<br/>
+6427312: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo() throws IOException "system call interrupted"<br/>
+5103988: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo should return -1 for EAGAIN instead throws IOException<br/>
+6253145: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo on Linux fails when going beyond 2GB boundary<br/>
+6470086: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo(2147483647, 1, channel) cause "Value too large" exception<br/>
+
+
+=============================
+Enabling SSI and CGI Support:
+=============================
+Because of the security risks associated with CGI and SSI available
+to web applications, these features are disabled by default.  
+
+To enable and configure CGI support, please see the cgi-howto.html page.
+
+To enable and configue SSI support, please see the ssi-howto.html page.
+
+
+======================
+Security manager URLs:
+======================
+In order to grant security permissions to JARs located inside the
+web application repository, use URLs of of the following format
+in your policy file:
+
+file:${catalina.base}/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/driver.jar
+
+
+============================
+Symlinking static resources:
+============================
+By default, Unix symlinks will not work when used in a web application to link
+resources located outside the web application root directory.
+
+This behavior is optional, and the "allowLinking" flag may be used to disable
+the check.
+
+
+==============================
+Viewing the Tomcat Change Log:
+==============================
+See changelog.html in this directory.
+
+
+=============================
+Cryptographic software notice
+=============================
+This distribution includes cryptographic software.  The country in
+which you currently reside may have restrictions on the import,
+possession, use, and/or re-export to another country, of
+encryption software.  BEFORE using any encryption software, please
+check your country's laws, regulations and policies concerning the
+import, possession, or use, and re-export of encryption software, to
+see if this is permitted.  See <http://www.wassenaar.org/> for more
+information.
+
+The U.S. Government Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and
+Security (BIS), has classified this software as Export Commodity
+Control Number (ECCN) 5D002.C.1, which includes information security
+software using or performing cryptographic functions with asymmetric
+algorithms.  The form and manner of this Apache Software Foundation
+distribution makes it eligible for export under the License Exception
+ENC Technology Software Unrestricted (TSU) exception (see the BIS
+Export Administration Regulations, Section 740.13) for both object
+code and source code.
+
+The following provides more details on the included cryptographic
+software:
+  - Tomcat includes code designed to work with JSSE
+  - Tomcat includes code designed to work with OpenSSL
+
+
+====================
+When all else fails:
+====================
+See the FAQ
+http://tomcat.apache.org/faq/
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/web.xml b/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/web.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fae48dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/web.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
+  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
+                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
+  version="3.0"
+  metadata-complete="true">
+
+  <display-name>Welcome to Tomcat</display-name>
+  <description>
+     Welcome to Tomcat
+  </description>
+
+</web-app>
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/asf-logo-wide.gif b/webapps/ROOT/asf-logo-wide.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b240328
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/asf-logo-wide.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/asf-logo.png b/webapps/ROOT/asf-logo.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8e908c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/asf-logo.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/bg-button.png b/webapps/ROOT/bg-button.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b544bbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/bg-button.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/bg-middle.png b/webapps/ROOT/bg-middle.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c95a82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/bg-middle.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/bg-nav-item.png b/webapps/ROOT/bg-nav-item.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ece86a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/bg-nav-item.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/bg-nav.png b/webapps/ROOT/bg-nav.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d44b094
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/bg-nav.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/bg-upper.png b/webapps/ROOT/bg-upper.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d9ae7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/bg-upper.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/build.xml b/webapps/ROOT/build.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..871daa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/build.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<project name="ROOT" default="build-main" basedir=".">
+
+
+  <!-- ===================== Initialize Property Values =================== -->
+
+  <!-- See "build.properties.sample" in the top level directory for all     -->
+  <!-- property values you must customize for successful building!!!        -->
+  <property file="build.properties"/>
+  <property file="../build.properties"/>
+  <property file="../../build.properties"/>
+  <property file="${user.home}/build.properties"/>
+
+  <property name="build.compiler"  value="modern"/>
+  <property name="webapps.build"   value="../build"/>
+  <property name="webapps.dist"    value="../dist"/>
+  <property name="webapp.name"     value="ROOT"/>
+
+
+  <!-- =================== BUILD: Create Directories ====================== -->
+  <target name="build-prepare">
+    <mkdir dir="${webapps.build}"/>
+    <mkdir dir="${webapps.build}/${webapp.name}"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+  <!-- ================ BUILD: Copy Static Files ========================== -->
+  <target name="build-static" depends="build-prepare">
+    <copy todir="${webapps.build}/${webapp.name}">
+      <fileset dir=".">
+        <exclude name="build.*"/>
+      </fileset>
+    </copy>
+  </target>
+
+
+  <!-- ================= BUILD: Compile Server Components ================= -->
+  <target name="build-main" depends="build-static"/>
+
+
+  <!-- ==================== BUILD: Rebuild Everything ===================== -->
+  <target name="all" depends="build-clean,build-main"
+   description="Clean and build ROOT webapp"/>
+
+
+  <!-- ======================= BUILD: Clean Directory ===================== -->
+  <target name="build-clean">
+    <delete dir="${webapps.build}/${webapp.name}"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+  <!-- ======================= DIST: Create Directories =================== -->
+  <target name="dist-prepare">
+    <mkdir dir="${webapps.dist}"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+  <!-- ======================= DIST: Create Distribution Files ============ -->
+  <target name="dist" depends="build-main,dist-prepare"
+   description="Create ROOT webapp binary distribution">
+      <jar   jarfile="${webapps.dist}/${webapp.name}.war"
+             basedir="${webapps.build}/${webapp.name}" includes="**"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+  <!-- ======================= DIST: Clean Directory ====================== -->
+  <target name="dist-clean">
+    <delete dir="${webapps.dist}/${webapp.name}"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+  <!-- ====================== Convenient Synonyms ========================= -->
+  <target name="clean" depends="build-clean,dist-clean"
+   description="Clean build and dist directories"/>
+
+
+</project>
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/favicon.ico b/webapps/ROOT/favicon.ico
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c5bd2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/favicon.ico
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp b/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c24e751
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+<%--
+Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<%@ page session="false" %>
+<%
+java.text.SimpleDateFormat sdf = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
+request.setAttribute("year", sdf.format(new java.util.Date()));
+request.setAttribute("tomcat7Url", "http://tomcat.apache.org/");
+request.setAttribute("tomcat7DocUrl", "/docs/");
+request.setAttribute("tomcat7ExamplesUrl", "/examples/");
+%>
+<html lang="en">
+    <head>
+        <title><%=request.getServletContext().getServerInfo() %></title>
+        <link href="favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" />
+        <link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" />
+        <link href="tomcat.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+    </head>
+
+    <body>
+        <div id="wrapper">
+            <div id="navigation" class="curved container">
+                <span id="nav-home"><a href="${tomcat7Url}">Home</a></span>
+                <span id="nav-hosts"><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}">Documentation</a></span>
+                <span id="nav-config"><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}config/">Configuration</a></span>
+                <span id="nav-examples"><a href="${tomcat7ExamplesUrl}">Examples</a></span>
+                <span id="nav-wiki"><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Wiki</a></span>
+                <span id="nav-lists"><a href="${tomcat7Url}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></span>
+                <span id="nav-help"><a href="${tomcat7Url}findhelp.html">Find Help</a></span>
+                <br class="separator" />
+            </div>
+            <div id="asf-box">
+                <h1>${pageContext.servletContext.serverInfo}</h1>
+            </div>
+            <div id="upper" class="curved container">
+                <div id="congrats" class="curved container">
+                    <h2>If you're seeing this, you've successfully installed Tomcat. Congratulations!</h2>
+                </div>
+                <div id="notice">
+                    <img src="tomcat.png" alt="[tomcat logo]" />
+                    <div id="tasks">
+                        <h3>Recommended Reading:</h3>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}security-howto.html">Security Considerations HOW-TO</a></h4>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}manager-howto.html">Manager Application HOW-TO</a></h4>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}cluster-howto.html">Clustering/Session Replication HOW-TO</a></h4>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div id="actions">
+                    <div class="button">
+                        <a class="container shadow" href="/manager/status"><span>Server Status</span></a>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="button">
+                        <a class="container shadow" href="/manager/html"><span>Manager App</span></a>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="button">
+                        <a class="container shadow" href="/host-manager/html"><span>Host Manager</span></a>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <!--
+                <br class="separator" />
+                -->
+                <br class="separator" />
+            </div>
+            <div id="middle" class="curved container">
+                <h3>Developer Quick Start</h3>
+                <div class="col25">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <p><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}setup.html">Tomcat Setup</a></p>
+                        <p><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}appdev/">First Web Application</a></p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="col25">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <p><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}realm-howto.html">Realms &amp; AAA</a></p>
+                        <p><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">JDBC DataSources</a></p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="col25">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <p><a href="${tomcat7ExamplesUrl}">Examples</a></p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="col25">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <p><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet Specifications</a></p>
+                        <p><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Tomcat Versions</a></p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <br class="separator" />
+            </div>
+            <div id="lower">
+                <div id="low-manage" class="">
+                    <div class="curved container">
+                        <h3>Managing Tomcat</h3>
+                        <p>For security, access to the <a href="/manager/html">manager webapp</a> is restricted.
+                        Users are defined in:</p>
+                        <pre>$CATALINA_HOME/conf/tomcat-users.xml</pre>
+                        <p>In Tomcat 7.0 access to the manager application is split between
+                           different users. &nbsp; <a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}manager-howto.html">Read more...</a></p>
+                        <br />
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></h4>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}changelog.html">Changelog</a></h4>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7Url}migration.html">Migration Guide</a></h4>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7Url}security.html">Security Notices</a></h4>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div id="low-docs" class="">
+                    <div class="curved container">
+                        <h3>Documentation</h3>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}">Tomcat 7.0 Documentation</a></h4>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}config/">Tomcat 7.0 Configuration</a></h4>
+                        <h4><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Tomcat Wiki</a></h4>
+                        <p>Find additional important configuration information in:</p>
+                        <pre>$CATALINA_HOME/RUNNING.txt</pre>
+                        <p>Developers may be interested in:</p>
+                        <ul>
+                            <li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/bugreport.html">Tomcat 7.0 Bug Database</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}api/index.html">Tomcat 7.0 JavaDocs</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/">Tomcat 7.0 SVN Repository</a></li>
+                        </ul>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div id="low-help" class="">
+                    <div class="curved container">
+                        <h3>Getting Help</h3>
+                        <h4><a href="${tomcat7Url}faq/">FAQ</a> and <a href="${tomcat7Url}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></h4>
+                        <p>The following mailing lists are available:</p>
+                        <ul>
+                            <li id="list-announce"><strong><a href="mailto:announce-subscribe@tomcat.apache.org">announce@tomcat.apache.org</a><br />
+                                Important announcements, releases, security vulnerability notifications. (Low volume).</strong>
+                            </li>
+                            <li><a href="mailto:users-subscribe@tomcat.apache.org">users@tomcat.apache.org</a><br />
+                                User support and discussion
+                            </li>
+                            <li><a href="mailto:taglibs-user-subscribe@tomcat.apache.org">taglibs-user@tomcat.apache.org</a><br />
+                                User support and discussion for <a href="${tomcat7Url}taglibs/">Apache Taglibs</a>
+                            </li>
+                            <li><a href="mailto:dev-subscribe@tomcat.apache.org">dev@tomcat.apache.org</a><br />
+                                Development mailing list, including commit messages
+                            </li>
+                        </ul>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <br class="separator" />
+            </div>
+            <div id="footer" class="curved container">
+                <div class="col20">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <h4>Other Downloads</h4>
+                        <ul>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}download-connectors.cgi">Tomcat Connectors</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}download-native.cgi">Tomcat Native</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}taglibs/">Taglibs</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}deployer-howto.html">Deployer</a></li>
+                        </ul>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="col20">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <h4>Other Documentation</h4>
+                        <ul>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}connectors-doc/">Tomcat Connectors</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}connectors-doc/">mod_jk Documentation</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}native-doc/">Tomcat Native</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7DocUrl}deployer-howto.html">Deployer</a></li>
+                        </ul>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="col20">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <h4>Get Involved</h4>
+                        <ul>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}getinvolved.html">Overview</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}svn.html">SVN Repositories</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Wiki</a></li>
+                        </ul>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="col20">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <h4>Miscellaneous</h4>
+                        <ul>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}contact.html">Contact</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}legal.html">Legal</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html">Sponsorship</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html">Thanks</a></li>
+                        </ul>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="col20">
+                    <div class="container">
+                        <h4>Apache Software Foundation</h4>
+                        <ul>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}whoweare.html">Who We Are</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}heritage.html">Heritage</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="http://www.apache.org">Apache Home</a></li>
+                            <li><a href="${tomcat7Url}resources.html">Resources</a></li>
+                        </ul>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <br class="separator" />
+            </div>
+            <p class="copyright">Copyright &copy;1999-${year} Apache Software Foundation.  All Rights Reserved</p>
+        </div>
+    </body>
+
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/tomcat-power.gif b/webapps/ROOT/tomcat-power.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01c400b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/tomcat-power.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/tomcat.css b/webapps/ROOT/tomcat.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73d8fba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/ROOT/tomcat.css
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+/*
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+*/
+body {
+    margin: 10px 20px;
+    text-align: center;
+    font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, ul, ol {
+    margin: 0 0 0.5em;
+}
+h1 {
+    font-size: 18pt;
+    margin: 0.5em 0 0;
+}
+h2 {
+    font-size: 16pt;
+}
+h3 {
+    font-size: 13pt;
+}
+h4 {
+    font-size: 12pt;
+}
+h5 {
+    font-size: 11pt;
+}
+p {
+    font-size: 11pt
+}
+
+ul {
+    margin: 0;
+    padding: 0 0 0 0.25em;
+    text-indent: 0;
+    list-style: none;
+}
+li {
+    margin: 0;
+    padding: 0 0 0.25em;
+    text-indent: 0;
+    font-size: 80%;
+}
+
+pre {
+    text-indent: 0.25em;
+    width: 90%;
+    font-size: 90%;
+}
+
+br.separator {
+    margin: 0;
+    padding: 0;
+    clear: both;
+}
+
+a img {
+    border: 0 none;
+}
+
+.container {
+    padding: 10px;
+    margin: 0 0 10px;
+}
+
+.col20 {
+    float: left;
+    width: 20%;
+}
+
+.col25 {
+    float: left;
+    width: 25%;
+}
+
+#wrapper {
+    display: block;
+    margin: 0 auto;
+    text-align: left;
+    min-width: 720px;
+    max-width: 1000px;
+}
+.curved {
+    border-radius: 10px;
+    -moz-border-radius: 10px;
+    -webkit-border-radius: 10px;
+    -khtml-border-radius: 10px;
+}
+
+#navigation {
+    background: #eee url(bg-nav.png) repeat-x top left;
+    margin: 0 0 10px;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+#navigation span {
+    float: left;
+}
+#navigation span a {
+    display: block;
+    padding: 10px;
+    font-weight: bold;
+    text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #fff;
+}
+#navigation span a:link,
+#navigation span a:visited,
+#navigation span a:hover,
+#navigation span a:active {
+    color: #666;
+    text-decoration: none;
+}
+#navigation span#nav-help {
+    float: right;
+    margin-right: 0;
+}
+
+#asf-box {
+    height: 40px;
+    background: #fff url(asf-logo.png) no-repeat top right;}
+#asf-box h1 {
+    padding: 0;
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+#upper {
+    background: #fff url(bg-upper.png) repeat-x top left;
+}
+
+#congrats {
+    text-align: center;
+    padding: 10px;
+    margin: 0 40px 20px;
+    background-color: #9c9;
+}
+#congrats h2 {
+    font-size: 14pt;
+    padding: 0;
+    margin: 0;
+    color: #fff;
+}
+
+#notice {
+    float: left;
+    width: 560px;
+    color: #696;
+}
+#notice a:link,
+#notice a:visited,
+#notice a:hover,
+#notice a:active {
+    color: #090;
+    text-decoration: none;
+}
+#notice img,
+#notice #tasks {
+    float: left;
+}
+#tasks a:link,
+#tasks a:visited,
+#tasks a:hover,
+#tasks a:active {
+    text-decoration: underline;
+}
+#notice img {
+    margin-right: 20px;
+}
+
+#actions {
+    float: right;
+    width: 140px;
+}
+
+#actions .button {
+    display: block;
+    padding: 0;
+    height: 36px;
+    background: url(bg-button.png) no-repeat top left;
+}
+
+#actions .button a {
+    display: block;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+#actions .button a:link,
+#actions .button a:visited,
+#actions .button a:hover,
+#actions .button a:active {
+    color: #696;
+    text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+#actions .button a span {
+    display: block;
+    padding: 6px 10px;
+    color: #666;
+    text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #fff;
+    font-size: 10pt;
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+#middle {
+    background: #eef url(bg-middle.png) repeat-x top left;
+    margin: 20px 0;
+    padding: 1px 10px;
+}
+#middle h3 {
+    margin: 0 0 10px;
+    color: #033;
+}
+#middle p {
+    font-size: 10pt;
+}
+#middle a:link,
+#middle a:visited,
+#middle a:hover,
+#middle a:active {
+    color: #366;
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+#middle .col25 .container {
+    padding: 0 0 1px;
+}
+
+#developers {
+    float: left;
+    width: 40%;
+}
+#security {
+    float: right;
+    width: 50%;
+}
+
+#lower {
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+#lower a:link,
+#lower a:visited,
+#lower a:hover,
+#lower a:active {
+    color: #600;
+}
+
+#lower strong a:link,
+#lower strong a:visited,
+#lower strong a:hover,
+#lower strong a:active {
+    color: #c00;
+}
+
+#lower h3 {
+    color: #963;
+    font-size: 14pt;
+}
+#lower h4 {
+    font-size: 12pt;
+}
+#lower ul {
+    padding: 0;
+    margin: 0.5em 0;
+}
+#lower p,
+#lower li {
+    font-size: 9pt;
+    color: #753;
+    margin: 0 0 0.1em;
+}
+#lower li {
+    padding: 3px 5px;
+}
+#lower li strong {
+    color: #a53;
+}
+#lower li#list-announce {
+    border: 1px solid #f90;
+    background-color: #ffe8c8;
+}
+#lower p {
+    font-size: 10.5pt;
+}
+
+#low-manage,
+#low-docs,
+#low-help {
+    float: left;
+    width: 32%;
+}
+#low-docs {
+    margin: 0 0 0 2.2%;
+}
+#low-help {
+    float: right;
+}
+
+#low-manage div,
+#low-docs div,
+#low-help div {
+    min-height: 280px;
+    border: 3px solid #ffdc75;
+    background-color: #fff1c8;
+    padding: 10px;
+}
+
+#footer {
+    padding: 0;
+    margin: 20px 0;
+    color: #999;
+    background-color: #eee;
+}
+#footer h4 {
+    margin: 0 0 10px;
+    font-size: 10pt;
+}
+#footer p {
+    margin: 0 0 10px;
+    font-size: 10pt;
+}
+#footer ul {
+    margin: 6px 0 1px;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+#footer li {
+    margin: 0;
+    font-size: 9pt;
+}
+
+#footer a:link,
+#footer a:visited,
+#footer a:hover,
+#footer a:active {
+    color: #666;
+}
+
+.copyright {
+    font-size: 10pt;
+    color: #666;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/tomcat.gif b/webapps/ROOT/tomcat.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2aa6f8
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Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/ROOT/tomcat.png b/webapps/ROOT/tomcat.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..209b07f
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Binary files differ
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..706d9f0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 11 Build 196, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.0.0 Build 78)  -->
+<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.0//EN"    "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/DTD/svg10.dtd" [
+    <!ENTITY ns_flows "http://ns.adobe.com/Flows/1.0/">
+    <!ENTITY ns_extend "http://ns.adobe.com/Extensibility/1.0/">
+    <!ENTITY ns_ai "http://ns.adobe.com/AdobeIllustrator/10.0/">
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+    <!ENTITY ns_vars "http://ns.adobe.com/Variables/1.0/">
+    <!ENTITY ns_imrep "http://ns.adobe.com/ImageReplacement/1.0/">
+    <!ENTITY ns_sfw "http://ns.adobe.com/SaveForWeb/1.0/">
+    <!ENTITY ns_custom "http://ns.adobe.com/GenericCustomNamespace/1.0/">
+    <!ENTITY ns_adobe_xpath "http://ns.adobe.com/XPath/1.0/">
+    <!ENTITY ns_svg "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+    <!ENTITY ns_xlink "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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+<svg
+     xmlns:x="&ns_extend;" xmlns:i="&ns_ai;" xmlns:graph="&ns_graphs;" i:viewOrigin="176.7139 486.707" i:rulerOrigin="-156 -296" i:pageBounds="156 496 456 296"
+     xmlns="&ns_svg;" xmlns:xlink="&ns_xlink;" xmlns:a="http://ns.adobe.com/AdobeSVGViewerExtensions/3.0/"
+     width="260.162" height="184.413" viewBox="0 0 260.162 184.413" overflow="visible" enable-background="new 0 0 260.162 184.413"
+     xml:space="preserve">
+    <metadata>
+        <variableSets  xmlns="&ns_vars;">
+            <variableSet  varSetName="binding1" locked="none">
+                <variables></variables>
+                <v:sampleDataSets  xmlns="&ns_custom;" xmlns:v="&ns_vars;"></v:sampleDataSets>
+            </variableSet>
+        </variableSets>
+        <sfw  xmlns="&ns_sfw;">
+            <slices></slices>
+            <sliceSourceBounds  y="302.294" x="176.714" width="260.162" height="184.413" bottomLeftOrigin="true"></sliceSourceBounds>
+        </sfw>
+<?xpacket begin='﻿' id='W5M0MpCehiHzreSzNTczkc9d'?><x:xmpmeta xmlns:x='adobe:ns:meta/' x:xmptk='XMP toolkit 3.0-29, framework 1.6'>
+<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf='http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#' xmlns:iX='http://ns.adobe.com/iX/1.0/'>
+
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about=''
+  xmlns:pdf='http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/'>
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+ <rdf:Description rdf:about=''
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+ </rdf:Description>
+
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about=''
+  xmlns:xap='http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/'
+  xmlns:xapGImg='http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/g/img/'>
+  <xap:CreateDate>2006-05-09T08:17:21Z</xap:CreateDate>
+  <xap:ModifyDate>2006-05-09T08:37:38Z</xap:ModifyDate>
+  <xap:CreatorTool>Illustrator</xap:CreatorTool>
+  <xap:Thumbnails>
+   <rdf:Alt>
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+     <xapGImg:width>256</xapGImg:width>
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+        </i:pgf>
+    </svg>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/BUILDING.txt b/webapps/docs/BUILDING.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5da5cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/BUILDING.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
+================================================================================
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+================================================================================
+
+$Id: BUILDING.txt 1457383 2013-03-17 06:22:36Z kkolinko $
+
+            ====================================================
+            Building The Apache Tomcat 7.0 Servlet/JSP Container
+            ====================================================
+
+This subproject contains the source code for Tomcat 7.0, a container that
+implements the Servlet 3.0 and JSP 2.2 specifications from the Java
+Community Process <http://www.jcp.org/>.
+
+Note: If you just need to run Apache Tomcat, it is not necessary to build
+it. You may simply download a binary distribution. It is cross-platform.
+Read RUNNING.txt for the instruction on how to run it.
+
+In order to build a binary distribution version of Apache Tomcat from a
+source distribution, do the following:
+
+
+(1) Download and Install a Java Development Kit
+
+ 1. If the JDK is already installed, skip to (2).
+
+ 2. Download a version 6 of Java Development Kit (JDK) release (use the
+    latest update available for your chosen version) from
+
+        http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
+        or from another JDK vendor.
+
+    Note regarding later versions of Java:
+
+      As documented elsewhere, one of components in Apache Tomcat includes
+      a private copy of the Apache Commons DBCP library. The source code
+      for this library is downloaded, processed by the build script
+      (renaming the packages) and compiled.
+
+      Due to changes in JDBC interfaces implemented by the library between
+      versions of Java SE specification, the library has to target specific
+      version of Java and can be compiled only with the JDK version
+      implementing this version of specification.
+
+      See Apache Commons DBCP project web site for more details on
+      available versions of the library and its requirements,
+
+        http://commons.apache.org/dbcp/
+
+      If you really want to use a later version of JDK to build Tomcat,
+      several workarounds are possible. One of them is to skip building
+      the component (tomcat-dbcp.jar).
+
+ 3. Install the JDK according to the instructions included with the release.
+
+ 4. Set an environment variable JAVA_HOME to the pathname of the directory
+    into which you installed the JDK release.
+
+
+(2) Install Apache Ant 1.8.x on your computer
+
+ 1. If Apache Ant 1.8.x is already installed on your computer, skip to (3).
+
+ 2. Download a binary distribution of Ant 1.8.x from:
+
+        http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi
+
+ 3. Unpack the binary distribution into a convenient location so that the
+    Ant release resides in its own directory (conventionally named
+    "apache-ant-[version]").
+
+    For the purposes of the remainder of this document, the symbolic name
+    "${ant.home}" is used to refer to the full pathname of the release
+    directory.
+
+ 4. Create an ANT_HOME environment variable to point the directory
+    ${ant.home}.
+
+ 5. Modify the PATH environment variable to include the directory
+    ${ant.home}/bin in its list.  This makes the "ant" command line script
+    available, which will be used to actually perform the build.
+
+
+(3) Building Tomcat 7.0
+
+(3.1) Checkout or obtain the source code for Tomcat 7.0
+
+Checkout the source using SVN, selecting a tag for released version or
+trunk for the current development code, or download and unpack a source
+package.
+
+ *  Tomcat SVN repository URL:
+
+        http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk/
+
+ *  Source packages can be downloaded from:
+
+        http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi
+
+The location where the source has been placed will be further referred as
+${tomcat.source}.
+
+(3.2) Building
+
+ 1. The build is controlled by creating a ${tomcat.source}/build.properties
+    file.
+
+    It is recommended to always create the file, because of unfortunate
+    default value of base.path property. You may start with the following
+    content for the file:
+
+        # ----- Default Base Path for Dependent Packages -----
+        # Replace this path with the directory path where dependencies binaries
+        # should be downloaded
+        base.path=/home/me/some-place-to-download-to
+
+ 2. Configure base.path property by adding it to the
+    ${tomcat.source}/build.properties file.
+
+    The base.path property specifies the place where Tomcat dependencies
+    required by the build are downloaded. It is recommended to place this
+    directory outside of the source tree, so that you do not waste your
+    time re-downloading the libraries.
+
+* WARNING: The default value of base.path property makes the build script
+  to download libraries required to build Tomcat to the /usr/share/java
+  directory. On a typical Linux or MacOX system an ordinary user will not
+  have access to write to this directory. Even if you do have access to
+  that directory, it is likely not appropriate for you to write there.
+
+  On Windows this usually corresponds to the "C:\usr\share\java"
+  directory, unless Cygwin is used.
+
+* NOTE: Users accessing the Internet through a proxy must use the properties
+  file to indicate to Ant the proxy configuration.
+
+  The following properties should be added to the ${tomcat.source}/build.properties
+  file.
+
+        proxy.use=on
+        proxy.host=proxy.domain
+        proxy.port=8080
+        proxy.user=username
+        proxy.password=password
+
+  See Apache Ant documentation for the <setproxy> task for details.
+
+ 3. Go to the sources directory and run Ant:
+
+        cd ${tomcat.source}
+        ant
+
+    This will execute the "deploy" target in build.xml.
+
+    Once the build has completed successfully, a usable Tomcat installation
+    will have been produced in the ${tomcat.source}/output/build directory,
+    and can be started and stopped with the usual scripts.
+
+    Note that the build includes Tomcat documentation, which can be found
+    in the output/build/webapps/docs directory.
+
+    The path of the output directory can be controlled by specifying the
+    "tomcat.output" property in the build.properties file.
+
+* NOTE: Do not run the build as the root user. Building and running Tomcat
+  does not require root privileges.
+
+
+(4) Updating sources and rebuilding
+
+It is recommended that you regularly update the downloaded Tomcat 7.0
+sources using your SVN client.
+
+For a quick rebuild of only modified code you can use:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant
+
+
+(5) Special builds
+
+There are several targets in Tomcat build files that are useful to be
+called separately. They build components that you may want to build
+quickly, or ones that are included in the full release and are not built
+during the default "deploy" build.
+
+(5.1) Building documentation
+
+The documentation web application is built during the default "deploy"
+build.
+
+It can be built quickly by using the following commands:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant build-docs
+
+The output of this command will be found in the following directory:
+
+    output/build/webapps/docs
+
+
+The API documentation (Javadoc) is built during a "release" build. It is
+easy to build it separately by using the following commands:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant javadoc
+
+The output of this command will be found in the following directories:
+
+    output/dist/webapps/docs/api
+    output/dist/webapps/docs/elapi
+    output/dist/webapps/docs/jspapi
+    output/dist/webapps/docs/servletapi
+
+
+(5.2) Building the extras (commons-logging, webservices etc.)
+
+These components are documented on the "Additional Components"
+(extras.html) page of documentation. They are built during a "release"
+build.
+
+You can build them by using the following commands:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant extras
+
+(5.3) Building the embedded packages
+
+These are built during a "release" build.
+
+You can build them by using the following commands:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant embed
+
+
+(6) Building a full release (as provided via the ASF download pages)
+
+ 1. Configure GPG, if needed
+
+    If the released artifacts have to be cryptographically signed with a
+    PGP signature, like the official ASF releases are, the following
+    property can be added to the build.properties file:
+
+        # Location of GPG executable (used only for releases)
+        gpg.exec=/path/to/gpg
+
+    You do not need it if you do not plan to sign the release.
+
+    If "gpg.exec" property does not point to an existing file, it will be
+    ignored and this feature will be disabled.
+
+    You will be prompted for the GPG passphrase when the release build
+    starts, unless "gpg.passphrase" property is set.
+
+ 2. Build the release:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant release
+
+
+(7) Tests
+
+(7.1) Running Tomcat tests
+
+Tomcat includes a number of junit tests. The tests are not run when a
+release is built. There is separate command to run them.
+
+To run the testsuite use the following command:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant test
+
+It is advisable to redirect output of the above command to a file for later
+inspection.
+
+The JUnit reports generated by the tests will be written to the following
+directory:
+
+    output/build/logs
+
+
+By default the testsuite is run three times to test 3 different
+implementations of Tomcat connectors: BIO, NIO and APR. (If you are not
+familiar with Tomcat connectors, see config/http.html in documentation for
+details).
+
+The 3 runs are enabled and disabled individually by the following
+properties, which all are "true" by default:
+
+    execute.test.bio=true
+    execute.test.nio=true
+    execute.test.apr=true
+
+The APR connector can be tested only if Tomcat-Native library binaries are
+found by the testsuite. The "test.apr.loc" property specifies the directory
+where the library binaries are located.
+
+By default the "test.apr.loc" property specifies the following location:
+
+    output/build/bin/native/
+
+If you are on Windows and want to test the APR connector you can put the
+tcnative-1.dll file into ${tomcat.source}/bin/native/ and it will be copied
+into the above directory when the build runs.
+
+
+(7.2) Running a single test
+
+It is possible to run a single JUnit test class by adding the "test.entry"
+property to the build.properties file. The property specifies the name of
+the test class.
+
+For example:
+
+    test.entry=org.apache.catalina.util.TestServerInfo
+
+
+(7.3) Other configuration options
+
+ 1. It is possible to enable generation of access log file when the tests
+ are run. This is off by default and can be enabled by the following
+ property:
+
+        test.accesslog=true
+
+ The "access_log.<date>" file will be written to the same directory as
+ JUnit reports,
+
+        output/build/logs
+
+ 2. The testsuite respects logging configuration as configured by
+ ${tomcat.source}/conf/logging.properties
+
+ The log files will be written to the temporary directory used by the
+ tests,
+
+        output/test-tmp/logs
+
+ 3. It is possible to configure formatter used by JUnit reports. For
+ example the following property disables generation of separate report
+ files:
+
+        junit.formatter.usefile=false
+
+
+(8) Source code checks
+
+(8.1) Checkstyle
+
+* NOTE: Checkstyle is licensed under LGPL. Using Checkstyle during Tomcat
+  build is optional and is off by default.
+
+Tomcat comes with a Checkstyle configuration that tests its source code
+for certain conventions, like presence of the license header.
+
+To enable Checkstyle, add the following property to build.properties file:
+
+    execute.validate=true
+
+Once Checkstyle is enabled, the check will be performed automatically
+during the build. The check is run before compilation of the source code.
+
+To speed-up repeated runs of this check, a cache is configured. The cache
+is located in the following directory:
+
+    output/res/checkstyle
+
+It is possible to run the check separately by invoking the "validate"
+target. The command is:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant -Dexecute.validate=true validate
+
+
+(8.2) End-of-line conventions check
+
+You usually would not need to run this check. You can skip this section.
+
+Apache Tomcat project has convention that all of its textual source files,
+stored in Subversion repository, are marked with Subversion property
+"svn:eol-style" with value of "native". This convention makes the editing
+of source code on different platforms easier.
+
+This test is used by developers to check that the source code adheres to
+this convention. It verifies that the ends of lines in textual files are
+appropriate for the operating system where it is run. The idea is to run
+this check regularly on two different platforms and notify developers when
+an inconsistency is detected.
+
+The command to run this test is:
+
+    cd ${tomcat.source}
+    ant validate-eoln
diff --git a/webapps/docs/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/webapps/docs/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6681668
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+================================================================================
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+================================================================================
+
+$Id: RELEASE-NOTES 1189163 2011-10-26 12:19:26Z kkolinko $
+
+
+                     Apache Tomcat Version 7.0.42
+                            Release Notes
+
+
+=========
+CONTENTS:
+=========
+
+* Dependency Changes
+* API Stability
+* JNI Based Applications
+* Bundled APIs
+* Web application reloading and static fields in shared libraries
+* Tomcat on Linux
+* Enabling SSI and CGI Support
+* Security manager URLs
+* Symlinking static resources
+* Viewing the Tomcat Change Log
+* Cryptographic software notice
+* When all else fails
+
+
+===================
+Dependency Changes:
+===================
+Tomcat 7.0 is designed to run on Java SE 6 and later.
+
+In addition, Tomcat 7.0 uses the Eclipse JDT Java compiler for
+compiling JSP pages.  This means you no longer need to have the complete
+Java Development Kit (JDK) to run Tomcat, but a Java Runtime Environment
+(JRE) is sufficient.  The Eclipse JDT Java compiler is bundled with the
+binary Tomcat distributions.  Tomcat can also be configured to use the
+compiler from the JDK to compile JSPs, or any other Java compiler supported
+by Apache Ant.
+
+
+==============
+API Stability:
+==============
+The public interfaces for the following classes are fixed and will not be
+changed at all during the remaining lifetime of the 7.x series:
+- javax/**/*
+
+The public interfaces for the following classes may be added to in order to
+resolve bugs and/or add new features. No existing interface will be removed or
+changed although it may be deprecated.
+- org/apache/catalina/*
+- org/apache/catalina/comet/*
+
+Note: As Tomcat 7 matures, the above list will be added to. The list is not
+      considered complete at this time.
+
+The remaining classes are considered part of the Tomcat internals and may change
+without notice between point releases.
+
+
+=======================
+JNI Based Applications:
+=======================
+Applications that require native libraries must ensure that the libraries have
+been loaded prior to use.  Typically, this is done with a call like:
+
+  static {
+    System.loadLibrary("path-to-library-file");
+  }
+
+in some class.  However, the application must also ensure that the library is
+not loaded more than once.  If the above code were placed in a class inside
+the web application (i.e. under /WEB-INF/classes or /WEB-INF/lib), and the
+application were reloaded, the loadLibrary() call would be attempted a second
+time.
+
+To avoid this problem, place classes that load native libraries outside of the
+web application, and ensure that the loadLibrary() call is executed only once
+during the lifetime of a particular JVM.
+
+
+=============
+Bundled APIs:
+=============
+A standard installation of Tomcat 7.0 makes all of the following APIs available
+for use by web applications (by placing them in "lib"):
+* annotations-api.jar (Annotations package)
+* catalina.jar (Tomcat Catalina implementation)
+* catalina-ant.jar (Tomcat Catalina Ant tasks)
+* catalina-ha.jar (High availability package)
+* catalina-tribes.jar (Group communication)
+* ecj-4.2.2.jar (Eclipse JDT Java compiler)
+* el-api.jar (EL 2.2 API)
+* jasper.jar (Jasper 2 Compiler and Runtime)
+* jasper-el.jar (Jasper 2 EL implementation)
+* jsp-api.jar (JSP 2.2 API)
+* servlet-api.jar (Servlet 3.0 API)
+* tomcat-api.jar (Interfaces shared by Catalina and Jasper)
+* tomcat-coyote.jar (Tomcat connectors and utility classes)
+* tomcat-dbcp.jar (package renamed database connection pool based on Commons DBCP)
+
+You can make additional APIs available to all of your web applications by
+putting unpacked classes into a "classes" directory (not created by default),
+or by placing them in JAR files in the "lib" directory.
+
+To override the XML parser implementation or interfaces, use the endorsed
+mechanism of the JVM. The default configuration defines JARs located in
+"endorsed" as endorsed.
+
+
+================================================================
+Web application reloading and static fields in shared libraries:
+================================================================
+Some shared libraries (many are part of the JDK) keep references to objects
+instantiated by the web application. To avoid class loading related problems
+(ClassCastExceptions, messages indicating that the classloader
+is stopped, etc.), the shared libraries state should be reinitialized.
+
+Something which might help is to avoid putting classes which would be
+referenced by a shared static field in the web application classloader,
+and putting them in the shared classloader instead (JARs should be put in the
+"lib" folder, and classes should be put in the "classes" folder).
+
+
+================
+Tomcat on Linux:
+================
+GLIBC 2.2 / Linux 2.4 users should define an environment variable:
+export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.2.5
+
+Redhat Linux 9.0 users should use the following setting to avoid
+stability problems:
+export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1
+
+There are some Linux bugs reported against the NIO sendfile behavior, make sure you
+have a JDK that is up to date, or disable sendfile behavior in the Connector.<br/>
+6427312: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo() throws IOException "system call interrupted"<br/>
+5103988: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo should return -1 for EAGAIN instead throws IOException<br/>
+6253145: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo on Linux fails when going beyond 2GB boundary<br/>
+6470086: (fc) FileChannel.transferTo(2147483647, 1, channel) cause "Value too large" exception<br/>
+
+
+=============================
+Enabling SSI and CGI Support:
+=============================
+Because of the security risks associated with CGI and SSI available
+to web applications, these features are disabled by default.  
+
+To enable and configure CGI support, please see the cgi-howto.html page.
+
+To enable and configue SSI support, please see the ssi-howto.html page.
+
+
+======================
+Security manager URLs:
+======================
+In order to grant security permissions to JARs located inside the
+web application repository, use URLs of of the following format
+in your policy file:
+
+file:${catalina.base}/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/driver.jar
+
+
+============================
+Symlinking static resources:
+============================
+By default, Unix symlinks will not work when used in a web application to link
+resources located outside the web application root directory.
+
+This behavior is optional, and the "allowLinking" flag may be used to disable
+the check.
+
+
+==============================
+Viewing the Tomcat Change Log:
+==============================
+See changelog.html in this directory.
+
+
+=============================
+Cryptographic software notice
+=============================
+This distribution includes cryptographic software.  The country in
+which you currently reside may have restrictions on the import,
+possession, use, and/or re-export to another country, of
+encryption software.  BEFORE using any encryption software, please
+check your country's laws, regulations and policies concerning the
+import, possession, or use, and re-export of encryption software, to
+see if this is permitted.  See <http://www.wassenaar.org/> for more
+information.
+
+The U.S. Government Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and
+Security (BIS), has classified this software as Export Commodity
+Control Number (ECCN) 5D002.C.1, which includes information security
+software using or performing cryptographic functions with asymmetric
+algorithms.  The form and manner of this Apache Software Foundation
+distribution makes it eligible for export under the License Exception
+ENC Technology Software Unrestricted (TSU) exception (see the BIS
+Export Administration Regulations, Section 740.13) for both object
+code and source code.
+
+The following provides more details on the included cryptographic
+software:
+  - Tomcat includes code designed to work with JSSE
+  - Tomcat includes code designed to work with OpenSSL
+
+
+====================
+When all else fails:
+====================
+See the FAQ
+http://tomcat.apache.org/faq/
diff --git a/webapps/docs/RUNNING.txt b/webapps/docs/RUNNING.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a17549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/RUNNING.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+================================================================================
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+================================================================================
+
+$Id: RUNNING.txt 1456725 2013-03-14 23:48:06Z kkolinko $
+
+            ===================================================
+            Running The Apache Tomcat 7.0 Servlet/JSP Container
+            ===================================================
+
+Apache Tomcat 7.0 requires a Java Standard Edition Runtime
+Environment (JRE) version 6 or later.
+
+=============================
+Running With JRE 6 Or Later
+=============================
+
+(1) Download and Install a Java SE Runtime Environment (JRE)
+
+(1.1) Download a Java SE Runtime Environment (JRE),
+      release version 6 or later, from
+      http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
+
+(1.2) Install the JRE according to the instructions included with the
+      release.
+
+      You may also use a full Java Development Kit (JDK) rather than just
+      a JRE.
+
+
+(2) Download and Install Apache Tomcat
+
+(2.1) Download a binary distribution of Tomcat from:
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/
+
+(2.2) Unpack the binary distribution so that it resides in its own
+      directory (conventionally named "apache-tomcat-[version]").
+
+      For the purposes of the remainder of this document, the name
+      "CATALINA_HOME" is used to refer to the full pathname of that
+      directory.
+
+NOTE:  As an alternative to downloading a binary distribution, you can
+create your own from the Tomcat source code, as described in
+"BUILDING.txt".  You can either
+
+  a)  Do the full "release" build and find the created distribution in the
+      "output/release" directory and then proceed with unpacking as above, or
+
+  b)  Do a simple build and use the "output/build" directory as
+      "CATALINA_HOME".  Be warned that there are some differences between the
+      contents of the "output/build" directory and a full "release"
+      distribution.
+
+
+(3) Configure Environment Variables
+
+Tomcat is a Java application and does not use environment variables. The
+variables are used by the Tomcat startup scripts. The scripts use the variables
+to prepare the command that starts Tomcat.
+
+(3.1) Set CATALINA_HOME (required) and CATALINA_BASE (optional)
+
+The CATALINA_HOME environment variable should be set to the location of the
+root directory of the "binary" distribution of Tomcat.
+
+An example was given in (2.2) above.
+
+The Tomcat startup scripts have some logic to set this variable
+automatically if it is absent, based on the location of the startup script
+in *nix and on the current directory in Windows. That logic might not work
+in all circumstances, so setting the variable explicitly is recommended.
+
+The CATALINA_BASE environment variable specifies location of the root
+directory of the "active configuration" of Tomcat. It is optional. It
+defaults to be equal to CATALINA_HOME.
+
+Using distinct values for the CATALINA_HOME and CATALINA_BASE variables is
+recommended to simplify further upgrades and maintenance. It is documented
+in the "Multiple Tomcat Instances" section below.
+
+
+(3.2) Set JRE_HOME or JAVA_HOME (required)
+
+These variables are used to specify location of a Java Runtime
+Environment or of a Java Development Kit that is used to start Tomcat.
+
+The JRE_HOME variable is used to specify location of a JRE. The JAVA_HOME
+variable is used to specify location of a JDK.
+
+Using JAVA_HOME provides access to certain additional startup options that
+are not allowed when JRE_HOME is used.
+
+If both JRE_HOME and JAVA_HOME are specified, JRE_HOME is used.
+
+The recommended place to specify these variables is a "setenv" script. See
+below.
+
+
+(3.3) Other variables (optional)
+
+Other environment variables exist, besides the four described above.
+See the comments at the top of catalina.bat or catalina.sh scripts for
+the list and a description of each of them.
+
+One frequently used variable is CATALINA_OPTS. It allows specification of
+additional options for the java command that starts Tomcat.
+
+See the Java documentation for the options that affect the Java Runtime
+Environment.
+
+See the "System Properties" page in the Tomcat Configuration Reference for
+the system properties that are specific to Tomcat.
+
+A similar variable is JAVA_OPTS. It is used less frequently. It allows
+specification of options that are used both to start and to stop Tomcat as well
+as for other commands.
+
+Note: Do not use JAVA_OPTS to specify memory limits. You do not need much
+memory for a small process that is used to stop Tomcat. Those settings
+belong to CATALINA_OPTS.
+
+Another frequently used variable is CATALINA_PID (on *nix only). It
+specifies the location of the file where process id of the forked Tomcat
+java process will be written. This setting is optional. It will enable the
+following features:
+
+ *  better protection against duplicate start attempts and
+ *  allows forceful termination of Tomcat process when it does not react to
+    the standard shutdown command.
+
+
+(3.4) Using the "setenv" script (optional, recommended)
+
+Apart from CATALINA_HOME and CATALINA_BASE, all environment variables can
+be specified in the "setenv" script. The script is placed either into
+CATALINA_BASE/bin or into CATALINA_HOME/bin directory and is named
+setenv.bat (on Windows) or setenv.sh (on *nix). The file has to be
+readable.
+
+By default the setenv script file is absent. If the script file is present
+both in CATALINA_BASE and in CATALINA_HOME, the one in CATALINA_BASE is
+preferred.
+
+For example, to configure the JRE_HOME and CATALINA_PID variables you can
+create the following script file:
+
+On Windows, %CATALINA_BASE%\bin\setenv.bat:
+
+  set "JRE_HOME=%ProgramFiles%\Java\jre6"
+  exit /b 0
+
+On *nix, $CATALINA_BASE/bin/setenv.sh:
+
+  JRE_HOME=/usr/java/latest
+  CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/tomcat.pid"
+
+
+The CATALINA_HOME and CATALINA_BASE variables cannot be configured in the
+setenv script, because they are used to locate that file.
+
+All the environment variables described here and the "setenv" script are
+used only if you use the standard scripts to launch Tomcat. For example, if
+you have installed Tomcat as a service on Windows, the service wrapper
+launches Java directly and does not use the script files.
+
+
+(4) Start Up Tomcat
+
+(4.1) Tomcat can be started by executing one of the following commands:
+
+  On Windows:
+
+      %CATALINA_HOME%\bin\startup.bat
+
+    or
+
+      %CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat start
+
+  On *nix:
+
+      $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
+
+    or
+
+      $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh start
+
+(4.2) After startup, the default web applications included with Tomcat will be
+      available by visiting:
+
+      http://localhost:8080/
+
+(4.3) Further information about configuring and running Tomcat can be found in
+      the documentation included here, as well as on the Tomcat web site:
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/
+
+
+(5) Shut Down Tomcat
+
+(5.1) Tomcat can be shut down by executing one of the following commands:
+
+  On Windows:
+
+      %CATALINA_HOME%\bin\shutdown.bat
+
+    or
+
+      %CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat stop
+
+  On *nix:
+
+      $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
+
+    or
+
+      $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh stop
+
+==================================================
+Advanced Configuration - Multiple Tomcat Instances
+==================================================
+
+In many circumstances, it is desirable to have a single copy of a Tomcat
+binary distribution shared among multiple users on the same server.  To make
+this possible, you can set the CATALINA_BASE environment variable to the
+directory that contains the files for your 'personal' Tomcat instance.
+
+When running with a separate CATALINA_HOME and CATALINA_BASE, the files
+and directories are split as following:
+
+In CATALINA_BASE:
+
+ * bin  - Only the following files:
+
+           * setenv.sh (*nix) or setenv.bat (Windows),
+           * tomcat-juli.jar
+
+          The setenv scripts were described above. The tomcat-juli library
+          is documented in the Logging chapter in the User Guide.
+
+ * conf - Server configuration files (including server.xml)
+
+ * lib  - Libraries and classes, as explained below
+
+ * logs - Log and output files
+
+ * webapps - Automatically loaded web applications
+
+ * work - Temporary working directories for web applications
+
+ * temp - Directory used by the JVM for temporary files (java.io.tmpdir)
+
+
+In CATALINA_HOME:
+
+ * bin  - Startup and shutdown scripts
+
+          The following files will be used only if they are absent in
+          CATALINA_BASE/bin:
+
+          setenv.sh (*nix), setenv.bat (Windows), tomcat-juli.jar
+
+ * lib  - Libraries and classes, as explained below
+
+ * endorsed - Libraries that override standard "Endorsed Standards"
+              libraries provided by JRE. See Classloading documentation
+              in the User Guide for details.
+
+              By default this "endorsed" directory is absent.
+
+In the default configuration the JAR libraries and classes both in
+CATALINA_BASE/lib and in CATALINA_HOME/lib will be added to the common
+classpath, but the ones in CATALINA_BASE will be added first and thus will
+be searched first.
+
+The idea is that you may leave the standard Tomcat libraries in
+CATALINA_HOME/lib and add other ones such as database drivers into
+CATALINA_BASE/lib.
+
+In general it is advised to never share libraries between web applications,
+but put them into WEB-INF/lib directories inside the applications. See
+Classloading documentation in the User Guide for details.
+
+
+It might be useful to note that the values of CATALINA_HOME and
+CATALINA_BASE can be referenced in the XML configuration files processed
+by Tomcat as ${catalina.home} and ${catalina.base} respectively.
+
+For example, the standard manager web application can be kept in
+CATALINA_HOME/webapps/manager and loaded into CATALINA_BASE by using
+the following trick:
+
+ * Copy the CATALINA_HOME/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
+   file as CATALINA_BASE/conf/Catalina/localhost/manager.xml
+
+ * Add docBase attribute as shown below.
+
+The file will look like the following:
+
+  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+  <Context docBase="${catalina.home}/webapps/manager"
+    antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
+    <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+         allow="127\.0\.0\.1" />
+  </Context>
+
+See Deployer chapter in User Guide and Context and Host chapters in the
+Configuration Reference for more information on contexts and web
+application deployment.
+
+
+================
+Troubleshooting
+================
+
+There are only really 2 things likely to go wrong during the stand-alone
+Tomcat install:
+
+(1) The most common hiccup is when another web server (or any process for that
+    matter) has laid claim to port 8080.  This is the default HTTP port that
+    Tomcat attempts to bind to at startup.  To change this, open the file:
+
+       $CATALINA_HOME/conf/server.xml
+
+    and search for '8080'.  Change it to a port that isn't in use, and is
+    greater than 1024, as ports less than or equal to 1024 require superuser
+    access to bind under UNIX.
+
+    Restart Tomcat and you're in business.  Be sure that you replace the "8080"
+    in the URL you're using to access Tomcat.  For example, if you change the
+    port to 1977, you would request the URL http://localhost:1977/ in your
+    browser.
+
+(2) The 'localhost' machine isn't found.  This could happen if you're behind a
+    proxy.  If that's the case, make sure the proxy configuration for your
+    browser knows that you shouldn't be going through the proxy to access the
+    "localhost".
+
+    In Firefox, this is under Tools/Preferences -> Advanced/Network ->
+    Connection -> Settings..., and in Internet Explorer it is Tools ->
+    Internet Options -> Connections -> LAN Settings.
+
+
+====================
+Optional Components
+====================
+
+The following optional components may be included with the Apache Tomcat binary
+distribution. If they are not included, you can install them separately.
+
+ 1. Apache Tomcat Native library
+
+ 2. Apache Commons Daemon service launcher
+
+Both of them are implemented in C language and as such have to be compiled
+into binary code. The binary code will be specific for a platform and CPU
+architecture and it must match the Java Runtime Environment executables
+that will be used to launch Tomcat.
+
+The Windows-specific binary distributions of Apache Tomcat include binary
+files for these components. On other platforms you would have to look for
+binary versions elsewhere or compile them yourself.
+
+If you are new to Tomcat, do not bother with these components to start with.
+If you do use them, do not forget to read their documentation.
+
+
+Apache Tomcat Native library
+-----------------------------
+
+It is a library that allows to use the "Apr" variant of HTTP and AJP
+protocol connectors in Apache Tomcat. It is built around OpenSSL and Apache
+Portable Runtime (APR) libraries. Those are the same libraries as used by
+Apache HTTPD Server project.
+
+This feature was especially important in the old days when Java performance
+was poor. It is less important nowadays, but it is still used and respected
+by many. See Tomcat documentation for more details.
+
+For further reading:
+
+ - Apache Tomcat documentation
+
+    * Documentation for APR/Native library in the Tomcat User's Guide
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/apr.html
+
+    * Documentation for the HTTP and AJP protocol connectors in the Tomcat
+      Configuration Reference
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/http.html
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/ajp.html
+
+ - Apache Tomcat Native project home
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/native-doc/
+
+ - Other projects
+
+    * OpenSSL
+
+      http://openssl.org/
+
+    * Apache Portable Runtime
+
+      http://apr.apache.org/
+
+    * Apache HTTP Server
+
+      http://httpd.apache.org/
+
+To disable Apache Tomcat Native library:
+
+ - To disable Apache Tomcat Native library when it is installed, or
+ - To remove the warning that is logged during Tomcat startup when the
+   library is not installed:
+
+   Edit the "conf/server.xml" file and remove "AprLifecycleListener" from
+   it.
+
+The binary file of Apache Tomcat Native library is usually named
+
+  - "tcnative-1.dll" on Windows
+  - "libtcnative-1.so" on *nix systems
+
+
+Apache Commons Daemon
+----------------------
+
+Apache Commons Daemon project provides wrappers that can be used to
+install Apache Tomcat as a service on Windows or as a daemon on *nix
+systems.
+
+The Windows-specific implementation of Apache Commons Daemon is called
+"procrun". The *nix-specific one is called "jsvc".
+
+For further reading:
+
+ - Apache Commons Daemon project
+
+      http://commons.apache.org/daemon/
+
+ - Apache Tomcat documentation
+
+    * Installing Apache Tomcat
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/setup.html
+
+    * Windows service HOW-TO
+
+      http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/windows-service-howto.html
+
+The binary files of Apache Commons Daemon in Apache Tomcat distributions
+for Windows are named:
+
+  - "tomcat7.exe"
+  - "tomcat7w.exe"
+
+These files are renamed copies of "prunsrv.exe" and "prunmgr.exe" from
+Apache Commons Daemon distribution. The file names have a meaning: they are
+used as the service name to register the service in Windows, as well as the
+key name to store distinct configuration for this installation of
+"procrun". If you would like to install several instances of Tomcat 7.0
+in parallel, you have to further rename those files, using the same naming
+scheme.
diff --git a/webapps/docs/WEB-INF/web.xml b/webapps/docs/WEB-INF/web.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd51ceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/WEB-INF/web.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
+  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
+                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
+  version="3.0"
+  metadata-complete="true">
+
+  <display-name>Tomcat Documentation</display-name>
+  <description>
+     Tomcat Documentation.
+  </description>
+</web-app>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/aio.html b/webapps/docs/aio.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ef691b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/aio.html
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Advanced IO and Tomcat</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Advanced IO and Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Comet_support">Comet support</a><ol><li><a href="#CometEvent">CometEvent</a></li><li><a href="#CometFilter">CometFilter</a></li><li><a href="#Example_code">Example code</a></li><li><a href="#Comet_timeouts">Comet timeouts</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Asynchronous_writes">Asynchronous writes</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    With usage of APR or NIO APIs as the basis of its connectors, Tomcat is
+    able to provide a number of extensions over the regular blocking IO
+    as provided with support for the Servlet API.
+  </p>
+
+  <p>
+    <b>IMPORTANT NOTE: Usage of these features requires using the APR or NIO
+    HTTP connectors. The classic java.io HTTP connector and the AJP connectors
+    do not support them.</b>
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Comet support"><!--()--></a><a name="Comet_support"><strong>Comet support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    Comet support allows a servlet to process IO asynchronously, receiving
+    events when data is available for reading on the connection (rather than
+    always using a blocking read), and writing data back on connections
+    asynchronously (most likely responding to some event raised from some
+    other source).
+  </p>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CometEvent"><strong>CometEvent</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    Servlets which implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.comet.CometProcessor</code>
+    interface will have their event method invoked rather than the usual service
+    method, according to the event which occurred. The event object gives
+    access to the usual request and response objects, which may be used in the
+    usual way. The main difference is that those objects remain valid and fully
+    functional at any time between processing of the BEGIN event until processing
+    an END or ERROR event.
+    The following event types exist:
+  </p>
+
+  <ul>
+  <li>EventType.BEGIN: will be called at the beginning
+     of the processing of the connection. It can be used to initialize any relevant
+     fields using the request and response objects. Between the end of the processing
+     of this event, and the beginning of the processing of the end or error events,
+     it is possible to use the response object to write data on the open connection.
+     Note that the response object and dependent OutputStream and Writer are still
+     not synchronized, so when they are accessed by multiple threads,
+     synchronization is mandatory. After processing the initial event, the request
+     is considered to be committed.</li>
+  <li>EventType.READ: This indicates that input data is available, and that one read can be made
+       without blocking. The available and ready methods of the InputStream or
+       Reader may be used to determine if there is a risk of blocking: the servlet
+       should read while data is reported available. When encountering a read error,
+       the servlet should report it by propagating the exception properly. Throwing
+       an exception will cause the error event to be invoked, and the connection
+       will be closed.
+       Alternately, it is also possible to catch any exception, perform clean up
+       on any data structure the servlet may be using, and using the close method
+       of the event. It is not allowed to attempt reading data from the request
+       object outside of the execution of this method.<br>
+       On some platforms, like Windows, a client disconnect is indicated by a READ event.
+       Reading from the stream may result in -1, an IOException or an EOFException.
+       Make sure you properly handle all these three cases.
+       If you don't catch the IOException, Tomcat will instantly invoke your event chain with an ERROR as
+       it catches the error for you, and you will be notified of the error at that time.
+  </li>
+  <li>EventType.END: End may be called to end the processing of the request. Fields that have
+     been initialized in the begin method should be reset. After this event has
+     been processed, the request and response objects, as well as all their dependent
+     objects will be recycled and used to process other requests. End will also be
+     called when data is available and the end of file is reached on the request input
+     (this usually indicates the client has pipelined a request).</li>
+  <li>EventType.ERROR: Error will be called by the container in the case where an IO exception
+     or a similar unrecoverable error occurs on the connection. Fields that have
+     been initialized in the begin method should be reset. After this event has
+     been processed, the request and response objects, as well as all their dependent
+     objects will be recycled and used to process other requests.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>
+    There are some event subtypes which allow finer processing of events (note: some of these
+    events require usage of the org.apache.catalina.valves.CometConnectionManagerValve valve):
+  </p>
+
+  <ul>
+  <li>EventSubType.TIMEOUT: The connection timed out (sub type of ERROR); note that this ERROR
+    type is not fatal, and the connection will not be closed unless the servlet uses the close
+    method of the event.
+  </li>
+  <li>EventSubType.CLIENT_DISCONNECT: The client connection was closed (sub type of ERROR).
+  </li>
+  <li>EventSubType.IOEXCEPTION: An IO exception occurred, such as invalid content, for example,
+    an invalid chunk block (sub type of ERROR).
+  </li>
+  <li>EventSubType.WEBAPP_RELOAD: The web application is being reloaded (sub type of END).
+  </li>
+  <li>EventSubType.SESSION_END: The servlet ended the session (sub type of END).
+  </li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>
+    As described above, the typical lifecycle of a Comet request will consist in a series of
+    events such as: BEGIN -&gt; READ -&gt; READ -&gt; READ -&gt; ERROR/TIMEOUT. At any time, the servlet
+    may end processing of the request by using the close method of the event object.
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CometFilter"><strong>CometFilter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    Similar to regular filters, a filter chain is invoked when comet events are processed.
+    These filters should implement the CometFilter interface (which works in the same way as
+    the regular Filter interface), and should be declared and mapped in the deployment
+    descriptor in the same way as a regular filter. The filter chain when processing an event
+    will only include filters which match all the usual mapping rules, and also implement
+    the CometFiler interface.
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Example code"><!--()--></a><a name="Example_code"><strong>Example code</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    The following pseudo code servlet implements asynchronous chat functionality using the API
+    described above:
+  </p>
+
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+public class ChatServlet
+    extends HttpServlet implements CometProcessor {
+
+    protected ArrayList&lt;HttpServletResponse&gt; connections =
+        new ArrayList&lt;HttpServletResponse&gt;();
+    protected MessageSender messageSender = null;
+
+    public void init() throws ServletException {
+        messageSender = new MessageSender();
+        Thread messageSenderThread =
+            new Thread(messageSender, "MessageSender[" + getServletContext().getContextPath() + "]");
+        messageSenderThread.setDaemon(true);
+        messageSenderThread.start();
+    }
+
+    public void destroy() {
+        connections.clear();
+        messageSender.stop();
+        messageSender = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process the given Comet event.
+     *
+     * @param event The Comet event that will be processed
+     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws ServletException
+     */
+    public void event(CometEvent event)
+        throws IOException, ServletException {
+        HttpServletRequest request = event.getHttpServletRequest();
+        HttpServletResponse response = event.getHttpServletResponse();
+        if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.BEGIN) {
+            log("Begin for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+            PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
+            writer.println("&lt;!doctype html public \"-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en\"&gt;");
+            writer.println("&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;JSP Chat&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;body bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\"&gt;");
+            writer.flush();
+            synchronized(connections) {
+                connections.add(response);
+            }
+        } else if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.ERROR) {
+            log("Error for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+            synchronized(connections) {
+                connections.remove(response);
+            }
+            event.close();
+        } else if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.END) {
+            log("End for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+            synchronized(connections) {
+                connections.remove(response);
+            }
+            PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
+            writer.println("&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;");
+            event.close();
+        } else if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.READ) {
+            InputStream is = request.getInputStream();
+            byte[] buf = new byte[512];
+            do {
+                int n = is.read(buf); //can throw an IOException
+                if (n &gt; 0) {
+                    log("Read " + n + " bytes: " + new String(buf, 0, n)
+                            + " for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+                } else if (n &lt; 0) {
+                    error(event, request, response);
+                    return;
+                }
+            } while (is.available() &gt; 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class MessageSender implements Runnable {
+
+        protected boolean running = true;
+        protected ArrayList&lt;String&gt; messages = new ArrayList&lt;String&gt;();
+
+        public MessageSender() {
+        }
+
+        public void stop() {
+            running = false;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Add message for sending.
+         */
+        public void send(String user, String message) {
+            synchronized (messages) {
+                messages.add("[" + user + "]: " + message);
+                messages.notify();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void run() {
+
+            while (running) {
+
+                if (messages.size() == 0) {
+                    try {
+                        synchronized (messages) {
+                            messages.wait();
+                        }
+                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                        // Ignore
+                    }
+                }
+
+                synchronized (connections) {
+                    String[] pendingMessages = null;
+                    synchronized (messages) {
+                        pendingMessages = messages.toArray(new String[0]);
+                        messages.clear();
+                    }
+                    // Send any pending message on all the open connections
+                    for (int i = 0; i &lt; connections.size(); i++) {
+                        try {
+                            PrintWriter writer = connections.get(i).getWriter();
+                            for (int j = 0; j &lt; pendingMessages.length; j++) {
+                                writer.println(pendingMessages[j] + "&lt;br&gt;");
+                            }
+                            writer.flush();
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            log("IOExeption sending message", e);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+            }
+
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Comet timeouts"><!--()--></a><a name="Comet_timeouts"><strong>Comet timeouts</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>If you are using the NIO connector, you can set individual timeouts for your different comet connections.
+       To set a timeout, simply set a request attribute like the following code shows:
+       <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>CometEvent event.... event.setTimeout(30*1000);</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div> or
+       <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>event.getHttpServletRequest().setAttribute("org.apache.tomcat.comet.timeout", new Integer(30 * 1000));</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+       This sets the timeout to 30 seconds.
+       Important note: in order to set this timeout, it has to be done on the <code>BEGIN</code> event.
+       The default value is <code>soTimeout</code>
+    </p>
+    <p>If you are using the APR connector, all Comet connections will have the same timeout value. It is <code>soTimeout*50</code>
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Asynchronous writes"><!--()--></a><a name="Asynchronous_writes"><strong>Asynchronous writes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    When APR or NIO is enabled, Tomcat supports using sendfile to send large static files.
+    These writes, as soon as the system load increases, will be performed
+    asynchronously in the most efficient way. Instead of sending a large response using
+    blocking writes, it is possible to write content to a static file, and write it
+    using a sendfile code. A caching valve could take advantage of this to cache the
+    response data in a file rather than store it in memory. Sendfile support is
+    available if the request attribute <code>org.apache.tomcat.sendfile.support</code>
+    is set to <code>Boolean.TRUE</code>.
+  </p>
+
+  <p>
+    Any servlet can instruct Tomcat to perform a sendfile call by setting the appropriate
+    request attributes. It is also necessary to correctly set the content length
+    for the response. When using sendfile, it is best to ensure that neither the
+    request or response have been wrapped, since as the response body will be sent later
+    by the connector itself, it cannot be filtered. Other than setting the 3 needed
+    request attributes, the servlet should not send any response data, but it may use
+    any method which will result in modifying the response header (like setting cookies).
+  </p>
+
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>org.apache.tomcat.sendfile.filename</code>: Canonical filename of the file which will be sent as
+      a String</li>
+  <li><code>org.apache.tomcat.sendfile.start</code>: Start offset as a Long</li>
+  <li><code>org.apache.tomcat.sendfile.end</code>: End offset as a Long</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/aio.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/api/index.html b/webapps/docs/api/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1918dee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/api/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+    <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+    <title>API docs</title>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+
+Tomcat's internal javadoc is not installed by default. Download and install
+the "fulldocs" package to get it.
+
+You can also access the javadoc online in the Tomcat
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/">
+documentation bundle</a>.
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/build.xml.txt b/webapps/docs/appdev/build.xml.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ce7d20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/build.xml.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,514 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<!--
+     General purpose build script for web applications and web services,
+     including enhanced support for deploying directly to a Tomcat 6
+     based server.
+
+     This build script assumes that the source code of your web application
+     is organized into the following subdirectories underneath the source
+     code directory from which you execute the build script:
+
+        docs                 Static documentation files to be copied to
+                             the "docs" subdirectory of your distribution.
+
+        src                  Java source code (and associated resource files)
+                             to be compiled to the "WEB-INF/classes"
+                             subdirectory of your web application.
+
+        web                  Static HTML, JSP, and other content (such as
+                             image files), including the WEB-INF subdirectory
+                             and its configuration file contents.
+
+     $Id: build.xml.txt 1200125 2011-11-10 04:05:48Z kkolinko $
+-->
+
+
+<!-- A "project" describes a set of targets that may be requested
+     when Ant is executed.  The "default" attribute defines the
+     target which is executed if no specific target is requested,
+     and the "basedir" attribute defines the current working directory
+     from which Ant executes the requested task.  This is normally
+     set to the current working directory.
+-->
+
+<project name="My Project" default="compile" basedir=".">
+
+
+
+<!-- ===================== Property Definitions =========================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  Each of the following properties are used in the build script.
+  Values for these properties are set by the first place they are
+  defined, from the following list:
+
+  * Definitions on the "ant" command line (ant -Dfoo=bar compile).
+
+  * Definitions from a "build.properties" file in the top level
+    source directory of this application.
+
+  * Definitions from a "build.properties" file in the developer's
+    home directory.
+
+  * Default definitions in this build.xml file.
+
+  You will note below that property values can be composed based on the
+  contents of previously defined properties.  This is a powerful technique
+  that helps you minimize the number of changes required when your development
+  environment is modified.  Note that property composition is allowed within
+  "build.properties" files as well as in the "build.xml" script.
+
+-->
+
+  <property file="build.properties"/>
+  <property file="${user.home}/build.properties"/>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== File and Directory Names ======================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  These properties generally define file and directory names (or paths) that
+  affect where the build process stores its outputs.
+
+  app.name             Base name of this application, used to
+                       construct filenames and directories.
+                       Defaults to "myapp".
+
+  app.path             Context path to which this application should be
+                       deployed (defaults to "/" plus the value of the
+                       "app.name" property).
+
+  app.version          Version number of this iteration of the application.
+
+  build.home           The directory into which the "prepare" and
+                       "compile" targets will generate their output.
+                       Defaults to "build".
+
+  catalina.home        The directory in which you have installed
+                       a binary distribution of Tomcat 6.  This will
+                       be used by the "deploy" target.
+
+  dist.home            The name of the base directory in which
+                       distribution files are created.
+                       Defaults to "dist".
+
+  manager.password     The login password of a user that is assigned the
+                       "manager-script" role (so that he or she can execute
+                       commands via the "/manager" web application)
+
+  manager.url          The URL of the "/manager" web application on the
+                       Tomcat installation to which we will deploy web
+                       applications and web services.
+
+  manager.username     The login username of a user that is assigned the
+                       "manager-script" role (so that he or she can execute
+                       commands via the "/manager" web application)
+
+-->
+
+  <property name="app.name"      value="myapp"/>
+  <property name="app.path"      value="/${app.name}"/>
+  <property name="app.version"   value="0.1-dev"/>
+  <property name="build.home"    value="${basedir}/build"/>
+  <property name="catalina.home" value="../../../.."/> <!-- UPDATE THIS! -->
+  <property name="dist.home"     value="${basedir}/dist"/>
+  <property name="docs.home"     value="${basedir}/docs"/>
+  <property name="manager.url"   value="http://localhost:8080/manager/text"/>
+  <property name="src.home"      value="${basedir}/src"/>
+  <property name="web.home"      value="${basedir}/web"/>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== External Dependencies =========================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  Use property values to define the locations of external JAR files on which
+  your application will depend.  In general, these values will be used for
+  two purposes:
+  * Inclusion on the classpath that is passed to the Javac compiler
+  * Being copied into the "/WEB-INF/lib" directory during execution
+    of the "deploy" target.
+
+  Because we will automatically include all of the Java classes that Tomcat 6
+  exposes to web applications, we will not need to explicitly list any of those
+  dependencies.  You only need to worry about external dependencies for JAR
+  files that you are going to include inside your "/WEB-INF/lib" directory.
+
+-->
+
+<!-- Dummy external dependency -->
+<!--
+  <property name="foo.jar"
+           value="/path/to/foo.jar"/>
+-->
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Compilation Classpath =========================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  Rather than relying on the CLASSPATH environment variable, Ant includes
+  features that makes it easy to dynamically construct the classpath you
+  need for each compilation.  The example below constructs the compile
+  classpath to include the servlet.jar file, as well as the other components
+  that Tomcat makes available to web applications automatically, plus anything
+  that you explicitly added.
+
+-->
+
+  <path id="compile.classpath">
+
+    <!-- Include all JAR files that will be included in /WEB-INF/lib -->
+    <!-- *** CUSTOMIZE HERE AS REQUIRED BY YOUR APPLICATION *** -->
+<!--
+    <pathelement location="${foo.jar}"/>
+-->
+
+    <!-- Include all elements that Tomcat exposes to applications -->
+    <fileset dir="${catalina.home}/bin">
+      <include name="*.jar"/>
+    </fileset>
+    <pathelement location="${catalina.home}/lib"/>
+    <fileset dir="${catalina.home}/lib">
+      <include name="*.jar"/>
+    </fileset>
+
+  </path>
+
+
+
+<!-- ================== Custom Ant Task Definitions ======================= -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  These properties define custom tasks for the Ant build tool that interact
+  with the "/manager" web application installed with Tomcat 6.  Before they
+  can be successfully utilized, you must perform the following steps:
+
+  - Copy the file "lib/catalina-ant.jar" from your Tomcat 6
+    installation into the "lib" directory of your Ant installation.
+
+  - Create a "build.properties" file in your application's top-level
+    source directory (or your user login home directory) that defines
+    appropriate values for the "manager.password", "manager.url", and
+    "manager.username" properties described above.
+
+  For more information about the Manager web application, and the functionality
+  of these tasks, see <http://localhost:8080/tomcat-docs/manager-howto.html>.
+
+-->
+
+  <taskdef resource="org/apache/catalina/ant/catalina.tasks"
+           classpathref="compile.classpath"/>
+
+
+<!--  ==================== Compilation Control Options ==================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  These properties control option settings on the Javac compiler when it
+  is invoked using the <javac> task.
+
+  compile.debug        Should compilation include the debug option?
+
+  compile.deprecation  Should compilation include the deprecation option?
+
+  compile.optimize     Should compilation include the optimize option?
+
+-->
+
+  <property name="compile.debug"       value="true"/>
+  <property name="compile.deprecation" value="false"/>
+  <property name="compile.optimize"    value="true"/>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== All Target ====================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "all" target is a shortcut for running the "clean" target followed
+  by the "compile" target, to force a complete recompile.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="all" depends="clean,compile"
+   description="Clean build and dist directories, then compile"/>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Clean Target ==================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "clean" target deletes any previous "build" and "dist" directory,
+  so that you can be ensured the application can be built from scratch.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="clean"
+   description="Delete old build and dist directories">
+    <delete dir="${build.home}"/>
+    <delete dir="${dist.home}"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Compile Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "compile" target transforms source files (from your "src" directory)
+  into object files in the appropriate location in the build directory.
+  This example assumes that you will be including your classes in an
+  unpacked directory hierarchy under "/WEB-INF/classes".
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="compile" depends="prepare"
+   description="Compile Java sources">
+
+    <!-- Compile Java classes as necessary -->
+    <mkdir    dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
+    <javac srcdir="${src.home}"
+          destdir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"
+            debug="${compile.debug}"
+      deprecation="${compile.deprecation}"
+         optimize="${compile.optimize}">
+        <classpath refid="compile.classpath"/>
+    </javac>
+
+    <!-- Copy application resources -->
+    <copy  todir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes">
+      <fileset dir="${src.home}" excludes="**/*.java"/>
+    </copy>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Dist Target ===================================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  The "dist" target creates a binary distribution of your application
+  in a directory structure ready to be archived in a tar.gz or zip file.
+  Note that this target depends on two others:
+
+  * "compile" so that the entire web application (including external
+    dependencies) will have been assembled
+
+  * "javadoc" so that the application Javadocs will have been created
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="dist" depends="compile,javadoc"
+   description="Create binary distribution">
+
+    <!-- Copy documentation subdirectories -->
+    <mkdir   dir="${dist.home}/docs"/>
+    <copy    todir="${dist.home}/docs">
+      <fileset dir="${docs.home}"/>
+    </copy>
+
+    <!-- Create application JAR file -->
+    <jar jarfile="${dist.home}/${app.name}-${app.version}.war"
+         basedir="${build.home}"/>
+
+    <!-- Copy additional files to ${dist.home} as necessary -->
+
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Install Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "install" target tells the specified Tomcat 6 installation to dynamically
+  install this web application and make it available for execution.  It does
+  *not* cause the existence of this web application to be remembered across
+  Tomcat restarts; if you restart the server, you will need to re-install all
+  this web application.
+
+  If you have already installed this application, and simply want Tomcat to
+  recognize that you have updated Java classes (or the web.xml file), use the
+  "reload" target instead.
+
+  NOTE:  This target will only succeed if it is run from the same server that
+  Tomcat is running on.
+
+  NOTE:  This is the logical opposite of the "remove" target.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="install" depends="compile"
+   description="Install application to servlet container">
+
+    <deploy url="${manager.url}"
+       username="${manager.username}"
+       password="${manager.password}"
+           path="${app.path}"
+       localWar="file://${build.home}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Javadoc Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "javadoc" target creates Javadoc API documentation for the Java
+  classes included in your application.  Normally, this is only required
+  when preparing a distribution release, but is available as a separate
+  target in case the developer wants to create Javadocs independently.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="javadoc" depends="compile"
+   description="Create Javadoc API documentation">
+
+    <mkdir          dir="${dist.home}/docs/api"/>
+    <javadoc sourcepath="${src.home}"
+                destdir="${dist.home}/docs/api"
+           packagenames="*">
+      <classpath refid="compile.classpath"/>
+    </javadoc>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ====================== List Target =================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "list" target asks the specified Tomcat 6 installation to list the
+  currently running web applications, either loaded at startup time or
+  installed dynamically.  It is useful to determine whether or not the
+  application you are currently developing has been installed.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="list"
+   description="List installed applications on servlet container">
+
+    <list    url="${manager.url}"
+        username="${manager.username}"
+        password="${manager.password}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Prepare Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "prepare" target is used to create the "build" destination directory,
+  and copy the static contents of your web application to it.  If you need
+  to copy static files from external dependencies, you can customize the
+  contents of this task.
+
+  Normally, this task is executed indirectly when needed.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="prepare">
+
+    <!-- Create build directories as needed -->
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}"/>
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF"/>
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
+
+
+    <!-- Copy static content of this web application -->
+    <copy todir="${build.home}">
+      <fileset dir="${web.home}"/>
+    </copy>
+
+    <!-- Copy external dependencies as required -->
+    <!-- *** CUSTOMIZE HERE AS REQUIRED BY YOUR APPLICATION *** -->
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/lib"/>
+<!--
+    <copy todir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/lib" file="${foo.jar}"/>
+-->
+
+    <!-- Copy static files from external dependencies as needed -->
+    <!-- *** CUSTOMIZE HERE AS REQUIRED BY YOUR APPLICATION *** -->
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Reload Target =================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "reload" signals the specified application Tomcat 6 to shut itself down
+  and reload. This can be useful when the web application context is not
+  reloadable and you have updated classes or property files in the
+  /WEB-INF/classes directory or when you have added or updated jar files in the
+  /WEB-INF/lib directory.
+
+  NOTE: The /WEB-INF/web.xml web application configuration file is not reread
+  on a reload. If you have made changes to your web.xml file you must stop
+  then start the web application.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="reload" depends="compile"
+   description="Reload application on servlet container">
+
+    <reload url="${manager.url}"
+       username="${manager.username}"
+       password="${manager.password}"
+           path="${app.path}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Remove Target =================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "remove" target tells the specified Tomcat 6 installation to dynamically
+  remove this web application from service.
+
+  NOTE:  This is the logical opposite of the "install" target.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="remove"
+   description="Remove application on servlet container">
+
+    <undeploy url="${manager.url}"
+         username="${manager.username}"
+         password="${manager.password}"
+             path="${app.path}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+</project>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/deployment.html b/webapps/docs/appdev/deployment.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab86ad9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/deployment.html
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide (7.0.42) - Deployment</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">App Dev Guide Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Deployment</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Background">Background</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Directory_Layout">Standard Directory Layout</a></li><li><a href="#Shared_Library_Files">Shared Library Files</a></li><li><a href="#Web_Application_Deployment_Descriptor">Web Application Deployment Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat_Context_Descriptor">Tomcat Context Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="#Deployment_With_Tomcat">Deployment With Tomcat</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Background"><strong>Background</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Before describing how to organize your source code directories,
+it is useful to examine the runtime organization of a web application.
+Prior to the Servlet API Specification, version 2.2, there was little
+consistency between server platforms.  However, servers that conform
+to the 2.2 (or later) specification are required to accept a
+<em>Web Application Archive</em> in a standard format, which is discussed
+further below.</p>
+
+<p>A web application is defined as a hierarchy of directories and files
+in a standard layout.  Such a hierarchy can be accessed in its "unpacked"
+form, where each directory and file exists in the filesystem separately,
+or in a "packed" form known as a Web ARchive, or WAR file.  The former format
+is more useful during development, while the latter is used when you
+distribute your application to be installed.</p>
+
+<p>The top-level directory of your web application hierarchy is also the
+<em>document root</em> of your application.  Here, you will place the HTML
+files and JSP pages that comprise your application's user interface.  When the
+system administrator deploys your application into a particular server, he
+or she assigns a <em>context path</em> to your application (a later section
+of this manual describes deployment on Tomcat).  Thus, if the
+system administrator assigns your application to the context path
+<code>/catalog</code>, then a request URI referring to
+<code>/catalog/index.html</code> will retrieve the <code>index.html</code>
+file from your document root.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Directory Layout"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Directory_Layout"><strong>Standard Directory Layout</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>To facilitate creation of a Web Application Archive file in the required
+format, it is convenient to arrange the "executable" files of your web
+application (that is, the files that Tomcat actually uses when executing
+your app) in the same organization as required by the WAR format itself.
+To do this, you will end up with the following contents in your
+application's "document root" directory:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>*.html, *.jsp, etc.</strong> - The HTML and JSP pages, along
+    with other files that must be visible to the client browser (such as
+    JavaScript, stylesheet files, and images) for your application.
+    In larger applications you may choose to divide these files into
+    a subdirectory hierarchy, but for smaller apps, it is generally
+    much simpler to maintain only a single directory for these files.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>/WEB-INF/web.xml</strong> - The <em>Web Application Deployment
+    Descriptor</em> for your application.  This is an XML file describing
+    the servlets and other components that make up your application,
+    along with any initialization parameters and container-managed
+    security constraints that you want the server to enforce for you.
+    This file is discussed in more detail in the following subsection.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>/WEB-INF/classes/</strong> - This directory contains any Java
+    class files (and associated resources) required for your application,
+    including both servlet and non-servlet classes, that are not combined
+    into JAR files.  If your classes are organized into Java packages,
+    you must reflect this in the directory hierarchy under
+    <code>/WEB-INF/classes/</code>.  For example, a Java class named
+    <code>com.mycompany.mypackage.MyServlet</code>
+    would need to be stored in a file named
+    <code>/WEB-INF/classes/com/mycompany/mypackage/MyServlet.class</code>.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>/WEB-INF/lib/</strong> - This directory contains JAR files that
+    contain Java class files (and associated resources) required for your
+    application, such as third party class libraries or JDBC drivers.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>When you install an application into Tomcat (or any other 2.2 or later
+Servlet container), the classes in the <code>WEB-INF/classes/</code>
+directory, as well as all classes in JAR files found in the
+<code>WEB-INF/lib/</code> directory, are made visible to other classes
+within your particular web application.  Thus, if
+you include all of the required library classes in one of these places (be
+sure to check licenses for redistribution rights for any third party libraries
+you utilize), you will simplify the installation of your web application --
+no adjustment to the system class path (or installation of global library
+files in your server) will be necessary.</p>
+
+<p>Much of this information was extracted from Chapter 9 of the Servlet
+API Specification, version 2.3, which you should consult for more details.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Shared Library Files"><!--()--></a><a name="Shared_Library_Files"><strong>Shared Library Files</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Like most servlet containers, Tomcat also supports mechanisms to install
+library JAR files (or unpacked classes) once, and make them visible to all
+installed web applications (without having to be included inside the web
+application itself).  The details of how Tomcat locates and shares such
+classes are described in the
+<a href="../class-loader-howto.html">Class Loader HOW-TO</a> documentation.
+The location commonly used within a Tomcat installation for shared code is
+<strong>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</strong>. JAR files placed here are visible both to
+web applications and internal Tomcat code. This is a good place to put JDBC
+drivers that are required for both your application or internal Tomcat use
+(such as for a JDBCRealm).</p>
+
+<p>Out of the box, a standard Tomcat installation includes a variety
+of pre-installed shared library files, including:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>The <em>Servlet 3.0</em> and <em>JSP 2.2</em> APIs that are fundamental
+    to writing servlets and JavaServer Pages.<br><br></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Web Application Deployment Descriptor"><!--()--></a><a name="Web_Application_Deployment_Descriptor"><strong>Web Application Deployment Descriptor</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>As mentioned above, the <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> file contains the
+Web Application Deployment Descriptor for your application.  As the filename
+extension implies, this file is an XML document, and defines everything about
+your application that a server needs to know (except the <em>context path</em>,
+which is assigned by the system administrator when the application is
+deployed).</p>
+
+<p>The complete syntax and semantics for the deployment descriptor is defined
+in Chapter 13 of the Servlet API Specification, version 2.3.  Over time, it
+is expected that development tools will be provided that create and edit the
+deployment descriptor for you.  In the meantime, to provide a starting point,
+a <a href="web.xml.txt">basic web.xml file</a>
+is provided.  This file includes comments that describe the purpose of each
+included element.</p>
+
+<p><strong>NOTE</strong> - The Servlet Specification includes a Document
+Type Descriptor (DTD) for the web application deployment descriptor, and
+Tomcat enforces the rules defined here when processing your application's
+<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> file.  In particular, you <strong>must</strong>
+enter your descriptor elements (such as <code>&lt;filter&gt;</code>,
+<code>&lt;servlet&gt;</code>, and <code>&lt;servlet-mapping&gt;</code> in
+the order defined by the DTD (see Section 13.3).</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat Context Descriptor"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_Context_Descriptor"><strong>Tomcat Context Descriptor</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>A /META-INF/context.xml file can be used to define Tomcat specific
+configuration options, such as an access log, data sources, session manager
+configuration and more. This XML file must contain one Context element, which
+will be considered as if it was the child of the Host element corresponding
+to the Host to which the web application is being deployed. The
+<a href="../config/index.html">Tomcat configuration documentation</a> contains
+information on the Context element.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deployment With Tomcat"><!--()--></a><a name="Deployment_With_Tomcat"><strong>Deployment With Tomcat</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+<p>In order to be executed, a web application must be deployed on
+a servlet container.  This is true even during development.
+We will describe using Tomcat to provide the execution environment.
+A web application can be deployed in Tomcat by one of the following
+approaches:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Copy unpacked directory hierarchy into a subdirectory in directory
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/webapps/</code></em>.  Tomcat will assign a
+    context path to your application based on the subdirectory name you
+    choose.  We will use this technique in the <code>build.xml</code>
+    file that we construct, because it is the quickest and easiest approach
+    during development.  Be sure to restart Tomcat after installing or
+    updating your application.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Copy the web application archive file into directory
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/webapps/</code></em>.  When Tomcat is started, it will
+    automatically expand the web application archive file into its unpacked
+    form, and execute the application that way.  This approach would typically
+    be used to install an additional application, provided by a third party
+    vendor or by your internal development staff, into an existing
+    Tomcat installation.  <strong>NOTE</strong> - If you use this approach,
+    and wish to update your application later, you must both replace the
+    web application archive file <strong>AND</strong> delete the expanded
+    directory that Tomcat created, and then restart Tomcat, in order to reflect
+    your changes.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Use the Tomcat "Manager" web application to deploy and undeploy
+    web applications</em>.  Tomcat includes a web application, deployed
+    by default on context path <code>/manager</code>, that allows you to
+    deploy and undeploy applications on a running Tomcat server without
+    restarting it.  See the administrator documentation (TODO: hyperlink)
+    for more information on using the Manager web application.<br><br></li>
+<li><em>Use "Manager" Ant Tasks In Your Build Script</em>.  Tomcat
+    includes a set of custom task definitions for the <code>Ant</code>
+    build tool that allow you to automate the execution of commands to the
+    "Manager" web application.  These tasks are used in the Tomcat deployer.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Use the Tomcat Deployer</em>.  Tomcat includes a packaged tool
+    bundling the Ant tasks, and can be used to automatically precompile JSPs
+    which are part of the web application before deployment to the server.
+    <br><br></li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Deploying your app on other servlet containers will be specific to each
+container, but all containers compatible with the Servlet API Specification
+(version 2.2 or later) are required to accept a web application archive file.
+Note that other containers are <strong>NOT</strong> required to accept an
+unpacked directory structure (as Tomcat does), or to provide mechanisms for
+shared library files, but these features are commonly available.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
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+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/index.html b/webapps/docs/appdev/index.html
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide (7.0.42) - Table of Contents</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">App Dev Guide Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Table of Contents</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Preface"><strong>Preface</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This manual includes contributions from many members of the Tomcat Project
+developer community.  The following authors have provided significant content:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Craig R. McClanahan
+    (<a href="mailto:craigmcc@apache.org">craigmcc@apache.org</a>)</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The information presented is divided into the following sections:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="introduction.html"><strong>Introduction</strong></a> -
+    Briefly describes the information covered here, with
+    links and references to other sources of information.</li>
+<li><a href="installation.html"><strong>Installation</strong></a> -
+    Covers acquiring and installing the required software
+    components to use Tomcat for web application development.</li>
+<li><a href="deployment.html"><strong>Deployment Organization</strong></a> -
+    Discusses the standard directory layout for a web application
+    (defined in the Servlet API Specification), the Web Application
+    Deployment Descriptor, and options for integration with Tomcat
+    in your development environment.</li>
+<li><a href="source.html"><strong>Source Organization</strong></a> -
+    Describes a useful approach to organizing the source code
+    directories for your project, and introduces the
+    <code>build.xml</code> used by Ant to manage compilation.</li>
+<li><a href="processes.html"><strong>Development Processes</strong></a> -
+    Provides brief descriptions of typical development processes
+    utilizing the recommended deployment and source organizations.</li>
+<li><a href="sample/"><strong>Example Application</strong></a> -
+    This directory contains a very simple, but functionally complete,
+    "Hello, World" application built according to the principles
+    described in this manual.  You can use this application to
+    practice using the described techniques.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/appdev/index.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
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+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
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+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/installation.html b/webapps/docs/appdev/installation.html
new file mode 100644
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide (7.0.42) - Installation</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">App Dev Guide Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Installation</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In order to use Tomcat for developing web applications, you must first
+install it (and the software it depends on).  The required steps are outlined
+in the following subsections.</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JDK"><strong>JDK</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Tomcat 7.0 was designed to run on Java SE 6.
+</p>
+
+<p>Compatible JDKs for many platforms (or links to where they can be found)
+are available at
+<a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html">http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html</a>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat"><strong>Tomcat</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Binary downloads of the <strong>Tomcat</strong> server are available from
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/">http://tomcat.apache.org/</a>.
+This manual assumes you are using the most recent release
+of Tomcat 7.  Detailed instructions for downloading and installing
+Tomcat are available <a href="../setup.html">here</a>.</p>
+
+<p>In the remainder of this manual, example shell scripts assume that you have
+set an environment variable <code>CATALINA_HOME</code> that contains the
+pathname to the directory in which Tomcat has been installed. Optionally, if
+Tomcat has been configured for multiple instances, each instance will have its
+own <code>CATALINA_BASE</code> configured.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Ant"><strong>Ant</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Binary downloads of the <strong>Ant</strong> build tool are available from
+<a href="http://ant.apache.org/">http://ant.apache.org/</a>.
+This manual assumes you are using Ant 1.8 or later.  The instructions may
+also be compatible with other versions, but this has not been tested.</p>
+
+<p>Download and install Ant.
+Then, add the <code>bin</code> directory of the Ant distribution to your
+<code>PATH</code> environment variable, following the standard practices for
+your operating system platform.  Once you have done this, you will be able to
+execute the <code>ant</code> shell command directly.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CVS"><strong>CVS</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Besides the required tools described above, you are strongly encouraged
+to download and install a <em>source code control</em> system, such as the
+<strong>Concurrent Version System</strong> (CVS), to maintain historical
+versions of the source files that make up your web application.  Besides
+the server, you will also need appropriate client
+tools to check out source code files, and check in modified versions.</p>
+
+<p>Detailed instructions for installing and using source code control
+applications is beyond the scope of this manual.  However, CVS server and
+client tools for many platforms (along with documentation) can be downloaded
+from <a href="http://www.cvshome.org/">http://www.cvshome.org/</a>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/appdev/installation.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/introduction.html b/webapps/docs/appdev/introduction.html
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide (7.0.42) - Introduction</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">App Dev Guide Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Introduction</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Congratulations!  You've decided to (or been told to) learn how to
+build web applications using servlets and JSP pages, and picked the
+Tomcat server to use for your learning and development.  But now what
+do you do?</p>
+
+<p>This manual is a primer covering the basic steps of using Tomcat to
+set up a development environment, organize your source code, and then
+build and test your application.  It does not discuss architectures or
+recommended coding practices for web application development,
+or provide in depth instructions on operating the development
+tools that are discussed.  References to sources of additional information
+are included in the following subsections.</p>
+
+<p>The discussion in this manual is aimed at developers who will be using
+a text editor along with command line tools to develop and debug their
+applications.  As such, the recommendations are fairly generic -- but you
+should easily be able to apply them in either a Windows-based or Unix-based
+development environment.  If you are utilizing an Integrated Development
+Environment (IDE) tool, you will need to adapt the advice given here to
+the details of your particular environment.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Links"><strong>Links</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The following links provide access to selected sources of online
+information, documentation, and software that is useful in developing
+web applications with Tomcat.</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/mrel/jsr245/index.html">http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/mrel/jsr245/</a> -
+    <i>JavaServer Pages (JSP) Specification, Version 2.2</i>.  Describes
+    the programming environment provided by standard implementations
+    of the JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology.  In conjunction with
+    the Servlet API Specification (see below), this document describes
+    what a portable API page is allowed to contain.  Specific
+    information on scripting (Chapter 9), tag extensions (Chapter 7),
+    and packaging JSP pages (Appendix A) is useful.  The Javadoc
+    API Documentation is included in the specification, and with the
+    Tomcat download.<br><br></li>
+<li><a href="http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/mrel/jsr315/index.html">http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/mrel/jsr315/</a> -
+    <i>Servlet API Specification, Version 3.0</i>.  Describes the
+    programming environment that must be provided by all servlet
+    containers conforming to this specification.  In particular, you
+    will need this document to understand the web application
+    directory structure and deployment file (Chapter 10), methods of
+    mapping request URIs to servlets (Chapter 12), container managed
+    security (Chapter 13), and the syntax of the <code>web.xml</code>
+    Web Application Deployment Descriptor (Chapter 14).  The Javadoc
+    API Documentation is included in the specification, and with the
+    Tomcat download.<br><br></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide (7.0.42) - Development Processes</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">App Dev Guide Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Development Processes</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Development_Processes">Development Processes</a><ol><li><a href="#One-Time_Setup_of_Ant_and_Tomcat_for_Development">One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development</a></li><li><a href="#Create_Project_Source_Code_Directory">Create Project Source Code Directory</a></li><li><a href="#Edit_Source_Code_and_Pages">Edit Source Code and Pages</a></li><li><a href="#Build_the_Web_Application">Build the Web Application</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Your_Web_Application">Test Your Web Application</a></li><li><a href="#Creating_a_Release">Creating a Release</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Development Processes"><!--()--></a><a name="Development_Processes"><strong>Development Processes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Although application development can take many forms, this manual proposes
+a fairly generic process for creating web applications using Tomcat.  The
+following sections highlight the commands and tasks that you, as the developer
+of the code, will perform.  The same basic approach works when you have
+multiple programmers involved, as long as you have an appropriate source code
+control system and internal team rules about who is working on what parts
+of the application at any given time.</p>
+
+<p>The task descriptions below assume that you will be using CVS for source
+code control, and that you have already configured access to the appropriate
+CVS repository.  Instructions for doing this are beyond the scope of this
+manual.  If you are using a different source code control environment, you
+will need to figure out the corresponding commands for your system.</p>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development"><!--()--></a><a name="One-Time_Setup_of_Ant_and_Tomcat_for_Development"><strong>One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In order to take advantage of the special Ant tasks that interact with the
+<em>Manager</em> web application, you need to perform the following tasks
+once (no matter how many web applications you plan to develop).</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Configure the Ant custom tasks</em>.  The implementation code for the
+    Ant custom tasks is in a JAR file named
+    <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib/catalina-ant.jar</code>, which must be
+    copied in to the <code>lib</code> directory of your Ant installation.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Define one or more Tomcat users</em>.  The <em>Manager</em> web
+    application runs under a security constraint that requires a user to be
+    logged in, and have the security role <code>manager-script</code> assigned
+    to him or her.  How such users are defined depends on which Realm you have
+    configured in Tomcat's <code>conf/server.xml</code> file -- see the
+    <a href="../realm-howto.html">Realm Configuration HOW-TO</a> for more
+    information.  You may define any number of users (with any username
+    and password that you like) with the <code>manager-script</code> role.
+    <br><br></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Create Project Source Code Directory"><!--()--></a><a name="Create_Project_Source_Code_Directory"><strong>Create Project Source Code Directory</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The first step is to create a new project source directory, and customize
+the <code>build.xml</code> and <code>build.properties</code> files you will
+be using.  The directory structure is described in <a href="source.html">the
+previous section</a>, or you can use the
+<a href="sample/">sample application</a> as a starting point.</p>
+
+<p>Create your project source directory, and define it within your CVS
+repository.  This might be done by a series of commands like this, where
+<code>{project}</code> is the name under which your project should be
+stored in the CVS repository, and {username} is your login username:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+mkdir myapp &lt;-- Assumed "project source directory"
+cd myapp
+mkdir docs
+mkdir src
+mkdir web
+mkdir web/WEB-INF
+cvs import -m "Initial Project Creation" {project} \
+    {username} start
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Now, to verify that it was created correctly in CVS, we will perform a
+checkout of the new project:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd ..
+mv myapp myapp.bu
+cvs checkout {project}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Next, you will need to create and check in an initial version of the
+<code>build.xml</code> script to be used for development.  For getting
+started quickly and easily, base your <code>build.xml</code> on the
+<a href="build.xml.txt">basic build.xml file</a>, included with this manual,
+or code it from scratch.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp
+emacs build.xml     &lt;-- if you want a real editor :-)
+cvs add build.xml
+cvs commit
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Until you perform the CVS commit, your changes are local to your own
+development directory.  Committing makes those changes visible to other
+developers on your team that are sharing the same CVS repository.</p>
+
+<p>The next step is to customize the Ant <em>properties</em> that are
+named in the <code>build.xml</code> script.  This is done by creating a
+file named <code>build.properties</code> in your project's top-level
+directory.  The supported properties are listed in the comments inside
+the sample <code>build.xml</code> script.  At a minimum, you will generally
+need to define the <code>catalina.home</code> property defining where
+Tomcat is installed, and the manager application username and password.
+You might end up with something like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+# Context path to install this application on
+app.path=/hello
+
+# Tomcat 7 installation directory
+catalina.home=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0
+
+# Manager webapp username and password
+manager.username=myusername
+manager.password=mypassword
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>In general, you will <strong>not</strong> want to check the
+<code>build.properties</code> file in to the CVS repository, because it
+is unique to each developer's environment.</p>
+
+<p>Now, create the initial version of the web application deployment
+descriptor.  You can base <code>web.xml</code> on the
+<a href="web.xml.txt">basic web.xml file</a>, or code it from scratch.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp/web/WEB-INF
+emacs web.xml
+cvs add web.xml
+cvs commit
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+Note that this is only an example web.xml file.  The full definition
+of the deployment descriptor file is in the
+<a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet Specification.</a>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Edit Source Code and Pages"><!--()--></a><a name="Edit_Source_Code_and_Pages"><strong>Edit Source Code and Pages</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The edit/build/test tasks will generally be your most common activities
+during development and maintenance.  The following general principles apply.
+As described in <a href="source.html">Source Organization</a>, newly created
+source files should be located in the appropriate subdirectory, under your
+project source directory.</p>
+
+<p>Whenever you wish to refresh your development directory to reflect the
+work performed by other developers, you will ask CVS to do it for you:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp
+cvs update -dP
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>To create a new file, go to the appropriate directory, create the file,
+and register it with CVS.  When you are satisfied with it's contents (after
+building and testing is successful), commit the new file to the repository.
+For example, to create a new JSP page:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp/web        &lt;-- Ultimate destination is document root
+emacs mypage.jsp
+cvs add mypage.jsp
+... build and test the application ...
+cvs commit
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Java source code that is defined in packages must be organized in a
+directory hierarchy (under the <strong>src/</strong> subdirectory) that
+matches the package names.  For example, a Java class named
+<code>com.mycompany.mypackage.MyClass.java</code> should be stored in file
+<code>src/com/mycompany/mypackage/MyClass.java</code>.
+Whenever you create a new subdirectory, don't forget to
+register it with CVS.</p>
+
+<p>To edit an existing source file, you will generally just start editing
+and testing, then commit the changed file when everything works.  Although
+CVS can be configured to required you to "check out" or "lock" a file you
+are going to be modifying, this is generally not used.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Build the Web Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Build_the_Web_Application"><strong>Build the Web Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>When you are ready to compile the application, issue the following
+commands (generally, you will want a shell window open that is set to
+the project source directory, so that only the last command is needed):</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp        &lt;-- Normally leave a window open here
+ant
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>The Ant tool will be execute the default "compile" target in your
+<code>build.xml</code> file, which will compile any new or updated Java
+code.  If this is the first time you compile after a "build clean",
+it will cause everything to be recompiled.</p>
+
+<p>To force the recompilation of your entire application, do this instead:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd {my home directory}
+cd myapp
+ant all
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>This is a very good habit immediately before checking in changes, to
+make sure that you have not introduced any subtle problems that Javac's
+conditional checking did not catch.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Test Your Web Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Test_Your_Web_Application"><strong>Test Your Web Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>To test your application, you will want to install it under Tomcat.  The
+quickest way to do that is to use the custom Ant tasks that are included in
+the sample <code>build.xml</code> script.  Using these commands might follow
+a pattern like this:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Start Tomcat if needed</em>.  If Tomcat is not already running,
+    you will need to start it in the usual way.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Compile your application</em>.  Use the <code>ant compile</code>
+    command (or just <code>ant</code>, since this is the default).  Make
+    sure that there are no compilation errors.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Install the application</em>.  Use the <code>ant install</code>
+    command.  This tells Tomcat to immediately start running your app on
+    the context path defined in the <code>app.path</code> build property.
+    Tomcat does <strong>NOT</strong> have to be restarted for this to
+    take effect.<br><br></li>
+<li><em>Test the application</em>.  Using your browser or other testing
+    tools, test the functionality of your application.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Modify and rebuild as needed</em>.  As you discover that changes
+    are required, make those changes in the original <strong>source</strong>
+    files, not in the output build directory, and re-issue the
+    <code>ant compile</code> command.  This ensures that your changes will
+    be available to be saved (via <code>cvs commit</code>) later on --
+    the output build directory is deleted and recreated as necessary.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Reload the application</em>.  Tomcat will recognize changes in
+    JSP pages automatically, but it will continue to use the old versions
+    of any servlet or JavaBean classes until the application is reloaded.
+    You can trigger this by executing the <code>ant reload</code> command.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><em>Remove the application when you re done</em>.  When you are through
+    working on this application, you can remove it from live execution by
+    running the <code>ant remove</code> command.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Do not forget to commit your changes to the source code repository when
+you have completed your testing!</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Creating a Release"><!--()--></a><a name="Creating_a_Release"><strong>Creating a Release</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>When you are through adding new functionality, and you've tested everything
+(you DO test, don't you :-), it is time to create the distributable version
+of your web application that can be deployed on the production server.  The
+following general steps are required:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Issue the command <code>ant all</code> from the project source
+    directory, to rebuild everything from scratch one last time.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>Use the <code>cvs tag</code> command to create an identifier for
+    all of the source files utilized to create this release.  This allows
+    you to reliably reconstruct a release (from sources) at a later
+    time.</li>
+<li>Issue the command <code>ant dist</code> to create a distributable
+    web application archive (WAR) file, as well as a JAR file containing
+    the corresponding source code.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>Package the contents of the <code>dist</code> directory using the
+    <strong>tar</strong> or <strong>zip</strong> utility, according to
+    the standard release procedures used by your organization.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/appdev/processes.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
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+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/build.xml b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/build.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ce7d20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/build.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,514 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<!--
+     General purpose build script for web applications and web services,
+     including enhanced support for deploying directly to a Tomcat 6
+     based server.
+
+     This build script assumes that the source code of your web application
+     is organized into the following subdirectories underneath the source
+     code directory from which you execute the build script:
+
+        docs                 Static documentation files to be copied to
+                             the "docs" subdirectory of your distribution.
+
+        src                  Java source code (and associated resource files)
+                             to be compiled to the "WEB-INF/classes"
+                             subdirectory of your web application.
+
+        web                  Static HTML, JSP, and other content (such as
+                             image files), including the WEB-INF subdirectory
+                             and its configuration file contents.
+
+     $Id: build.xml.txt 1200125 2011-11-10 04:05:48Z kkolinko $
+-->
+
+
+<!-- A "project" describes a set of targets that may be requested
+     when Ant is executed.  The "default" attribute defines the
+     target which is executed if no specific target is requested,
+     and the "basedir" attribute defines the current working directory
+     from which Ant executes the requested task.  This is normally
+     set to the current working directory.
+-->
+
+<project name="My Project" default="compile" basedir=".">
+
+
+
+<!-- ===================== Property Definitions =========================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  Each of the following properties are used in the build script.
+  Values for these properties are set by the first place they are
+  defined, from the following list:
+
+  * Definitions on the "ant" command line (ant -Dfoo=bar compile).
+
+  * Definitions from a "build.properties" file in the top level
+    source directory of this application.
+
+  * Definitions from a "build.properties" file in the developer's
+    home directory.
+
+  * Default definitions in this build.xml file.
+
+  You will note below that property values can be composed based on the
+  contents of previously defined properties.  This is a powerful technique
+  that helps you minimize the number of changes required when your development
+  environment is modified.  Note that property composition is allowed within
+  "build.properties" files as well as in the "build.xml" script.
+
+-->
+
+  <property file="build.properties"/>
+  <property file="${user.home}/build.properties"/>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== File and Directory Names ======================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  These properties generally define file and directory names (or paths) that
+  affect where the build process stores its outputs.
+
+  app.name             Base name of this application, used to
+                       construct filenames and directories.
+                       Defaults to "myapp".
+
+  app.path             Context path to which this application should be
+                       deployed (defaults to "/" plus the value of the
+                       "app.name" property).
+
+  app.version          Version number of this iteration of the application.
+
+  build.home           The directory into which the "prepare" and
+                       "compile" targets will generate their output.
+                       Defaults to "build".
+
+  catalina.home        The directory in which you have installed
+                       a binary distribution of Tomcat 6.  This will
+                       be used by the "deploy" target.
+
+  dist.home            The name of the base directory in which
+                       distribution files are created.
+                       Defaults to "dist".
+
+  manager.password     The login password of a user that is assigned the
+                       "manager-script" role (so that he or she can execute
+                       commands via the "/manager" web application)
+
+  manager.url          The URL of the "/manager" web application on the
+                       Tomcat installation to which we will deploy web
+                       applications and web services.
+
+  manager.username     The login username of a user that is assigned the
+                       "manager-script" role (so that he or she can execute
+                       commands via the "/manager" web application)
+
+-->
+
+  <property name="app.name"      value="myapp"/>
+  <property name="app.path"      value="/${app.name}"/>
+  <property name="app.version"   value="0.1-dev"/>
+  <property name="build.home"    value="${basedir}/build"/>
+  <property name="catalina.home" value="../../../.."/> <!-- UPDATE THIS! -->
+  <property name="dist.home"     value="${basedir}/dist"/>
+  <property name="docs.home"     value="${basedir}/docs"/>
+  <property name="manager.url"   value="http://localhost:8080/manager/text"/>
+  <property name="src.home"      value="${basedir}/src"/>
+  <property name="web.home"      value="${basedir}/web"/>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== External Dependencies =========================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  Use property values to define the locations of external JAR files on which
+  your application will depend.  In general, these values will be used for
+  two purposes:
+  * Inclusion on the classpath that is passed to the Javac compiler
+  * Being copied into the "/WEB-INF/lib" directory during execution
+    of the "deploy" target.
+
+  Because we will automatically include all of the Java classes that Tomcat 6
+  exposes to web applications, we will not need to explicitly list any of those
+  dependencies.  You only need to worry about external dependencies for JAR
+  files that you are going to include inside your "/WEB-INF/lib" directory.
+
+-->
+
+<!-- Dummy external dependency -->
+<!--
+  <property name="foo.jar"
+           value="/path/to/foo.jar"/>
+-->
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Compilation Classpath =========================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  Rather than relying on the CLASSPATH environment variable, Ant includes
+  features that makes it easy to dynamically construct the classpath you
+  need for each compilation.  The example below constructs the compile
+  classpath to include the servlet.jar file, as well as the other components
+  that Tomcat makes available to web applications automatically, plus anything
+  that you explicitly added.
+
+-->
+
+  <path id="compile.classpath">
+
+    <!-- Include all JAR files that will be included in /WEB-INF/lib -->
+    <!-- *** CUSTOMIZE HERE AS REQUIRED BY YOUR APPLICATION *** -->
+<!--
+    <pathelement location="${foo.jar}"/>
+-->
+
+    <!-- Include all elements that Tomcat exposes to applications -->
+    <fileset dir="${catalina.home}/bin">
+      <include name="*.jar"/>
+    </fileset>
+    <pathelement location="${catalina.home}/lib"/>
+    <fileset dir="${catalina.home}/lib">
+      <include name="*.jar"/>
+    </fileset>
+
+  </path>
+
+
+
+<!-- ================== Custom Ant Task Definitions ======================= -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  These properties define custom tasks for the Ant build tool that interact
+  with the "/manager" web application installed with Tomcat 6.  Before they
+  can be successfully utilized, you must perform the following steps:
+
+  - Copy the file "lib/catalina-ant.jar" from your Tomcat 6
+    installation into the "lib" directory of your Ant installation.
+
+  - Create a "build.properties" file in your application's top-level
+    source directory (or your user login home directory) that defines
+    appropriate values for the "manager.password", "manager.url", and
+    "manager.username" properties described above.
+
+  For more information about the Manager web application, and the functionality
+  of these tasks, see <http://localhost:8080/tomcat-docs/manager-howto.html>.
+
+-->
+
+  <taskdef resource="org/apache/catalina/ant/catalina.tasks"
+           classpathref="compile.classpath"/>
+
+
+<!--  ==================== Compilation Control Options ==================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  These properties control option settings on the Javac compiler when it
+  is invoked using the <javac> task.
+
+  compile.debug        Should compilation include the debug option?
+
+  compile.deprecation  Should compilation include the deprecation option?
+
+  compile.optimize     Should compilation include the optimize option?
+
+-->
+
+  <property name="compile.debug"       value="true"/>
+  <property name="compile.deprecation" value="false"/>
+  <property name="compile.optimize"    value="true"/>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== All Target ====================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "all" target is a shortcut for running the "clean" target followed
+  by the "compile" target, to force a complete recompile.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="all" depends="clean,compile"
+   description="Clean build and dist directories, then compile"/>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Clean Target ==================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "clean" target deletes any previous "build" and "dist" directory,
+  so that you can be ensured the application can be built from scratch.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="clean"
+   description="Delete old build and dist directories">
+    <delete dir="${build.home}"/>
+    <delete dir="${dist.home}"/>
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Compile Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "compile" target transforms source files (from your "src" directory)
+  into object files in the appropriate location in the build directory.
+  This example assumes that you will be including your classes in an
+  unpacked directory hierarchy under "/WEB-INF/classes".
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="compile" depends="prepare"
+   description="Compile Java sources">
+
+    <!-- Compile Java classes as necessary -->
+    <mkdir    dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
+    <javac srcdir="${src.home}"
+          destdir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"
+            debug="${compile.debug}"
+      deprecation="${compile.deprecation}"
+         optimize="${compile.optimize}">
+        <classpath refid="compile.classpath"/>
+    </javac>
+
+    <!-- Copy application resources -->
+    <copy  todir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes">
+      <fileset dir="${src.home}" excludes="**/*.java"/>
+    </copy>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Dist Target ===================================== -->
+
+
+<!--
+
+  The "dist" target creates a binary distribution of your application
+  in a directory structure ready to be archived in a tar.gz or zip file.
+  Note that this target depends on two others:
+
+  * "compile" so that the entire web application (including external
+    dependencies) will have been assembled
+
+  * "javadoc" so that the application Javadocs will have been created
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="dist" depends="compile,javadoc"
+   description="Create binary distribution">
+
+    <!-- Copy documentation subdirectories -->
+    <mkdir   dir="${dist.home}/docs"/>
+    <copy    todir="${dist.home}/docs">
+      <fileset dir="${docs.home}"/>
+    </copy>
+
+    <!-- Create application JAR file -->
+    <jar jarfile="${dist.home}/${app.name}-${app.version}.war"
+         basedir="${build.home}"/>
+
+    <!-- Copy additional files to ${dist.home} as necessary -->
+
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Install Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "install" target tells the specified Tomcat 6 installation to dynamically
+  install this web application and make it available for execution.  It does
+  *not* cause the existence of this web application to be remembered across
+  Tomcat restarts; if you restart the server, you will need to re-install all
+  this web application.
+
+  If you have already installed this application, and simply want Tomcat to
+  recognize that you have updated Java classes (or the web.xml file), use the
+  "reload" target instead.
+
+  NOTE:  This target will only succeed if it is run from the same server that
+  Tomcat is running on.
+
+  NOTE:  This is the logical opposite of the "remove" target.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="install" depends="compile"
+   description="Install application to servlet container">
+
+    <deploy url="${manager.url}"
+       username="${manager.username}"
+       password="${manager.password}"
+           path="${app.path}"
+       localWar="file://${build.home}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Javadoc Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "javadoc" target creates Javadoc API documentation for the Java
+  classes included in your application.  Normally, this is only required
+  when preparing a distribution release, but is available as a separate
+  target in case the developer wants to create Javadocs independently.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="javadoc" depends="compile"
+   description="Create Javadoc API documentation">
+
+    <mkdir          dir="${dist.home}/docs/api"/>
+    <javadoc sourcepath="${src.home}"
+                destdir="${dist.home}/docs/api"
+           packagenames="*">
+      <classpath refid="compile.classpath"/>
+    </javadoc>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+
+<!-- ====================== List Target =================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "list" target asks the specified Tomcat 6 installation to list the
+  currently running web applications, either loaded at startup time or
+  installed dynamically.  It is useful to determine whether or not the
+  application you are currently developing has been installed.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="list"
+   description="List installed applications on servlet container">
+
+    <list    url="${manager.url}"
+        username="${manager.username}"
+        password="${manager.password}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Prepare Target ================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "prepare" target is used to create the "build" destination directory,
+  and copy the static contents of your web application to it.  If you need
+  to copy static files from external dependencies, you can customize the
+  contents of this task.
+
+  Normally, this task is executed indirectly when needed.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="prepare">
+
+    <!-- Create build directories as needed -->
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}"/>
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF"/>
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
+
+
+    <!-- Copy static content of this web application -->
+    <copy todir="${build.home}">
+      <fileset dir="${web.home}"/>
+    </copy>
+
+    <!-- Copy external dependencies as required -->
+    <!-- *** CUSTOMIZE HERE AS REQUIRED BY YOUR APPLICATION *** -->
+    <mkdir  dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/lib"/>
+<!--
+    <copy todir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/lib" file="${foo.jar}"/>
+-->
+
+    <!-- Copy static files from external dependencies as needed -->
+    <!-- *** CUSTOMIZE HERE AS REQUIRED BY YOUR APPLICATION *** -->
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Reload Target =================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "reload" signals the specified application Tomcat 6 to shut itself down
+  and reload. This can be useful when the web application context is not
+  reloadable and you have updated classes or property files in the
+  /WEB-INF/classes directory or when you have added or updated jar files in the
+  /WEB-INF/lib directory.
+
+  NOTE: The /WEB-INF/web.xml web application configuration file is not reread
+  on a reload. If you have made changes to your web.xml file you must stop
+  then start the web application.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="reload" depends="compile"
+   description="Reload application on servlet container">
+
+    <reload url="${manager.url}"
+       username="${manager.username}"
+       password="${manager.password}"
+           path="${app.path}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+<!-- ==================== Remove Target =================================== -->
+
+<!--
+
+  The "remove" target tells the specified Tomcat 6 installation to dynamically
+  remove this web application from service.
+
+  NOTE:  This is the logical opposite of the "install" target.
+
+-->
+
+  <target name="remove"
+   description="Remove application on servlet container">
+
+    <undeploy url="${manager.url}"
+         username="${manager.username}"
+         password="${manager.password}"
+             path="${app.path}"/>
+
+  </target>
+
+
+</project>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/docs/README.txt b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/docs/README.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6d7eab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/docs/README.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+
+This is a dummy README file for the sample
+web application.
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/index.html b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3db667
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta name="author" content="Ben Souther" />
+<title>Sample Application</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h2>Sample Application</h2>
+      <p>
+        The example app has been packaged as a war file and can be downloaded
+        <a href="sample.war">here</a> (Note: make sure your browser doesn't
+        change file extension or append a new one).
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        The easiest way to run this application is simply to move the war file
+        to your <b>CATALINA_HOME/webapps</b> directory. Tomcat will automatically
+        expand and deploy the application for you. You can view it with the
+        following URL (assuming that you're running tomcat on port 8080
+        as is the default):
+        <br />
+        <a href="http://localhost:8080/sample">http://localhost:8080/sample</a>
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        If you just want to browse the contents, you can unpack the war file
+        with the <b>jar</b> command.
+      </p>
+      <pre>
+        jar -xvf sample.war
+      </pre>
+</body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/sample.war b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/sample.war
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a127e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/sample.war
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/src/mypackage/Hello.java b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/src/mypackage/Hello.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47bba7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/src/mypackage/Hello.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package mypackage;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+
+/**
+ * Simple servlet to validate that the Hello, World example can
+ * execute servlets.  In the web application deployment descriptor,
+ * this servlet must be mapped to correspond to the link in the
+ * "index.html" file.
+ *
+ * @author Craig R. McClanahan <Craig.McClanahan@eng.sun.com>
+ */
+
+public final class Hello extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    /**
+     * Respond to a GET request for the content produced by
+     * this servlet.
+     *
+     * @param request The servlet request we are processing
+     * @param response The servlet response we are producing
+     *
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     * @exception ServletException if a servlet error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+      throws IOException, ServletException {
+
+        response.setContentType("text/html");
+        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
+
+        writer.println("<html>");
+        writer.println("<head>");
+        writer.println("<title>Sample Application Servlet Page</title>");
+        writer.println("</head>");
+        writer.println("<body bgcolor=white>");
+
+        writer.println("<table border=\"0\">");
+        writer.println("<tr>");
+        writer.println("<td>");
+        writer.println("<img src=\"images/tomcat.gif\">");
+        writer.println("</td>");
+        writer.println("<td>");
+        writer.println("<h1>Sample Application Servlet</h1>");
+        writer.println("This is the output of a servlet that is part of");
+        writer.println("the Hello, World application.");
+        writer.println("</td>");
+        writer.println("</tr>");
+        writer.println("</table>");
+
+        writer.println("</body>");
+        writer.println("</html>");
+
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/WEB-INF/web.xml b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/WEB-INF/web.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fe1af0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/WEB-INF/web.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
+    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
+    version="2.4">
+
+    <display-name>Hello, World Application</display-name>
+    <description>
+        This is a simple web application with a source code organization
+        based on the recommendations of the Application Developer's Guide.
+    </description>
+
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>mypackage.Hello</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+
+</web-app>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/hello.jsp b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/hello.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de7f0ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/hello.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Sample Application JSP Page</title>
+</head>
+<body bgcolor=white>
+
+<table border="0">
+<tr>
+<td align=center>
+<img src="images/tomcat.gif">
+</td>
+<td>
+<h1>Sample Application JSP Page</h1>
+This is the output of a JSP page that is part of the Hello, World
+application.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<%= new String("Hello!") %>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/images/tomcat.gif b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/images/tomcat.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32f7d80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/images/tomcat.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/index.html b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cbcd63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Sample "Hello, World" Application</title>
+</head>
+<body bgcolor=white>
+
+<table border="0">
+<tr>
+<td>
+<img src="images/tomcat.gif">
+</td>
+<td>
+<h1>Sample "Hello, World" Application</h1>
+<p>This is the home page for a sample application used to illustrate the
+source directory organization of a web application utilizing the principles
+outlined in the Application Developer's Guide.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>To prove that they work, you can execute either of the following links:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>To a <a href="hello.jsp">JSP page</a>.</li>
+<li>To a <a href="hello">servlet</a>.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/source.html b/webapps/docs/appdev/source.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb135d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/source.html
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide (7.0.42) - Source Organization</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">App Dev Guide Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Source Organization</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Directory_Structure">Directory Structure</a><ol><li><a href="#External_Dependencies">External Dependencies</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Source_Code_Control">Source Code Control</a></li><li><a href="#BUILD.XML_Configuration_File">BUILD.XML Configuration File</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Directory Structure"><!--()--></a><a name="Directory_Structure"><strong>Directory Structure</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+<p>A key recommendation of this manual is to separate the directory
+hierarchy containing your source code (described in this section) from
+the directory hierarchy containing your deployable application
+(described in the preceding section).  Maintaining this separation has
+the following advantages:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>The contents of the source directories can be more easily administered,
+    moved, and backed up if the "executable" version of the application
+    is not intermixed.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>Source code control is easier to manage on directories that contain
+    only source files.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>The files that make up an installable distribution of your
+    application are much easier to select when the deployment
+    hierarchy is separate.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>As we will see, the <code>ant</code> development tool makes the creation
+and processing of such directory hierarchies nearly painless.</p>
+
+<p>The actual directory and file hierarchy used to contain the source code
+of an application can be pretty much anything you like.  However, the
+following organization has proven to be quite generally applicable, and is
+expected by the example <code>build.xml</code> configuration file that
+is discussed below.  All of these components exist under a top level
+<em>project source directory</em> for your application:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>docs/</strong> - Documentation for your application, in whatever
+    format your development team is using.<br><br></li>
+<li><strong>src/</strong> - Java source files that generate the servlets,
+    beans, and other Java classes that are unique to your application.
+    If your source code is organized in packages (<strong>highly</strong>
+    recommended), the package hierarchy should be reflected as a directory
+    structure underneath this directory.<br><br></li>
+<li><strong>web/</strong> - The static content of your web site (HTML pages,
+    JSP pages, JavaScript files, CSS stylesheet files, and images) that will
+    be accessible to application clients.  This directory will be the
+    <em>document root</em> of your web application, and any subdirectory
+    structure found here will be reflected in the request URIs required to
+    access those files.<br><br></li>
+<li><strong>web/WEB-INF/</strong> - The special configuration files required
+    for your application, including the web application deployment descriptor
+    (<code>web.xml</code>, defined in the
+    <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet Specification</a>),
+    tag library descriptors for custom tag libraries
+    you have created, and other resource files you wish to include within
+    your web application.  Even though this directory appears to be a
+    subdirectory of your <em>document root</em>, the Servlet Specification
+    prohibits serving the contents of this directory (or any file it contains)
+    directly to a client request.  Therefore, this is a good place to store
+    configuration information that is sensitive (such as database connection
+    usernames and passwords), but is required for your application to
+    operate successfully.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>During the development process, two additional directories will be
+created on a temporary basis:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>build/</strong> - When you execute a default build
+    (<code>ant</code>), this directory will contain an exact image
+    of the files in the web application archive for this application.
+    Tomcat allows you to deploy an application in an unpacked
+    directory like this, either by copying it to the
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/webapps</code> directory, or by <em>installing</em>
+    it via the "Manager" web application.  The latter approach is very
+    useful during development, and will be illustrated below.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>dist/</strong> - When you execute the <code>ant dist</code>
+    target, this directory will be created.  It will create an exact image
+    of the binary distribution for your web application, including an license
+    information, documentation, and README files that you have prepared.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Note that these two directories should <strong>NOT</strong> be archived in
+your source code control system, because they are deleted and recreated (from
+scratch) as needed during development.  For that reason, you should not edit
+any source files in these directories if you want to maintain a permanent
+record of the changes, because the changes will be lost the next time that a
+build is performed.</p>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="External Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="External_Dependencies"><strong>External Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>What do you do if your application requires JAR files (or other
+  resources) from external projects or packages?  A common example is that
+  you need to include a JDBC driver in your web application, in order to
+  operate.</p>
+
+  <p>Different developers take different approaches to this problem.
+  Some will encourage checking a copy of the JAR files you depend on into
+  the source code control archives for every application that requires those
+  JAR files.  However, this can cause significant management issues when you
+  use the same JAR in many applications - particular when faced with a need
+  to upgrade to a different version of that JAR file.</p>
+
+  <p>Therefore, this manual recommends that you <strong>NOT</strong> store
+  a copy of the packages you depend on inside the source control archives
+  of your applications.  Instead, the external dependencies should be
+  integrated as part of the process of <strong>building</strong> your
+  application.  In that way, you can always pick up the appropriate version
+  of the JAR files from wherever your development system administrator has
+  installed them, without having to worry about updating your application
+  every time the version of the dependent JAR file is changed.</p>
+
+  <p>In the example Ant <code>build.xml</code> file, we will demonstrate
+  how to define <em>build properties</em> that let you configure the locations
+  of the files to be copied, without having to modify <code>build.xml</code>
+  when these files change.  The build properties used by a particular
+  developer can be customized on a per-application basis, or defaulted to
+  "standard" build properties stored in the developer's home directory.</p>
+
+  <p>In many cases, your development system administrator will have already
+  installed the required JAR files into the <code>lib</code> directory of Tomcat.
+  If this has been done, you need
+  to take no actions at all - the example <code>build.xml</code> file
+  automatically constructs a compile classpath that includes these files.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Source Code Control"><!--()--></a><a name="Source_Code_Control"><strong>Source Code Control</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>As mentioned earlier, it is highly recommended that you place all of the
+source files that comprise your application under the management of a
+source code control system like the Concurrent Version System (CVS).  If you
+elect to do this, every directory and file in the source hierarchy should be
+registered and saved -- but none of the generated files.  If you register
+binary format files (such as images or JAR libraries), be sure to indicate
+this to your source code control system.</p>
+
+<p>We recommended (in the previous section) that you should not store the
+contents of the <code>build/</code> and <code>dist/</code> directories
+created by your development process in the source code control system.  An
+easy way to tell CVS to ignore these directories is to create a file named
+<code>.cvsignore</code> (note the leading period) in your top-level source
+directory, with the following contents:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+build
+dist
+build.properties
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>The reason for mentioning <code>build.properties</code> here will be
+explained in the <a href="processes.html">Processes</a> section.</p>
+
+<p>Detailed instructions for your source code control environment are beyond
+the scope of this manual.  However, the following steps are followed when
+using a command-line CVS client:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>To refresh the state of your source code to that stored in the
+    the source repository, go to your project source directory, and
+    execute <code>cvs update -dP</code>.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>When you create a new subdirectory in the source code hierarchy, register
+    it in CVS with a command like <code>cvs add {subdirname}</code>.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>When you first create a new source code file, navigate to the directory
+    that contains it, and register the new file with a command like
+    <code>cvs add {filename}</code>.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>If you no longer need a particular source code file, navigate to the
+    containing directory and remove the file.  Then, deregister it in CVS
+    with a command like <code>cvs remove {filename}</code>.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li>While you are creating, modifying, and deleting source files, changes
+    are not yet reflected in the server repository.  To save your changes in
+    their current state, go to the project source directory
+    and execute <code>cvs commit</code>.  You will be asked to write a brief
+    description of the changes you have just completed, which will be stored
+    with the new version of any updated source file.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>CVS, like other source code control systems, has many additional features
+(such as the ability to tag the files that made up a particular release, and
+support for multiple development branches that can later be merged).  See the
+links and references in the <a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a> for
+more information.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="BUILD.XML Configuration File"><!--()--></a><a name="BUILD.XML_Configuration_File"><strong>BUILD.XML Configuration File</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>We will be using the <strong>ant</strong> tool to manage the compilation of
+our Java source code files, and creation of the deployment hierarchy.  Ant
+operates under the control of a build file, normally called
+<code>build.xml</code>, that defines the processing steps required.  This
+file is stored in the top-level directory of your source code hierarchy, and
+should be checked in to your source code control system.</p>
+
+<p>Like a Makefile, the <code>build.xml</code> file provides several
+"targets" that support optional development activities (such as creating
+the associated Javadoc documentation, erasing the deployment home directory
+so you can build your project from scratch, or creating the web application
+archive file so you can distribute your application.  A well-constructed
+<code>build.xml</code> file will contain internal documentation describing
+the targets that are designed for use by the developer, versus those targets
+used internally.  To ask Ant to display the project documentation, change to
+the directory containing the <code>build.xml</code> file and type:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+ant -projecthelp
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>To give you a head start, a <a href="build.xml.txt">basic build.xml file</a>
+is provided that you can customize and install in the project source directory
+for your application.  This file includes comments that describe the various
+targets that can be executed.  Briefly, the following targets are generally
+provided:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>clean</strong> - This target deletes any existing
+    <code>build</code> and <code>dist</code> directories, so that they
+    can be reconstructed from scratch.  This allows you to guarantee that
+    you have not made source code modifications that will result in
+    problems at runtime due to not recompiling all affected classes.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>compile</strong> - This target is used to compile any source code
+    that has been changed since the last time compilation took place.  The
+    resulting class files are created in the <code>WEB-INF/classes</code>
+    subdirectory of your <code>build</code> directory, exactly where the
+    structure of a web application requires them to be.  Because
+    this command is executed so often during development, it is normally
+    made the "default" target so that a simple <code>ant</code> command will
+    execute it.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>all</strong> - This target is a short cut for running the
+    <code>clean</code> target, followed by the <code>compile</code> target.
+    Thus, it guarantees that you will recompile the entire application, to
+    ensure that you have not unknowingly introduced any incompatible changes.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>javadoc</strong> - This target creates Javadoc API documentation
+    for the Java classes in this web application.  The example
+    <code>build.xml</code> file assumes you want to include the API
+    documentation with your app distribution, so it generates the docs
+    in a subdirectory of the <code>dist</code> directory.  Because you normally
+    do not need to generate the Javadocs on every compilation, this target is
+    usually a dependency of the <code>dist</code> target, but not of the
+    <code>compile</code> target.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>dist</strong> - This target creates a distribution directory for
+    your application, including any required documentation, the Javadocs for
+    your Java classes, and a web application archive (WAR) file that will be
+    delivered to system administrators who wish to install your application.
+    Because this target also depends on the <code>deploy</code> target, the
+    web application archive will have also picked up any external dependencies
+    that were included at deployment time.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>For interactive development and testing of your web application using
+Tomcat, the following additional targets are defined:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>install</strong> - Tell the currently running Tomcat to make
+    the application you are developing immediately available for execution
+    and testing.  This action does not require Tomcat to be restarted, but
+    it is also not remembered after Tomcat is restarted the next time.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>reload</strong> - Once the application is installed, you can
+    continue to make changes and recompile using the <code>compile</code>
+    target.  Tomcat will automatically recognize changes made to JSP pages,
+    but not to servlet or JavaBean classes - this command will tell Tomcat
+    to restart the currently installed application so that such changes are
+    recognized.
+    <br><br></li>
+<li><strong>remove</strong> - When you have completed your development and
+    testing activities, you can optionally tell Tomcat to remove this
+    application from service.
+    </li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Using the development and testing targets requires some additional
+one-time setup that is described on the next page.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/appdev/source.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/appdev/web.xml.txt b/webapps/docs/appdev/web.xml.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6574742
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/appdev/web.xml.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<!DOCTYPE web-app
+    PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
+    "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
+
+<web-app>
+
+
+    <!-- General description of your web application -->
+
+    <display-name>My Web Application</display-name>
+    <description>
+      This is version X.X of an application to perform
+      a wild and wonderful task, based on servlets and
+      JSP pages.  It was written by Dave Developer
+      (dave@mycompany.com), who should be contacted for
+      more information.
+    </description>
+
+
+    <!-- Context initialization parameters that define shared
+         String constants used within your application, which
+         can be customized by the system administrator who is
+         installing your application.  The values actually
+         assigned to these parameters can be retrieved in a
+         servlet or JSP page by calling:
+
+             String value =
+               getServletContext().getInitParameter("name");
+
+         where "name" matches the <param-name> element of
+         one of these initialization parameters.
+
+         You can define any number of context initialization
+         parameters, including zero.
+    -->
+
+    <context-param>
+      <param-name>webmaster</param-name>
+      <param-value>myaddress@mycompany.com</param-value>
+      <description>
+        The EMAIL address of the administrator to whom questions
+        and comments about this application should be addressed.
+      </description>
+    </context-param>
+
+
+    <!-- Servlet definitions for the servlets that make up
+         your web application, including initialization
+         parameters.  With Tomcat, you can also send requests
+         to servlets not listed here with a request like this:
+
+           http://localhost:8080/{context-path}/servlet/{classname}
+
+         but this usage is not guaranteed to be portable.  It also
+         makes relative references to images and other resources
+         required by your servlet more complicated, so defining
+         all of your servlets (and defining a mapping to them with
+         a servlet-mapping element) is recommended.
+
+         Servlet initialization parameters can be retrieved in a
+         servlet or JSP page by calling:
+
+             String value =
+               getServletConfig().getInitParameter("name");
+
+         where "name" matches the <param-name> element of
+         one of these initialization parameters.
+
+         You can define any number of servlets, including zero.
+    -->
+
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
+      <description>
+        This servlet plays the "controller" role in the MVC architecture
+        used in this application.  It is generally mapped to the ".do"
+        filename extension with a servlet-mapping element, and all form
+        submits in the app will be submitted to a request URI like
+        "saveCustomer.do", which will therefore be mapped to this servlet.
+
+        The initialization parameter names for this servlet are the
+        "servlet path" that will be received by this servlet (after the
+        filename extension is removed).  The corresponding value is the
+        name of the action class that will be used to process this request.
+      </description>
+      <servlet-class>com.mycompany.mypackage.ControllerServlet</servlet-class>
+      <init-param>
+        <param-name>listOrders</param-name>
+        <param-value>com.mycompany.myactions.ListOrdersAction</param-value>
+      </init-param>
+      <init-param>
+        <param-name>saveCustomer</param-name>
+        <param-value>com.mycompany.myactions.SaveCustomerAction</param-value>
+      </init-param>
+      <!-- Load this servlet at server startup time -->
+      <load-on-startup>5</load-on-startup>
+    </servlet>
+
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>graph</servlet-name>
+      <description>
+        This servlet produces GIF images that are dynamically generated
+        graphs, based on the input parameters included on the request.
+        It is generally mapped to a specific request URI like "/graph".
+      </description>
+    </servlet>
+
+
+    <!-- Define mappings that are used by the servlet container to
+         translate a particular request URI (context-relative) to a
+         particular servlet.  The examples below correspond to the
+         servlet descriptions above.  Thus, a request URI like:
+
+           http://localhost:8080/{contextpath}/graph
+
+         will be mapped to the "graph" servlet, while a request like:
+
+           http://localhost:8080/{contextpath}/saveCustomer.do
+
+         will be mapped to the "controller" servlet.
+
+         You may define any number of servlet mappings, including zero.
+         It is also legal to define more than one mapping for the same
+         servlet, if you wish to.
+    -->
+
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>graph</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/graph</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+
+
+    <!-- Define the default session timeout for your application,
+         in minutes.  From a servlet or JSP page, you can modify
+         the timeout for a particular session dynamically by using
+         HttpSession.getMaxInactiveInterval(). -->
+
+    <session-config>
+      <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>    <!-- 30 minutes -->
+    </session-config>
+
+
+</web-app>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/apr.html b/webapps/docs/apr.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9149d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/apr.html
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Apache Portable Runtime (APR) based Native library for Tomcat</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Portable Runtime (APR) based Native library for Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a><ol><li><a href="#Windows">Windows</a></li><li><a href="#Linux">Linux</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#APR_Components">APR Components</a></li><li><a href="#APR_Lifecycle_Listener_Configuration">APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration</a><ol><li><a href="#AprLifecycleListener">AprLifecycleListener</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#APR_Connectors_Configuration">APR Connectors Configuration</a><ol><li><a href="#HTTP/HTTPS">HTTP/HTTPS</a></li><li><a href="#AJP">AJP</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+      Tomcat can use the <a href="http://apr.apache.org/">Apache Portable Runtime</a> to
+      provide superior scalability, performance, and better integration with native server
+      technologies. The Apache Portable Runtime is a highly portable library that is at
+      the heart of Apache HTTP Server 2.x. APR has many uses, including access to advanced IO
+      functionality (such as sendfile, epoll and OpenSSL), OS level functionality (random number
+      generation, system status, etc), and native process handling (shared memory, NT
+      pipes and Unix sockets).
+  </p>
+
+  <p>
+      These features allows making Tomcat a general purpose webserver, will enable much better
+      integration with other native web technologies, and overall make Java much more viable as
+      a full fledged webserver platform rather than simply a backend focused technology.
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      APR support requires three main native components to be installed:
+      <ul>
+        <li>APR library</li>
+        <li>JNI wrappers for APR used by Tomcat (libtcnative)</li>
+        <li>OpenSSL libraries</li>
+      </ul>
+    </p>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Windows"><strong>Windows</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      Windows binaries are provided for tcnative-1, which is a statically compiled .dll which includes
+      OpenSSL and APR. It can be downloaded from <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/download-native.cgi">here</a>
+      as 32bit or AMD x86-64 binaries.
+      In security conscious production environments, it is recommended to use separate shared dlls
+      for OpenSSL, APR, and libtcnative-1, and update them as needed according to security bulletins.
+      Windows OpenSSL binaries are linked from the <a href="http://www.openssl.org">Official OpenSSL
+      website</a> (see related/binaries).
+    </p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Linux"><strong>Linux</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      Most Linux distributions will ship packages for APR and OpenSSL. The JNI wrapper (libtcnative) will
+      then have to be compiled. It depends on APR, OpenSSL, and the Java headers.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      Requirements:
+      <ul>
+        <li>APR 1.2+ development headers (libapr1-dev package)</li>
+        <li>OpenSSL 0.9.7+ development headers (libssl-dev package)</li>
+        <li>JNI headers from Java compatible JDK 1.4+</li>
+        <li>GNU development environment (gcc, make)</li>
+      </ul>
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      The wrapper library sources are located in the Tomcat binary bundle, in the
+      <code>bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz</code> archive.
+      Once the build environment is installed and the source archive is extracted, the wrapper library
+      can be compiled using (from the folder containing the configure script):
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>./configure &amp;&amp; make &amp;&amp; make install</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR Components"><!--()--></a><a name="APR_Components"><strong>APR Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    Once the libraries are properly installed and available to Java (if loading fails, the library path
+    will be displayed), the Tomcat connectors will automatically use APR. Configuration of the connectors
+    is similar to the regular connectors, but have a few extra attributes which are used to configure
+    APR components. Note that the defaults should be well tuned for most use cases, and additional
+    tweaking shouldn't be required.
+  </p>
+
+  <p>
+    When APR is enabled, the following features are also enabled in Tomcat:
+    <ul>
+      <li>Secure session ID generation by default on all platforms (platforms other than Linux required
+          random number generation using a configured entropy)</li>
+      <li>OS level statistics on memory usage and CPU usage by the Tomcat process are displayed by
+          the status servlet</li>
+    </ul>
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="APR_Lifecycle_Listener_Configuration"><strong>APR Lifecycle Listener Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="AprLifecycleListener"><strong>AprLifecycleListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <attribute name="SSLEngine" required="false">
+    <p>
+      Name of the SSLEngine to use. off: Do not use SSL, on: Use SSL but no specific ENGINE.
+      The default value is <b>on</b>.
+      This initializes the native SSL engine, then enable the use of this engine in the connector
+      using the <code>SSLEnabled</code> attribute. Example:
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /&gt;
+      </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+    <p>See the <a href="http://www.openssl.org">Official OpenSSL
+       website</a> for more details on SSL hardware engines and manufacturers.
+    </p>
+    </attribute>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR Connectors Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="APR_Connectors_Configuration"><strong>APR Connectors Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP/HTTPS"><strong>HTTP/HTTPS</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+      <p>For HTTP configuration, see the <a href="config/http.html">HTTP</a>
+      connector configuration documentation.</p>
+
+      <p>For HTTPS configuration, see the
+      <a href="config/http.html#SSL%20Support">HTTPS</a> connector configuration
+      documentation.</p>
+
+      <p>An example SSL Connector declaration is:
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+      &lt;Connector port="443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"
+                 maxThreads="150"
+                 enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
+                 acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"
+                 SSLEnabled="true"
+                 SSLCertificateFile="${catalina.base}/conf/localhost.crt"
+                 SSLCertificateKeyFile="${catalina.base}/conf/localhost.key" /&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+      </p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="AJP"><strong>AJP</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+      <p>For AJP configuration, see the <a href="config/ajp.html">AJP</a>
+      connector configuration documentation.</p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/architecture/index.html b/webapps/docs/architecture/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b5a9d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/architecture/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Architecture (7.0.42) - Table of Contents</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.html">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Table of Contents</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Preface"><strong>Preface</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This section of the Tomcat documentation attempts to explain
+the architecture and design of the Tomcat server.  It includes significant
+contributions from several tomcat developers:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Yoav Shapira
+    (<a href="mailto:yoavs@apache.org">yoavs@apache.org</a>)</li>
+<li>Jeanfrancois Arcand
+    (<a href="mailto:jfarcand@apache.org">jfarcand@apache.org</a>)</li>
+<li>Filip Hanik
+    (<a href="mailto:fhanik@apache.org">fhanik@apache.org</a>)</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The information presented is divided into the following sections:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="overview.html"><strong>Overview</strong></a> -
+    An overview of the Tomcat server architecture with key terms
+    and concepts.</li>
+<li><a href="startup.html"><strong>Server Startup</strong></a> -
+    A detailed description, with sequence diagrams, of how the Tomcat
+    server starts up.</li>
+<li><a href="requestProcess.html"><strong>Request Process Flow</strong></a> -
+    A detailed description of how Tomcat handles a request.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/architecture/overview.html b/webapps/docs/architecture/overview.html
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/architecture/overview.html
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Architecture (7.0.42) - Architecture Overview</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
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+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.html">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Architecture Overview</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+This page provides an overview of the Tomcat server architecture.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Terms"><strong>Terms</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server"><strong>Server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+In the Tomcat world, a
+<a href="../config/server.html">Server</a> represents the whole container.
+Tomcat provides a default implementation of the
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Server.html">Server interface</a>
+which is rarely customized by users.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Service"><strong>Service</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A <a href="../config/service.html">Service</a> is an intermediate component
+which lives inside a Server and ties one or more Connectors to exactly one
+Engine.  The Service element is rarely customized by users, as the default
+implementation is simple and sufficient:
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Service.html">Service interface</a>.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Engine"><strong>Engine</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+An
+<a href="../config/engine.html">Engine</a> represents request processing
+pipeline for a specific Service.  As a Service may have multiple Connectors,
+the Engine receives and processes all requests from these connectors, handing
+the response back to the appropriate connector for transmission to the client.
+The <a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Engine.html">Engine interface</a>
+may be implemented to supply custom Engines, though this is uncommon.
+</p>
+<p>
+Note that the Engine may be used for Tomcat server clustering via the
+jvmRoute parameter.  Read the Clustering documentation for more information.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Host"><strong>Host</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A <a href="../config/host.html">Host</a> is an association of a network name,
+e.g. www.yourcompany.com, to the Tomcat server.  An Engine may contain
+multiple hosts, and the Host element also supports network aliases such as
+yourcompany.com and abc.yourcompany.com.  Users rarely create custom
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Host.html">Hosts</a>
+because the
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/core/StandardHost.html">StandardHost
+implementation</a> provides significant additional functionality.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Connector"><strong>Connector</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A Connector handles communications with the client.  There are multiple
+connectors available with Tomcat. These include the
+<a href="../config/http.html">HTTP connector</a> which is used for
+most HTTP traffic, especially when running Tomcat as a standalone server,
+and the <a href="../config/ajp.html">AJP connector</a> which implements
+the AJP procotol used when connecting Tomcat to a web server such as
+Apache HTTPD server. Creating a customized connector is a significant
+effort.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context"><strong>Context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A
+<a href="../config/context.html">Context</a>
+represents a web application.  A Host may contain multiple
+contexts, each with a unique path.  The
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/Context.html">Context
+interface</a> may be implemented to create custom Contexts, but
+this is rarely the case because the
+<a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/core/StandardContext.html">
+StandardContext</a> provides significant additional functionality.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Comments"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+Tomcat is designed to be a fast and efficient implementation of the
+Servlet Specification.  Tomcat came about as the reference implementation
+of this specification, and has remained rigorous in adhering to the
+specification.  At the same time, significant attention has been paid
+to Tomcat's performance and it is now on par with other servlet containers,
+including commercial ones.
+</p>
+<p>
+In recent releases of Tomcat, mostly starting with Tomcat 5,
+we have begun efforts to make more aspects of Tomcat manageable via
+JMX.  In addition, the Manager and Admin webapps have been greatly
+enhanced and improved.  Manageability is a primary area of concern
+for us as the product matures and the specification becomes more
+stable.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/architecture/overview.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/architecture/requestProcess.html b/webapps/docs/architecture/requestProcess.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9751353
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/architecture/requestProcess.html
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Architecture (7.0.42) - Request Process Flow</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.html">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Request Process Flow</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Process Flow"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Process_Flow"><strong>Request Process Flow</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+This page describes the process used by Tomcat to handle
+an incoming request.  This process is largely defined by
+the Servlet Specification, which outlines the order
+of events that must take place.
+</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="description"><strong>description</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+TODO
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="diagram"><strong>diagram</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A UML sequence diagram of the request process is available
+<a href="requestProcess/requestProcess.pdf">here.</a>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments"><strong>comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+The Servlet Specification provides many opportunities for
+listening in (using Listeners) or modifying (using Filters)
+the request handling process even before the request arrives
+at the servlet that will handle it.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/architecture/requestProcess.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/architecture/requestProcess/requestProcess.pdf b/webapps/docs/architecture/requestProcess/requestProcess.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a171de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/architecture/requestProcess/requestProcess.pdf
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new file mode 100644
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+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)))
+	    (object Mechanism @85
+		logical_models 	(list unit_reference_list
+		    (object Object "StandardHost"
+			quid       	"3DFE0538017B"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE066C0340"
+				supplier   	"StandardHost"
+				quidu      	"3DFE0538017B"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "fireLifecycleEvent(START_EVENT)"
+					quid       	"3DFE066C0341"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"1"
+					ordinal    	0
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE06D20293"
+				supplier   	"HostConfig"
+				quidu      	"3DFE06A60131"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "interested[i].lifecycleEvent()"
+					quid       	"3DFE06D20294"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2"
+					ordinal    	1
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "install()"
+					quid       	"3DFE078B03BB"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"ToClientFromSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2.6"
+					ordinal    	7
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "install()"
+					quid       	"3DFE132D0309"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"ToClientFromSupplier"
+					sequence   	"5"
+					ordinal    	13
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE07B100BD"
+				supplier   	"StandardHostDeployer"
+				quidu      	"3DFE079A0055"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "install()"
+					quid       	"3DFE07B100BE"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3"
+					ordinal    	8
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "install() // same as above"
+					quid       	"3DFE133A036C"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"6"
+					ordinal    	17
+					Operation  	"install()"
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "HostConfig"
+			quid       	"3DFE06A60131"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE06E9028C"
+				supplier   	"HostConfig"
+				quidu      	"3DFE06A60131"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "setDeployXML()"
+					quid       	"3DFE06E9028D"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2.1"
+					ordinal    	2
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "setLiveDeploy()"
+					quid       	"3DFE06F300FF"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2.2"
+					ordinal    	3
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "setUnpacksWar()"
+					quid       	"3DFE06FB00D9"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2.3"
+					ordinal    	4
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "setXMLValidation()"
+					quid       	"3DFE070C0015"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2.4"
+					ordinal    	5
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "deployDescriptors()"
+					quid       	"3DFE073B0031"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2.5"
+					ordinal    	6
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "deployApps()"
+					quid       	"3DFE131F0327"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"4"
+					ordinal    	12
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardHostDeployer"
+			quid       	"3DFE079A0055"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE07D200EC"
+				supplier   	"Digester"
+				quidu      	"3DFE07C9034C"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "create()"
+					quid       	"3DFE07D200ED"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1"
+					ordinal    	9
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "parse()"
+					quid       	"3DFE07D603D7"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.6"
+					ordinal    	16
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "add(ContextRuleSet)"
+					quid       	"3DFE08FA003D"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.3"
+					ordinal    	11
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE087D01E2"
+				supplier   	"StandardHostDeployer"
+				quidu      	"3DFE079A0055")
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE08DA029A"
+				supplier   	"ContextRuleSet"
+				quidu      	"3DFE0834016F"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "new()"
+					quid       	"3DFE08DA029B"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.2"
+					ordinal    	10
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "add(NamingRuleSet())"
+					quid       	"3DFE0907015F"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.5"
+					ordinal    	15
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE08E00090"
+				supplier   	"NamingRuleSet"
+				quidu      	"3DFE08D00173"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "new()"
+					quid       	"3DFE08E00091"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.4"
+					ordinal    	14
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "Digester"
+			quid       	"3DFE07C9034C"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "ContextRuleSet"
+			quid       	"3DFE0834016F"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "NamingRuleSet"
+			quid       	"3DFE08D00173"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)))
+	    (object Mechanism @86
+		logical_models 	(list unit_reference_list
+		    (object Object "Digester"
+			quid       	"3DFE095A0371"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE0E7801DA"
+				supplier   	"Digester"
+				quidu      	"3DFE095A0371"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "parse"
+					quid       	"3DFE0E7801DB"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"1"
+					ordinal    	0
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "startElement()"
+					quid       	"3DFE0F2F03D2"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2"
+					ordinal    	1
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE0F400213"
+				supplier   	"Rule"
+				quidu      	"3DFE0E7400D0"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "begin()"
+					quid       	"3DFE0F400214"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3"
+					ordinal    	2
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "Rule"
+			quid       	"3DFE0E7400D0"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE0FD30265"
+				supplier   	"StandardContext"
+				quidu      	"3DFE0FC502A1"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "newInstance()"
+					quid       	"3DFE0FD30266"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1"
+					ordinal    	3
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE102002E8"
+				supplier   	"SetPropertiesRule"
+				quidu      	"3DFE100303A4"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "begin()"
+					quid       	"3DFE102002E9"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.2"
+					ordinal    	6
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE127F0024"
+				supplier   	"Rule"
+				quidu      	"3DFE0E7400D0")
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE128501C7"
+				supplier   	"SetNextRule"
+				quidu      	"3DFE12690267"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "end()"
+					quid       	"3DFE128501C8"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.3"
+					ordinal    	8
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardContext"
+			quid       	"3DFE0FC502A1"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE114A0192"
+				supplier   	"StandardPipeline"
+				quidu      	"3DFE112F003F"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "setBasic(StandardContextValve)"
+					quid       	"3DFE114A0193"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.2"
+					ordinal    	5
+					Operation  	"setBasic"
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE115E001E"
+				supplier   	"StandardContextValve"
+				quidu      	"3DFE110D0375"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "new()"
+					quid       	"3DFE115E001F"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1"
+					ordinal    	4
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "SetPropertiesRule"
+			quid       	"3DFE100303A4"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE11D50390"
+				supplier   	"StandardContext"
+				quidu      	"3DFE0FC502A1"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "//Using BeanUtil, set the object properties (from ex: admin.xml)"
+					quid       	"3DFE11D50391"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.2.1"
+					ordinal    	7
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardContextValve"
+			quid       	"3DFE110D0375"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardPipeline"
+			quid       	"3DFE112F003F"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "SetNextRule"
+			quid       	"3DFE12690267"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)))
+	    (object Mechanism @87
+		logical_models 	(list unit_reference_list
+		    (object Object "StandardContext"
+			quid       	"3DFE196D00D9"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE200603BD"
+				supplier   	"WebappLoader"
+				quidu      	"3DFE1FFA0347"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "new"
+					quid       	"3DFE200603BE"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.1"
+					ordinal    	5
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE200C0299"
+				supplier   	"StandardContext"
+				quidu      	"3DFE196D00D9"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "setLoader"
+					quid       	"3DFE200C029A"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.2"
+					ordinal    	6
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "setManager"
+					quid       	"3DFE2032001C"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.4"
+					ordinal    	8
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "fireLifecycleEvent(START_EVENT)"
+					quid       	"3DFE205B01A2"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.5"
+					ordinal    	9
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE202C024F"
+				supplier   	"StandardManager"
+				quidu      	"3DFE201F0105"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "new"
+					quid       	"3DFE202C0250"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.3"
+					ordinal    	7
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "start()"
+					quid       	"3DFE20B600E5"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.7"
+					ordinal    	12
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE20960002"
+				supplier   	"ContextConfig"
+				quidu      	"3DFE2087028C"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message " // Notify interested LifecycleListeners"
+					quid       	"3DFE20960003"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6"
+					ordinal    	10
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardHostDeployer"
+			quid       	"3DFE1D8A02DC"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE1FAF0014"
+				supplier   	"StandardHost"
+				quidu      	"3DFE1DF20141"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "addChild"
+					quid       	"3DFE1FB60277"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1"
+					ordinal    	3
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardHost"
+			quid       	"3DFE1DF20141"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE1FC40227"
+				supplier   	"StandardContext"
+				quidu      	"3DFE196D00D9"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "start()"
+					quid       	"3DFE1FC40228"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1"
+					ordinal    	4
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "WebappLoader"
+			quid       	"3DFE1FFA0347"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardManager"
+			quid       	"3DFE201F0105"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "ContextConfig"
+			quid       	"3DFE2087028C"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE20CF018B"
+				supplier   	"ContextConfig"
+				quidu      	"3DFE2087028C"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "start()"
+					quid       	"3DFE20CF018C"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.1"
+					ordinal    	11
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "defaultConfig()"
+					quid       	"3DFE20E303E2"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.2"
+					ordinal    	13
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "applicationConfig()"
+					quid       	"3DFE211D01A1"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3"
+					ordinal    	14
+					Operation  	"applicationConfig"
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE21B60287"
+				supplier   	"Digester"
+				quidu      	"3DFE13960364"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "create()"
+					quid       	"3DFE21B60288"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3.1"
+					ordinal    	15
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "createWarpper() // Invoked by a WebWrapperRule (not Directly by the Digester)"
+					quid       	"3DFE228B03BA"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"ToClientFromSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3.1.2"
+					ordinal    	17
+					Operation  	"createWarpper() // Invoked by a Rule (not Directly by the Digester)"
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE22560061"
+				supplier   	"StandardWrapper"
+				quidu      	"3DFE220C0122"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "new"
+					quid       	"3DFE229A0004"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3.1.2.1"
+					ordinal    	18
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "addInstanceListener()"
+					quid       	"3DFE22A700C1"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3.2"
+					ordinal    	19
+					Operation  	"addInstanceListener"
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "addLifecycleListener()"
+					quid       	"3DFE22C701CC"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3.3"
+					ordinal    	20
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "addContainerListener()"
+					quid       	"3DFE22E80364"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3.4"
+					ordinal    	21
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	TRUE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "Digester"
+			quid       	"3DFE13960364"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE19AE0064"
+				supplier   	"Digester"
+				quidu      	"3DFE13960364"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "parse"
+					quid       	"3DFE19AE0065"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"1"
+					ordinal    	0
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "startElement()"
+					quid       	"3DFE19B102E9"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2"
+					ordinal    	1
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "// Process web.xml * tld.xml"
+					quid       	"3DFE21BE021B"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3.1.1.6.3.1.1"
+					ordinal    	16
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE1DFB0021"
+				supplier   	"StandardHostDeployer"
+				quidu      	"3DFE1D8A02DC"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "addChild"
+					quid       	"3DFE1DFB0022"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3"
+					ordinal    	2
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)))
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE22190225"
+				supplier   	"StandardWrapper"
+				quidu      	"3DFE220C0122"))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)
+		    (object Object "StandardWrapper"
+			quid       	"3DFE220C0122"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)))
+	    (object Mechanism @88
+		logical_models 	(list unit_reference_list
+		    (object Object "ThreadPool"
+			quid       	"3DFE402B02C5"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE40E701AD"
+				supplier   	"TcpWorkerThread"
+				quidu      	"3DFE403200F8"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "runIt()"
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+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
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+					sequence   	"1"
+					ordinal    	0
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
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+			quid       	"3DFE403200F8"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE40FC010D"
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+				quidu      	"3DFE40750177"
+				messages   	(list Messages
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+					quid       	"3DFE40FC010E"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
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+					sequence   	"1.1"
+					ordinal    	1
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
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+			quid       	"3DFE40750177"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
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+				quid       	"3DFE4111029E"
+				supplier   	"Http11Protocol"
+				quidu      	"3DFE40750177"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "process()"
+					quid       	"3DFE4111029F"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"1.1.1"
+					ordinal    	2
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "parseHeaders()"
+					quid       	"3DFE415C0151"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"2"
+					ordinal    	3
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
+				    (object Message "prepareRequest()"
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+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
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+					sequence   	"3"
+					ordinal    	4
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quid       	"3DFE41D60106"
+				supplier   	"CoyoteAdapter"
+				quidu      	"3DFE410600DF"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "service()"
+					quid       	"3DFE41D60107"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"4"
+					ordinal    	5
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
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+			quid       	"3DFE410600DF"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
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+				quid       	"3DFE422C01F0"
+				supplier   	"CoyoteAdapter"
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+				messages   	(list Messages
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+					sequence   	"5"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quid       	"3DFE42800237"
+				supplier   	"StandardEngine"
+				quidu      	"3DFE424B0349"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "invoke()"
+					quid       	"3DFE42800238"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"6"
+					ordinal    	7
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
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+			collaborators 	(list link_list
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+				supplier   	"StandardPipeline"
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+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
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+					sequence   	"6.1"
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+					Operation  	"invoke"
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
+			persistence 	"Transient"
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+			collaborators 	(list link_list
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+				supplier   	"StandardValveContext"
+				quidu      	"3DFE42C002B1"
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+					quid       	"3DFE42CE0230"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
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+					sequence   	"6.1.1"
+					ordinal    	9
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+			persistence 	"Transient"
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+			multi      	FALSE)
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+			quid       	"3DFE42C002B1"
+			persistence 	"Transient"
+			creationObj 	FALSE
+			multi      	FALSE)))
+	    (object Mechanism @89
+		logical_models 	(list unit_reference_list
+		    (object Object "StandardContextValve"
+			quid       	"3DFE4307001E"
+			collaborators 	(list link_list
+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE434C019A"
+				supplier   	"StandardEngineValve"
+				quidu      	"3DFE432801F3"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "invoke()"
+					quid       	"3DFE434C019B"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
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+					sequence   	"1"
+					ordinal    	0
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+			    (object Link
+				quid       	"3DFE43C203A3"
+				supplier   	"ErrorReportValve"
+				quidu      	"3DFE438C028D"
+				messages   	(list Messages
+				    (object Message "invoke()"
+					quid       	"3DFE43C203A4"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"FromClientToSupplier"
+					sequence   	"3"
+					ordinal    	4
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE)
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+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
+					dir        	"ToClientFromSupplier"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quidu      	"3DFE451F01EC"
+				messages   	(list Messages
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+					synchronization 	"Simple"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quid       	"3DFE43B903BE"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+			persistence 	"Transient"
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+				quidu      	"3DFE47310130"
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+					quid       	"3DFE47CD0167"
+					frequency  	"Aperiodic"
+					synchronization 	"Simple"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quidu      	"3DFE47C100F1"
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+					synchronization 	"Simple"
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+					ordinal    	11
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
+					creation   	FALSE))))
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+	    (object Mechanism @90
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+					ordinal    	0
+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quid       	"3DFE48EA0039"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quidu      	"3DFE49890056"
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+					quidu      	"000000000000"
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+				quidu      	"3DFE490303A7"
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+				    (object Message "map //return Wrapper"
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+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"cONTAINERCounter"
+			value      	0)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TablePrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ViewPrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DomainPrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TriggerPrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IndexPrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ConstraintPrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"StoreProcedurePrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"PrimaryKeyPrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ForeignKeyPrefix"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TableSpacePrefix"
+			value      	"")))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Module-Spec"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsDatabase"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TargetDatabase"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Location"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsTableSpace"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TableSpaceType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsDeault"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"BufferPool"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ExtentSize"
+			value      	1)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"PrefetchSize"
+			value      	1)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"PageSize"
+			value      	4)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ManagedBy"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ContainerList"
+			value      	"")))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Category"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmSchema"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmDomainPackage"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsSchema"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsDomainPackage"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsRootSchema"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsRootDomainPackage"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsSchemaPackage"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DatabaseID"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DBMS"
+			value      	"")))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Class"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsTable"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsView"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsDomain"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsSPPackage"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Synonymns"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TableSpaceID"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"SourceId"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"SourceType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"CorrelationName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"SelectClause"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsUpdateable"
+			value      	TRUE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"CheckOption"
+			value      	"None")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsSnapShot"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsDistinct"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"PersistToServer"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsPackage"
+			value      	FALSE)))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Attribute"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Ordinal"
+			value      	0)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsIdentity"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsUnique"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"NullsAllowed"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Length"
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+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Scale"
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+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ColumnType"
+			value      	"Native")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ForBitData"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DefaultValueType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DefaultValue"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"SourceId"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"SourceType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"OID"
+			value      	FALSE)))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Association"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsRelationship"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"SourceId"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"SourceType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"RIMethod"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ParentUpdateRule"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ParentUpdateRuleName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ParentDeleteRule"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ParentDeleteRuleName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ChildInsertRestrict"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ChildInsertRestrictName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ChildMultiplicity"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ChildMultiplicityName"
+			value      	"")))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Role"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ConstraintName"
+			value      	"")))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Operation"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsConstraint"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ConstraintType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsIndex"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsTrigger"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsStoredProcedure"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsCluster"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TableSpace"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"FillFactor"
+			value      	0)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"KeyList"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"CheckPredicate"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsUnique"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DeferalMode"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"InitialCheckTime"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"TriggerType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsInsertEvent"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsUpdateEvent"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsDeleteEvent"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"RefOldTable"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"RefNewTable"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"RefOldRow"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"RefNewRow"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsRow"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"WhenClause"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Language"
+			value      	"SQL")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ProcType"
+			value      	"Procedure")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsDeterministic"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ParameterStyle"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ReturnedNull"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ExternalName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Length"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Scale"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ForBitData"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DefaultValue"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DefaultValueType"
+			value      	"")))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"default__Parameter"
+		value      	(list Attribute_Set
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"dmItem"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DMName"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsInParameter"
+			value      	TRUE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"IsOutParameter"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Ordinal"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Length"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"Scale"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"ForBitData"
+			value      	FALSE)
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DefaultValueType"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"DefaultValue"
+			value      	"")
+		    (object Attribute
+			tool       	"Data Modeler"
+			name       	"OperationID"
+			value      	"")))
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler"
+		name       	"HiddenTool"
+		value      	FALSE)
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Data Modeler Communicator"
+		name       	"HiddenTool"
+		value      	FALSE)
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Deploy"
+		name       	"HiddenTool"
+		value      	FALSE)
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Rose Model Integrator"
+		name       	"HiddenTool"
+		value      	FALSE)
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Rose Web Publisher"
+		name       	"HiddenTool"
+		value      	FALSE)
+	    (object Attribute
+		tool       	"Web Modeler"
+		name       	"HiddenTool"
+		value      	FALSE))
+	quid       	"3DFDF6CE0374"))
diff --git a/webapps/docs/architecture/startup.html b/webapps/docs/architecture/startup.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce2457f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/architecture/startup.html
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Architecture (7.0.42) - Startup</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Architecture Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="overview.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="startup.html">Server Startup</a></li><li><a href="requestProcess.html">Request Process</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Startup</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server Startup"><!--()--></a><a name="Server_Startup"><strong>Server Startup</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+This page describes how the Tomcat server starts up.  There are several
+different ways to start tomcat, including:
+<ul>
+  <li>From the command line.</li>
+  <li>From a Java program as an embedded server.</li>
+  <li>Automatically as a Windows service.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="description"><strong>description</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A text description of the startup procedure is available
+<a href="startup/serverStartup.txt">here.</a>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="diagram"><strong>diagram</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+A UML sequence diagram of the startup procedure is available
+<a href="startup/serverStartup.pdf">here.</a>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments"><strong>comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+The startup process can be customized in many ways, both
+by modifying Tomcat code and by implementing your own
+LifecycleListeners which are then registered in the server.xml
+configuration file.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/architecture/startup.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/architecture/startup/serverStartup.pdf b/webapps/docs/architecture/startup/serverStartup.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34aa598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/architecture/startup/serverStartup.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/docs/architecture/startup/serverStartup.txt b/webapps/docs/architecture/startup/serverStartup.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36981df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/architecture/startup/serverStartup.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+
+Tomcat 5 Startup Sequence
+
+Sequence 1. Start from Command Line
+Class: org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
+What it does:
+    a) Set up classloaders
+        commonLoader (common)-> System Loader
+        sharedLoader (shared)-> commonLoader -> System Loader
+        catalinaLoader(server) -> commonLoader -> System Loader
+    b) Load startup class (reflection)
+        org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina
+        setParentClassloader -> sharedLoader
+        Thread.contextClassloader -> catalinaLoader
+    c) Bootstrap.daemon.init() complete
+
+Sequence 2. Process command line argument (start, startd, stop, stopd)
+Class: org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap (assume command->start)
+What it does:
+    a) Catalina.setAwait(true);
+    b) Catalina.load()
+        b1) initDirs() -> set properties like
+                          catalina.home
+                          catalina.base == catalina.home (most cases)
+        b2) initNaming
+            setProperty(javax.naming.Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY,
+                    org.apache.naming.java.javaURLContextFactory ->default)
+        b3) createStartDigester()
+            Configures a digester for the main server.xml elements like
+            org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer (can change of course :)
+            org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources
+                Stores naming resources in the J2EE JNDI tree
+            org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener
+                implements events for start/stop of major components
+            org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService
+                The single entry for a set of connectors,
+                so that a container can listen to multiple connectors
+                ie, single entry
+            org.apache.coyote.tomcat5.CoyoteConnector
+                Connectors to listen for incoming requests only
+            It also adds the following rulesets to the digester
+                NamingRuleSet
+                EngineRuleSet
+                HostRuleSet
+                ContextRuleSet
+        b4) Load the server.xml and parse it using the digester
+            Parsing the server.xml using the digester is an automatic
+            XML-object mapping tool, that will create the objects defined in server.xml
+            Startup of the actual container has not started yet.
+        b5) Assigns System.out and System.err to the SystemLogHandler class
+        b6) Calls initialize on all components, this makes each object register itself with the
+            JMX agent.
+            During the process call the Connectors also initialize the adapters.
+            The adapters are the components that do the request pre-processing.
+            Typical adapters are HTTP1.1 (default if no protocol is specified,
+            org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol)
+            AJP1.3 for mod_jk etc.
+
+    c) Catalina.start()
+        c1) Starts the NamingContext and binds all JNDI references into it
+        c2) Starts the services under <Server> which are:
+            StandardService -> starts Engine (ContainerBase ->Logger,Loader,Realm,Cluster etc)
+        c3) StandardHost (started by the service)
+                Configures a ErrorReportValvem to do proper HTML output for different HTTP
+                errors codes
+                Starts the Valves in the pipeline (at least the ErrorReportValve)
+                Configures the StandardHostValve,
+                    this valves ties the Webapp Class loader to the thread context
+                    it also finds the session for the request
+                    and invokes the context pipeline
+                Starts the HostConfig component
+                    This component deploys all the webapps
+                        (webapps & conf/Catalina/localhost/*.xml)
+                    Webapps are installed using the deployer (StandardHostDeployer)
+                    The deployer will create a Digester for your context, this digester
+                    will then invoke ContextConfig.start()
+                        The ContextConfig.start() will process the default web.xml (conf/web.xml)
+                        and then process the applications web.xml (WEB-INF/web.xml)
+
+        c4) During the lifetime of the container (StandardEngine) there is a background thread that
+            keeps checking if the context has changed. If a context changes (timestamp of war file,
+            context xml file, web.xml) then a reload is issued (stop/remove/deploy/start)
+
+    d) Tomcat receives a request on an HTTP port
+        d1) The request is received by a separate thread which is waiting in the PoolTcpEndPoint
+             class. It is waiting for a request in a regular ServerSocket.accept() method.
+             When a request is received, this thread wakes up.
+        d2) The PoolTcpEndPoint assigns the a TcpConnection to handle the request.
+            It also supplies a JMX object name to the catalina container (not used I believe)
+        d3) The processor to handle the request in this case is Coyote Http11Processor,
+            and the process method is invoked.
+            This same processor is also continuing to check the input stream of the socket
+            until the keep alive point is reached or the connection is disconnected.
+        d4) The HTTP request is parsed using an internal buffer class (Coyote Http11 Internal Buffer)
+            The buffer class parses the request line, the headers, etc and store the result in a
+            Coyote request (not an HTTP request) This request contains all the HTTP info, such
+            as servername, port, scheme, etc.
+        d5) The processor contains a reference to an Adapter, in this case it is the
+            Coyote Tomcat 5 Adapter. Once the request has been parsed, the Http11 processor
+            invokes service() on the adapter. In the service method, the Request contains a
+            CoyoteRequest and CoyoteRespons (null for the first time)
+            The CoyoteRequest(Response) implements HttpRequest(Response) and HttpServletRequest(Response)
+            The adapter parses and associates everything with the request, cookies, the context through a
+            Mapper, etc
+        d6) When the parsing is finished, the CoyoteAdapter invokes its container (StandardEngine)
+            and invokes the invoke(request,response) method.
+            This initiates the HTTP request into the Catalina container starting at the engine level
+        d7) The StandardEngine.invoke() simply invokes the container pipeline.invoke()
+        d8) By default the engine only has one valve the StandardEngineValve, this valve simply
+            invokes the invoke() method on the Host pipeline (StandardHost.getPipeLine())
+        d9) the StandardHost has two valves by default, the StandardHostValve and the ErrorReportValve
+        d10) The standard host valve associates the correct class loader with the current thread
+             It also retrieves the Manager and the session associated with the request (if there is one)
+             If there is a session access() is called to keep the session alive
+        d11) After that the StandardHostValve invokes the pipeline on the context associated
+             with the request.
+        d12) The first valve that gets invoked by the Context pipeline is the FormAuthenticator
+             valve. Then the StandardContextValve gets invoke.
+             The StandardContextValve invokes any context listeners associated with the context.
+             Next it invokes the pipeline on the Wrapper component (StandardWrapperValve)
+        d13) During the invocation of the StandardWrapperValve, the JSP wrapper (Jasper) gets invoked
+             This results in the actual compilation of the JSP.
+             And then invokes the actual servlet.
+    e) Invocation of the servlet class
diff --git a/webapps/docs/balancer-howto.html b/webapps/docs/balancer-howto.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81514b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/balancer-howto.html
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Load Balancer HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Andy Oliver"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Load Balancer HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Using_the_JK_1.2.x_native_connector">Using the JK 1.2.x native connector</a></li><li><a href="#Using_Apache_HTTP_Server_2.x_with_mod_proxy">Using Apache HTTP Server 2.x with mod_proxy</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using the JK 1.2.x native connector"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_the_JK_1.2.x_native_connector"><strong>Using the JK 1.2.x native connector</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+Please refer to the JK 1.2.x documentation.
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using Apache HTTP Server 2.x with mod_proxy"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_Apache_HTTP_Server_2.x_with_mod_proxy"><strong>Using Apache HTTP Server 2.x with mod_proxy</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+Please refer to the mod_proxy documentation for Apache HTTP Server 2.2. This supports either
+HTTP or AJP load balancing. This new version of mod_proxy is also usable with
+Apache HTTP Server 2.0, but mod_proxy will have to be compiled separately using the code
+from Apache HTTP Server 2.2.
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/balancer-howto.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/building.html b/webapps/docs/building.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ee9662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/building.html
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Building Tomcat</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat, Tim Whittington"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Building Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Download_a_Java_Development_Kit_(JDK)_version_6">Download a Java Development Kit (JDK) version 6</a></li><li><a href="#Install_Apache_Ant_1.8.1_or_later">Install Apache Ant 1.8.1 or later</a></li><li><a href="#Checkout_or_obtain_the_source_code_for_Tomcat_7.0">Checkout or obtain the source code for Tomcat 7.0</a></li><li><a href="#Building_Tomcat">Building Tomcat</a></li><li><a href="#Building_with_Eclipse">Building with Eclipse</a></li><li><a href="#Building_with_other_IDEs">Building with other IDEs</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+Building Apache Tomcat from source is very easy, and is the first step to contributing to
+Tomcat. The following is a step by step guide.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Download a Java Development Kit (JDK) version 6"><!--()--></a><a name="Download_a_Java_Development_Kit_(JDK)_version_6"><strong>Download a Java Development Kit (JDK) version 6</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+Building Apache Tomcat requires a JDK (version 6) to be installed. You can download one from<br>
+<a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html">http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html</a><br>
+or from another JDK vendor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>IMPORTANT</b>: Set an environment variable JAVA_HOME to the pathname of the
+directory into which you installed the JDK release.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Install Apache Ant 1.8.1 or later"><!--()--></a><a name="Install_Apache_Ant_1.8.1_or_later"><strong>Install Apache Ant 1.8.1 or later</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+Download a binary distribution of Ant 1.8.1 or later from
+<a href="http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi">here</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Unpack the binary distribution into a convenient location so that the
+Ant release resides in its own directory (conventionally named
+<code>apache-ant-1.8.x</code>).  For the remainder of this guide,
+the symbolic name <code>${ant.home}</code> is used to refer to the full pathname of
+ the Ant installation directory directory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>IMPORTANT</b>: Create an ANT_HOME environment variable to point the directory <code>${ant.home}</code>,
+and modify the PATH environment variable to include directory
+<code>${ant.home}/bin</code> in its list.  This makes the <code>ant</code> command line script
+available, which will be used to actually perform the build.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Checkout or obtain the source code for Tomcat 7.0"><!--()--></a><a name="Checkout_or_obtain_the_source_code_for_Tomcat_7.0"><strong>Checkout or obtain the source code for Tomcat 7.0</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+  Tomcat 7.0 SVN repository URL:
+  <a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk/">http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk/</a>
+  </p>
+  <p>
+  Tomcat source packages:
+  <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi">http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi</a>.
+  </p>
+
+  <p>
+  Checkout the source using SVN, selecting a tag for released version or
+  trunk for the current development code, or download and unpack a
+  source package. For the remainder of this guide, the symbolic name
+  <code>${tomcat.source}</code> is used to refer to the
+  location where the source has been placed.
+  </p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Building Tomcat"><!--()--></a><a name="Building_Tomcat"><strong>Building Tomcat</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+Use the following commands to build Tomcat:
+<br>
+<code><br>
+    cd ${tomcat.source}<br>
+    ant<br>
+</code>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>WARNING:</b> Running this command will download libraries required
+  to build Tomcat to the <code>/usr/share/java</code> directory by default.
+  On a typical Linux or MacOX system, an ordinary user
+  will not have access to write to this directory, and, even if you do,
+  it is likely not appropriate for you to write there. On Windows
+  this usually corresponds to the <code>C:\usr\share\java</code> directory,
+  unless Cygwin is used. Read below to learn how to customize the directory
+  used to download the binaries.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>NOTE:</b> Users accessing the Internet through a proxy must use a properties
+  file to indicate to Ant the proxy configuration. Read below for details.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+  The build can be controlled by creating a <code>${tomcat.source}/build.properties</code>
+  file and adding the following content to it:
+<br>
+<code><br>
+    # ----- Proxy setup -----<br>
+    # Uncomment if using a proxy server.<br>
+    #proxy.host=proxy.domain<br>
+    #proxy.port=8080<br>
+    #proxy.use=on<br>
+<br>
+    # ----- Default Base Path for Dependent Packages -----<br>
+    # Replace this path with the directory path where<br>
+    # dependencies binaries should be downloaded.<br>
+    base.path=/home/me/some-place-to-download-to<br>
+</code>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Once the build has completed successfully, a usable Tomcat installation will have been
+produced in the <code>${tomcat.source}/output/build</code> directory, and can be started
+and stopped with the usual scripts.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Building with Eclipse"><!--()--></a><a name="Building_with_Eclipse"><strong>Building with Eclipse</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<b>IMPORTANT:</b> This is not a supported means of building Tomcat; this information is
+provided without warranty :-).
+The only supported means of building Tomcat is with the Ant build described above.
+However, some developers like to work on Java code with a Java IDE,
+and the following steps have been used by some developers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>NOTE:</b> This will not let you build everything under Eclipse;
+the build process requires use of Ant for the many stages that aren't
+simple Java compilations.
+However, it will allow you to view and edit the Java code,
+get warnings, reformat code, perform refactorings, run Tomcat
+under the IDE, and so on.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>WARNING:</b> Do not forget to create and configure
+  <code>${tomcat.source}/build.properties</code> file as described above
+  before running any Ant targets.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Sample Eclipse project files and launch targets are provided in the
+<code>res/ide-support/eclipse</code> directory of the source tree.
+The instructions below will automatically copy these into the required locations.
+</p>
+<p>
+An Ant target is provided as a convenience to download all binary dependencies, and to create
+the Eclipse project and classpath files in the root of the source tree.
+<br>
+<code><br>
+    cd ${tomcat.source}<br>
+    ant ide-eclipse<br>
+</code>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Start Eclipse and create a new Workspace.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Open the <em>Preferences</em> dialog and then select <em>Java-&gt;Build Path-&gt;Classpath
+Variables</em> to add two new <em>Classpath Variables</em>:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<table border="1">
+ <tr><td>TOMCAT_LIBS_BASE</td><td>The same location as the <code>base.path</code>
+  setting in <code>build.properties</code>, where the binary dependencies have been downloaded</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>ANT_HOME</td><td>the base path of Ant 1.8.1 or later</td></tr>
+</table>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Use <em>File-&gt;Import</em> and choose <em>Existing Projects into Workspace</em>.
+From there choose the root directory of the Tomcat source tree (<code>${tomcat.source}</code>)
+and import the Tomcat project located there.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<code>start-tomcat</code> and <code>stop-tomcat</code> launch configurations are provided in
+<code>res/ide-support/eclipse</code> and will be available in the <em>Run-&gt;Run Configurations</em>
+dialog. Use these to start and stop Tomcat from Eclipse.
+<br>If you want to configure these yourself (or are using a different IDE)
+then use <code>org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap</code> as the main class,
+<code>start</code>/<code>stop</code> etc. as program arguments, and specify <code>-Dcatalina.home=...</code>
+(with the name of your build directory) as VM arguments.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tweaking a few formatting preferences will make it much easier to keep consistent with Tomcat
+coding conventions (and have your contributions accepted):
+</p>
+<p>
+<table border="1">
+  <tr><td>Java -&gt; Code Style -&gt; Formatter -&gt; Edit...</td>
+  <td>Tab policy: Spaces only<br>Tab and Indentation size: 4</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>General -&gt; Editors -&gt; Text Editors</td>
+  <td>Displayed tab width: 2<br>Insert spaces for tabs<br>Show whitespace characters (optional)</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>XML -&gt; XML Files -&gt; Editor</td><td>Indent using spaces<br>Indentation size: 2</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>Ant -&gt; Editor -&gt; Formatter</td><td>Tab size: 2<br>Use tab character instead of spaces: unchecked</td></tr>
+</table>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Building with other IDEs"><!--()--></a><a name="Building_with_other_IDEs"><strong>Building with other IDEs</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+The same general approach should work for most IDEs; it has been reported
+to work in IntelliJ IDEA, for example.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
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+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - CGI How To</title><meta name="author" content="Glenn L. Nielsen"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>CGI How To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li><li><a href="#Configuration">Configuration</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The CGI (Common Gateway Interface) defines a way for a web server to
+interact with external content-generating programs, which are often
+referred to as CGI programs or CGI scripts.
+</p>
+
+<p>Within Tomcat, CGI support can be added when you are using Tomcat as your
+HTTP server and require CGI support.  Typically this is done
+during development when you don't want to run a web server like
+Apache httpd.
+Tomcat's CGI support is largely compatible with Apache httpd's,
+but there are some limitations (e.g., only one cgi-bin directory).
+</p>
+
+<p>CGI support is implemented using the servlet class
+<code>org.apache.catalina.servlets.CGIServlet</code>.  Traditionally,
+this servlet is mapped to the URL pattern "/cgi-bin/*".</p>
+
+<p>By default CGI support is disabled in Tomcat.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p><strong>CAUTION</strong> - CGI scripts are used to execute programs
+external to the Tomcat JVM. If you are using the Java SecurityManager this
+will bypass your security policy configuration in <code>catalina.policy.</code></p>
+
+<p>Remove the XML comments from around the CGI servlet and servlet-mapping
+configuration in <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>.</p>
+
+<p>Only Contexts which are marked as privileged may use the CGI servlet (see the
+privileged property of the Context element).</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuration"><strong>Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>There are several servlet init parameters which can be used to
+configure the behaviour of the CGI servlet.
+<ul>
+<li><strong>cgiPathPrefix</strong> - The CGI search path will start at
+the web application root directory + File.separator + this prefix.
+The default cgiPathPrefix is <code>WEB-INF/cgi</code></li>
+<li><strong>debug</strong> - Debugging detail level for messages logged
+by this servlet. Default 0.</li>
+<li><strong>executable</strong> - The of the executable to be used to
+run the script. You may explicitly set this parameter to be an empty string
+if your script is itself executable (e.g. an exe file). Default is
+<code>perl</code>.</li>
+<li><strong>executable-arg-1</strong>, <strong>executable-arg-2</strong>,
+and so on - additional arguments for the executable. These precede the
+CGI script name. By default there are no additional arguments.</li>
+<li><strong>parameterEncoding</strong> - Name of the parameter encoding
+to be used with the CGI servlet. Default is
+<code>System.getProperty("file.encoding","UTF-8")</code>.</li>
+<li><strong>passShellEnvironment</strong> - Should the shell environment
+variables (if any) be passed to the CGI script? Default is
+<code>false</code>.</li>
+<li><strong>stderrTimeout</strong> - The time (in milliseconds) to wait for
+the reading of stderr to complete before terminating the CGI process. Default
+is 2000.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Changelog</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><meta name="author" content="Rainer Jung"><meta name="author" content="Konstantin Kolinko"><meta name="author" content="Peter Rossbach"><meta name="author" content="Keiichi Fujino"><meta name="author" content="Tim Whittington"><meta name="author" content="Mladen Turk"><meta name="author" content="Christopher Schultz"><meta name="author" content="Sylvain Laurent"><meta name="author" content="Violeta Georgieva"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
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+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Changelog</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.42_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.42_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Enforce the restriction described in section 4.4 of the Servlet 3.0
+        specification that requires the new pluggability methods only to be
+        available to <code>ServletContextListener</code>s defined in one of the
+        specified ways. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Better handle FORM authentication when requesting a resource as an
+        unauthenticated user that is only protected for a sub-set of HTTP
+        methods that does not include GET. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53777">53777</a>: Add support for a JAAS Realm instance to use a
+        dedicated configuration rather than the JVM global JAAS configuration.
+        This is most likely to be useful for per web application JAAS Realms.
+        Based on a patch by eolivelli. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54745">54745</a>: Fix JAR file scanning when Tomcat is deployed via Java
+        Web Start. Patch provided by Nick Williams. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55017">55017</a>: Add the ability to configure the RMI bind address when
+        using the JMX remote lifecycle listener. Patch provided by Alexey
+        Noskov. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55071">55071</a>: Ensure original exception is reported if JDBC Realm
+        fails to read a user's credentials. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55073">55073</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55108">55108</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55109">55109</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55110">55110</a>,
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55158">55158</a> &amp; <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55159">55159</a>: Small performance improvements.
+        Patches provided by Adrian Nistor. (markt/violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55102">55102</a>: Add support for time to first byte in the
+        AccessLogValve. Patch provided by Jeremy Boynes. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55125">55125</a>: If the Server container fails to start, don't allow
+        the Catalina wrapper to start (used when running from the command line
+        and when running as a service) since Tomcat will not be able to do any
+        useful work. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the <code>JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</code> to take account
+        of changes in the behaviour of
+        <code>java.beans.Introspector.flushCaches()</code> and
+        <code>sun.awt.AppContext.getAppContext()</code> in Java 7. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid WARNING log message of
+        <code>Users:type=UserDatabase,database=UserDatabase</code> at Tomcat
+        shutdown. (pero)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid <code>ClassCastException</code> when an asynchronous dispatch is
+        invoked in an asynchronous cycle which is started by a call to
+        <code>ServletRequest.startAsync(ServletRequest,ServletResponse)</code>
+        where ServletRequest/ServletResponse are custom implementations.
+        (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression introduced in 7.0.39 (refactoring of base 64
+        encoding and decoding) that broke the JNDI Realm when
+        <code>userPassword</code> was set and passwords were hashed with MD5 or
+        SHA1. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the mechanism for the path calculation in
+        <code>AsyncContext.dispatch()</code>. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55155">55155</a>: Avoid constant focus grabbing when running the Tomcat
+        unit tests under Java 6 on OSX. Patch provided by Casey Lucas. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55160">55160</a>: Don't ignore connectionUploadTimeout setting when
+        using HTTP NIO connector. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55176">55176</a>: Correctly handle regular expressions within SSI
+        expressions that contain an equals character. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.42_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55177">55177</a>: Correctly handle infinite soTimeout for BIO HTTP
+        connector. Based on a patch by Nick Bunn. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55180">55180</a>: Correctly handle infinite soTimeout when
+        <code>disableUploadTimeout</code> is set to false. Patch provided by
+        Nick Bunn. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.42_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Delete leftover of war file from tempDir when removing invalid
+        <code>FileMessageFactory</code>. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that the keepAlive of NioSender works correctly when
+        <code>keepAliveCount</code>/<code>keepAliveTime</code> is set to a value
+        greater than 0. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add logging of when a member is unable to join the cluster. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Replace Tribes's <code>TaskQueue</code> as executor's
+        workQueue in order to ensure that executor's <code>maxThread</code>
+        works correctly. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54086">54086</a>: Fix an additional code path that could lead to
+        multiple threads attempting to modify the same selector key set. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.42_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Complete the document for <code>MessageDispatch15Interceptor</code>.
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53655">53655</a>: Document the circumstances under which Tomcat will add
+        a <code>javax.mail.Authenticator</code> to mail sessions created via a
+        JNDI resource. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55179">55179</a>: Correct the Javadoc for the remote IP valve so the
+        correct name is used to refer to the <code>proxiesHeader</code>
+        property. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.42_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55031">55031</a>: Fixed <code>Export-Package</code> header and
+        <code>uses</code> directives in MANIFEST.MF. Change the version for
+        package <code>org.apache.juli.logging</code> to "0" in
+        <code>Import-Package</code> header. Thus any version of that package
+        can be used. Patch provided by Martin Lichtin. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.42 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.42_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Maven Cental location used to download dependencies at build time
+        to be <code>repo.maven.apache.org</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update JUnit to version 4.11. Configure separate download for Hamcrest
+        1.3 core library as its classes are no longer included in junit.jar.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54013">54013</a>: When using a forced stop, allow a short period of time
+        (5s) for the process to die before returning. Patch provided by
+        mukarram.baig. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55119">55119</a>: Ensure that the build process produces Javadoc that is
+        not vulnerable to CVE-2013-1571. Based on a patch by Uwe Schindler.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.41 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.41_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.41 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2013-06-10</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.41 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.41_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54703">54703</a>: Make parsing of HTTP Content-Type headers tolerant of
+        any CR or LF characters that appear in the value passed by the
+        application. Also fix some whitespace parsing issues identified by the
+        additional test cases. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent possible WAR file locking when reading a context.xml file from
+        an unexpanded WAR file. Note that in normal usage, the
+        <code>JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</code> would protect against this.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that when auto deployment runs for a Host, it uses the latest
+        values for copyXML, deployXML and unpackWARs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54939">54939</a>: Provide logging (using a UserDataHelper) when HTTP
+        header parsing fails (e.g. when maxHeaderCount is exceeded). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54944">54944</a>: Enhancements to the unit tests for FORM
+        authentication. Patch provided by Brian Burch. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54955">54955</a>: When a reload of the application is performed ensure
+        that a subsequent request to the context root does not result in a 404
+        response. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54971">54971</a>: Ensure that the correct location is used when writing
+        files via <code>javax.servlet.http.Part.write(String)</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54974">54974</a>: Ensure that 
+        <code>SessionCookieConfig#set&lt;methods&gt;</code>
+        will throw <code>IllegalStateException</code> if the
+        <code>ServletContext</code> from which this 
+        <code>SessionCookieConfig</code> was acquired has already been
+        initialized. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54981">54981</a>: Ensure that
+        <code>ServletContext#getJspConfigDescriptor()</code> will return
+        <code>null</code> when there is no jsp configuration provided by
+        web.xml/web-fragment.xml. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that when Tomcat's anti-resource locking features are used
+        that the temporary copy of the web application and not the original is
+        removed when the web application stops. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54984">54984</a>: Use the correct encoding when processing a form data
+        posted as multipart/form-data even when the request parameters are not
+        parsed. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54999">54999</a>: The old JSESSIONIDSSO needs to be removed when SSO is
+        being used and logout() and login() occur within a single request. Patch
+        provided by Keith Mashinter. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55035">55035</a>: Add support for the version attribute to the deploy
+        command of the Ant tasks for interfacing with the text based Manager
+        application. Patch provided by  Sergey Tcherednichenko. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55046">55046</a>: Add a Servlet Filter that implements
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/cors/">CORS</a>. Patch
+        provided by Mohit Soni. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55052">55052</a>: JULI's LogManager now additionally looks for
+        logging properties without prefixes if the property cannot be found with
+        a prefix. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that only the first asynchronous dispatch operation for a given
+        asynchronous cycle will be performed. Any subsequent asynchronous
+        dispatch operation for the same asynchronous cycle will be ignored and
+        <code>IllegalStateException</code> will be thrown. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.41 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.41_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54947">54947</a>: Fix the HTTP NIO connector that incorrectly rejected a
+        request if the CRLF terminating the request line was split across
+        multiple packets. Patch by Konstantin Prei&szlig;er. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.41 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.41_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54964">54964</a>: Allow tag plug-ins to be packaged with a web
+        application. Patch provided by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54968">54968</a>: Return the correct version number (2.2) of the JSP
+        specification that is supported by the JSP engine when
+        <code>javax.servlet.jsp.JspEngineInfo#getSpecificationVersion()</code>
+        is invoked. (violetagg) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.41 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.41_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add <code>maxValidTime</code> attribute to prevent the leak of
+        <code>FileMessageFactory</code> in <code>FarmWarDeployer</code>.
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Simplify the code of <code>ReplicationValve</code>: Rather than get
+        cluster instance from container on every request, use instance variable.
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add <code>maxWait</code> attribute that the senderPool will wait when
+        there are no available senders. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve error message by including specified timeout if failed to
+        retrieve a data sender. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add <code>removeSuspectsTimeout</code> attribute in order to remove a
+        suspect node in TcpFailureDetector. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.41 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.41_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54931">54931</a>: Add information to the Window Service how-to about
+        installing and running multiple instances. Based on a patch by Chris
+        Derham. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54932">54932</a>: Correct the link to Tribes documentation. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add document for
+        <code>o.a.c.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector</code>.
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2013-05-09</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Tomcat's internal copy of Commons FileUpload to FileUpload 1.3.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54178">54178</a>: Protect against <code>AsyncListener</code>
+        implementations that throw <code>RuntimeException</code>s in response to
+        an event. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54791">54791</a>: Restore <code>tools.jar</code> entry in
+        <code>jarsToSkip</code> property to prevent warnings when running Tomcat
+        from Eclipse. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54851">54851</a>: When scanning for web fragments, directories without
+        any web-fragment.xml should not impact the status of distributable
+        element. Patch provided by Trask Stalnaker. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When an error occurs during the sending of a WebSocket message, notify
+        the Inbound side (where all the events occur that the application reacts
+        to) that an error has occurred and that the connection is being closed.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54906">54906</a>: Better error message if a
+        <code>ConcurrentModificationException</code> occurs while checking for
+        memory leaks when a web application stops. Also ensure that the
+        exception does not cause remaining checks to be skipped. Based on a
+        patch by NateC.
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow 204 responses (no content) to include entity headers as required
+        by RFC2616. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure write errors when using HTTP Upgrade with the APR/native
+        connector result in <code>IOException</code>s rather than errors being
+        silently swallowed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54802">54802</a>: Provide location information for exceptions thrown
+        by JspDocumentParser. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54801">54801</a>: Do not attempt to parse text that looks like an EL
+        expressions inside a scriptlet in a JSP document because EL expressions
+        are not permitted in scriptlets. (kkolinko/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54821">54821</a>: Do not attept to parse text that looks like an EL
+        expressions in a JSP document if EL expressions have been disabled.
+        (kkolinko/markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54888">54888</a>: Add support for CSV lists with the ForEach tag plugin.
+        Patch provided by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add several improvements for FarmWarDeployer. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54872">54872</a>: Correct Cluster Receiver page of Tomcat
+        documentation. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Document <code>StatementCache</code> interceptor. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix minor threading issue in <code>ConnectionPool</code>.
+        (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54732">54732</a>: Fix leak of statements in <code>StatementCache</code>
+        interceptor. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix NPE in <code>SlowQueryReportJmx</code> when running
+        <code>TestSlowQueryReport</code> test. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.40 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.40_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Eclipse JDT Compiler 4.2.2. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54890">54890</a>: Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.15. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Convert remaining unit tests to JUnit 4 and enable Checkstyle rule
+        that forbids use of methods from JUnit 3. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove unneeded permissions for reading UserDataHelper properties
+        from <code>catalina.policy</code> file. The class that needed those
+        was moved in 7.0.26. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.39 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.39_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.39 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2013-03-26</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.39 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.39_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure a log message is generated when a web application fails to start
+        due to an error processing a ServletContainerInitializer. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent NPE in JAR scanning when running in an environment where the
+        bootstrap class loader is not an ancestor of the web application class
+        loader such as OSGi environments. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that, if a call to UEncoder#encodeURL is made, all internal
+        structures are properly cleaned. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54660">54660</a>: Enable the modification of an access log's
+        <code>fileDateFormat</code> attribute while the access log is in use.
+        The change will take effect when the next entry is made to the access
+        log. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Tomcat's internal copy of Commons FileUpload to FileUpload trunk,
+        revision 1458500 and the associated extract from Commons IO to 2.4.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54702">54702</a>: Prevent file descriptors leak and ensure that files
+        are closed when parsing web application deployment descriptors.
+        (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54707">54707</a>: Further relax the parsing of DIGEST authentication
+        headers to allow for buggy clients that quote values that RFC2617 states
+        should not be quoted. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Enable support for MBeans with multiple operations with the same name
+        but different signatures. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Deprecate Tomcat's internal Base 64 encoder/decoder and switch to
+        using a package renamed copy of the Commons Codec implementation.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that StandardJarScanner#scan will use the provided class loader
+        when scanning the class loader hierarchy. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.39 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.39_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54690">54690</a>: Fix a regression caused by the previous fix for
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54406">54406</a>. If no values are specified for sslEnabledProtocols or
+        ciphers use the default values for server sockets rather than the
+        default values for client sockets. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.39 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.39_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct Deployer, Manager and Context pages of Tomcat documentation.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.39 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.39_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52318">52318</a>: Version for imported package
+        <code>org.apache.juli.logging</code> is extended to include also 7.0.x
+        versions. The fix is applicable only when running in OSGi environment.
+        Patch provided by Martin Lichtin. (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54599">54599</a>: Do not print connection password in
+        <code>PoolProperties.toString()</code>. Based on a patch by
+        Daniel Mikusa. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54684">54684</a>: Add <code>javax.naming.spi</code> to 
+        <code>Import-Package</code> header in MANIFEST.MF in order to resolve
+        <code>ClassNotFoundException</code> when running in OSGi environment.
+        (violetagg)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.39 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.39_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.14 to resolve <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54609">54609</a>
+        which meant that installation of Windows service could fail
+        producing incorrect service launch command. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure HEAD requests return the correct content length when the
+        requested resource uses a Writer. Patch by Nick Williams. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.38 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.38_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.38 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.38 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.38_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that the request start time (used by the access log valve to
+        calculate request processing time) is correctly recorded for the HTTP
+        NIO connector. In some cases the request processing time may have been
+        longer than that recorded. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add one more library from JDK 7 to the value of <code>jarsToSkip</code>
+        property in the <code>catalina.properties</code> file. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53871">53871</a>: If annotation scanning results in a
+        <code>StackOverflowError</code> due to broken class dependencies, add
+        the class hierarchy that triggered the exception to the error message.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add a new option to the standard JarScanner implementation
+        (<code>scanBootstrapClassPath</code>) to control if the bootstrap
+        classpath is scanned or not. By default, it will not be scanned. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide more consolidated servlet MBean data in the webapp MBean.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54584">54584</a>: Take account of the delegate attribute when building
+        the web application class path to pass to the JSP compiler. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Copy the updated and re-packaged UTF-8 decoder from Tomcat 8.0.x and use
+        this improved decoder for WebSocket connections. Remove the WebSocket
+        specific UTF-8 decoder. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54602">54602</a>: Recycle the byte to character converter used for URIs
+        between requests to ensure an error in one request does not trigger a
+        failure in the next request. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use the newly added improved UTF-8 decoder for decoding UTF-8 encoded
+        URIs and UTF-8 encoded request bodies. Invalid UTF-8 URIs will not
+        cause an error but will make use of the replacement character when an
+        error is detected. This will allow web applications to handle the URI
+        which will most likely result in a 404 response. The fall-back to
+        decoding with ISO-8859-1 if UTF-8 decoding fails has been removed.
+        Invalid UTF-8 sequences in a request body will trigger an IOException.
+        The way the decoder is used has also been improved. The notable change
+        is that invalid sequences at the end of the input now trigger an error
+        rather than being silently swallowed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54624">54624</a>: Ensure that the correct request body length is used
+        when swallowing a request body after FORM authentication prior to
+        restoring the original request preventing possible hanging when
+        restoring POST requests submitted over AJP. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54628">54628</a>: When writing binary WebSocket messages write from
+        start position in array rather than the start of the array. Patch
+        provided by blee. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.38 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.38_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Refactor char encoding/decoding using NIO APIs. (remm)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.38 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.38_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54203">54203</a>: Complete the Javadoc for
+        <code>javax.servlet.http.Part</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54638">54638</a>: Fix display of "Used" memory value for memory pools
+        on the status page in Manager web application when the page is rendered
+        as XML. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct typos in configuration samples on SSL Configuration page
+        of Tomcat documentation. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Disable support for comments on Changelog page of Tomcat
+        documentation. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix several issues with <code>status.xsd</code> schema in Manager web
+        application, testing it against actual output of StatusTransformer
+        class. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Clarify the documentation on how context paths may be configured for web
+        applications. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.38 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.38_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54601">54601</a>: Change <code>catalina.sh</code> to consistently use
+        <code>LOGGING_MANAGER</code> variable to configure logging,
+        instead of modifying <code>JAVA_OPTS</code> one. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.37 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.37_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.37 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2013-02-18</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.37 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.37_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54521">54521</a>: Ensure that concurrent requests that require a DIGEST
+        authentication challenge receive different nonce values. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54534">54534</a>: Ensure that, if a call to
+        <code>StandardWrapper#isSingleThreadModel()</code> triggers the loading
+        of a Servlet, the correct class loader is used. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54536">54536</a>: Ensure the default error page is displayed if a custom
+        HTTP status code is used when calling
+        <code>HttpServletResponse#sendError(int, String)</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.37 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.37_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54456">54456</a>: Ensure that if a client aborts a request when sending
+        a chunked request body that this is communicated correctly to the client
+        reading the request body. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the native component of the APR/native connector to 1.1.27 and
+        make that version the recommended minimum version. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.37 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.37_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54239">54239</a>: Enable web applications to provide their own
+        Expression Language interpreter to enable them to optimise processing of
+        expressions. Based on a patch by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.37 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.37_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54505">54505</a>: Create clearer links from the JNDI How-To to the
+        Tomcat specific options for configuring JNDI resources. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.37 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.37_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.13. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make additional allowances for buggy client implementations of HTTP
+        DIGEST authentication. This is a follow-on to <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54060">54060</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54438">54438</a>: Fix a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52953">52953</a> that
+        triggered a NPE when digested passwords were used and an authentication
+        attempt was made for a user that did not exist in the realm. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54448">54448</a>: Correctly handle <code>@Resource</code> annotations on
+        primitives. Patch provided by Violeta Georgieva. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54450">54450</a>: Correctly handle resource injection when part of the
+        servlet properties uses <code>@Resource</code> and the other uses
+        <code>injection-target</code>. Patch provided by  Violeta Georgieva.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54458">54458</a>: Include exception when logging errors in the
+        DataSourceRealm. Patch provided by  Violeta Georgieva. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54483">54483</a>: Correct one of the Spanish translations. Based on a
+        suggestion from adinamita. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent the SSO deregister when web application is stopped or reloaded.
+        When StandardManager(pathname="") or DeltaManager stops normally, all
+        sessions in the context are expired.
+        In this case, because most sessions is not time-out, SSO deregister was
+        triggered. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Include the exception in the log message if the parsing of the
+        context.xml file fails. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54497">54497</a>: Make memory leak detection code more robust so a
+        failure in the leak detection code does not prevent the Context from
+        stopping unless the error is fatal to the JVM. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54507">54507</a>: Do not start the background thread that is used for
+        expiring sessions (amongst other things) until the web application is
+        fully started. Stop the background thread as soon as the web application
+        is stopped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow WebSocket Ping/Pong messages to be sent between fragments of a
+        fragmented message. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54612">54612</a>: Check if the socket is closed before trying to write a
+        WebSocket message to it. Also, flush any partial buffered data before
+        closing the socket. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54324">54324</a>: Allow APR connector to disable TLS compression
+        if OpenSSL supports it. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54406">54406</a>: Fix NIO HTTPS connector to prune specified <code>
+        ciphers</code> and <code>sslEnableProtocols</code> options to those
+        supported by the SSL implementation, sharing logic with the BIO
+        connector. Modified ciphers and sslEnabledProtocols option pruning to
+        not silently revert to JVM defaults when none of the options specified
+        are supported - new behaviour is to warn and explicitly enable no
+        options. (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Align NIO HTTP connector with other HTTP connectors and include leading
+        blank lines when determining the size of the HTTP headers. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53869">53869</a>: Performance improvement for pages with lots of heavily
+        nested tags. Retain a reference to the root JSP context rather than
+        traversing the hierarchy on every call. Based on a patch suggested by
+        Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54440">54440</a>: Correct a regression caused by the changes for
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54240">54240</a> that broke compilation of JSPs with JspC. Patch
+        provided by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54466">54466</a>: Improve error message by including the name of the
+        file when the java file generated from a tag file cannot be compiled.
+        Based on a patch by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix incorrect increment of <code>counterSend_EVT_SESSION_EXPIRED</code>
+        and <code>counterSend_EVT_CHANGE_SESSION_ID</code>. These values are not
+        incremented if no members active in cluster group. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54476">54476</a>: Correct error in Javadoc of GroupChannel send methods
+        to maker clear that the minimum length of the destination member array
+        is one, not two. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent SSO deregister when node shutdown normally in cluster
+        environment. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Check cluster member before sending replicate message in
+        ClusterSingleSignOn. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54461">54461</a>: Improve the documentation for the compiler attribute
+        in the Jasper how-to. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add Jespa to the list of third-party Windows authentication providers
+        and make external links in the documentation for those providers
+        <code>no-follow</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)/Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)/Tribes"><strong>Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54496">54496</a>: Don't use a hard-coded class name in
+        <code>MemberImpl.toString()</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.36 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.36_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.12. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.35 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.35_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.35 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2013-01-16</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.35 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.35_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54247">54247</a>: Prevent <code>ClassNotFoundException</code>s on stop
+        when running as a service. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54249">54249</a>: Ensure resource properties are available when the
+        context path contains encoded characters such as a space. This triggered
+        compilation issues in Jasper. Patch provided by Polina Genova. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54256">54256</a>: Improve error reporting when a JAR file fails
+        extension validation by including the name of the JAR file in the
+        exception. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow web applications to be stopped cleanly even if filters throw
+        exceptions when their destroy() method is called. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix memory leak of servlet instances when running with a
+        SecurityManager and either init() or destroy() methods fail
+        or the servlet is a SingleThreadModel one. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Cleanup method cache lookup code in <code>SecurityUtil</code> class.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Make the Tomcat 7 non-JSR356 WebSocket implementation non-blocking
+        (where supported by the connector) between the HTTP upgrade and the
+        first WebSocket message from the client to the server. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54262">54262</a>: Ensure that an empty
+        <code>&lt;absolute-ordering /&gt;</code> element in the main web.xml
+        file disables scanning for web fragments. Based on a patch by  Violeta
+        Georgieva. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54284">54284</a>: As per clarification from the Servlet EG, anonymous
+        Filters and Servlets are not permitted. Patch by Violeta Georgieva.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54371">54371</a>: Prevent exceptions when processing web fragments for
+        unexpanded WAR files when the context path contains characters that
+        need to be encoded in URLs such as spaces. Based on a patch by Polina
+        Genova. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54372">54372</a>: Make HTTP Digest authentication header parsing
+        tolerant of invalid headers sent by known buggy clients. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54377">54377</a>: Correctly set request attributes for AccessLog in
+        RemoteIpFilter. Patch by Violeta Georgieva. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54379">54379</a>: Implement support for post-construct and pre-destroy
+        elements in web.xml. Patch by Violeta Georgieva. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54380">54380</a>: Do not try to register servlets or contexts into the
+        mapper too early (which just caused a warning to be logged). (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix NPE in <code>WebappLoader.stopInternal</code> when stop is called
+        after a failed start. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54381">54381</a>: Add support for receiving WebSocket pong messages.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54382">54382</a>: Fix NPE when SSI processing is enabled and an empty
+        SSI directive is present. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix <code>ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException</code> in
+        <code>HttpParser</code> when parsing incorrect HTTP headers. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54387">54387</a>: Deployment must fail when multiple servlets are mapped
+        to the same url-pattern. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54391">54391</a>: Provide a value for the
+        <code>javax.servlet.context.orderedLibs</code> attribute. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.35 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.35_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54248">54248</a>: Ensure that byte order marks are swallowed when using
+        a Reader to read a request body with a BOM for those encodings that
+        require byte order marks. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix release of processors in <code>AjpNioProtocol</code>. Wrong object
+        was used as a key in the connections map. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.35 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.35_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54240">54240</a>: Add support for auto-detection and configuration of
+        JARs on the classpath that provide tag plug-in implementations. Based on
+        a patch by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54241">54241</a>: Revert the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=35410">35410</a> as it was not
+        compliant with the JSP specification, specifically that
+        <code>&lt;%= obj %&gt;</code> must be translated to
+        <code>out.print(obj)</code> which in turn becomes
+        <code>out.write(String.valueOf(obj))</code>. This will trigger a
+        <code>NullPointerException</code> if <code>obj.toString()</code> returns
+        <code>null</code>. The fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=35410">35410</a> incorrectly suppressed
+        the <code>NullPointerException</code> in this case. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54242">54242</a>: Correct handle null iterations with in the JSTL
+        ForEach tag plug-in implementation. Patch provided by Sheldon Shao.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54260">54260</a>: Avoid <code>NullPointerException</code> when using
+        JSP unloading and tag files. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54370">54370</a>: Improve handling of nulls when trying to match sets of
+        parameters to a method in EL. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54338">54338</a>: Correctly coerce the value to the expected type when
+        using the tag plug-in for the JSTL set tag. Patch provided by Sheldon
+        Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.35 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.35_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54244">54244</a>: Clarify the documentation for the BIO and NIO SSL
+        configuration attributes <code>sslEnabledProtocols</code> and
+        <code>sslProtocol</code> within the documentation web application.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Integrate documentation of Tomcat 7 with Apache Comments System.
+        People can leave their comments when reading documentation online
+        at the <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/">tomcat.apache.org</a>
+        site. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.35 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.35_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54390">54390</a>: Use 'java_home' on Mac OS X to auto-detect JAVA_HOME.
+        (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.34 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.34_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.34 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2012-12-12</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.34 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.34_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53871">53871</a>: Improve error message if annotation scanning fails
+        during web application start due to poor configuration or illegal
+        cyclic inheritance with the application's classes. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix unit test for AccessLogValve when using non-GMT time zone. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54170">54170</a>: Ensure correct registration of Filters and Servlets in
+        the JMX registry if the Filter or Servlet name includes a character that
+        must be quoted if used in an ObjectName value. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add new attribute <code>renameOnRotate</code> to the AccessLogValve.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54190">54190</a>: Correct unit tests for BASIC authentication so that
+        session timeout is correctly tested. Also refactor unit test to make it
+        easier to add additional tests. Patch by Brian Burch. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54220">54220</a>: Ensure the ErrorReportValve only generates an error
+        report if the error flag on the response has been set. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Simplify time zone handling in the access log valve and correctly handle
+        various edge cases for non-standard DST changes. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.34 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.34_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54198">54198</a>: Clarify that
+        <code>HttpServletResponse.sendError(int)</code> results in an HTML
+        response by default. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54207">54207</a>: Correct JNDI factory package name in Javadoc for
+        <code>org.apache.naming.java.javaURLContextFactory</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.34 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.34_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix a handful of Eclipse warnings in the JDBC pool source code including
+        the warnings reported in <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53565">53565</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54150">54150</a>: Make sure that SlowQueryReportJmx mbean deregistered
+        during webapp shutdown. Reported by Alex Franken. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54194">54194</a>: Make sure that connection pool mbean is not registered
+        when jmxEnabled is false. Patch provided by tobias.gierke. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.34 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.34_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Eclipse JDT Compiler 4.2.1. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.33_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2012-11-21</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.33_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53960">53960</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54115">54115</a>: Extensions to HttpClient test
+        helper class. Patches by Brian Burch. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53993">53993</a>: Avoid a possible NPE in the AccessLogValve when the
+        session ID is logged and a session is invalidated. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for LAST_ACCESS_AT_START system property to
+        PersistentManager. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Update MIME type mapping with additional / updated mime.types from the
+        Apache web server. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54007">54007</a>: Fix a memory leak that prevented deletion of a
+        context.xml file associated with a Context that had failed to deploy.
+        Also fix the problems uncovered with undeploying such a Context once the
+        leak had been fixed and the file could be deleted. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54044">54044</a>: Correct bug in timestamp cache used by logging
+        (including the access log valve) that meant entries could be made with
+        an earlier timestamp than the true timestamp. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54054">54054</a>: Do not share shell environment variables between
+        multiple instances of the CGI servlet. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54060">54060</a>: Use a simple parser rather than a regular expression
+        to parse HTTP Digest authentication headers so the header is correctly
+        parsed. The new approach is also faster and generates less garbage.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54068">54068</a>: Rewrite the web fragment ordering algorithm to resolve
+        multiple issues that resulted in incorrect ordering or failure to find
+        a correct, valid order. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        The HTTP header parser added to address <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52811">52811</a> has been
+        removed and replaced with the light-weight HTTP header parser created to
+        address <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54060">54060</a>. The new parser includes a work-around for a
+        bug in the Adobe Acrobat Reader 9.x plug-in for Microsoft Internet
+        Explorer that was identified when the old parser was introduced
+        (<a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53814">53814</a>).  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54076">54076</a>: Add an alternative work-around for clients that use
+        SPNEGO authentication and expect the authenticated user to be cached
+        per connection (Tomcat only does this if an HTTP session is available).
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54087">54087</a>: Correctly handle (ignore) invalid If-Modified-Since
+        header rather than throwing an exception. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54096">54096</a>: In web.xml, &lt;env-entry&gt; should accept any type
+        that has a constructor that takes a single String or char. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54127">54127</a>: Add support for sending a WebSocket Ping. Patch
+        provided by Sean Winterberger. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In FormAuthenticator: If it is configured to change Session IDs,
+        do the change before displaying the login form. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure <code>AsyncListener.timeout()</code> and
+        <code>AsyncListener.complete()</code> are called with the correct
+        thread context class loader. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54123">54123</a>: If an asynchronous request times out without any
+        <code>AsyncListener</code>s defined, a 500 error will be triggered.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54124">54124</a>: Correct provided value of request attribute
+        <code>javax.servlet.async.request_uri</code> and add missing request
+        attribute <code>javax.servlet.async.path_info</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add <code>denyStatus</code> initialization parameter to
+        <code>CsrfPreventionFilter</code>, allowing to customize the HTTP
+        status code used for denied requests. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54141">54141</a>: Increase the permitted number of nested Realm levels
+        from 2 to 3 by default and make the limit configurable via a system
+        property. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Revert occasional API change in <code>BaseDirContext</code> class that
+        was done in 7.0.32. Methods should not be <code>final</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent failures in the AccessLogValve when running under a
+        SecurityManager and the first request received is an asynchronous one.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.33_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct an issue that prevented WebSockets from being used over SSL when
+        using the HTTP NIO connector. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+       <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54022">54022</a>: Ensure the Comet END event is triggered on client
+       disconnect with APR/native on Windows Vista/2k8 or later. Patch provided
+       by Douglas Beachy. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54067">54067</a>: Ensure responses with 1xx response codes are correctly
+        marked as not containing an entity body. This caused an issue for some
+        WebSocket clients when an Transfer-Encoding header was sent with the
+        101 (HTTP upgrade) response. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.33_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53867">53867</a>: Optimise the XML escaping provided by the PageContext
+        implementation. Based on a patch by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53896">53896</a>: Use an optimised CompositeELResolver for Jasper that
+        skips resolvers that are known to be unable to resolve the value. Patch
+        by Jarek Gawor. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53986">53986</a>: Correct a regression introduced by the fix for
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53713">53713</a>. JSP comments that ended with the sequence ---%&gt; (or
+        any similar sequence with a odd number of - characters) was not
+        correctly parsed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54011">54011</a>: Fix a bug in the tag plug-in for
+        <code>&lt;c:out&gt;</code> that triggered a JSP compilation error if the
+        <code>escapeXml</code> attribute was used. Patch provided by Sheldon
+        Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Follow up to <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54011">54011</a>. Simplify generated code for
+        <code>&lt;c:out&gt;</code>. Based on a patch by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54012">54012</a>: Fix a bug in the tag plug-in infrastructure that meant
+        the <code>&lt;c:set&gt;</code> triggered a JSP compilation error when
+        used in a tag file. Based on a patch provided by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54017">54017</a>: Simplify coercion of <code>String</code> instances to
+        <code>Object</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54144">54144</a>: Fix a bug in the tag plug-in for
+        <code>&lt;c:out&gt;</code> that meant that if the value of the tag
+        evaluated to a <code>java.io.Reader</code> object then it was not
+        correctly handled. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.33_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add getSessionIdsFull operation to mbeans-descriptor. listSessionIdsFull
+        no longer exist. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54086">54086</a>: Fix threading issue when stopping an 
+        <code>NioReceiver</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.33_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54143">54143</a>: Add display of the memory pools usage (including
+        PermGen) to the Status page of the Manager web application. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.33 (markt)/Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.33_(markt)/Tribes"><strong>Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=54045">54045</a>: Make sure getMembers() returns available member when
+        TcpFailureDetector works in static cluster. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.32 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.32_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.32 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>2012-10-09</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.32 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.32_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Revert multiple operation support for the <code>JMXProxyServlet</code>
+        pending further discussion. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        CVE-2012-4431: Fix bypass of <code>CsrfPreventionFilter</code> when
+        there is no session. Improve session management in the filter.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.32 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.32_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the couple of broken links in the Tomcat Javadoc. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.32 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.32_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update optional Checkstyle library to 5.6. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.31 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.31_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.31 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.31 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.31_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add one library from JDK 7 to the value of <code>jarsToSkip</code>
+        property in the <code>catalina.properties</code> file. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52777">52777</a>: Add an option to automatically remove old, unused
+        versions (ones where there are no longer any active sessions) of
+        applications deployed using parallel deployment. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53828">53828</a>: Use correct status code when closing a WebSocket
+        connection normally in response to a close frame from a client. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <code>JMXProxyServlet</code> now allows multiple operation commands like
+        <code>invokeAndSet</code>, <code>invokeAndGet</code>,
+        etc. (schultz) <em>Note</em>: reverted in 7.0.32.
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53843">53843</a>: <code>request.isAsyncStarted()</code> must continue to
+        return true until the dispatch actually happens (which at the earliest
+        isn't until the thread where <code>startAsync()</code> was called
+        returns to the container). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53863">53863</a>: Ensure the the implicit servlets (JSP and default) are
+        marked as override-able when using embedded mode. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When the <code>DefaultServlet</code> is under heavy load, the HTTP
+        header parser added to address <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52811">52811</a> generates large amounts
+        of garbage and uses significant CPU time. A cache has been added that
+        significantly reduces the overhead of this parser. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53854">53854</a>: Make directory listings work correctly when aliases
+        are used. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.31 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.31_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53713">53713</a>: Performance improvement of up to four times faster
+        parsing of JSP pages. Patch provided by Sheldon Shao. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.31 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.31_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Make the cluster members and the cluster deployer associated with the
+        cluster accessible via JMX. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix a behavior of TcpPingInterceptor#useThread. If set to false, ping
+        thread is never started. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.31 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.31_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve the documentation web application to clarify the difference
+        between the tag and version parameters when using text interface of the
+        Manager web application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Make sessions saved in the <code>Store</code> associated with a
+        <code>Manager</code> that extends <code>PersistentManager</code>
+        optionally visible (via the showProxySessions Servlet initialisation
+        parameter in web.xml) to the Manager web application. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2012-09-06</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Automatically delete temporary files used by Servlet 3.0 file
+        upload (for parts which size is greater than
+        <code>file-size-threshold</code> option in web.xml)
+        when request processing completes. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53071">53071</a>: This additional fix for this issue improves the
+        formatting of Jasper errors (or any exceptions that use a multi-line
+        message) with the <code>ErrorReportValve</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53469">53469</a>: If a URL passed to
+        <code>javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.encodeURL()</code> cannot
+        be made absolute, never encode it and return it unchanged. Previously,
+        the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53062">53062</a> meant than an
+        <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> was thrown. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53481">53481</a>: Added support for SSLHonorCipherOrder to allow
+        the server to impose its cipher order on the client. Based on a patch
+        provided by Marcel &#352;ebek. This feature requires
+        Tomcat Native 1.1.25 or later. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53498">53498</a>: Fix atomicity bugs in use of concurrent collections.
+        Based on a patch by Yu Lin. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression in the previous fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53062">53062</a> that did
+        not always correctly normalize redirect URLs when the redirect URL
+        included a query string or fragment component. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add missing getter and setter for <code>roleSearchAsUser</code> option
+        on JNDI Realm. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add some HTTP status codes registered at IANA. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53531">53531</a>: Fix ExpandWar.expand to check the return value of
+        File.mkdir and File.mkdirs. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53535">53535</a>: Reduce memory footprint when performing class scanning
+        on Context start. Patch provided by Cedomir Igaly. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53541">53541</a>: Fix JAR scanning when WEB-INF/lib is provided via
+        VirtualDirContext. Patch provided by Philip Zuev. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53574">53574</a>: Ensure Servlets defined using jsp-file are available
+        when metadata-complete is true. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53584">53584</a>: Ignore path parameters when comparing URIs for FORM
+        authentication. This prevents users being prompted twice for passwords
+        when logging in when session IDs are being encoded as path parameters.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53623">53623</a>: When performing a asynchronous dispatch after series
+        of forwards, ensure that the request properties are correct for the
+        request at each stage. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53624">53624</a>: Ensure that
+        <code>HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect()</code> works when called after
+        a dispatch from an <code>AsyncContext</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53641">53641</a>: Correct name of HTTP header used in WebSocket
+        handshake for listing the preferred protocols. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Document the constants that were added to the
+        <code>RequestDispatcher</code> interface in Servlet 3.0. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure custom error pages are not truncated if the page that triggered
+        the error set a content length header. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53677">53677</a>: Ensure that a 500 response rather than no response is
+        returned if the HTTP headers exceed the size limit. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53702">53702</a>: When merging web.xml fragments, allow for
+        <code>&lt;jsp-property-group&gt;</code> elements having multiple
+        <code>&lt;url-pattern&gt;</code> elements. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Always make the resulting web.xml available even if metadata-complete is
+        true. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53714">53714</a>: Provide separate system properties to control which
+        JARs are excluded from which scans when using the JarScanner. This
+        allows JARs to be excluded from all scans or only from TLD scanning
+        and/or Servlet 3.0 pluggability scanning. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add several JDK libraries to the value of <code>jarsToSkip</code>
+        property in the <code>catalina.properties</code> file. (markt, kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix typos etc. in the code that logs merged web.xml (as enabled by
+        <code>logEffectiveWebXml</code> option on Context). (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53758">53758</a>: When adding filters via
+        <code>FilterRegistration.Dynamic</code> the filters were added at the
+        wrong point because the <code>isMatchAfter </code> logic was inverted.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53783">53783</a>: Correctly handle JARs generated by tools that do not
+        create specific entries for directories. Patch provided by Violeta
+        Georgieva. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improvements to DIGEST authenticator including the disabling caching of
+        authenticated user in session by default, tracking server rather than
+        client nonces and better handling of stale nonce values. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve performance of DIGEST authenticator for concurrent requests.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        CVE-2012-3546: Fix bypass of security constraint checks with FORM
+        authentication. Remove unneeded processing in <code>RealmBase</code>.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53800">53800</a>: <code>FileDirContext.list()</code> did not provide
+        correct paths for subdirectories. Patch provided by Kevin Wooten.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53801">53801</a>: Overlapping URL patterns were sometimes merged
+        incorrectly in security constraints leading to incorrect 401 responses.
+        Note: it was possible for access to be denied when it should have been
+        granted but it was not possible for access to be granted when it should
+        have been denied. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove the <code>socket.soTrafficClass</code> from the BIO and NIO
+        HTTP and AJP connectors because any use of the option is either ignored
+        or in some cases (Java 7 with NIO) throws an Exception. (mark)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent possible NPE when processing Comet requests during Connector
+        shutdown. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=42181">42181</a>: Better handling of edge conditions in chunk header
+        processing. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53697">53697</a>: Correct a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51881">51881</a>
+        that mean that in some circumstances the <code>comet</code> flag was not
+        reset on <code>HttpAprProcessor</code> instances. This caused problems
+        when the Processor was re-used for a new connection that would trigger a
+        <code>NullPointerException</code> and could result in a JVM crash.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53725">53725</a>: Fix possible corruption of GZIP'd output.
+        (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Better parsing of line-terminators for requests using chunked encoding.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Further improvements to handling of Comet END events when the connector
+        is stopped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53545">53545</a>: Ensure buffered data is cleared when using a
+        jsp:forward action inside a classic custom tag. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53654">53654</a>: Support <code>file://</code> URLs for JSP
+        dependencies. Patch provided by Viola Lu. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53792">53792</a>: Support <code>MethodExpression</code>s that include a
+        method invocation that is not at the end of the expression. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix an issue when running under Java 7 which throws exceptions when
+        trying to set an invalid option whereas Java 6 silently swallowed them.
+        The option using the problem was <code>soTrafficClass</code>.
+        Investigations showed that this option had no effect for Cluster Channel
+        Receivers so it was removed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53513">53513</a>: Fix race condition between the processing of session
+        sync message and transfer complete message. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update JSTL version information in the JNDI section of the documentation
+        web application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53524">53524</a>: Correct a typo in the cluster how-to section of the
+        documentation web application. Also fix a handful of spelling errors.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53601">53601</a>: Clarify in documentation that building Apache Tomcat 7
+        from sources requires a Java 6 JDK. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53653">53653</a>: Allow for wrapped source code example in
+        config/context.html. Patch provided by Terence Bandoian. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53793">53793</a>: Change links on the list of applications in the
+        Manager to point to '/appname/' instead of '/appname'. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)/Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)/Tribes"><strong>Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid potential NPE identified by Find Bugs in
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.io.ReplicationStream</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53606">53606</a>: Fix potential NPE in <code>TcpPingInterceptor</code>.
+        Based on a patch by F. Arnoud. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53607">53607</a>: To avoid NPE, set TCP PING data to ChannelMessage.
+        Patch provided by F.Arnoud (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.30 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.30_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53701">53701</a>: Javadoc fixes. Patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove some unused code from Tomcat's package renamed, cut-down
+        copy of Commons BCEL used for annotation scanning. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53735">53735</a>: Add support for Java 7 byte code to Tomcat's
+        package renamed, cut-down copy of Commons BCEL used for annotation
+        scanning. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.29_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2012-07-08</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.29_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for searching for roles in JNDI/LDAP
+        using another value than the actual DN or username specified.
+        Rather it will use a value from the users directory entry.
+        The new attribute introduced to the JNDIRealm is userRoleAttribute
+        (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix checking of recommended tcnative library version when using the APR
+        connector. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50306">50306</a>: Improve StuckThreadDetectionValve: add
+        stuckThreadNames property as a pair for the stuckThreadIds one,
+        add thread ids to the log messages. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52135">52135</a>: Add support for a default error page to be defined in
+        web.xml by defining an error page with just a nested location element.
+        It appears this feature was intended to be included in the Servlet 3.0
+        specification but was accidently left out. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53450">53450</a>: Correct regression in fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52999">52999</a> that
+        could easily trigger a deadlock when deploying a ROOT web application.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        As per section 1.6.2 of the Servlet 3.0 specification and clarification
+        from the Servlet Expert Group, the servlet specification version
+        declared in web.xml no longer controls if Tomcat scans for annotations.
+        Annotation scanning is now always performed - regardless of the version
+        declared in web.xml - unless metadata complete is set to true. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53619">53619</a>: As per clarification from the Servlet Expert Group,
+        JARs will always be scanned for ServletContainerInitializers regardless
+        of the setting of metadata complete. However, if an absolute ordering is
+        specified and a JAR is excluded from that ordering it will not be
+        scanned for ServletContainerInitializers nor will it be scanned for
+        matches to any HandleTypes annotations. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53465">53465</a>: Populate mapped-name property for resources defined in
+        web.xml. Based on a patch by Violeta Georgieva. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Make the request available when establishing a WebSocket connection.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53467">53467</a>: Correct a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53257">53257</a>
+        that introduced problems for JSPs that used characters that must be
+        encoded if used in a URI. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.29_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53430">53430</a>: Avoid a JVM crash when a connector that requires the
+        APR/native library is explicitly specified and the library, or a recent 
+        enough  version of it, is not available. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.29_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53421">53421</a>: Provide a more helpful error message if a getter or
+        setter cannot be found for a bean property when using expression
+        language. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+       <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53460">53460</a>: Allow container to handle errors if the creation of the
+       PageContext fails rather than swallowing the error. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.29_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the WebSocket examples in the examples web application so that
+        they work with secure connections (wss) as well as non-secure (ws)
+        connections. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53456">53456</a>: Minor corrections and improvements to the HTTP
+        connector configuration reference. Patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53459">53459</a>: Correction and clarifications to the SSL Connector
+        configuration examples in the SSL how-to. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53464">53464</a>: Correct reference to sample init.d script for use with
+        jsvc in the documentation web application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53473">53473</a>: Correct the allowed values for the SSI option
+        <code>isVirtualWebappRelative</code> which are <code>true</code> or
+        <code>false</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Document <code>roleNested</code> property of <code>JNDIRealm</code>
+        in Configuration Reference. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.29_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53445">53445</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1354173">r1354173</a>):
+        Allow configurable name for SlowQueryReportJmx (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53416">53416</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1354641">r1354641</a>):
+        Multiple pools with the same name should register under JMX (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.29 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.29_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix cleanup of temporary files in <code>TestNamingContext</code> test.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove a few files from the source distribution that are not required
+        since they are copied / generated during the build. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add manifest files to the set of files for which the line-ending is
+        changed to match the OS defaults in the source distributions. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Align Jk Ant tasks definitions between antlib.xml and catalina.tasks
+        files, introducing <code>jkupdate</code> as synonym for
+        <code>jkstatus</code>. The latter one is deprecated.
+        Simplify <code>bin/catalina-tasks.xml</code>, replacing
+        <code>taskdef</code> with <code>typedef</code> and adding Ant condition
+        implementations used with JMX to <code>jmxaccessor.tasks</code> file.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53454">53454</a>: Return correct content-length header for HEAD requests
+        when content length is greater than 2GB. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2012-06-19</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52055">52055</a>: An additional fix to ensure that the
+        ChunkedInputFilter is correctly recycled. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52954">52954</a>: Make DIGEST authentication tolerant of clients (mainly
+        older Android implementations) that do not follow RFC 2617 exactly.
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52955">52955</a>: Implement custom thread factory for container
+        start-stop thread pool. It allows to use daemon threads and give
+        them more distinct names. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52999">52999</a>: Remove synchronization bottleneck from the firing of
+        <code>Container</code> events. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53008">53008</a>: Additional test cases for BASIC authentication and
+        RFC2617 compliance. Patch provided by Brian Burch. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53021">53021</a>: Correct WebSocket protocol version detection. (pero)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add new attributes of <code>allow</code> and <code>deny</code> to
+        UserConfig. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53024">53024</a>: Fix context reloading so requests received during the
+        reload are paused and processed when reloading completes rather than
+        receiving 404 responses. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve the handling of watched resources so that changes trigger a
+        reload rather than a stop followed by a start which allows requests
+        received to be paused and processed when reloading completes rather than
+        receiving 404 responses. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove potential bottleneck on creation of new WebSocket connections.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53047">53047</a>: If a JDBC Realm or DataSource Realm is configured for
+        an all roles mode that only requires authorization (and no roles) and no
+        role table or column is defined, don't populate the Principal's roles.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53056">53056</a>: Add APR version number to tcnative version INFO log
+        message. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53057">53057</a>: Add OpenSSL version number INFO log message when
+        initializing. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Save a bit of memory in annotations cache in
+        <code>DefaultInstanceManager</code> by trimming annotation lists
+        to their size. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly configure the parser used to process server.xml so that
+        external entities may be used to include the content of external files
+        into server.xml. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make sure ContextMBean#findFilterDefs returns correct filter
+        definitions. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that <code>maxParameterCount</code> applies to multi-part
+        requests handled via the Servlet 3 file upload API. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53062">53062</a>: When constructing absolute URLs for redirects from
+        relative URLs ensure that the resulting URLs are normalized. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53067">53067</a>: Ensure the WebSocket Servlet continues to work when
+        requests are wrapped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Enable host's xmlBase attribute in ContextConfig. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53071">53071</a>: Use the message from the throwable (if there is one)
+        when generating the report in the <code>ErrorReportValve</code> and no
+        message has been specified via <code>sendError()</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53074">53074</a>: Switch to an infinite socket timeout by default for
+        WebSocket connections. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53081">53081</a>: Do not always cache resources loaded by the web
+        application class loader since they may be very large which in turn
+        could trigger a memory leak. Calls to the web application class
+        loader's <code>getResourceAsStream()</code> method will now access
+        the resource directly rather than via the cache in most cases. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53090">53090</a>: Include superclasses when considering injection
+        targets. Patch provided by Borislav Kapukaranov. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53161">53161</a>: Provide a better error message if a
+        <code>ClassFormatException</code> occurs during annotation scanning and
+        do not prevent the web application from starting in this case. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53180">53180</a>: Improve check for setter method when processing
+        annotations. Patch provided by Violeta Georgieva. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53225">53225</a>: Fix an IllegalStateException due to the JAR file being
+        closed when accessing static resources in a JAR file when
+        <code>urlCacheProtection="false"</code> in the
+        <code>JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53230">53230</a>: Changed ManagerBase to throw
+        TooManyActiveSessionsException instead of IllegalStateException
+        when the maximum number of sessions has been exceeded and a new
+        session will not be created. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53257">53257</a>: Ensure that resources, including JSP files, that have
+        names that include characters with special meanings in URLs (such as
+        ampersand, semicolon, plus, hash and percent) are correctly handled.
+        This bug is partially a regression caused by the original fix for
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51584">51584</a> and partially an existing issue that had not previously
+        been identified. This fix reverts the original fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51584">51584</a>,
+        correctly fixes that issue and fixes the additional issues identified by
+        the test cases that were also added as part of this fix.
+        (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53266">53266</a>: If a class specified in a <code>@HandlesTypes</code>
+        annotation on a <code>ServletContainerInitializer</code> is missing
+        log a more helpful message and do not prevent the web application from
+        starting. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53267">53267</a>: Ensure that using the GC Daemon Protection feature of
+        the <code>JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</code> does not trigger a
+        full GC every hour. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53285">53285</a>: Do not require <code>security-role-ref</code> elements
+        to contain a <code>role-link</code> element. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53301">53301</a>: Prevent double initialization of pre-created Servlet
+        instances when used in embedded mode. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53322">53322</a>: When processing resource injection, correctly infer
+        property name from its setter method if the name starts with several
+        uppercase characters. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53333">53333</a>: When processing JNDI resources, take account of the
+        types of any specified injection targets to ensure that the resource
+        definition and the injection target types are consistent. Based on a
+        patch provided by Violeta Georgieva. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53337">53337</a>: Forwarding via a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> to an
+        asynchronous Servlet always failed. Includes a test case based on code
+        by Rossen Stoyanchev. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53339">53339</a>: Ensure WebSocket call backs (<code>onOpen</code> etc.)
+        are called using the web application's class loader. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53342">53342</a>: To avoid BindException, make startStopThreads into a
+        demon thread. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53353">53353</a>: Make the internal HTTP header parser more tolerant of
+        Content-Type values that contain invalid parameters by ignoring the
+        invalid parameters. It is a followup to bug <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52811">52811</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53354">53354</a>: Correctly handle <code>@WebFilter</code> annotations
+        that do not include a mapping. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53356">53356</a>: Add support for servlets mapped explicitly to the
+        context root of a web application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53366">53366</a>: Ensure new HTTP header parser works correctly when
+        running Tomcat under a security manager. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53368">53368</a>: Configure the default security policy to allow web
+        applications to use WebSocket when running under a security manager.
+        (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53373">53373</a>: Allow whitespace around delimiters in &lt;Context&gt;
+        aliases for readability. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52858">52858</a>, CVE-2012-4534: Correct fix for high CPU load.
+        (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53138">53138</a>: Broken Sendfile on SSL introduced in 7.0.27
+        (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52055">52055</a>: Additional fix required to ensure that
+        <code>InputFilter</code>s are recycled between requests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53061">53061</a>: Fix a problem in the NIO connector whereby if the
+        poller was under low but consistent load (&gt;1 request/per second and
+        always less than 1 second between requests) timeouts never took place.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53063">53063</a>: When using an Executor with BIO, use the
+        executor's maxThreads as the default for maxConnections. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53119">53119</a>: Prevent buffer overflow errors being reported when a
+        client disconnects before the response has been fully written from an
+        AJP connection using the APR/native connector. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53169">53169</a>: Allow developers to avoid chunked encoding for a
+        response of unknown length by setting the <code>Connection: close</code>
+        header. Based on a patch suggested by Philippe Marschall. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53173">53173</a>: Properly count down maxConnections (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update default value of pollerThreadCount for the NIO connector.
+        The new default value will never go above 2 regardless of 
+        available processors. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow to retrieve the current <code>connectionCount</code>
+        via getter from the endpoint and as JMX attribute of the ThreadPool
+        mbean. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct an edge case where Comet END events were not send to connected
+        clients when the Tomcat connector was stopped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53406">53406</a>: Fix possible stack overflow on connection close when
+        using Comet. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve <code>InternalNioInputBuffer.parseHeaders()</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Implement <code>maxHeaderCount</code> attribute on Connector.
+        It is equivalent of LimitRequestFields directive of
+        <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">Apache HTTPD</a>.
+        Default value is 100. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48097#c7">48097#c7</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53366#c1">53366#c1</a>: If JSP page unexpectedly
+        fails to initialize PageContext instance, write exception to the logs
+        instead of silent swallowing. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53032">53032</a>: Modify <code>JspC</code> so it extends
+        <code>org.apache.tools.ant.Task</code> enabling it to work with features
+        such as namespaces within build.xml files. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid NPE when reload if a state of a BackupManager is FAILED. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53087">53087</a>: In order to avoid that a backup node expire a session,
+        replicate session access time in BackupManager. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for SecureRandom to cluster manager template. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove obsolete bug warning from Windows service
+        documentation page. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50182">50182</a>: Various improvements to the Compression Filter. Patch
+        provided by David Becker. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52853">52853</a>: Clarify how Jar Scanner handles directories. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53158">53158</a>: Fix documented defaults for DBCP.
+        Patch provided by ph.dezanneau at gmail.com. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53203">53203</a>: Correct documentation for the default value
+        of <code>connectionTimeout</code> attribute for AJP protocol
+        connectors. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53289">53289</a>: Clarify <code>ResourceLink</code> example that
+        uses DataSource.getConnection(username, password) method. Not all
+        data source implementations support it. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix several HTML markup errors in servlets of examples web application.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53398">53398</a>: Correct spelling of "received" in the
+        Manager application's XML output. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53403">53403</a>: Update a reference to the Servlet specification in the
+        first web applciation section of the documentation web application to
+        include newer versions of the specificarion. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50864">50864</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1311844">r1311844</a>):
+        JMX enable most pool properties (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53254">53254</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1340160">r1340160</a>):
+        Add in the ability to purge connections from the pool (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53367">53367</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1346691">r1346691</a>):
+        Prevent pool from hanging during database failure (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>  
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+         When a connection is reconnected due to failed validation
+         make sure the ConnectionState is reset or it will assume
+         incorrect values (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53374">53374</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1348056">r1348056</a>):
+        Add support for the following properties in DataSourceFactory:
+        <code>commitOnReturn</code>, <code>rollbackOnReturn</code>,
+        <code>useDisposableConnectionFacade</code>,
+        <code>logValidationErrors</code> and
+        <code>propagateInterruptState</code>.
+        Based on patch proposed by Suresh Avadhanula. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.28 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.28_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Eclipse JDT Compiler 3.7.2 at maven tomcat-jasper.pom. (pero)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the native component of the Tomcat APR/native connector to
+        1.1.24. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add missing dependencies in pom files. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53034">53034</a>: Add <code>project.url</code> and
+        <code>project.licenses</code> sections to the POMs for the Maven
+        artifacts. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Properly mention <code>jsp_2_2.xsd</code> in the main LICENSE and
+        INSTALLLICENSE files. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53115">53115</a>: Fix using the command "<code>catalina.bat run</code>"
+        when the value of <code>%TEMP%</code> contains spaces. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add dependencies and description to "validate" target in
+        <code>build.xml</code>, so that it could be run separately.
+        Improve <code>BUILDING.txt</code> and <code>RUNNING.txt</code>.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2012-04-05</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Explicitly ignore empty path values in <code>virtualClasspath</code>
+        attribute of <code>VirtualWebappLoader</code> class. Document that
+        whitespace around the values is trimmed. Reformat documentation
+        examples to make them more readable. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Further improve fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51197">51197</a> to allow an error reporting
+        Valve to write a response body if <code>sendError()</code> is called
+        during an asynchronous request on a container thread. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51741">51741</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1307600">r1307600</a>):
+        If <code>VirtualDirContext</code> class is configured with non-empty
+        value of <code>extraResourcePaths</code> option (a feature added
+        in 7.0.24), do not implicitly set <code>allowLinking</code> option to
+        the value of <code>true</code>. If it is really needed, it should be
+        set explicitly. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52500">52500</a>: Added configurable mechanism to retrieve user names
+        from X509 client certificates. Based on a patch provided by
+        Michael Furman. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52719">52719</a>: Fix a theoretical resource leak in the JAR validation
+        that checks for non-permitted classes in web application JARs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Code clean-up identified by <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52723">52723</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52724">52724</a>,
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52726">52726</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52727">52727</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52729">52729</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52731">52731</a>
+        and <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52732">52732</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52792">52792</a>: Improve error message when a JNDI resource can not be
+        found. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52811">52811</a>: Fix parsing of Content-Type header in
+        <code>HttpServletResponse.setContentType()</code>. Introduces
+        a new HTTP header parser that follows RFC2616. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52830">52830</a>: Correct JNDI lookups when using
+        <code>javax.naming.Name</code> to identify the resource rather than a
+        <code>java.lang.String</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52833">52833</a>: Handle the case where the parent class loader for the
+        Catalina object does not have the system class loader in its hierarchy.
+        This may happen when embedding. Patch provided by olamy. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52839">52839</a>: Add a unit test for DigestAuthenticator and
+        SingleSignOn. Patch provide by Brian Burch. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52846">52846</a>: Make sure NonLoginAuthenticator registers not 
+        MemoryUser but GenericPrincipal into a session when UserDatabaseRealm 
+        is used. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52850">52850</a>: Extend memory leak prevention and detection code to
+        work with IBM as well as Oracle JVMs. Extend unit tests to check direct
+        and indirect ThreadLocal memory leak detection. Based on a patch
+        provided by Rohit Kelapure. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for the WebSocket protocol (RFC6455). Both streaming and
+        message based APIs are provided and the implementation currently fully
+        passes the Autobahn test suite. Also included are several examples.
+        A significant contribution to this new functionality was provided by
+        Johno Crawford &mdash; particularly the examples. Contributions were
+        also provided by Petr Praus, Jonathan Drake &amp; Sl&aacute;vka. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When stopping a Context, ensure that any Servlets registered with JMX
+        are unregistered. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Make the implementation of <code>Catalina.getParentClassLoader</code>
+        consistent with similar methods across the code base and have it return
+        the system class loader if no parent class loader is set. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52953">52953</a>: Ensure users can authenticate when using DIGEST
+        authentication with digested passwords if the digested password is
+        stored using upper case hexadecimal characters since DIGEST
+        authentication expects digests to use lower case characters. Based on a
+        patch provided by Neale Rudd. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52957">52957</a>: Ensure that a Valve implements Lifecycle before
+        calling any Lifecycle methods on that Valve. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52958">52958</a>: Fix MBean descriptors for
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm</code> package. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52974">52974</a>: Fix <code>NameNotFoundException</code> when
+        field/method is annotated with <code>@Resource</code> annotation. Patch
+        provided by Violet Agg. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for multi-thread deployment in UserConfig. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly register NIO sockets with poller after processing Comet events
+        to ensure that no read events are missed. This fixes an intermittent
+        issue observed in the unit tests. (fhanik/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52770">52770</a>: Fix a bug in the highly unlikely circumstance that
+        an infinite timeout was specified for writing data to a client when
+        using NIO. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52858">52858</a>: Fix high CPU load with SSL, NIO and sendfile when
+        client breaks the connection before reading all the requested data.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52926">52926</a>: Avoid NPE when an NIO Comet connection times out on
+        one thread at the same time as it is closed on another thread. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Include port number when known in connector name when logging messages
+        from connectors that use automatic free port allocation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't try an unlock the acceptor thread if it is not locked. This is
+        unlikely to impact normal usage but it does fix some unit test issues.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When using the APR connector ensure that any connections in a keep-alive
+        state are closed when the connector is stopped rather than when the
+        connector is destroyed. This is important when stop() followed by
+        start() is called on the connector. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52725">52725</a>: Use configurable package name for tags rather than
+        hard-coded value so configuration actually works. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52758">52758</a>: Implement additional interface methods in Eclipse JDT
+        integration required for Jasper to correctly with the latest Eclipse
+        development code. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52772">52772</a>: Ensure uriRoot is fully validated before it is used.
+        Patch based on a suggestion by Eugene Chung. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52776">52776</a>: Refactor the code so JspFragment.invoke cleans up
+        after itself. Patch provided by Karl von Randow. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52970">52970</a>: Take account of coercion rules when invoking methods
+        via EL. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52998">52998</a>: Partial fix. Remove static references to the EL
+        expression factory and use per web application references instead.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52998">52998</a>: Remainder of fix. Cache the class to use for the EL
+        expression factory per class loader. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53001">53001</a>: Revert the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46915">46915</a> since the use case
+        described in the bug is invalid since it breaks the EL specification.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Replicate principal in ClusterSingleSignOn. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52760">52760</a>: Fix expires filter mime type in javascript examples.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52842">52842</a>: Exception in MBeanDumper when dumping MBean for
+        StandardThreadExecutor. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Bring built-in mime types for embedded Tomcat more in line with the
+        ones defined in the default web.xml configuration file. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support to the JMXProxyServlet which is part of the Manager
+        application for fetching a specific key from a
+        <code>CompositeData</code> value. Updated documentation, so that
+        the entire 'get' command for the JMX proxy servlet is documented,
+        including the new optional 'key' parameter. (schultz/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Pool cleaner thread should be created using the classloader
+        that loaded the pool, not the context loader (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52804">52804</a>: Make pool properties serializable and cloneable.
+        (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51237">51237</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1302902">r1302902</a>):
+        Slow Query Report should log using WARN level when queries are slow
+        and within the threshold of caching it. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52002">52002</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1302948">r1302948</a>):
+        Add in configuration option to disallow connection reuse. 
+        (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1305862">r1305862</a>):
+        useDisposableConnectionFacade is by default enabled (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52493">52493</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1302969">r1302969</a>):
+        Java 7 DataSource method addition. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51893">51893</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1302990">r1302990</a>):
+        Throw an error and notification when pool is exhausted. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50860">50860</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1303031">r1303031</a>):
+        Add in option to configure logging for validation errors. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52066">52066</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1305931">r1305931</a>):
+        Add in configuration option, progagateInterruptState, to allow threads to 
+        retain the interrupt state. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>  
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.27 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.27_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52750">52750</a>: Fix the way how daemon.sh parses command options so
+        that more then one can be provided. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Rearrange <code>validate-eoln</code> target in <code>build.xml</code>
+        so that it could be run ahead of compilation. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Apache Commons Daemon to 1.0.10. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the native component of the Tomcat APR/native connector to
+        1.1.23 and take advantage of the simplified distribution. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Eclipse JDT Compiler 3.7.2. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.26_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2012-02-21</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.26_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide constants for commonly used <code>Charset</code> objects and use
+        these constants where appropriate. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Refactor the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52184">52184</a> to correct two issues (a missing
+        class and incorrect class/method names) when using the extras logging
+        packages. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52444">52444</a>: Only load classes during HandlesTypes processing if
+        the class is a match. Previously, every class in the web application was
+        loaded regardless of whether it was a match or not. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52488">52488</a>: Correct typo: exipre -&gt; expire. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add a unit test for SSO authentication. Patch provided by Brian Burch.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52511">52511</a>: Correct regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51741">51741</a>
+        that caused a harmless exception to be logged when scanning for
+        annotations and <code>WEB-INF/classes</code> did not exist. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Refactor to remove a circular dependency between
+        <code>org.apache.catalina</code> and <code>org.apache.naming</code>.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove some initialisation code from the standard start process (i.e.
+        via the scripts) that was intended for embedding but is not required
+        when performing a standard start.(markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add new method to <code>MBeanFactory</code> that allows any Valve to be
+        created and deprecate the methods to create specific Valves. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Partial sync of MIME type mapping with mime.types from the Apache web
+        server. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52577">52577</a>: Fix a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52328">52328</a>.
+        Prevent output truncation when <code>reset()</code> is called on a
+        response. (mark)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52586">52586</a>: Remove an old and now unnecessary hack that modified
+        the path info reported via the
+        <code>javax.servlet.forward.path_info</code> request attribute when
+        forwarding to an error page. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52587">52587</a>: Ensure that if it is necessary to fall back to the
+        default NullRealm, the NullRealm instance is created early enough for it
+        to be correctly initialised. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix millisecond output in AccessLogValve when using a
+        SimpleDateFormat based time pattern. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52591">52591</a>: When dumping MBean data, skip attributes where getters
+        throw <code>UnsupportedOperationException</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52607">52607</a>: Ensure that the extension validator checks the JARs in
+        the shared and common class loaders for extensions. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a threading issue in the generation of the list of standard
+        authenticators during Context initialization that could lead to a web
+        application failing to start if Contexts were started in parallel.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52669">52669</a>: Correct regression that broke annotation processing in
+        <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> for web applications deployed as WARs,
+        packageless classes and some embedding scenarios. The regression was
+        introduced by the invalid assumptions made in the fix for
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51741">51741</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52671">52671</a>: When dumping MBean data, skip attributes where getters
+        throw <code>NullPointerException</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.26_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51543">51543</a>: Provide a meaningful error message when writing more
+        response headers than permitted. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52547">52547</a>: Ensure that bytes written (which is used by the access
+        log) is correctly reset after an HTTP 1.0 request has been processed.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Minor refactoring to reduce code duplication in the HTTP connectors.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52606">52606</a>: Ensure that POST bodies are available for reply after
+        FORM authentication when using the AJP connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.26_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52474">52474</a>: Ensure that leading and trailing white space is
+        removed from listener class names when parsing TLD files. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52480">52480</a>: When converting class path entries from URLs to
+        files/directories, ensure that any URL encoded characters are converted.
+        Fixes JSP compilation with javac when Tomcat is installed at a path that
+        includes spaces. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52666">52666</a>: Correct coercion order in EL when processing the
+        equality and inequality operators. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.26_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve <code>BUILDING.txt</code>. Update instructions for
+        building. Add instructions for using Checkstyle and running the
+        tests. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=38216">38216</a>: Improve handling of <code>null</code> return values in
+        the JMX proxy servlet which is part of the Manager application.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52515">52515</a>: Make it clear in the Realm how-to in the documentation
+        web application that digested password storage when using DIGEST
+        authentication requires that MD5 digests are used. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52634">52634</a>: Fix typos in JSP examples. Patch provided by
+        Felix Schumacher. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52641">52641</a>: Remove mentioning of ldap.jar from docs.
+        Patch provided by Felix Schumacher. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.26_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix code style issues and enable Checkstyle checks for jdbc-pool when
+        it is built within Tomcat. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51582">51582</a> Correct set and reset the query cache to avoid NPE   (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.26 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.26_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Commons Daemon to 1.0.9 to resolve <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52548">52548</a> which meant
+        that services created with service.bat did not set the
+        <code>catalina.home</code> and <code>catalina.base</code> system
+        properties. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Implement check for correct end-of-line characters in the source
+        files. It is run as separate target in <code>build.xml</code>.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.25 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.25_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.25 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2012-01-21</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.25 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.25_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Restore format of the first line of error message for JMX proxy
+        servlet in case scripts were depending on it. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.25 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.25_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When building a Windows installer do not copy whole "res" folder to
+        output/dist, but only the files that we need. Apply fixcrlf filter
+        only after the files are copied, so that <code>INSTALLLICENSE</code>
+        file had correct line ends. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove <code>res/License.rtf</code>. The file that is actually shown
+        by the Windows installer is <code>res/INSTALLLICENSE</code>.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Automate the OpenPGP signature generation for the release process.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't exclude directories named target from the build process.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52184">52184</a>: Provide greater control over the logging of errors
+        triggered by invalid input data (i.e. data over which Tomcat has no
+        control). (markt/kkolinko) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52225">52225</a>: Fix ClassCastException in an Alias added to
+        existing host through JMX. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Do not throw IllegalArgumentException from parseParameters() call
+        when chunked POST request is too large, but treat it like an IO error.
+        The <code>FailedRequestFilter</code> filter can be used to detect this
+        condition. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52245">52245</a>: Don't allow web applications to package classes from
+        the <code>javax.el</code> package. Patch provided by pid. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52259">52259</a>: Fix regression caused by the addition of the threaded
+        component start (<a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46264">46264</a>) that triggered a deadlock on startup
+        if no Realm was configured. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52293">52293</a>: Correctly handle the case when
+        <code>antiResourceLocking</code> is enabled at the Context level when
+        <code>unpackWARs</code> is disabled at the Host level. Based on a patch
+        by Justin Miller. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In <code>ExtendedAccessLogValve</code> when printing %-encoded value of
+        a parameter, use UTF-8 encoding to convert parameter value to bytes
+        instead of platform default encoding. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52303">52303</a>: Allow web applications that do not have a login
+        configuration to participate in a SSO session. Patch provided by Brian
+        Burch. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52316">52316</a>: When using sendfile, use the number of bytes requested
+        to be written to the response in the access log valve for bytes written
+        rather than recording a value of zero. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52326">52326</a>: Reduce log level for class loading errors during
+        <code>@HandlesTypes</code> processing to debug. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52328">52328</a>: Improve performance when large numbers of single
+        characters and/or small strings are written to the response via a
+        Writer. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52384">52384</a>: Do not fail with parameter parsing when debug logging
+        is enabled. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Do not flag extra '&amp;' characters in parameters as parse errors.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Reduce log level for the message about hitting
+        <code>maxParameterCount</code> limit from WARN to INFO. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52387">52387</a>: Ensure that the correct host is used when configuring
+        logging when Tomcat is embedded. Patch provided by David Calavera.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52405">52405</a>: Align the Servlet 3.0 implementation with the changes
+        defined in the first maintenance release (also know as Rev. A). See the
+        <a href="http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/maintenance/jsr315/servlet3-mr-reva.html">JCP documentation</a> for a detailed list of changes
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve JMX names for objects related to Connectors that have the
+        address attribute set. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove some stale attributes from MBeans. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+         Move destruction of <code>ContainerBase</code> objects to
+         <code>ContainerBase</code> to ensure that they are destroyed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52443">52443</a>: Change the behaviour of the default Realm in the
+        embedded use case so it is set once on the Engine rather than on every
+        Context thereby avoiding the Lifecycle issues with having the same Realm
+        set on multiple Contexts. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide a new Realm implementation, the NullRealm, that does not contain
+        any users and is used as the default Realm implementation (rather than
+        the JAAS Realm which was used prior to this change) if no Realm is
+        specified. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52461">52461</a>: Don't assume file based URLs when checking last
+        modified times for global and host level web.xml files. Patch provided
+        by violetagg. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add test cases for the BASIC and NonLogin Authenticators when not using
+        SSO. Patch provided by Brian Burch. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52028">52028</a>: Add support for automatic binding to a free port by a
+        connector if the special value of zero is used for the port. This is
+        mainly useful in embedded and testing scenarios. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove obsolete <code>emptySessionPath</code> JMX attribute. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct error in fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49683">49683</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that the process of unlocking the acceptor thread does not
+        trigger processing of the connection as if it were a valid request.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52450">52450</a>: Add setter for entityResolver in ParserUtils.
+        This is mainly useful when jasper and dtds are in different
+        class loaders. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52321">52321</a>: Ensure that the order of multiple prelude/coda values
+        for JSP pages is respected. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52335">52335</a>: Only handle <code>&lt;\%</code> and not
+        <code>\%</code> as escaped in template text. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52440">52440</a>: Ensure that when using
+        <code>ValueExpression.getValueReference()</code> if the expression is an
+        EL variable that the value returned is the <code>ValueReference</code>
+        for the <code>ValueExpression</code> associated with the EL variable.
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52445">52445</a>: Don't assume that EL method expressions have
+        exactly three components (identifier, method name, paramaters). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=38216">38216</a>: Add the ability to invoke MBean operations to the JMX
+        proxy sevrlet in the Manager application. Based on a patch by
+        Christopher Hlubek. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Further clarify the relation between values used by
+        <code>RemoteIpValve</code> and <code>RemoteIpFilter</code>
+        and their use by <code>AccessLogValve</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52243">52243</a>: Improve windows service documentation to clarify how
+        to include <code>#</code> and/or <code>;</code> in the value of an
+        environment variable that is passed to the service. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52366">52366</a>: Fix typo in VirtualWebappLoader documentation
+        (configuration example). (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Replace Bugzilla search link on <code>ROOT/index.jsp</code> page with
+        one pointing to the bug reporting page of Tomcat site. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Move MBean dump code from JMXProxyServlet into a utility class. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)/Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)/Tribes"><strong>Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52208">52208</a>: Fix threading issue that may lead to harmless NPE
+        during shutdown that has occasionally been observed when running the
+        unit tests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52213">52213</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52354">52354</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52355">52355</a> and
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52356">52356</a>: Fix some potential concurrency issues in
+        <code>FastQueue</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1207712">r1207712</a>: Pool cleaner should be a global thread, not spawn
+        one thread per connection pool. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.24 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.24_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Apache Commons Daemon to 1.0.8. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Apache Commons Pool to 1.5.7. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix line ends in <code>.gitignore</code> files contained in source
+        distributions. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Run Mapper performance test twice if the first run took too long,
+        to ignore occasional failures. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Align <code>.gitignore</code> and <code>build.xml</code>
+        exclude patterns with <code>svn:ignore</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Configure <code>defaultexcludes</code> for Ant 1.8.1/1.8.2.
+        The <code>.git</code> and <code>.gitignore</code> patterns are
+        in since Ant 1.8.2, but we include <code>.gitignore</code> in
+        src distributions. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52237">52237</a>: Allow JUnit logs to be generated in formats other than
+        plain text. Patch provided by M Hasko. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix build condition for tomcat-dbcp to always rebuild whan a new version
+        of commons-pool or commons-dbcp is downloaded. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add example of configuration for <code>SetCharacterEncodingFilter</code>
+        to the default <code>web.xml</code> file. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Switch unit tests to bind Connectors to localhost rather than all
+        available IP addresses. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Eclipse JDT Compiler 3.7.1. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add Netbeans <code>nbproject</code> folder to <code>svn:ignore</code>
+        and <code>.gitignore</code>. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Align <code>.gitignore</code> with trunk. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-11-25</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46264">46264</a>: Add the ability to start and stop containers
+        (primarily Contexts) using a thread pool rather than a single thread.
+        This can significantly improve start and stop time. Based on patches
+        by Joe Kislo and Felix Schumacher. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50570">50570</a>: Enable FIPS mode to be set in AprLifecycleListener.
+        Based upon a patch from Chris Beckey. (schultz/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51744">51744</a>: Throw the correct exception if an application attempts
+        to modify the associated JNDI context. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51744">51744</a>: Add an option to the StandardContext that allows
+        exception throwing when an application attempts to modify the associated
+        JNDI context to be disabled. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51910">51910</a>: Prevent NPE on connector stop if Comet applications
+        are being used without the CometConnectionManagerValve. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51940">51940</a>: Do not limit saving of request bodies during FORM
+        authentication to POST requests since any HTTP method may include a
+        request body. Based on a patch by Nicholas Sushkin. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51956">51956</a>: RemoteAddrFilter used getRemoteHost instead of
+        getRemoteAddr when filtering Comet events. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51952">51952</a>: Make the inclusion of a response body with a redirect
+        response introduced to address <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=41718">41718</a> optional and disabled by
+        default due to the side-effects of including a body with the response in
+        this case. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51972">51972</a>: Correctly handle protocol relative URLs when used with
+        <code>sendRedirect()</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Simplify the deployment code and use full paths in log messages to
+        remove any ambiguity in where a context is being deployed from. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52009">52009</a>: Fix a NPE during access log entry recording when an
+        error occurred during the processing of a Comet request. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In <code>OneLineFormatter</code> log formatter in JULI always use
+        the US locale to format the date (esp. the month names). (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Cache the results of parsing the global and host level web.xml files to
+        improve web application start time. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52042">52042</a>: Correct threading issue in annotation caching that
+        could lead to an NPE if multiple threads were processing the same class
+        hierarchy for annotations. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct additional threading and premature clearance issues with the
+        annotation cache. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49779">49779</a> that
+        parameters POSTed by an unauthenticated user to a page that required
+        FORM authentication were lost during the authentication process.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52055">52055</a>: Ensure that the input and output buffers are correctly
+        reset between keep-alive requests when using Servlet 3.0 asynchronous
+        request processing. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure changes to the configuration of the RemoteHostValve and the
+        RemoteAddrValve via JMX are thread-safe. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure the the memory leak protection for the HttpClient keep-alive
+        always operates even if the thread has already stopped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove the Java 1.2 specific error handling around the adding of the
+        shutdown hook. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct errors in i18n resources and resource usage that meant some
+        messages were either not used or were incorrectly formatted. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Replace the use of deprecated auth method names from
+        <code>authenticator.Constants</code> with the auth method names from
+        <code>HttpServletRequest</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Make configuration issues for security related Valves and Filters result
+        in the failure of the valve or filter rather than just a warning
+        message. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve performance of parameter processing for GET and POST requests.
+        Also add an option to limit the maximum number of parameters processed
+        per request. This defaults to 10000. Excessive parameters are ignored.
+        Note that <code>FailedRequestFilter</code> can be used to reject the
+        request if some parameters were ignored. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52091">52091</a>: Address performance issues related to lock contention
+        in StandardWrapper. Patch provided by Taiki Sugawara. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Switch to using Collections.enumeration() rather than custom code that
+        does the same thing. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52113">52113</a>: Don't assume presence of context.xml file with JMX
+        deployment. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        In <code>RequestFilterValve</code> (<code>RemoteAddrValve</code>,
+        <code>RemoteHostValve</code>): refactor value matching logic into
+        separate method and expose this new method <code>isAllowed</code>
+        through JMX. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52156">52156</a>: Ensure that
+        <code>getServletContext().getResource(path)</code> returns the correct
+        resource when path contains <code>/../</code> sequences or any other
+        sequences that require normalization. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Report existence of HTTP request parameter parsing errors via new
+        special ServletRequest attribute,
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.parameter_parse_failed</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        New filter <code>FailedRequestFilter</code> that will reject a request
+        if there were errors during HTTP parameter parsing. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve special attributes handling in Request object by using hash
+        table lookup instead of series of string comparisons. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Deprecate unused methods in <code>IntrospectionUtils</code> class.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve processing of errors that are wrapped in
+        <code>InvocationTargetException</code>. Rethrow fatal errors that must
+        be rethrown. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve handling of failed web application deployments during automatic
+        deployment. Once deployment of a web application fails in one form (e.g.
+        WAR), no further attempt (e.g. directory) will be made to deploy that
+        web application. The base Lifecycle implementation has been improved to
+        allow failed web applications to be started once the configuration
+        issues have been resolved. Any changes to a context.xml file (global,
+        per host or web application specific) will now result in a redeploy
+        of the affected web application(s) that ensures that any changes are
+        correctly applied rather than a reload which ignores changes in
+        context.xml files. (markt/kkolinko) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52173">52173</a>: Improve Javadoc for <code>delegate</code> attribute
+        of WebappClassLoader. Based on a patch by bmargulies. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add <code>denyStatus</code> attribute to <code>RequestFilterValve</code>
+        (<code>RemoteAddrValve</code>, <code>RemoteHostValve</code> valves) and
+        <code>RequestFilter</code> (<code>RemoteAddrFilter</code>,
+        <code>RemoteHostFilter</code> filters). It allows to use different
+        HTTP response code when rejecting denied request. E.g. 404 instead
+        of 403. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Slightly improve performance of UDecoder.convert(). Align
+        <code>%2f</code> handling between implementations. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51881">51881</a>: Correctly complete Comet requests when the Comet END
+        event is triggered asynchronously. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51905">51905</a>: Fix infinite loop in AprEndpoint shutdown if
+        acceptor unlock fails. Reduce timeout before forcefully closing
+        the socket from 30s to 10s. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51912">51912</a>: Fix HTTP header processing in NIO HTTP connector.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve MimeHeaders.toString(). (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix threading issue in NIO connectors during shutdown that meant Comet
+        connections were not always shut down cleanly. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        In HTTP connectors: self-guard against using a non-recycled input
+        buffer. Requests will be rejected with response status 400. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52121">52121</a>: Fix possible output corruption when compression is
+        enabled for a connector and the response is flushed. Includes a test
+        case provided by David Marcks. (kkolinko/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve multi-byte character handling in Coyote output for HTTP
+        and AJP. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Refactor acceptor unlock code to reduce waiting time during connector
+        pause and stop. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct possible (but very small) memory leak when using maxLoadedJsps
+        to limit the number of JSPs loaded at any one time. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52051">52051</a>: Better handling of missing resource problems with
+        non-standard Servlet mappings so that a 404 response is returned to the
+        client rather than a 500 response. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52091">52091</a>: Address performance issues related to log creation
+        in TagHandlerPool. Patch provided by Taiki Sugawara. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Switch to using Collections.enumeration() rather than custom code that
+        does the same thing. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid an unnecessary session ID change notice. 
+        Notice of changed session ID by JvmRouteBinderValve is unnecessary to 
+        BackupManager. In BackupManager, change of session ID is replicated by 
+        the call of a setId() method. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix duplicate <code>resetDeltaRequest()</code> call in
+        <code>DeltaSession.setId(String)</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Work around a <a href="http://bugs.sun.com/view_bug.do?bug_id=6427854">known JVM bug</a> that is fixed in 1.7.0_01 but still
+        present in 1.6.0_29 and was triggering intermittent unit test failure
+        for <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.
+        TestGroupChannelMemberArrival.testMemberArrival</code>.
+        The bug affects any components that use NIO although it was more likely
+        to be observed in the clustering module than the HTTP or AJP NIO
+        connector. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        When Context manager does not exist, no context manager message is 
+        replied in order to avoid timeout (default 60sec) of 
+        GET_ALL_SESSIONS sync phase. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix setting maxInactiveInterval, sessionIdLength and
+        processExpiresFrequency for cluster managers. Use setter
+        when setting maxActiveSessions. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50923">50923</a>: Use distinct background color for <code>code</code>
+        tag in Tomcat documentation, for better readability. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51630">51630</a>: Fix bug in async0 example that triggered an
+        IllegalStateException in the application log. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52025">52025</a>: Add additional information regarding DriverManager,
+        the service provider mechanism and memory leaks. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52049">52049</a>: Improve setup instructions for running as a Windows
+        service: remove references to specific Windows operating systems - it
+        easily becomes dated; correct information on how a JRE is identified and
+        selected. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52172">52172</a>: Clarify Tomcat build instructions. Patch provided
+        by bmargulies. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52015">52015</a>: In jdbc-pool: JdbcInterceptor passes not 'this' but 
+        'proxy' to <code>getNext().invoke</code>. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In jdbc-pool: Improve handling of Errors that originate from methods
+        invoked through reflection. In <code>TrapException</code> interceptor:
+        rethrow Error as is, without wrapping it in a RuntimeException.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In jdbc-pool: Unwrap InvocationTargetException if it is caught in
+        <code>ResultSetProxy</code>, like we do it elsewhere. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When building jdbc-pool from within Tomcat, use Tomcat's
+        <code>output</code> directory location. This allows to move all build
+        output away from the source tree. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.23 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.23_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the package re-named copy of Commons BCEL (formerly Jakarta BCEL)
+        to the latest code from Commons BCEL trunk. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove some unused code from the packaged renamed Commons BCEL. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52059">52059</a>: In Windows uninstaller: Do not forget to remove
+        Tomcat keys from 32-bit registry on deinstallation. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Start the process of deprecating unused and unnecessary code that will
+        be removed in the next major release (8.0.x). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Ignore <code>.git</code> directory when building the source
+        distributive. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove trailing whitespace from the default configuration files.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve <code>RUNNING.txt</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update optional Checkstyle library to 5.5. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        In test suite: add <code>LoggingBaseTest</code> class to allow
+        use of Tomcat logging configuration in tests that do not start Tomcat.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In test suite: speed up <code>TestGroupChannelSenderConnections</code>.
+        Remove 48 seconds worth of waits. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=52148">52148</a>: Add tomcat-coyote.jar to catalina-tasks.xml as this
+        JAR is now required by the Ant tasks. Patch provided by Volker Krebs.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add sample Apache Commons Daemon JSVC wrapper script
+        <code>bin/daemon.sh</code> that can be used with <code>/etc/init.d</code>.
+        (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-10-01</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51550">51550</a>: An additional change that ensures any exceptions
+        thrown by an Authenticator (or any other Valve configured for the
+        Context) will be handled by the custom error pages for the Context if an
+        appropriate error page is configured. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51580">51580</a>: Added a nicer error message when a WAR file contains
+        filenames not properly encoded in UTF-8. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51687">51687</a>: Added (optional) protection against
+        sun.java2d.Disposer thread pinning a WebappClassLoader into memory
+        in the JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51741">51741</a>: Fixes a problem with Eclipse WTP "Serve modules
+        without publishing" feature where applications failed to access
+        resources when using getResource() on the classloader. (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51744">51744</a>: Prevent application code from closing the associated
+        JNDI context while the application is running. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression with the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51653">51653</a> that broke custom
+        error pages for 4xx responses from the Authenticators. Error handling
+        and request listeners are now handled in the StandardHostValve to ensure
+        they wrap all Context level activity. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51758">51758</a>: The digester (used for processing XML files) used the
+        logger name <code>org.apache.commons.digester.Digester</code> rather
+        than the expected <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester</code>.
+        The digester has been changed to use the expected logger name.
+        (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51774">51774</a>: Fix incorrect cached method signature that prevented
+        session tracking modes from being defined in web.xml when running under
+        a security manager. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add an annotation cache to the <code>DefaultInstanceManager</code> that
+        improves performance for applications that make use of a lot of
+        non-poolable objects (e.g. tag files) that need to be scanned for
+        annotations when created. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use the specification compliant request attribute of
+        <code>javax.servlet.request.ssl_session_id</code> to access the SSL
+        session ID and deprecated the Tomcat specific request attribute. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow to overwrite the check for distributability
+        of session attributes by session implementations. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add Java 7 sunec.jar and zipfs.jar to the list of JARs
+        to skip when scanning for TLDs and web fragments. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51862">51862</a>: Added a <code>classesToInitialize</code> attribute to 
+        <code>JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</code> to allow pre-loading of configurable
+        classes to avoid some classloader leaks. (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Reduce visibility of static field <code>ManagerBase.name</code> and
+        make it final. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add thread name to juli OneLineFormatter. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure Servlets that implement ContainerServlet always get treated as
+        restricted. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51872">51872</a>: Ensure that the access log always uses the correct
+        value for the remote IP address associated with the request and that
+        requests with multiple errors do not result in multiple entries in
+        the access log. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove unused and undocumented socketCloseDelay attribute from NIO
+        connector. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49683">49683</a>: Support separate connection and keep-alive timeouts
+        for the APR/native connector HTTP and AJP connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Further re-factoring of the HTTP connectors to align the BIO, NIO and
+        APR implementations. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51794">51794</a>: Fix race condition in NioEndpoint. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51811">51811</a>: Correct SSL configuration property name from
+        sslImplemenationName to sslImplementationName. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix a timing issue in NIO connector that meant that stopping a connector
+        did not trigger a Comet END event if the associated processor was
+        processing a READ event when the connector was stopped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Replace unneeded call that iterated events queue in NioEndpoint.Poller.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51860">51860</a>: Fix issues if using NIO with a custom
+        SSLImplementation. Based on a suggestion by Roman Tsirulnikov. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow the BIO HTTP connector to be used with SSL when running under Java
+        7. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't send AJP CPONG if endpoint is already paused. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Align APR AJP connector with NIO one. Send 503 if endpoint is paused.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Accept AJP request even if endpoint is paused, if CPING was successful.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When unloading JSPs due to configuration of the
+        <code>maxLoadedJsps</code> initialisation parameter, the unloading code
+        was retaining a reference to the to the unloaded JSP preventing the
+        associated class from being unloaded until the JSP that replaced it was
+        itself unloaded. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51852">51852</a>: Correct two problems in the handling of varargs
+        methods with the BeanELResolver. The first meant the wrong method was
+        sometimes called and the second that an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsExceptions
+        could be thrown. Patch (including a test case) provided by Matt Benson.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Refactor cluster manager configuration: move handling of common
+        attributes to base class. (kfujino, rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        New cluster manager attribute <code>sessionAttributeFilter</code>
+        allows to filter which session attributes are replicated using a
+        regular expression applied to the attribute name. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the documentation for <code>connectionLinger</code> attribute
+        for the AJP and HTTP connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Document caveat of using <code>RemoteAddrValve</code> with IPv6
+        addresses. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In jdbc-pool: Avoid IllegalArgumentException when setting maxActive 
+        less than or equal to 0.
+        ArrayBlockingQueue doesn't allow capacity of 0 or less. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48392">48392</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1169796">r1169796</a>): Fix typo in
+        <code>StatementDecoratorInterceptor</code>. (fhanik) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51139">51139</a>:
+        In jdbc-pool: validatorClassName and suspectTimeout are ignored. 
+        In order to support them correctly, validatorClassName and 
+        suspectTimeout are added to a property list. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51786">51786</a>:
+        In jdbc-pool: Discarded connection is not active in a pool any longer. 
+        It removes from the active connection list. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51871">51871</a>: Fix dependency in Maven POM file of
+        tomcat-jbdc. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.22 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.22_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the "test" target in the default build file to report a test
+        failure only after all available connector variants (bio, nio, apr)
+        have been tested. Do not stop after first connector that fails.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51887">51887</a>: When running the unit tests, use a fast but insecure
+        random number source for session ID generation to reduce the delays
+        caused by waiting for entropy. (kkolinko/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Code clean-up to further reduce the number of warnings reported by
+        Eclipse, FindBugs and CheckStyle. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>  
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-09-01</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=41718">41718</a>: Include a response body when sending a redirect.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51640">51640</a>: Improve the memory leak prevention for leaks triggered
+        by java.sql.DriverManager. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51644">51644</a>: Fix annotation scanning for contexts with a
+        multi-level context path such as /a/b. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Unregisters MBean of DataSource when web application stops. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51650">51650</a>: Code clean-up. Patch provided by Felix Schumacher.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51653">51653</a>: Move application level error page handling from the
+        Host to the Context. This ensures that application error page handling
+        is completed before the requestDestroyed event of any
+        ServletRequestListener is fired. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51654">51654</a>: Improve handling of invalid appBase settings for Host
+        elements. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51658">51658</a>: Fix possible NPE when logging a failed request. Based
+        on a suggestion by Felix Schumacher. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51688">51688</a>: JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener now protects against
+        AWT thread creation. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51712">51712</a>: Ensure cache control headers are sent when appropriate
+        even if the request is secure. Patch provided by Michael Zampani.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51713">51713</a>: Improve message that is logged if there is an error
+        in the value of <code>protocol</code> in a <code>Connector</code>.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51739">51739</a>: When using a landing page with FORM authentication
+        ensure that the request has a valid HTTP method. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51641">51641</a>: Use correct key when removing processor instances from
+        the connections map during clean-up. Patch provided by zhh. (mark)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        More changes to align the code between the different HTTP connectors.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure AjpMessage headers are correct for the direction of the message.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="code" class="icon" src="./images/code.gif"></td><td>
+        Code clean-up and re-factoring to reduce duplicate code in the AJP
+        processor implementations. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Detect incomplete AJP messages and reject the associated request if one
+        is found. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51698">51698</a>: Fix CVE-2011-3190. Prevent AJP message injection.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=41673">41673</a>: Use platform line-endings when reporting compilation
+        errors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51736">51736</a>: Make rpcTimeout configurable in BackupManager. 
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51649">51649</a>: Update the documentation web application to include
+        the ThreadLocal leak prevention listener. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51583">51583</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1157874">r1157874</a>, <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1162102">r1162102</a>): Fix
+        shutdown delay in jdbc-pool. (fhanik/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.21 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.21_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51558">51558</a>: Don't force the use of StandardManager when using
+        any of the <code>Tomcat#addWebapp()</code> methods. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51704">51704</a>: Make use of <code>File#mkdirs()</code> more robust.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>  
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.20 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.20_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.20 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-08-11</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.20 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.20_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Corrected missing comma in the value of <code>jarsToSkip</code>
+        property in <code>conf/catalina.properties</code> file, which
+        caused tomcat-jdbc.jar and commons-beanutils*.jar to be not
+        ignored when scanning jars for tag libraries. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=41709">41709</a>: Provide exception messages where no message is
+        provided currently for IllegalStateExcpetions triggered by calling
+        HttpServletResponse methods when the reponse is committed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51509">51509</a>: Fix potential concurrency issue in CSRF prevention
+        filter that may lead to some requests failing that should not. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51518">51518</a>: Correct error in web.xml parsing rules for the
+        &lt;others/&gt; tag when using absolute ordering. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Move the SetCharacterEncoding filter from the examples web application
+        to the <code>org.apache.catalina.filters</code> package so it is
+        available for all web applications. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51550">51550</a>: Internal errors in Tomcat components that process
+        requests before they are passed to a web application, such as
+        Authenticators, now return a 500 response rather than a 200 response.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51555">51555</a>: Allow destroy() to be called on Lifecycle components
+        that are in the initialized state. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add x-threadname pattern format token to ExtendedAccessLogValve to log
+        the current request thread name. Based on a patch from Felix Schumacher.
+        (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51584">51584</a>: Ensure file paths are encoded/decoded when translated
+        to/from URLs when working with resources from a Context so special
+        characters don't cause issues. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51586">51586</a>: Expand error handling to cover anything that is
+        recoverable (or might be recoverable) when loading classes during
+        HandlesTypes processing. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51588">51588</a>: Make it easier to extend the AccessLogValve to add
+        support for custom elements. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that calls to StandardWrapper methods() that may trigger creation
+        of a Servlet instance always do so in way that correctly instantiates a
+        Servlet instance. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In JDBCStore: Committing connection if autoCommit is false.
+        Make sure committed connection is returned to the pool if datasource is 
+        enabled. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Split <code>condition</code> attribute of AccessLogValve into two,
+        <code>conditionIf</code> and <code>conditionUnless</code>. Implement
+        conditional logging that logs only if a request attribute is present.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow to have several AccessLogValve instances in the same scope (e.g.
+        in the same Context). (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51610">51610</a>: If an unchecked exception occurs during a lifecycle
+        transition (e.g. web application start) ensure that the component is
+        put into the failed state. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51614">51614</a>: Avoid calling store.load() and  session.expire()
+        twice in PersistentManager when expiring sessions. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent spurious log warnings on container stop if a child component has
+        previously failed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add missing getter and setter for the alwaysUseSession attribute of the
+        authenticators. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.20 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.20_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49595">49595</a>: Prevent JVM crash with the AJP APR connector when
+        flushing a closed socket. (jfclere)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50394">50394</a>: Return -1 instead of throwing an exception when
+        encountering an EOF while processing an input stream with the HTTP APR
+        connector. (jfclere)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly handle a connectionTimeout value of -1 (no timeout) for the
+        HTTP NIO and AJP NIO connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51503">51503</a>: Add additional validation that prevents a connector
+        from starting if it does not have a port &gt; 0. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51557">51557</a>: Ignore HTTP headers that do not comply with RFC 2616
+        and use header names that are not tokens. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve error handling for HTTP APR if an error occurs while using
+        sendfile. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that when using sendfile, HTTP APR sockets are not added to
+        multiple pollers. This may cause errors during shutdown. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Set <code>reuse</code> flag of final AJP <code>END_RESPONSE</code>
+        packet to <code>0</code> if we plan to close the connection. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly indicate if socket is closing when calling recycle for the AJP
+        NIO processor. Note since the flag is unused in this case there were no
+        bugs triggered by the re-factoring error. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.20 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.20_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51532">51532</a>: JSP files with dependencies in JARs were recompiled on
+        every access leading to poor performance. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51544">51544</a>: Correctly resolve bean methods in EL so accessible
+        methods that are overridden by inaccessible methods do not cause an
+        IllegalAccessException. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.20 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.20_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=41498">41498</a>: Add the allRolesMode attribute to the Realm
+        configuration page in the documentation web application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48997">48997</a>: Fixed some typos and correct cross-referencing to the
+        HTTP Connector documentation with the SSL How-To page of the
+        documentation web application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49122">49122</a>: Improvements and fixes for index page for ROOT web
+        application. Based on a patch provided by pidster. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51516">51516</a>: Correct documentation web application to show correct
+        system property name for changing the name of the SSO session cookie.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Configure the Manager and Host Manager web applications with the Set
+        Character Encoding Filter to make the default request character encoding
+        UTF-8 to improve i18n support. Note that best results will be obtained
+        if the connector is also configured with
+        <code>URIEncoding="UTF-8"</code>.(markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the documentation web application to be even more explicit about
+        the implications of setting the path attribute on a Context element in
+        server.xml. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51561">51561</a>: Update the Realm page within the documentation web
+        application to recommend the use of digest.[bat|sh] to generate digests
+        rather than calling RealmBase directly. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51567">51567</a>: Update the class loading page of the documentation
+        web application to include information on the search order for the
+        common class loader when separate values are used for $CATALINA_HOME and
+        $CATALINA_BASE. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve class loading documentation and logging documentation.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add information to the security page of the the documentation web
+        application for the ciphers attribute of the Connector element. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.20 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.20_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51503">51503</a>: Add additional validation to Windows installer that
+        ensure that the shutdown port, HTTP port and AJP port are all specified
+        during the install process. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51531">51531</a>: Update sample Eclipse classpath file to reflect
+        updated ECJ jar. Patch provided by Ian Brandt. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Convert Tomcat unit tests to JUnit 4. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update optional CheckStyle library to 5.4. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove <code>resolveHosts</code> attribute from AccessLogValve
+        configuration in the default <code>server.xml</code>. It was documented
+        in 7.0.19 that it has no effect. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Simplify mapping for <code>jsp</code> servlet in the default
+        <code>web.xml</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly handle uninstall with the Windows installer if the service is
+        installed with a name that contains a '-' character. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51598">51598</a>: Prevent direct invocation of the Windows uninstaller
+        without a service name from executing since the uninstall will not be
+        complete. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use Tomcat icon (cat) instead of Apache Commons Daemon (feather) one
+        in the list of uninstallable programs on Windows. (kkolinko) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.7. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51621">51621</a>: Add additional required JARs to the deployer
+        distribution. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix a small number of warnings reported by FindBugs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to version 1.1.22 of the native component for the AJP APR/native
+        and HTTP APR/native connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.19_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-07-19</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.19_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add option to activate access log for unit tests. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix regression in year number formatting for AccessLogValve. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46252">46252</a>: Allow to specify character set to be used to write
+        the access log in AccessLogValve. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51494">51494</a>: Prevent an NPE when a long running request completes
+        if the associated web application was destroyed while the request was
+        processing. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow choosing a locale for timestamp formatting in AccessLogValve.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When generating access logs for errors, log at the Context/Host level if
+        a Context or Host can be identified for the failed request. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Create a directory for access log or error log (in AccessLogValve and
+        in JULI FileHandler) automatically when it is specified as a part of
+        the file name, e.g. in the <code>prefix</code> attribute. Earlier this
+        happened only if it was specified with the <code>directory</code>
+        attribute. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Log a failure if access log file cannot be opened. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use en_US as locale for timestamps in ExtendedAccessLogValve.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use en_US as locale for creationdate in WebdavServlet. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.19_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51477">51477</a>: Support all SSL protocol combinations in the
+        APR/native connector. This only works when using the native library
+        version 1.1.21 or later, which is not yet released. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Various refactorings to reduce code duplication and unnecessary code in
+        the connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct regression introduced in 7.0.17 that triggered 400 entries in
+        the AccessLog when using the AJP/BIO connector. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix regression producing invalid MBean names when using IPV6
+        addresses for connectors. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add missing thread name in RequestProcessor when Servlet 3 Async
+        is used. Fixes null thread name in access log and JMX MBean. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix CVE-2011-2526. Protect against infinite loops (HTTP NIO) and crashes
+        (HTTP APR) if sendfile is configured to send more data than is available
+        in the file. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent NPEs when a socket is closed in non-error conditions after
+        sendfile processing when using the HTTP NIO connector. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.19_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove unnecessary server.xml parsing code for old cluster
+        implementation that does not ship as part of Tomcat 7. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.19_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add additional information to the documentation web application on the
+        benefits and remaining risks when running under a security manager.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51490">51490</a>: Correct broken HTML in JSP tag plugin examples and
+        improve the &lt;c:if&gt; example to make failures more obvious. Based on
+        suggestions by Charles. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Document ExtendedAccessLogValve. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct default value of <code>enableLookups</code> for connectors
+        and mention, that <code>resolveHosts</code> for the AccessLogValve
+        is replaced by <code>enableLookups</code>. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)/jdbc-pool"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.19_(markt)/jdbc-pool"><strong>jdbc-pool</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Include jdbc-pool into Tomcat release. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.19 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.19_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.6. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Eclipse JDT Compiler 3.7. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.18 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.18_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.18 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.18 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.18_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct regression introduced in 7.0.17 that triggered an NPE if a
+        CrawlerSessionManagerValve was used without setting crawlerUserAgents.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51466">51466</a>: Correct comment typos in HostManagerServlet. Patch
+        provided by Felix Schumacher. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51467">51467</a>: Invoke Thread.start() rather than Thread.run() so that
+        listeners and filters are stopped in a separate thread rather than the
+        current thread. Patch provided by Felix Schumacher. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51473">51473</a>: Fix concatenation of values in
+        <code>SecurityConfig.setSecurityProperty()</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix response.encodeURL() for the special case of an absolute URL
+        with no path segment (http://name). (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.18 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.18_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct regression caused by connector re-factoring that made AJP
+        APR/native connector very unstable on Windows platforms. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct regression caused by connector re-factoring that meant that
+        sendfile data was not reset between pipe-lined HTTP requests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.18 (markt)/Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.18_(markt)/Tribes"><strong>Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Re-factor tests to align packages for tests with the classes under test.
+        Start to convert non-JUnit tests to JUnit. Remove unnecessary code.
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add synchronization to receiver socket binding to prevent test failures
+        on Linux. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.18 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.18_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        More code clean-up to remove unused code and reduce IDE warnings.
+        (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Further improvements to the Windows installer. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.17_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.17_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48956">48956</a>: Add regular expression support for SSI. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49165">49165</a>: Allow any time stamp formats supported by
+        SimpleDateFormat in AccessLogValve. Support logging begin and/or end of
+        request. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50677">50677</a>: Allow system property variables to be used in the
+        values of "common.loader" and other "*.loader" properties in the
+        <code>catalina.properties</code> file. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51376">51376</a>: When adding a Servlet via
+        ServletContext#addServlet(String, Servlet), the Servlet was not
+        initialized when the web application started and a load on startup value
+        was set. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51386">51386</a>: Correct code for processing @HandlesTypes annotations
+        so only types of interest are reported to a ServletContainerInitializer.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Add the Tomcat extras, ant-junit and Java Help Jars to the list of JARs
+        to skip when scanning for TLDs and web fragments. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        The fix for bug <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51310">51310</a> caused a regression that re-introduced
+        bug <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49957">49957</a> and deleted the contents of the work directory
+        when Tomcat was shutdown. This fix ensures that that work directory for
+        an application is not deleted when Tomcat is shutdown. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct issues with JULI's OneLineFormatter including: correctly
+        re-using formatted timestamps when possible; thread-safety issues in
+        timestamp formatting; correcting the output of any milliseconds to
+        include leading zeros and formatting any parameters present.
+        (kkolinko/markt/rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51395">51395</a>: Fix memory leak triggered when an application that
+        includes a SAXParserFactory is the first web application to be loaded.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51396">51396</a>: Correctly handle jsp-file entries in web.xml when the
+        JSP servlet has been configured via code when embedding Tomcat. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51400">51400</a>: Avoid known bottleneck in JVM when converting between
+        Strings and bytes by always providing a Charset rather than an encoding
+        name. Based on a patch by Dave Engberg. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51401">51401</a>: Correctly initialise shared WebRuleSet instance used
+        by the digesters that parse web.xml and prevent incorrect warnings about
+        multiple occurrences of elements that are only allowed to appear once in
+        web.xml and web-fragment.xml. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51403">51403</a>: Avoid NPE in JULI FileHandler if formatter is
+        misconfigured. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Previous improvements in JAR scanning performance introduced a start-up
+        performance penalty for some use cases. This fix addresses those
+        performance penalties while retaining the original improvements. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51418">51418</a>: Provide more control over Context creation when
+        embedding Tomcat. Based on a patch by Benson Margulies. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove redundant copy of catalina.properties from o.a.c.startup.
+        Generate this copy for inclusion in bin and src jars during the
+        ant "compile" task. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use system properties loaded from catalina.properties via the class
+        path in unit tests. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve JMX unit test. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix IllegalStateException for JavaScript files when switching from
+        Writer to OutputStream. The special handling of this case in the
+        DefaultServlet was broken due to a MIME type change for JavaScript.
+        (funkman)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix CVE-2011-2204. Prevent user passwords appearing in log files if a
+        runtime exception (e.g. OOME) occurs while creating a new user for a
+        MemoryUserDatabase via JMX. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix an issue with the CrawlerSessionManagerValve that meant sessions
+        were not always correctly tracked. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51436">51436</a>: Send 100 (Continue) response earlier to enable
+        ServletRequestListener implementations to read the request body. Based
+        on a patch by Simon Olofsson. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure an access log entry is made if an error occurs during
+        asynchronous request processing and the socket is immediately closed.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that if asyncDispatch() is called during an onTimeout event and
+        the target Servlet does not call startAsync() or complete() that Tomcat
+        calls complete() once the target Servlet exits. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve the handling for Servlets that implement the deprecated
+        SingleThreadModel when embedding Tomcat. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51445">51445</a>: Correctly initialise all instances of Servlets that
+        implement SingleThreadModel. Based on a patch by Felix Schumacher.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51453">51453</a>: Fix a regression in the preemptive authentication
+        support (enhancement <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12428">12428</a>) that could trigger authentication
+        even if preemptive authentication was disabled. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent possible NPE when serving Servlets that implement the
+        SingleThreadModel interface. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In launcher for embedded Tomcat: do not change <code>catalina.home</code>
+        system property if it had a value. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When using Servlets that implement the SingleThreadModel interface, add
+        the single instance created to the pool when it is determined that a
+        pool of servlets is required rather than throwing it away. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.17_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix unit test for bindOnInit which was failing for APR on some
+        platforms. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove superfluous quotes from thread names for connection pools.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix crash observed during pausing the connector when using APR.
+        Only add socket to poller if we are sure we don't close it later.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Various refactorings to reduce code duplication and unnecessary code in
+        the connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression introduced in Apache Tomcat 7.0.11 that broke
+        certificate revocation list handling. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.17_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve the message printed by TldLocationsCache and add configuration
+        example to the <code>logging.properties</code> file. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33453">33453</a>: Recompile JSPs if last modified time of the source or
+        any of its dependencies changes either forwards or backwards. Note that
+        this introduces an incompatible change to the code generated for JSPs.
+        Tomcat will automatically re-compile any JSPs and tag files found in the
+        work directory when upgrading from 7.0.16 or earlier to 7.0.17 or later.
+        If you later downgrade from 7.0.17 or later to 7.0.16 or earlier, you
+        must empty the work directory as part of the downgrade process. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=36362">36362</a>: Handle the case where tag file attributes (which can
+        use any valid XML name) have a name which is not a Java identifier.
+        (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Broaden the exception handling in the EL Parser so that more failures to
+        parse an expression include the failed expression in the exception
+        message. Hopefully, this will help track down the cause of
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51088">51088</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.17_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51306">51306</a>: Avoid NPE when handleSESSION_EXPIRED is processed 
+        while handleSESSION_CREATED is being processed. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Notifications of changes in session ID to other nodes in the cluster
+        should be controlled by notifySessionListenersOnReplication rather than
+        notifyListenersOnReplication. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        The change in session ID is notified to the container event listener on 
+        the backup node in cluster. 
+        This notification is controlled by 
+        notifyContainerListenersOnReplication.(kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.17_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Maven repository information in the documentation to reflect
+        current usage. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=43538">43538</a>: Add host name and IP address to the HTML Manager
+        application. Patch by Dennis Lundberg. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add <code>session="false"</code> directive to the index page of the
+        ROOT web application. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51443">51443</a>: Document the notifySessionListenersOnReplication
+        attribute for the DeltaManager. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51447">51447</a>: Viewing a back up session in the HTML Manager web
+        application no longer changes the session to a primary session. Based on
+        a patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.17 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.17_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33262">33262</a>: Install monitor to auto-start for current user only
+        rather than all users to be consistent with menu item creation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=40510">40510</a>: Provide an option to install shortcuts for the current
+        user or all users. Also ensure registry is correctly cleaned on
+        uninstall for 64-bit platforms. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50949">50949</a>: Provide the ability to specify the AJP port and
+        service name when installing Tomcat using the Windows installer. This
+        permits multiple instances of the same Tomcat version to be installed
+        side-by-side. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Clean up shell and batch scripts (improve consistency,
+        clarify comments, add <code>configtest</code> command support for
+        Windows). (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51206">51206</a>: Make CATALINA_BASE visible for setenv.sh. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove unnecessary variable BASEDIR from scripts. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51425">51425</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51450">51450</a>: Update Spanish translations. Based
+        on patches provided by Jesus Marin. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.16 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.16_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.16 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-06-17</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.16 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.16_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51249">51249</a>: Further improve system property replacement code
+        in ClassLoaderLogManager of Tomcat JULI to cover some corner cases.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51264">51264</a>: Improve the previous fix for this issue by returning
+        the connection to the pool when not in use so it does not appear to be
+        an abandoned connection. Patch provided by Felix Schumacher. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51324">51324</a>: Improve handling of exceptions when flushing the
+        response buffer to ensure that the doFlush flag does not get stuck in
+        the enabled state. Patch provided by Jeremy Norris. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51278">51278</a> that prevented any
+        web application from being marked as distributable. (kfujino/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51278">51278</a> that prevented a
+        web application from overriding the default welcome files. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Enable remaining valves for Servlet 3 asynchronous processing support.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid possible NPE when logging requests received during embedded Tomcat
+        shutdown. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51340">51340</a>: Fix thread-safety issue when parsing multiple web.xml
+        files in parallel. Apache Tomcat does not do this but products that
+        embed it may. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51344">51344</a>: Fix problem with Lifecycle re-factoring for deprecated
+        embedded class that prevented events being triggered. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51348">51348</a>: Prevent possible NPE when processing WebDAV locks.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.16 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.16_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When parsing the port in the HTTP host header, restrict the value to be
+        base 10 integer digits rather than hexadecimal ones.
+        (rjung/markt/kkolinko) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Various refactorings to reduce code duplication and unnecessary code in
+        the connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.16 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.16_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Change JAR scanning log messages where no TLDs are found to DEBUG level
+        and replace the multiple messages with a single INFO level message that
+        indicates that at least one JAR was scanned needlessly and how to obtain
+        more info. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.16 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.16_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Enable Servlet 3 asynchronous processing support when using clustering.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.16 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.16_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the log4j configuration settings when defining conversion
+        patterns in the documentation web application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.15_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.15_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=27122">27122</a>: Remove a workaround for a very old and since fixed
+        Mozilla bug and change the default value of the securePagesWithPragma
+        attribute of the Authenticator Valves to false. These changes should
+        reduce the likelihood of issues when downloading files with IE. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=35054">35054</a>: Check that a file is not specified for a Host's
+        appBase and log an error if it is. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51197">51197</a>: Fix possible dropped connection when sendError or
+        sendRedirect are used during async processing. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51221">51221</a>: Correct Spanish translation of text used in a 302
+        response. Patch provided by Paco Sober&oacute;n. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51249">51249</a>: Correct ClassLoaderLogManager system property
+        replacement code so properties of the form "}${...}" can be used
+        without error. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51264">51264</a>: Allow the JDBC persistent session store to use a
+        JNDI datasource to define the database in which sessions are persisted.
+        Patch provided by Felix Schumacher. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51274">51274</a>: Add missing i18n strings in PersistentManagerBase.
+        Patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51276">51276</a>: Provide an abstraction for accessing content in JARs
+        so the most efficient method can be selected depending on the type of
+        URL used to identify the JAR. This improves startup time when JARs are
+        located in $CATALINA_BASE/lib. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51277">51277</a>: Improve error message if an application is deployed
+        with an incomplete FORM authentication configuration. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51278">51278</a>: Allow ServletContainerInitializers to override
+        settings in the global default web.xml and the host web.xml. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51310">51310</a>: When stopping the Server object on shutdown call
+        destroy() after calling stop(). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.15_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51145">51145</a>: Add an AJP-NIO connector. (markt/rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.15_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51220">51220</a>: Add a system property to enable tag pooling with JSPs
+        that use a custom base class. Based on a patch by Dan Mikusa. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Include a comment header in generated java files that indicates when the
+        file was generated and which version of Tomcat generated it. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51240">51240</a>: Ensure that maxConnections limit is enforced when
+        multiple acceptor threads are configured. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.15_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51230">51230</a>: Add missing attributes to JMX for ReplicationValve and
+        JvmRouteBinderValve. Patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.15_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add documentation for AJP-NIO connector. (markt/rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51182">51182</a>: Document JAAS supported added in <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51119">51119</a>.
+        Patch provided by Neil Laurance. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51225">51225</a>: Fix broken documentation links for non-English locales
+        in the HTML Manager application. Patch provided by Eiji Takahashi.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51229">51229</a>: Fix bugs in the Servlet 3.0 asynchronous examples.
+        Patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51251">51251</a>: Add web application version support to the Ant tasks.
+        Based on a patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51294">51294</a>: Clarify behaviour of unpackWAR attribute of
+        StandardContext components. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.15 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.15_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46451">46451</a>: Configure svn:bugtraq properties for Tomcat trunk.
+        Based on a patch provided by Marc Guillemot. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51309">51309</a>: Correct logic in catalina.sh stop when using a PID
+        file to ensure the correct message is shown. Patch provided by Caio
+        Cezar. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.14 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.14_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.14 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-05-12</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.14 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.14_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Stylistic improvements to MIME type sync script.
+        Based on a patch provided by Felix Schumacher. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that the SSLValve provides the SSL key size as an Integer rather
+        than a String. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that the RemoteIpValve works correctly with Servlet 3.0
+        asynchronous requests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use safe equality test when determining event type in the
+        MapperListener. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use correct class loader when loading Servlet classes in
+        StandardWrapper. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide additional configuration options for the RemoteIpValve and
+        RemoteIpFilter to allow greater control over the values returned by
+        ServletRequest#getServerPort() and ServletRequest#getLocalPort() when
+        Tomcat is behind a reverse proxy. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure session cookie paths end in <code>/</code> so that session
+        cookies created for a context with a path of <code>/foo</code> do not
+        get returned with requests mapped to a context with a path of
+        <code>/foobar</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.14 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.14_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51177">51177</a>: Ensure Tomcat's MapElResolver always returns
+        <code>Object.class</code> for <code>getType()</code> as required by the
+        EL specification. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.13_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.13_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct mix-up in Realm Javadoc. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix display of response headers in AccessLogValve. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Implement display of multiple request headers in AccessLogValve:
+        print not just the value of the first header, but of the all of them,
+        separated by commas. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50306">50306</a>: New StuckThreadDetectionValve to detect requests that
+        take a long time to process, which might indicate that their processing
+        threads are stuck. Based on a patch provided by TomLu. (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51038">51038</a>: Ensure that asynchronous requests are included in
+        access logs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51042">51042</a>: Don't trigger session creation listeners when a
+        session ID is changed as part of the authentication process. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51050">51050</a>: Add additional common but non-standard file extension
+        to MIME type mappings for MPEG 4 files. Based on a patch by C&eacute;drik Lime.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add some additional common JARs that do not contain TLDs or web
+        fragments to the list of JARs to skip when scanning for TLDs and web
+        fragments. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        While scanning JARs for TLDs and fragments, avoid using JarFile and use
+        JarInputStream as in most circumstances where JARs are scanned, JarFile
+        will create a temporary copy of the JAR rather than using the resource
+        directly. This change significantly improves startup performance for
+        applications with lots of JARs to be scanned. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure response is committed when <code>AsyncContext#complete()</code>
+        is called. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add a container event that is fired when a session's ID is changed,
+        e.g. on authentication. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51099">51099</a>: Correctly implement non-default login configurations
+        (configured via the loginConfigName attribute) for the the SPNEGO
+        authenticator. (fhanik/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51119">51119</a>: Add JAAS authentication support to the
+        JMXRemoteLifecycleListener. Patch provided by Neil Laurance. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51136">51136</a>: Provide methods that enable the name of a Context on
+        Context creation when using Tomcat in an embedded scenario. Based on a
+        patch provided by David Calavera. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51137">51137</a>: Add additional Microsoft Office MIME type mappings.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Partial sync of MIME type mapping with mime.types from the Apache web
+        server. About 600 MIME types added, some changed. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make access logging more robust when logging requests that generate 400
+        responses since the request object is unlikely to be fully/correctly
+        populated in that case. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.13_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50957">50957</a>: Fix regression in HTTP BIO connector that triggered
+        errors when processing pipe-lined requests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50158">50158</a>: Ensure the asynchronous requests never timeout if the
+        timeout is set to zero or less. Based on a patch provided by Chris.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51073">51073</a>: Throw an exception and do not start the APR connector
+        if it is configured for SSL and an invalid value is provided for
+        SSLProtocol. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Align all the connector implementations with the documented default
+        setting for processorCache of 200. This changes the default from -1
+        (unlimited) for the AJP-BIO, AJP-APR and HTTP-APR connectors. Additional
+        information was also added to the documentation on how to select an
+        appropriate value. 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Take account of time spent waiting for a processing thread when
+        calculating connection and keep-alive timeouts for the HTTP BIO
+        connector. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51095">51095</a>: Don't trigger a NullPointerException when the SSL
+        handshake fails with the HTTP-APR connector. Patch provided by Mike
+        Glazer. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve handling in AJP connectors of the case where too large a AJP
+        packet is received. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Restore the automatic disabling of HTTP keep-alive with the BIO
+        connector once 75% of the processing threads are in use and make the
+        threshold configurable. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make pollerSize and maxConnections synonyms for the APR connectors since
+        they perform the same function. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Use maxThreads rather than 10000 as the default maxConnections for the
+        BIO connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.13_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47371">47371</a>: Correctly coerce the empty string to zero when used as
+        an operand in EL arithmetic. Patch provided by gbt. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Label JSP/tag file line and column numbers when reporting errors since
+        it may not be immediately obvious what the numbers represent. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49916">49916</a> that resulted in
+        JSPs being compiled twice rather than just once. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Log JARs that are scanned for TLDs where no TLD is found so that users
+        can easily identify JARs that can be added to the list of JARs to skip.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Use a single TLD location cache for a web application rather than one
+        per JSP compilation to speed up JSP compilation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51124">51124</a>: Refactor BodyContentImpl to assist in determining the
+        root cause of this bug. Based on a patch by Ramiro. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.13_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50950">50950</a>: Correct possible NotSerializableException for an
+        authenticated session when running with a security manager. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.13_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Configure Security Manager How-To to include a copy of the actual
+        conf/catalina.policy file when the documentation is built, rather
+        than maintaining a copy of its content. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix broken stylesheet URL in XML based manager status output. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51156">51156</a>: Ensure session expiration option is available in
+        Manager application was running web applications that were defined in
+        server.xml. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.13 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.13_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Clarify error messages in *.sh files to mention that if a script is
+        not found it might be because execute permission is needed. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Apache Commons Pool to 1.5.6. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51135">51135</a>: Fix auto-detection of JAVA_HOME for 64-bit Windows
+        platforms that only have a 32-bit JVM installed. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51154">51154</a>: Remove duplicate @deprecated tags in ServletContext
+        Javadoc. Patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51155">51155</a>: Add comments to @deprecated tags that have none. Patch
+        provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.12 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.12_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.12 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-04-06</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.12 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.12_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Automatically correct invalid paths when specified for Context elements
+        inside server.xml and log a warning that the configuration has been
+        corrected. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't unpack WAR files if they are not located in the Host's
+        appBase. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't log to standard out in SSLValve. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Handle the case where a web crawler provides an invalid session ID in
+        the CrawlerSessionManagerValve. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update pattern used in CrawlerSessionManagerValve to that used by the
+        ASF infrastructure team. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove unnecessary whitespace from MIME mapping entries in global
+        web.xml file. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When using parallel deployment, correctly handle the scenario when the
+        client sends multiple JSESSIONID cookies. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12428">12428</a>: Add support (disabled by default) for preemptive
+        authentication. This can be configured per context. Based on a patch
+        suggested by Werner Donn. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make the CSRF nonce cache serializable so that it can be replicated
+        across a cluster and/or persisted across Tomcat restarts. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Resolve some refactoring TODOs in the implementation of the new Context
+        attribute "swallowAbortedUploads". (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Include the seed time when calculating the time taken to create
+        SecureRandom instances for session ID generation, report excessive times
+        (greater than 100ms) at INFO level and provide a value for the message
+        key so a meaningful message appears in the logs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't register Contexts that fail to start with the Mapper. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48685">48685</a>: Add initial support for SPNEGO/Kerberos authentication
+        also referred to as integrated Windows authentication. This includes
+        user authentication, authorisation via the directory using the
+        user's delegated credentials and exposing the user's delegated
+        credentials via a request attribute so applications can make use of them
+        to impersonate the current user when accessing third-party systems that
+        use a compatible authentication mechanism. Based on a patch provided by
+        Michael Osipov. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        HTTP range requests cannot be reliably served when a Writer is in use so
+        prevent the DefaultServlet from attempting to do so. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Protect the DefaultServlet from Valves, Filters and Wrappers that write
+        content to the response. Prevent partial responses to partial GET
+        requests in this case since the range cannot be reliably determined.
+        Also prevent the DefaultServlet from setting a content length header
+        since this too cannot be reliably determined. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50929">50929</a>: When wrapping an exception, include the root cause.
+        Patch provided by sebb. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50991">50991</a>: Fix regression in fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=25060">25060</a> that called
+        close on a JNDI resource while it was still available to the
+        application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide a configuration option that lets the close method to be used for
+        a JNDI Resource to be defined by the user. This change also disables
+        using the close method unless one is explicitly defined for the
+        resource and limits it to singleton resources. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly track changes to context.xml files and trigger redeployment
+        when copyXML is set to false. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50997">50997</a>: Relax the requirement that directories must have a
+        name ending in <code>.jar</code> to be treated as an expanded JAR file
+        by the default JarScanner. Based on patch by Rodion Zhitomirsky. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't append the jvmRoute to a session ID if the jvmRoute is a zero
+        length string. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't register non-singelton DataSource resources with JMX. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        CVE-2011-1184: Provide additional configuration options for the DIGEST
+        authenticator. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide a workaround for Tomcat hanging during shutdown when running the
+        unit tests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.12 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.12_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50887">50887</a>: Add support for configuring the JSSE provider used to
+        convert client certificates. Based on a patch by pknopp. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50903">50903</a>: When a connector is stopped, ensure that requests that
+        are currently in a keep-alive state and waiting for client data are not
+        processed. Requests where processing has started will continue to
+        completion. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50927">50927</a>: Improve error message when SSLCertificateFile is not
+        specified when using APR with SSL. Based on a patch provided by sebb.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50928">50928</a>: Don't ignore keyPass attribute for HTTP BIO and
+        NIO connectors. Based on a patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.12 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.12_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Securely seed the SecureRandom instance used for UUID generation and
+        report excessive creation time (greater than 100ms) at INFO level.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.12 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.12_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50924">50924</a>: Clean-up HTTP connector comparison table. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Slightly expanded the documentation of the Host element to clarify the
+        relationship between host name and DNS name. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50925">50925</a>: Update SSL how-to to take account of
+        <code>keyPass</code> connector attribute. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve Tomcat Logging documentation. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Align the authenticator documentation and MBean descriptors with the
+        implementation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent the custom error pages for the Manager and Host Manager
+        applications from being accessed directly. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50984">50984</a>: When using the Manager application ensure that
+        undeployment fails if a file cannot be deleted. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.12 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.12_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Eclipse JDT complier to 3.6.2. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update WSDL4J library to 1.6.2 (used by JSR 109 support in the extras
+        package). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update optional CheckStyle library to 5.3. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50911">50911</a>: Reduce noise generated during the build of the Windows
+        installer so warnings are more obvious. Patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Further work to reduce compiler and validation warnings across the code
+        base. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.11 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.11_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.11 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-03-11</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.11 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.11_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        CVE-2011-1088: Completed fix. Don't ignore @ServletSecurity
+        annotations. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=25060">25060</a>: Close Apache Commons DBCP datasources when the
+        associated JNDI naming context is stopped (e.g. for a non-global
+        DataSource resource on web application reload) to close remaining
+        database connections immediately rather than waiting for garbage 
+        collection. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=26701">26701</a>: Provide a mechanism for users to register their own
+        <code>URLStreamHandlerFactory</code> objects. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50855">50855</a>: Fix NPE on HttpServletRequest.logout() when debug
+        logging is enabled. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        New context attribute "swallowAbortedUploads" allows
+        to make request data swallowing configurable for requests
+        that are too large. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50854">50854</a>: Add additional permissions required by the Manager
+        application when running under a security Manager and support a shared
+        Manager installation when $CATALINA_HOME != CATALINA_BASE. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50893">50893</a>: Add additional information to the download README for
+        the extras components. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Calling <code>stop()</code> and then <code>destroy()</code> on a
+        connector incorrectly triggered an exception. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.11 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.11_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48208">48208</a>: Allow the configuration of a custom trust manager for
+        use in CLIENT-CERT authentication. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix issues that prevented asynchronous servlets from working when used
+        with the HTTP APR connector on platforms that support TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.11 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.11_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct possible threading issue in JSP compilation when development
+        mode is used. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50895">50895</a>: Don't initialize classes created during the
+        compilation stage. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.10 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.10_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.10 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-03-08</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.10 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.10_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        CVE-2011-1088: Partial fix. Don't ignore @ServletSecurity
+        annotations. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=27988">27988</a>: Improve reporting of missing files. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28852">28852</a>: Add URL encoding where missing to parameters in URLs
+        presented by Ant tasks to the Manager application. Based on a patch by
+        Stephane Bailliez. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve handling of SSL renegotiation by failing earlier when the
+        request body contains more bytes than maxSavePostSize. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve shut down speed by not renewing threads during shut down when
+        the <code>ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener</code> is enabled. (markt)  
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.10 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.10_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49284">49284</a>: Add SSL re-negotiation support to the HTTP NIO
+        connector and extend test cases to cover CLIENT-CERT authentication.
+        (fhanik/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=19444">19444</a>: Add an option to the JNDI realm to allow role searches
+        to be performed by the authenticated user. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=21669">21669</a>: Add the ability to specify the roleBase for the JNDI
+        Realm as relative to the users DN. Based on a patch by Art W. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22405">22405</a>: Add a new Lifecycle listener,
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener</code> that prevents
+        Tomcat from starting insecurely. It requires that Tomcat is not started
+        as root and that a umask at least as restrictive as 0007 is used. This
+        new listener is not enabled by default.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48863">48863</a>: Better logging when specifying an invalid directory
+        for a class loader. Based on a patch by Ralf Hauser. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48870">48870</a>: Refactor to remove use of parallel arrays. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Enhance the RemoteIpFilter and RemoteIpValve so that the modified remote
+        address, remote host, protocol and server port may be used in an access
+        log if desired. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Restore access to Environments, Resources and ResourceLinks via JMX
+        which was lost in early 7.0.x re-factoring. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove ServerLifecycleListener. This was already removed from server.xml
+        and with the Lifecycle re-factoring is no longer required. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add additional checks to ensure that sub-classes of
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase</code> correctly implement
+        the expected state transitions. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50189">50189</a>: Once the application has finished writing to the
+        response, prevent further reads from the request since this causes
+        various problems in the connectors which do not expect this. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50700">50700</a>: Ensure that the override attribute of context
+        parameters is correctly followed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50721">50721</a>: Correctly handle URL decoding where the URL ends in
+        %nn. Patch provided by Christof Marti. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50737">50737</a>: Add additional information when an invalid WAR file is
+        detected. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50748">50748</a>: Allow the content length header to be set up to the
+        point the response is committed when a writer is being used. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50751">50751</a>: When authenticating with the JNDI Realm, only attempt
+        to read user attributes from the directory if attributes are required.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50752">50752</a>: Fix typo in debug message in deprecated Embedded
+        class. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50789">50789</a>: Provide an option to enable ServletRequestListeners
+        for forwards as required by some CDI frameworks. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50793">50793</a>: When processing Servlet 3.0 async requests, ensure
+        that the requestInitialized and requestDestroyed events are only fired
+        once per request at the correct times. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50802">50802</a>: Ensure that
+        <code>ServletContext.getResourcePaths()</code> includes static resources
+        packaged in JAR files in its output. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Web crawlers can trigger the creation of many thousands of sessions as
+        they crawl a site which may result in significant memory consumption.
+        The new Crawler Session Manager Valve ensures that crawlers are
+        associated with a single session - just like normal users - regardless
+        of whether or not they provide a session token with their requests.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't attempt to start NamingResources for Contexts multiple times.
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50826">50826</a>: Avoid <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> if an
+        embedded Tomcat instance that includes at least one Context is destroyed
+        without ever being started. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure a web application is taken out of service if the web.xml file is
+        not valid. (kkolinko/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure Servlet 2.2 jspFile elements are correctly converted to use a
+        leading '/' if missing. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50836">50836</a>: Better documentation of the meaning of
+        <code>Lifecycle.isAvailable()</code> and correct a couple of cases where
+        this could incorrectly return true. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50780">50780</a>: Fix memory leak in APR implementation of AJP
+        connector introduced by the refactoring for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49884">49884</a>. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        If server configuration errors and/or faulty applications caused the
+        ulimit for open files to be reached, the acceptor threads for all
+        connectors could enter a tight loop. This loop consumed CPU and also
+        logged an error message for every iteration of the loop which lead to
+        large log files being generated. The acceptors have been enhanced to
+        better handle this situation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50720">50720</a>: Ensure that the use of non-ISO-8859-1 character sets
+        for web.xml does not trigger an error when Jasper parses the web.xml
+        file. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50726">50726</a>: Ensure that the use of the genStringAsCharArray does
+        not result in String constants that are too long for valid Java code.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50790">50790</a>: Improve method resolution in EL expressions. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50771">50771</a>: Ensure HttpServletRequest#getAuthType() returns the 
+        name of the authentication scheme if request has already been 
+        authenticated. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50713">50713</a>: Remove roles command from the Manager application.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)/Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)/Tribes"><strong>Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50667">50667</a> (<a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=1068549">r1068549</a>): Allow RPC callers to get
+        confirmation when sending a reply. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>  
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.9 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.9_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50743">50743</a>: Cache CheckStyle results between builds to speed up
+        validation. Patch provided by Oliver. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.8 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.8_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.8 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-02-05</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.8 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.8_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix NPE in CoyoteAdapter when postParseRequest() call fails. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+       <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50709">50709</a>: Make <code>ApplicationContextFacade</code> non-final to
+       enable extension. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When running under a security manager, user requests may fail with a
+        security exception. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.8 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.8_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Reduce level of log message for invalid URL parameters from WARNING to
+        INFO. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix hanging Servlet 3 asynchronous requests when using the APR based AJP
+        connector. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.8 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.8_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Align server.xml installed by the Windows installer with the one
+        bundled in zip/tar.gz files. The differences are LockOutRealm being
+        used and AccessLogValve being enabled by default. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.7_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.7_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=18462">18462</a>: Don't merge <code>stdout</code> and
+        <code>stderr</code> internally so users retain the option to treat them
+        separately. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=18797">18797</a>: Provide protection against <code>null</code> or zero
+        length names being provided for users, roles and groups in the
+        <code>MemoryRealm</code> and <code>UserDatabaseRealm</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50205">50205</a> to trigger an error earlier if invalid
+        configuration is used. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide additional control over component class loaders, primarily for
+        use when embedding. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix NPE in RemoteAddrFilter, RemoteHostFilter. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49711">49711</a>: HttpServletRequest#getParts will work in a filter
+        or servlet without an @MultipartConfig annotation or
+        MultipartConfigElement if the new "allowCasualMultipartParsing"
+        context attribute is set to "true". (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49978">49978</a>: Correct another instance where deployment incorrectly
+        failed if a directory in the work area already existed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50582">50582</a>: Refactor access logging so chunked encoding is not
+        forced for all requests if bytes sent is logged. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50597">50597</a>: Don't instantiate a new instance of a Filter if
+        an instance was provided via the
+        <code>ServletContext.addFilter(String, Filter)</code> method. Patch
+        provided by Ismael Juma. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50598">50598</a>: Correct URL for Manager text interface. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50620">50620</a>: Stop exceptions that occur during
+        <code>Session.endAccess()</code> from preventing the normal completion
+        of <code>Request.recycle()</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50629">50629</a>: Make <code>StandardContext.bindThread()</code> and
+        <code>StandardContext.unbindThread()</code> protected to allow use by
+        sub-classes. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Use getName() instead of logName() in error messages in StandardContext.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50642">50642</a>: Move the <code>sun.net.www.http.HttpClient</code>
+        keep-alive thread memory leak protection from the
+        JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener to the WebappClassLoader since the
+        thread that triggers the memory leak is created on demand. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50673">50673</a>: Improve Catalina shutdown when running as a service.
+        Do not call System.exit(). (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50683">50683</a>: Ensure annotations are scanned when
+        <code>unpackWARs</code> is set to <code>false</code> in the Host
+        where a web application is deployed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve HTTP specification compliance in support of
+        <code>Accept-Language</code> header. This protects from known exploit
+        of the Oracle JVM bug that triggers a DoS, CVE-2010-4476. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.7_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prevent possible thread exhaustion if a Comet timeout event takes a
+        while to complete. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Prvent multiple Comet END events if the CometServlet calls
+        <code>event.close()</code> during an END event. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50325">50325</a>: When the JVM indicates support for RFC 5746, disable
+        Tomcat's <code>allowUnsafeLegacyRenegotiation</code> configuration
+        attribute and use the JVM configuration to control renegotiation.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50405">50405</a>: Fix occassional NPE when using NIO connector and
+        Comet. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure correct recycling of NIO input filters when processing Comet
+        events. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50627">50627</a>: Correct interaction of NIO socket and Poller when
+        processing Comet events. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct interaction of APR socket and Poller when processing Comet
+        events. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50631">50631</a>: InternalNioInputBuffer should honor
+        <code>maxHttpHeadSize</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.7_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve special case handling of
+        <code>javax.servlet.jsp.el.ScopedAttributeELResolver</code> in
+        <code>javax.el.CompositeELResolver</code> to handle sub-classes. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15688">15688</a>: Use fully-qualified class names in generated jsp files
+        to avoid naming conflicts with user imports. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46819">46819</a>: Remove redundant object instantiations in
+        JspRuntimeLibrary. Patch provided by Anthony Whitford. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve error message when EL identifiers are not valid Java identifiers
+        and use i18n for the error message. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50680">50680</a>: Prevent an NPE when using tag files from an exploded
+        JAR file, e.g. from within an IDE. Patch provided by Larry Isaacs.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.7_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50591">50591</a>: Fix NPE in ReplicationValve. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Internationalise the log messages for the FarmWarDeployer. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50600">50600</a>: Prevent a <code>ConcurrentModificationException</code>
+        when removing a WAR file via the FarmWarDeployer. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Be consistent with locks on sessionCreationTiming,
+        sessionExpirationTiming in DeltaManager.resetStatistics(). (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50648">50648</a>: Correctly set the interrupt status if a thread using
+        <code>RpcChannel</code> is interrupted waiting for a message reply.
+        Based on a patch by Olivier Costet. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50646">50646</a>: Ensure larger Tribes messages are fully read. Patch
+        provided by Olivier Costet. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50679">50679</a>: Update the FarmWarDeployer to support parallel
+        deployment. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.7_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22278">22278</a>: Add a commented out <code>RemoteAddrValve</code> that
+        limits access to the Manager and Host Manager applications to localhost.
+        Based on a patch by Yann C&eacute;bron. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a handful of Javadoc warnings. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide additional detail about how web application version order is
+        determined when using parallel deployment. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the documentation for the recoveryCount count attribute of the
+        the default cluster membership. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50441">50441</a>: Clarify when it is valid to set the docBase attribute
+        in a Context element. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50526">50526</a>: Provide additional documetation on configuring
+        JavaMail resources. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50599">50599</a>: Use correct names of roles required to access the 
+        Manager application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.7 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.7_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Extend the Checkstyle tests to check for license headers. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Modify the build script so a release build always rebuilds the
+        dependencies to ensure that the correct Tomcat version appears in the
+        manifest. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Code clean-up to remove unused code and reduce IDE warnings. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50601">50601</a>: Code clean-up. Patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50606">50606</a>: Improve CGIServlet: Provide support for specifying
+        empty value for the <code>executable</code> init-param. Provide support
+        for explicit additional arguments for the executable. Those were
+        broken when implementing fix for bug <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49657">49657</a>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>released 2011-01-14</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)/General"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)/General"><strong>General</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.5. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8705">8705</a>: <code>org.apache.catalina.SessionListener</code> now
+        extends <code>java.util.EventListener</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10526">10526</a>: Add an option to the <code>Authenticator</code>s to
+        force the creation of a session on authentication which may offer some
+        performance benefits. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10972">10972</a>: Improve error message if the className attribute is
+        missing on an element in server.xml where it is required. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48692">48692</a>: Provide option to parse
+        <code>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code> PUT requests. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48822">48822</a>: Include context name in case of error while stopping
+        or starting a context during its reload. Patch provided by Marc 
+        Guillemot. (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48837">48837</a>: Extend thread local memory leak detection to include
+        classes loaded by subordinate class loaders to the web
+        application's class loader such as the Jasper class loader. Based
+        on a patch by Sylvain Laurent. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48973">48973</a>: Avoid creating a SESSIONS.ser file when stopping an 
+        application if there's no session. Patch provided by Marc Guillemot.
+        (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49000">49000</a>: No longer accept specification invalid name only
+        cookies by default. This behaviour can be restored using a system
+        property. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49159">49159</a>: Improve memory leak protection by renewing threads of
+        the pool when a web application is stopped. (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49372">49372</a>: Re-fix after connector re-factoring. If connector
+        initialisation fails (e.g. if a port is alreasy in use) do not trigger
+        an <code>LifecycleException</code> for an invalid state transition.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49543">49543</a>: Allow Tomcat to use shared data sources with per
+        application credentials. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49650">49650</a>: Remove unnecessary entries package.access property
+        defined in catalina.properties. Patch provided by Owen Farrell. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50106">50106</a>: Correct several MBean descriptors. Patch provided by
+        Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Further performance improvements to session ID generation. Remove legacy
+        configuration options that are no longer required. Provide additional
+        options to control the <code>SecureRandom</code> instances used to
+        generate session IDs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50201">50201</a>: Update the access log reference in
+        <code>StandardEngine</code> when the ROOT web application is redeployed,
+        started, stopped or defaultHost is changed. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50282">50282</a>: Load
+        <code>javax.security.auth.login.Configuration</code> with
+        <code>JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</code> to avoid memory leak when
+        stopping a web application that would use JAAS. (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50351">50351</a>: Fix the regression that broke BeanFactory resources
+        caused by the previous fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50159">50159</a>. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50352">50352</a>: Ensure that <code>AsyncListener.onComplete()</code> is
+        fired when <code>AsyncContext.complete()</code> is called. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50358">50358</a>: Set the correct LifecycleState when stopping instances
+        of the deprecated Embedded class. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Further Lifecycle refactoring for Connectors and associated components.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct handling of versioned web applications in deployer. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct removal of <code>LifeCycleListener</code>s from
+        <code>Container</code>s via JMX. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't use <code>null</code>s to construct log messages. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Code clean-up. Replace use of inefficient constructors with more
+        efficient alternatives. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50411">50411</a>: Ensure sessions are removed from the
+        <code>Store</code> associated with a <code>PersistentManager</code>.
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50413">50413</a>: Ensure 304 responses are not returned when using
+        static files as error pages. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50448">50448</a>: Fix possible <code>IllegalStateException</code>
+        caused by recent session management refactoring. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure aliases settings for a context are retained after a context is
+        reloaded. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Log a warning if context.xml files define values for properties  that do
+        not exist (e.g. if there is a typo in a property name). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50453">50453</a>: Correctly handle multiple <code>X-Forwarded-For</code>
+        headers in the RemoteIpFilter and RemoteIpValve. Patch provided by Jim
+        Riggs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50541">50541</a>: Add support for setting the size limit and time limit
+        for LDAP seaches when using the JNDI Realm with <code>userSearch</code>.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        All configuration options that use regular expression now require a
+        single regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) rather
+        than a list of comma-separated or semi-colon-separated expressions.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50496">50496</a>: Bytes sent in the access log are now counted after
+        compression, chunking etc rather than before. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50550">50550</a>: When a new directory is created (e.g. via WebDAV)
+        ensure that a subsequent request for that directory does not result in a
+        404 response. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50554">50554</a>: Code clean up. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50556">50556</a>: Improve JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener to prevent
+        a potential class loader leak caused by a thread spawned when the class
+        <code>com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapPoolManager</code> is initialized and the 
+        system property <code>com.sun.jndi.ldap.connect.pool.timeout</code> is 
+        set to a value greater than 0. (slaurent)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47319">47319</a>: Return the client's IP address rather than null
+        for calls to <code>getRemoteHost()</code> when the APR connector is
+        used with <code>enableLookups="true"</code> but the IP address
+        is not resolveable. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50108">50108</a>: Add get/set methods for Connector property
+        minSpareThreads. Patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50360">50360</a>:  Provide an option to control when the socket
+        associated with a connector is bound. By default, the socket is bound on
+        <code>Connector.init()</code> and released on
+        <code>Connector.destroy()</code> as per the current behaviour but this
+        can be changed so that the socket is bound on
+        <code>Connector.start()</code> and released on
+        <code>Connector.stop()</code>. This fix also includes further Lifecycle
+        refactoring for Connectors and associated components. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove a huge memory leak in the NIO connector introduced by the fix
+        for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49884">49884</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50467">50467</a>: Protected against NPE triggered by a race condition
+        that causes the NIO poller to fail, preventing the processing of further
+        requests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13731">13731</a>: Make variables in <code>_jspService()</code> method
+        final where possible. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50408">50408</a>: Fix <code>NoSuchMethodException</code> when using
+        scoped variables with EL method invocation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50460">50460</a>: Avoid a memory leak caused by using a cached exception
+        instance in <code>JspDocumentParser</code> and
+        <code>ProxyDirContext</code>. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50500">50500</a>: Use correct coercions (as per the EL spec) for
+        arithmetic operations involving string values containing '.',
+        'e' or 'E'. Based on a patch by Brian Weisleder.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50185">50185</a>: Add additional trace level logging to Tribes to assist
+        with fault diagnosis. Based on a patch by Ariel. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't try and obtain session data from the cluster if the current
+        node is the only node in the cluster. Log requesting session data as
+        INFO rather than WARNING. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50503">50503</a>: When web application has a version, Engine level 
+        Clustering works correctly. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50547">50547</a>: Add time stamp for CHANGE_SESSION_ID message and 
+        SESSION_EXPIRED message. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=21157">21157</a>: Ensure cookies are written before the response is
+        commited in the Cookie example. Patch provided by Stefan Radzom. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50294">50294</a>: Add more information to documentation regarding format
+        of configuration files. Patch provided by Luke Meyer. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly validate provided context path so sessions for the ROOT web
+        application can be viewed through the HTML Manager. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve documentation of database connection factory. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50488">50488</a>: Update classpath required when using jsvc and add a
+        note regarding server VMs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Further filtering of Manager display output. (kkolinko) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.6 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.6_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't configure Windows installer to use PID file since it is not
+        removed when the service stops which prevents the service from starting.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=14416">14416</a>: Make <code>TagLibraryInfo.getTag()</code> more robust
+        at handling <code>null</code>s. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50552">50552</a>: Avoid NPE that hides error message when using Ant
+        tasks. (schultz)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide two alternative locations for the libraries downloaded from
+        the ASF web site at build time. Use the main distribution site as
+        default and the archive one as fallback. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>beta, 2010-12-01</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)/General"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)/General"><strong>General</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update to Apache Commons Daemon 1.0.4. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3839">3839</a>: Provide a mechanism to gracefully handle the case where
+        users book-mark the form login page or otherwise misuse the FORM
+        authentication process. Based on a suggestion by Mark Morris. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49180">49180</a>: Add option to disable log rotation in 
+        juli FileHandler. Patch provided by Pid (pidster at apache). (funkman)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49991">49991</a>: Ensure servlet request listeners are fired for
+        the login and error pages during FORM authentication. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50107">50107</a>: When removing a Host via JMX, do not attempt to
+        destroy the host's pipeline twice. Patch provided by Eiji
+        Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50138">50138</a>: Fix threading issues in
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityUtil</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50157">50157</a>: Ensure MapperListener is only added to a container
+        object once. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50159">50159</a>: Add a new attribute for <code>&lt;Resource&gt;</code>
+        elements, <code>singleton</code>, that controls whether or not a new
+        object is created every time a JNDI lookup is performed to obtain the
+        resource. The default value is <code>true</code>, which will return the
+        same instance of the resource in every JNDI lookup. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50168">50168</a>: Separate the <code>Lifecycle.DESTROY_EVENT</code> into
+        <code>Lifecycle.BEFORE_DESTROY_EVENT</code> and
+        <code>Lifecycle.AFTER_DESTROY_EVENT</code>. Use the additional state to
+        ensure that <code>Context</code> objects are only destroyed once.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50169">50169</a>: Ensure that when a Container is started that it
+        doesn't try and register with the mapper unless its parent has
+        already started. Patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50222">50222</a>: Modify memory leak prevention code so it pins the
+        system class loader in memory rather than than the common class loader,
+        which is better for embedded systems. Patch provided by Christopher
+        Schultz. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve debug logging for MapperListener registration. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Expose names of LifecycleListeners and ContainerListeners for
+        StandardContext via JMX. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add a new option, <code>resourceOnlyServlets</code>, to Context elements
+        that provides a mechanism for working around the issues caused by new
+        requirements for welcome file mapping introduced in Servlet 3.0. By
+        default, the existing Tomcat 6.0.x welcome file handling is used.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make Tomcat more tolerant of <code>null</code> when generating JMX names
+        for Valves. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make AccessLogValve attribute <code>enabled</code> changeable via JMX.
+        (pero)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct infinite loop if <code>ServletRequest.startAsync(ServletRequest,
+        ServletResponse)</code> was called. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50232">50232</a>: Remove dependency between StoreBase and
+        PersistentManager and associated code clean-up. Patch provided by
+        Tiago Batista. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50252">50252</a>: Prevent ClassCastException when using a
+        &lt;ResourceLink&gt;. Patch provided by Eiji Takahashi. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Reduce synchronization in session managers to improve performance of
+        session creation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        If starting children automatically when adding them to a container (e.g.
+        when adding a Context to a Host) don't lock the parent's set
+        of children whilst the new child is being started since this can block
+        other threads and cause issues such as lost cluster messages. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Implement support for parallel deployment. This allows multiple versions
+        of the same web application to be deployed to the same context path at
+        the same time. Users without a current session will be mapped to the
+        latest version of the web application. Users with a current session will
+        continue to use the version of the web application with which the
+        session is associated until the session expires. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50308">50308</a>: Allow asynchronous request processing to call
+        <code>AsyncContext.dispatch()</code> once the asynchronous request has
+        timed out. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Make memory leak prevention code that clears ThreadLocal instances more
+        robust against objects with toString() methods that throw exceptions.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49860">49860</a>: Complete support for handling trailing headers in
+        chunked HTTP requests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Impose a limit on the length of the trailing headers. The limit
+        is configurable with a system property and is <code>8192</code>
+        by default. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50207">50207</a>: Ensure Comet timeout events are triggered. This bug
+        was a regression triggered by the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49884">49884</a>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49297">49297</a>: Enforce the rules in the JSP specification for parsing
+        the attributes of custom and standard actions that require that
+        the attribute names are unique within an element and that there is
+        whitespace before the attribute name. The whitespace test can be
+        disabled by setting the system property
+        <code>org.apache.jasper.compiler.Parser.STRICT_WHITESPACE</code> to
+        <code>false</code>. Attributes of the page directive have slightly
+        different rules. The implementation of that part of the fix is based on
+        a patch by genspring. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50105">50105</a>: When processing composite EL expressions use
+        <code>Enum.name()</code> rather than <code>Enum.toString()</code> as
+        required by the EL specification. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix minor thread-safety and performance issues in the implementation
+        of <code>maxLoadedJsps</code>. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for unloading JSPs that have not been requested for a
+        long time using the new parameter <code>jspIdleTimeout</code>. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add logging and JMX support to JSP unloading. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50192">50192</a>: Improve performance for EL when running under a
+        security manager. Based on a patch by Robert Goff. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50228">50228</a>: Improve recycling of <code>BodyContentImpl</code>.
+        This avoids keeping a cached reference to a webapp-provided Writer
+        used in JspFragment.invoke() calls. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50273">50273</a>: Provide a workaround for an HP-UX issue that can
+        result in large numbers of SEVERE log messages appearing in the logs as
+        a result of normal operation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50293">50293</a>: Increase the size of internal ELResolver array from 2 
+        to 8 since in typical usage there are at least 5 resolvers. Based on a
+        patch by Robert Goff. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for maxActiveSessions attribute to BackupManager. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve sending an access message in DeltaManager.
+        maxInactiveInterval of not Manager but the session is used. 
+        If maxInactiveInterval is negative, an access message is not sending. 
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50183">50183</a>: BIO sender was not scheduling tasks to the executor
+        during normal operation. Patch provided by Ariel. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50184">50184</a>: Add an option to the RpcChannel to enable the Channel
+        send options to be set for the reply message. Based on a patch by Ariel.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that a new Context waiting for session data from other nodes in
+        the cluster does not block the processing of clustering messages for
+        other Contexts. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49426">49426</a>: Localize messages in the Manager application based on
+        the Locale of the user rather than the default Locale of the server.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Localize messages in the Host Manager application based on the Locale of
+        the user rather than the default Locale of the server. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50242">50242</a>: Provide a sample log4j  configuration that more
+        closely matches the default JULI configuration. Patch provided by
+        Christopher Schultz. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Restore the ability to edit the contents of /WEB-INF and /META-INF via
+        WebDAV via the provision of a new configuration option,
+        allowSpecialPaths. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct broken links for on-line JavaDocs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50230">50230</a>: Add new DistributedManager interface that is
+        implemented by the Backup Manager to remove circular dependency between
+        tomcat-catalina-ha and tomcat-catalina modules. Also allows third-party
+        distributed Manager implementations to report full session information
+        through the HTML Manager. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve Tomcat Logging documentation. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50303">50303</a>: Update JNDI how-to to reflect the new JavaMail
+        download location and that JAF is now included in Java SE 6. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix ordering functionality on sessions page for the HTML Manager 
+        application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix primary sessions not always being treated as such in the HTML
+        Manager application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix message not being displayed after session attribute removal in the
+        HTML Manager application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50310">50310</a>: Fix display of Servlet information in the Manager
+        application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        CVE-2010-4172: Multiple XSS in the Manager application. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50316">50316</a>: Fix display of negative values in the Manager 
+        application. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50318">50318</a>: Avoid NPE when trying to view session detail for an
+        expired session in the Manager application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.5 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.5_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct a handful of Javadoc warnings. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22965">22965</a>: Fix some typos and formatting issues in the global
+        web.xml file. Based on a patch by Yann C&eacute;bron. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Extend Checkstyle validation checks to check for unused imports. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        General code clean-up to reduce (not eliminate) the number of warnings
+        reported by IDEs. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50140">50140</a>: Don't ignore a user specified installation
+        directory when performing a silent install with the Windows installer on
+        64-bit platforms. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Reimplemented Windows installer dialogs, using modern libraries
+        (nsDialogs, MUI2). (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        When installing with the Windows installer on 64-bit platforms, allow
+        the user to select either a 32-bit JDK or a 64-bit JDK. If a 32-bit JDK
+        is selected, the 32-bit service wrapper and the 32-bit native DLL will
+        be installed. If a 64-bit JDK is selected, the 64-bit service wrapper
+        and the 64-bit native DLL will be installed. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Create Windows shortcuts for the Manager and Host Manager webapps.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Support /? command line option in the Windows Installer. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Display and allow to change roles for the Tomcat admin user in the
+        Windows installer. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        In the Windows installer: do not leave stale <code>server.xml</code>
+        and <code>tomcat-users.xml</code> fragments in the $TEMP folder.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49819">49819</a>: Redesign of home page by Pid (pidster at apache).
+        (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.4 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.4_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.4 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>beta, 2010-10-21</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.4 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.4_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49428">49428</a>: Re-implement the fix for bug <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49428">49428</a> &ndash;
+        namespace issues for some Microsoft WebDAV clients. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49669">49669</a>: Fix memory leak triggered by using the deprecated
+        javax.security.auth.Policy class. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49922">49922</a>: Don't add filter twice to filter chain if the
+        filter matches more than one URL pattern and/or Servlet name. Patch
+        provided by heyoulin. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49937">49937</a>: Use an InstanceManager when creating an AsyncListener
+        through the AsyncContext to ensure annotations are processed. Based on a
+        patch by David Jencks. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        To avoid NoSuchMethodException, xmlValidation and xmlNamespaceAware are 
+        removed from the createStandardHost definition 
+        of mbeans-descriptors.xml. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49945">49945</a>: Continue improvements to JMX. Fix a handful of
+        attributes that were showing as Unavailable in JConsole. Patch provided
+        by Chamith Buddhika. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49952">49952</a>: Allow ServletContainerInitializers to add listeners to
+        a web application. Patch provided by David Jencks. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49956">49956</a>: Handle case when @Resource annotation uses the full
+        JNDI name for a resource. Based on a patch by Gurkan Erdogdu. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49557">49557</a>: Correct regression due to Lifecycle refactoring that
+        cleared all work directories (with compiled JSPs and persisted sessions)
+        when Tomcat was stopped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49978">49978</a>: Correctly handle the case when a directory expected
+        to be created during web application start is already present. Rather
+        than throwing an exception and failing to start, allow the web
+        application to start normally. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49987">49987</a>: Fix thread safety issue with population of servlet
+        context initialization parameters. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49994">49994</a>: As per the Java EE 6 specification, return a new
+        object instance for each JNDI look up of a resource reference. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50015">50015</a>: Re-factor dynamic servlet security implementation to
+        make extensions, such as JACC implementations, simpler. Patch provided
+        by David Jencks. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50016">50016</a>: Re-factor <code>isUserInRole()</code> and
+        <code>login()/logout()</code> methods to support JACC implementations
+        and to improve encapsulation. Patch provided by David Jencks. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50017">50017</a>: Code clean-up. No functional change. Patch provided by
+        sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50027">50027</a>: Avoid NPE on start when a Context is defined in
+        server.xml with one or more JNDI resources. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50059">50059</a>: JARs should always be searched for static resources
+        even if the web application is marked as meta-data complete. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50063">50063</a>: Correct regression in fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50059">50059</a> that
+        causes applications marked as meta-data complete to return 404s for all
+        requests. Patch provided by heyoulin. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50087">50087</a>: Catch ClassFormatErrors when scanning for annotations.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.4 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.4_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49923">49923</a>: Avoid using negative timeouts during acceptor unlock
+        to ensure APR connector shuts down properly. (mturk) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49972">49972</a>: Fix potential thread safe issue when formatting dates
+        for use in HTTP headers. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50003">50003</a>: Set not maxThreads but minSpareThreads to
+        corePoolSize, if AbstractEndpoint.setMinSpareThreads is called.
+        (kfujino) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50044">50044</a>: Fix issue when using comet where socket remained in
+        long poll after the comet request has ended. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50054">50054</a>: Correctly handle the setting of minSpareThreads in 
+        AJP connector. (kfujino) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50072">50072</a>: Fix issues when using a non-blocking read for the
+        request line with the NIO connector that could result in the request
+        line being mis-read. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.4 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.4_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49986">49986</a>: Fix thread safety issue for JSP reload. (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49998">49998</a>: Make jsp:root detection work with single quoted
+        attributes as well. (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correctly handle the setting of primitive bean values via expression
+        language. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Don't swallow exceptions when processing TLD files and handle the
+        case when there is no web.xml file. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50066">50066</a>: Fix building of recursive tag files when the file
+        depends on a JAR file. Patch provided by Sylvain Laurent. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50078">50078</a>: Fix threading problem in EL caches. Patch provided by
+        Takayoshi Kimura. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Make EL cache sizes configurable. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.4 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.4_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Apply filters to default home page so copyright year is correctly
+        displayed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.4 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.4_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48716">48716</a>: Do not call reset if the default LogManager is in use.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50013">50013</a>: Correctly package classes from
+        <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.file</code> and add the tomcat-util.jar to
+        the class path for the Ant tasks. Based on a patch provided by
+        Sylvain Laurent. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48644">48644</a>: Review all instances of catching Throwable and
+        re-throw where appropriate. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow glob patterns in the <code>jarsToSkip</code> configuration and add
+        some debug logging to the jar scanner. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48738">48738</a>: Workaround a couple of long standing JDK bugs to
+        enable GZIP compressed output streams to be flushed. Based on a patch
+        provided by Jiong Wang. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48967">48967</a>: Replace strings "catalina.base" and "catalina.home"
+        by globally defined constants. Patch provided by Marc Guillemot. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49195">49195</a>: Don't report an error when shutting down a Windows
+        service for a Tomcat instance that has a disabled shutdown port. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49209">49209</a>: Prevent possible AccessControlException during
+        undeployment when running with a security manager. Patch provided by
+        Sylvain Laurent. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49657">49657</a>: Handle CGI executables with spaces in the path.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49667">49667</a>: Ensure that using the JDBC driver memory leak
+        prevention code does not cause a one of the memory leaks it is meant to
+        avoid. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49670">49670</a>: Restore SSO functionality that was broken by Lifecycle
+        refactoring. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49698">49698</a>: Allow a listener to complete an asynchronous request
+        if it times out. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49714">49714</a>: The annotation process of Jar doesn't influence
+        distributable element of web.xml. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49721">49721</a>: Alls JAR in a web application should be searched for
+        resources, not just those with a web-fragment.xml that is going to be
+        processed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49728">49728</a>: Improve PID file handling when another process is
+        managing the PID file and Tomcat does not have write access. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49730">49730</a>: Fix a race condition in StandardThreadExector that can
+        cause requests to experience large delays. Patch provided by Sylvain
+        Laurent. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49749">49749</a>: Single sign on cookies should have httpOnly flag set
+        using same rules as session cookies. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49750">49750</a>: Align <code>WebappClassLoader.validate()</code>
+        implementation with Javadoc and ensure that <code>javax.servlet.*</code>
+        classes can not be loaded by a <code>WebappClassLoader</code> instance.
+        Patch provided by pid. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49757">49757</a>: Correct some generics warnings. Based on a patch
+        provided by G&aacute;bor. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49779">49779</a>: Improve handling of POST requests and FORM
+        authentication, particularly when the user agent responds to the 302
+        response by repeating the POST request including a request body. Any
+        request body provided at this point is now swallowed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        CSRF prevention filter did not correctly handle URLs that used anchors.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix memory leak on web application stopped caused by failed to
+        de-register the web application's Servlets with the MBean server.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        More tweaks to the Lifecycle refactoring to ensure that when a component
+        is being destroyed, the destroy method is only called once on each
+        child component. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Keep the MBean names for web applications consistent between Tomcat 6
+        and Tomcat 7. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49856">49856</a>: Add an executorName attribute to Connectors so it is
+        possible to trace ThreadPool to Connector to Executor via the JMX
+        interface. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49865">49865</a>: Tomcat failed to start if catalina.properties was not
+        present. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49876">49876</a>: Fix the generics warnings in the copied Apache Jakarta
+        BCEL code. Based on a patch by G&aacute;bor. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49883">49883</a>: Ensure that the CombinedRealm and LockOutRealm return
+        a name for use in log messages rather than throwing an
+        <code>UnsupportedOperationException</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49884">49884</a>: Fix occassional NullPointerException on async
+        complete(). This resulted in a major refactoring of the async
+        implementation to address a number of threading issues. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the version numbers in ServerInfo defaults to Tomcat 7.0.x.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49892">49892</a>: Correct JNDI name for method resource injections.
+        Based on a patch by Gurkan Erdogdu. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Ensure that Context elements defined in server.xml use any configClass
+        setting specified in the parent Host element. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        GSOC 2010. Enable the creation of Services, Engines, Connectors, Hosts
+        and Contexts via JMX from a minimal server.xml that contains only a
+        Server element. Based on a patch by Chamith Buddhika. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49909">49909</a>: Fix a regression introduced with the fix for
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47950">47950</a> that prevented JSTL classes being loaded. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49915">49915</a>: Make error more obvious, particularly when accessed
+        via JConsole, if StandardServer.storeConfig() is called when there is
+        no StoreConfig implementation present. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50018">50018</a>: Fix some minor Javadoc errors in Jasper source.
+        Based on a patch by sebb. (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50021">50021</a>: Correct a regression in the fix for <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46844">46844</a>
+        that may have caused additional problems during a failure at start up.
+        (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50026">50026</a>: Prevent serving of resources from WEB-INF and
+        META-INF directories when DefaultServlet or WebdavServlet is mapped
+        to a sub-path of the context. This changes DefaultServlet to always
+        serve resources with paths relative to the root of the context
+        regardless of where it is mapped, which is a breaking change for
+        current servlet-mappings that map the default servlet to a subpath.
+        (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50689">50689</a>: Provide 100 Continue responses at appropriate points
+        during FORM authentication if client indicates that they are expected.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Wait for the connectors to exit before closing them down. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Follow up to <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48545">48545</a>. Make JSSE connectors more tolerant of a
+        incorrect trust store password. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix some edge cases in the NIO connector when handling requests that are
+        not received all at the same time and the socket needs to be returned to
+        the poller. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Further work to reduce the code duplication in the HTTP connectors.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make sure acceptor threads are stopped when the connector is stopped.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Make sure async timeout thread is stopped when the connector is stopped.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49625">49625</a>: Ensure Vary header is set if response may be
+        compressed rather than only setting it if it is compressed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49802">49802</a>: Re-factor connector pause, stop and destroy methods so
+        that calling any of those methods has the expected results. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Various refactorings to reduce code duplication and unnecessary code in
+        the connectors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49860">49860</a>: Add partial support for trailing headers in chunked
+        HTTP requests. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49665">49665</a>: Provide better information including JSP file name and
+        location when a missing file is detected during TLD handling. Patch
+        provided by Ted Leung. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49726">49726</a>: Specifying a default content type via a JSP property
+        group should not prevent a page from setting some other content type.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49799">49799</a>: The new <code>omit</code> attribute for
+        <code>jsp:attribute</code> elements now supports the use of expressions
+        and expression language. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49916">49916</a>: Switch to using an initialisation parameter to pass
+        JSP file information from Catalina to Jasper. This simplifies the
+        Catalina code as well as making it easier for Geronimo and others to
+        integrate Jasper. Patch provided by David Jencks. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49985">49985</a>: Fix thread safety issue in EL parser. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove domainReplication attribute from ClusterManager.
+        If you send session to only same domain, use DomainFilterInterceptor.
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add Null check when CHANGE_SESSION_ID message received. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for LAST_ACCESS_AT_START system property to DeltaSession.
+        (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid a NPE in the DeltaManager when a parallel request invalidates the
+        session before the current request has a chance to send the replication
+        message. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49905">49905</a>: Prevent memory leak when using asynchronous session
+        replication. (markt) 
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49924">49924</a>: When non-primary node changes into a primary node,
+        make sure isPrimarySession is changed to true. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the class name of the default JAR scanner in the documentation
+        web application. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49585">49585</a>: Update JSVC documentation to reflect new packaging
+        of Commons Daemon. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the Servlet, JSP and EL Javadoc links to link to the
+        specifications and the relevant part of the Java EE 6 Javadoc. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Update a few places in the docs where the Manager documentation referred
+        to the old role name of manager rather than than the new manager-script.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)/Extras"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)/Extras"><strong>Extras</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49861">49861</a>: Don't log RMI ports formatted with commas for the
+        JMX remote listener. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.3 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.3_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the user names created by the Windows installer for the Manager
+        and Host Manager applications. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct the Eclipse compiler dependency in the Jasper POM. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Extend Checkstyle validation checks to check import order. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49758">49758</a>: Fix generics warnings exposed by a fix in Eclipse 3.6.
+        Patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Apache Commons Pool to 1.5.5. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49955">49955</a>: Improvement and correction of Building Tomcat guide.
+        Based on a patch from Wesley Acheson. (timw)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.2 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.2_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.2 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>beta, 2010-08-11</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.2 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.2_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Fix regression that prevented running with a security manager enabled.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.2 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.2_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct Javadoc errors. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide Javadoc for Servlet 3.0 API, JSP 2.2 API and EL 2.2 API.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove second copy of RUNNING.txt from the full-docs distribution. Some
+        unpacking utilities can't handle multiple copies of a file with the same
+        name in a directory. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.2 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.2_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Extend Checkstyle validation checks to check for tabs in nearly all text
+        files. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Apache Commons Daemon from 1.0.2 to 1.0.3. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Eclipse JDT Core Batch Compiler (ecj.jar) from 3.5.1 to 3.6.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.1 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.1_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.1 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>not released</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.1 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.1_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        GSOC 2010. Continue work to align MBean descriptors with reality. Patch
+        provided by Chamith Buddhika. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When running under a security manager, enforce package access and
+        package definition restrictions defined in the catalina.properties file.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        When using a Loader configured with
+        <code>searchExternalFirst="true"</code> failure to find the
+        class in an external repository should not prevent searching of the
+        local repositories. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add entryPoint support to the CSRF prevention filter. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48297">48297</a>: Correctly initialise handler chain for web services
+        resources. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48960">48960</a>: Add a new option to the SSI Servlet and SSI Filter to
+        allow the disabling of the <code>exec</code> command. This is now
+        disabled by default. Based on a patch by Yair Lenga. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48998">48998</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49617">49617</a>: Add the ExpiresFilter, a port of the
+        httpd mod_expires module. Patch provided by Cyrille Le Clerc. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49030">49030</a>: When initializing/starting/stopping connectors and
+        one of them fails, do not ignore the others. (markt/kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49128">49128</a>: Don't swallow exceptions unnecessarily in
+        <code>WebappClassLoader.start()</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49182">49182</a>: Align comments in setclasspath.[sh|bat] with
+        behaviour. Based on a patch provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49230">49230</a>: Enhance JRE leak prevention listener with protection
+        for the keep-alive thread started by
+        <code>sun.net.www.http.HttpClient</code>. Based on a patch provided by
+        Rob Kooper. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49414">49414</a>: When reporting threads that may have triggered a
+        memory leak on web application stop, attempt to differentiate between
+        request processing threads and threads started by the application.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49428">49428</a>: Add a work-around for the known namespace issues for
+        some Microsoft WebDAV clients. Patch provided by Panagiotis Astithas.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for <code>*.jar</code> pattern in VirtualWebappLoader.
+        (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Use a LockOutRealm in the default configuration to prevent attempts to
+        guess user passwords by brute-force. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49478">49478</a>: Add support for user specified character sets to the
+        <code>AddDefaultCharsetFilter</code>. Based on a patch by Felix
+        Schumacher. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49503">49503</a>: Make sure connectors bind to their associated ports
+        sufficiently early to allow jsvc and the
+        org.apache.catalina.startup.EXIT_ON_INIT_FAILURE system property to
+        operate correctly. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49525">49525</a>: Ensure cookies for the ROOT context have a path of /
+        rather than an empty string. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49528">49528</a>, <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49567">49567</a>: Ensure that
+        <code>AsyncContext.isAsyncStarted()</code> returns the correct value
+        after <code>AsyncContext.start()</code> and that if
+        <code>AsyncContext.complete()</code> is called on a separate thread that
+        it is handled correctly. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49530">49530</a>: Contexts and Servlets not stopped when Tomcat is shut
+        down. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49536">49536</a>: If no ROOT context is deployed, ensure a 404 rather
+        than a 200 is returned for requests that don't map to any other context.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Additional debug logging in StandardContext to provide information on
+        Manager selection. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49550">49550</a>: Supress deprecation warning where deprecated code is
+        required to be used. No functional change. Patch provided by Sebb.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49551">49551</a>: Allow default context.xml location to be specified
+        using an absolute path. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve logging of unhandled exceptions in servlets by including the
+        path of the context where the error occurred. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Include session ID in error message logged when trying to set an
+        attribute on an invalid session. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve the CSRF protection filter by using SecureRandom rather than
+        Random to generate nonces. Also make the implementation class used user
+        configurable. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Avoid NullPointerException, when copyXML=true and META-INF/context.xml
+        does not exist. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49598">49598</a>: When session is changed and the session cookie is
+        replaced, ensure that the new Set-Cookie header overwrites the old
+        Set-Cookie header. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Create a thread to trigger asynchronous timeouts when using the BIO
+        connector, change the default timeout to 10s (was infinite) and make the
+        default timeout configurable using the <code>asyncTimeout</code>
+        attribute on the connector. (pero/markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49600">49600</a>: Make exceptions returned by the
+        <code>ProxyDirContext</code> consistent for resources that weren't found
+        by checking the <code>DirContext</code> or the cache. Test case based on
+        a patch provided by Marc Guillemot. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49613">49613</a>: Improve performance when using SSL for applications
+        that make multiple class to <code>Request.getAttributeNames()</code>.
+        Patch provided by Sampo Savolainen. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Handle the edge cases where resources packaged in JARs have names that
+        start with a single quote character or a double quote character. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct copy and paste typo in web.xml parsing rules that mixed up
+        <code>local-ejb-ref</code> and <code>resource-env-ref</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Refactor session managers to remove unused code and to reduce code
+        duplication. Also, all session managers used for session replication now
+        extend <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterManagerBase</code>.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.1 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.1_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Remove references to Jikes since it does not support Java 6. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct over zealous type checking for EL in attributes that broke the
+        use of JSF converters. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Correct algorithm used to identify correct method to use when a
+        MethodExpressions is used in EL. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49217">49217</a>: Ensure that identifiers used in EL meet the
+        requirements of the Java Language Specification. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve logging of JSP exceptions by including JSP snippet (if enabled)
+        rather than just the root cause in the host log. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49555">49555</a>: Correctly handled Tag Libraries where functions are
+        defined in static inner classes. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.1 (markt)/Cluster"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.1_(markt)/Cluster"><strong>Cluster</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49127">49127</a>: Don't swallow exceptions unnecessarily in
+        <code>SimpleTcpReplicationManager.startInternal()</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49407">49407</a>: Change the BackupManager so it is consistent with
+        DeltaManager and reports both primary and backup sessions when active
+        sessions are requested. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49445">49445</a>: When session ID is changed after authentication,
+        ensure the DeltaManager replicates the change in ID to the other nodes
+        in the cluster. (kfujino)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.1 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.1_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49112">49112</a>: Update the ROOT web application's index page. Patch
+        provided by pid. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49213">49213</a>: Add the permissions necessary to enable the Manager
+        application to operate currently when running with a security manager.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49436">49436</a>: Correct documented default for readonly attribute of
+        the UserDatabase component. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49475">49475</a>: Use new role name for manager application access on
+        the ROOT web application's index page. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49476">49476</a>: CSRF protection was preventing access to the session
+        expiration features. Also switch the manager application to the generic
+        CSRF protection filter. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Better handle failure to create directories required for new hosts in
+        the Host Manager application. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Switch the Host Manager application to the generic CSRF protection for
+        the HTML interface and prevent started hosts from being started and
+        stopped hosts from being stopped. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49518">49518</a>: Fix typo in extras documentation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49522">49522</a>: Fix regression due to change of name for MBeans for
+        naming resources that broke the complete server status page in the
+        manager application. Note these MBeans now have a new name. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49570">49570</a>: When using the example compression filter, set the
+        Vary header on compressed responses. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add redirects for the root of the manager and host-manager web
+        applications that redirect users to the html interface rather than
+        returning a 404. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide the HTML Manager application with the ability to differentiate
+        between primary, backup and proxy sessions. Note that proxy sessions are
+        only shown if enabled in web.xml. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.1 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.1_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49130">49130</a>: Better describe the core package in the Windows
+        installer, making it clear that the service will be installed. Patch
+        provided by sebb. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Re-factor unit tests to enable them to be run once with each of the HTTP
+        connector implementations (BIO, NIO and APR/native). (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49268">49268</a>: Add the necessary plumbing to include CheckStyle in
+        the build process. Start with no checks. Additional checks will be
+        added as they are agreed. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Updated to Ant 1.8.1. The build now requires a minimum of Ant 1.8.x.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the re-packaged version of commons-fileupload from 1.2.1 to
+        1.2.2. The layout of re-packaged version was also restored to the
+        original commons-fileupload layout to make merging of future updates
+        easier. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update the re-packaged version of Jakarta BCEL from trunk revision
+        880760 to trunk revision 978831. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.0_(markt)"><strong>Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)</strong></a></font></td><td align="right" bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><strong>beta, 2010-06-29</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)/Catalina"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.0_(markt)/Catalina"><strong>Catalina</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update Servlet support to the Servlet 3.0 specification. (all)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Improve and document VirtualWebappLoader. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=43642">43642</a>: Add prestartminSpareThreads attribute for Executor.
+        (jfclere)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Switch from AnnotationProcessor to InstanceManager. Patch provided by
+        David Jecks with modifications by Remy. (remm/fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=620845">r620845</a> and <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=669119">r669119</a>. Make shutdown address
+        configurable. (jfclere)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=651977">r651977</a> Add some missing control checks to
+        <code>ThreadWithAttributes</code>. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=677640">r677640</a> Add a startup class that does not require any
+        configuration files. (costin)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=700532">r700532</a> Log if temporary file operations within the CGI
+        servlet fail. Make sure header Reader is closed on failure. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=708541">r708541</a> Delete references to DefaultContext which was removed
+        in 6.0.x. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=709018">r709018</a> Initial implementation of an asynchronous file handler
+        for JULI. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Give session thisAccessedTime and lastAccessedTime clear semantics.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Expose thisAccessedTime via Session interface. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide a log format for JULI that provides the same information as the
+        default but on a single line. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=723889">r723889</a> Provide the ability to configure the Executor job
+        queue size and a timeout for adding jobs to the queue. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for aliases to StandardContext. This allows content from
+        other directories and/or WAR files to be mapped to paths within the
+        context. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Provide clearer definition of Lifecycle interface, particularly start
+        and stop, and align components that implement Lifecycle with this
+        definition. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48662">48662</a>: Provide a new option to control the copying of context
+        XML descriptors from web applications to the host's xmlBase. Copying of
+        XML descriptors is now disabled by default. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Move comet classes from the org.apache.catalina package to the
+        org.apache.catalina.comet package to allow comet to work under a
+        security manager. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)/Coyote"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.0_(markt)/Coyote"><strong>Coyote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Port SSLInsecureRenegotiation from mod_ssl. This requires
+        to use tomcat-native 1.2.21 that have option to detect this
+        support from OpenSSL library. (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Allow bigger AJP packets also for request bodies and responses
+        using the packetSize attribute of the Connector. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td><a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=703017">r703017</a> Make Java socket options consistent between NIO
+        and JIO connector. Expose all the socket options available on
+        <code>java.net.Socket</code> (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46051">46051</a>: The writer returned by <code>getWriter()</code> now
+        conforms to the <code>PrintWriter</code> specification and uses platform
+        dependent line endings rather than always using <code>\r\n</code>.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Use tc-native 1.2.x which is based on APR 1.3.3+ (mturk)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=724239">r724239</a> NIO connector now always uses an Executor. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=724393">r724393</a> Implement keepAliveCount for NIO connector in a thread
+        safe manner. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=724849">r724849</a> Implement keep alive timeout for NIO connector.
+        (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)/Jasper"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.0_(markt)/Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update JSP support to the JSP 2.2 specification. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Update EL support to the EL 2.2 specification. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=787978">r787978</a> Use "1.6" as the default value for compilerSourceVM
+        and compilerTargetVM options of Jasper. (kkolinko)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48358">48358</a>: Add support for limiting the number of JSPs that are
+        loaded at any one time. Based on a patch by Isabel Drost. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48689">48689</a>: Access TLD files through a new JarResource interface
+        to make extending Jasper simpler, particularly in OSGi environments.
+        Patch provided by Jarek Gawor. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="High Availability"><!--()--></a><a name="High_Availability"><strong>High Availability</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add support for UDP and secure communication to tribes. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add versioning to the tribes communication protocol to support future
+        developments. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Add a demo on how to use the payload. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        Started to add JMX support to the cluster implementation. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=609778">r609778</a> Minor fixes to the throughput interceptor and the
+        NIO receiver. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=630234">r630234</a> Additional checks for the NIO receiver. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=671650">r671650</a> Improve error message when multicast is not enabled.
+        (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)/Web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.0_(markt)/Web_applications"><strong>Web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+     <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=rev&amp;rev=631321">r631321</a> Update changelog to support the &lt;rev&gt; element
+        in the documentation. (fhanik)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        A number of additional roles were added to the Manager and Host Manager
+        applications to separate out permissions for the HTML interface, the
+        text interface and the JMX proxy. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        CSRF protection was added to the Manager and Host Manager applications.
+        (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        List array elements in the JMX proxy output of the Manager application.
+        (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)/Extras"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.0_(markt)/Extras"><strong>Extras</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="add" class="icon" src="./images/add.gif"></td><td>
+        A new JmxRemoteLifecycleListener that can be used to fix the ports used
+        for remote JMX connections, eg when using JConsole. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat 7.0.0 (markt)/Other"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_7.0.0_(markt)/Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        Numerous code clean-up changes including the use of generics and
+        removing unused imports, fields, parameters and methods. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="fix" class="icon" src="./images/fix.gif"></td><td>
+        All deprecated internal code has been removed. <b>Warning:</b> If you
+        have custom components for a previous Tomcat version that extend
+        internal Tomcat classes and override deprecated methods it is highly
+        likely that they will no longer work. (markt)
+      </td></tr>
+      <tr><td><img alt="update" class="icon" src="./images/update.gif"></td><td>
+        Parameterize version number throughout build scripts and source. (rjung)
+      </td></tr>
+    </table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Class Loader HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
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+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Class Loader HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Class_Loader_Definitions">Class Loader Definitions</a></li><li><a href="#XML_Parsers_and_Java">XML Parsers and Java</a></li><li><a href="#Running_under_a_security_manager">Running under a security manager</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Like many server applications, Tomcat installs a variety of class loaders
+(that is, classes that implement <code>java.lang.ClassLoader</code>) to allow
+different portions of the container, and the web applications running on the
+container, to have access to different repositories of available classes and
+resources.  This mechanism is used to provide the functionality defined in the
+Servlet Specification, version 2.4&nbsp;&mdash; in particular, Sections 9.4
+and 9.6.</p>
+
+<p>In a Java environment, class loaders are
+arranged in a parent-child tree.  Normally, when a class loader is asked to
+load a particular class or resource, it delegates the request to a parent
+class loader first, and then looks in its own repositories only if the parent
+class loader(s) cannot find the requested class or resource.  Note, that the
+model for web application class loaders <em>differs</em> slightly from this,
+as discussed below, but the main principles are the same.</p>
+
+<p>When Tomcat is started, it creates a set of class loaders that are
+organized into the following parent-child relationships, where the parent
+class loader is above the child class loader:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+      Bootstrap
+          |
+       System
+          |
+       Common
+       /     \
+  Webapp1   Webapp2 ...
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>The characteristics of each of these class loaders, including the source
+of classes and resources that they make visible, are discussed in detail in
+the following section.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Class Loader Definitions"><!--()--></a><a name="Class_Loader_Definitions"><strong>Class Loader Definitions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>As indicated in the diagram above, Tomcat creates the following class
+loaders as it is initialized:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><p><strong>Bootstrap</strong> &mdash; This class loader contains the basic
+    runtime classes provided by the Java Virtual Machine, plus any classes from
+    JAR files present in the System Extensions directory
+    (<code>$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext</code>).  <em>Note</em>: some JVMs may
+    implement this as more than one class loader, or it may not be visible
+    (as a class loader) at all.</p></li>
+<li><p><strong>System</strong> &mdash; This class loader is normally initialized
+    from the contents of the <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable.  All
+    such classes are visible to both Tomcat internal classes, and to web
+    applications.  However, the standard Tomcat startup scripts
+    (<code>$CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh</code> or
+    <code>%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat</code>) totally ignore the contents
+    of the <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable itself, and instead
+    build the System class loader from the following repositories:
+    </p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><p><em>$CATALINA_HOME/bin/bootstrap.jar</em> &mdash; Contains the
+        main() method that is used to initialize the Tomcat server, and the
+        class loader implementation classes it depends on.</p></li>
+    <li><p><em>$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat-juli.jar</em> or
+        <em>$CATALINA_HOME/bin/tomcat-juli.jar</em> &mdash; Logging
+        implementation classes. These include enhancement classes to
+        <code>java.util.logging</code> API, known as Tomcat JULI,
+        and a package-renamed copy of Apache Commons Logging library
+        used internally by Tomcat.
+        See <a href="logging.html">logging documentation</a> for more
+        details.</p>
+        <p>If <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> is present in
+        <em>$CATALINA_BASE/bin</em>, it is used instead of the one in
+        <em>$CATALINA_HOME/bin</em>. It is useful in certain logging
+        configurations</p></li>
+    <li><p><em>$CATALINA_HOME/bin/commons-daemon.jar</em> &mdash; The classes
+        from <a href="http://commons.apache.org/daemon/">Apache Commons
+        Daemon</a> project.
+        This JAR file is not present in the <code>CLASSPATH</code> built by
+        <code>catalina.bat</code>|<code>.sh</code> scripts, but is referenced
+        from the manifest file of <em>bootstrap.jar</em>.</p></li>
+    </ul>
+    </li>
+<li><p><strong>Common</strong> &mdash; This class loader contains additional
+    classes that are made visible to both Tomcat internal classes and to all
+    web applications.</p>
+    <p>Normally, application classes should <strong>NOT</strong>
+    be placed here.  The locations searched by this class loader are defined by
+    the <code>common.loader</code> property in
+    $CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties. The default setting will search the
+    following locations in the order they are listed:</p>
+    <ul>
+      <li>unpacked classes and resources in <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code></li>
+      <li>JAR files in <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code></li>
+      <li>unpacked classes and resources in <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code></li>
+      <li>JAR files in <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code></li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>By default, this includes the following:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><em>annotations-api.jar</em> &mdash; JavaEE annotations classes.</li>
+    <li><em>catalina.jar</em> &mdash; Implementation of the Catalina servlet
+        container portion of Tomcat.</li>
+    <li><em>catalina-ant.jar</em> &mdash; Tomcat Catalina Ant tasks.</li>
+    <li><em>catalina-ha.jar</em> &mdash; High availability package.</li>
+    <li><em>catalina-tribes.jar</em> &mdash; Group communication package.</li>
+    <li><em>ecj-*.jar</em> &mdash; Eclipse JDT Java compiler.</li>
+    <li><em>el-api.jar</em> &mdash; EL 2.2 API.</li>
+    <li><em>jasper.jar</em> &mdash; Tomcat Jasper JSP Compiler and Runtime.</li>
+    <li><em>jasper-el.jar</em> &mdash; Tomcat Jasper EL implementation.</li>
+    <li><em>jsp-api.jar</em> &mdash; JSP 2.2 API.</li>
+    <li><em>servlet-api.jar</em> &mdash; Servlet 3.0 API.</li>
+    <li><em>tomcat-api.jar</em> &mdash; Several interfaces defined by Tomcat.</li>
+    <li><em>tomcat-coyote.jar</em> &mdash; Tomcat connectors and utility classes.</li>
+    <li><em>tomcat-dbcp.jar</em> &mdash; Database connection pool
+        implementation based on package-renamed copy of Apache Commons Pool
+        and Apache Commons DBCP.</li>
+    <li><em>tomcat-i18n-**.jar</em> &mdash; Optional JARs containing resource bundles
+        for other languages. As default bundles are also included in each
+        individual JAR, they can be safely removed if no internationalization
+        of messages is needed.</li>
+    <li><em>tomcat-jdbc.jar</em> &mdash; An alternative database connection pool
+        implementation, known as Tomcat JDBC pool. See
+        <a href="jdbc-pool.html">documentation</a> for more details.</li>
+    <li><em>tomcat-util.jar</em> &mdash; Common classes used by various components of
+        Apache Tomcat.</li>
+    </ul></li>
+<li><p><strong>WebappX</strong> &mdash; A class loader is created for each web
+    application that is deployed in a single Tomcat instance.  All unpacked
+    classes and resources in the <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> directory of
+    your web application, plus classes and resources in JAR files
+    under the <code>/WEB-INF/lib</code> directory of your web application,
+    are made visible to this web application, but not to other ones.</p></li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>As mentioned above, the web application class loader diverges from the
+default Java delegation model (in accordance with the recommendations in the
+Servlet Specification, version 2.4, section 9.7.2 Web Application Classloader).
+When a request to load a
+class from the web application's <em>WebappX</em> class loader is processed,
+this class loader will look in the local repositories <strong>first</strong>,
+instead of delegating before looking.  There are exceptions. Classes which are
+part of the JRE base classes cannot be overridden. For some classes (such as
+the XML parser components in J2SE 1.4+), the J2SE 1.4 endorsed feature can be
+used.
+Last, any JAR file that contains Servlet API classes will be explicitly
+ignored by the classloader &mdash; Do not include such JARs in your web
+application.
+All other class loaders in Tomcat follow the usual delegation pattern.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, from the perspective of a web application, class or resource
+loading looks in the following repositories, in this order:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Bootstrap classes of your JVM</li>
+<li>System class loader classes (described above)</li>
+<li><em>/WEB-INF/classes</em> of your web application</li>
+<li><em>/WEB-INF/lib/*.jar</em> of your web application</li>
+<li>Common class loader classes (described above)</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="XML Parsers and Java"><!--()--></a><a name="XML_Parsers_and_Java"><strong>XML Parsers and Java</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Starting with Java 1.4 a copy of JAXP APIs and an XML parser are packed
+inside the JRE.  This has impacts on applications that wish to use their own
+XML parser.</p>
+
+<p>In old versions of Tomcat, you could simply replace the XML parser
+in the Tomcat libraries directory to change the parser
+used by all web applications.  However, this technique will not be effective
+when you are running modern versions of Java, because the usual class loader
+delegation process will always choose the implementation inside the JDK in
+preference to this one.</p>
+
+<p>Java supports a mechanism called the "Endorsed Standards Override
+Mechanism" to allow replacement of APIs created outside of the JCP
+(i.e. DOM and SAX from W3C).  It can also be used to update the XML parser
+implementation.  For more information, see:
+<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/standards/index.html">
+http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/standards/index.html</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Tomcat utilizes this mechanism by including the system property setting
+<code>-Djava.endorsed.dirs=$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS</code> in the
+command line that starts the container. The default value of this option is
+<em>$CATALINA_HOME/endorsed</em>. This <em>endorsed</em> directory is not
+created by default.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Running under a security manager"><!--()--></a><a name="Running_under_a_security_manager"><strong>Running under a security manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>When running under a security manager the locations from which classes
+are permitted to be loaded will also depend on the contents of your policy
+file. See <a href="security-manager-howto.html">Security Manager HOW-TO</a>
+for further information.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Clustering/Session Replication HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><meta name="author" content="Peter Rossbach"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Clustering/Session Replication HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Important Note"><!--()--></a><a name="Important_Note"><strong>Important Note</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p><b>You can also check the <a href="config/cluster.html">configuration reference documentation.</a></b>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#For_the_impatient">For the impatient</a></li><li><a href="#Cluster_Basics">Cluster Basics</a></li><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Cluster_Information">Cluster Information</a></li><li><a href="#Bind_session_after_crash_to_failover_node">Bind session after crash to failover node</a></li><li><a href="#Configuration_Example">Configuration Example</a></li><li><a href="#Cluster_Architecture">Cluster Architecture</a></li><li><a href="#How_it_Works">How it Works</a></li><li><a href="#Monitoring_your_Cluster_with_JMX">Monitoring your Cluster with JMX</a></li><li><a href="#FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="For the impatient"><!--()--></a><a name="For_the_impatient"><strong>For the impatient</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    Simply add <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>&lt;Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    to your <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code> or your <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code> element to enable clustering.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    Using the above configuration will enable all-to-all session replication
+    using the <code>DeltaManager</code> to replicate session deltas. By all-to-all we mean that the session gets replicated to all the other
+    nodes in the cluster. This works great for smaller cluster but we don't recommend it for larger clusters(a lot of Tomcat nodes).
+    Also when using the delta manager it will replicate to all nodes, even nodes that don't have the application deployed.<br>
+    To get around this problem, you'll want to use the BackupManager. This manager only replicates the session data to one backup
+    node, and only to nodes that have the application deployed. Downside of the BackupManager: not quite as battle tested as the delta manager.
+    <br>
+    Here are some of the important default values:<br>
+    1. Multicast address is 228.0.0.4<br>
+    2. Multicast port is 45564 (the port and the address together determine cluster membership.<br>
+    3. The IP broadcasted is <code>java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress()</code> (make sure you don't broadcast 127.0.0.1, this is a common error)<br>
+    4. The TCP port listening for replication messages is the first available server socket in range <code>4000-4100</code><br>
+    5. Two listeners are configured <code>ClusterSessionListener</code> and <code>JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener</code><br>
+    6. Two interceptors are configured <code>TcpFailureDetector</code> and <code>MessageDispatch15Interceptor</code><br>
+    The following is the default cluster configuration:<br>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+        &lt;Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
+                 channelSendOptions="8"&gt;
+
+          &lt;Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
+                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
+                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/&gt;
+
+          &lt;Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"&gt;
+            &lt;Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
+                        address="228.0.0.4"
+                        port="45564"
+                        frequency="500"
+                        dropTime="3000"/&gt;
+            &lt;Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
+                      address="auto"
+                      port="4000"
+                      autoBind="100"
+                      selectorTimeout="5000"
+                      maxThreads="6"/&gt;
+
+            &lt;Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"&gt;
+              &lt;Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/&gt;
+            &lt;/Sender&gt;
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/&gt;
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/&gt;
+          &lt;/Channel&gt;
+
+          &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
+                 filter=""/&gt;
+          &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/&gt;
+
+          &lt;Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
+                    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
+                    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
+                    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
+                    watchEnabled="false"/&gt;
+
+          &lt;ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/&gt;
+          &lt;ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/&gt;
+        &lt;/Cluster&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </p>
+  <p>Will cover this section in more detail later in this document.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Cluster Basics"><!--()--></a><a name="Cluster_Basics"><strong>Cluster Basics</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>To run session replication in your Tomcat 7.0 container, the following steps
+should be completed:</p>
+<ul>
+  <li>All your session attributes must implement <code>java.io.Serializable</code></li>
+  <li>Uncomment the <code>Cluster</code> element in server.xml</li>
+  <li>If you have defined custom cluster valves, make sure you have the <code>ReplicationValve</code>  defined as well under the Cluster element in server.xml</li>
+  <li>If your Tomcat instances are running on the same machine, make sure the <code>tcpListenPort</code>
+      attribute is unique for each instance, in most cases Tomcat is smart enough to resolve this on it's own by autodetecting available ports in the range 4000-4100</li>
+  <li>Make sure your <code>web.xml</code> has the
+      <code>&lt;distributable/&gt;</code> element</li>
+  <li>If you are using mod_jk, make sure that jvmRoute attribute is set at your Engine <code>&lt;Engine name="Catalina" jvmRoute="node01" &gt;</code>
+      and that the jvmRoute attribute value matches your worker name in workers.properties</li>
+  <li>Make sure that all nodes have the same time and sync with NTP service!</li>
+  <li>Make sure that your loadbalancer is configured for sticky session mode.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Load balancing can be achieved through many techniques, as seen in the
+<a href="balancer-howto.html">Load Balancing</a> chapter.</p>
+<p>Note: Remember that your session state is tracked by a cookie, so your URL must look the same from the out
+   side otherwise, a new session will be created.</p>
+<p>Note: Clustering support currently requires the JDK version 1.5 or later.</p>
+<p>The Cluster module uses the Tomcat JULI logging framework, so you can configure logging
+   through the regular logging.properties file. To track messages, you can enable logging on the key:<code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.MESSAGES</code></p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>To enable session replication in Tomcat, three different paths can be followed to achieve the exact same thing:</p>
+<ol>
+  <li>Using session persistence, and saving the session to a shared file system (PersistenceManager + FileStore)</li>
+  <li>Using session persistence, and saving the session to a shared database (PersistenceManager + JDBCStore)</li>
+  <li>Using in-memory-replication, using the SimpleTcpCluster that ships with Tomcat (lib/catalina-tribes.jar + lib/catalina-ha.jar)</li>
+</ol>
+
+<p>In this release of session replication, Tomcat can perform an all-to-all replication of session state using the <code>DeltaManager</code> or
+   perform backup replication to only one node using the <code>BackupManager</code>.
+   The all-to-all replication is an algorithm that is only efficient when the clusters are small. For larger clusters,  to use
+   a primary-secondary session replication where the session will only be stored at one backup server simply setup the BackupManager. <br>
+   Currently you can use the domain worker attribute (mod_jk &gt; 1.2.8) to build cluster partitions
+   with the potential of having a more scalable cluster solution with the DeltaManager(you'll need to configure the domain interceptor for this).
+   In order to keep the network traffic down in an all-to-all environment, you can split your cluster
+   into smaller groups. This can be easily achieved by using different multicast addresses for the different groups.
+   A very simple setup would look like this:
+   </p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+        DNS Round Robin
+               |
+         Load Balancer
+          /           \
+      Cluster1      Cluster2
+      /     \        /     \
+  Tomcat1 Tomcat2  Tomcat3 Tomcat4
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>What is important to mention here, is that session replication is only the beginning of clustering.
+   Another popular concept used to implement clusters is farming, i.e., you deploy your apps only to one
+   server, and the cluster will distribute the deployments across the entire cluster.
+   This is all capabilities that can go into with the FarmWarDeployer (s. cluster example at <code>server.xml</code>)</p>
+<p>In the next section will go deeper into how session replication works and how to configure it.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Cluster Information"><!--()--></a><a name="Cluster_Information"><strong>Cluster Information</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Membership is established using multicast heartbeats.
+   Hence, if you wish to subdivide your clusters, you can do this by
+   changing the multicast IP address or port in the <code>&lt;Membership&gt;</code> element.
+</p>
+<p>
+   The heartbeat contains the IP address of the Tomcat node and the TCP port that
+   Tomcat listens to for replication traffic. All data communication happens over TCP.
+</p>
+<p>
+    The <code>ReplicationValve</code> is used to find out when the request has been completed and initiate the
+    replication, if any. Data is only replicated if the session has changed (by calling setAttribute or removeAttribute
+    on the session).
+</p>
+<p>
+    One of the most important performance considerations is the synchronous versus asynchronous replication.
+    In a synchronous replication mode the request doesn't return until the replicated session has been
+    sent over the wire and reinstantiated on all the other cluster nodes.
+    Synchronous vs. asynchronous is configured using the <code>channelSendOptions</code>
+    flag and is an integer value. The default value for the <code>SimpleTcpCluster/DeltaManager</code> combo is
+    8, which is asynchronous. You can read more on the <a href="tribes/introduction.html">send flag(overview)</a> or the
+    <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/Channel.html">send flag(javadoc)</a>.
+    During async replication, the request is returned before the data has been replicated. async replication yields shorter
+    request times, and synchronous replication guarantees the session to be replicated before the request returns.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Bind session after crash to failover node"><!--()--></a><a name="Bind_session_after_crash_to_failover_node"><strong>Bind session after crash to failover node</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+    If you are using mod_jk and not using sticky sessions or for some reasons sticky session don't
+    work, or you are simply failing over, the session id will need to be modified as it previously contained
+    the worker id of the previous tomcat (as defined by jvmRoute in the Engine element).
+    To solve this, we will use the JvmRouteBinderValve.
+</p>
+<p>
+    The JvmRouteBinderValve rewrites the session id to ensure that the next request will remain sticky
+    (and not fall back to go to random nodes since the worker is no longer available) after a fail over.
+    The valve rewrites the JSESSIONID value in the cookie with the same name.
+    Not having this valve in place, will make it harder to ensure stickiness in case of a failure for the mod_jk module.
+</p>
+<p>
+    By default, if no valves are configured, the JvmRouteBinderValve is added on.
+    The cluster message listener called JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener is also defined by default and is used to actually rewrite the
+    session id on the other nodes in the cluster once a fail over has occurred.
+    Remember, if you are adding your own valves or cluster listeners in server.xml then the defaults are no longer valid,
+    make sure that you add in all the appropriate valves and listeners as defined by the default.
+</p>
+<p>
+    <b>Hint:</b><br>
+    With attribute <i>sessionIdAttribute</i> you can change the request attribute name that included the old session id.
+    Default attribute name is <i>org.apache.catalina.cluster.session.JvmRouteOrignalSessionID</i>.
+</p>
+<p>
+    <b>Trick:</b><br>
+    You can enable this mod_jk turnover mode via JMX before you drop a node to all backup nodes!
+    Set enable true on all JvmRouteBinderValve backups, disable worker at mod_jk
+    and then drop node and restart it! Then enable mod_jk Worker and disable JvmRouteBinderValves again.
+    This use case means that only requested session are migrated.
+</p>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuration Example"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuration_Example"><strong>Configuration Example</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+        &lt;Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
+                 channelSendOptions="6"&gt;
+
+          &lt;Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
+                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
+                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"
+                   mapSendOptions="6"/&gt;
+          &lt;!--
+          &lt;Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
+                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
+                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/&gt;
+          --&gt;
+          &lt;Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"&gt;
+            &lt;Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
+                        address="228.0.0.4"
+                        port="45564"
+                        frequency="500"
+                        dropTime="3000"/&gt;
+            &lt;Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
+                      address="auto"
+                      port="5000"
+                      selectorTimeout="100"
+                      maxThreads="6"/&gt;
+
+            &lt;Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"&gt;
+              &lt;Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/&gt;
+            &lt;/Sender&gt;
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/&gt;
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/&gt;
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/&gt;
+          &lt;/Channel&gt;
+
+          &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
+                 filter=".*\.gif|.*\.js|.*\.jpeg|.*\.jpg|.*\.png|.*\.htm|.*\.html|.*\.css|.*\.txt"/&gt;
+
+          &lt;Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
+                    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
+                    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
+                    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
+                    watchEnabled="false"/&gt;
+
+          &lt;ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/&gt;
+        &lt;/Cluster&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+      Break it down!!
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+        &lt;Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
+                 channelSendOptions="6"&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+      The main element, inside this element all cluster details can be configured.
+      The <code>channelSendOptions</code> is the flag that is attached to each message sent by the
+      SimpleTcpCluster class or any objects that are invoking the SimpleTcpCluster.send method.
+      The description of the send flags is available at <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/Channel.html">
+      our javadoc site</a>
+      The <code>DeltaManager</code> sends information using the SimpleTcpCluster.send method, while the backup manager
+      sends it itself directly through the channel.
+      <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+          &lt;Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
+                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
+                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"
+                   mapSendOptions="6"/&gt;
+          &lt;!--
+          &lt;Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
+                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
+                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/&gt;
+          --&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        This is a template for the manager configuration that will be used if no manager is defined in the &lt;Context&gt;
+        element. In Tomcat 5.x each webapp marked distributable had to use the same manager, this is no longer the case
+        since Tomcat you can define a manager class for each webapp, so that you can mix managers in your cluster.
+        Obviously the managers on one node's application has to correspond with the same manager on the same application on the other node.
+        If no manager has been specified for the webapp, and the webapp is marked &lt;distributable/&gt; Tomcat will take this manager configuration
+        and create a manager instance cloning this configuration.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-manager.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+          &lt;Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        The channel element is <a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a>, the group communication framework
+        used inside Tomcat. This element encapsulates everything that has to do with communication and membership logic.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-channel.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+            &lt;Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
+                        address="228.0.0.4"
+                        port="45564"
+                        frequency="500"
+                        dropTime="3000"/&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        Membership is done using multicasting. Please note that Tribes also supports static memberships using the
+        <code>StaticMembershipInterceptor</code> if you want to extend your membership to points beyond multicasting.
+        The address attribute is the multicast address used and the port is the multicast port. These two together
+        create the cluster separation. If you want a QA cluster and a production cluster, the easiest config is to
+        have the QA cluster be on a separate multicast address/port combination than the production cluster.<br>
+        The membership component broadcasts TCP address/port of itself to the other nodes so that communication between
+        nodes can be done over TCP. Please note that the address being broadcasted is the one of the
+        <code>Receiver.address</code> attribute.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-membership.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+            &lt;Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
+                      address="auto"
+                      port="5000"
+                      selectorTimeout="100"
+                      maxThreads="6"/&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        In tribes the logic of sending and receiving data has been broken into two functional components. The Receiver, as the name suggests
+        is responsible for receiving messages. Since the Tribes stack is thread less, (a popular improvement now adopted by other frameworks as well),
+        there is a thread pool in this component that has a maxThreads and minThreads setting.<br>
+        The address attribute is the host address that will be broadcasted by the membership component to the other nodes.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-receiver.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+
+            &lt;Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"&gt;
+              &lt;Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/&gt;
+            &lt;/Sender&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        The sender component, as the name indicates is responsible for sending messages to other nodes.
+        The sender has a shell component, the <code>ReplicationTransmitter</code> but the real stuff done is done in the
+        sub component, <code>Transport</code>.
+        Tribes support having a pool of senders, so that messages can be sent in parallel and if using the NIO sender,
+        you can send messages concurrently as well.<br>
+        Concurrently means one message to multiple senders at the same time and Parallel means multiple messages to multiple senders
+        at the same time.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-sender.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/&gt;
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/&gt;
+            &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/&gt;
+          &lt;/Channel&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        Tribes uses a stack to send messages through. Each element in the stack is called an interceptor, and works much like the valves do
+        in the Tomcat servlet container.
+        Using interceptors, logic can be broken into more manageable pieces of code. The interceptors configured above are:<br>
+        TcpFailureDetector - verifies crashed members through TCP, if multicast packets get dropped, this interceptor protects against false positives,
+        ie the node marked as crashed even though it still is alive and running.<br>
+        MessageDispatch15Interceptor - dispatches messages to a thread (thread pool) to send message asynchrously.<br>
+        ThroughputInterceptor - prints out simple stats on message traffic.<br>
+        Please note that the order of interceptors is important. the way they are defined in server.xml is the way they are represented in the
+        channel stack. Think of it as a linked list, with the head being the first most interceptor and the tail the last.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-interceptor.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+          &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
+                 filter=".*\.gif|.*\.js|.*\.jpeg|.*\.jpg|.*\.png|.*\.htm|.*\.html|.*\.css|.*\.txt"/&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        The cluster uses valves to track requests to web applications, we've mentioned the ReplicationValve and the JvmRouteBinderValve above.
+        The &lt;Cluster&gt; element itself is not part of the pipeline in Tomcat, instead the cluster adds the valve to its parent container.
+        If the &lt;Cluster&gt; elements is configured in the &lt;Engine&gt; element, the valves get added to the engine and so on.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-valve.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+          &lt;Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
+                    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
+                    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
+                    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
+                    watchEnabled="false"/&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        The default tomcat cluster supports farmed deployment, ie, the cluster can deploy and undeploy applications on the other nodes.
+        The state of this component is currently in flux but will be addressed soon. There was a change in the deployment algorithm
+        between Tomcat 5.0 and 5.5 and at that point, the logic of this component changed to where the deploy dir has to match the
+        webapps directory.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-deployer.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+          &lt;ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/&gt;
+        &lt;/Cluster&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+        Since the SimpleTcpCluster itself is a sender and receiver of the Channel object, components can register themselves as listeners to
+        the SimpleTcpCluster. The listener above <code>ClusterSessionListener</code> listens for DeltaManager replication messages
+        and applies the deltas to the manager that in turn applies it to the session.
+        <br>For more info, Please visit the <a href="config/cluster-listener.html">reference documentation</a>
+    </p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Cluster Architecture"><!--()--></a><a name="Cluster_Architecture"><strong>Cluster Architecture</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p><b>Component Levels:</b>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+         Server
+           |
+         Service
+           |
+         Engine
+           |  \
+           |  --- Cluster --*
+           |
+         Host
+           |
+         ------
+        /      \
+     Cluster    Context(1-N)
+        |             \
+        |             -- Manager
+        |                   \
+        |                   -- DeltaManager
+        |                   -- BackupManager
+        |
+     ---------------------------
+        |                       \
+      Channel                    \
+    ----------------------------- \
+        |                          \
+     Interceptor_1 ..               \
+        |                            \
+     Interceptor_N                    \
+    -----------------------------      \
+     |          |         |             \
+   Receiver    Sender   Membership       \
+                                         -- Valve
+                                         |      \
+                                         |       -- ReplicationValve
+                                         |       -- JvmRouteBinderValve
+                                         |
+                                         -- LifecycleListener
+                                         |
+                                         -- ClusterListener
+                                         |      \
+                                         |       -- ClusterSessionListener
+                                         |       -- JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener
+                                         |
+                                         -- Deployer
+                                                \
+                                                 -- FarmWarDeployer
+
+
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="How it Works"><!--()--></a><a name="How_it_Works"><strong>How it Works</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>To make it easy to understand how clustering works, We are gonna take you through a series of scenarios.
+   In the scenario we only plan to use two tomcat instances <code>TomcatA</code> and <code>TomcatB</code>.
+   We will cover the following sequence of events:</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li><code>TomcatA</code> starts up</li>
+<li><code>TomcatB</code> starts up (Wait that TomcatA start is complete)</li>
+<li><code>TomcatA</code> receives a request, a session <code>S1</code> is created.</li>
+<li><code>TomcatA</code> crashes</li>
+<li><code>TomcatB</code> receives a request for session <code>S1</code></li>
+<li><code>TomcatA</code> starts up</li>
+<li><code>TomcatA</code> receives a request, invalidate is called on the session (<code>S1</code>)</li>
+<li><code>TomcatB</code> receives a request, for a new session (<code>S2</code>)</li>
+<li><code>TomcatA</code> The session <code>S2</code> expires due to inactivity.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<p>Ok, now that we have a good sequence, we will take you through exactly what happens in the session repliction code</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li><b><code>TomcatA</code> starts up</b>
+    <p>
+        Tomcat starts up using the standard start up sequence. When the Host object is created, a cluster object is associated with it.
+        When the contexts are parsed, if the distributable element is in place in web.xml
+        Tomcat asks the Cluster class (in this case <code>SimpleTcpCluster</code>) to create a manager
+        for the replicated context. So with clustering enabled, distributable set in web.xml
+        Tomcat will create a <code>DeltaManager</code> for that context instead of a <code>StandardManager</code>.
+        The cluster class will start up a membership service (multicast) and a replication service (tcp unicast).
+        More on the architecture further down in this document.
+    </p><p></p>
+</li>
+<li><b><code>TomcatB</code> starts up</b>
+    <p>
+        When TomcatB starts up, it follows the same sequence as TomcatA did with one exception.
+        The cluster is started and will establish a membership (TomcatA,TomcatB).
+        TomcatB will now request the session state from a server that already exists in the cluster,
+        in this case TomcatA. TomcatA responds to the request, and before TomcatB starts listening
+        for HTTP requests, the state has been transferred from TomcatA to TomcatB.
+        In case TomcatA doesn't respond, TomcatB will time out after 60 seconds, and issue a log
+        entry. The session state gets transferred for each web application that has distributable in
+        its web.xml. Note: To use session replication efficiently, all your tomcat instances should be
+        configured the same.
+    </p><p></p>
+</li>
+<li><B><code>TomcatA</code> receives a request, a session <code>S1</code> is created.</B>
+    <p>
+        The request coming in to TomcatA is treated exactly the same way as without session replication.
+        The action happens when the request is completed, the <code>ReplicationValve</code> will intercept
+        the request before the response is returned to the user.
+        At this point it finds that the session has been modified, and it uses TCP to replicata the
+        session to TomcatB. Once the serialized data has been handed off to the operating systems TCP logic,
+        the request returns to the user, back through the valve pipeline.
+        For each request the entire session is replicated, this allows code that modifies attributes
+        in the session without calling setAttribute or removeAttribute to be replicated.
+        a useDirtyFlag configuration parameter can be used to optimize the number of times
+        a session is replicated.
+    </p><p></p>
+
+</li>
+<li><b><code>TomcatA</code> crashes</b>
+    <p>
+        When TomcatA crashes, TomcatB receives a notification that TomcatA has dropped out
+        of the cluster. TomcatB removes TomcatA from its membership list, and TomcatA will no longer
+        be notified of any changes that occurs in TomcatB.
+        The load balancer will redirect the requests from TomcatA to TomcatB and all the sessions
+        are current.
+    </p><p></p>
+</li>
+<li><b><code>TomcatB</code> receives a request for session <code>S1</code></b>
+    <p>Nothing exciting, TomcatB will process the request as any other request.
+    </p><p></p>
+</li>
+<li><b><code>TomcatA</code> starts up</b>
+    <p>Upon start up, before TomcatA starts taking new request and making itself
+    available to it will follow the start up sequence described above 1) 2).
+    It will join the cluster, contact TomcatB for the current state of all the sessions.
+    And once it receives the session state, it finishes loading and opens its HTTP/mod_jk ports.
+    So no requests will make it to TomcatA until it has received the session state from TomcatB.
+    </p><p></p>
+</li>
+<li><b><code>TomcatA</code> receives a request, invalidate is called on the session (<code>S1</code>)</b>
+    <p>The invalidate is call is intercepted, and the session is queued with invalidated sessions.
+        When the request is complete, instead of sending out the session that has changed, it sends out
+        an "expire" message to TomcatB and TomcatB will invalidate the session as well.
+    </p><p></p>
+
+</li>
+<li><b><code>TomcatB</code> receives a request, for a new session (<code>S2</code>)</b>
+    <p>Same scenario as in step 3)
+    </p><p></p>
+
+
+</li>
+<li><code>TomcatA</code> The session <code>S2</code> expires due to inactivity.
+    <p>The invalidate is call is intercepted the same was as when a session is invalidated by the user,
+       and the session is queued with invalidated sessions.
+       At this point, the invalidet session will not be replicated across until
+       another request comes through the system and checks the invalid queue.
+    </p><p></p>
+</li>
+</ol>
+
+<p>Phuuuhh! :)</p>
+
+<p><b>Membership</b>
+    Clustering membership is established using very simple multicast pings.
+    Each Tomcat instance will periodically send out a multicast ping,
+    in the ping message the instance will broad cast its IP and TCP listen port
+    for replication.
+    If an instance has not received such a ping within a given timeframe, the
+    member is considered dead. Very simple, and very effective!
+    Of course, you need to enable multicasting on your system.
+</p>
+
+<p><b>TCP Replication</b>
+    Once a multicast ping has been received, the member is added to the cluster
+    Upon the next replication request, the sending instance will use the host and
+    port info and establish a TCP socket. Using this socket it sends over the serialized data.
+    The reason I choose TCP sockets is because it has built in flow control and guaranteed delivery.
+    So I know, when I send some data, it will make it there :)
+</p>
+
+<p><b>Distributed locking and pages using frames</b>
+    Tomcat does not keep session instances in sync across the cluster.
+    The implementation of such logic would be to much overhead and cause all
+    kinds of problems. If your client accesses the same session
+    simultanously using multiple requests, then the last request
+    will override the other sessions in the cluster.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Monitoring your Cluster with JMX"><!--()--></a><a name="Monitoring_your_Cluster_with_JMX"><strong>Monitoring your Cluster with JMX</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Monitoring is a very important question when you use a cluster. Some of the cluster objects are JMX MBeans </p>
+<p>Add the following parameter to your startup script with Java 5:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+set CATALINA_OPTS=\
+-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote \
+-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=%my.jmx.port% \
+-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false \
+-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+List of Cluster Mbeans<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Name</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">MBean ObjectName - Engine</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">MBean ObjectName - Host</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Cluster</td>
+    <td>The complete cluster element</td>
+    <td><code>type=Cluster</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=Cluster,host=${HOST}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>DeltaManager</td>
+    <td>This manager control the sessions and handle session replication </td>
+    <td><code>type=Manager,context=${APP.CONTEXT.PATH}, host=${HOST}</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=Manager,context=${APP.CONTEXT.PATH}, host=${HOST}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>FarmWarDeployer</td>
+    <td>Manages the process of deploying an application to all nodes in the cluster</td>
+    <td>Not supported</td>
+    <td><code>type=Cluster, host=${HOST}, component=deployer</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Member</td>
+    <td>Represents a node in the cluster</td>
+    <td>type=Cluster, component=member, name=${NODE_NAME}</td>
+    <td><code>type=Cluster, host=${HOST}, component=member, name=${NODE_NAME}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ReplicationValve</td>
+    <td>This valve control the replication to the backup nodes</td>
+    <td><code>type=Valve,name=ReplicationValve</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=Valve,name=ReplicationValve,host=${HOST}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>JvmRouteBinderValve</td>
+    <td>This is a cluster fallback valve to change the Session ID to the current tomcat jvmroute.</td>
+    <td><code>type=Valve,name=JvmRouteBinderValve,
+              context=${APP.CONTEXT.PATH}</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=Valve,name=JvmRouteBinderValve,host=${HOST},
+              context=${APP.CONTEXT.PATH}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="FAQ"><strong>FAQ</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Please see <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ/Clustering">the clustering section of the FAQ</a>.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Documentation User Comments</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
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+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Documentation User Comments</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The AJP Connector</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><meta name="author" content="Andrew R. Jaquith"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The AJP Connector</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementations">Standard Implementations</a></li><li><a href="#Java_TCP_socket_attributes">Java TCP socket attributes</a></li><li><a href="#NIO_specific_configuration">NIO specific configuration</a></li><li><a href="#APR/native_specific_configuration">APR/native specific configuration</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Proxy_Support">Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="#Connector_Comparison">Connector Comparison</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>AJP Connector</strong> element represents a
+  <strong>Connector</strong> component that communicates with a web
+  connector via the <code>AJP</code> protocol.  This is used for cases
+  where you wish to invisibly integrate Tomcat into an existing (or new)
+  Apache installation, and you want Apache to handle the static content
+  contained in the web application, and/or utilize Apache's SSL
+  processing.</p>
+
+  <p>This connector supports load balancing when used in conjunction with
+  the <code>jvmRoute</code> attribute of the
+  <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>.</p>
+
+  <p>The native connectors supported with this Tomcat release are:
+    <ul>
+      <li>JK 1.2.x with any of the supported servers. See
+      <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">the JK docs</a>
+      for details.</li>
+      <li>mod_proxy on Apache httpd 2.x (included by default in Apache HTTP
+      Server 2.2), with AJP enabled: see
+      <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html">the
+      httpd docs</a> for details.</li>
+    </ul>
+  </p>
+
+  <p><b>Other native connectors supporting AJP may work, but are no longer
+  supported.</b></p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>All implementations of <strong>Connector</strong>
+  support the following attributes:</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allowTrace</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>A boolean value which can be used to enable or disable the TRACE
+      HTTP method. If not specified, this attribute is set to false.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">asyncTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The default timeout for asynchronous requests in milliseconds. If not
+      specified, this attribute is set to 10000 (10 seconds).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">enableLookups</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want calls to
+      <code>request.getRemoteHost()</code> to perform DNS lookups in
+      order to return the actual host name of the remote client.  Set
+      to <code>false</code> to skip the DNS lookup and return the IP
+      address in String form instead (thereby improving performance).
+      By default, DNS lookups are disabled.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxHeaderCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of headers in a request that are allowed by the
+      container. A request that contains more headers than the specified limit
+      will be rejected. A value of less than 0 means no limit.
+      If not specified, a default of 100 is used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxParameterCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of parameter and value pairs (GET plus POST) which
+      will be automatically parsed by the container. Parameter and value pairs
+      beyond this limit will be ignored. A value of less than 0 means no limit.
+      If not specified, a default of 10000 is used. Note that
+      <code>FailedRequestFilter</code> <a href="filter.html">filter</a> can be
+      used to reject requests that hit the limit.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxPostSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be handled by
+      the container FORM URL parameter parsing. The limit can be disabled by
+      setting this attribute to a value less than or equal to 0.
+      If not specified, this attribute is set to 2097152 (2 megabytes).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxSavePostSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be saved/buffered by
+      the container during FORM or CLIENT-CERT authentication. For both types
+      of authentication, the POST will be saved/buffered before the user is
+      authenticated. For CLIENT-CERT authentication, the POST is buffered for
+      the duration of the SSL handshake and the buffer emptied when the request
+      is processed. For FORM authentication the POST is saved whilst the user
+      is re-directed to the login form and is retained until the user
+      successfully authenticates or the session associated with the
+      authentication request expires. The limit can be disabled by setting this
+      attribute to -1. Setting the attribute to zero will disable the saving of
+      POST data during authentication. If not specified, this attribute is set
+      to 4096 (4 kilobytes).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">parseBodyMethods</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>A comma-separated list of HTTP methods for which request
+      bodies will be parsed for request parameters identically
+      to POST. This is useful in RESTful applications that want to
+      support POST-style semantics for PUT requests.
+      Note that any setting other than <code>POST</code> causes Tomcat
+      to behave in a way that goes against the intent of the servlet
+      specification.
+      The HTTP method TRACE is specifically forbidden here in accordance
+      with the HTTP specification.
+      The default is <code>POST</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">port</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The TCP port number on which this <strong>Connector</strong>
+      will create a server socket and await incoming connections.  Your
+      operating system will allow only one server application to listen
+      to a particular port number on a particular IP address. If the special
+      value of 0 (zero) is used, then Tomcat will select a free port at random
+      to use for this connector. This is typically only useful in embedded and
+      testing applications.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocol</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Sets the protocol to handle incoming traffic. To configure an AJP
+        connector this must be specified. If no value for protocol is provided,
+        an <a href="http.html">HTTP connector</a> rather than an AJP connector
+        will be configured.<br>
+        The standard protocol value for an AJP connector is <code>AJP/1.3</code>
+        which uses an auto-switching mechanism to select either a Java based
+        connector or an APR/native based connector. If the
+        <code>PATH</code> (Windows) or <code>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code> (on most unix
+        systems) environment variables contain the Tomcat native library, the
+        native/APR connector will be used. If the native library cannot be
+        found, the Java based connector will be used.<br>
+        To use an explicit protocol rather than rely on the auto-switching
+        mechanism described above, the following values may be used:<br>
+        <code>org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpProtocol</code>
+        - blocking Java connector<br>
+        <code>org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpNioProtocol</code>
+        - non blocking Java connector.<br>
+        <code>org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol</code>
+        - the APR/native connector.<br>
+        Custom implementations may also be used.<br>
+        Take a look at our <a href="#Connector Comparison">Connector
+        Comparison</a> chart.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">proxyName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is being used in a proxy
+      configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server name
+      to be returned for calls to <code>request.getServerName()</code>.
+      See <a href="#Proxy Support">Proxy Support</a> for more
+      information.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">proxyPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is being used in a proxy
+      configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server port
+      to be returned for calls to <code>request.getServerPort()</code>.
+      See <a href="#Proxy Support">Proxy Support</a> for more
+      information.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">redirectPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is supporting non-SSL
+      requests, and a request is received for which a matching
+      <code>&lt;security-constraint&gt;</code> requires SSL transport,
+      Catalina will automatically redirect the request to the port
+      number specified here.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scheme</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to the name of the protocol you wish to have
+      returned by calls to <code>request.getScheme()</code>.  For
+      example, you would set this attribute to "<code>https</code>"
+      for an SSL Connector.  The default value is "<code>http</code>".
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secure</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> if you wish to have
+      calls to <code>request.isSecure()</code> to return <code>true</code>
+      for requests received by this Connector. You would want this on an
+      SSL Connector or a non SSL connector that is receiving data from a
+      SSL accelerator, like a crypto card, a SSL appliance or even a webserver.
+      The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">URIEncoding</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>This specifies the character encoding used to decode the URI bytes,
+      after %xx decoding the URL. If not specified, ISO-8859-1 will be used.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useBodyEncodingForURI</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>This specifies if the encoding specified in contentType should be used
+      for URI query parameters, instead of using the URIEncoding. This
+      setting is present for compatibility with Tomcat 4.1.x, where the
+      encoding specified in the contentType, or explicitly set using
+      Request.setCharacterEncoding method was also used for the parameters from
+      the URL. The default value is <code>false</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useIPVHosts</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> to cause Tomcat to use
+      the IP address passed by the native web server to determine the Host
+      to send the request to.  The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">xpoweredBy</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> to cause Tomcat to advertise
+      support for the Servlet specification using the header recommended in the
+      specification.  The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementations"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementations"><strong>Standard Implementations</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>To use AJP, you must specify the protocol attribute (see above).</p>
+
+  <p>The standard AJP connectors (BIO, NIO and APR/native) all support the
+  following attributes in addition to the common Connector attributes listed
+  above.</p>
+
+  <p><strong><font color="red">WARNING</font></strong>: The NIO connector for
+  AJP is experimental.</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">acceptCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum queue length for incoming connection requests when
+      all possible request processing threads are in use.  Any requests
+      received when the queue is full will be refused.  The default
+      value is 100.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">acceptorThreadCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of threads to be used to accept connections. Increase this
+      value on a multi CPU machine, although you would never really need more
+      than <code>2</code>. Also, with a lot of non keep alive connections, you
+      might want to increase this value as well. Default value is
+      <code>1</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">acceptorThreadPriority</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The priority of the acceptor threads. The threads used to accept
+      new connections. The default value is <code>5</code> (the value of the
+      <code>java.lang.Thread.NORM_PRIORITY</code> constant). See the JavaDoc
+      for the <code>java.lang.Thread</code> class for more details on what
+      this priority means.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">address</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>For servers with more than one IP address, this attribute
+      specifies which address will be used for listening on the specified
+      port.  By default, this port will be used on all IP addresses
+      associated with the server. A value of <code>127.0.0.1</code>
+      indicates that the Connector will only listen on the loopback
+      interface.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">bindOnInit</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Controls when the socket used by the connector is bound. By default it
+      is bound when the connector is initiated and unbound when the connector is
+      destroyed. If set to <code>false</code>, the socket will be bound when the
+      connector is started and unbound when it is stopped.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clientCertProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>When client certificate information is presented in a form other than
+      instances of <code>java.security.cert.X509Certificate</code> it needs to
+      be converted before it can be used and this property controls which JSSE
+      provider is used to perform the conversion. For example it is used with
+      the AJP connectors, the <a href="http.html">HTTP APR connector</a> and
+      with the <a href="valve.html#SSL_Authenticator_Valve">
+      org.apache.catalina.valves.SSLValve</a>.If not specified, the default
+      provider will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionLinger</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of seconds during which the sockets used by this
+      <strong>Connector</strong> will linger when they are closed.
+      If not specified, the JVM default will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of milliseconds this <strong>Connector</strong> will wait,
+      after accepting a connection, for the request URI line to be
+      presented.  The default value for AJP protocol connectors
+      is <code>-1</code> (i.e. infinite).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">executor</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>A reference to the name in an <a href="executor.html">Executor</a>
+      element. If this attribute is set, and the named executor exists, the
+      connector will use the executor, and all the other thread attributes will
+      be ignored. Note that if a shared executor is not specified for a
+      connector then the connector will use a private, internal executor to
+      provide the thread pool.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keepAliveTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of milliseconds this <strong>Connector</strong> will wait for
+       another AJP request before closing the connection.
+       The default value is to use the value that has been set for the
+       connectionTimeout attribute.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxConnections</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of connections that the server will accept and
+      process at any given time. When this number has been reached, the server
+      will not accept any more connections until the number of connections
+      falls below this value. The operating system may still accept
+      connections based on the <code>acceptCount</code> setting. Default value
+      varies by connector type. For BIO the default is the value of
+      <strong>maxThreads</strong> unless an <a href="executor.html">Executor</a>
+      is used in which case the default will be the value of maxThreads from the
+      executor. For NIO the default is <code>10000</code>.
+      For APR/native, the default is <code>8192</code>.</p>
+      <p>Note that for APR/native on Windows, the configured value will be
+      reduced to the highest multiple of 1024 that is less than or equal to
+      maxConnections. This is done for performance reasons.<br>
+      If set to a value of -1, the maxConnections feature is disabled 
+      and connections are not counted.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of request processing threads to be created
+      by this <strong>Connector</strong>, which therefore determines the
+      maximum number of simultaneous requests that can be handled.  If
+      not specified, this attribute is set to 200. If an executor is associated
+      with this connector, this attribute is ignored as the connector will
+      execute tasks using the executor rather than an internal thread pool.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minSpareThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The minimum number of threads always kept running. If not specified,
+      the default of <code>10</code> is used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">packetSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>This attribute sets the maximum AJP packet size in Bytes. The maximum
+      value is 65536. It should be the same as the <code>max_packet_size</code>
+      directive configured for mod_jk. Normally it is not necessary to change
+      the maximum packet size. Problems with the default value have been
+      reported when sending certificates or certificate chains. The default
+      value is 8192. If set to less than 8192 then the setting will ignored and
+      the default value of 8192 used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processorCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The protocol handler caches Processor objects to speed up performance.
+      This setting dictates how many of these objects get cached.
+      <code>-1</code> means unlimited, default is <code>200</code>. If not using
+      Servlet 3.0 asynchronous processing, a good default is to use the same as
+      the maxThreads setting. If using Servlet 3.0 asynchronous processing, a
+      good default is to use the larger of maxThreads and the maximum number of
+      expected concurrent requests (synchronous and asynchronous).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">requiredSecret</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Only requests from workers with this secret keyword will be accepted.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tcpNoDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If set to <code>true</code>, the TCP_NO_DELAY option will be
+      set on the server socket, which improves performance under most
+      circumstances.  This is set to <code>true</code> by default.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">threadPriority</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The priority of the request processing threads within the JVM.
+      The default value is <code>5</code> (the value of the
+      <code>java.lang.Thread.NORM_PRIORITY</code> constant). See the JavaDoc
+      for the <code>java.lang.Thread</code> class for more details on what
+      this priority means.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tomcatAuthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If set to <code>true</code>, the authentication will be done in Tomcat.
+      Otherwise, the authenticated principal will be propagated from the native
+      webserver and used for authorization in Tomcat.
+      The default value is <code>true</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Java TCP socket attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Java_TCP_socket_attributes"><strong>Java TCP socket attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The BIO and NIO implementation support the following Java TCP socket
+    attributes in addition to the common Connector and HTTP attributes listed
+    above.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.rxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The socket receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) size in bytes. JVM default
+        used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.txBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The socket send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) size in bytes. JVM default
+        used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.tcpNoDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)This is equivalent to standard attribute
+        <strong>tcpNoDelay</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soKeepAlive</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the socket's keep alive setting
+        (SO_KEEPALIVE). JVM default used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.ooBInline</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the socket OOBINLINE setting. JVM default
+        used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soReuseAddress</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the sockets reuse address option
+        (SO_REUSEADDR). JVM default used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soLingerOn</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the sockets so linger option (SO_LINGER).
+        A value for the standard attribute <strong>connectionLinger</strong>
+        that is &gt;=0 is equivalent to setting this to <code>true</code>.
+        A value for the standard attribute <strong>connectionLinger</strong>
+        that is &lt;0 is equivalent to setting this to <code>false</code>.
+        Both this attribute and <code>soLingerTime</code> must be set else the
+        JVM defaults will be used for both.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soLingerTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Value in seconds for the sockets so linger option (SO_LINGER).
+        This is equivalent to standard attribute
+        <strong>connectionLinger</strong>.
+        Both this attribute and <code>soLingerOn</code> must be set else the
+        JVM defaults will be used for both.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This is equivalent to standard attribute
+        <strong>connectionTimeout</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.performanceConnectionTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The first value for the performance settings. See
+        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
+        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
+        be used for all three.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.performanceLatency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The second value for the performance settings. See
+        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
+        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
+        be used for all three.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.performanceBandwidth</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The third value for the performance settings. See
+        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
+        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
+        be used for all three.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.unlockTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int) The timeout for a socket unlock. When a connector is stopped, it will try to release the acceptor thread by opening a connector to itself.
+           The default value is <code>250</code> and the value is in milliseconds</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="NIO specific configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="NIO_specific_configuration"><strong>NIO specific configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following attributes are specific to the NIO connector.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.directBuffer</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value, whether to use direct ByteBuffers or java mapped
+        ByteBuffers. Default is <code>false</code>.<br>
+        When you are using direct buffers, make sure you allocate the
+        appropriate amount of memory for the direct memory space. On Sun's JDK
+        that would be something like <code>-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=256m</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.appReadBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Each connection that is opened up in Tomcat get associated with
+        a read ByteBuffer. This attribute controls the size of this buffer. By
+        default this read buffer is sized at <code>8192</code> bytes. For lower
+        concurrency, you can increase this to buffer more data. For an extreme
+        amount of keep alive connections, decrease this number or increase your
+        heap size.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.appWriteBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Each connection that is opened up in Tomcat get associated with
+        a write ByteBuffer. This attribute controls the size of this buffer. By
+        default this write buffer is sized at <code>8192</code> bytes. For low
+        concurrency you can increase this to buffer more response data. For an
+        extreme amount of keep alive connections, decrease this number or
+        increase your heap size.<br>
+        The default value here is pretty low, you should up it if you are not
+        dealing with tens of thousands concurrent connections.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.bufferPool</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The NIO connector uses a class called NioChannel that holds
+        elements linked to a socket. To reduce garbage collection, the NIO
+        connector caches these channel objects. This value specifies the size of
+        this cache. The default value is <code>500</code>, and represents that
+        the cache will hold 500 NioChannel objects. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.bufferPoolSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The NioChannel pool can also be size based, not used object
+        based. The size is calculated as follows:<br>
+        NioChannel
+        <code>buffer size = read buffer size + write buffer size</code><br>
+        SecureNioChannel <code>buffer size = application read buffer size +
+        application write buffer size + network read buffer size +
+        network write buffer size</code><br>
+        The value is in bytes, the default value is <code>1024*1024*100</code>
+        (100MB).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.processorCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache SocketProcessor objects to reduce garbage
+        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
+        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.keyCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache KeyAttachment objects to reduce garbage
+        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
+        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.eventCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache PollerEvent objects to reduce garbage
+        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
+        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">selectorPool.maxSelectors</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The max selectors to be used in the pool, to reduce selector
+        contention. Use this option when the command line
+        <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared</code> value is set
+        to false. Default value is <code>200</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">selectorPool.maxSpareSelectors</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The max spare selectors to be used in the pool, to reduce
+        selector contention. When a selector is returned to the pool, the system
+        can decide to keep it or let it be GC'd. Use this option when the
+        command line <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared</code>
+        value is set to false. Default value is <code>-1</code> (unlimited).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">command-line-options</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The following command line options are available for the NIO
+        connector:<br>
+        <code>-Dorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared=true|false</code>
+        - default is <code>true</code>. Set this value to <code>false</code> if you wish to
+        use a selector for each thread. When you set it to <code>false</code>, you can
+        control the size of the pool of selectors by using the
+        <strong>selectorPool.maxSelectors</strong> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR/native specific configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="APR/native_specific_configuration"><strong>APR/native specific configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The APR/native implementation supports the following attributes in
+    addition to the common Connector and AJP attributes listed above.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pollTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Duration of a poll call in microseconds. Lowering this value will
+        slightly decrease latency of connections being kept alive in some cases
+        , but will use more CPU as more poll calls are being made. The default
+        value is 2000 (2ms).
+        </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pollerSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Amount of sockets that the poller responsible for polling kept alive
+      connections can hold at a given time. Extra connections will be closed
+      right away. The default value is 8192, corresponding to 8192 keep-alive
+      connections.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>None at this time.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Proxy Support"><!--()--></a><a name="Proxy_Support"><strong>Proxy Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <code>proxyName</code> and <code>proxyPort</code> attributes can
+  be used when Tomcat is run behind a proxy server.  These attributes
+  modify the values returned to web applications that call the
+  <code>request.getServerName()</code> and <code>request.getServerPort()</code>
+  methods, which are often used to construct absolute URLs for redirects.
+  Without configuring these attributes, the values returned would reflect
+  the server name and port on which the connection from the proxy server
+  was received, rather than the server name and port to whom the client
+  directed the original request.</p>
+
+  <p>For more information, see the
+  <a href="../proxy-howto.html">Proxy Support HOW-TO</a>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Connector Comparison"><!--()--></a><a name="Connector_Comparison"><strong>Connector Comparison</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Below is a small chart that shows how the connectors differentiate.</p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+                       Java Blocking Connector   Java Nio Blocking Connector   APR/native Connector
+                                 BIO                         NIO                       APR
+    Classname                AjpProtocol               AjpNioProtocol           AjpAprProtocol
+    Tomcat Version           3.x onwards                 7.x onwards              5.5.x onwards
+    Support Polling              NO                          YES                       YES
+    Polling Size                 N/A                   maxConnections             maxConnections
+    Read Request Headers      Blocking                  Sim Blocking                   Blocking
+    Read Request Body         Blocking                  Sim Blocking                   Blocking
+    Write Response            Blocking                  Sim Blocking                   Blocking
+    Wait for next Request     Blocking                  Non Blocking               Non Blocking
+    Max Connections        maxConnections              maxConnections             maxConnections
+
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
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+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster-channel.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-channel.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30f6c07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-channel.html
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Cluster Channel object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Cluster Channel object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  The cluster channel is the main component of a small framework we've nicknamed Apache Tribes.<br>
+  The channel manages a set of sub components and together they create a group communication framework.<br>
+  This framework is then used internally by the components that need to send messages between different Tomcat instances.
+  <br>
+  A few examples of these components would be the SimpleTcpCluster that does the messaging for the DeltaManager,
+  or the BackupManager that uses a different replication strategy. The ReplicatedContext object does also
+  use the channel object to communicate context attribute changes.
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a>:</b> <br>
+    The Membership component is responsible for auto discovering new nodes in the cluster
+    and also to provide for notifications for any nodes that have not responded with a heartbeat.
+    The default implementation uses multicast.<br>
+    In the membership component you configure how your nodes, aka. members, are to be discovered and/or
+    divided up.
+    You can always find out more about <a href="../tribes/introduction.html">Apache Tribes</a>
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a>:</b> <br>
+    The Sender component manages all outbound connections and data messages that are sent
+    over the network from one node to another.
+    This component allows messages to be sent in parallel.
+    The default implementation uses TCP client sockets, and socket tuning for outgoing messages are
+    configured here.<br>
+    You can always find out more about <a href="../tribes/introduction.html">Apache Tribes</a>
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-sender.html#transport">Channel/Sender/Transport</a>:</b> <br>
+    The Transport component is the bottom IO layer for the sender component.
+    The default implementation uses non-blocking TCP client sockets.<br>
+    You can always find out more about <a href="../tribes/introduction.html">Apache Tribes</a>
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a>:</b> <br>
+    The receiver component listens for messages from other nodes.
+    Here you will configure the cluster thread pool, as it will dispatch incoming
+    messages to a thread pool for faster processing.
+    The default implementation uses non-blocking TCP server sockets.<br>
+    You can always find out more about <a href="../tribes/introduction.html">Apache Tribes</a>
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a>:</b> <br>
+    The channel will send messages through an interceptor stack. Because of this, you have the ability to
+    customize the way messages are sent and received, and even how membership is handled.<br>
+    You can always find out more about <a href="../tribes/introduction.html">Apache Tribes</a>
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The default value here is <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel</code> and is
+       currently the only implementation available.
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
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+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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+                  else {
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+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster-deployer.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-deployer.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1c6be6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-deployer.html
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Cluster Deployer object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Cluster Deployer object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer">org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer</a><ol><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>The Farm War Deployer can deploy and undeploy web applications on the other
+  nodes in the cluster.</p>
+  <p><strong>Note: </strong>FarmWarDeployer can be configured at host level
+  cluster only.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"><strong>org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The cluster deployer class, currently only one is available,
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer.</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">deployDir</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Deployment directory. This is the pathname of a directory where deploy
+        the web applications. You may specify an absolute pathname, or a
+        pathname that is relative to the $CATALINA_BASE directory. In the
+        current implementation, this attribute must be the same value as the
+        <strong>Host's appBase</strong>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">tempDir</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The temporaryDirectory to store binary data when downloading a war from
+        the cluster. You may specify an absolute pathname, or a pathname that is
+        relative to the $CATALINA_BASE directory.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">watchDir</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        This is the pathname of a directory where watch for changes(add/modify/remove)
+        of web applications. You may specify an absolute pathname, or a pathname
+        that is relative to the $CATALINA_BASE directory.
+        <strong>Note: </strong> if <strong>watchEnabled</strong> is false, this
+        attribute will have no effect.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">watchEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Set to true if you want to watch for changes of web applications.
+        Only when this attribute set to true, you can trigger a deploy/undeploy
+        of web applications. The flag's value defaults to false.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processDeployFrequency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Frequency of the Farm watchDir check. Cluster wide deployment will be
+        done once for the specified amount of backgrondProcess calls (ie, the
+        lower the amount, the most often the checks will occur). The minimum
+        value is 1, and the default value is 2.
+        <strong>Note: </strong> if <strong>watchEnabled</strong> is false, this
+        attribute will have no effect.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxValidTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The maximum valid time(in seconds) of FileMessageFactory.
+        FileMessageFactory will be removed immediately after receiving the
+        complete WAR file but when failing to receive a FileMessage which was
+        sent dividing, FileMessageFactory will leak without being removed.
+        FileMessageFactory that is leaking will be automatically removed after
+        maxValidTime. If a negative value specified, FileMessageFactory will
+        never be removed. If the attribute is not provided, a default of 300
+        seconds (5 minutes) is used.
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Channel Interceptor object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Channel Interceptor object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Available_Interceptors">Available Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="#Static_Membership">Static Membership</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.DomainFilterInterceptor_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.DomainFilterInterceptor Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatchInterceptor_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatchInterceptor Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpPingInterceptor_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpPingInterceptor Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Nested_element_StaticMember_Attributes">Nested element StaticMember Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+  Apache Tribes supports an interceptor architecture to intercept both messages and membership notifications.
+  This architecture allows decoupling of logic and opens the way for some very kewl feature add ons.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Available Interceptors"><!--()--></a><a name="Available_Interceptors"><strong>Available Interceptors</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <p>
+   <ul>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatchInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.NonBlockingCoordinator</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.OrderInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.SimpleCoordinator</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.StaticMembershipInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TwoPhaseCommitInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.DomainFilterInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.FragmentationInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.GzipInterceptor</code></li>
+    <li><code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpPingInterceptor</code></li>
+   </ul>
+ </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Static Membership"><!--()--></a><a name="Static_Membership"><strong>Static Membership</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+   In addition to dynamic discovery, Apache Tribes also supports static membership, with membership verification.
+   To achieve this add the <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.StaticMembershipInterceptor</code>
+   underneath the <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector</code> interceptor.
+   Inside the <code>StaticMembershipInterceptor</code> you can add the static members you wish to have.
+   The <code>TcpFailureDetector</code> will do a health check on the static members,and also monitor them for crashes
+   so they will have the same level of notification mechanism as the members that are automatically discovered.
+   <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+     &lt;Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.StaticMembershipInterceptor"&gt;
+       &lt;Member className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.StaticMember"
+                  port="5678"
+                  securePort="-1"
+                  host="tomcat01.mydomain.com"
+                  domain="staging-cluster"
+                  uniqueId="{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}"/&gt;
+     &lt;/Interceptor&gt;
+
+   </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Required, as there is no default
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">optionFlag</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       If you want the interceptor to trigger on certain message depending on the message's option flag,
+       you can setup the interceptors flag here.
+       The default value is <code>0</code>, meaning this interceptor will trigger on all messages.
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.DomainFilterInterceptor Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.DomainFilterInterceptor_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.DomainFilterInterceptor Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">domain</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The logical cluster domain that this Interceptor accepts.
+       Two different type of values are possible:<br>
+       1. Regular string values like "staging-domain" or "tomcat-cluster" will be converted into bytes
+       using ISO-8859-1 encoding.<br>
+       2. byte array in string form, for example {216,123,12,3}<br>
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Required, This dispatcher uses JDK 1.5 java.util.concurrent package
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">optionFlag</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The default and hard coded value is <code>8 (org.apache.catalina.tribes.Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_ASYNCHRONOUS)</code>.
+       The dispatcher will trigger on this value only, as it is predefined by Tribes.
+       The other attributes are inherited from its base class <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatchInterceptor</code>.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The maximum number of threads in this pool, default is 10.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxSpareThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The number of threads to keep in the pool, default is 2.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keepAliveTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Maximum number of milliseconds of until Idle thread terminates. Default value is 5000(5 seconds).
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatchInterceptor Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatchInterceptor_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatchInterceptor Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Required, Same implementation as <code>MessageDispatch15Interceptor</code>, but with JDK 1.4 compliance.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">optionFlag</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The default and hard coded value is <code>8 (org.apache.catalina.tribes.Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_ASYNCHRONOUS)</code>.
+       The dispatcher will trigger on this value only, as it is predefined by Tribes.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">alwaysSend</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       What behavior should be executed when the dispatch queue is full. If <code>true</code> (default), then the message is
+       is sent synchronously, if <code>false</code> an error is thrown.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxQueueSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Size in bytes of the dispatch queue, the default value is <code> 1024*1024*64 (64MB)</code> sets the maximum queue size for the dispatch queue
+       if the queue fills up, one can trigger the behavior, if <code>alwaysSend</code> is set to true, the message will be sent synchronously
+       if the flag is false, an error is thrown
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Specifies the timeout, in milliseconds, to use when attempting a TCP connection
+       to the suspect node. Default is 1000.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">performSendTest</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       If true is set, send a test message to the suspect node. Default is true.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">performReadTest</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       If true is set, read the response of the test message that sent. Default is false.
+       <strong>Note: </strong>if <code>performSendTest</code> is false, this attribute will have no effect.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">readTestTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Specifies the timeout, in milliseconds, to use when performing a read test
+       to the suspicious node. Default is 5000.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">removeSuspectsTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The maximum time(in seconds)  for remove from removeSuspects. Member of
+       removeSuspects will be automatically removed after removeSuspectsTimeout.
+       If a negative value specified, the removeSuspects members never be
+       removed until disappeared really. If the attribute is not provided,
+       a default of 300 milliseconds (5 minutes) is used.
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpPingInterceptor Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpPingInterceptor_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpPingInterceptor Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">interval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       If useThread == true, defines the interval of sending a ping message.
+       default is 1000 ms.
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useThread</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Flag of whether to start a thread for sending a ping message.
+       If set to true, this interceptor will start a local thread for sending a ping message.
+       if set to false, channel heartbeat will send a ping message.
+       default is false.
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">interval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Defines the interval in number of messages when we are to report the throughput statistics.
+       The report is logged to the <code>org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.getLog(ThroughputInterceptor.class)</code>
+       logger under the <code>INFO</code> level.
+       Default value is to report every <code>10000</code> messages.
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested element StaticMember Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_element_StaticMember_Attributes"><strong>Nested element StaticMember Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Only one implementation available:<code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.StaticMember</code>
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">port</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The port that this static member listens to for cluster messages
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securePort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The secure port this static member listens to for encrypted cluster messages
+       default value is <code>-1</code>, this value means the member is not listening on a secure port
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">host</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The host (or network interface) that this static member listens for cluster messages.
+       Three different type of values are possible:<br>
+       1. IP address in the form of "216.123.1.23"<br>
+       2. Hostnames like "tomcat01.mydomain.com" or "tomcat01" as long as they resolve correctly<br>
+       3. byte array in string form, for example {216,123,12,3}<br>
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">domain</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The logical cluster domain for this this static member listens for cluster messages.
+       Two different type of values are possible:<br>
+       1. Regular string values like "staging-domain" or "tomcat-cluster" will be converted into bytes
+       using ISO-8859-1 encoding.
+       2. byte array in string form, for example {216,123,12,3}<br>
+     </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">uniqueId</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       A universally uniqueId for this static member.
+       The values must be 16 bytes in the following form:<br>
+       1. byte array in string form, for example {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15}<br>
+     </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster-listener.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-listener.html
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-listener.html
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The ClusterListener object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The ClusterListener object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener">org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener">org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    The <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.ClusterListener</code> base class
+    lets you listen in on messages that are received by the <code>Cluster</code> component.
+  </p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"><strong>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+   When using the DeltaManager, the messages are received by the Cluster object and are propagated to the
+   to the manager through this listener.
+   </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"><strong>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+   Listens for session Id changes. This listener is only used if you are using mod_jk
+   along with the <code>jvmRoute</code> attribute where the session Id can change.
+   In the event of a change, the <code>JvmRouteBinderValve</code> will broadcast the
+   session change and it will get picked up by this listener.
+   </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster-manager.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-manager.html
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-manager.html
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The ClusterManager object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The ClusterManager object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#The_<Manager>">The &lt;Manager&gt;</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager_Attributes">org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>A cluster manager is an extension to Tomcat's session manager interface,
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.Manager</code>.
+  A cluster manager must implement the
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.ClusterManager</code> and is solely  responsible
+  for how the session is replicated.<br>
+  There are currently two different managers, the
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager</code> replicates deltas of
+  session data to all members in the cluster. This implementation is proven and
+  works very well, but has a limitation as it requires the cluster members to be
+  homogeneous, all nodes must deploy the same applications and be exact
+  replicas. The <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager</code> also
+  replicates deltas but only to one backup node. The location of the backup node
+  is known to all nodes in the cluster. It also supports heterogeneous
+  deployments, so the manager knows at what locations the web application is
+  deployed.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="The <Manager>"><!--()--></a><a name="The_<Manager>"><strong>The &lt;Manager&gt;</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>The <code>&lt;Manager&gt;</code> element defined inside the
+  <code>&lt;Cluster&gt;</code> element is the template defined for all web
+  applications that are marked <code>&lt;distributable/&gt;</code> in their
+  <code>web.xml</code> file. However, you can still override the manager
+  implementation on a per web application basis, by putting the
+  <code>&lt;Manager&gt;</code> inside the <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> element
+  either in the <code><a href="context.html">context.xml</a></code> file or the
+  <code><a href="index.html">server.xml</a></code> file.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">name</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <b>The name of this cluster manager, the name is used to identify a
+        session manager on a node. The name might get modified by the
+        <code>Cluster</code> element to make it unique in the container.</b>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">notifyListenersOnReplication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Set to <code>true</code> if you wish to have session listeners notified
+        when session attributes are being replicated or removed across Tomcat
+        nodes in the cluster.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">expireSessionsOnShutdown</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        When a web application is being shutdown, Tomcat issues an expire call
+        to each session to notify all the listeners. If you wish for all
+        sessions to expire on all nodes when a shutdown occurs on one node, set
+        this value to <code>true</code>. Default value is <code>false</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionAttributeFilter</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        A regular expression used to filter, which session attributes will
+        be replicated. An attribute will only be replicated, if its name
+        matches this pattern. If the pattern is not set (default), all
+        attributes are eligible for replication. As an example, the value
+        <code>^(userName|sessionHistory)$</code> will only replicate the two
+        session attributes named <code>userName</code> and
+        <code>sessionHistory</code>.
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">expireSessionsOnShutdown</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        When a web application is being shutdown, Tomcat issues an expire call
+        to each session to notify all the listeners. If you wish for all
+        sessions to expire on all nodes when a shutdown occurs on one node, set
+        this value to <code>true</code>.
+        Default value is <code>false</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxActiveSessions</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The maximum number of active sessions that will be created by this
+        Manager, or -1 (the default) for no limit. For this manager, all
+        sessions are counted as active sessions irrespective if whether or not
+        the current node is the primary node for the session.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">notifySessionListenersOnReplication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Set to <code>true</code> if you wish to have session listeners notified
+        when sessions are created and expired across Tomcat nodes in the
+        cluster.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">notifyContainerListenersOnReplication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Set to <code>true</code> if you wish to have container listeners notified
+        across Tomcat nodes in the cluster.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">stateTransferTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The time in seconds to wait for a session state transfer to complete
+        from another node when a node is starting up.
+        Default value is <code>60</code> seconds.
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager_Attributes"><strong>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">mapSendOptions</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The backup manager uses a replicated map, this map is sending and
+        receiving messages. You can setup the flag for how this map is sending
+        messages, the default value is <code>6</code>(synchronous).<br>
+        Note that if you use asynchronous messaging it is possible for update
+        messages for a session to be processed by the receiving node in a
+        different order to the order in which they were sent.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxActiveSessions</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The maximum number of active sessions that will be created by this
+        Manager, or -1 (the default) for no limit. For this manager, only
+        sessions where the current node is the primary node for the session are
+        considered active sessions.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">rpcTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Timeout for RPC message used for broadcast and transfer state from
+        another map.
+        Default value is <code>15000</code> milliseconds.
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster-membership.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-membership.html
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Cluster Membership object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Cluster Membership object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Default_Implementation">Default Implementation</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Multicast_Attributes">Multicast Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    The membership component in the Apache Tribes <a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a> is responsible
+    for dynamic discovery of other members(nodes) in the cluster.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Default Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Default_Implementation"><strong>Default Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    The default implementation of the cluster group notification is built on top of multicast heartbeats
+    sent using UDP packets to a multicast IP address.
+    Cluster members are grouped together by using the same multicast address/port combination.
+    Each member sends out a heartbeat with a given interval (<code>frequency</code>), and this
+    heartbeat is used for dynamic discovery.
+    In a similar fashion, if a heartbeat has not been received in a timeframe specified by <code>dropTime</code>
+    ms. a member is considered suspect and the channel and any membership listener will be notified.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Multicast Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Multicast_Attributes"><strong>Multicast Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      The default value is <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService</code>
+      and is currently the only implementation.
+      This implementation uses multicast heartbeats for member discovery.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">address</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      The multicast address that the membership will broadcast its presence and listen
+      for other heartbeats on. The default value is <code>228.0.0.4</code>
+      Make sure your network is enabled for multicast traffic.<br>
+      The multicast address, in conjunction with the <code>port</code> is what
+      creates a cluster group. To divide up your farm into several different group, or to
+      split up QA from production, change the <code>port</code> or the <code>address</code>
+      <br>Previously known as mcastAddr.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">port</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      The multicast port, the default value is <code>45564</code><br>
+      The multicast port, in conjunction with the <code>address</code> is what
+      creates a cluster group. To divide up your farm into several different group, or to
+      split up QA from production, change the <code>port</code> or the <code>address</code>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">frequency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      The frequency in milliseconds in which heartbeats are sent out. The default value is <code>500</code> ms.<br>
+      In most cases the default value is sufficient. Changing this value, simply changes the interval in between heartbeats.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">dropTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      The membership component will time out members and notify the Channel if a member fails to send a heartbeat within
+      a give time. The default value is <code>3000</code> ms. This means, that if a heartbeat is not received from a
+      member in that timeframe, the membership component will notify the cluster of this.<br>
+      On a high latency network you may wish to increase this value, to protect against false positives.<br>
+      Apache Tribes also provides a <a href="cluster-interceptor.html#tcpfailuredetector"><code>TcpFailureDetector</code></a> that will
+      verify a timeout using a TCP connection when a heartbeat timeout has occurred. This protects against false positives.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">bind</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      Use this attribute if you wish to bind your multicast traffic to a specific network interface.
+      By default, or when this attribute is unset, it tries to bind to <code>0.0.0.0</code> and sometimes on multihomed hosts
+      this becomes a problem.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ttl</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      The time-to-live setting for the multicast heartbeats.
+      This setting should be a value between 0 and 255. The default value is VM implementation specific.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">domain</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      Apache Tribes has the ability to logically group members into domains, by using this domain attribute.
+      The <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.Member.getDomain()</code> method returns the value specified here.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      The sending and receiving of heartbeats is done on a single thread, hence to avoid blocking this thread forever,
+      you can control the <code>SO_TIMEOUT</code> value on this socket.<br>
+      If a value smaller or equal to 0 is presented, the code will default this value to frequency
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">recoveryEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      In case of a network failure, Java multicast socket don't transparently fail over, instead the socket will continuously
+      throw IOException upon each receive request. When recoveryEnabled is set to true, this will close the multicast socket
+      and open a new socket with the same properties as defined above.<br>
+      The default is <code>true</code>. <br>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">recoveryCounter</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      When <code>recoveryEnabled==true</code> this value indicates how many
+      times an error has to occur before recovery is attempted. The default is
+      <code>10</code>. <br>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">recoverySleepTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      When <code>recoveryEnabled==true</code> this value indicates how long time (in milliseconds)
+      the system will sleep in between recovery attempts, until we either recovered successfully or we have reached the
+      recoveryCounter limit.
+      The default is <code>5000</code> (5 seconds). <br>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">localLoopbackDisabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+      Membership uses multicast, it will call <code>java.net.MulticastSocket.setLoopbackMode(localLoopbackDisabled)</code>.
+      When <code>localLoopbackDisabled==true</code> multicast messages will not reach other nodes on the same local machine.
+      The default is <code>false</code>. <br>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster-receiver.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-receiver.html
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@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Cluster Receiver object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Cluster Receiver object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Blocking_vs_Non-Blocking_Receiver">Blocking vs Non-Blocking Receiver</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#NioReceiver">NioReceiver</a></li><li><a href="#BioReceiver">BioReceiver</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+  The receiver component is responsible for receiving cluster messages.
+  As you might notice through the configuration, is that the receiving of messages
+  and sending of messages are two different components, this is different from many other
+  frameworks, but there is a good reason for it, to decouple the logic for how messages are sent from
+  how messages are received.<br>
+  The receiver is very much like the Tomcat Connector, its the base of the thread pool
+  for incoming cluster messages. The receiver is straight forward, but all the socket settings
+  for incoming traffic are managed here.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Blocking vs Non-Blocking Receiver"><!--()--></a><a name="Blocking_vs_Non-Blocking_Receiver"><strong>Blocking vs Non-Blocking Receiver</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+  The receiver supports both a non blocking, <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver</code>, and a
+  blocking, <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.bio.BioReceiver</code>. It is preferred to use the non blocking receiver
+  to be able to grow your cluster without running into thread starvation.<br>
+  Using the non blocking receiver allows you to with a very limited thread count to serve a large number of messages.
+  Usually the rule is to use 1 thread per node in the cluster for small clusters, and then depending on your message frequency
+  and your hardware, you'll find an optimal number of threads peak out at a certain number.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The implementation of the receiver component. Two implementations available,
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver</code> and
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.bio.BioReceiver</code>.<br>
+      The <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver</code> is the
+      preferred implementation
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">address</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The address (network interface) to listen for incoming traffic.
+      Same as the bind address. The default value is <code>auto</code> and translates to
+      <code>java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress()</code>.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">direct</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+      Set to true if you want the receiver to use direct bytebuffers when reading data
+      from the sockets.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">port</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The listen port for incoming data. The default value is <code>4000</code>.
+      To avoid port conflicts the receiver will automatically bind to a free port within the range of
+      <code> port &lt;= bindPort &lt; port+autoBind</code>
+      So for example, if port is 4000, and autoBind is set to 10, then the receiver will open up
+      a server socket on the first available port in the range 4000-4009.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">autoBind</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      Default value is <code>100</code>.
+      Use this value if you wish to automatically avoid port conflicts the cluster receiver will try to open a
+      server socket on the <code>port</code> attribute port, and then work up <code>autoBind</code> number of times.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securePort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The secure listen port. This port is SSL enabled. If this attribute is omitted no SSL port is opened up.
+      There default value is unset, meaning there is no SSL socket available.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">udpPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The UDP listen port. If this attribute is omitted no UDP port is opened up.
+      There default value is unset, meaning there is no UDP listener available.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">selectorTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The value in milliseconds for the polling timeout in the <code>NioReceiver</code>. On older versions of the JDK
+      there have been bugs, that should all now be cleared out where the selector never woke up.
+      The default value is a very high <code>5000</code> milliseconds.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The maximum number of threads in the receiver thread pool. The default value is <code>6</code>
+      Adjust this value relative to the number of nodes in the cluster, the number of messages being exchanged and
+      the hardware you are running on. A higher value doesn't mean more efficiency, tune this value according to your
+      own test results.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      Minimum number of threads to be created when the receiver is started up. Default value is <code>6</code>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ooBInline</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      Boolean value for the socket OOBINLINE option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">rxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The receiver buffer size on the receiving sockets. Value is in bytes, the default value is <code>43800</code> bytes.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">txBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      The sending buffer size on the receiving sockets. Value is in bytes, the default value is <code>25188</code> bytes.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">udpRxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The receive buffer size on the datagram socket.
+        Default value is <code>25188</code> bytes.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">udpTxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The send buffer size on the datagram socket.
+       Default value is <code>43800</code> bytes.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soKeepAlive</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      Boolean value for the socket SO_KEEPALIVE option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soLingerOn</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      Boolean value to determine whether to use the SO_LINGER socket option.
+      Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>. Default value is <code>true</code>.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soLingerTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      Sets the SO_LINGER socket option time value. The value is in seconds.
+      The default value is <code>3</code> seconds.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soReuseAddress</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+     Boolean value for the socket SO_REUSEADDR option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tcpNoDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+     Boolean value for the socket TCP_NODELAY option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+     The default value is <code>true</code>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">timeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+     Sets the SO_TIMEOUT option on the socket. The value is in milliseconds and the default value is <code>3000</code>
+     milliseconds.
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useBufferPool</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+     Boolean value whether to use a shared buffer pool of cached <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.io.XByteBuffer</code>
+     objects. If set to true, the XByteBuffer that is used to pass a message up the channel, will be recycled at the end
+     of the requests. This means that interceptors in the channel must not maintain a reference to the object
+     after the <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.ChannelInterceptor#messageReceived</code> method has exited.
+    </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="NioReceiver"><strong>NioReceiver</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="BioReceiver"><strong>BioReceiver</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
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+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Cluster Sender object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Concurrent_Parallel_Delivery">Concurrent Parallel Delivery</a></li><li><a href="#Nested_Elements">Nested Elements</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Sender_Attributes">Common Sender Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Common_Transport_Attributes">Common Transport Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Common_PooledSender_Attributes">Common PooledSender Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+  The channel sender component is responsible for delivering outgoing cluster messages over the network.
+  In the default implementation, <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter</code>,
+  the sender is a fairly empty shell with not much logic around a fairly complex <code>&lt;Transport&gt;</code>
+  component the implements the actual delivery mechanism.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Concurrent Parallel Delivery"><!--()--></a><a name="Concurrent_Parallel_Delivery"><strong>Concurrent Parallel Delivery</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+  In the default <code>transport</code> implementation, <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender</code>,
+  Apache Tribes implements what we like to call "Concurrent Parallel Delivery".
+  This means that we can send a message to more than one destination at the same time(parallel), and
+  deliver two messages to the same destination at the same time(concurrent). Combine these two and we have
+  "Concurrent Parallel Delivery".
+  </p>
+  <p>
+  When is this useful? The simplest example we can think of is when part of your code is sending a 10MB message,
+  like a war file being deployed, and you need to push through a small 10KB message, say a session being replicated,
+  you don't have to wait for the 10MB message to finish, as a separate thread will push in the small message
+  transmission at the same time. Currently there is no interrupt, pause or priority mechanism available, but check back soon.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Elements"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Elements"><strong>Nested Elements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+ <p>
+   The nested element <code>&lt;Transport&gt;</code> is is not required, by encouraged, as this is where
+   you would set all the socket options for the outgoing messages. Please see its attributes below.
+   There are two implementations, in a similar manner to the <a href="cluster-receiver.html">receiver</a>, one is non-blocking
+   based and the other is built using blocking IO. <br>
+   <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.bio.PooledMultiSender</code> is the blocking implementation and
+   <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender</code>.
+   Parallel delivery is not available for the blocking implementation due to the fact that it is blocking a thread on sending data.
+ </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Sender Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Sender_Attributes"><strong>Common Sender Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Required, only available implementation is <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter</code>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Transport Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Transport_Attributes"><strong>Common Transport Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Required, an implementation of the <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.MultiPointSender</code>.<br>
+        Non-blocking implementation is <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender</code><br>
+        Blocking implementation is <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.bio.PooledMultiSender</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">rxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The receive buffer size on the socket.
+        Default value is <code>25188</code> bytes.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">txBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The send buffer size on the socket.
+       Default value is <code>43800</code> bytes.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">udpRxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The receive buffer size on the datagram socket.
+        Default value is <code>25188</code> bytes.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">udpTxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The send buffer size on the datagram socket.
+       Default value is <code>43800</code> bytes.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">directBuffer</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+       Set to true if you want the receiver to use direct bytebuffers when writing data
+       to the sockets. Default value is <code>false</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keepAliveCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The number of requests that can go through the socket before the socket is closed, and reopened
+       for the next request. The default value is <code>-1</code>, which is unlimited.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keepAliveTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       The number of milliseconds a connection is kept open after its been opened.
+       The default value is <code>-1</code>, which is unlimited.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">timeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Sets the SO_TIMEOUT option on the socket. The value is in milliseconds and the default value is <code>3000</code>
+        milliseconds.(3 seconds) This timeout starts when a message send attempt is starting, until the transfer has been completed.
+        For the NIO sockets, this will mean, that the caller can guarantee that we will not attempt sending the message
+        longer than this timeout value. For the blocking IO implementation, this translated directly to the soTimeout.<br>
+        A timeout will not spawn a retry attempt, in order to guarantee the return of the application thread.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxRetryAttempts</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        How many times do we retry a failed message, that received a IOException at the socket level.
+        The default value is <code>1</code>, meaning we will retry a message that has failed once.
+        In other words, we will attempt a message send no more than twice. One is the original send, and one is the
+        <code>maxRetryAttempts</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ooBInline</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Boolean value for the socket OOBINLINE option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soKeepAlive</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Boolean value for the socket SO_KEEPALIVE option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soLingerOn</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Boolean value to determine whether to use the SO_LINGER socket option.
+        Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>. Default value is <code>true</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soLingerTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Sets the SO_LINGER socket option time value. The value is in seconds.
+        The default value is <code>3</code> seconds.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soReuseAddress</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Boolean value for the socket SO_REUSEADDR option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">soTrafficClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Sets the traffic class level for the socket, the value is between 0 and 255.
+       Default value is <code>int soTrafficClass = 0x04 | 0x08 | 0x010;</code>
+       Different values are defined in <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setTrafficClass(int)">
+       java.net.Socket#setTrafficClass(int)</a>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tcpNoDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Boolean value for the socket TCP_NODELAY option. Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>.
+       The default value is <code>true</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">throwOnFailedAck</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       Boolean value, default value is <code>true</code>.
+       If set to true, the sender will throw a <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.RemoteProcessException</code>
+       when we receive a negative ack from the remote member.
+       Set to false, and Tribes will treat a positive ack the same way as a negative ack, that the message was received.
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common PooledSender Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_PooledSender_Attributes"><strong>Common PooledSender Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">poolSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The maximum number of concurrent connections from A to B.
+        The value is based on a per-destination count.
+        The default value is <code>25</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxWait</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        The maximum number of milliseconds that the senderPool will wait when
+        there are no available senders. The default value is <code>3000</code>
+        milliseconds.(3 seconds).
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster-valve.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster-valve.html
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Cluster Valve object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
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+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
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+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Cluster Valve object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve">org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve</a><ol><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve">org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve</a><ol><li><a href="#org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+  A cluster valve is no different from any other <a href="valve.html">Tomcat <code>Valve</code></a>.
+  The cluster valves are interceptors in the invocation chain for HTTP requests, and the clustering implementation
+  uses these valves to make intelligent decision around data and when data should be replicated.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+  A cluster valve must implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.ClusterValve</code> interface.
+  This is a simple interface that extends the <code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code> interface.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"><strong>org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  The <code>ReplicationValve</code> will notify the cluster at the end of a HTTP request
+  so that the cluster can make a decision whether there is data to be replicated or not.
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Set value to <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">filter</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        For known file extensions or urls, you can use this Valve to notify the
+        cluster that the session has not been modified during this  request and
+        the cluster doesn't have to probe the session managers for changes. If
+        the request matches this filter pattern, the cluster assumes there has
+        been no session change. An example filter would look like <code>
+        filter=".*\.gif|.*\.js|.*\.jpeg|.*\.jpg|.*\.png|.*\.htm|.*\.html|.*\.css|.*\.txt"
+        </code>. The filter is a regular expression using
+        <code>java.util.regex</code>.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">primaryIndicator</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Boolean value, so to true, and the replication valve will insert a request attribute with the name
+        defined by the <code>primaryIndicatorName</code> attribute.
+        The value inserted into the request attribute is either <code>Boolean.TRUE</code> or
+        <code>Boolean.FALSE</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">primaryIndicatorName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Default value is <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.isPrimarySession</code>
+        The value defined here is the name of the request attribute that contains the boolean value
+        if the session is primary on this server or not.
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">statistics</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Boolean value. Set to <code>true</code> if you want the valve to collect request statistics.
+        Default value is <code>false</code>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"><strong>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  In case of a mod_jk failover, the <code>JvmRouteBinderValve</code> will replace the
+  <code>jvmWorker</code> attribute in the session Id, to make future requests stick to this
+  node. If you want failback capability, don't enable this valve, but if you want your failover to stick,
+  and for mod_jk not to have to keep probing the node that went down, you use this valve.
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve</code>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">enabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        Default value is <code>true</code>
+        Runtime attribute to turn on and off turn over of the session's jvmRoute value.
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/cluster.html b/webapps/docs/config/cluster.html
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@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Cluster object</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Cluster object</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Engine_vs_Host_placement">Engine vs Host placement</a></li><li><a href="#Context_Attribute_Replication">Context Attribute Replication</a></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Deprecated_configuration_options">Deprecated configuration options</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#SimpleTcpCluster_Attributes">SimpleTcpCluster Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+  The tomcat cluster implementation provides session replication, context attribute replication and
+  cluster wide WAR file deployment.
+  While the <code>Cluster</code> configuration is fairly complex, the default configuration will work
+  for most people out of the box. </p><p>
+  The Tomcat Cluster implementation is very extensible, and hence we have exposed a myriad of options,
+  making the configuration seem like a lot, but don't lose faith, instead you have a tremendous control
+  over what is going on.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Engine vs Host placement"><!--()--></a><a name="Engine_vs_Host_placement"><strong>Engine vs Host placement</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+   You can place the <code>&lt;Cluster&gt;</code> element inside either the <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code>
+   container or the <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code> container.<br>
+   Placing it in the engine, means that you will support clustering in all virtual hosts of Tomcat,
+   and share the messaging component. When you place the <code>&lt;Cluster&gt;</code> inside the <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code>
+   element, the cluster will append the host name of each session manager to the managers name so that two contexts with
+   the same name but sitting inside two different hosts will be distinguishable.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context Attribute Replication"><!--()--></a><a name="Context_Attribute_Replication"><strong>Context Attribute Replication</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>To configure context attribute replication, simply do this by swapping out the context implementation
+  used for your application context.
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>&lt;Context className="org.apache.catalina.ha.context.ReplicatedContext"/&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    This context extends the Tomcat <code><a href="context.html">StandardContext</a></code>
+    so all the options from the <a href="context.html">base implementation</a> are valid.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a>:</b> <br>
+    The session manager element identifies what kind of session manager is used in this cluster implementation.
+    This manager configuration is identical to the one you would use in a regular <code><a href="context.html#Nested%20xComponents">&lt;Context&gt;</a></code> configuration.
+    <br>The default value is the <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager</code> that is closely coupled with
+    the <code>SimpleTcpCluster</code> implementation. Other managers like the <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager</code>
+    are/could be loosely coupled and don't rely on the <code>SimpleTcpCluster</code> for its data replication.
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a>:</b> <br>
+    The Channel and its sub components are all part of the IO layer
+    for the cluster group, and is a module in it's own that we have nick named "Tribes"
+    <br>
+    Any configuring and tuning of the network layer, the messaging and the membership logic
+    will be done in the channel and its nested components.
+    You can always find out more about <a href="../tribes/introduction.html">Apache Tribes</a>
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a>:</b> <br>
+    The Tomcat Cluster implementation uses <code>Tomcat <a href="valve.html">Valves</a></code> to
+    track when requests enter and exit the servlet container. It uses these valves to be able to make
+    intelligent decisions on when to replicate data, which is always at the end of a request.
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a>:</b> <br>
+    The Deployer component is the Tomcat Farm Deployer. It allows you to deploy and undeploy applications
+    cluster wide.
+  </p>
+  <p><b><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a>:</b> <br>
+    ClusterListener's are used to track messages sent and received using the <code>SimpleTcpCluster</code>.
+    If you wish to track messages, you can add a listener here, or you can add a valve to the channel object.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deprecated configuration options"><!--()--></a><a name="Deprecated_configuration_options"><strong>Deprecated configuration options</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    <b>Deprecated settings:</b> In the previous version of Tomcat you were able to control session
+       manager settings using manager.&lt;property&gt;=value.
+       This has been discontinued, as the way it was written interferes with
+       the ability to support multiple different manager classes under one cluster implementation,
+       as the same properties might have the different effect on different managers.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SimpleTcpCluster Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="SimpleTcpCluster_Attributes"><strong>SimpleTcpCluster Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The main cluster class, currently only one is available,
+         <code>org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster</code>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">channelSendOptions</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The Tribes channel send options, default is <code>8</code>.<br>
+         This option is used to set the flag that all messages sent through the
+         SimpleTcpCluster uses. The flag decides how the messages are sent, and is a simple logical OR.<br>
+
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+        int options= Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_ASYNCHRONOUS |
+                     Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_SYNCHRONIZED_ACK |
+                     Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_USE_ACK;
+      </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+      Some of the values are:<br>
+      <code>Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_SYNCHRONIZED_ACK = 0x0004</code><br>
+      <code>Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_ASYNCHRONOUS = 0x0008</code><br>
+      <code>Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_USE_ACK = 0x0002</code><br>
+      So to use ACK and ASYNC messaging, the flag would be <code>10 (8+2) or 0x000B</code><br>
+      Note that if you use ASYNC messaging it is possible for update messages
+      for a session to be processed by the receiving nodes in a different order
+      to the order in which they were sent.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">channelStartOptions</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Sets the start and stop flags for the &lt;Channel&gt; object used by the cluster.
+         The default is <code>Channel.DEFAULT</code> which starts all the channel services, such as
+         sender, receiver, multicast sender and multicast receiver.
+         The following flags are available today:
+         <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+           Channel.DEFAULT = Channel.SND_RX_SEQ (1)| Channel.SND_TX_SEQ (2)| Channel.MBR_RX_SEQ (4)| Channel.MBR_TX_SEQ (8);
+         </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+         To start a channel without multicasting, you would want to use the value <code>Channel.SND_RX_SEQ | Channel.SND_TX_SEQ</code>
+         that equals to <code>3</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">heartbeatBackgroundEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Enable this flag don't forget to disable the channel heartbeat thread.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">doClusterLog</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p><b>Deprecated since 6.0.0</b></p>
+      <p>Possible values are <code>true</code> or <code>false</code><br>
+         Value is inherited from Tomcat 5.5 and has no official meaning.
+         to configure logging, use the standard tomcat logging configuration.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clusterLogName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p><b>Deprecated since 6.0.0</b></p>
+      <p>
+        Value is inherited from Tomcat 5.5 and has no official meaning.
+         to configure logging, use the standard tomcat logging configuration.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Context Container</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Context Container</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a><ol><li><a href="#Parallel_deployment">Parallel deployment</a></li><li><a href="#Naming">Naming</a></li><li><a href="#Defining_a_context">Defining a context</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Logging">Logging</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Logs">Access Logs</a></li><li><a href="#Automatic_Context_Configuration">Automatic Context Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Context_Parameters">Context Parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Environment_Entries">Environment Entries</a></li><li><a href="#Lifecycle_Listeners">Lifecycle Listeners</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Filters">Request Filters</a></li><li><a href="#Resource_Definitions">Resource Definitions</a></li><li><a href="#Resource_Links">Resource Links</a></li><li><a href="#Transaction">Transaction</a></li><li><a href="#Virtual_webapp">Virtual webapp</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <blockquote><p><em>
+    The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.
+    </em></p></blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Context</strong> element represents a <em>web
+  application</em>, which is run within a particular virtual host.
+  Each web application is based on a <em>Web Application Archive</em>
+  (WAR) file, or a corresponding directory containing the corresponding
+  unpacked contents, as described in the Servlet Specification (version
+  2.2 or later).  For more information about web application archives,
+  you can download the
+  <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet
+  Specification</a>, and review the Tomcat
+  <a href="../appdev/index.html">Application Developer's Guide</a>.</p>
+
+  <p>The web application used to process each HTTP request is selected
+  by Catalina based on matching the longest possible prefix of the
+  Request URI against the <em>context path</em> of each defined Context.
+  Once selected, that Context will select an appropriate servlet to
+  process the incoming request, according to the servlet mappings defined
+  by the web application deployment.</p>
+
+  <p>You may define as many <strong>Context</strong> elements as you
+  wish.  Each such Context MUST have a unique context name within a virtual
+  host. The context path does not need to be unique (see <em>parallel
+  deployment</em> below). In addition, a Context must be present with a
+  context path equal to
+  a zero-length string.  This Context becomes the <em>default</em>
+  web application for this virtual host, and is used to process all
+  requests that do not match any other Context's context path.</p>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Parallel deployment"><!--()--></a><a name="Parallel_deployment"><strong>Parallel deployment</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p><b>You may deploy multiple versions of a web application with the same
+  context path at the same time.</b> The rules used to match requests to a
+  context version are as follows:
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>If no session information is present in the request, use the latest
+  version.</li>
+  <li>If session information is present in the request, check the session
+  manager of each version for a matching session and if one is found, use that
+  version.</li>
+  <li>If session information is present in the request but no matching session
+  can be found, use the latest version.</li>
+  </ul>
+  <p>The <a href="host.html">Host</a> may be configured (via the
+  <code>undeployOldVersions</code>) to remove old versions deployed in this way
+  once they are no longer in use.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Naming"><strong>Naming</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>When <code>autoDeploy</code> or <code>deployOnStartup</code> operations
+  are performed by a Host, the name and context path of the web application are
+  derived from the name(s) of the file(s) that define(s) the web application.
+  Consequently, the context path <strong>may not</strong> be defined in a
+  <code>META-INF/context.xml</code> embedded in the application and there is a
+  close relationship between the <em>context name</em>, <em>context path</em>,
+  <em>context version</em> and the <em>base file name</em> (the name minus any
+  <code>.war</code> or <code>.xml</code> extension) of the file.</p>
+
+  <p>If no version is specified then the <em>context name</em> is always the
+  same as the <em>context path</em>. If the <em>context path</em> is the empty
+  string them the <em>base name</em> will be ROOT (always in upper case)
+  otherwise the <em>base name</em> will be the <em>context path</em> with the
+  leading '/' removed and any remaining '/' characters replaced with '#'.</p>
+
+  <p>If a version is specified then the <em>context path</em> remains unchanged
+  and both the <em>context name</em> and the <em>base name</em> have the string
+  '##' appended to them followed by the version identifier.</p>
+
+  <p>Some examples of these naming conventions are given below.</p>
+
+  <table class="detail-table">
+    <tr>
+      <td bgcolor="#039acc" valign="top"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Context Path</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#039acc" valign="top"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Context Version</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#039acc" valign="top"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Context Name</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#039acc" valign="top"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Base File Name</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#039acc" valign="top"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Example File Names (.xml, .war &amp; directory)</font></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><i>None</i></font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo.xml, foo.war, foo</font></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo/bar</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><i>None</i></font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo/bar</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo#bar</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo#bar.xml, foo#bar.war, foo#bar</font></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><i>Empty String</i></font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><i>None</i></font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><i>Empty String</i></font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">ROOT</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">ROOT.xml, ROOT.war, ROOT</font></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo##42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo##42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo##42.xml, foo##42.war, foo##42</font></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo/bar</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">/foo/bar##42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo#bar##42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">foo#bar##42.xml, foo#bar##42.war, foo#bar##42</font></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><i>Empty String</i></font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">##42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">ROOT##42</font></td>
+      <td bgcolor="#a0ddf0" valign="top" align="left"><font color="#000000" size="-1" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">ROOT##42.xml, ROOT##42.war, ROOT##42</font></td>
+    </tr>
+  </table>
+
+  <p>The version component is treated as a <code>String</code> both for
+  performance reasons and to allow flexibility in versioning schemes. String
+  comparisons are used to determine version order. If version is not specified,
+  it is treated as the empty string.
+  Therefore,
+  <code>foo.war</code> will be treated as an earlier version than
+  <code>foo##11.war</code> and
+  <code>foo##11.war</code> will be treated as an earlier version than
+  <code>foo##2.war</code>. If using a purely numerical versioning scheme it is
+  recommended that zero padding is used so that <code>foo##002.war</code> is
+  treated as an earlier version than <code>foo##011.war</code>.
+  </p>
+
+  <p>If you want to deploy a WAR file or a directory using a context path that
+  is not related to the base file name then one of the following options must
+  be used to prevent double-deployment:
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Disable autoDeploy and deployOnStartup and define all
+  <strong>Context</strong>s in server.xml</li>
+  <li>Locate the WAR and/or directory outside of the Host's appBase and use
+      a context.xml file with a docBase attribute to define it.</li>
+  </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Defining a context"><!--()--></a><a name="Defining_a_context"><strong>Defining a context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p><b>It is NOT recommended to place &lt;Context&gt; elements directly in the
+  server.xml file.</b> This is because it makes modifying the
+  <strong>Context</strong> configuration more invasive since the main
+  <code>conf/server.xml</code> file cannot be reloaded without restarting
+  Tomcat.</p>
+
+  <p>Individual <strong>Context</strong> elements may be explicitly defined:
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>In an individual file at <code>/META-INF/context.xml</code> inside the
+  application files. Optionally (based on the Host's copyXML attribute)
+  this may be copied to
+  <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/</code> and renamed to
+  application's base file name plus a ".xml" extension.</li>
+  <li>In individual files (with a ".xml" extension) in the
+  <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/</code> directory.
+  The context path and version will be derived from the base name of the file
+  (the file name less the .xml extension). This file will always take precedence
+  over any context.xml file packaged in the web application's META-INF
+  directory.</li>
+  <li>Inside a <a href="host.html">Host</a> element in the main
+  <code>conf/server.xml</code>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Default <strong>Context</strong> elements may be defined that apply to
+  multiple web applications. Configuration for an individual web application
+  will override anything configured in one of these defaults. Any nested
+  elements, e.g. &lt;Resource&gt; elements, that are defined in a default
+  <strong>Context</strong> will be created once for each
+  <strong>Context</strong> to which the default applies. They will <b>not</b> be
+  shared between <strong>Context</strong> elements.
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>In the <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/context.xml</code> file:
+  the Context element information will be loaded by all web applications.</li>
+  <li>In the
+  <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/context.xml.default</code>
+  file: the Context element information will be loaded by all web applications
+  of that host.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>With the exception of server.xml, files that define <strong>Context
+  </strong> elements may only define a single <strong>Context</strong> element.
+  </p>
+
+  <p>In addition to explicitly specified Context elements, there are
+  several techniques by which Context elements can be created automatically
+  for you.  See <a href="host.html#Automatic_Application_Deployment">
+  Automatic Application Deployment</a> and
+  <a href="host.html#User_Web_Applications">User Web Applications</a>
+  for more information.</p>
+
+  <p>To define multiple contexts that use a single WAR file or directory,
+  use one of the options described in the <a href="#Naming">Naming</a>
+  section above for creating a <strong>Context</strong> that has a path
+  that is not related to the base file name.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Context</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allowCasualMultipartParsing</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to true if Tomcat should automatically parse
+        multipart/form-data request bodies when HttpServletRequest.getPart*
+        or HttpServletRequest.getParameter* is called, even when the
+        target servlet isn't marked with the @MultipartConfig annotation
+        (See Servlet Specification 3.0, Section 3.2 for details).
+        Note that any setting other than <code>false</code> causes Tomcat
+        to behave in a way that is not technically spec-compliant.
+        The default is <code>false</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">backgroundProcessorDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This value represents the delay in seconds between the
+        invocation of the backgroundProcess method on this context and
+        its child containers, including all wrappers.
+        Child containers will not be invoked if their delay value is not
+        negative (which would mean they are using their own processing
+        thread). Setting this to a positive value will cause
+        a thread to be spawn. After waiting the specified amount of time,
+        the thread will invoke the backgroundProcess method on this host
+        and all its child containers. A context will use background
+        processing to perform session expiration and class monitoring for
+        reloading. If not specified, the default value for this attribute is
+        -1, which means the context will rely on the background processing
+        thread of its parent host.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Context</code> interface.
+        If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cookies</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want cookies to be used for
+        session identifier communication if supported by the client (this
+        is the default).  Set to <code>false</code> if you want to disable
+        the use of cookies for session identifier communication, and rely
+        only on URL rewriting by the application.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">crossContext</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want calls within this application
+        to <code>ServletContext.getContext()</code> to successfully return a
+        request dispatcher for other web applications running on this virtual
+        host.  Set to <code>false</code> (the default) in security
+        conscious environments, to make <code>getContext()</code> always
+        return <code>null</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">docBase</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The <em>Document Base</em> (also known as the <em>Context
+        Root</em>) directory for this web application, or the pathname
+        to the web application archive file (if this web application is
+        being executed directly from the WAR file). You may specify
+        an absolute pathname for this directory or WAR file, or a pathname
+        that is relative to the <code>appBase</code> directory of the
+        owning <a href="host.html">Host</a>.</p>
+        <p>The value of this field must not be set unless the Context element is
+        defined in server.xml or the <code>docBase</code> is not located under
+        the <a href="host.html">Host</a>'s <code>appBase</code>.</p>
+        <p>If a symbolic link is used for docBase then changes to the
+        symbolic link will only be effective after a Tomcat restart or
+        by undeploying and redeploying the context. A context reload is not
+        sufficient.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">fireRequestListenersOnForwards</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to fire any configured
+        ServletRequestListeners  when Tomcat forwards a request. This is
+        primarily of use to users of CDI frameworks that use
+        ServletRequestListeners to configure the necessary environment for a
+        request. If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> is
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">logEffectiveWebXml</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want the effective web.xml used for a
+        web application to be logged (at INFO level) when the application
+        starts. The effective web.xml is the result of combining the
+        application's web.xml with any defaults configured by Tomcat and any
+        web-fragment.xml files and annotations discovered. If not specified, the
+        default value of <code>false</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">override</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to ignore any settings in both the global
+        or <a href="host.html">Host</a> default contexts.  By default, settings
+        from a default context will be used but may be overridden by a setting
+        the same attribute explicitly for the Context.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">path</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The <em>context path</em> of this web application, which is
+        matched against the beginning of each request URI to select the
+        appropriate web application for processing.  All of the context paths
+        within a particular <a href="host.html">Host</a> must be unique.
+        If you specify a context path of an empty string (""), you are
+        defining the <em>default</em> web application for this Host, which
+        will process all requests not assigned to other Contexts.</p>
+        <p>This attribute must only be used when statically defining a Context
+        in server.xml. In all other circumstances, the path will be inferred
+        from the filenames used for either the .xml context file or the docBase.
+        </p>
+        <p>Even when statically defining a Context in server.xml, this attribute
+        must not be set unless either the docBase is not located under the
+        <a href="host.html">Host</a>'s <code>appBase</code> or both
+        <code>deployOnStartup</code> and <code>autoDeploy</code> are false. If
+        this rule is not followed, double deployment is likely to result.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">preemptiveAuthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When set to <code>true</code> and the user presents credentials for a
+        resource that is not protected by a security constraint, if the
+        authenticator supports preemptive authentication (the standard
+        authenticators provided with Tomcat do) then the user' credentials
+        will be processed. If not specified, the default of <code>false</code>is
+        used.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">privileged</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to allow this context to use container
+        servlets, like the manager servlet. Use of the <code>privileged</code>
+        attribute will change the context's parent class loader to be the
+        <em>Server</em> class loader rather than the <em>Shared</em> class
+        loader. Note that in a default installation, the <em>Common</em> class
+        loader is used for both the <em>Server</em> and the <em>Shared</em>
+        class loaders.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">reloadable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want Catalina to monitor classes in
+        <code>/WEB-INF/classes/</code> and <code>/WEB-INF/lib</code> for
+        changes, and automatically reload the web application if a change
+        is detected.  This feature is very useful during application
+        development, but it requires significant runtime overhead and is
+        not recommended for use on deployed production applications.  That's
+        why the default setting for this attribute is <i>false</i>.  You
+        can use the <a href="../manager-howto.html">Manager</a> web
+        application, however, to trigger reloads of deployed applications
+        on demand.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">resourceOnlyServlets</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Comma separated list of Servlet names (as used in
+        <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>) that expect a resource to be present.
+        Ensures that welcome files associated with Servlets that expect a
+        resource to be present (such as the JSP Servlet) are not used when there
+        is no resource present. This prevents issues caused by the clarification
+        of welcome file mapping in section 10.10 of the Servlet 3.0
+        specification. If the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code>
+        <a href="systemprops.html">system property</a> is set to
+        <code>true</code>, the default value of this attribute will be the empty
+        string, else the default value will be <code>jsp</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sendRedirectBody</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, redirect responses will include a short
+        response body that includes details of the redirect as recommended by
+        RFC 2616. This is disabled by default since including a response body
+        may cause problems for some application component such as compression
+        filters.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionCookieDomain</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The domain to be used for all session cookies created for this
+        context. If set, this overrides any domain set by the web application.
+        If not set, the value specified by the web application, if any, will be
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionCookieName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name to be used for all session cookies created for this
+        context. If set, this overrides any name set by the web application.
+        If not set, the value specified by the web application, if any, will be
+        used, or the name <code>JSESSIONID</code> if the web application does
+        not explicitly set one.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionCookiePath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The path to be used for all session cookies created for this
+        context. If set, this overrides any path set by the web application.
+        If not set, the value specified by the web application will be used, or
+        the context path used if the web application does not explicitly set
+        one. To configure all web application to use an empty path (this can be
+        useful for portlet specification implementations) set this attribute to
+        <code>/</code> in the global <code>CATALINA_BASE/conf/context.xml</code>
+        file.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionCookiePathUsesTrailingSlash</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Some browsers, such as IE, will send a session cookie for a context
+        with a path of /foo with a request to /foobar. To prevent this, Tomcat
+        will add a trailing slash to the path associated with the session cookie
+        so, in the above example, the cookie path becomes /foo/. However, with a
+        cookie path of /foo/, IE will no longer send the cookie with a request
+        to /foo. This should not be a problem unless there is a servlet mapped
+        to /*. In this case this feature will need to be disabled. The default
+        value for this attribute is <code>true.</code> To disable this feature,
+        set the attribute to <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">swallowAbortedUploads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to false if Tomcat should <b>not</b> read any additional request
+        body data for aborted uploads and instead abort the client connection.
+        This setting is used in the following situations:
+        </p>
+        <ul>
+        <li>the size of the request body is larger than the
+            <code>maxPostSize</code> configured in the connector</li>
+        <li>the size limit of a MultiPart upload is reached</li>
+        <li>the servlet sets the response status to 413 (Request Entity Too
+            Large) </li>
+        </ul>
+        <p>
+        Not reading the additional data will free the request processing thread
+        more quickly. Unfortunately most HTTP clients will not read the response
+        if they can not write the full request.</p>
+        <p>The default is <code>true</code>, so additional data will be
+        read.</p>
+        <p>Note if an error occurs during the request processing that triggers
+        a 5xx response, any unread request data will always be ignored and the
+        client connection will be closed once the error response has been
+        written.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">swallowOutput</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If the value of this flag is <code>true</code>, the bytes output to
+        System.out and System.err by the web application will be redirected to
+        the web application logger. If not specified, the default value
+        of the flag is <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tldNamespaceAware</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If the value of this flag is <code>true</code>, the TLD files
+        XML validation will be namespace-aware.  If you turn this flag on,
+        you should probably also turn <code>tldValidation</code> on. If the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code>
+        <a href="systemprops.html">system property</a> is set to
+        <code>true</code>, the default value of this attribute will be
+        <code>true</code>, else the default value will be <code>false</code>.
+        Setting this attribute to <code>true</code> will incur a performance
+        penalty.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tldValidation</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If the value of this flag is <code>true</code>, the TLD files
+        will be XML validated on context startup. If the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code>
+        <a href="systemprops.html">system property</a> is set to
+        <code>true</code>, the default value of this attribute will be
+        <code>true</code>, else the default value will be <code>false</code>.
+        Setting this attribute to <code>true</code> will incur a performance
+        penalty.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useHttpOnly</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>Should the HttpOnly flag be set on session cookies to prevent client
+          side script from accessing the session ID? Defaults to
+          <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">wrapperClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the <code>org.apache.catalina.Wrapper</code>
+        implementation class that will be used for servlets managed by this
+        Context.  If not specified, a standard default value will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">xmlNamespaceAware</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If the value of this flag is <code>true</code>, the validation of
+        XML files will be namespace-aware.  If you turn this flag on,
+        you should probably also turn <code>xmlValidation</code> on. If
+        the <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code>
+        <a href="systemprops.html">system property</a> is set to
+        <code>true</code>, the default value of this attribute will be
+        <code>true</code>, else the default value will be <code>false</code>.
+        Setting this attribute to <code>true</code> will incur a performance
+        penalty.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">xmlValidation</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If the value of this flag is <code>true</code>, the XML files
+        will be validated on context startup. If the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code>
+        <a href="systemprops.html">system property</a> is set to
+        <code>true</code>, the default value of this attribute will be
+        <code>true</code>, else the default value will be <code>false</code>.
+        Setting this attribute to <code>true</code> will incur a performance
+        penalty.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Context</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext</strong>.
+    It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+    common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">addWebinfClassesResources</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute controls if, in addition to static resources being
+        served from <code>META-INF/resources</code> inside web application JAR
+        files, static resources are also served from
+        <code>WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/resources</code>. This only applies to
+        web applications with a major version of 3 or higher. Since this is a
+        proprietary extension to the Servlet 3 specification, it is disabled by
+        default. To enable this feature, set the attribute to <code>true</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">aliases</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute provides a list of external locations from which to
+        load resources for this context. The list of aliases should be of
+        the form <code>"/aliasPath1=docBase1,/aliasPath2=docBase2"</code> where
+        <code>aliasPathN</code> must include a leading '/' and
+        <code>docBaseN</code> must be an absolute path to either a .war file or
+        a directory.</p>
+        <p>Whitespace is permitted around both the <code>,</code> and
+        <code>=</code> delimiters, and will be trimmed. Therefore, an aliases
+        attribute with the value <code>"/aliasPath1 = docBase1,<br>
+        /aliasPath2= docBase2"</code> is equivalent to
+        <code>"/aliasPath1=docBase1,/aliasPath2=docBase2"</code></p>
+        <p>A resource will be searched for in the first <code>docBaseN</code>
+        for which <code>aliasPathN</code> is a leading path segment of the
+        resource. If there is no such alias, then the resource will be searched
+        in the usual way.</p>
+        <p>Using '/' as an aliasPath is not allowed. Consider using
+        <code>docBase</code> instead.</p>
+        <p>These external locations will not be emptied if the context
+        is un-deployed.</p>
+        <p>A more powerful feature (for development only) is
+        <a href="#Virtual_webapp">Virtual webapp</a>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allowLinking</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If the value of this flag is <code>true</code>, symlinks will be
+        allowed inside the web application, pointing to resources outside the
+        web application base path. If not specified, the default value
+        of the flag is <code>false</code>.</p>
+        <p><b>NOTE: This flag MUST NOT be set to true on the Windows platform
+        (or any other OS which does not have a case sensitive filesystem),
+        as it will disable case sensitivity checks, allowing JSP source code
+        disclosure, among other security problems.</b></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">antiJARLocking</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If true, the Tomcat classloader will take extra measures to avoid
+        JAR file locking when resources are accessed inside JARs through URLs.
+        This will impact startup time of applications, but could prove to be
+        useful on platforms or configurations where file locking can occur.
+        If not specified, the default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+
+        <p><code>antiJARLocking</code> is a subset of
+        <code>antiResourceLocking</code> and therefore, to prevent duplicate
+        work and possible issues, only one of these attributes should be set
+        to <code>true</code> at any one time.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">antiResourceLocking</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If true, Tomcat will prevent any file locking.
+        This will significantly impact startup time of applications,
+        but allows full webapp hot deploy and undeploy on platforms
+        or configurations where file locking can occur.
+        If not specified, the default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+
+        <p><code>antiJARLocking</code> is a subset of
+        <code>antiResourceLocking</code> and therefore, to prevent duplicate
+        work and possible issues, only one of these attributes should be set
+        to <code>true</code> at any one time.</p>
+
+        <p>Please note that setting this to <code>true</code> has some side
+        effects, including the disabling of JSP reloading in a running server:
+        see <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=37668">
+        Bugzilla 37668</a>.</p>
+
+        <p>Please note that setting this flag to true in applications that are
+        outside the appBase for the Host (the <code>webapps</code> directory
+        by default) will cause the application to be <strong>deleted</strong> on
+        Tomcat shutdown.  You probably don't want to do this, so think twice
+        before setting antiResourceLocking=true on a webapp that's outside the
+        appBase for its Host.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cacheMaxSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Maximum size of the static resource cache in kilobytes.
+        If not specified, the default value is <code>10240</code>
+        (10 megabytes).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cacheObjectMaxSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Maximum size of the static resource that will be placed in the cache.
+        If not specified, the default value is <code>512</code>
+        (512 kilobytes). If this value is greater than
+        <code>cacheMaxSize/20</code> it will be reduced to
+        <code>cacheMaxSize/20</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cacheTTL</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Amount of time in milliseconds between cache entries revalidation.
+        If not specified, the default value is <code>5000</code>
+        (5 seconds).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cachingAllowed</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If the value of this flag is <code>true</code>, the cache for static
+        resources will be used. If not specified, the default value
+        of the flag is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clearReferencesHttpClientKeepAliveThread</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code> and an <code>sun.net.www.http.HttpClient</code>
+        keep-alive timer thread has been started by this web application and is
+        still running, Tomcat will change the context class loader for that
+        thread from the current <code>WebappClassLoader</code> to
+        <code>WebappClassLoader#parent</code> to prevent a memory leak. Note
+        that the keep-alive timer thread will stop on its own once the
+        keep-alives all expire however, on a busy system that might not happen
+        for some time. If not specified, the default value of
+        <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clearReferencesStatic</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, Tomcat attempts to null out any static or final
+        fields from loaded classes when a web application is stopped as a work
+        around for apparent garbage collection bugs and application coding
+        errors. There have been some issues reported with log4j when this
+        is <code>true</code>. Applications without memory leaks using recent
+        JVMs should operate correctly with this attribute set to
+        <code>false</code>. If not specified, the default value of
+        <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clearReferencesStopThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, Tomcat attempts to terminate threads that have
+        been started by the web application. Stopping threads is performed via
+        the deprecated (for good reason) <code>Thread.stop()</code> method and
+        is likely to result in instability. As such, enabling this should be
+        viewed as an option of last resort in a development environment and is
+        not recommended in a production environment. If not specified, the
+        default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clearReferencesStopTimerThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, Tomcat attempts to terminate
+        <code>java.util.Timer</code> threads that have been started by the web
+        application. Unlike standard threads, timer threads can be stopped
+        safely although there may still be side-effects for the application. If
+        not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">jndiExceptionOnFailedWrite</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, any attempt by an application to modify the
+        provided JNDI context with a call to bind(), unbind(),
+        createSubContext(), destroySubContext() or close() will trigger a
+        <code>javax.naming.OperationNotSupportedException</code> as required by
+        section EE.5.3.4 of the Java EE specification. This exception can be
+        disabled by setting this attribute to true in which case any calls to
+        modify the JNDI context will return <b>without</b> making any changes
+        and methods that return values will return <code>null</code>. If not
+        specified, the specification compliant default of <code>true</code> will
+        be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processTlds</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Whether the context should process TLDs on startup.  The default
+        is true.  The false setting is intended for special cases
+        that know in advance TLDs are not part of the webapp.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">renewThreadsWhenStoppingContext</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, when this context is stopped, Tomcat renews all
+        the threads from the thread pool that was used to serve this context.
+        This also requires that the
+        <code>ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener</code> be configured in
+        <code>server.xml</code> and that the <code>threadRenewalDelay</code>
+        property of the <code>Executor</code> be &gt;=0. If not specified, the
+        default value of <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">unloadDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Number of ms that the container will wait for servlets to unload.
+        If not specified, the default value is <code>2000</code> ms.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">unpackWAR</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>false</code>, the <strong>unpackWARs</strong> attribute of
+        the owning <a href="host.html">Host</a> will be overridden and the WAR
+        file will not be unpacked. If <code>true</code>, the value of the owning
+        <a href="host.html">Host</a>'s <strong>unpackWARs</strong>
+        attribute will determine if the WAR is unpacked. If not specified, the
+        default value is <code>true</code>. Note that WAR files located outside
+        of a <a href="host.html">Host</a>'s <strong>appBase</strong> are
+        never unpacked.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useNaming</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> (the default) to have Catalina enable a
+        JNDI <code>InitialContext</code> for this web application that is
+        compatible with Java2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) platform
+        conventions.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">workDir</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Pathname to a scratch directory to be provided by this Context
+        for temporary read-write use by servlets within the associated web
+        application.  This directory will be made visible to servlets in the
+        web application by a servlet context attribute (of type
+        <code>java.io.File</code>) named
+        <code>javax.servlet.context.tempdir</code> as described in the
+        Servlet Specification.  If not specified, a suitable directory
+        underneath <code>$CATALINA_BASE/work</code> will be provided.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>You can nest at most one instance of the following utility components
+  by nesting a corresponding element inside your <strong>Context</strong>
+  element:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><a href="loader.html"><strong>Loader</strong></a> -
+      Configure the web application class loader that will be used to load
+      servlet and bean classes for this web application.  Normally, the
+      default configuration of the class loader will be sufficient.</li>
+  <li><a href="manager.html"><strong>Manager</strong></a> -
+      Configure the session manager that will be used to create, destroy,
+      and persist HTTP sessions for this web application.  Normally, the
+      default configuration of the session manager will be sufficient.</li>
+  <li><a href="realm.html"><strong>Realm</strong></a> -
+      Configure a realm that will allow its
+      database of users, and their associated roles, to be utilized solely
+      for this particular web application.  If not specified, this web
+      application will utilize the Realm associated with the owning
+      <a href="host.html">Host</a> or <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>.</li>
+  <li><a href="resources.html"><strong>Resources</strong></a> -
+      Configure the resource manager that will be used to access the static
+      resources associated with this web application.  Normally, the
+      default configuration of the resource manager will be sufficient.</li>
+  <li><strong>WatchedResource</strong> - The auto deployer will monitor the
+      specified static resource of the web application for updates, and will
+      reload the web application if it is updated. The content of this element
+      must be a string.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Logging"><strong>Logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>A context is associated with the
+       <code>org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[enginename].[hostname].[path]</code>
+       log category.  Note that the brackets are actually part of the name, don't omit them.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Logs"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Logs"><strong>Access Logs</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>When you run a web server, one of the output files normally generated
+    is an <em>access log</em>, which generates one line of information for
+    each request processed by the server, in a standard format.  Catalina
+    includes an optional <a href="valve.html">Valve</a> implementation that
+    can create access logs in the same standard format created by web servers,
+    or in any number of custom formats.</p>
+
+    <p>You can ask Catalina to create an access log for all requests
+    processed by an <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>,
+    <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or <a href="context.html">Context</a>
+    by nesting a <a href="valve.html">Valve</a> element like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
+         prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
+         pattern="common"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>See <a href="valve.html#Access Log Valve">Access Log Valve</a>
+    for more information on the configuration attributes that are
+    supported.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Automatic Context Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="Automatic_Context_Configuration"><strong>Automatic Context Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>If you use the standard <strong>Context</strong> implementation,
+    the following configuration steps occur automatically when Catalina
+    is started, or whenever this web application is reloaded.  No special
+    configuration is required to enable this feature.</p>
+
+    <ul>
+    <li>If you have not declared your own <a href="loader.html">Loader</a>
+       element, a standard web application class loader will be configured.
+       </li>
+    <li>If you have not declared your own <a href="manager.html">Manager</a>
+        element, a standard session manager will be configured.</li>
+    <li>If you have not declared your own <a href="resources.html">Resources</a>
+        element, a standard resources manager will be configured.</li>
+    <li>The web application properties listed in <code>conf/web.xml</code>
+        will be processed as defaults for this web application.  This is used
+        to establish default mappings (such as mapping the <code>*.jsp</code>
+        extension to the corresponding JSP servlet), and other standard
+        features that apply to all web applications.</li>
+    <li>The web application properties listed in the
+        <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> resource for this web application
+        will be processed (if this resource exists).</li>
+    <li>If your web application has specified security constraints that might
+        require user authentication, an appropriate Authenticator that
+        implements the login method you have selected will be configured.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context Parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Context_Parameters"><strong>Context Parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can configure named values that will be made visible to the
+    web application as servlet context initialization parameters by nesting
+    <code>&lt;Parameter&gt;</code> elements inside this element.  For
+    example, you can create an initialization parameter like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Parameter name="companyName" value="My Company, Incorporated"
+         override="false"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>This is equivalent to the inclusion of the following element in the
+    web application deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>):
+    </p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;context-param&gt;
+  &lt;param-name&gt;companyName&lt;/param-name&gt;
+  &lt;param-value&gt;My Company, Incorporated&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/context-param&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>but does <em>not</em> require modification of the deployment descriptor
+    to customize this value.</p>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for a <code>&lt;Parameter&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">description</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Optional, human-readable description of this context
+        initialization parameter.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the context initialization parameter to be created.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">override</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set this to <code>false</code> if you do <strong>not</strong> want
+        a <code>&lt;context-param&gt;</code> for the same parameter name,
+        found in the web application deployment descriptor, to override the
+        value specified here.  By default, overrides are allowed.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">value</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The parameter value that will be presented to the application
+        when requested by calling
+        <code>ServletContext.getInitParameter()</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environment Entries"><!--()--></a><a name="Environment_Entries"><strong>Environment Entries</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can configure named values that will be made visible to the
+    web application as environment entry resources, by nesting
+    <code>&lt;Environment&gt;</code> entries inside this element.  For
+    example, you can create an environment entry like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Environment name="maxExemptions" value="10"
+         type="java.lang.Integer" override="false"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>This is equivalent to the inclusion of the following element in the
+    web application deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>):
+    </p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;env-entry&gt;
+  &lt;env-entry-name&gt;maxExemptions&lt;/env-entry-name&gt;
+  &lt;env-entry-value&gt;10&lt;/env-entry-value&gt;
+  &lt;env-entry-type&gt;java.lang.Integer&lt;/env-entry-type&gt;
+&lt;/env-entry&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>but does <em>not</em> require modification of the deployment descriptor
+    to customize this value.</p>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for an <code>&lt;Environment&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">description</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Optional, human-readable description of this environment entry.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the environment entry to be created, relative to the
+        <code>java:comp/env</code> context.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">override</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set this to <code>false</code> if you do <strong>not</strong> want
+        an <code>&lt;env-entry&gt;</code> for the same environment entry name,
+        found in the web application deployment descriptor, to override the
+        value specified here.  By default, overrides are allowed.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">type</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The fully qualified Java class name expected by the web application
+        for this environment entry.  Must be a legal value for
+        <code>&lt;env-entry-type&gt;</code> in the web application deployment
+        descriptor.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">value</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The parameter value that will be presented to the application
+        when requested from the JNDI context.  This value must be convertable
+        to the Java type defined by the <code>type</code> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Lifecycle Listeners"><!--()--></a><a name="Lifecycle_Listeners"><strong>Lifecycle Listeners</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>If you have implemented a Java object that needs to know when this
+    <strong>Context</strong> is started or stopped, you can declare it by
+    nesting a <strong>Listener</strong> element inside this element.  The
+    class name you specify must implement the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code> interface, and
+    the class must be packaged in a jar and placed in the
+    <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code> directory.
+    It will be notified about the occurrence of the corresponding
+    lifecycle events.  Configuration of such a listener looks like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Listener className="com.mycompany.mypackage.MyListener" ... &gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that a Listener can have any number of additional properties
+    that may be configured from this element.  Attribute names are matched
+    to corresponding JavaBean property names using the standard property
+    method naming patterns.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Filters"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Filters"><strong>Request Filters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can ask Catalina to check the IP address, or host name, on every
+    incoming request directed to the surrounding
+    <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>, <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or
+    <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.  The remote address or name
+    will be checked against configured "accept" and/or "deny"
+    filters, which are defined using <code>java.util.regex</code> Regular
+    Expression syntax.  Requests that come from locations that are
+    not accepted will be rejected with an HTTP "Forbidden" error.
+    Example filter declarations:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteHostValve"
+         allow=".*\.mycompany\.com|www\.yourcompany\.com"/&gt;
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+         deny="192\.168\.1\.\d+"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>See <a href="valve.html#Remote Address Filter">Remote Address Filter</a>
+    and <a href="valve.html#Remote Host Filter">Remote Host Filter</a> for
+    more information about the configuration options that are supported.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Resource Definitions"><!--()--></a><a name="Resource_Definitions"><strong>Resource Definitions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can declare the characteristics of the resource
+    to be returned for JNDI lookups of <code>&lt;resource-ref&gt;</code> and
+    <code>&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;</code> elements in the web application
+    deployment descriptor.  You <strong>MUST</strong> also define
+    the needed resource parameters as attributes of the <code>Resource</code>
+    element, to configure the object factory to be used (if not known to Tomcat
+    already), and the properties used to configure that object factory.</p>
+
+    <p>For example, you can create a resource definition like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Resource name="jdbc/EmployeeDB" auth="Container"
+            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+     description="Employees Database for HR Applications"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>This is equivalent to the inclusion of the following element in the
+    web application deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>):</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-ref&gt;
+  &lt;description&gt;Employees Database for HR Applications&lt;/description&gt;
+  &lt;res-ref-name&gt;jdbc/EmployeeDB&lt;/res-ref-name&gt;
+  &lt;res-ref-type&gt;javax.sql.DataSource&lt;/res-ref-type&gt;
+  &lt;res-auth&gt;Container&lt;/res-auth&gt;
+&lt;/resource-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>but does <em>not</em> require modification of the deployment
+    descriptor to customize this value.</p>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for a <code>&lt;Resource&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">auth</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specify whether the web Application code signs on to the
+        corresponding resource manager programatically, or whether the
+        Container will sign on to the resource manager on behalf of the
+        application.  The value of this attribute must be
+        <code>Application</code> or <code>Container</code>.  This
+        attribute is <strong>required</strong> if the web application
+        will use a <code>&lt;resource-ref&gt;</code> element in the web
+        application deployment descriptor, but is optional if the
+        application uses a <code>&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;</code> instead.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">closeMethod</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the zero-argument method to call on a singleton resource when
+        it is no longer required. This is intended to speed up clean-up of
+        resources that would otherwise happen as part of garbage collection.
+        This attribute is ignored if the <code>singleton</code> attribute is
+        false. If not specificed, no default is defined and no close method will
+        be called.</p>
+        <p>For Apache Commons DBCP and Apache Tomcat JDBC connection pools
+        you can use <code>closeMethod="close"</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">description</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Optional, human-readable description of this resource.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the resource to be created, relative to the
+        <code>java:comp/env</code> context.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scope</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specify whether connections obtained through this resource
+        manager can be shared.  The value of this attribute must be
+        <code>Shareable</code> or <code>Unshareable</code>.  By default,
+        connections are assumed to be shareable.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">singleton</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specify whether this resource definition is for a singleton resource,
+        i.e. one where there is only a single instance of the resource. If this
+        attribute is <code>true</code>, multiple JNDI lookups for this resource
+        will return the same object. If this attribute is <code>false</code>,
+        multiple JNDI lookups for this resource will return different objects.
+        This attribute must be <code>true</code> for
+        <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> resources to enable JMX registration
+        of the DataSource. The value of this attribute must be <code>true</code>
+        or <code>false</code>. By default, this attribute is <code>true</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">type</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The fully qualified Java class name expected by the web
+        application when it performs a lookup for this resource.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Resource Links"><!--()--></a><a name="Resource_Links"><strong>Resource Links</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+     <p>This element is used to create a link to a global JNDI resource. Doing
+     a JNDI lookup on the link name will then return the linked global
+     resource.</p>
+
+    <p>For example, you can create a resource link like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;ResourceLink name="linkToGlobalResource"
+            global="simpleValue"
+            type="java.lang.Integer"
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for a <code>&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">global</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the linked global resource in the
+        global JNDI context.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the resource link to be created, relative to the
+        <code>java:comp/env</code> context.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">type</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The fully qualified Java class name expected by the web
+        application when it performs a lookup for this resource link.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">factory</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The fully qualified Java class name for the class creating these objects.
+        This class should implement the <code>javax.naming.spi.ObjectFactory</code> interface.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>When the attribute <code>factory="org.apache.naming.factory.DataSourceLinkFactory"</code> the resource link can be used with
+       two additional attributes to allow a shared data source to be used with different credentials.
+       When these two additional attributes are used in combination with the <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>
+       type, different contexts can share a global data source with different credentials.
+       Under the hood, what happens is that a call to <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/sql/DataSource.html#getConnection()"><code>getConnection()</code></a>
+       is simply translated to a call <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/sql/DataSource.html#getConnection(java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String)">
+       <code>getConnection(username, password)</code></a> on the global data source. This is an easy way to get code to be transparent to what schemas are being used,
+       yet be able to control connections (or pools) in the global configuration.
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">username</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p><code>username</code> value for the <code>getConnection(username, password)</code>
+           call on the linked global DataSource.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">password</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p><code>password</code> value for the <code>getConnection(username, password)</code>
+           call on the linked global DataSource.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+    <p>Shared Data Source Example:</p>
+    <p><strong>Warning:</strong> This feature works only if the global DataSource
+supports <code>getConnection(username, password)</code> method.
+<a href="http://commons.apache.org/dbcp/">Apache Commons DBCP</a> pool that
+Tomcat uses by default does not support it. See its Javadoc for
+<code>BasicDataSource</code> class.
+<a href="../jdbc-pool.html">Apache Tomcat JDBC pool</a> does support it,
+but by default this support is disabled and can be enabled by
+<code>alternateUsernameAllowed</code> attribute. See its documentation
+for details.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;GlobalNamingResources&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Resource name="sharedDataSource"
+            global="sharedDataSource"
+            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+            factory="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory"
+            alternateUsernameAllowed="true"
+            username="bar"
+            password="barpass"
+            ...
+  ...
+&lt;/GlobalNamingResources&gt;
+
+&lt;Context path="/foo"...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;ResourceLink
+            name="appDataSource"
+            global="sharedDataSource"
+            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+            factory="org.apache.naming.factory.DataSourceLinkFactory"
+            username="foo"
+            password="foopass"
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+&lt;Context path="/bar"...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;ResourceLink
+            name="appDataSource"
+            global="sharedDataSource"
+            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>When a request for <code>getConnection()</code> is made in the
+       <code>/foo</code> context, the request is translated into
+       <code>getConnection("foo","foopass")</code>,
+       while a request in the <code>/bar</code> gets passed straight through.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Transaction"><strong>Transaction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can declare the characteristics of the UserTransaction
+    to be returned for JNDI lookup for <code>java:comp/UserTransaction</code>.
+    You <strong>MUST</strong> define an object factory class to instantiate
+    this object as well as the needed resource parameters as attributes of the
+    <code>Transaction</code>
+    element, and the properties used to configure that object factory.</p>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for the <code>&lt;Transaction&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">factory</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The class name for the JNDI object factory.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Virtual webapp"><!--()--></a><a name="Virtual_webapp"><strong>Virtual webapp</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>During development it may be more productive to avoid copying files (static
+    resources, JSPs, classes, jars...) and configure tomcat to use files from their
+    source locations. To do that, several customisations of the context configuration are
+    required:</p>
+    <ul>
+      <li>The <code>VirtualDirContext</code> implementation of
+      <a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li>
+      <li>The <code>VirtualWebappLoader</code> implementation of
+      <a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li>
+      <li><code>scanAllDirectories="true"</code> on the <a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>To illustrate this feature, here is an example of a standard maven webapp source tree:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+mywebapp/
+         src/
+             main/
+                  java/
+                  resources/
+                  webapp/
+                         WEB-INF/
+                                 classes/
+         target/
+                classes/
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>To deploy such an application (assuming it also uses the log4j maven artefact),
+    the context configuration looks like:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context path="/mywebapp" docBase="/Users/theuser/mywebapp/src/main/webapp" &gt;
+  &lt;Resources className="org.apache.naming.resources.VirtualDirContext"
+    extraResourcePaths=
+      "/WEB-INF/classes=/Users/theuser/mywebapp/target/classes" /&gt;
+  &lt;Loader className="org.apache.catalina.loader.VirtualWebappLoader"
+    virtualClasspath="/Users/theuser/mywebapp/target/classes;
+      /Users/theuser/.m2/repository/log4j/log4j/1.2.15/log4j-1.2.15.jar" /&gt;
+  &lt;JarScanner scanAllDirectories="true" /&gt;
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Here is another example where the webapp serves pictures under /pictures and movies
+    under /movies and also depends on another maven project mylib that would normally
+    produce a jar to be packaged in WEB-INF/lib:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+mylib/
+      src/
+          main/
+               java/
+               resources/
+                         META-INF/
+                                  resources/
+      target/
+             classes/
+mymovies/
+mypictures/
+mywebapp/
+         src/
+             main/
+                  java/
+                  resources/
+                  webapp/
+                         WEB-INF/
+                                 classes/
+         target/
+                classes/
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>The configuration is:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><div class="wrapped-source"><code>
+&lt;Context path="/mywebapp" docBase="/Users/theuser/mywebapp/src/main/webapp" &gt;
+<div>
+  &lt;Resources className="org.apache.naming.resources.VirtualDirContext"
+    <div><p>extraResourcePaths="/WEB-INF/classes=/Users/theuser/mywebapp/target/classes,/pictures=/Users/theuser/mypictures,/movies=/Users/theuser/mymovies"</p></div>
+    <div>/&gt;</div>
+</div>
+<div>
+  &lt;Loader className="org.apache.catalina.loader.VirtualWebappLoader"
+    <div><p>virtualClasspath="/Users/theuser/mywebapp/target/classes;/Users/theuser/mylib/target/classes;/Users/theuser/.m2/repository/log4j/log4j/1.2.15/log4j-1.2.15.jar"</p></div>
+    <div>/&gt;</div>
+</div>
+<div>
+  &lt;JarScanner scanAllDirectories="true" /&gt;
+</div>
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</code></div></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that resources in mylib/target/classes/META-INF/resources/ are mapped to / as
+    required by servlet 3 specification.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
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+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/context.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/engine.html b/webapps/docs/config/engine.html
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Engine Container</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Engine Container</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Logging">Logging</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Logs">Access Logs</a></li><li><a href="#Lifecycle_Listeners">Lifecycle Listeners</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Filters">Request Filters</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Engine</strong> element represents the entire request
+  processing machinery associated with a particular Catalina
+  <a href="service.html">Service</a>.  It receives and processes
+  <em>all</em> requests from one or more <strong>Connectors</strong>,
+  and returns the completed response to the Connector for ultimate
+  transmission back to the client.</p>
+
+  <p>Exactly one <strong>Engine</strong> element MUST be nested inside
+  a <a href="service.html">Service</a> element, following all of the
+  corresponding Connector elements associated with this Service.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Engine</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">backgroundProcessorDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This value represents the delay in seconds between the
+        invocation of the backgroundProcess method on this engine and
+        its child containers, including all hosts and contexts.
+        Child containers will not be invoked if their delay value is not
+        negative (which would mean they are using their own processing
+        thread). Setting this to a positive value will cause
+        a thread to be spawn. After waiting the specified amount of time,
+        the thread will invoke the backgroundProcess method on this engine
+        and all its child containers. If not specified, the default value for
+        this attribute is 10, which represent a 10 seconds delay.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Engine</code> interface.
+        If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">defaultHost</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The default host name, which identifies the
+        <a href="host.html">Host</a> that will process requests directed
+        to host names on this server, but which are not configured in
+        this configuration file.  This name MUST match the <code>name</code>
+        attributes of one of the <a href="host.html">Host</a> elements
+        nested immediately inside.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">jvmRoute</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Identifier which must be used in load balancing scenarios to enable
+        session affinity. The identifier, which must be unique across all
+        Tomcat servers which participate in the cluster, will be appended to
+        the generated session identifier, therefore allowing the front end
+        proxy to always forward a particular session to the same Tomcat
+        instance.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Logical name of this Engine, used in log and error messages. <em>When
+        using multiple <a href="service.html">Service</a> elements in the same
+        <a href="server.html">Server</a>, each Engine MUST be assigned a unique
+        name.</em></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">startStopThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The number of threads this <strong>Engine</strong> will use to start
+        child <a href="host.html">Host</a> elements in parallel. The special
+        value of 0 will result in the value of
+        <code>Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()</code> being used.
+        Negative values will result in
+        <code>Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() + value</code> being
+        used unless this is less than 1 in which case 1 thread will be used. If
+        not specified, the default value of 1 will be used. </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Engine</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine</strong>.
+    It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+    common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>You can nest one or more <a href="host.html">Host</a> elements inside
+  this <strong>Engine</strong> element, each representing a different virtual
+  host associated with this server.  At least one <a href="host.html">Host</a>
+  is required, and one of the nested <a href="host.html">Hosts</a> MUST
+  have a name that matches the name specified for the
+  <code>defaultHost</code> attribute, listed above.</p>
+
+  <p>You can nest at most one instance of the following utility components
+  by nesting a corresponding element inside your <strong>Engine</strong>
+  element:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><a href="realm.html"><strong>Realm</strong></a> -
+      Configure a realm that will allow its
+      database of users, and their associated roles, to be shared across all
+      <a href="host.html">Hosts</a> and <a href="context.html">Contexts</a>
+      nested inside this Engine, unless overridden by a
+      <a href="realm.html">Realm</a> configuration at a lower level.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Logging"><strong>Logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>An engine is associated with the
+       <code>org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[enginename]</code>
+       log category.  Note that the brackets are actually part of the name,
+       don't omit them.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Logs"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Logs"><strong>Access Logs</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>When you run a web server, one of the output files normally generated
+    is an <em>access log</em>, which generates one line of information for
+    each request processed by the server, in a standard format.  Catalina
+    includes an optional <a href="valve.html">Valve</a> implementation that
+    can create access logs in the same standard format created by web servers,
+    or in any number of custom formats.</p>
+
+    <p>You can ask Catalina to create an access log for all requests
+    processed by an <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>,
+    <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or <a href="context.html">Context</a>
+    by nesting a <a href="valve.html">Valve</a> element like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Engine name="Standalone" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
+         prefix="catalina_access_log." suffix=".txt"
+         pattern="common"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Engine&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>See <a href="valve.html#Access Log Valve">Access Log Valve</a>
+    for more information on the configuration attributes that are
+    supported.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Lifecycle Listeners"><!--()--></a><a name="Lifecycle_Listeners"><strong>Lifecycle Listeners</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>If you have implemented a Java object that needs to know when this
+    <strong>Engine</strong> is started or stopped, you can declare it by
+    nesting a <strong>Listener</strong> element inside this element.  The
+    class name you specify must implement the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code> interface, and
+    it will be notified about the occurrence of the corresponding
+    lifecycle events.  Configuration of such a listener looks like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Engine name="Standalone" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Listener className="com.mycompany.mypackage.MyListener" ... &gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Engine&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that a Listener can have any number of additional properties
+    that may be configured from this element.  Attribute names are matched
+    to corresponding JavaBean property names using the standard property
+    method naming patterns.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Filters"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Filters"><strong>Request Filters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can ask Catalina to check the IP address, or host name, on every
+    incoming request directed to the surrounding
+    <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>, <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or
+    <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.  The remote address or name
+    will be checked against configured "accept" and/or "deny"
+    filters, which are defined using <code>java.util.regex</code> Regular
+    Expression syntax.  Requests that come from locations that are
+    not accepted will be rejected with an HTTP "Forbidden" error.
+    Example filter declarations:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Engine name="Standalone" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteHostValve"
+         allow=".*\.mycompany\.com|www\.yourcompany\.com"/&gt;
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+         deny="192\.168\.1\.\d+"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Engine&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <p>See <a href="valve.html#Remote Address Filter">Remote Address Filter</a>
+  and <a href="valve.html#Remote Host Filter">Remote Host Filter</a> for
+  more information about the configuration options that are supported.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
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+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/engine.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Executor (thread pool)</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Executor (thread pool)</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Executor</strong> represents a thread pool that can be shared
+     between components in Tomcat. Historically there has been a thread pool per
+     connector created but this allows you to share a thread pool, between (primarly) connector
+     but also other components when those get configured to support executors</p>
+
+
+  <p>The executor has to implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Executor</code> interface.</p>
+
+  <p>The executor is a nested element to the <a href="service.html">Service</a> element.
+     And in order for it to be picked up by the connectors, the Executor element has to appear
+     prior to the Connector element in server.xml</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>All implementations of <strong>Executor</strong>
+  support the following attributes:</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The class of the implementation. The implementation has to implement the
+         <code>org.apache.catalina.Executor</code> interface.
+         This interface ensures that the object can be referenced through its <code>name</code> attribute
+         and that implements Lifecycle, so that it can be started and stopped with the container.
+         The default value for the className is <code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardThreadExecutor</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name used to reference this pool in other places in server.xml.
+         The name is required and must be unique.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+  The default implementation supports the following attributes:</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">threadPriority</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The thread priority for threads in the executor, the default is
+      <code>5</code> (the value of the <code>Thread.NORM_PRIORITY</code> constant)</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">daemon</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Whether the threads should be daemon threads or not, the default is <code>true</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">namePrefix</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The name prefix for each thread created by the executor.
+         The thread name for an individual thread will be <code>namePrefix+threadNumber</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The max number of active threads in this pool, default is <code>200</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minSpareThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The minimum number of threads always kept alive, default is <code>25</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxIdleTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The number of milliseconds before an idle thread shutsdown, unless the number of active threads are less
+         or equal to minSpareThreads. Default value is <code>60000</code>(1 minute)</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxQueueSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The maximum number of runnable tasks that can queue up awaiting
+        execution before we reject them. Default value is <code>Integer.MAX_VALUE</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">prestartminSpareThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Whether minSpareThreads should be started when starting the Executor or not,
+          the default is <code>false</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">threadRenewalDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>After a context is stopped, threads in the pool are renewed. To avoid renewing all threads at the same time,
+        this delay is observed between 2 threads being renewed. Value is in ms, default value is 1000ms.
+        If negative, threads are not renewed.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - Container Provided Filters</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Container Provided Filters</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter">Add Default Character Set Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter">CORS Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#CORS_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#CORS_Filter_and_HttpServletRequest_attributes">CORS Filter and HttpServletRequest attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter">CSRF Prevention Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Expires_Filter">Expires Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Expires_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Basic_configuration_sample">Basic configuration sample</a></li><li><a href="#Alternate_Syntax">Alternate Syntax</a></li><li><a href="#Expiration_headers_generation_eligibility">Expiration headers generation eligibility</a></li><li><a href="#Expiration_configuration_selection">Expiration configuration selection</a></li><li><a href="#Expires_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Expires_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter">Failed Request Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Failed_Request_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter">Remote Address Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Example">Example</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter">Remote Host Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter">Remote IP Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Basic_configuration_to_handle_'x-forwarded-for'">Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for'</a></li><li><a href="#Basic_configuration_to_handle_'x-forwarded-for'_and_'x-forwarded-proto'">Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for' and 'x-forwarded-proto'</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_internal_proxies">Advanced configuration with internal proxies</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_trusted_proxies">Advanced configuration with trusted proxies</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_internal_and_trusted_proxies">Advanced configuration with internal and trusted proxies</a></li><li><a href="#Advanced_configuration_with_an_untrusted_proxy">Advanced configuration with an untrusted proxy</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter">Request Dumper Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Dumper_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Sample_Configuration">Sample Configuration</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter">Set Character Encoding Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter">WebDAV Fix Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Filter_Class_Name">Filter Class Name</a></li><li><a href="#WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Initialisation_parameters">Initialisation parameters</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Tomcat provides a number of <strong>Filters</strong> which may be
+  configured for use with all web applications using
+  <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code> or may be configured for individual
+  web applications by configuring them in the application's
+  <code>WEB-INF/web.xml</code>. Each filter is described below.</p>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>This description uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter"><strong>Add Default Character Set Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The HTTP specification is clear that if no character set is specified for
+    media sub-types of the "text" media type, the ISO-8859-1 character set must
+    be used. However, browsers may attempt to auto-detect the character set.
+    This may be exploited by an attacker to perform an XSS attack. Internet
+    Explorer has this behaviour by default. Other browsers have an option to
+    enable it.</p>
+
+    <p>This filter prevents the attack by explicitly setting a character set.
+    Unless the provided character set is explicitly overridden by the user the
+    browser will adhere to the explicitly set character set, thus preventing the
+    XSS attack.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Add Default Character Set Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.AddDefaultCharsetFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Add Default Character Set Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Add_Default_Character_Set_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The Add Default Character Set Filter supports the following initialization
+    parameters:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">encoding</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the character set which should be set, if no other character set
+        was set explicitly by a Servlet. This parameter has two special values
+        <code>default</code> and <code>system</code>. A value of <code>system</code>
+        uses the JVM wide default character set, which is usually set by locale.
+        A value of <code>default</code> will use <strong>ISO-8859-1</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="CORS_Filter"><strong>CORS Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="CORS_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>This filter is an implementation of W3C's CORS (Cross-Origin Resource
+    Sharing) <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/cors/">specification</a>, which is a
+    mechanism that enables cross-origin requests.</p>
+    <p>The filter works by adding required <code>Access-Control-*</code> headers
+    to HttpServletResponse object. The filter also protects against HTTP
+    response splitting. If request is invalid, or is not permitted, then request
+    is rejected with HTTP status code 403 (Forbidden). A
+    <a href="../images/cors-flowchart.png">flowchart</a> that
+    demonstrates request processing by this filter is available.</p>
+    <p>The minimal configuration required to use this filter is:</p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;filter&gt;
+  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+  &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+&lt;/filter&gt;
+&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
+  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="CORS_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>The filter class name for the CORS Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter</code></strong>.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="CORS_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>The CORS Filter supports following initialisation parameters:</p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.allowed.origins</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A list of <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6454">origins</a>
+        that are allowed to access the resource. A <code>*</code> can be
+        specified to enable access to resource from any origin. Otherwise, a
+        whitelist of comma separated origins can be provided. Eg: <code>
+        http://www.w3.org, https://www.apache.org</code>.
+        <strong>Defaults:</strong> <code>*</code> (Any origin is allowed to
+        access the resource).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.allowed.methods</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A comma separated list of HTTP methods that can be used to access the
+        resource, using cross-origin requests. These are the methods which will
+        also be included as part of <code>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</code> 
+        header in pre-flight response. Eg: <code>GET, POST</code>.
+        <strong>Defaults:</strong> <code>GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.allowed.headers</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A comma separated list of request headers that can be used when
+        making an actual request. These headers will also be returned as part 
+        of <code>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</code> header in a pre-flight
+        response. Eg: <code>Origin,Accept</code>. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
+        <code>Origin, Accept, X-Requested-With, Content-Type,
+        Access-Control-Request-Method, Access-Control-Request-Headers</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.exposed.headers</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A comma separated list of headers other than simple response headers
+        that browsers are allowed to access. These are the headers which will 
+        also be included as part of <code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code> 
+        header in the pre-flight response. Eg:
+        <code>X-CUSTOM-HEADER-PING,X-CUSTOM-HEADER-PONG</code>.
+        <strong>Default:</strong> None. Non-simple headers are not exposed by
+        default.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.preflight.maxage</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The amount of seconds, browser is allowed to cache the result of the
+        pre-flight request. This will be included as part of
+        <code>Access-Control-Max-Age</code> header in the pre-flight response.
+        A negative value will prevent CORS Filter from adding this response
+        header to pre-flight response. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
+        <code>1800</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.support.credentials</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A flag that indicates whether the resource supports user credentials.
+        This flag is exposed as part of
+        <code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code> header in a pre-flight
+        response. It helps browser determine whether or not an actual request
+        can be made using credentials. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
+        <code>true</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cors.request.decorate</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A flag to control if CORS specific attributes should be added to
+        HttpServletRequest object or not. <strong>Defaults:</strong>
+        <code>true</code></p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+    <p>Here's an example of a more advanced configuration, that overrides
+    defaults:</p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;filter&gt;
+  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+  &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.CorsFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+  &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.allowed.origins&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;*&lt;/param-value&gt;
+  &lt;/init-param&gt;
+  &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.allowed.methods&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;GET,POST,HEAD,OPTIONS,PUT&lt;/param-value&gt;
+  &lt;/init-param&gt;
+  &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.allowed.headers&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;Content-Type,X-Requested-With,accept,Origin,Access-Control-Request-Method,Access-Control-Request-Headers&lt;/param-value&gt;
+  &lt;/init-param&gt;
+  &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.exposed.headers&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;Access-Control-Allow-Origin,Access-Control-Allow-Credentials&lt;/param-value&gt;
+  &lt;/init-param&gt;
+  &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.support.credentials&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;true&lt;/param-value&gt;
+  &lt;/init-param&gt;
+  &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;cors.preflight.maxage&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;10&lt;/param-value&gt;
+  &lt;/init-param&gt;
+&lt;/filter&gt;
+&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
+  &lt;filter-name&gt;CorsFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+  &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CORS Filter and HttpServletRequest attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="CORS_Filter_and_HttpServletRequest_attributes"><strong>CORS Filter and HttpServletRequest attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>CORS Filter adds information about the request, in HttpServletRequest
+    object, for consumption downstream. Following attributes are set, if
+    <code>cors.request.decorate</code> initialisation parameter is
+    <code>true</code>:</p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><strong>cors.isCorsRequest:</strong> Flag to determine if request is
+          a CORS request.</li>
+      <li><strong>cors.request.origin:</strong> The Origin URL, i.e. the URL of
+          the page from where the request originated.</li>
+      <li><strong>cors.request.type:</strong> Type of CORS request. Possible
+          values:
+        <ul>
+          <li><code>SIMPLE</code>: A request which is not preceded by a
+              pre-flight request.</li>
+          <li><code>ACTUAL</code>: A request which is preceded by a pre-flight
+              request.</li>
+          <li><code>PRE_FLIGHT</code>: A pre-flight request.</li>
+          <li><code>NOT_CORS</code>: A normal same-origin request.</li>
+          <li><code>INVALID_CORS</code>: A cross-origin request, which is
+              invalid.</li>
+        </ul>
+      </li>
+      <li><strong>cors.request.headers:</strong> Request headers sent as
+          <code>Access-Control-Request-Headers</code> header, for a pre-flight 
+          request.
+      </li>
+    </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter"><strong>CSRF Prevention Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>This filter provides basic CSRF protection for a web application. The
+    filter assumes that it is mapped to <code>/*</code> and that all URLs
+    returned to the client are encoded via a call to
+    <code>HttpServletResponse#encodeRedirectURL(String)</code> or
+    <code>HttpServletResponse#encodeURL(String)</code>.</p>
+
+    <p>This filter prevents CSRF by generating a nonce and storing it in the
+    session. URLs are also encoded with the same nonce. When the next request is
+    received the nonce in the request is compared to the nonce in the session
+    and only if they are the same is the request allowed to continue.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the CSRF Prevention Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.CsrfPreventionFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CSRF Prevention Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="CSRF_Prevention_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The CSRF Prevention Filter supports the following initialisation
+    parameters:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">denyStatus</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>HTTP response status code that is used when rejecting denied
+        request. The default value is <code>403</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">entryPoints</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A comma separated list of URLs that will not be tested for the
+        presence of a valid nonce. They are used to provide a way to navigate
+        back to a protected application after having navigated away from it.
+        Entry points will be limited to HTTP GET requests and should not trigger
+        any security sensitive actions.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">nonceCacheSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The number of previously issued nonces that will be cached on a LRU
+        basis to support parallel requests, limited use of the refresh and back
+        in the browser and similar behaviors that may result in the submission
+        of a previous nonce rather than the current one. If not set, the default
+        value of 5 will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">randomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the class to use to generate nonces. The class must be an
+        instance of <code>java.util.Random</code>. If not set, the default value
+        of <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Expires_Filter"><strong>Expires Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Expires_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+    ExpiresFilter is a Java Servlet API port of <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_expires.html">Apache
+    mod_expires</a>.
+    This filter controls the setting of the <code>Expires</code> HTTP header and the
+    <code>max-age</code> directive of the <code>Cache-Control</code> HTTP header in
+    server responses. The expiration date can set to be relative to either the
+    time the source file was last modified, or to the time of the client access.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+    These HTTP headers are an instruction to the client about the document's
+    validity and persistence. If cached, the document may be fetched from the
+    cache rather than from the source until this time has passed. After that, the
+    cache copy is considered "expired" and invalid, and a new copy must
+    be obtained from the source.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    To modify <code>Cache-Control</code> directives other than <code>max-age</code> (see
+    <a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.9">RFC
+    2616 section 14.9</a>), you can use other servlet filters or <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_headers.html">Apache Httpd
+    mod_headers</a> module.
+    </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Basic configuration sample"><!--()--></a><a name="Basic_configuration_sample"><strong>Basic configuration sample</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+    Basic configuration to add '<code>Expires</code>' and '<code>Cache-Control: max-age=</code>'
+    headers to images, css and javascript.
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;filter&gt;
+ &lt;filter-name&gt;ExpiresFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+ &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+ &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType image&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 10 minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
+ &lt;/init-param&gt;
+ &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType text/css&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 10 minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
+ &lt;/init-param&gt;
+ &lt;init-param&gt;
+    &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType application/javascript&lt;/param-name&gt;
+    &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 10 minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
+ &lt;/init-param&gt;
+&lt;/filter&gt;
+...
+&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
+ &lt;filter-name&gt;ExpiresFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+ &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+ &lt;dispatcher&gt;REQUEST&lt;/dispatcher&gt;
+&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;
+
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Alternate Syntax"><!--()--></a><a name="Alternate_Syntax"><strong>Alternate Syntax</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+    The <code>ExpiresDefault</code> and <code>ExpiresByType</code> directives can also be
+    defined in a more readable syntax of the form:
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;&lt;base&gt; [plus] {&lt;num&gt;   &lt;type&gt;}*&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType type&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;&lt;base&gt; [plus]   {&lt;num&gt; &lt;type&gt;}*&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType type;encoding&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;&lt;base&gt; [plus]   {&lt;num&gt; &lt;type&gt;}*&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+    where <code>&lt;base&gt;</code> is one of:
+    <ul>
+    <li><code>access</code></li>
+    <li><code>now</code> (equivalent to '<code>access</code>')</li>
+    <li><code>modification</code></li>
+    </ul>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    The <code>plus</code> keyword is optional. <code>&lt;num&gt;</code> should be an
+    integer value (acceptable to <code>Integer.parseInt()</code>), and
+    <code>&lt;type&gt;</code> is one of:
+    <ul>
+    <li><code>years</code></li>
+    <li><code>months</code></li>
+    <li><code>weeks</code></li>
+    <li><code>days</code></li>
+    <li><code>hours</code></li>
+    <li><code>minutes</code></li>
+    <li><code>seconds</code></li>
+    </ul>
+    For example, any of the following directives can be used to make documents
+    expire 1 month after being accessed, by default:
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 1 month&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 4 weeks&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresDefault&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 30 days&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>
+The expiry time can be fine-tuned by adding several '
+<code>&lt;num&gt; &lt;type&gt;</code>' clauses:
+</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType text/html&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 1 month 15   days 2 hours&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType image/gif&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;modification plus 5 hours 3   minutes&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+    Note that if you use a modification date based setting, the <code>Expires</code>
+    header will <strong>not</strong> be added to content that does not come from
+    a file on disk. This is due to the fact that there is no modification time
+    for such content.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expiration headers generation eligibility"><!--()--></a><a name="Expiration_headers_generation_eligibility"><strong>Expiration headers generation eligibility</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+    A response is eligible to be enriched by <code>ExpiresFilter</code> if :
+    <ol>
+    <li>no expiration header is defined (<code>Expires</code> header or the
+    <code>max-age</code> directive of the <code>Cache-Control</code> header),</li>
+    <li>the response status code is not excluded by the directive
+    <code>ExpiresExcludedResponseStatusCodes</code>,</li>
+    <li>the <code>Content-Type</code> of the response matches one of the types
+    defined the in <code>ExpiresByType</code> directives or the
+    <code>ExpiresDefault</code> directive is defined.</li>
+    </ol>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Note : If <code>Cache-Control</code> header contains other directives than
+    <code>max-age</code>, they are concatenated with the <code>max-age</code> directive
+    that is added by the <code>ExpiresFilter</code>.
+    </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expiration configuration selection"><!--()--></a><a name="Expiration_configuration_selection"><strong>Expiration configuration selection</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+    The expiration configuration if elected according to the following algorithm:
+    <ol>
+    <li><code>ExpiresByType</code> matching the exact content-type returned by
+    <code>HttpServletResponse.getContentType()</code> possibly including the charset
+    (e.g. '<code>text/xml;charset=UTF-8</code>'),</li>
+    <li><code>ExpiresByType</code> matching the content-type without the charset if
+    <code>HttpServletResponse.getContentType()</code> contains a charset (e.g. '
+    <code>text/xml;charset=UTF-8</code>' -&gt; '<code>text/xml</code>'),</li>
+    <li><code>ExpiresByType</code> matching the major type (e.g. substring before
+    '<code>/</code>') of <code>HttpServletResponse.getContentType()</code>
+    (e.g. '<code>text/xml;charset=UTF-8</code>' -&gt; '<code>text</code>
+    '),</li>
+    <li><code>ExpiresDefault</code></li>
+    </ol>
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Expires_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Expires Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expires Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Expires_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Expires Filter</strong> supports the following
+    initialisation parameters:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ExpiresExcludedResponseStatusCodes</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+         <p>
+         This directive defines the http response status codes for which the
+         <code>ExpiresFilter</code> will not generate expiration headers. By default, the
+         <code>304</code> status code ("<code>Not modified</code>") is skipped. The
+         value is a comma separated list of http status codes.
+         </p>
+         <p>
+         This directive is useful to ease usage of <code>ExpiresDefault</code> directive.
+         Indeed, the behavior of <code>304 Not modified</code> (which does specify a
+         <code>Content-Type</code> header) combined with <code>Expires</code> and
+         <code>Cache-Control:max-age=</code> headers can be unnecessarily tricky to
+         understand.
+         </p>
+         <p><i>See sample below the table</i></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ExpiresByType &lt;content-type&gt;</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+         <p>
+         This directive defines the value of the <code>Expires</code> header and the
+         <code>max-age</code> directive of the <code>Cache-Control</code> header generated for
+         documents of the specified type (<i>e.g.</i>, <code>text/html</code>). The second
+         argument sets the number of seconds that will be added to a base time to
+         construct the expiration date. The <code>Cache-Control: max-age</code> is
+         calculated by subtracting the request time from the expiration date and
+         expressing the result in seconds.
+         </p>
+         <p>
+         The base time is either the last modification time of the file, or the time
+         of the client's access to the document. Which should be used is
+         specified by the <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> field; <code>M</code> means that the
+         file's last modification time should be used as the base time, and
+         <code>A</code> means the client's access time should be used. The duration
+         is expressed in seconds. <code>A2592000</code> stands for
+         <code>access plus 30 days</code> in alternate syntax.
+         </p>
+         <p>
+         The difference in effect is subtle. If <code>M</code> (<code>modification</code> in
+         alternate syntax) is used, all current copies of the document in all caches
+         will expire at the same time, which can be good for something like a weekly
+         notice that's always found at the same URL. If <code>A</code> (
+         <code>access</code> or <code>now</code> in alternate syntax) is used, the date of
+         expiration is different for each client; this can be good for image files
+         that don't change very often, particularly for a set of related
+         documents that all refer to the same images (<i>i.e.</i>, the images will be
+         accessed repeatedly within a relatively short timespan).
+         </p>
+         <p>
+         <strong>Note:</strong> When the content type includes a charset (e.g.
+         <code>'ExpiresByType text/xml;charset=utf-8'</code>), Tomcat removes blank chars
+         between the '<code>;</code>' and the '<code>charset</code>' keyword. Due to this,
+         configuration of an expiration with a charset must <strong>not</strong> include
+         such a space character.
+         </p>
+         <p><i>See sample below the table</i></p>
+         <p>
+         It overrides, for the specified MIME type <i>only</i>, any
+         expiration date set by the <code>ExpiresDefault</code> directive.
+         </p>
+         <p>
+         You can also specify the expiration time calculation using an alternate
+         syntax, described earlier in this document.
+         </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ExpiresDefault</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+         <p>
+         This directive sets the default algorithm for calculating the
+         expiration time for all documents in the affected realm. It can be
+         overridden on a type-by-type basis by the <code>ExpiresByType</code> directive. See the
+         description of that directive for details about the syntax of the
+         argument, and the "alternate syntax"
+         description as well.
+         </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p><i>Sample : exclude response status codes 302, 500 and 503</i></p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+ &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresExcludedResponseStatusCodes&lt;/param-name&gt;
+ &lt;param-value&gt;302, 500, 503&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p><i>Sample for ExpiresByType initialization parameter</i></p>
+
+         <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+   &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType text/html&lt;/param-name&gt;
+   &lt;param-value&gt;access plus 1 month 15   days 2 hours&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+
+&lt;init-param&gt;
+   &lt;!-- 2592000 seconds = 30 days --&gt;
+   &lt;param-name&gt;ExpiresByType image/gif&lt;/param-name&gt;
+   &lt;param-value&gt;A2592000&lt;/param-value&gt;
+&lt;/init-param&gt;
+         </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Troubleshooting"><strong>Troubleshooting</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+    To troubleshoot, enable logging on the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter</code>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Extract of logging.properties
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter.level = FINE
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+    Sample of initialization log message:
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Mar 26, 2010 2:01:41 PM org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter init
+FINE: Filter initialized with configuration ExpiresFilter[
+ excludedResponseStatusCode=[304],
+ default=null,
+ byType={
+    image=ExpiresConfiguration[startingPoint=ACCESS_TIME, duration=[10 MINUTE]],
+    text/css=ExpiresConfiguration[startingPoint=ACCESS_TIME, duration=[10 MINUTE]],
+    text/javascript=ExpiresConfiguration[startingPoint=ACCESS_TIME, duration=[10 MINUTE]]}]
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+    Sample of per-request log message where <code>ExpiresFilter</code> adds an
+    expiration date is below. The message is on one line and is wrapped here
+    for better readability.
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Mar 26, 2010 2:09:47 PM org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter onBeforeWriteResponseBody
+FINE: Request "/tomcat.gif" with response status "200"
+ content-type "image/gif", set expiration date 3/26/10 2:19 PM
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+    Sample of per-request log message where <code>ExpiresFilter</code> does not add
+    an expiration date:
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Mar 26, 2010 2:10:27 PM org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter onBeforeWriteResponseBody
+FINE: Request "/docs/config/manager.html" with response status "200"
+ content-type "text/html", no expiration configured
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Failed Request Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Failed_Request_Filter"><strong>Failed Request Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Failed Request Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Failed_Request_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>This filter triggers parameters parsing in a request and rejects the
+    request if some parameters were skipped during parameter parsing because
+    of parsing errors or request size limitations (such as
+    <code>maxParameterCount</code> attribute in a
+    <a href="http.html">Connector</a>).
+    This filter can be used to ensure that none parameter values submitted by
+    client are lost.</p>
+
+    <p>Note that parameter parsing may consume the body of an HTTP request, so
+    caution is needed if the servlet protected by this filter uses
+    <code>request.getInputStream()</code> or <code>request.getReader()</code>
+    calls. In general the risk of breaking a web application by adding this
+    filter is not so high, because parameter parsing does check content type
+    of the request before consuming the request body.</p>
+
+    <p>Note, that for the POST requests to be parsed correctly, a
+    <code>SetCharacterEncodingFilter</code> filter must be configured above
+    this one. See CharacterEncoding page in the FAQ for details.</p>
+
+    <p>The request is rejected with HTTP status code 400 (Bad Request).</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Failed Request Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Failed_Request_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Failed Request Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.FailedRequestFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Failed Request Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Failed_Request_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The Failed Request Filter does not support any initialization parameters.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter"><strong>Remote Address Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Address Filter</strong> allows you to compare the
+    IP address of the client that submitted this request against one or more
+    <em>regular expressions</em>, and either allow the request to continue
+    or refuse to process the request from this client. </p>
+
+    <p>The syntax for <em>regular expressions</em> is different than that for
+    'standard' wildcard matching. Tomcat uses the <code>java.util.regex</code>
+    package. Please consult the Java documentation for details of the
+    expressions supported.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> There is a caveat when using this filter with
+    IPv6 addresses. Format of the IP address that this valve is processing
+    depends on the API that was used to obtain it. If the address was obtained
+    from Java socket using Inet6Address class, its format will be
+    <code>x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x</code>. That is, the IP address for localhost
+    will be <code>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</code> instead of the more widely used
+    <code>::1</code>. Consult your access logs for the actual value.</p>
+
+    <p>See also: <a href="#Remote_Host_Filter">Remote Host Filter</a>.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Remote Address Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteAddrFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Address Filter</strong> supports the following
+    initialisation parameters:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allow</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's IP address is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote address MUST match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, all requests will be
+        accepted UNLESS the remote address matches a <code>deny</code>
+        pattern.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deny</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's IP address is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote address MUST NOT match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, request acceptance is
+        governed solely by the <code>accept</code> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">denyStatus</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>HTTP response status code that is used when rejecting denied
+        request. The default value is <code>403</code>. For example,
+        it can be set to the value <code>404</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Example"><strong>Example</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>To allow access only for the clients connecting from localhost:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+    &lt;filter&gt;
+      &lt;filter-name&gt;Remote Address Filter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+      &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteAddrFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+      &lt;init-param&gt;
+        &lt;param-name&gt;allow&lt;/param-name&gt;
+        &lt;param-value&gt;127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1&lt;/param-value&gt;
+      &lt;/init-param&gt;
+    &lt;/filter&gt;
+    &lt;filter-mapping&gt;
+      &lt;filter-name&gt;Remote Address Filter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+      &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+    &lt;/filter-mapping&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter"><strong>Remote Host Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Host Filter</strong> allows you to compare the
+    hostname of the client that submitted this request against one or more
+    <em>regular expressions</em>, and either allow the request to continue
+    or refuse to process the request from this client. </p>
+
+    <p>The syntax for <em>regular expressions</em> is different than that for
+    'standard' wildcard matching. Tomcat uses the <code>java.util.regex</code>
+    package. Please consult the Java documentation for details of the
+    expressions supported.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> This filter processes the value returned by
+    method <code>ServletRequest.getRemoteHost()</code>. To allow the method
+    to return proper host names, you have to enable "DNS lookups" feature on
+    a <strong>Connector</strong>.</p>
+
+    <p>See also: <a href="#Remote_Address_Filter">Remote Address Filter</a>,
+    <a href="http.html">HTTP Connector</a> configuration.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Remote Address Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteHostFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Host Filter</strong> supports the following
+    initialisation parameters:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allow</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's hostname is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote hostname MUST match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, all requests will be
+        accepted UNLESS the remote hostname matches a <code>deny</code>
+        pattern.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deny</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's hostname is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote hostname MUST NOT match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, request acceptance is
+        governed solely by the <code>accept</code> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">denyStatus</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>HTTP response status code that is used when rejecting denied
+        request. The default value is <code>403</code>. For example,
+        it can be set to the value <code>404</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_IP_Filter"><strong>Remote IP Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_IP_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Tomcat port of
+    <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a>,
+    this filter replaces the apparent client remote IP address and hostname for
+    the request with the IP address list presented by a proxy or a load balancer
+    via a request headers (e.g. "X-Forwarded-For").</p>
+
+    <p>Another feature of this filter is to replace the apparent scheme
+    (http/https), server port and <code>request.secure</code> with the scheme presented
+    by a proxy or a load balancer via a request header
+    (e.g. "X-Forwarded-Proto").</p>
+
+    <p>If used in conjunction with Remote Address/Host filters then this filter
+    should be defined first to ensure that the correct client IP address is
+    presented to the Remote Address/Host filters.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> By default this filter has no effect on the
+    values that are written into access log. The original values are restored
+    when request processing leaves the filter and that always happens earlier
+    than access logging. To pass the remote address, remote host, server port
+    and protocol values set by this filter to the access log,
+    they are put into request attributes. Publishing these values here
+    is enabled by default, but <code>AccessLogValve</code> should be explicitly
+    configured to use them. See documentation for
+    <code>requestAttributesEnabled</code> attribute of
+    <code>AccessLogValve</code>.</p>
+
+    <p>The names of request attributes that are set by this filter
+    and can be used by access logging are the following:</p>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.RemoteAddr</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.RemoteHost</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.Protocol</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.ServerPort</code></li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_IP_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Remote IP Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for'"><!--()--></a><a name="Basic_configuration_to_handle_'x-forwarded-for'"><strong>Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for'</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+    The filter will process the <code>x-forwarded-for</code> http header.
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+      &lt;filter&gt;
+        &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+        &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+      &lt;/filter&gt;
+
+      &lt;filter-mapping&gt;
+        &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+        &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+        &lt;dispatcher&gt;REQUEST&lt;/dispatcher&gt;
+      &lt;/filter-mapping&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for' and 'x-forwarded-proto'"><!--()--></a><a name="Basic_configuration_to_handle_'x-forwarded-for'_and_'x-forwarded-proto'"><strong>Basic configuration to handle 'x-forwarded-for' and 'x-forwarded-proto'</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+    The filter will process <code>x-forwarded-for</code> and
+    <code>x-forwarded-proto</code> http headers. Expected value for the
+    <code>x-forwarded-proto</code> header in case of SSL connections is
+    <code>https</code> (case insensitive). </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+      &lt;filter&gt;
+        &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+        &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+        &lt;init-param&gt;
+          &lt;param-name&gt;protocolHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+          &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-proto&lt;/param-value&gt;
+        &lt;/init-param&gt;
+      &lt;/filter&gt;
+
+      &lt;filter-mapping&gt;
+        &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+        &lt;url-pattern&gt;/*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+        &lt;dispatcher&gt;REQUEST&lt;/dispatcher&gt;
+      &lt;/filter-mapping&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced configuration with internal proxies"><!--()--></a><a name="Advanced_configuration_with_internal_proxies"><strong>Advanced configuration with internal proxies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+     &lt;filter&gt;
+       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;protocolHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-proto&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+     &lt;/filter&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>Request values:
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+      <tr>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value Before RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value After RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
+        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130, 192.168.0.10 </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-proto'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> https </td>
+        <td> https </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.scheme </td>
+        <td> http </td>
+        <td> https </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.secure </td>
+        <td> false </td>
+        <td> true </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.serverPort </td>
+        <td> 80 </td>
+        <td> 443 </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Note : <code>x-forwarded-by</code> header is <code>null</code> because only
+    internal proxies has been traversed by the request.
+    <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is <code>null</code> because all the proxies are
+    trusted or internal.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced configuration with trusted proxies"><!--()--></a><a name="Advanced_configuration_with_trusted_proxies"><strong>Advanced configuration with trusted proxies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+     &lt;filter&gt;
+       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;trustedProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;proxy1|proxy2&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+     &lt;/filter&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>Request values: <table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+      <tr>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value Before RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value After RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
+        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130, proxy1, proxy2 </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+        <td> proxy1, proxy2 </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Note : <code>proxy1</code> and <code>proxy2</code> are both trusted proxies that
+    come in <code>x-forwarded-for</code> header, they both are migrated in
+    <code>x-forwarded-by</code> header. <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is <code>null</code>
+    because all the proxies are trusted or internal.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced configuration with internal and trusted proxies"><!--()--></a><a name="Advanced_configuration_with_internal_and_trusted_proxies"><strong>Advanced configuration with internal and trusted proxies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+     &lt;filter&gt;
+       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;trustedProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;proxy1|proxy2&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+     &lt;/filter&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>Request values: <table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+      <tr>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value Before RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value After RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
+        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130, proxy1, proxy2, 192.168.0.10 </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+        <td> proxy1, proxy2 </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Note : <code>proxy1</code> and <code>proxy2</code> are both trusted proxies that
+    come in <code>x-forwarded-for</code> header, they both are migrated in
+    <code>x-forwarded-by</code> header. As <code>192.168.0.10</code> is an internal
+    proxy, it does not appear in <code>x-forwarded-by</code>.
+    <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is <code>null</code> because all the proxies are
+    trusted or internal.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced configuration with an untrusted proxy"><!--()--></a><a name="Advanced_configuration_with_an_untrusted_proxy"><strong>Advanced configuration with an untrusted proxy</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>RemoteIpFilter configuration: </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+     &lt;filter&gt;
+       &lt;filter-name&gt;RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+       &lt;filter-class&gt;org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter&lt;/filter-class&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;allowedInternalProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;192\.168\.0\.10|192\.168\.0\.11&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-for&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;remoteIpProxiesHeader&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;x-forwarded-by&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+       &lt;init-param&gt;
+         &lt;param-name&gt;trustedProxies&lt;/param-name&gt;
+         &lt;param-value&gt;proxy1|proxy2&lt;/param-value&gt;
+       &lt;/init-param&gt;
+     &lt;/filter&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>Request values: <table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+      <tr>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value Before RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+        <th bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Value After RemoteIpFilter</font></th>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.remoteAddr </td>
+        <td> 192.168.0.10 </td>
+        <td> untrusted-proxy </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-for'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130, untrusted-proxy, proxy1 </td>
+        <td> 140.211.11.130 </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td> request.header<code>[</code>'x-forwarded-by'<code>]</code> </td>
+        <td> null </td>
+        <td> proxy1 </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Note : <code>x-forwarded-by</code> holds the trusted proxy <code>proxy1</code>.
+    <code>x-forwarded-by</code> holds <code>140.211.11.130</code> because
+    <code>untrusted-proxy</code> is not trusted and thus, we can not trust that
+    <code>untrusted-proxy</code> is the actual remote ip.
+    <code>request.remoteAddr</code> is <code>untrusted-proxy</code> that is an IP
+    verified by <code>proxy1</code>.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_IP_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote IP Filter</strong> supports the
+    following initialisation parameters:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">remoteIpHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the list of
+        traversed IP addresses starting from the requesting client. If not
+        specified, the default of <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">internalProxies</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that a
+        proxy's IP address must match to be considered an internal proxy.
+        Internal proxies that appear in the <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong> will
+        be trusted and will not appear in the <strong>proxiesHeader</strong>
+        value. If not specified the default value of <code>
+        10\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|192\.168\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|169\.254\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|127\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}
+        </code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">proxiesHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP header created by this valve to hold the list of
+        proxies that have been processed in the incoming
+        <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong>. If not specified, the default of
+        <code>x-forwarded-by</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">requestAttributesEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to set the request attributes used by
+        AccessLog implementations to override the values returned by the
+        request for remote address, remote host, server port and protocol.
+        If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">trustedProxies</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that a
+        proxy's IP address must match to be considered an trusted proxy.
+        Trusted proxies that appear in the <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong> will
+        be trusted and will appear in the <strong>proxiesHeader</strong> value.
+        If not specified, no proxies will be trusted.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocolHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the protocol
+        used by the client to connect to the proxy. If not specified, the
+        default of <code>null</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">portHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the port
+        used by the client to connect to the proxy. If not specified, the
+        default of <code>null</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocolHeaderHttpsValue</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Value of the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> to indicate that it is
+        an HTTPS request. If not specified, the default of <code>https</code> is
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">httpServerPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Value returned by <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>
+        when the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> indicates <code>http</code>
+        protocol and no <strong>portHeader</strong> is present. If not
+        specified, the default of <code>80</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">httpsServerPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Value returned by <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>
+        when the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> indicates <code>https</code>
+        protocol and no <strong>portHeader</strong> is present. If not
+        specified, the default of <code>443</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeLocalPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, the value returned by
+        <code>ServletRequest.getLocalPort()</code> and
+        <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code> is modified by the this
+        filter. If not specified, the default of <code>false</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Dumper Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Dumper_Filter"><strong>Request Dumper Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Dumper Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Dumper_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The Request Dumper Filter logs information from the request and response
+    objects and is intended to be used for debugging purposes. When using this
+    Filter, it is recommended that the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.filter.RequestDumperFilter</code> logger is
+    directed to a dedicated file and that the
+    <code>org.apache.juli.VerbatimFormmater</code> is used.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>WARNING: Using this filter has side-effects.</strong>  The
+    output from this filter includes any parameters included with the request.
+    The parameters will be decoded using the default platform encoding. Any
+    subsequent calls to <code>request.setCharacterEncoding()</code> within
+    the web application will have no effect.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Dumper Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Dumper_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Request Dumper Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Dumper Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Dumper_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The Request Dumper Filter does not support any initialization
+    parameters.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Sample Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="Sample_Configuration"><strong>Sample Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following entries in a web application's web.xml would enable the
+    Request Dumper filter for all requests for that web application. If the
+    entries were added to <code>CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>, the Request
+    Dumper Filter would be enabled for all web applications.</p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;filter&gt;
+    &lt;filter-name&gt;requestdumper&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+    &lt;filter-class&gt;
+        org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter
+    &lt;/filter-class&gt;
+&lt;/filter&gt;
+&lt;filter-mapping&gt;
+    &lt;filter-name&gt;requestdumper&lt;/filter-name&gt;
+    &lt;url-pattern&gt;*&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+&lt;/filter-mapping&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>The following entries in CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties would
+    create a separate log file for the Request Dumper Filter output.</p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+# To this configuration below, 1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler
+# also needs to be added to the handlers property near the top of the file
+1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = INFO
+1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = request-dumper.
+1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.formatter = org.apache.juli.VerbatimFormatter
+org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter.level = INFO
+org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter.handlers = \
+  1request-dumper.org.apache.juli.FileHandler
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter"><strong>Set Character Encoding Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>User agents don't always include character encoding information in
+    requests. Depending on the how the request is processed, usually the
+    default encoding of ISO-8859-1 is used. This is not always
+    desirable. This filter provides options for setting that encoding or
+    forcing it to a particular value. Essentially this filter calls
+    <code>ServletRequest.setCharacterEncoding()</code> method.</p>
+
+    <p>Effectively the value set by this filter is used when parsing parameters
+    in a POST request, if parameter parsing occurs later than this filter. Thus
+    the order of filter mappings is important. Note that the encoding for GET
+    requests is not set here, but on a <b>Connector</b>. See
+    CharacterEncoding page in the FAQ for details.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the Set Character Encoding Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Set Character Encoding Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Set_Character_Encoding_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The Set Character Encoding Filter supports the following initialization
+    parameters:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">encoding</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the character encoding which should be set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ignore</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Determines if any character encoding specified by the user agent is
+        ignored. If this attribute is <code>true</code>, any value provided by
+        the user agent is ignored. If <code>false</code>, the encoding is only
+        set if the user agent did not specify an encoding. The default value
+        is <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="WebDAV Fix Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="WebDAV_Fix_Filter"><strong>WebDAV Fix Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="WebDAV Fix Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Microsoft operating systems have two WebDAV clients. One is used with
+    port 80, the other is used for all other ports. The implementation used with
+    port 80 does not adhere to the WebDAV specification and fails when trying to
+    communicate with the Tomcat WebDAV Servlet. This Filter provides a fix for
+    this by forcing the use of the WebDAV implementation that works, even when
+    connecting via port 80.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="WebDAV Fix Filter/Filter Class Name"><!--()--></a><a name="WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Filter_Class_Name"><strong>Filter Class Name</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The filter class name for the WebDAV Fix Filter is
+    <strong><code>org.apache.catalina.filters.WebdavFixFilter</code>
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="WebDAV Fix Filter/Initialisation parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="WebDAV_Fix_Filter/Initialisation_parameters"><strong>Initialisation parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The WebDAV Fix Filter does not support any initialization parameters.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
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@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The GlobalNamingResources Component</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The GlobalNamingResources Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Environment_Entries">Environment Entries</a></li><li><a href="#Resource_Definitions">Resource Definitions</a></li><li><a href="#Resource_Links">Resource Links</a></li><li><a href="#Transaction">Transaction</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>GlobalNamingResources</strong> element defines the global
+  JNDI resources for the <a href="server.html">Server</a>.</p>
+
+  <p>These resources are listed in the server's global JNDI resource context.
+   This context is distinct from the per-web-application JNDI contexts
+  described in
+  the <a href="../jndi-resources-howto.html">JNDI Resources HOW-TO</a>.
+  The resources defined in this element are <strong>not</strong> visible in
+  the per-web-application contexts unless you explicitly link them with
+  <a href="context.html#Resource Links">&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</a> elements.
+  </p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environment Entries"><!--()--></a><a name="Environment_Entries"><strong>Environment Entries</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>You can configure named values that will be made visible to all
+    web applications as environment entry resources by nesting
+    <code>&lt;Environment&gt;</code> entries inside this element. For
+    example, you can create an environment entry like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;GlobalNamingResources ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Environment name="maxExemptions" value="10"
+         type="java.lang.Integer" override="false"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/GlobalNamingResources&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>This is equivalent to the inclusion of the following element in the
+    web application deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>):
+    </p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;env-entry&gt;
+  &lt;env-entry-name&gt;maxExemptions&lt;/env-entry-name&gt;
+  &lt;env-entry-value&gt;10&lt;/env-entry-value&gt;
+  &lt;env-entry-type&gt;java.lang.Integer&lt;/env-entry-type&gt;
+&lt;/env-entry&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>but does <em>not</em> require modification of the deployment descriptor
+    to customize this value.</p>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for an <code>&lt;Environment&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">description</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Optional, human-readable description of this environment entry.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the environment entry to be created, relative to the
+        <code>java:comp/env</code> context.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">override</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set this to <code>false</code> if you do <strong>not</strong> want
+        an <code>&lt;env-entry&gt;</code> for the same environment entry name,
+        found in the web application deployment descriptor, to override the
+        value specified here.  By default, overrides are allowed.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">type</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The fully qualified Java class name expected by the web application
+        for this environment entry.  Must be a legal value for
+        <code>&lt;env-entry-type&gt;</code> in the web application deployment
+        descriptor.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">value</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The parameter value that will be presented to the application
+        when requested from the JNDI context.  This value must be convertable
+        to the Java type defined by the <code>type</code> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Resource Definitions"><!--()--></a><a name="Resource_Definitions"><strong>Resource Definitions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can declare the characteristics of resources
+    to be returned for JNDI lookups of <code>&lt;resource-ref&gt;</code> and
+    <code>&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;</code> elements in the web application
+    deployment descriptor by defining them in this element and then linking
+    them with <a href="context.html#Resource Links">&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</a>
+    elements
+    in the <code><strong>&lt;Context&gt;</strong></code> element.
+
+    You <strong>MUST</strong> also define any other needed parameters using
+    attributes on the Resource element, to configure
+    the object factory to be used (if not known to Tomcat already), and
+    the properties used to configure that object factory.</p>
+
+    <p>For example, you can create a resource definition like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;GlobalNamingResources ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Resource name="jdbc/EmployeeDB" auth="Container"
+            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+     description="Employees Database for HR Applications"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/GlobalNamingResources&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>This is equivalent to the inclusion of the following element in the
+    web application deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>):</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-ref&gt;
+  &lt;description&gt;Employees Database for HR Applications&lt;/description&gt;
+  &lt;res-ref-name&gt;jdbc/EmployeeDB&lt;/res-ref-name&gt;
+  &lt;res-ref-type&gt;javax.sql.DataSource&lt;/res-ref-type&gt;
+  &lt;res-auth&gt;Container&lt;/res-auth&gt;
+&lt;/resource-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>but does <em>not</em> require modification of the deployment
+    descriptor to customize this value.</p>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for a <code>&lt;Resource&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">auth</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specify whether the web Application code signs on to the
+        corresponding resource manager programmatically, or whether the
+        Container will sign on to the resource manager on behalf of the
+        application.  The value of this attribute must be
+        <code>Application</code> or <code>Container</code>.  This
+        attribute is <strong>required</strong> if the web application
+        will use a <code>&lt;resource-ref&gt;</code> element in the web
+        application deployment descriptor, but is optional if the
+        application uses a <code>&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;</code> instead.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">closeMethod</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the zero-argument method to call on a singleton resource when
+        it is no longer required. This is intended to speed up clean-up of
+        resources that would otherwise happen as part of garbage collection.
+        This attribute is ignored if the <code>singleton</code> attribute is
+        false. If not specificed, no default is defined and no close method will
+        be called.</p>
+        <p>For Apache Commons DBCP and Apache Tomcat JDBC connection pools
+        you can use <code>closeMethod="close"</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">description</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Optional, human-readable description of this resource.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the resource to be created, relative to the
+        <code>java:comp/env</code> context.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scope</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specify whether connections obtained through this resource
+        manager can be shared.  The value of this attribute must be
+        <code>Shareable</code> or <code>Unshareable</code>.  By default,
+        connections are assumed to be shareable.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">singleton</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specify whether this resource definition is for a singleton resource,
+        i.e. one where there is only a single instance of the resource. If this
+        attribute is <code>true</code>, multiple JNDI lookups for this resource
+        will return the same object. If this attribute is <code>false</code>,
+        multiple JNDI lookups for this resource will return different objects.
+        This attribute must be <code>true</code> for
+        <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> resources to enable JMX registration
+        of the DataSource. The value of this attribute must be <code>true</code>
+        or <code>false</code>. By default, this attribute is <code>true</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">type</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The fully qualified Java class name expected by the web
+        application when it performs a lookup for this resource.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Resource Links"><!--()--></a><a name="Resource_Links"><strong>Resource Links</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Use <a href="context.html#Resource Links">&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</a>
+    elements to link resources from the global context into
+    per-web-application contexts. Here is an example of making a custom
+    factory available to an application, based on the example definition in the
+    <a href="../jndi-resources-howto.html#Generic JavaBean Resources">
+    JNDI Resource HOW-TO</a>:
+    </p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+      
+        &lt;Context&gt;
+          &lt;ResourceLink
+            name="bean/MyBeanFactory"
+            global="bean/MyBeanFactory"
+            type="com.mycompany.MyBean"
+          /&gt;
+        &lt;/Context&gt;
+      
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+   </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Transaction"><strong>Transaction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can declare the characteristics of the UserTransaction
+    to be returned for JNDI lookup for <code>java:comp/UserTransaction</code>.
+    You <strong>MUST</strong> define an object factory class to instantiate
+    this object as well as the needed resource parameters as attributes of the
+    <code>Transaction</code>
+    element, and the properties used to configure that object factory.</p>
+
+    <p>The valid attributes for the <code>&lt;Transaction&gt;</code> element
+    are as follows:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">factory</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The class name for the JNDI object factory.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Host Container</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Host Container</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Logging">Logging</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Logs">Access Logs</a></li><li><a href="#Automatic_Application_Deployment">Automatic Application Deployment</a></li><li><a href="#Host_Name_Aliases">Host Name Aliases</a></li><li><a href="#Lifecycle_Listeners">Lifecycle Listeners</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Filters">Request Filters</a></li><li><a href="#Single_Sign_On">Single Sign On</a></li><li><a href="#User_Web_Applications">User Web Applications</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Host</strong> element represents a <em>virtual host</em>,
+  which is an association of a network name for a server (such as
+  "www.mycompany.com" with the particular server on which Tomcat is running.
+  For clients to be able to connect to a Tomcat server using its network name,
+  this name must be registered in the <em>Domain Name Service</em> (DNS) server
+  that manages the Internet domain you belong to - contact your Network
+  Administrator for more information.</p>
+
+  <p>In many cases, System Administrators wish to associate more than
+  one network name (such as <code>www.mycompany.com</code> and
+  <code>company.com</code>) with the same virtual host and applications.
+  This can be accomplished using the <a href="#Host Name Aliases">Host
+  Name Aliases</a> feature discussed below.</p>
+
+  <p>One or more <strong>Host</strong> elements are nested inside an
+  <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> element.  Inside the Host element, you
+  can nest <a href="context.html">Context</a> elements for the web
+  applications associated with this virtual host.  Exactly one of the Hosts
+  associated with each Engine MUST have a name matching the
+  <code>defaultHost</code> attribute of that Engine.</p>
+
+  <p>Clients normally use host names to identify the server they wish to connect
+  to. This host name is also included in the HTTP request headers. Tomcat
+  extracts the host name from the HTTP headers and looks for a
+  <strong>Host</strong> with a matching name. If no match is found, the request
+  is routed to the default host. The name of the default host does not have to
+  match a DNS name (although it can) since any request where the DNS name does
+  not match the name of a <strong>Host</strong> element will be routed to the
+  default host.</p>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Host</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">appBase</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The <em>Application Base</em> directory for this virtual host.
+        This is the pathname of a directory that may contain web applications
+        to be deployed on this virtual host.  You may specify an
+        absolute pathname, or a pathname that is relative to the
+        <code>$CATALINA_BASE</code> directory.  See
+        <a href="#Automatic_Application_Deployment">Automatic Application
+        Deployment</a> for more information on automatic recognition and
+        deployment of web applications. If not specified, the default of
+        <code>webapps</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">xmlBase</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The <em>XML Base</em> directory for this virtual host.
+        This is the pathname of a directory that may contain context XML
+        descriptors to be deployed on this virtual host.  You may specify an
+        absolute pathname for this directory, or a pathname that is relative
+        to the <code>$CATALINA_BASE</code> directory.  See
+        <a href="#Automatic_Application_Deployment">Automatic Application
+        Deployment</a> for more information on automatic recognition and
+        deployment of web applications. If not specified the default of
+        <code>conf/&lt;engine_name&gt;/&lt;host_name&gt;</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">createDirs</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If set to true, Tomcat will attempt to create the directories defined
+        by the  attributes <code>appBase</code> and <code>xmlBase</code> during
+        the startup phase. The default value is <code>true</code>. If set to
+        true, and directory creation fails, an error message will be printed out
+        but will not halt the startup sequence.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">autoDeploy</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This flag value indicates if Tomcat should check periodically for new
+        or updated web applications while Tomcat is running. If true, Tomcat
+        periodically checks the <code>appBase</code> and <code>xmlBase</code>
+        directories and deploys any new web applications or context XML
+        descriptors found. Updated web applications or context XML descriptors
+        will trigger a reload of the web application. The flag's value defaults
+        to true.  See
+        <a href="#Automatic_Application_Deployment">Automatic Application
+        Deployment</a> for more information.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">backgroundProcessorDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This value represents the delay in seconds between the
+        invocation of the backgroundProcess method on this host and
+        its child containers, including all contexts.
+        Child containers will not be invoked if their delay value is not
+        negative (which would mean they are using their own processing
+        thread). Setting this to a positive value will cause
+        a thread to be spawn. After waiting the specified amount of time,
+        the thread will invoke the backgroundProcess method on this host
+        and all its child containers. A host will use background processing to
+        perform live web application deployment related tasks. If not
+        specified, the default value for this attribute is -1, which means
+        the host will rely on the background processing thread of its parent
+        engine.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Host</code> interface.
+        If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deployIgnore</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression defining paths to ignore when
+        <code>autoDeploy</code> and <code>deployOnStartup</code> are set. This
+        allows you to keep your configuration in a version control system, for
+        example, and not deploy a .svn or CVS folder that happens to be in the
+        <code>appBase</code>.</p>
+        <p>This regular expression is relative to <code>appBase</code>. It is
+        also <em>anchored</em>, meaning the match is performed against the
+        entire file/directory name. So, <code>foo</code> matches only a file or
+        directory named <code>foo</code> but not <code>foo.war</code>,
+        <code>foobar</code>, or <code>myfooapp</code>. To match anything with
+        "foo", you could use <code>.*foo.*</code>.</p>
+        <p>See <a href="#Automatic_Application_Deployment">Automatic Application
+        Deployment</a> for more information.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deployOnStartup</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This flag value indicates if web applications from this host should
+        be automatically deployed when Tomcat starts. The flag's value defaults
+        to true.  See
+        <a href="#Automatic_Application_Deployment">Automatic Application
+        Deployment</a> for more information.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Usually the network name of this virtual host, as registered in your
+        <em>Domain Name Service</em> server. Regardless of the case used to
+        specify the host name, Tomcat will convert it to lower case internally.
+        One of the Hosts nested within an <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> MUST
+        have a name that matches the <code>defaultHost</code> setting for that
+        Engine.  See <a href="#Host Name Aliases">Host Name Aliases</a> for
+        information on how to assign more than one network name to the same
+        virtual host.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">startStopThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The number of threads this <strong>Host</strong> will use to start
+        child <a href="context.html">Context</a> elements in parallel. The same
+        thread pool will be used to deploy new
+        <a href="context.html">Context</a>s if automatic deployment is being
+        used. The special value of 0 will result in the value of
+        <code>Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()</code> being used.
+        Negative values will result in
+        <code>Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() + value</code> being
+        used unless this is less than 1 in which case 1 thread will be used. If
+        not specified, the default value of 1 will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">undeployOldVersions</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This flag determines if Tomcat, as part of the auto deployment
+        process, will check for old, unused versions of web applications
+        deployed using parallel deployment and, if any are found, remove them.
+        This flag only applies if <code>autoDeploy</code> is true. If not
+        specified the default value of false will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Host</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost</strong>.
+    It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+    common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">copyXML</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want a context XML descriptor
+        embedded inside the application (located at
+        <code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>) to be copied to <code>xmlBase</code>
+        when the application is deployed. On subsequent starts, the copied
+        context XML descriptor will be used in preference to any context XML
+        descriptor embedded inside the application even if the descriptor
+        embedded inside the application is more recent. The flag's value
+        defaults to <code>false</code>.  Note if <strong>deployXML</strong>
+        is <code>false</code>, this attribute will have no effect.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deployXML</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>false</code> if you want to disable parsing the context
+        XML descriptor embedded inside the application (located at
+        <code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>). Security conscious environments
+        should set this to <code>false</code> to prevent applications from
+        interacting with the container's configuration. The  administrator will
+        then be responsible for providing an external context configuration
+        file, and putting it in the location defined by the
+        <strong>xmlBase</strong> attribute. The flag's value defaults to
+        <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">errorReportValveClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the error reporting valve which will be used
+        by this Host. The responsibility of this valve is to output error
+        reports. Setting this property allows to customize the look of the
+        error pages which will be generated by Tomcat. This class must
+        implement the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code> interface. If none is specified,
+        the value <code>org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve</code>
+        will be used by default.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">unpackWARs</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want web applications that are
+        placed in the <code>appBase</code> directory as web application
+        archive (WAR) files to be unpacked into a corresponding disk directory
+        structure, <code>false</code> to run such web applications directly
+        from a WAR file. WAR files located outside of the Host's
+        <strong>appBase</strong> will not be expanded. See
+        <a href="#Automatic_Application_Deployment">Automatic Application
+        Deployment</a> for more information.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">workDir</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Pathname to a scratch directory to be used by applications for
+        this Host. Each application will have its own sub directory with
+        temporary read-write use.  Configuring a Context workDir will override
+        use of the Host workDir configuration.  This directory will be made
+        visible to servlets in the web application by a servlet context
+        attribute (of type <code>java.io.File</code>) named
+        <code>javax.servlet.context.tempdir</code> as described in the
+        Servlet Specification.  If not specified, a suitable directory
+        underneath <code>$CATALINA_BASE/work</code> will be provided.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>You can nest one or more <a href="context.html">Context</a> elements
+  inside this <strong>Host</strong> element, each representing a different web
+  application associated with this virtual host.</p>
+
+  <p>You can nest at most one instance of the following utility components
+  by nesting a corresponding element inside your <strong>Host</strong>
+  element:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><a href="realm.html"><strong>Realm</strong></a> -
+      Configure a realm that will allow its
+      database of users, and their associated roles, to be shared across all
+      <a href="context.html">Contexts</a> nested inside this Host (unless
+      overridden by a <a href="realm.html">Realm</a> configuration
+      at a lower level).</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Logging"><strong>Logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>A host is associated with the
+       <code>org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[engine_name].[host_name]</code>
+       log category.  Note that the brackets are part of the name,
+       don't omit them.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Logs"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Logs"><strong>Access Logs</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>When you run a web server, one of the output files normally generated
+    is an <em>access log</em>, which generates one line of information for
+    each request processed by the server, in a standard format.  Catalina
+    includes an optional <a href="valve.html">Valve</a> implementation that
+    can create access logs in the same standard format created by web servers,
+    or in any number of custom formats.</p>
+
+    <p>You can ask Catalina to create an access log for all requests
+    processed by an <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>,
+    <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or <a href="context.html">Context</a>
+    by nesting a <a href="valve.html">Valve</a> element like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Host name="localhost" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
+         prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
+         pattern="common"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Host&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>See <a href="valve.html#Access Log Valve">Access Log Valve</a>
+    for more information on the configuration attributes that are
+    supported.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Automatic Application Deployment"><!--()--></a><a name="Automatic_Application_Deployment"><strong>Automatic Application Deployment</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>If you are using the standard <strong>Host</strong> implementation,
+    the following actions take place automatically when Catalina is first
+    started, if the <code>deployOnStartup</code> property is set to
+    <code>true</code> (which is the default value):</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Any XML file in the Host's <code>xmlBase</code> directory (by
+        default <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[engine_name]/[host_name]</code>) is
+        assumed to be a context XML descriptor containing a
+        <a href="context.html">Context</a> element (and its associated
+        sub-elements) for a single web application. The web applications
+        associated with each of these context XML descriptor files will be
+        deployed first.<br>
+        The <code>docBase</code> attribute of this <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code>
+        element must only be set if the docBase is outside the Host's
+        <code>appBase</code>. For web applications located inside the Host's
+        <code>appBase</code>, the <code>docBase</code> will be the name of the
+        XML file with ".xml" replaced with ".war" for a web application archive
+        or the name of the XML file with ".xml" removed for a directory.<br>
+        The <code>path</code> attribute must not be set. The context path used
+        will be a slash character ("/") followed by the name of the XML file
+        (less the .xml extension). Multi-level context paths may be defined
+        using #, e.g. <code>foo#bar.xml</code> for a context path of
+        <code>/foo/bar</code>. The default web application that has a context
+        path of <code>/</code> may be defined by using a file called
+        <code>ROOT.xml</code>.</li>
+    <li>Any web application archive file within the Host's <code>appBase</code>
+        directory that has not already been deployed as a result of a context
+        XML descriptor, does not have a corresponding directory of the same
+        name (without the ".war" extension), and is not excluded by
+        <code>deployIgnore</code> will be deployed next. The context path
+        used will be a slash character ("/") followed by the web application
+        archive name less the ".war" extension. The one exception to this rule
+        is that a web application archive named "ROOT.war" will be deployed with
+        a context path of <code>/</code>. Multi-level contexts may be defined by
+        using #, e.g. use a WAR named <code>foo#bar.war</code> for a context
+        path of <code>/foo/bar</code>.<br>
+        If the <code>unpackWARs</code> attribute is <code>true</code>, the web
+        application archive file will be expanded to a directory of the same
+        name (without the ".war" extension".<br>
+        Note: If you re-deploy an updated WAR file while Tomcat is stopped, be
+        sure to delete the associated expanded directory before restarting
+        Tomcat, so that the updated WAR file will be re-expanded when Tomcat
+        restarts.<br>
+        If <code>copyXML</code> is <code>true</code> (it is <code>false</code>
+        by default), any web application archive file within the Hosts's
+        <code>appBase</code> directory that does not have a corresponding
+        context XML descriptor (with a ".xml" extension rather than a ".war"
+        extension) in the Host's <code>xmlBase</code> will be scanned to see
+        if it contains a context XML descriptor (located at
+        <code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>) and if one is found the descriptor
+        will be copied to the <code>xmlBase</code> directory and renamed.
+        </li>
+    <li>Finally, any sub-directory within the Host's <code>appBase</code> that
+        has not already been deployed as a result of a context XML descriptor
+        and is not excluded by <code>deployIgnore</code> will be deployed.
+        The context path used will be a slash character ("/") followed by the
+        directory name, unless the directory name is ROOT, in which case the
+        context path will <code>/</code>. Multi-level contexts may be defined by
+        using #, e.g. use a directory named <code>foo#bar</code> for a context
+        path of <code>/foo/bar</code>.<br>
+        If <code>copyXML</code> is <code>true</code> (it is <code>false</code>
+        by default), any directory within the Hosts's <code>appBase</code>
+        directory that does not have a corresponding context XML descriptor in
+        the Host's <code>xmlBase</code> will be scanned to see if it contains
+        a context XML descriptor (located at <code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>)
+        and if one is found the descriptor will be copied to the
+        <code>xmlBase</code> directory and renamed.
+        </li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>In addition to the automatic deployment that occurs at startup time,
+    you can also request that new XML configuration files, WAR files, or
+    sub-directories that are dropped in to the <code>appBase</code> (or
+    <code>xmlBase</code> in the case of an XML configuration file) directory
+    while Tomcat is running will be automatically deployed, according to the
+    rules described above. The  auto deployer will also track web applications
+    for the following changes:
+    <ul>
+        <li>An update to the WEB-INF/web.xml file will trigger a reload of the
+          web application</li>
+        <li>Deleting a WAR file will trigger an undeploy of the application with
+          the removal of any associated expanded directory, context file and
+          work directory. Any current user sessions will not be persisted.</li>
+        <li>Deleting a directory will trigger an undeploy of the application
+          with the removal of any associated context file and work directory.
+          Any current user sessions will not be persisted. If there is an
+          associated WAR file, it will not be deleted and the application will
+          be redeployed from the WAR file the next time the auto deployer checks
+          for changes.</li>
+        <li>Deleting a context file will trigger an undeploy of the application
+          with the removal of any associated work directory. Any current user
+          sessions will not be persisted. If there is an associated WAR file
+          and/or directory, they will not be deleted and the application will be
+          redeployed from the WAR file (or from directory if there is no WAR
+          file) the next time the auto deployer checks for changes.</li>
+        <li>Updating a WAR file will trigger an undeploy of the application with
+          the removal of any associated expanded directory, context file and
+          work directory. Any current user sessions will not be persisted.</li>
+        <li>Updating a directory (not the directory contents) will trigger an
+          undeploy of the application with the removal of any associated context
+          file and work directory. Any current user sessions will not be
+          persisted. The application will be redeployed the next time the auto
+          deployer checks for changes.</li>
+        <li>Updating a context file will trigger an undeploy of the application
+          with the removal of any associated work directory. Any current user
+          sessions will not be persisted. The application will be redeployed the
+          next time the auto deployer checks for changes.</li>
+    </ul>
+    </p>
+
+    <p>When using automatic deployment, the <code>docBase</code> defined by
+    an XML <a href="context.html">Context</a> file should be outside of the
+    <code>appBase</code> directory. If this is not the case, difficulties
+    may be experienced deploying the web application or the application may
+    be deployed twice. The <code>deployIgnore</code> attribute can be used
+    to avoid this situation.</p>
+
+    <p>Finally, note that if you are defining contexts explicitly in server.xml,
+    you should probably turn off automatic application deployment or specify
+    <code>deployIgnore</code> carefully. Otherwise, the web applications
+    will each be deployed twice, and that may cause problems for the
+    applications.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Host Name Aliases"><!--()--></a><a name="Host_Name_Aliases"><strong>Host Name Aliases</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>In many server environments, Network Administrators have configured
+    more than one network name (in the <em>Domain Name Service</em> (DNS)
+    server), that resolve to the IP address of the same server.  Normally,
+    each such network name would be configured as a separate
+    <strong>Host</strong> element in <code>conf/server.xml</code>, each
+    with its own set of web applications.</p>
+
+    <p>However, in some circumstances, it is desirable that two or more
+    network names should resolve to the <strong>same</strong> virtual host,
+    running the same set of applications.  A common use case for this
+    scenario is a corporate web site, where it is desirable that users
+    be able to utilize either <code>www.mycompany.com</code> or
+    <code>company.com</code> to access exactly the same content and
+    applications.</p>
+
+    <p>This is accomplished by utilizing one or more <strong>Alias</strong>
+    elements nested inside your <strong>Host</strong> element.  For
+    example:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Host name="www.mycompany.com" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Alias&gt;mycompany.com&lt;/Alias&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Host&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>In order for this strategy to be effective, all of the network names
+    involved must be registered in your DNS server to resolve to the
+    same computer that is running this instance of Catalina.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Lifecycle Listeners"><!--()--></a><a name="Lifecycle_Listeners"><strong>Lifecycle Listeners</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>If you have implemented a Java object that needs to know when this
+    <strong>Host</strong> is started or stopped, you can declare it by
+    nesting a <strong>Listener</strong> element inside this element.  The
+    class name you specify must implement the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code> interface, and
+    it will be notified about the occurrence of the corresponding
+    lifecycle events.  Configuration of such a listener looks like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Host name="localhost" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Listener className="com.mycompany.mypackage.MyListener" ... &gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Host&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that a Listener can have any number of additional properties
+    that may be configured from this element.  Attribute names are matched
+    to corresponding JavaBean property names using the standard property
+    method naming patterns.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Filters"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Filters"><strong>Request Filters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>You can ask Catalina to check the IP address, or host name, on every
+    incoming request directed to the surrounding
+    <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>, <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or
+    <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.  The remote address or name
+    will be checked against configured "accept" and/or "deny"
+    filters, which are defined using <code>java.util.regex</code> Regular
+    Expression syntax.  Requests that come from locations that are
+    not accepted will be rejected with an HTTP "Forbidden" error.
+    Example filter declarations:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Host name="localhost" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteHostValve"
+         allow=".*\.mycompany\.com|www\.yourcompany\.com"/&gt;
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+         deny="192\.168\.1\.\d+"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Host&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <p>See <a href="valve.html#Remote Address Filter">Remote Address Filter</a>
+  and <a href="valve.html#Remote Host Filter">Remote Host Filter</a> for
+  more information about the configuration options that are supported.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Single Sign On"><!--()--></a><a name="Single_Sign_On"><strong>Single Sign On</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>In many environments, but particularly in portal environments, it
+    is desireable to have a user challenged to authenticate themselves only
+    once over a set of web applications deployed on a particular virtual
+    host.  This can be accomplished by nesting an element like this inside
+    the Host element for this virtual host:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Host name="localhost" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Host&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>The Single Sign On facility operates according to the following rules:
+    </p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>All web applications configured for this virtual host must share the
+        same <a href="realm.html">Realm</a>.  In practice, that means you can
+        nest the Realm element inside this Host element (or the surrounding
+        <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> element), but not inside a
+        <a href="context.html">Context</a> element for one of the involved
+        web applications.</li>
+    <li>As long as the user accesses only unprotected resources in any of the
+        web applications on this virtual host, they will not be challenged
+        to authenticate themselves.</li>
+    <li>As soon as the user accesses a protected resource in
+        <strong>any</strong> web application associated with this virtual
+        host, the user will be challenged to authenticate himself or herself,
+        using the login method defined for the web application currently
+        being accessed.</li>
+    <li>Once authenticated, the roles associated with this user will be
+        utilized for access control decisions across <strong>all</strong>
+        of the associated web applications, without challenging the user
+        to authenticate themselves to each application individually.</li>
+    <li>As soon as the user logs out of one web application (for example,
+        by invalidating the corresponding session if form
+        based login is used), the user's sessions in <strong>all</strong>
+        web applications will be invalidated.  Any subsequent attempt to
+        access a protected resource in any application will require the
+        user to authenticate himself or herself again.</li>
+    <li>The Single Sign On feature utilizes HTTP cookies to transmit a token
+        that associates each request with the saved user identity, so it can
+        only be utilized in client environments that support cookies.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="User Web Applications"><!--()--></a><a name="User_Web_Applications"><strong>User Web Applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Many web servers can automatically map a request URI starting with
+    a tilde character ("~") and a username to a directory (commonly named
+    <code>public_html</code>) in that user's home directory on the server.
+    You can accomplish the same thing in Catalina by using a special
+    <strong>Listener</strong> element like this (on a Unix system that
+    uses the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file to identify valid users):</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Host name="localhost" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.UserConfig"
+            directoryName="public_html"
+            userClass="org.apache.catalina.startup.PasswdUserDatabase"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Host&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>On a server where <code>/etc/passwd</code> is not in use, you can
+    request Catalina to consider all directories found in a specified base
+    directory (such as <code>c:\Homes</code> in this example) to be
+    considered "user home" directories for the purposes of this directive:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Host name="localhost" ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.UserConfig"
+            directoryName="public_html"
+            homeBase=c:\Homes"
+            userClass="org.apache.catalina.startup.HomesUserDatabase"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Host&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>If a user home directory has been set up for a user named
+    <code>craigmcc</code>, then its contents will be visible from a
+    client browser by making a request to a URL like:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://www.mycompany.com:8080/~craigmcc
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Successful use of this feature requires recognition of the following
+    considerations:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Each user web application will be deployed with characteristics
+        established by the global and host level default context settings.</li>
+    <li>It is legal to include more than one instance of this Listener
+        element.  This would only be useful, however, in circumstances
+        where you wanted to configure more than one "homeBase" directory.</li>
+    <li>The operating system username under which Catalina is executed
+        MUST have read access to each user's web application directory,
+        and all of its contents.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+              (function(w, d) {
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The HTTP Connector</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The HTTP Connector</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li><li><a href="#Java_TCP_socket_attributes">Java TCP socket attributes</a></li><li><a href="#BIO_specific_configuration">BIO specific configuration</a></li><li><a href="#NIO_specific_configuration">NIO specific configuration</a></li><li><a href="#APR/native_specific_configuration">APR/native specific configuration</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#HTTP/1.1_and_HTTP/1.0_Support">HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/1.0 Support</a></li><li><a href="#Proxy_Support">Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="#SSL_Support">SSL Support</a><ol><li><a href="#SSL_Support_-_BIO_and_NIO">SSL Support - BIO and NIO</a></li><li><a href="#SSL_Support_-_APR/Native">SSL Support - APR/Native</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Connector_Comparison">Connector Comparison</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>HTTP Connector</strong> element represents a
+  <strong>Connector</strong> component that supports the HTTP/1.1 protocol.
+  It enables Catalina to function as a stand-alone web server, in addition
+  to its ability to execute servlets and JSP pages.  A particular instance
+  of this component listens for connections on a specific TCP port number
+  on the server.  One or more such <strong>Connectors</strong> can be
+  configured as part of a single <a href="service.html">Service</a>, each
+  forwarding to the associated <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> to perform
+  request processing and create the response.</p>
+
+  <p>If you wish to configure the <strong>Connector</strong> that is used
+  for connections to web servers using the AJP protocol (such as the
+  <code>mod_jk 1.2.x</code> connector for Apache 1.3), please refer to the
+  <a href="ajp.html">AJP Connector</a> documentation.</p>
+
+  <p>Each incoming request requires
+  a thread for the duration of that request.  If more simultaneous requests
+  are received than can be handled by the currently available request
+  processing threads, additional threads will be created up to the
+  configured maximum (the value of the <code>maxThreads</code> attribute).
+  If still more simultaneous requests are received, they are stacked up
+  inside the server socket created by the <strong>Connector</strong>, up to
+  the configured maximum (the value of the <code>acceptCount</code>
+  attribute).  Any further simultaneous requests will receive "connection
+  refused" errors, until resources are available to process them.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>All implementations of <strong>Connector</strong>
+  support the following attributes:</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allowTrace</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>A boolean value which can be used to enable or disable the TRACE
+      HTTP method. If not specified, this attribute is set to false.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">asyncTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The default timeout for asynchronous requests in milliseconds. If not
+      specified, this attribute is set to 10000 (10 seconds).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">enableLookups</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want calls to
+      <code>request.getRemoteHost()</code> to perform DNS lookups in
+      order to return the actual host name of the remote client.  Set
+      to <code>false</code> to skip the DNS lookup and return the IP
+      address in String form instead (thereby improving performance).
+      By default, DNS lookups are disabled.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxHeaderCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of headers in a request that are allowed by the
+      container. A request that contains more headers than the specified limit
+      will be rejected. A value of less than 0 means no limit.
+      If not specified, a default of 100 is used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxParameterCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of parameter and value pairs (GET plus POST) which
+      will be automatically parsed by the container. Parameter and value pairs
+      beyond this limit will be ignored. A value of less than 0 means no limit.
+      If not specified, a default of 10000 is used. Note that
+      <code>FailedRequestFilter</code> <a href="filter.html">filter</a> can be
+      used to reject requests that hit the limit.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxPostSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be handled by
+      the container FORM URL parameter parsing. The limit can be disabled by
+      setting this attribute to a value less than or equal to 0.
+      If not specified, this attribute is set to 2097152 (2 megabytes).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxSavePostSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be saved/buffered by
+      the container during FORM or CLIENT-CERT authentication. For both types
+      of authentication, the POST will be saved/buffered before the user is
+      authenticated. For CLIENT-CERT authentication, the POST is buffered for
+      the duration of the SSL handshake and the buffer emptied when the request
+      is processed. For FORM authentication the POST is saved whilst the user
+      is re-directed to the login form and is retained until the user
+      successfully authenticates or the session associated with the
+      authentication request expires. The limit can be disabled by setting this
+      attribute to -1. Setting the attribute to zero will disable the saving of
+      POST data during authentication. If not specified, this attribute is set
+      to 4096 (4 kilobytes).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">parseBodyMethods</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>A comma-separated list of HTTP methods for which request
+      bodies will be parsed for request parameters identically
+      to POST. This is useful in RESTful applications that want to
+      support POST-style semantics for PUT requests.
+      Note that any setting other than <code>POST</code> causes Tomcat
+      to behave in a way that goes against the intent of the servlet
+      specification.
+      The HTTP method TRACE is specifically forbidden here in accordance
+      with the HTTP specification.
+      The default is <code>POST</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">port</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The TCP port number on which this <strong>Connector</strong>
+      will create a server socket and await incoming connections.  Your
+      operating system will allow only one server application to listen
+      to a particular port number on a particular IP address. If the special
+      value of 0 (zero) is used, then Tomcat will select a free port at random
+      to use for this connector. This is typically only useful in embedded and
+      testing applications.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocol</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Sets the protocol to handle incoming traffic. The default value is
+        <code>HTTP/1.1</code> which uses an auto-switching mechanism to select
+        either a blocking Java based connector or an APR/native based connector.
+        If the <code>PATH</code> (Windows) or <code>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code> (on
+        most unix systems) environment variables contain the Tomcat native
+        library, the APR/native connector will be used. If the native library
+        cannot be found, the blocking Java based connector will be used. Note
+        that the APR/native connector has different settings for HTTPS than the
+        Java connectors.<br>
+        To use an explicit protocol rather than rely on the auto-switching
+        mechanism described above, the following values may be used:<br>
+        <code>org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol</code> -
+              blocking Java connector<br>
+        <code>org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol</code> -
+              non blocking Java connector<br>
+        <code>org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol</code> -
+              the APR/native connector.<br>
+        Custom implementations may also be used.<br>
+        Take a look at our <a href="#Connector Comparison">Connector
+        Comparison</a> chart. The configuration for both Java connectors is
+        identical, for http and https.<br>
+        For more information on the APR connector and APR specific SSL settings
+        please  visit the <a href="../apr.html">APR documentation</a>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">proxyName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is being used in a proxy
+      configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server name
+      to be returned for calls to <code>request.getServerName()</code>.
+      See <a href="#Proxy Support">Proxy Support</a> for more
+      information.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">proxyPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is being used in a proxy
+      configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server port
+      to be returned for calls to <code>request.getServerPort()</code>.
+      See <a href="#Proxy Support">Proxy Support</a> for more
+      information.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">redirectPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is supporting non-SSL
+      requests, and a request is received for which a matching
+      <code>&lt;security-constraint&gt;</code> requires SSL transport,
+      Catalina will automatically redirect the request to the port
+      number specified here.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scheme</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to the name of the protocol you wish to have
+      returned by calls to <code>request.getScheme()</code>.  For
+      example, you would set this attribute to "<code>https</code>"
+      for an SSL Connector.  The default value is "<code>http</code>".
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secure</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> if you wish to have
+      calls to <code>request.isSecure()</code> to return <code>true</code>
+      for requests received by this Connector. You would want this on an
+      SSL Connector or a non SSL connector that is receiving data from a
+      SSL accelerator, like a crypto card, a SSL appliance or even a webserver.
+      The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">URIEncoding</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>This specifies the character encoding used to decode the URI bytes,
+      after %xx decoding the URL. If not specified, ISO-8859-1 will be used.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useBodyEncodingForURI</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>This specifies if the encoding specified in contentType should be used
+      for URI query parameters, instead of using the URIEncoding. This
+      setting is present for compatibility with Tomcat 4.1.x, where the
+      encoding specified in the contentType, or explicitly set using
+      Request.setCharacterEncoding method was also used for the parameters from
+      the URL. The default value is <code>false</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useIPVHosts</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> to cause Tomcat to use
+      the IP address that the request was received on to determine the Host
+      to send the request to.  The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">xpoweredBy</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> to cause Tomcat to advertise
+      support for the Servlet specification using the header recommended in the
+      specification.  The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The standard HTTP connectors (BIO, NIO and APR/native) all support the
+  following attributes in addition to the common Connector attributes listed
+  above.</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">acceptCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum queue length for incoming connection requests when
+      all possible request processing threads are in use.  Any requests
+      received when the queue is full will be refused.  The default
+      value is 100.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">acceptorThreadCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of threads to be used to accept connections. Increase this
+      value on a multi CPU machine, although you would never really need more
+      than <code>2</code>. Also, with a lot of non keep alive connections, you
+      might want to increase this value as well. Default value is
+      <code>1</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">acceptorThreadPriority</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The priority of the acceptor threads. The threads used to accept
+      new connections. The default value is <code>5</code> (the value of the
+      <code>java.lang.Thread.NORM_PRIORITY</code> constant). See the JavaDoc
+      for the <code>java.lang.Thread</code> class for more details on what
+      this priority means.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">address</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>For servers with more than one IP address, this attribute
+      specifies which address will be used for listening on the specified
+      port.  By default, this port will be used on all IP addresses
+      associated with the server.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">bindOnInit</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Controls when the socket used by the connector is bound. By default it
+      is bound when the connector is initiated and unbound when the connector is
+      destroyed. If set to <code>false</code>, the socket will be bound when the
+      connector is started and unbound when it is stopped.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">compressableMimeType</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The value is a comma separated list of MIME types for which HTTP
+      compression may be used.
+      The default value is <code>text/html,text/xml,text/plain</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">compression</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The <strong>Connector</strong> may use HTTP/1.1 GZIP compression in
+      an attempt to save server bandwidth. The acceptable values for the
+      parameter is "off" (disable compression), "on" (allow compression, which
+      causes text data to be compressed), "force" (forces compression in all
+      cases), or a numerical integer value (which is equivalent to "on", but
+      specifies the minimum amount of data before the output is compressed). If
+      the content-length is not known and compression is set to "on" or more
+      aggressive, the output will also be compressed. If not specified, this
+      attribute is set to "off".</p>
+      <p><em>Note</em>: There is a tradeoff between using compression (saving
+      your bandwidth) and using the sendfile feature (saving your CPU cycles).
+      If the connector supports the sendfile feature, e.g. the NIO connector,
+      using sendfile will take precedence over compression. The symptoms will
+      be that static files greater that 48 Kb will be sent uncompressed.
+      You can turn off sendfile by setting <code>useSendfile</code> attribute
+      of the connector, as documented below, or change the sendfile usage
+      threshold in the configuration of the
+      <a href="../default-servlet.html">DefaultServlet</a> in the default
+      <code>conf/web.xml</code> or in the <code>web.xml</code> of your web
+      application.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">compressionMinSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <strong>compression</strong> is set to "on" then this attribute
+      may be used to specify the minimum amount of data before the output is
+      compressed. If not specified, this attribute is defaults to "2048".</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionLinger</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of seconds during which the sockets used by this
+      <strong>Connector</strong> will linger when they are closed.
+      If not specified, the JVM default will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of milliseconds this <strong>Connector</strong> will wait,
+      after accepting a connection, for the request URI line to be
+      presented. Use a value of -1 to indicate no (i.e. infinite) timeout.
+      The default value is 60000 (i.e. 60 seconds) but note that the standard
+      server.xml that ships with Tomcat sets this to 20000 (i.e. 20 seconds).
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionUploadTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Specifies the timeout, in milliseconds, to use while a data upload is
+      in progress. This only takes effect if
+      <strong>disableUploadTimeout</strong> is set to <code>false</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">disableUploadTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>This flag allows the servlet container to use a different, usually
+      longer connection timeout during data upload. If not specified, this
+      attribute is set to <code>true</code> which disables this longer timeout.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">executor</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>A reference to the name in an <a href="executor.html">Executor</a>
+      element. If this attribute is set, and the named executor exists, the
+      connector will use the executor, and all the other thread attributes will
+      be ignored. Note that if a shared executor is not specified for a
+      connector then the connector will use a private, internal executor to
+      provide the thread pool.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keepAliveTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of milliseconds this <strong>Connector</strong> will wait
+      for another HTTP request before closing the connection. The default value
+      is to use the value that has been set for the
+      <strong>connectionTimeout</strong> attribute.
+      Use a value of -1 to indicate no (i.e. infinite) timeout.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxConnections</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of connections that the server will accept and
+      process at any given time. When this number has been reached, the server
+      will not accept any more connections until the number of connections
+      falls below this value. The operating system may still accept
+      connections based on the <code>acceptCount</code> setting. Default value
+      varies by connector type. For BIO the default is the value of
+      <strong>maxThreads</strong> unless an <a href="executor.html">Executor</a>
+      is used in which case the default will be the value of maxThreads from the
+      executor. For NIO the default is <code>10000</code>.
+      For APR/native, the default is <code>8192</code>.</p>
+      <p>Note that for APR/native on Windows, the configured value will be
+      reduced to the highest multiple of 1024 that is less than or equal to
+      maxConnections. This is done for performance reasons.<br>
+      If set to a value of -1, the maxConnections feature is disabled 
+      and connections are not counted.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxHttpHeaderSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum size of the request and response HTTP header, specified
+      in bytes. If not specified, this attribute is set to 8192 (8 KB).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxKeepAliveRequests</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of HTTP requests which can be pipelined until
+      the connection is closed by the server. Setting this attribute to 1 will
+      disable HTTP/1.0 keep-alive, as well as HTTP/1.1 keep-alive and
+      pipelining. Setting this to -1 will allow an unlimited amount of
+      pipelined or keep-alive HTTP requests.
+      If not specified, this attribute is set to 100.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of request processing threads to be created
+      by this <strong>Connector</strong>, which therefore determines the
+      maximum number of simultaneous requests that can be handled.  If
+      not specified, this attribute is set to 200. If an executor is associated
+      with this connector, this attribute is ignored as the connector will
+      execute tasks using the executor rather than an internal thread pool.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxTrailerSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Limits the total length of trailing headers in the last chunk of
+      a chunked HTTP request. If the value is <code>-1</code>, no limit will be
+      imposed. If not specified, the default value of <code>8192</code> will be
+      used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minSpareThreads</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The minimum number of threads always kept running. If not specified,
+      the default of <code>10</code> is used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">noCompressionUserAgents</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The value is a regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>)
+      matching the <code>user-agent</code> header of HTTP clients for which
+      compression should not be used,
+      because these clients, although they do advertise support for the
+      feature, have a broken implementation.
+      The default value is an empty String (regexp matching disabled).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processorCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The protocol handler caches Processor objects to speed up performance.
+      This setting dictates how many of these objects get cached.
+      <code>-1</code> means unlimited, default is <code>200</code>. If not using
+      Servlet 3.0 asynchronous processing, a good default is to use the same as
+      the maxThreads setting. If using Servlet 3.0 asynchronous processing, a
+      good default is to use the larger of maxThreads and the maximum number of
+      expected concurrent requests (synchronous and asynchronous).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">restrictedUserAgents</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The value is a regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>)
+      matching the <code>user-agent</code> header of HTTP clients for which
+      HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/1.0 keep alive should not be used, even if the clients
+      advertise support for these features.
+      The default value is an empty String (regexp matching disabled).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">server</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Overrides the Server header for the http response. If set, the value
+      for this attribute overrides the Tomcat default and any Server header set
+      by a web application. If not set, any value specified by the application
+      is used. If the application does not specify a value then
+      <code>Apache-Coyote/1.1</code> is used. Unless you are paranoid, you won't
+      need this feature.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socketBuffer</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The size (in bytes) of the buffer to be provided for socket
+      output buffering. -1 can be specified to disable the use of a buffer.
+      By default, a buffers of 9000 bytes will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Use this attribute to enable SSL traffic on a connector.
+      To turn on SSL handshake/encryption/decryption on a connector
+      set this value to <code>true</code>.
+      The default value is <code>false</code>.
+      When turning this value <code>true</code> you will want to set the
+      <code>scheme</code> and the <code>secure</code> attributes as well
+      to pass the correct <code>request.getScheme()</code> and
+      <code>request.isSecure()</code> values to the servlets
+      See <a href="#SSL Support">SSL Support</a> for more information.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tcpNoDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If set to <code>true</code>, the TCP_NO_DELAY option will be
+      set on the server socket, which improves performance under most
+      circumstances.  This is set to <code>true</code> by default.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">threadPriority</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The priority of the request processing threads within the JVM.
+      The default value is <code>5</code> (the value of the
+      <code>java.lang.Thread.NORM_PRIORITY</code> constant). See the JavaDoc
+      for the <code>java.lang.Thread</code> class for more details on what
+      this priority means.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Java TCP socket attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Java_TCP_socket_attributes"><strong>Java TCP socket attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The BIO and NIO implementation support the following Java TCP socket
+    attributes in addition to the common Connector and HTTP attributes listed
+    above.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.rxBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The socket receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) size in bytes. JVM default
+        used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.txBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The socket send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) size in bytes. JVM default
+        used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.tcpNoDelay</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)This is equivalent to standard attribute
+        <strong>tcpNoDelay</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soKeepAlive</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the socket's keep alive setting
+        (SO_KEEPALIVE). JVM default used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.ooBInline</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the socket OOBINLINE setting. JVM default
+        used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soReuseAddress</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the sockets reuse address option
+        (SO_REUSEADDR). JVM default used if not set.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soLingerOn</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the sockets so linger option (SO_LINGER).
+        A value for the standard attribute <strong>connectionLinger</strong>
+        that is &gt;=0 is equivalent to setting this to <code>true</code>.
+        A value for the standard attribute <strong>connectionLinger</strong>
+        that is &lt;0 is equivalent to setting this to <code>false</code>.
+        Both this attribute and <code>soLingerTime</code> must be set else the
+        JVM defaults will be used for both.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soLingerTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Value in seconds for the sockets so linger option (SO_LINGER).
+        This is equivalent to standard attribute
+        <strong>connectionLinger</strong>.
+        Both this attribute and <code>soLingerOn</code> must be set else the
+        JVM defaults will be used for both.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.soTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This is equivalent to standard attribute
+        <strong>connectionTimeout</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.performanceConnectionTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The first value for the performance settings. See
+        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
+        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
+        be used for all three.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.performanceLatency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The second value for the performance settings. See
+        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
+        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
+        be used for all three.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.performanceBandwidth</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The third value for the performance settings. See
+        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
+        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
+        be used for all three.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.unlockTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int) The timeout for a socket unlock. When a connector is stopped, it will try to release the acceptor thread by opening a connector to itself.
+           The default value is <code>250</code> and the value is in milliseconds</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="BIO specific configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="BIO_specific_configuration"><strong>BIO specific configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following attributes are specific to the BIO connector.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">disableKeepAlivePercentage</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The percentage of processing threads that have to be in use before
+        HTTP keep-alives are disabled to improve scalability. Values less than
+        <code>0</code> will be changed to <code>0</code> and values greater than
+        <code>100</code> will be changed to <code>100</code>. If not specified,
+        the default value is <code>75</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="NIO specific configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="NIO_specific_configuration"><strong>NIO specific configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following attributes are specific to the NIO connector.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pollerThreadCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The number of threads to be used to run for the polling events.
+        Default value is <code>1</code> per processor up to and including version 7.0.27.
+        Default value as of version 7.0.28 is <code>1</code> per processor but not more than 2.<br>
+        When accepting a socket, the operating system holds a global lock. So the benefit of 
+        going above 2 threads diminishes rapidly. Having more than one thread is for 
+        system that need to accept connections very rapidly. However usually just 
+        increasing <code>acceptCount</code> will solve that problem. 
+        Increasing this value may also be beneficial when a large amount of send file 
+        operations are going on.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pollerThreadPriority</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The priority of the poller threads.
+        The default value is <code>5</code> (the value of the
+        <code>java.lang.Thread.NORM_PRIORITY</code> constant). See the JavaDoc
+        for the <code>java.lang.Thread</code> class for more details on what
+        this priority means.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">selectorTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The time in milliseconds to timeout on a select() for the
+        poller. This value is important, since connection clean up is done on
+        the same thread, so do not set this value to an extremely high one. The
+        default value is <code>1000</code> milliseconds.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useComet</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Whether to allow comet servlets or not. Default value is
+        <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useSendfile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Use this attribute to enable or disable sendfile capability.
+        The default value is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.directBuffer</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Boolean value, whether to use direct ByteBuffers or java mapped
+        ByteBuffers. Default is <code>false</code>.<br>
+        When you are using direct buffers, make sure you allocate the
+        appropriate amount of memory for the direct memory space. On Sun's JDK
+        that would be something like <code>-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=256m</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.appReadBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Each connection that is opened up in Tomcat get associated with
+        a read ByteBuffer. This attribute controls the size of this buffer. By
+        default this read buffer is sized at <code>8192</code> bytes. For lower
+        concurrency, you can increase this to buffer more data. For an extreme
+        amount of keep alive connections, decrease this number or increase your
+        heap size.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.appWriteBufSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Each connection that is opened up in Tomcat get associated with
+        a write ByteBuffer. This attribute controls the size of this buffer. By
+        default this write buffer is sized at <code>8192</code> bytes. For low
+        concurrency you can increase this to buffer more response data. For an
+        extreme amount of keep alive connections, decrease this number or
+        increase your heap size.<br>
+        The default value here is pretty low, you should up it if you are not
+        dealing with tens of thousands concurrent connections.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.bufferPool</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The NIO connector uses a class called NioChannel that holds
+        elements linked to a socket. To reduce garbage collection, the NIO
+        connector caches these channel objects. This value specifies the size of
+        this cache. The default value is <code>500</code>, and represents that
+        the cache will hold 500 NioChannel objects. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.bufferPoolSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The NioChannel pool can also be size based, not used object
+        based. The size is calculated as follows:<br>
+        NioChannel
+        <code>buffer size = read buffer size + write buffer size</code><br>
+        SecureNioChannel <code>buffer size = application read buffer size +
+        application write buffer size + network read buffer size +
+        network write buffer size</code><br>
+        The value is in bytes, the default value is <code>1024*1024*100</code>
+        (100MB).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.processorCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache SocketProcessor objects to reduce garbage
+        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
+        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.keyCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache KeyAttachment objects to reduce garbage
+        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
+        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">socket.eventCache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache PollerEvent objects to reduce garbage
+        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
+        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
+        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">selectorPool.maxSelectors</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The max selectors to be used in the pool, to reduce selector
+        contention. Use this option when the command line
+        <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared</code> value is set
+        to false. Default value is <code>200</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">selectorPool.maxSpareSelectors</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The max spare selectors to be used in the pool, to reduce
+        selector contention. When a selector is returned to the pool, the system
+        can decide to keep it or let it be GC'd. Use this option when the
+        command line <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared</code>
+        value is set to false. Default value is <code>-1</code> (unlimited).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">command-line-options</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The following command line options are available for the NIO
+        connector:<br>
+        <code>-Dorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared=true|false</code>
+        - default is <code>true</code>. Set this value to <code>false</code> if you wish to
+        use a selector for each thread. When you set it to <code>false</code>, you can
+        control the size of the pool of selectors by using the
+        <strong>selectorPool.maxSelectors</strong> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">oomParachute</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The NIO connector implements an OutOfMemoryError strategy called
+        parachute. It holds a chunk of data as a byte array. In case of an OOM,
+        this chunk of data is released and the error is reported. This will give
+        the VM enough room to clean up. The <code>oomParachute</code> represents
+        the size in bytes of the parachute(the byte array). The default value is
+        <code>1024*1024</code>(1MB). Please note, this only works for OOM errors
+        regarding the Java Heap space, and there is absolutely no  guarantee
+        that you will be able to recover at all. If you have an OOM outside of
+        the Java Heap, then this parachute trick will not help.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR/native specific configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="APR/native_specific_configuration"><strong>APR/native specific configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following attributes are specific to the APR/native connector.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deferAccept</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Sets the <code>TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT</code> flag on the listening socket
+        for this connector. The default value is <code>true</code> where
+        <code>TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT</code> is supported by the operating system,
+        otherwise it is <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pollerSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Amount of sockets that the poller responsible for polling kept alive
+        connections can hold at a given time. Extra connections will be closed
+        right away. The default value is 8192, corresponding to 8192 keep-alive
+        connections. This is a synonym for maxConnections.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pollerThreadCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Number of threads used to poll kept alive connections. On Windows the
+        default is chosen so that the sockets managed by each thread is
+        less than 1024. For Linux the default is 1. Changing the default on
+        Windows is likely to have a negative performance impact.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pollTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Duration of a poll call in microseconds. Lowering this value will
+        slightly decrease latency of connections being kept alive in some cases,
+        but will use more CPU as more poll calls are being made. The default
+        value is 2000 (2ms).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sendfileSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Amount of sockets that the poller responsible for sending static
+        files asynchronously can hold at a given time. Extra connections will be
+        closed right away without any data being sent (resulting in a zero
+        length file on the client side). Note that in most cases, sendfile is a
+        call that will return right away (being taken care of "synchronously" by
+        the kernel), and the sendfile poller will not be used, so the amount of
+        static files which can be sent concurrently is much larger than the
+        specified amount. The default value is 1024.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sendfileThreadCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Number of threads used service sendfile sockets. On Windows the
+        default is chosen so that the sockets managed by each thread is
+        less than 1024. For Linux the default is 1. Changing the default on
+        Windows is likely to have a negative performance impact.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">threadPriority</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int)The priority of the acceptor and poller threads.
+        The default value is <code>5</code> (the value of the
+        <code>java.lang.Thread.NORM_PRIORITY</code> constant). See the JavaDoc
+        for the <code>java.lang.Thread</code> class for more details on what
+        this priority means.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useComet</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Whether to allow comet servlets or not. Default value is
+        <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useSendfile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(bool)Use this attribute to enable or disable sendfile capability.
+        The default value is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>None at this time.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/1.0 Support"><!--()--></a><a name="HTTP/1.1_and_HTTP/1.0_Support"><strong>HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/1.0 Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>This <strong>Connector</strong> supports all of the required features
+  of the HTTP/1.1 protocol, as described in RFC 2616, including persistent
+  connections, pipelining, expectations and chunked encoding.  If the client
+  (typically a browser) supports only HTTP/1.0, the
+  <strong>Connector</strong> will gracefully fall back to supporting this
+  protocol as well.  No special configuration is required to enable this
+  support. The <strong>Connector</strong> also supports HTTP/1.0
+  keep-alive.</p>
+
+  <p>RFC 2616 requires that HTTP servers always begin their responses with
+  the highest HTTP version that they claim to support.  Therefore, this
+  <strong>Connector</strong> will always return <code>HTTP/1.1</code> at
+  the beginning of its responses.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Proxy Support"><!--()--></a><a name="Proxy_Support"><strong>Proxy Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <code>proxyName</code> and <code>proxyPort</code> attributes can
+  be used when Tomcat is run behind a proxy server.  These attributes
+  modify the values returned to web applications that call the
+  <code>request.getServerName()</code> and <code>request.getServerPort()</code>
+  methods, which are often used to construct absolute URLs for redirects.
+  Without configuring these attributes, the values returned would reflect
+  the server name and port on which the connection from the proxy server
+  was received, rather than the server name and port to whom the client
+  directed the original request.</p>
+
+  <p>For more information, see the
+  <a href="../proxy-howto.html">Proxy Support HOW-TO</a>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SSL Support"><!--()--></a><a name="SSL_Support"><strong>SSL Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>You can enable SSL support for a particular instance of this
+  <strong>Connector</strong> by setting the <code>SSLEnabled</code> attribute to
+  <code>true</code>.</p>
+
+  <p>You will also need to set the <code>scheme</code> and <code>secure</code>
+  attributes to the values <code>https</code> and <code>true</code>
+  respectively, to pass correct information to the servlets.</p>
+
+  <p>The BIO and NIO connectors use the JSSE SSL whereas the APR/native
+  connector uses OpenSSL. Therefore, in addition to using different attributes
+  to configure SSL, the APR/native connector also requires keys and certificates
+  to be provided in a different format.</p>
+
+  <p>For more information, see the
+  <a href="../ssl-howto.html">SSL Configuration HOW-TO</a>.</p>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SSL Support - BIO and NIO"><!--()--></a><a name="SSL_Support_-_BIO_and_NIO"><strong>SSL Support - BIO and NIO</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The BIO and NIO connectors use the following attributes to configure SSL:
+  </p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">algorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The certificate encoding algorithm to be used. This defaults to
+      <code>KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()</code> which returns
+      <code>SunX509</code> for Sun JVMs. IBM JVMs return
+      <code>IbmX509</code>. For other vendors, consult the JVM
+      documentation for the default value.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allowUnsafeLegacyRenegotiation</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Is unsafe legacy TLS renegotiation allowed which is likely to expose
+      users to CVE-2009-3555, a man-in-the-middle vulnerability in the TLS
+      protocol that allows an attacker to inject arbitrary data into the user's
+      request. If not specified, a default of <code>false</code> is used. This
+      attribute only has an effect if the JVM does not support RFC 5746 as
+      indicated by the presence of the pseudo-ciphersuite
+      TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV. This is available JRE/JDK 6 update 22
+      onwards. Where RFC 5746 is supported the renegotiation - including support
+      for unsafe legacy renegotiation - is controlled by the JVM configuration.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ciphers</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The comma separated list of encryption ciphers to support for HTTPS
+      connections. If specified, only the ciphers that are listed and supported
+      by the SSL implementation will be used. By default, the default ciphers
+      for the JVM will be used. Note that this usually means that the weak
+      export grade ciphers will be included in the list of available ciphers.
+      The ciphers are specified using the JSSE cipher naming convention. The
+      special value of <code>ALL</code> will enable all supported ciphers. This
+      will include many that are not secure. <code>ALL</code> is intended for
+      testing purposes only.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clientAuth</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want the SSL stack to require a
+      valid certificate chain from the client before accepting a connection.
+      Set to <code>want</code> if you want the SSL stack to request a client
+      Certificate, but not fail if one isn't presented. A <code>false</code>
+      value (which is the default) will not require a certificate chain
+      unless the client requests a resource protected by a security
+      constraint that uses <code>CLIENT-CERT</code> authentication.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">clientCertProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>When client certificate information is presented in a form other than
+      instances of <code>java.security.cert.X509Certificate</code> it needs to
+      be converted before it can be used and this property controls which JSSE
+      provider is used to perform the conversion. For example it is used with
+      the <a href="ajp.html">AJP connectors</a>, the HTTP APR connector and
+      with the <a href="valve.html#SSL_Authenticator_Valve">
+      org.apache.catalina.valves.SSLValve</a>. If not specified, the default
+      provider will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">crlFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The certificate revocation list to be used to verify client
+      certificates. If not defined, client certificates will not be checked
+      against a certificate revocation list.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keyAlias</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The alias used to for the server certificate in the keystore. If not
+      specified the first key read in the keystore will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keyPass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The password used to access the server certificate from the
+      specified keystore file.  The default value is "<code>changeit</code>".
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keystoreFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The pathname of the keystore file where you have stored the
+      server certificate to be loaded.  By default, the pathname is
+      the file "<code>.keystore</code>" in the operating system home
+      directory of the user that is running Tomcat. If your
+      <code>keystoreType</code> doesn't need a file use <code>""</code>
+      (empty string) for this parameter.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keystorePass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The password used to access the specified keystore file. The default
+      value is the value of the <code>keyPass</code> attribute.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keystoreProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the keystore provider to be used for the server
+      certificate. If not specified, the list of registered providers is
+      traversed in preference order and the first provider that supports the
+      <code>keystoreType</code> is used.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">keystoreType</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The type of keystore file to be used for the server certificate.
+      If not specified, the default value is "<code>JKS</code>".</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionCacheSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of SSL sessions to maintain in the session cache. Use 0 to
+      specify an unlimited cache size. If not specified, a default of 0 is
+      used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The time, in seconds, after the creation of an SSL session that it will
+      timeout. Use 0 to specify an unlimited timeout. If not specified, a
+      default of 86400 (24 hours) is used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sslEnabledProtocols</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The comma separated list of SSL protocols to support for HTTPS
+      connections. If specified, only the protocols that are listed and
+      supported by the SSL implementation will be enabled. If not specified,
+      the JVM default is used. The permitted values may be obtained from the
+      JVM documentation for the allowed values for 
+      <code>SSLSocket.setEnabledProtocols()</code> e.g.
+      <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#jssenames">
+      Oracle Java 6</a> and
+      <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#jssenames">
+      Oracle Java 7</a>. Note: There is overlap between this attribute and
+      <code>sslProtocol</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sslImplementationName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The class name of the SSL implementation to use. If not specified, the
+      default of <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSEImplementation</code>
+      will be used which wraps JVM's default JSSE provider. Note that the
+      JVM can be configured to use a different JSSE provider as the default.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sslProtocol</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The the SSL protocol(s) to use (a single value may enable multiple
+      protocols - see the JVM documentation for details). If not specified, the
+      default is <code>TLS</code>. The permitted values may be obtained from the
+      JVM documentation for the allowed values for algorithm when creating an
+      <code>SSLContext</code> instance e.g.
+      <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#SSLContext">
+      Oracle Java 6</a> and
+      <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#SSLContext">
+      Oracle Java 7</a>. Note: There is overlap between this attribute and
+      <code>sslEnabledProtocols</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">trustManagerClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of a custom trust manager class to use to validate client
+      certificates. The class must have a zero argument constructor and must
+      also implement <code>javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager</code>. If this
+      attribute is set, the trust store attributes may be ignored.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">trustMaxCertLength</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum number of intermediate certificates that will be allowed
+      when validating client certificates. If not specified, the default value
+      of 5 will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">truststoreAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The algorithm to use for truststore. If not specified, the default
+      value returned by
+      <code>javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()</code> is
+      used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">truststoreFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The trust store file to use to validate client certificates. The
+      default is the value of the <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStore</code> system
+      property. If neither this attribute nor the default system property is
+      set, no trust store will be configured.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">truststorePass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The password to access the trust store. The default is the value of the
+      <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword</code> system property. If that
+      property is null, no trust store password will be configured. If an
+      invalid trust store password is specified, a warning will be logged and an
+      attempt will be made to access the trust store without a password which
+      will skip validation of the trust store contents.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">truststoreProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the truststore provider to be used for the server
+      certificate. The default is the value of the
+      <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStoreProvider</code> system property. If
+      that property is null, the value of <code>keystoreProvider</code> is used
+      as the default. If neither this attribute, the default system property nor
+      <code>keystoreProvider</code>is set, the list of registered providers is
+      traversed in preference order and the first provider that supports the
+      <code>truststoreType</code> is used.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">truststoreType</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The type of key store used for the trust store. The default is the
+      value of the <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStoreType</code> system property. If
+      that property is null, the value of <code>keystoreType</code> is used as
+      the default.</p>
+     </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SSL Support - APR/Native"><!--()--></a><a name="SSL_Support_-_APR/Native"><strong>SSL Support - APR/Native</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>When APR/native is enabled, the HTTPS connector will use a socket poller
+  for keep-alive, increasing scalability of the server. It also uses OpenSSL,
+  which may be more optimized than JSSE depending on the processor being used,
+  and can be complemented with many commercial accelerator components. Unlike
+  the HTTP connector, the HTTPS connector cannot use sendfile to optimize static
+  file processing.</p>
+
+  <p>The HTTPS APR/native connector has the same attributes than the HTTP
+  APR/native connector, but adds OpenSSL specific ones. For the full details on
+  using OpenSSL, please refer to OpenSSL documentations and the many books
+  available for it (see the <a href="http://www.openssl.org">Official OpenSSL
+  website</a>). The SSL specific attributes for the APR/native connector are:
+  </p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCACertificateFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcacertificatefile">
+      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCACertificatePath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcacertificatepath">
+      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCARevocationFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcarevocationfile">
+      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCARevocationPath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcarevocationpath">
+      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCertificateChainFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcertificatechainfile">
+      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCACertificateFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the file that contains the concatenated certificates for the
+      trusted certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCACertificatePath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the directory that contains the certificates for the trusted
+      certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCARevocationFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the file that contains the concatenated certificate revocation
+      lists for the certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCARevocationPath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the directory that contains the certificate revocation lists
+      for the certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCertificateChainFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the file that contains concatenated certifcates for the
+      certificate authorities which form the certifcate chain for the server
+      certificate. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">SSLCertificateFile</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the file that contains the server certificate. The format is
+      PEM-encoded.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCertificateKeyFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the file that contains the server private key. The format is
+      PEM-encoded. The default value is the value of "SSLCertificateFile" and in
+      this case both certificate and private key have to be in this file (NOT
+      RECOMMENDED).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLCipherSuite</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Ciphers which may be used for communicating with clients. The default
+      is "ALL", with other acceptable values being a list of ciphers, with ":"
+      used as the delimiter (see OpenSSL documentation for the list of ciphers
+      supported).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLDisableCompression</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Disables compression if set to <code>true</code> and OpenSSL supports
+      disabling compression. Default is <code>false</code> which inherits the
+      default compression setting in OpenSSL.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLHonorCipherOrder</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set to <code>true</code> to enforce the server's cipher order
+      (from the <code>SSLCipherSuite</code> setting) instead of allowing
+      the client to choose the cipher (which is the default).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLPassword</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Pass phrase for the encrypted private key. If "SSLPassword" is not
+      provided, the callback function should prompt for the pass phrase.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLProtocol</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Protocol which may be used for communicating with clients. The default
+      value is <code>all</code>, which is equivalent to <code>SSLv3+TLSv1</code>
+      with other acceptable values being <code>SSLv2</code>,
+      <code>SSLv3</code>, <code>TLSv1</code> and any combination of the three
+      protocols concatenated with a plus sign. Note that the protocol
+      <code>SSLv2</code> is inherently unsafe.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLVerifyClient</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Ask client for certificate. The default is "none", meaning the client
+      will not have the opportunity to submit a certificate. Other acceptable
+      values include "optional", "require" and "optionalNoCA".</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLVerifyDepth</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Maximum verification depth for client certificates. The default is
+      "10".</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Connector Comparison"><!--()--></a><a name="Connector_Comparison"><strong>Connector Comparison</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Below is a small chart that shows how the connectors differentiate.</p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+                       Java Blocking Connector   Java Non Blocking Connector   APR/native Connector
+                                 BIO                         NIO                       APR
+    Classname              Http11Protocol             Http11NioProtocol         Http11AprProtocol
+    Tomcat Version           3.x onwards                 6.x onwards              5.5.x onwards
+    Support Polling              NO                          YES                       YES
+    Polling Size                 N/A                   maxConnections             maxConnections
+    Read HTTP Request         Blocking                  Non Blocking                 Blocking
+    Read HTTP Body            Blocking                  Sim Blocking                 Blocking
+    Write HTTP Response       Blocking                  Sim Blocking                 Blocking
+    Wait for next Request     Blocking                  Non Blocking               Non Blocking
+    SSL Support               Java SSL                    Java SSL                   OpenSSL
+    SSL Handshake             Blocking                  Non blocking                 Blocking
+    Max Connections        maxConnections              maxConnections             maxConnections
+
+
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - Overview</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Overview</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This manual contains reference information about all of the configuration
+directives that can be included in a <code>conf/server.xml</code> file to
+configure the behavior of the Tomcat 7 Servlet/JSP container.  It does not
+attempt to describe which configuration directives should be used to perform
+specific tasks - for that, see the various <em>HOW-TO</em> documents on the
+main index page.</p>
+
+<p>Tomcat configuration files are formatted as schemaless XML; elements and
+attributes are case-sensitive. Apache Ant-style variable substitution
+is supported; a system property with the name <code>propname</code> may be
+used in a configuration file using the syntax <code>${propname}</code>. All
+system properties are available including those set using the <code>-D</code>
+syntax, those automatically made available by the JVM and those configured in
+the <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties</code> file.
+</p>
+
+<p>The configuration element descriptions are organized into the following
+major categories:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Top Level Elements</strong> - <code>&lt;Server&gt;</code> is the
+    root element of the entire configuration file, while
+    <code>&lt;Service&gt;</code> represents a group of Connectors that is
+    associated with an Engine.</li>
+<li><strong>Connectors</strong> - Represent the interface between external
+    clients sending requests to (and receiving responses from) a particular
+    Service.</li>
+<li><strong>Containers</strong> - Represent components whose function is to
+    process incoming requests, and create the corresponding responses.
+    An Engine handles all requests for a Service, a Host handles all requests
+    for a particular virtual host, and a Context handles all requests for a
+    specific web application.</li>
+<li><strong>Nested Components</strong> - Represent elements that can be
+    nested inside the element for a Container.  Some elements can be nested
+    inside any Container, while others can only be nested inside a
+    Context.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>For each element, the corresponding documentation follows this general
+outline:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Introduction</strong> - Overall description of this particular
+    component.  There will be a corresponding Java <em>interface</em> (in
+    the <code>org.apache.catalina</code> package) that is implemented by one
+    or more standard implementations.</li>
+<li><strong>Attributes</strong> - The set of attributes that are legal for
+    this element.  Generally, this will be subdivided into <em>Common</em>
+    attributes that are supported by all implementations of the corresponding
+    Java interface, and <em>Standard Implementation</em> attributes that are
+    specific to a particular Java class that implements this interface.
+    The names of required attributes are <strong>bolded</strong>.</li>
+<li><strong>Nested Components</strong> - Enumerates which of the <em>Nested
+    Components</em> can be legally nested within this element.</li>
+<li><strong>Special Features</strong> - Describes the configuration of a large
+    variety of special features (specific to each element type) that are
+    supported by the standard implementation of this interface.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
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+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
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+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/jar-scanner.html b/webapps/docs/config/jar-scanner.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..974e055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/config/jar-scanner.html
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Jar Scanner Component</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Jar Scanner Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Jar Scanner</strong> element represents the component that is
+  used to scan the web application for JAR files. It is typically used during
+  web application start to identify configuration files such as TLDs or
+  web-fragment.xml files that must be processed as part of the web application
+  initialisation.</p>
+
+  <p>A Jar Scanner element MAY be nested inside a
+  <a href="context.html">Context</a> component.  If it is not included,
+  a default Jar Scanner configuration will be created automatically, which
+  is sufficient for most requirements.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Jar Scanner</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.tomcat.JarScanner</code> interface.
+        If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Jar Scanner</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanner</strong>.
+    It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+    common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scanAllDirectories</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>If true, any directories found on the classpath will be checked to see
+       if are expanded Jar files. The default is <code>false</code>. Tomcat
+       determines if directory is an expanded JAR file by looking for a META-INF
+       sub-directory. Only if the META-INF sub-directory exists, is the
+       directory to be an expanded JAR file.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scanAllFiles</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>If true, any files found on the classpath will be checked to see if
+       they are Jar files rather than relying on the file extension being
+       <code>.jar</code>. The default is <code>false</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scanClassPath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>If true, the full web application classpath, including the shared and
+       common classloaders and the system classpath (but not the bootstrap
+       classpath) will be scanned for Jar files in addition to the web
+       application. The default is <code>true</code>. </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">scanBootstrapClassPath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>If <code>scanClassPath</code> is true and this is true the bootstrap
+       classpath will also be scanned for Jar files. The default is
+       <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>No components may be nested inside a <strong>Jar Scanner</strong> element.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>No special features are associated with a <strong>Jar Scanner</strong>
+  element.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/jar-scanner.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/listeners.html b/webapps/docs/config/listeners.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf35a7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/config/listeners.html
@@ -0,0 +1,459 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The LifeCycle Listener Component</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The LifeCycle Listener Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementations">Standard Implementations</a><ol><li><a href="#APR_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener">APR Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener</a></li><li><a href="#Jasper_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener">Jasper Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener</a></li><li><a href="#Global_Resources_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener">Global Resources Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener</a></li><li><a href="#JRE_Memory_Leak_Prevention_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener">JRE Memory Leak Prevention Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</a></li><li><a href="#Security_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener">Security Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener</a></li><li><a href="#ThreadLocal_Leak_Prevention_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener">ThreadLocal Leak Prevention Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener</a></li><li><a href="#UserConfig_-_org.apache.catalina.startup.UserConfig">UserConfig - org.apache.catalina.startup.UserConfig</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Additional_Implementations">Additional Implementations</a><ol><li><a href="#JMX_Remote_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.mbeans.JmxRemoteLifecycleListener">JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.mbeans.JmxRemoteLifecycleListener</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <strong>Listener</strong> element defines a component that performs
+  actions when specific events occur, usually Tomcat starting or Tomcat
+  stopping.</p>
+
+  <p>Listeners may be nested inside a <a href="server.html">Server</a>,
+  <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>, <a href="host.html">Host</a> or
+  <a href="context.html">Context</a>. Some Listeners are only intended to be
+  nested inside specific elements. These constraints are noted in the
+  documentation below.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Listener</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use. This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code>
+        interface.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>No element may be nested inside a <strong>Listener</strong>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementations"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementations"><strong>Standard Implementations</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Unlike most Catalina components, there are several standard
+  <strong>Listener</strong> implementations available.  As a result,
+  the <code>className</code> attribute MUST be used to select the
+  implementation you wish to use.</p>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="APR Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"><!--()--></a><a name="APR_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"><strong>APR Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>APR Lifecycle Listener</strong> checks for the presence of
+    the APR/native library and loads the library if it is present. For more
+    information see the <a href="../apr.html">APR/native guide</a>.</p>
+
+    <p>This listener must only be nested within <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+    elements.</p>
+
+    <p>The following additional attributes are supported by the <strong>APR
+    Lifecycle Listener</strong>:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLEngine</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the SSLEngine to use. <code>off</code>: do not use SSL,
+        <code>on</code>: use SSL but no specific ENGINE.</p>
+        <p>The default value is <b>on</b>. This initializes the
+        native SSL engine, which must be enabled in the APR/native connector by
+        the use of the <code>SSLEnabled</code> attribute.</p>
+        <p>See the <a href="http://www.openssl.org/">Official OpenSSL website</a>
+        for more details on supported SSL hardware engines and manufacturers.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">SSLRandomSeed</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Entropy source used to seed the SSLEngine's PRNG. The default value
+        is <code>builtin</code>. On development systems, you may want to set
+        this to <code>/dev/urandom</code> to allow quicker start times.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">FIPSMode</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>on</code> to instruct OpenSSL to go into FIPS mode.
+        FIPS mode <em>requires you to have a FIPS-capable OpenSSL library which
+        you must build yourself</em>.
+        FIPS mode also requires Tomcat native library version 1.1.23 or later,
+        which <em>must be built against the FIPS-compatible OpenSSL</em> library.
+        If this attribute is "on", <b>SSLEngine</b> must be enabled as well.
+        The default value is <code>off</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Jasper Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"><!--()--></a><a name="Jasper_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"><strong>Jasper Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Jasper Listener</strong> initializes the Jasper 2 JSP engine
+    before any web applications that may use it are loaded. For more
+    information on the Jasper 2 JSP engine see the
+    <a href="../jasper-howto.html">Jasper How To</a>.</p>
+
+    <p>This listener must only be nested within <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+    elements.</p>
+
+    <p>No additional attributes are supported by the <strong>Jasper Listener
+    </strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Global Resources Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"><!--()--></a><a name="Global_Resources_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"><strong>Global Resources Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Global Resources Lifecycle Listener</strong> initializes the
+    Global JNDI resources defined in server.xml as part of the <a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a> element. Without this
+    listener, none of the Global Resources will be available.</p>
+
+    <p>This listener must only be nested within <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+    elements.</p>
+
+    <p>No additional attributes are supported by the <strong>Global Resources
+    Lifecycle Listener</strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JRE Memory Leak Prevention Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"><!--()--></a><a name="JRE_Memory_Leak_Prevention_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"><strong>JRE Memory Leak Prevention Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>JRE Memory Leak Prevention Listener</strong> provides
+    work-arounds for known places where the Java Runtime environment uses
+    the context class loader to load a singleton as this will cause a memory
+    leak if a web application class loader happens to be the context class
+    loader at the time. The work-around is to initialise these singletons when
+    this listener starts as Tomcat's common class loader is the context class
+    loader at that time. It also provides work-arounds for known issues that
+    can result in locked JAR files.</p>
+
+    <p>This listener must only be nested within <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+    elements.</p>
+
+    <p>The following additional attributes are supported by the <strong>JRE
+    Memory Leak Prevention Listener</strong>:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">appContextProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that calls to
+        <code>sun.awt.AppContext.getAppContext()</code> triggered by a web
+        application do not result in a memory leak. Note that a call to this
+        method will be triggered as part of the web application stop process
+        when running on Java 6 and earlier. It is therefore strongly recommended
+        that this protection is enabled when running on Java 6 and earlier. The
+        default is <code>true</code> for Java 6 and earlier versions. The
+        default is <code>false</code> for Java 7 and later versions.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">AWTThreadProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that calls to
+        <code>java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit()</code> triggered by a web
+        application do not result in a memory leak.
+        Defaults to <code>false</code> because an AWT thread is launched.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">classesToInitialize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>List of comma-separated fully qualified class names to load and initialize
+        during the startup of this Listener. This allows to pre-load classes that are
+        known to provoke classloader leaks if they are loaded during a request
+        processing. Non-JRE classes may be referenced, like
+        <code>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleTimeoutThreadPerVM</code>.
+        The default value is empty, but specific JRE classes are loaded by other leak
+        protection features managed by other attributes of this Listener.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">driverManagerProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The first use of <code>java.sql.DriverManager</code> will trigger the
+        loading of JDBC Driver in the the current class loader. The web
+        application level memory leak protection can take care of this in most
+        cases but triggering the loading here has fewer side-effects. The
+        default is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">gcDaemonProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that calls to
+        <code>sun.misc.GC.requestLatency(long)</code> triggered by a web
+        application do not result in a memory leak. Use of RMI is likely to
+        trigger a call to this method. A side effect of enabling this protection
+        is the creation of a thread named "GC Daemon". The protection uses
+        reflection to access internal Sun classes and may generate errors on
+        startup on non-Sun JVMs. The default is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">java2DDisposerProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that loading the
+        <code>sun.java2d.Disposer</code> class by a web application does not
+        result in a memory leak.
+        Defaults to <code>false</code> because a thread is launched.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">ldapPoolProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that the PoolCleaner thread started by
+        <code>com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapPoolManager</code> does not result in a
+        memory leak. The thread is started the first time the
+        <code>LdapPoolManager</code> class is used if the system property
+        <code>com.sun.jndi.ldap.connect.pool.timeout</code> is set to a value
+        greater than 0. Without this protection, if a web application uses this
+        class the PoolCleaner thread will be configured with the thread's
+        context class loader set to the web application class loader which in
+        turn will trigger a memory leak on reload. Defaults to
+        <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securityLoginConfigurationProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that usage of the
+        <code>javax.security.auth.login.Configuration</code> class by a web
+        application does not provoke a memory leak. The first access of this
+        class will trigger the initializer that will retain a static reference
+        to the context class loader. The protection loads the class with the
+        system class loader to ensure that the static initializer is not
+        triggered by a web application. Defaults to <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securityPolicyProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that usage of the deprecated
+        <code>javax.security.auth.Policy</code> class by a web application does not
+        result in a memory leak. The first access of this class will trigger the
+        static initializer that will retain a static reference to the context
+        class loader. The protection calls the <code>getPolicy()</code> method
+        of this class to ensure that the static initializer is not triggered by
+        a web application. Defaults to <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">tokenPollerProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that any token poller thread initialized by
+        <code>sun.security.pkcs11.SunPKCS11.initToken()</code> does not
+        result in a memory leak. The thread is started depending on various
+        conditions as part of the initialization of the Java Cryptography
+        Architecture. Without the protection this can happen during Webapp
+        deployment when the MessageDigest for generating session IDs is
+        initialized. As a result the thread has the Webapp class loader as its
+        thread context class loader. Enabling the protection initializes JCA
+        early during Tomcat startup. Defaults to <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">urlCacheProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that reading resources from JAR files using
+        <code>java.net.URLConnection</code>s does not result in the JAR file
+        being locked. Note that enabling this protection disables caching by
+        default for all resources obtained via
+        <code>java.net.URLConnection</code>s. Caching may be re-enabled on a
+        case by case basis as required. Defaults to <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">xmlParsingProtection</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Enables protection so that parsing XML files within a web application
+        does not result in a memory leak. Note that memory profilers may not
+        display the GC root associated with this leak making it particularly
+        hard to diagnose. Defaults to <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Security Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener"><!--()--></a><a name="Security_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener"><strong>Security Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Security Lifecycle Listener</strong> performs a number of
+    security checks when Tomcat starts and prevents Tomcat from starting if they
+    fail. The listener is not enabled by default. To enabled it uncomment the
+    listener in $CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml. If the operating system supports
+    umask then the line in $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh that obtains the umask
+    also needs to be uncommented.</p>
+
+    <p>This listener must only be nested within <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+    elements.</p>
+
+    <p>The following additional attributes are supported by the <strong>Security
+    Lifecycle Listener</strong>:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">checkedOsUsers</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A comma separated list of OS users that must not be used to start
+        Tomcat. If not specified, the default value of <b>root</b> is used. To
+        disable this check, set the attribute to the empty string. Usernames
+        are checked in a case-insensitive manner.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minimumUmask</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The least rectrictive umask that must be configured before Tomcat
+        will start. If not specified, the default value of <b>0007</b> is used.
+        To disable this check, set the attribute to the empty string. The check
+        is not performed on Windows platforms.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="ThreadLocal Leak Prevention Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"><!--()--></a><a name="ThreadLocal_Leak_Prevention_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"><strong>ThreadLocal Leak Prevention Listener - org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>ThreadLocal Leak Prevention Listener</strong> triggers the
+    renewal of threads in Executor pools when a
+    <a href="context.html">Context</a> is being stopped to avoid thread-local
+    related memory leaks. Active threads will be renewed one by one when they
+    come back to the pool after executing their task.</p>
+
+    <p>This listener must only be nested within <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+    elements.</p>
+
+    <p>No additional attributes are supported by the <strong>ThreadLocal Leak
+    Prevention Listener</strong>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="UserConfig - org.apache.catalina.startup.UserConfig"><!--()--></a><a name="UserConfig_-_org.apache.catalina.startup.UserConfig"><strong>UserConfig - org.apache.catalina.startup.UserConfig</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>UserConfig</strong> provides feature of User Web Applications.
+    User Web Applications map a request URI starting with a tilde character ("~")
+    and a username to a directory (commonly named public_html) in that user's 
+    home directory on the server.</p>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="host.html#User_Web_Applications">User Web Applications</a>
+    special feature on the <strong>Host</strong> element for more information.</p>
+
+    <p>The following additional attributes are supported by the 
+    <strong>UserConfig</strong>:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">directoryName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The directory name to be searched for within each user home directory.
+        The default is <code>public_html</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The class name of the user database class.
+        There are currently two user database, the 
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.startup.PasswdUserDatabase</code> is used on a
+        Unix system that uses the /etc/passwd file to identify valid users.
+        The <code>org.apache.catalina.startup.HomesUserDatabase</code> is used on 
+        a server where /etc/passwd is not in use. HomesUserDatabase deploy all 
+        directories found in a specified base directory.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">homeBase</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The base directory containing user home directories.This is effective 
+        only when <code>org.apache.catalina.startup.HomesUserDatabase</code> is 
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allow</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression defining user who deployment is allowed. If this 
+        attribute is specified, the user to deploy must match for this pattern.
+        If this attribute is not specified, all users will be deployed unless the
+        user matches a deny pattern.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deny</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression defining user who deployment is denied. If this
+        attribute is specified, the user to deploy must not match for this
+        pattern. If this attribute is not specified, deployment of user will be
+        governed by a allow attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Additional Implementations"><!--()--></a><a name="Additional_Implementations"><strong>Additional Implementations</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.mbeans.JmxRemoteLifecycleListener"><!--()--></a><a name="JMX_Remote_Lifecycle_Listener_-_org.apache.catalina.mbeans.JmxRemoteLifecycleListener"><strong>JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener - org.apache.catalina.mbeans.JmxRemoteLifecycleListener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>This listener requires <code>catalina-jmx-remote.jar</code> to be placed
+    in <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>. This jar may be found in the extras
+    directory of the binary download area.</p>
+
+    <p>The <strong>JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener</strong> fixes the ports used by
+    the JMX/RMI Server making things much simpler if you need to connect
+    jconsole or a similar tool to a remote Tomcat instance that is running
+    behind a firewall. Only these ports are configured via the listener. The
+    remainder of the configuration is via the standard system properties for
+    configuring JMX. For further information on configuring JMX see
+    <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/management/agent.html">
+    Monitoring and Management Using JMX</a> included with the Java SDK
+    documentation.</p>
+
+    <p>This listener must only be nested within a <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+    element.</p>
+
+    <p>The following additional attributes are supported by the <strong>JMX Remote
+    Lifecycle Listener</strong>:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">rmiRegistryPortPlatform</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The port to be used by the JMX/RMI registry for the Platform MBeans.
+        This replaces the use of the
+        <code>com.sun.management.jmxremote.port</code> system property that
+        should not be set when using this valve.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">rmiServerPortPlatform</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The port to be used by the Platform JMX/RMI server.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">rmiBindAddress</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The address of the interface to be used by JMX/RMI server. Setting
+        this option to <code>true</code> is incompatible with setting the system
+        property <code>com.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl</code> to
+        <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useLocalPorts</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should any clients using these ports be forced to use local ports to
+        connect to the the JMX/RMI server. This is useful when tunnelling
+        connections over SSH or similar. Defaults to <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <h3>Using file-based Authentication and Authorisation</h3>
+
+    <p>If this listener was configured in server.xml as:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.JmxRemoteLifecycleListener"
+          rmiRegistryPortPlatform="10001" rmiServerPortPlatform="10002" /&gt;
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    with the following system properties set (e.g. in setenv.sh):
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.password.file=$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.password
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.access.file=$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.access
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    $CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.password containing:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  admin letmein
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    $CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.access containing:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  admin readwrite
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    then opening ports 10001 (RMI Registry) and 10002 (JMX/RMI Server) in your
+    firewall would enable jconsole to connect to a Tomcat instance running
+    behind a firewall using a connection string of the form:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  service:jmx:rmi://&lt;hostname&gt;:10002/jndi/rmi://&lt;hostname&gt;:10001/jmxrmi
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    with a user name of <code>admin</code> and a password of
+    <code>letmein</code>.
+    </p>
+
+    <h3>Using JAAS</h3>
+
+    <p>If we use the following system properties instead:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.login.config=Tomcat
+  -Djava.security.auth.login.config=$CATALINA_BASE/conf/login.config
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.access.file=$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.access
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    $CATALINA_BASE/conf/login.config containing your choice of JAAS LoginModule implementation, for example:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  Tomcat { /* should match to the com.sun.management.jmxremote.login.config property */
+
+    /* for illustration purposes only */
+    com.sun.security.auth.module.LdapLoginModule REQUIRED
+      userProvider="ldap://ldap-svr/ou=people,dc=example,dc=com"
+      userFilter="(&amp;(uid={USERNAME})(objectClass=inetOrgPerson))"
+      authzIdentity="admin"
+      debug=true;
+  };
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    $CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.access containing:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  admin readwrite
+  </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    then we would need to provide LDAP credentials instead.
+    </p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note that the examples above do not use SSL. JMX access should
+    be considered equivalent to administrative access and secured accordingly.
+    </strong></p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Loader Component</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Loader Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li><li><a href="#VirtualWebappLoader_Implementation">VirtualWebappLoader Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Logging">Logging</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Loader</strong> element represents the <em>web
+  application class loader</em> that will be used to load Java
+  classes and resources for your web application.  Such
+  a class loader must follow the requirements of the Servlet
+  Specification, and load classes from the following locations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>From the <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> directory inside your
+      web application.</li>
+  <li>From JAR files in the <code>/WEB-INF/lib</code> directory
+      inside your web application.</li>
+  <li>From resources made available by Catalina to all web
+      applications globally.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>A Loader element MAY be nested inside a <a href="context.html">Context</a>
+  component.  If it is not included, a default Loader configuration will be
+  created automatically, which is sufficient for most requirements.</p>
+
+  <p>For a more in-depth description of the class loader hierarchy
+  that is implemented by Catalina, see <a href="../class-loader-howto.html">the ClassLoader HowTo</a>.</p>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Loader</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Loader</code> interface.
+        If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">delegate</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want the class loader to follow
+        the standard Java2 delegation model, and attempt to load classes from
+        parent class loaders <strong>before</strong> looking inside the web
+        application.  Set to <code>false</code> (the default) to have the
+        class loader look inside the web application first, before asking
+        parent class loaders to find requested classes or resources.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">reloadable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want Catalina to monitor classes in
+        <code>/WEB-INF/classes/</code> and <code>/WEB-INF/lib</code> for
+        changes, and automatically reload the web application if a change
+        is detected.  This feature is very useful during application
+        development, but it requires significant runtime overhead and is
+        not recommended for use on deployed production applications.  You
+        can use the <a href="../manager-howto.html">Manager</a> web
+        application, however, to trigger reloads of deployed applications
+        on demand.</p>
+
+        <p><strong>NOTE</strong> - The value for this property will be
+        inherited from the <code>reloadable</code> attribute you set on
+        the surrounding <a href="context.html">Context</a> component,
+        and any value you explicitly set here will be replaced.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Loader</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappLoader</strong>.
+    It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+    common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">loaderClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the <code>java.lang.ClassLoader</code>
+        implementation class to use.  If not specified, the default value is
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader</code>. Custom
+        <strong>loaderClass</strong> implementations must extend
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">searchExternalFirst</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want repositories outside
+        of <code>WEB-INF/classes</code> and <code>WEB-INF/lib</code> to
+        be searched first. Default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="VirtualWebappLoader Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="VirtualWebappLoader_Implementation"><strong>VirtualWebappLoader Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>This implementation of <strong>Loader</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.catalina.loader.VirtualWebappLoader</strong>.
+    It extends <code>WebappLoader</code> and supports the following
+    additional attributes</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">virtualClasspath</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Additional repositories to search for resources.
+        Multiple values can be joined using <code>;</code>
+        as a separator.</p>
+        <p>Leading and trailing whitespaces in values are ignored.
+        If a value does not point to an existing directory or
+        <code>*.jar</code> file, it is silently skipped.
+        Diagnostic messages can be seen if you enable debug logging for
+        the VirtualWebappLoader class.
+        </p>
+        <p>Example: <code>virtualClasspath="${catalina.base}/myapp_config"</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">searchVirtualFirst</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want the virtual
+        class path to be searched before
+        <code>WEB-INF/classes</code> and <code>WEB-INF/lib</code>.
+        Default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+        <p>If searched before, resources located in the virtual
+        class path take precendence over resources with the same
+        name contained in the webapp.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>No components may be nested inside a <strong>Loader</strong> element.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Logging"><strong>Logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>A loader is associated with the log category based on its classname.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Manager Component</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Manager Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Persistence_Across_Restarts">Persistence Across Restarts</a></li><li><a href="#Disable_Session_Persistence">Disable Session Persistence</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Manager</strong> element represents the <em>session
+  manager</em> that will be used to create and maintain HTTP sessions
+  as requested by the associated web application.</p>
+
+  <p>A Manager element MAY be nested inside a
+  <a href="context.html">Context</a> component.  If it is not included,
+  a default Manager configuration will be created automatically, which
+  is sufficient for most requirements, &mdash; see
+  <em>Standard Manager Implementation</em> below for the details
+  of this configuration.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Manager</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Manager</code> interface.
+        If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">distributable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to ask the session manager to enforce
+        the restrictions described in the Servlet Specification on
+        distributable applications (primarily, this would mean that all
+        session attributes must implement <code>java.io.Serializable</code>).
+        Set to <code>false</code> (the default) to not enforce these
+        restrictions.</p>
+
+        <p><strong>NOTE</strong> - The value for this property is inherited
+        automatically based on the presence or absence of the
+        <code>&lt;distributable&gt;</code> element in the web application
+        deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxActiveSessions</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The maximum number of active sessions that will be created by
+        this Manager, or <code>-1</code> (the default) for no limit.</p>
+
+        <p>When the limit is reached, any attempt to create a new session
+        (e.g. with <code>HttpServletRequest.getSession()</code> call)
+        will fail with an <code>IllegalStateException</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxInactiveInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The initial maximum time interval, in seconds,
+        between client requests before a session is invalidated. A negative value
+        will result in sessions never timing out. If the attribute is not provided,
+        a default of 1800 seconds (30 minutes) is used.</p>
+
+        <p>This attribute provides the initial value whenever a
+        new session is created, but the interval may be dynamically
+        varied by a servlet via the
+        <code>setMaxInactiveInterval</code> method of the <code>HttpSession</code> object.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionIdLength</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>The length of session ids created by this Manager, measured in bytes,
+        excluding subsequent conversion to a hexadecimal string and
+        excluding any JVM route information used for load balancing.
+        The default is 16.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Tomcat provides two standard implementations of <strong>Manager</strong>
+    for use &mdash; the default one stores active sessions, while the optional one
+    stores active sessions that have been swapped out (in addition to saving
+    sessions across a restart of Tomcat) in a storage location that is selected
+    via the use of an appropriate <strong>Store</strong> nested element.</p>
+
+    <h3>Standard Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+    <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Manager</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</strong>.
+    It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+    common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pathname</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Absolute or relative (to the work directory for this Context)
+        pathname of the file in which session state will be preserved
+        across application restarts, if possible.  The default is
+        "SESSIONS.ser".<br>See
+        <a href="#Persistence_Across_Restarts">Persistence Across Restarts</a>
+        for more information. This persistence may be
+        disabled by setting this attribute to an empty string.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processExpiresFrequency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Frequency of the session expiration, and related manager operations.
+        Manager operations will be done once for the specified amount of
+        backgroundProcess calls (i.e., the lower the amount, the more often the
+        checks will occur). The minimum value is 1, and the default value is 6.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the Java class that extends
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> to use to generate session IDs.
+        If not specified, the default value is
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the provider to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+        IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the Manager
+        will use the platform default provider and the default algorithm. If not
+        specified, the platform default provider will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the algorithm to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+        IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the Manager
+        will use the platform default provider and the default algorithm. If not
+        specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the
+        default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used.
+        To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the
+        secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty
+        string.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <h3>Persistent Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+    <p><strong>NOTE:</strong> You must set either the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSession.ACTIVITY_CHECK</code> or
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code>
+    <a href="systemprops.html">system properties</a> to <code>true</code> for
+    the persistent manager to work correctly.</p>
+
+    <p>The persistent implementation of <strong>Manager</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager</strong>.  In
+    addition to the usual operations of creating and deleting sessions, a
+    <code>PersistentManager</code> has the capability to swap active (but
+    idle) sessions out to a persistent storage mechanism, as well as to save
+    all sessions across a normal restart of Tomcat.  The actual persistent
+    storage mechanism used is selected by your choice of a
+    <strong>Store</strong> element nested inside the <strong>Manager</strong>
+    element - this is required for use of <code>PersistentManager</code>.</p>
+
+    <p>This implementation of Manager supports the following attributes in
+    addition to the <a href="#Common Attributes">Common Attributes</a>
+    described earlier.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>It has the same meaning as described in the
+        <a href="#Common Attributes">Common Attributes</a> above.
+        You <strong>must</strong> specify
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager</code> to use
+        this manager implementation.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxIdleBackup</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The time interval (in seconds) since the last access to a session
+        before it is eligible for being persisted to the session store, or
+        <code>-1</code> to disable this feature.  By default, this feature is
+        disabled.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxIdleSwap</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The time interval (in seconds) since the last access to a session
+        before it should be persisted to the session store, and
+        passivated out of the server's memory, or <code>-1</code> to disable
+        this feature.  If this feature is enabled, the time interval specified
+        here should be equal to or longer than the value specified for
+        <code>maxIdleBackup</code>.  By default, this feature is disabled.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minIdleSwap</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The time interval (in seconds) since the last access to a session
+        before it will be eligible to be persisted to the session store, and
+        passivated out of the server's memory, or <code>-1</code> for this
+        swapping to be available at any time.  If specified, this value should
+        be less than that specified by <code>maxIdleSwap</code>.  By default,
+        this value is set to <code>-1</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">processExpiresFrequency</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>It is the same as described above for the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">saveOnRestart</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should all sessions be persisted and reloaded when Tomcat is shut
+        down and restarted (or when this application is reloaded)?  By default,
+        this attribute is set to <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>It is the same as described above for the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>It is the same as described above for the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>It is the same as described above for the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code> class.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>In order to successfully use a PersistentManager, you must nest inside
+    it a <strong>&lt;Store&gt;</strong> element, as described below.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <h3>Standard Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+  <p>If you are using the <em>Standard Manager Implementation</em>
+  as described above, no elements may be nested inside your
+  <strong>&lt;Manager&gt;</strong> element.</p>
+
+  <h3>Persistent Manager Implementation</h3>
+
+  <p>If you are using the <em>Persistent Manager Implementation</em>
+  as described above, you <strong>MUST</strong> nest a
+  <strong>&lt;Store&gt;</strong> element inside, which defines the
+  characteristics of the persistent data storage.  Two implementations
+  of the <code>&lt;Store&gt;</code> element are currently available,
+  with different characteristics, as described below.</p>
+
+  <h5>File Based Store</h5>
+
+  <p>The <em>File Based Store</em> implementation saves swapped out
+  sessions in individual files (named based on the session identifier)
+  in a configurable directory.  Therefore, you are likely to encounter
+  scalability problems as the number of active sessions increases, and
+  this should primarily be considered a means to easily experiment.</p>
+
+  <p>To configure this, add a <code>&lt;Store&gt;</code> nested inside
+  your <code>&lt;Manager&gt;</code> element with the following attributes:
+  </p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">checkInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The interval (in seconds) between checks for expired sessions
+      among those sessions that are currently swapped out.  By default,
+      this interval is set to 60 seconds (one minute).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+      implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Store</code> interface.  You
+      <strong>must</strong> specify
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.session.FileStore</code>
+      to use this implementation.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">directory</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Absolute or relative (to the temporary work directory for this web
+      application) pathname of the directory into which individual session
+      files are written.  If not specified, the temporary work directory
+      assigned by the container is utilized.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <h5>JDBC Based Store</h5>
+
+  <p>The <em>JDBC Based Store</em> implementation saves swapped out
+  sessions in individual rows of a preconfigured table in a database
+  that is accessed via a JDBC driver.  With large numbers of swapped out
+  sessions, this implementation will exhibit improved performance over
+  the File Based Store described above.</p>
+
+  <p>To configure this, add a <code>&lt;Store&gt;</code> nested inside
+  your <code>&lt;Manager&gt;</code> element with the following attributes:
+  </p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">checkInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The interval (in seconds) between checks for expired sessions
+      among those sessions that are currently swapped out.  By default,
+      this interval is set to 60 seconds (one minute).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+      implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Store</code> interface.  You
+      <strong>must</strong> specify
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.session.JDBCStore</code>
+      to use this implementation.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">connectionURL</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The connection URL that will be handed to the configured JDBC
+      driver to establish a connection to the database containing our
+      session table.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">dataSourceName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the JNDI resource for a JDBC DataSource-factory. If this option
+      is given and a valid JDBC resource can be found, it will be used and any
+      direct configuration of a JDBC connection via <code>connectionURL</code>
+      and <code>driverName</code> will be ignored. Since this code uses prepared
+      statements, you might want to configure pooled prepared statements as
+      shown in <a href="../jndi-resources-howto.html">the JNDI resources
+      HOW-TO</a>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">driverName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Java class name of the JDBC driver to be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionAppCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified session
+      table, that contains the Engine, Host, and Web Application Context
+      name in the format <code>/Engine/Host/Context</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionDataCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+      session table, that contains the serialized form of all session
+      attributes for a swapped out session.  The column type must accept
+      a binary object (typically called a BLOB).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionIdCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+      session table, that contains the session identifier of the
+      swapped out session.  The column type must accept character
+      string data of at least as many characters as are contained
+      in session identifiers created by Tomcat (typically 32).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionLastAccessedCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+      session table, that contains the <code>lastAccessedTime</code>
+      property of this session.  The column type must accept a
+      Java <code>long</code> (64 bits).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionMaxInactiveCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+      session table, that contains the <code>maxInactiveInterval</code>
+      property of this session.  The column type must accept a
+      Java <code>integer</code> (32 bits).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionTable</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the database table to be used for storing swapped out
+      sessions.  This table must contain (at least) the database columns
+      that are configured by the other attributes of this element.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">sessionValidCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Name of the database column, contained in the specified
+      session table, that contains a flag indicating whether this
+      swapped out session is still valid or not.  The column type
+      must accept a single character.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  <p>Before attempting to use the JDBC Based Store for the first time,
+  you must create the table that will be used to store swapped out sessions.
+  Detailed SQL commands vary depending on the database you are using, but
+  a script like this will generally be required:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+create table tomcat_sessions (
+  session_id     varchar(100) not null primary key,
+  valid_session  char(1) not null,
+  max_inactive   int not null,
+  last_access    bigint not null,
+  app_name       varchar(255),
+  session_data   mediumblob,
+  KEY kapp_name(app_name)
+);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <p>In order for the JDBC Based Store to successfully connect to your
+  database, the JDBC driver you configure must be visible to Tomcat's
+  internal class loader.  Generally, that means you must place the JAR
+  file containing this driver into the <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>
+  directory.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Persistence Across Restarts"><!--()--></a><a name="Persistence_Across_Restarts"><strong>Persistence Across Restarts</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Whenever Apache Tomcat is shut down normally and restarted, or when an
+    application reload is triggered, the standard Manager implementation
+    will attempt to serialize all currently active sessions to a disk
+    file located via the <code>pathname</code> attribute.  All such saved
+    sessions will then be deserialized and activated (assuming they have
+    not expired in the mean time) when the application reload is completed.</p>
+
+    <p>In order to successfully restore the state of session attributes,
+    all such attributes MUST implement the <code>java.io.Serializable</code>
+    interface.  You MAY cause the Manager to enforce this restriction by
+    including the <code>&lt;distributable&gt;</code> element in your web
+    application deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>).</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Disable Session Persistence"><!--()--></a><a name="Disable_Session_Persistence"><strong>Disable Session Persistence</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>As documented above, every web application by default has
+    standard manager implementation configured, and it performs session
+    persistence across restarts. To disable this persistence feature, create
+    a <a href="context.html">Context</a> configuration file for your web
+    application and add the following element there:</p>
+
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>&lt;Manager pathname="" /&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Realm Component</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Realm Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#JDBC_Database_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm">JDBC Database Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm</a></li><li><a href="#DataSource_Database_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.DataSourceRealm">DataSource Database Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.DataSourceRealm</a></li><li><a href="#JNDI_Directory_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm">JNDI Directory Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm</a></li><li><a href="#UserDatabase_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm">UserDatabase Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm</a></li><li><a href="#Memory_Based_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm">Memory Based Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm</a></li><li><a href="#JAAS_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm">JAAS Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm</a></li><li><a href="#Combined_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.CombinedRealm">Combined Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.CombinedRealm</a></li><li><a href="#LockOut_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">LockOut Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <strong>Realm</strong> element represents a "database" of usernames,
+  passwords, and <em>roles</em> (similar to Unix <em>groups</em>) assigned
+  to those users.  Different implementations of Realm allow Catalina to be
+  integrated into environments where such authentication information is already
+  being created and maintained, and then utilize that information to implement
+  <em>Container Managed Security</em> as described in the Servlet
+  Specification.</p>
+
+  <p>You may nest a Realm inside any Catalina container
+  <a href="engine.html">Engine</a>, <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or
+  <a href="context.html">Context</a>).  In addition, Realms associated with
+  an Engine or a Host are automatically inherited by lower-level
+  containers, unless explicitly overridden.</p>
+
+  <p>For more in-depth information about container managed security in web
+  applications, as well as more information on configuring and using the
+  standard realm component implementations, please see the
+  <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security Guide</a>.
+  </p>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Realm</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code> interface.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>Unlike most Catalina components, there are several standard
+    <strong>Realm</strong> implementations available.  As a result,
+    the <code>className</code> attribute MUST be used to select the
+    implementation you wish to use.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JDBC Database Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="JDBC_Database_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm"><strong>JDBC Database Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>JDBC Database Realm</strong> connects Tomcat to
+    a relational database, accessed through an appropriate JDBC driver,
+    to perform lookups of usernames, passwords, and their associated
+    roles.  Because the lookup is done each time that it is required,
+    changes to the database will be immediately reflected in the
+    information used to authenticate new logins.</p>
+
+    <p>A rich set of additional attributes lets you configure the required
+    connection to the underlying database, as well as the table and
+    column names used to retrieve the required information:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allRolesMode</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute controls how the special role name <code>*</code> is
+        handled when processing authorization constraints in web.xml. By
+        default, the specification compliant value of <code>strict</code> is
+        used which means that the user must be assigned one of the roles defined
+        in web.xml. The alternative values are <code>authOnly</code> which means
+        that the user must be authenticated but no check is made for assigned
+        roles and <code>strictAuthOnly</code> which means that the user must be
+        authenticated and no check will be made for assigned roles unless roles
+        are defined in web.xml in which case the user must be assigned at least
+        one of those roles.</p>
+        <p>When this attribute has the value of <code>authOnly</code> or
+        <code>strictAuthOnly</code>, the <strong>roleNameCol</strong> and
+        <strong>userRoleTable</strong> attributes become optional. If those two
+        attributes are omitted, the user's roles will not be loaded by this
+        Realm.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">connectionName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The database username to use when establishing the JDBC
+        connection.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">connectionPassword</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The database password to use when establishing the JDBC
+        connection.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">connectionURL</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The connection URL to be passed to the JDBC driver when
+        establishing a database connection.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">digest</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the <code>MessageDigest</code> algorithm used
+        to encode user passwords stored in the database.  If not specified,
+        user passwords are assumed to be stored in clear-text.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">digestEncoding</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The charset for encoding digests.  If not specified, the platform
+        default will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">driverName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Fully qualified Java class name of the JDBC driver to be
+        used to connect to the authentication database.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleNameCol</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the column, in the "user roles" table, which contains
+        a role name assigned to the corresponding user.</p>
+        <p>This attribute is <strong>required</strong> in majority of
+        configurations. See <strong>allRolesMode</strong> attribute for
+        a rare case when it can be omitted.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">stripRealmForGss</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When processing users authenticated via the GSS-API, this attribute
+        controls if any "@..." is removed from the end of the user
+        name. If not specified, the default is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">userCredCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the column, in the "users" table, which contains
+        the user's credentials (i.e. password).  If a value for the
+        <code>digest</code> attribute is specified, this component
+        will assume that the passwords have been encoded with the
+        specified algorithm.  Otherwise, they will be assumed to be
+        in clear text.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">userNameCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the column, in the "users" and "user roles" table,
+        that contains the user's username.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userRoleTable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the "user roles" table, which must contain columns
+        named by the <code>userNameCol</code> and <code>roleNameCol</code>
+        attributes.</p>
+        <p>This attribute is <strong>required</strong> in majority of
+        configurations. See <strong>allRolesMode</strong> attribute for
+        a rare case when it can be omitted.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">userTable</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the "users" table, which must contain columns named
+        by the <code>userNameCol</code> and <code>userCredCol</code>
+        attributes.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">X509UsernameRetrieverClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When using X509 client certificates, this specifies the class name
+        that will be used to retrieve the user name from the certificate.
+        The class must implement the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.X509UsernameRetriever</code>
+        interface. The default is to use the certificate's SubjectDN
+        as the username.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security Guide</a> for more
+    information on setting up container managed security using the
+    JDBC Database Realm component.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="DataSource Database Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.DataSourceRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="DataSource_Database_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.DataSourceRealm"><strong>DataSource Database Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.DataSourceRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>DataSource Database Realm</strong> connects Tomcat to
+    a relational database, accessed through a JNDI named JDBC DataSource
+    to perform lookups of usernames, passwords, and their associated
+    roles.  Because the lookup is done each time that it is required,
+    changes to the database will be immediately reflected in the
+    information used to authenticate new logins.</p>
+
+    <p>The JDBC Realm uses a single db connection. This requires that
+    realm based authentication be synchronized, i.e. only one authentication
+    can be done at a time. This could be a bottleneck for applications
+    with high volumes of realm based authentications.</p>
+
+    <p>The DataSource Database Realm supports simultaneous realm based
+    authentications and allows the underlying JDBC DataSource to
+    handle optimizations like database connection pooling.</p>
+
+    <p>A rich set of additional attributes lets you configure the name
+    of the JNDI JDBC DataSource, as well as the table and
+    column names used to retrieve the required information:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allRolesMode</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute controls how the special role name <code>*</code> is
+        handled when processing authorization constraints in web.xml. By
+        default, the specification compliant value of <code>strict</code> is
+        used which means that the user must be assigned one of the roles defined
+        in web.xml. The alternative values are <code>authOnly</code> which means
+        that the user must be authenticated but no check is made for assigned
+        roles and <code>strictAuthOnly</code> which means that the user must be
+        authenticated and no check will be made for assigned roles unless roles
+        are defined in web.xml in which case the user must be assigned at least
+        one of those roles.</p>
+        <p>When this attribute has the value of <code>authOnly</code> or
+        <code>strictAuthOnly</code>, the <strong>roleNameCol</strong> and
+        <strong>userRoleTable</strong> attributes become optional. If those two
+        attributes are omitted, the user's roles will not be loaded by this
+        Realm.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">dataSourceName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the JNDI JDBC DataSource for this Realm.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">digest</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the <code>MessageDigest</code> algorithm used
+        to encode user passwords stored in the database.  If not specified,
+        user passwords are assumed to be stored in clear-text.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">localDataSource</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When the realm is nested inside a Context element, this allows the
+        realm to use a DataSource defined for the Context rather than a global
+        DataSource.  If not specified, the default is <code>false</code>: use a
+        global DataSource.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleNameCol</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the column, in the "user roles" table, which contains
+        a role name assigned to the corresponding user.</p>
+        <p>This attribute is <strong>required</strong> in majority of
+        configurations. See <strong>allRolesMode</strong> attribute for
+        a rare case when it can be omitted.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">stripRealmForGss</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When processing users authenticated via the GSS-API, this attribute
+        controls if any "@..." is removed from the end of the user
+        name. If not specified, the default is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">userCredCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the column, in the "users" table, which contains
+        the user's credentials (i.e. password).  If a value for the
+        <code>digest</code> attribute is specified, this component
+        will assume that the passwords have been encoded with the
+        specified algorithm.  Otherwise, they will be assumed to be
+        in clear text.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">userNameCol</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the column, in the "users" and "user roles" table,
+        that contains the user's username.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userRoleTable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the "user roles" table, which must contain columns
+        named by the <code>userNameCol</code> and <code>roleNameCol</code>
+        attributes.</p>
+        <p>This attribute is <strong>required</strong> in majority of
+        configurations. See <strong>allRolesMode</strong> attribute for
+        a rare case when it can be omitted.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">userTable</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the "users" table, which must contain columns named
+        by the <code>userNameCol</code> and <code>userCredCol</code>
+        attributes.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">X509UsernameRetrieverClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When using X509 client certificates, this specifies the class name
+        that will be used to retrieve the user name from the certificate.
+        The class must implement the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.X509UsernameRetriever</code>
+        interface. The default is to use the certificate's SubjectDN
+        as the username.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="../realm-howto.html#DataSourceRealm">
+    DataSource Realm HOW-TO</a> for more information on setting up container
+    managed security using the DataSource Database Realm component.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JNDI Directory Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="JNDI_Directory_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm"><strong>JNDI Directory Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>JNDI Directory Realm</strong> connects Tomcat to
+    an LDAP Directory, accessed through an appropriate JNDI driver,
+    that stores usernames, passwords, and their associated
+    roles. Changes to the directory are immediately reflected in the
+    information used to authenticate new logins.</p>
+
+
+    <p>The directory realm supports a variety of approaches to using
+    LDAP for authentication:</p>
+
+    <ul>
+    <li>The realm can either use a pattern to determine the
+    distinguished name (DN) of the user's directory entry, or search
+    the directory to locate that entry.
+    </li>
+
+    <li>The realm can authenticate the user either by binding to the
+    directory with the DN of the user's entry and the password
+    presented by the user, or by retrieving the password from the
+    user's entry and performing a comparison locally.
+    </li>
+
+    <li>Roles may be represented in the directory as explicit entries
+    found by a directory search (e.g. group entries of which the user
+    is a member), as the values of an attribute in the user's entry,
+    or both.
+    </li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p> A rich set of additional attributes lets you configure the
+    required behaviour as well as the connection to the underlying
+    directory and the element and attribute names used to retrieve
+    information from the directory:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">adCompat</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Microsoft Active Directory often returns referrals.
+        When iterating over NamingEnumerations these lead to
+        PartialResultExceptions. If you want us to ignore those exceptions,
+        set this attribute to "true". Unfortunately there's no stable way
+        to detect, if the Exceptions really come from an AD referral.
+        The default value is "false".</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allRolesMode</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute controls how the special role name <code>*</code> is
+        handled when processing authorization constraints in web.xml. By
+        default, the specification compliant value of <code>strict</code> is
+        used which means that the user must be assigned one of the roles defined
+        in web.xml. The alternative values are <code>authOnly</code> which means
+        that the user must be authenticated but no check is made for assigned
+        roles and <code>strictAuthOnly</code> which means that the user must be
+        authenticated and no check will be made for assigned roles unless roles
+        are defined in web.xml in which case the user must be assigned at least
+        one of those roles.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">alternateURL</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If a socket connection can not be made to the provider at
+        the <code>connectionURL</code> an attempt will be made to use the
+        <code>alternateURL</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">authentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A string specifying the type of authentication to use.
+        "none", "simple", "strong" or a provider specific definition
+        can be used. If no value is given the providers default is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">commonRole</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A role name assigned to each successfully authenticated user in
+        addition to the roles retrieved from LDAP. If not specified, only
+        the roles retrieved via LDAP are used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The directory username to use when establishing a
+        connection to the directory for LDAP search operations. If not
+        specified an anonymous connection is made, which is often
+        sufficient unless you specify the <code>userPassword</code>
+        property.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionPassword</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The directory password to use when establishing a
+        connection to the directory for LDAP search operations. If not
+        specified an anonymous connection is made, which is often
+        sufficient unless you specify the <code>userPassword</code>
+        property.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The timeout in milliseconds to use when establishing the connection
+        to the LDAP directory. If not specified, a value of 5000 (5 seconds) is
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">connectionURL</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The connection URL to be passed to the JNDI driver when
+        establishing a connection to the directory.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">contextFactory</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Fully qualified Java class name of the factory class used
+        to acquire our JNDI <code>InitialContext</code>.  By default,
+        assumes that the standard JNDI LDAP provider will be utilized.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">derefAliases</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A string specifying how aliases are to be dereferenced during
+        search operations. The allowed values are "always", "never",
+        "finding" and "searching". If not specified, "always" is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">digest</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The digest algorithm to apply to the plaintext password offered
+        by the user before comparing it with the value retrieved from the
+        directory.  Valid values are those accepted for the algorithm name
+        by the <code>java.security.MessageDigest</code> class. If not
+        specified the plaintext password is assumed to be retrieved. Not
+        required unless <code>userPassword</code> is specified</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocol</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+         <p>A string specifying the security protocol to use. If not given
+         the providers default is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">referrals</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>How do we handle JNDI referrals? Allowed values are
+        "ignore", "follow", or "throw"  (see javax.naming.Context.REFERRAL
+        for more information).
+        Microsoft Active Directory often returns referrals.
+        If you need to follow them set referrals to "follow".
+        Caution: if your DNS is not part of AD, the LDAP client lib might try
+        to resolve your domain name in DNS to find another LDAP server.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleBase</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The base directory entry for performing role searches. If not
+        specified the top-level element in the directory context will be used.
+        If specified it may optionally include pattern replacements
+        "{0}".."{n}" corresponding to the name parts of the
+        user's distinguished name (as returned by
+        <code>javax.naming.Name.get()</code>).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the attribute that contains role names in the
+        directory entries found by a role search. In addition you can
+        use the <code>userRoleName</code> property to specify the name
+        of an attribute, in the user's entry, containing additional
+        role names.</p>
+        <p>If <code>roleName</code> is not specified a role
+        search does not take place, and roles are taken only from the
+        user's entry.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleNested</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want to nest roles into roles.
+        When a role search is performed and the value of this property is
+        <code>true</code>, the search will be repeated recursively to find
+        all the roles that belong to the user either directly or indirectly.
+        If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleSearch</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The LDAP filter expression used for performing role
+        searches.</p>
+
+        <p>Use <code>{0}</code> to substitute the distinguished name (DN)
+        of the user, and/or <code>{1}</code> to substitute the username,
+        and/or <code>{2}</code> for the value of an attribute from the
+        user's directory entry, of the authenticated user.
+        The name of the attribute that provides the value for <code>{2}</code>
+        is configured by the <code>userRoleAttribute</code> property.</p>
+
+        <p>When <code>roleNested</code> property is <code>true</code>,
+        this filter expression will be also used to recursively search for
+        other roles, which indirectly belong to this user. To find the
+        roles that match the newly found role, the following values
+        are used:
+        <code>{0}</code> is substituted by the distinguished name of the newly
+        found role, and both <code>{1}</code> and <code>{2}</code> are
+        substituted by the name of the role (see the <code>roleName</code>
+        property). The <code>userRoleAttribute</code> property is not
+        applicable to this search.</p>
+
+        <p>If this property is not specified, a role search does not take
+        place and roles are taken only from the attribute in the user's entry
+        specified by the <code>userRoleName</code> property.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleSearchAsUser</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p> When searching for user roles, should the search be performed as the
+        user currently being authenticated? If false,
+        <code>connectionName</code> and <code>connectionPassword</code> will be
+        used if specified, else an anonymous. If not specified, the default
+        value of <code>false</code> is used. Note that when accessing the
+        directory using delegated credentials, this attribute is always ignored
+        and the search is performed using the delegated credentials.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleSubtree</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want to search the entire
+        subtree of the element specified by the <code>roleBase</code>
+        property for role entries associated with the user. The
+        default value of <code>false</code> causes only the top level
+        to be searched.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sizeLimit</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specifies the maximum number of records to return when using the
+        <code>userSearch</code> attribute. If not specified, the default of
+        <code>0</code> is used which indicates no limit.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">stripRealmForGss</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When processing users authenticated via the GSS-API, this attribute
+        controls if any "@..." is removed from the end of the user
+        name. If not specified, the default is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">timeLimit</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Specifies the time (in milliseconds) to wait for records to be
+        returned when using the <code>userSearch</code> attribute. If not
+        specified, the default of <code>0</code> is used which indicates no
+        limit.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useDelegatedCredential</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When the JNIRealm is used with the SPNEGO authenticator, delegated
+        credentials for the user may be available. If such credentials are
+        present, this attribute controls whether are not they are used to
+        connect to the directory. If not specified, the default value of
+        <code>true</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userBase</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The base element for user searches performed using the
+        <code>userSearch</code> expression.  Not used if you are using
+        the <code>userPattern</code> expression.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userPassword</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the attribute in the user's entry containing the
+        user's password.  If you specify this value, JNDIRealm will
+        bind to the directory using the values specified by
+        <code>connectionName</code> and
+        <code>connectionPassword</code> properties, and retrieve the
+        corresponding attribute for comparison to the value specified
+        by the user being authenticated.  If you do
+        <strong>not</strong> specify this value, JNDIRealm will
+        attempt a simple bind to the directory using the DN of the
+        user's entry and the password presented by the user, with a
+        successful bind being interpreted as an authenticated
+        user.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userPattern</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Pattern for the distinguished name (DN) of the user's
+        directory entry, with <code>{0}</code> marking where the
+        actual username should be inserted. You can use this property
+        instead of <code>userSearch</code>, <code>userSubtree</code>
+        and <code>userBase</code> when the distinguished name contains
+        the username and is otherwise the same for all users. Note that
+        when accessing the directory using delegated credentials, this
+        attribute is always ignored and <code>userSearch</code>,
+        <code>userSubtree</code> and <code>userBase</code> are always
+        used instead.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userRoleName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of an attribute in the user's directory entry
+        containing zero or more values for the names of roles assigned
+        to this user.  In addition you can use the
+        <code>roleName</code> property to specify the name of an
+        attribute to be retrieved from individual role entries found
+        by searching the directory. If <code>userRoleName</code> is
+        not specified all the roles for a user derive from the role
+        search.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userRoleAttribute</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of an attribute in the user's directory entry
+        containing the value that you wish to use when you search for
+        roles. This is especially useful for RFC 2307 where
+        the role memberUid can be the <code>uid</code> or the
+        <code>uidNumber</code> of the user. This value will be
+        marked as <code>{2}</code> in your role search filter expression.
+        This value will NOT be available for nested role searches.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userSearch</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The LDAP filter expression to use when searching for a
+        user's directory entry, with <code>{0}</code> marking where
+        the actual username should be inserted.  Use this property
+        (along with the <code>userBase</code> and
+        <code>userSubtree</code> properties) instead of
+        <code>userPattern</code> to search the directory for the
+        user's entry.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">userSubtree</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want to search the entire
+        subtree of the element specified by the <code>userBase</code>
+        property for the user's entry. The default value of
+        <code>false</code> causes only the top level to be searched.
+        Not used if you are using the <code>userPattern</code>
+        expression.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">X509UsernameRetrieverClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When using X509 client certificates, this specifies the class name
+        that will be used to retrieve the user name from the certificate.
+        The class must implement the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.X509UsernameRetriever</code>
+        interface. The default is to use the certificate's SubjectDN
+        as the username.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security Guide</a> for more
+    information on setting up container managed security using the
+    JNDI Directory Realm component.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="UserDatabase Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="UserDatabase_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"><strong>UserDatabase Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>UserDatabase Realm</strong> is a Realm implementation
+    that is based on a UserDatabase resource made available through the global
+    JNDI resources configured for this Tomcat instance.</p>
+
+    <p>The UserDatabase Realm implementation supports the following
+    additional attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allRolesMode</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute controls how the special role name <code>*</code> is
+        handled when processing authorization constraints in web.xml. By
+        default, the specification compliant value of <code>strict</code> is
+        used which means that the user must be assigned one of the roles defined
+        in web.xml. The alternative values are <code>authOnly</code> which means
+        that the user must be authenticated but no check is made for assigned
+        roles and <code>strictAuthOnly</code> which means that the user must be
+        authenticated and no check will be made for assigned roles unless roles
+        are defined in web.xml in which case the user must be assigned at least
+        one of those roles.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">resourceName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the global <code>UserDatabase</code> resource
+        that this realm will use for user, password and role information.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">X509UsernameRetrieverClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When using X509 client certificates, this specifies the class name
+        that will be used to retrieve the user name from the certificate.
+        The class must implement the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.X509UsernameRetriever</code>
+        interface. The default is to use the certificate's SubjectDN
+        as the username.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>See the
+    <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security Guide</a> for more
+    information on setting up container managed security using the UserDatabase
+    Realm component and the
+    <a href="../jndi-resources-howto.html">JNDI resources how-to</a> for more
+    information on how to configure a UserDatabase resource.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Memory Based Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="Memory_Based_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm"><strong>Memory Based Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Memory Based Realm</strong> is a simple Realm implementation
+    that reads user information from an XML format, and represents it as a
+    collection of Java objects in memory.  This implementation is intended
+    solely to get up and running with container managed security - it is NOT
+    intended for production use.  As such, there are no mechanisms for
+    updating the in-memory collection of users when the content of the
+    underlying data file is changed.</p>
+
+    <p>The Memory Based Realm implementation supports the following
+    additional attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allRolesMode</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute controls how the special role name <code>*</code> is
+        handled when processing authorization constraints in web.xml. By
+        default, the specification compliant value of <code>strict</code> is
+        used which means that the user must be assigned one of the roles defined
+        in web.xml. The alternative values are <code>authOnly</code> which means
+        that the user must be authenticated but no check is made for assigned
+        roles and <code>strictAuthOnly</code> which means that the user must be
+        authenticated and no check will be made for assigned roles unless roles
+        are defined in web.xml in which case the user must be assigned at least
+        one of those roles.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">digest</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The digest algorithm used to store passwords in non-plaintext
+        formats. Valid values are those accepted for the algorithm name by the
+        <code>java.security.MessageDigest</code> class. If not specified,
+        passwords are stored in clear text.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pathname</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Absolute or relative (to $CATALINA_BASE) pathname to the XML file
+        containing our user information.  See below for details on the
+        XML element format required.  If no pathname is specified, the
+        default value is <code>conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">stripRealmForGss</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When processing users authenticated via the GSS-API, this attribute
+        controls if any "@..." is removed from the end of the user
+        name. If not specified, the default is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">X509UsernameRetrieverClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When using X509 client certificates, this specifies the class name
+        that will be used to retrieve the user name from the certificate.
+        The class must implement the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.X509UsernameRetriever</code>
+        interface. The default is to use the certificate's SubjectDN
+        as the username.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>The XML document referenced by the <code>pathname</code> attribute must
+    conform to the following requirements:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The root (outer) element must be <code>&lt;tomcat-users&gt;</code>.
+        </li>
+    <li>Each authorized user must be represented by a single XML element
+        <code>&lt;user&gt;</code>, nested inside the root element.</li>
+    <li>Each <code>&lt;user&gt;</code> element must have the following
+        attributes:
+        <ul>
+        <li><strong>name</strong> - Username of this user (must be unique
+            within this file).</li>
+        <li><strong>password</strong> - Password of this user (in
+            clear text).</li>
+        <li><strong>roles</strong> - Comma-delimited list of the role names
+            assigned to this user.</li>
+        </ul></li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security Guide</a> for more
+    information on setting up container managed security using the
+    Memory Based Realm component.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JAAS Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="JAAS_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm"><strong>JAAS Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p><strong>JAASRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+    <code>Realm</code> interface that authenticates users through the Java
+    Authentication &amp; Authorization Service (JAAS) framework which is now
+    provided as part of the standard J2SE API.</p>
+
+    <p>Using JAASRealm gives the developer the ability to combine practically
+    any conceivable security realm with Tomcat's CMA.</p>
+
+    <p>JAASRealm is prototype for Tomcat of the JAAS-based J2EE authentication
+    framework for J2EE v1.4, based on the <a href="http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=196">JCP Specification Request
+    196</a> to enhance container-managed security and promote 'pluggable'
+    authentication mechanisms whose implementations would be
+    container-independent.</p>
+
+    <p>Based on the JAAS login module and principal
+    (see <code>javax.security.auth.spi.LoginModule</code> and
+    <code>javax.security.Principal</code>), you can develop your own security
+    mechanism or wrap another third-party mechanism for integration with the CMA
+    as implemented by Tomcat.</p>
+
+    <p>The JAAS Realm implementation supports the following additional
+    attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allRolesMode</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute controls how the special role name <code>*</code> is
+        handled when processing authorization constraints in web.xml. By
+        default, the specification compliant value of <code>strict</code> is
+        used which means that the user must be assigned one of the roles defined
+        in web.xml. The alternative values are <code>authOnly</code> which means
+        that the user must be authenticated but no check is made for assigned
+        roles and <code>strictAuthOnly</code> which means that the user must be
+        authenticated and no check will be made for assigned roles unless roles
+        are defined in web.xml in which case the user must be assigned at least
+        one of those roles.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">appName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>The name of the application as configured in your login configuration
+       file
+       (<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/guide/security/jaas/tutorials/LoginConfigFile.html">JAAS LoginConfig</a>).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">userClassNames</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A comma-separated list of the names of the classes that you have made
+        for your user <code>Principals</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">configFile</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of a JAAS configuration file to use with this Realm. It will
+        be searched for using <code>ClassLoader#getResource(String)</code> so it
+        is possible for the configuration to be bundled within a web
+        application. If not specified, the default JVM global JAAS configuration
+        willbe used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">roleClassNames</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A comma-separated list of the names of the classes that you have made
+        for your role <code>Principals</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">stripRealmForGss</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When processing users authenticated via the GSS-API, this attribute
+        controls if any "@..." is removed from the end of the user
+        name. If not specified, the default is <code>true</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useContextClassLoader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Instructs JAASRealm to use the context class loader for loading the
+        user-specified <code>LoginModule</code> class and associated
+        <code>Principal</code> classes. The default value is <code>true</code>,
+        which is backwards-compatible with the way Tomcat 5 works. To load
+        classes using the container's classloader, specify
+        <code>false</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">X509UsernameRetrieverClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>When using X509 client certificates, this specifies the class name
+        that will be used to retrieve the user name from the certificate.
+        The class must implement the
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.X509UsernameRetriever</code>
+        interface. The default is to use the certificate's SubjectDN
+        as the username.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security
+    Guide</a> for more information on setting up container managed security
+    using the JAAS Realm component.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Combined Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.CombinedRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="Combined_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.CombinedRealm"><strong>Combined Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.CombinedRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p><strong>CombinedRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+    <code>Realm</code> interface that authenticates users through one or more
+    sub-Realms.</p>
+
+    <p>Using CombinedRealm gives the developer the ability to combine multiple
+    Realms of the same or different types. This can be used to authenticate
+    against different sources, provide fall back in case one Realm fails or for
+    any other purpose that requires multiple Realms.</p>
+
+    <p>Sub-realms are defined by nesting <code>Realm</code> elements inside the
+    <code>Realm</code> element that defines the CombinedRealm. Authentication
+    will be attempted against each <code>Realm</code> in the order they are
+    listed. Authentication against any Realm will be sufficient to authenticate
+    the user.</p>
+
+    <p>The CombinedRealm implementation does not support any additional
+    attributes.</p>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security
+    Guide</a> for more information on setting up container managed security
+    using the CombinedRealm component.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="LockOut Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"><!--()--></a><a name="LockOut_Realm_-_org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"><strong>LockOut Realm - org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p><strong>LockOutRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+    <code>Realm</code> interface that extends the CombinedRealm to provide lock
+    out functionality to provide a user lock out mechanism if there are too many
+    failed authentication attempts in a given period of time.</p>
+
+    <p>To ensure correct operation, there is a reasonable degree of
+    synchronization in this Realm.</p>
+
+    <p>This Realm does not require modification to the underlying Realms or the
+    associated user storage mechanisms. It achieves this by recording all failed
+    logins, including those for users that do not exist. To prevent a DOS by
+    deliberating making requests with invalid users (and hence causing this
+    cache to grow) the size of the list of users that have failed authentication
+    is limited.</p>
+
+    <p>Sub-realms are defined by nesting <code>Realm</code> elements inside the
+    <code>Realm</code> element that defines the LockOutRealm. Authentication
+    will be attempted against each <code>Realm</code> in the order they are
+    listed. Authentication against any Realm will be sufficient to authenticate
+    the user.</p>
+
+    <p>The LockOutRealm implementation supports the following additional
+    attributes.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cacheRemovalWarningTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>If a failed user is removed from the cache because the cache is too
+       big before it has been in the cache for at least this period of time (in
+       seconds) a warning message will be logged. Defaults to 3600 (1 hour).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cacheSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>Number of users that have failed authentication to keep in cache. Over
+       time the cache will grow to this size and may not shrink. Defaults to
+       1000.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">failureCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>The number of times in a row a user has to fail authentication to be
+       locked out. Defaults to 5.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">lockOutTime</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+       <p>The time (in seconds) a user is locked out for after too many
+       authentication failures. Defaults to 300 (5 minutes).</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="../realm-howto.html">Container-Managed Security
+    Guide</a> for more information on setting up container managed security
+    using the LockOutRealm component.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <h3>CombinedRealm Implementation</h3>
+
+  <p>If you are using the <em>CombinedRealm Implementation</em> or a Realm
+  that extends the CombinedRealm, e.g. the LockOutRealm,
+  <strong>&lt;Realm&gt;</strong> elements may be nested inside it.</p>
+
+  <h3>Other Realm Implementations</h3>
+
+  <p>No other Realm implementation supports nested components.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>See <a href="host.html">Single Sign On</a> for information about
+  configuring Single Sign On support for a virtual host.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
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+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Resources Component</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Resources Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li><li><a href="#VirtualDirContext_implementation">VirtualDirContext implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>Resources</strong> element represents the <em>web
+  application static resources</em>, from which classes will be loaded,
+  HTML, JSP and the other static files will be served. This allows the webapp
+  to reside on various mediums other than the filesystem, like compressed
+  in a WAR file, in a JDBC database, or in a more advanced versioning
+  repository.</p>
+
+  <p>A unified caching engine is provided for all accesses to the webapp
+  resources made by the servlet container and web applications which use the
+  container provided mechanisms to access such resources, such as classloader
+  access, access through the <code>ServletContext</code> interface, or native
+  access through the <code>DirectoryContext</code> interface.</p>
+
+  <p><strong>Note: Running a webapp with non-filesystem based
+  Resources implementations is only possible when the webapp does not
+  rely on direct filesystem access to its own resources, and uses the methods
+  in the ServletContext interface to access them.</strong></p>
+
+  <p>A Resources element MAY be nested inside a
+  <a href="context.html">Context</a> component.  If it is not included,
+  a default filesystem based Resources will be created automatically,
+  which is sufficient for most requirements.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>All implementations of <strong>Resources</strong>
+    support the following attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+        implement the <code>javax.naming.directory.DirContext</code> interface.
+        It is recommended for optimal functionality and performance,
+        but not mandatory, that the class extend
+        <code>org.apache.naming.resources.BaseDirContext</code>, as well as
+        use the special object types provided in the
+        <code>org.apache.naming.resources</code> for returned objects.
+        If not specified, the standard value (defined below) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Resources</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.naming.resources.FileDirContext</strong>, and
+    is configured by its parent Context element.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="VirtualDirContext implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="VirtualDirContext_implementation"><strong>VirtualDirContext implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>This implementation of <strong>Resources</strong> is
+    <strong>org.apache.naming.resources.VirtualDirContext</strong> and is aimed to be used
+    during development to deploy a webapp without copying files to a webapp compliant
+    directory structure.
+    It extends <code>FileDirContext</code> and supports the following
+    additional attributes</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">extraResourcePaths</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Allows to map a path of the filesystem to a path in the webapp. Multiple
+        filesystem paths can be mapped to the same path in the webapp. Filesystem
+        path and virtual path must be separated by an equal signe (=). Pairs of paths
+        must be separated by a column.</p>
+        Example: <code>/=/Users/jdoe/mywebapp/src/main/webapp,/=/Users/jdoe/mywebapp/src/main/webapp2,/pictures=/Users/jdoe/sharedpictures</code>
+        <p>The path to the docBase (as declared in the Context) must not be added here.</p>
+        <p>This attribute enhances the feature provided by the <code>aliases</code>
+        attribute of the <strong>StandardContext</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>No components may be nested inside a <strong>Resources</strong> element.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>No special features are associated with a <strong>Resources</strong>
+  element.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/resources.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/server.html b/webapps/docs/config/server.html
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+++ b/webapps/docs/config/server.html
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Server Component</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Server Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <strong>Server</strong> element represents the entire Catalina
+  servlet container.  Therefore, it must be the single outermost element
+  in the <code>conf/server.xml</code> configuration file.  Its attributes
+  represent the characteristics of the servlet container as a whole.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>All implementations of <strong>Server</strong>
+  support the following attributes:</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+      implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Server</code> interface.
+      If no class name is specified, the standard implementation will
+      be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">address</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The TCP/IP address on which this server waits for a shutdown
+      command. If no address is specified, <code>localhost</code> is used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">port</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The TCP/IP port number on which this server waits for a shutdown
+      command. Set to <code>-1</code> to disable the shutdown port.</p>
+      <p>Note: Disabling the shutdown port works well when Tomcat is started
+      using <a href="http://commons.apache.org/daemon/">Apache Commons Daemon</a>
+      (running as a service on Windows or with jsvc on un*xes). It cannot be
+      used when running Tomcat with the standard shell scripts though, as it
+      will prevent shutdown.bat|.sh and catalina.bat|.sh from stopping it
+      gracefully.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">shutdown</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The command string that must be received via a TCP/IP connection
+      to the specified port number, in order to shut down Tomcat.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Server</strong> is
+  <strong>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer</strong>.
+  It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+  common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The following components may be nested inside a <strong>Server</strong>
+  element:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><a href="service.html"><strong>Service</strong></a> -
+      One or more service element.</li>
+  <li><a href="globalresources.html"><strong>GlobalNamingResources</strong></a> -
+      Configure the JNDI global resources for the server.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>There are no special features associated with a <strong>Server</strong>.
+  </p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/server.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/config/service.html b/webapps/docs/config/service.html
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/config/service.html
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Service Component</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Service Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Standard_Implementation">Standard Implementation</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Nested_Components">Nested Components</a></li><li><a href="#Special_Features">Special Features</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <strong>Service</strong> element represents the combination of one or
+  more <strong>Connector</strong> components that share a single
+  <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> component for processing incoming
+  requests.  One or more <strong>Service</strong> elements may be nested
+  inside a <a href="server.html">Server</a> element.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>All implementations of <strong>Service</strong>
+  support the following attributes:</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">className</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This class must
+      implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Service</code> interface.
+      If no class name is specified, the standard implementation will
+      be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">name</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The display name of this <strong>Service</strong>, which will
+      be included in log messages if you utilize standard Catalina
+      components.  The name of each <strong>Service</strong> that is
+      associated with a particular <a href="server.html">Server</a>
+      must be unique.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Implementation"><strong>Standard Implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The standard implementation of <strong>Service</strong> is
+  <strong>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService</strong>.
+  It supports the following additional attributes (in addition to the
+  common attributes listed above):</p>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Nested Components"><!--()--></a><a name="Nested_Components"><strong>Nested Components</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The only components that may be nested inside a <strong>Service</strong>
+  element are one or more <strong>Connector</strong> elements,
+  followed by exactly one <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> element.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Special Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Special_Features"><strong>Special Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>There are no special features associated with a <strong>Service</strong>.
+  </p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
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+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/service.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - System Properties</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>System Properties</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Property_replacements">Property replacements</a></li><li><a href="#Clustering">Clustering</a></li><li><a href="#Expression_Language">Expression Language</a></li><li><a href="#Jasper">Jasper</a></li><li><a href="#Security">Security</a></li><li><a href="#Specification">Specification</a></li><li><a href="#Sessions">Sessions</a></li><li><a href="#Logging">Logging</a></li><li><a href="#JAR_Scanning">JAR Scanning</a></li><li><a href="#Other">Other</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>The following sections list the system properties that may be set to modify
+  the default Tomcat behaviour.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Property replacements"><!--()--></a><a name="Property_replacements"><strong>Property replacements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.digester. PROPERTY_SOURCE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Set this to a fully qualified name of a class that implements
+         <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.IntrospectionUtils.PropertySource</code>.
+         Required to have a public constructor with no arguments.</p>
+      <p>Use this to add a property source, that will be invoked when <code>${parameter}</code>
+         denoted parameters are found in the XML files that Tomcat parses.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Clustering"><strong>Clustering</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina. tribes.dns_lookups</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, the clustering module will attempt to use DNS to
+      resolve any host names provided in the cluster configuration.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Expression Language"><!--()--></a><a name="Expression_Language"><strong>Expression Language</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.el.BeanELResolver. CACHE_SIZE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of javax.el.BeanELResolver.BeanProperties objects that will
+      be cached by the EL Parser.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default of <code>1000</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.el.ExpressionBuilder. CACHE_SIZE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of parsed EL expressions that will be cached by the EL
+      Parser.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default of <code>5000</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.el.parser. COERCE_TO_ZERO</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, when coercing expressions to numbers
+      <code>""</code> and <code>null</code> will be coerced to zero as required
+      by the specification.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.el.parser. SKIP_IDENTIFIER_CHECK</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, when parsing expressions, identifiers will not be
+      checked to ensure that they conform to the Java Language Specification for
+      Java identifiers.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Jasper"><strong>Jasper</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.compiler. Generator.POOL_TAGS_WITH_EXTENDS</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>By default, JSPs that use their own base class via the extends
+      attribute of the page directive, will have Tag pooling disabled since
+      Jasper cannot guarantee that the necessary initialisation will have taken
+      place. This can have a negative impact on performance. Providing the
+      alternative base class calls _jspInit() from Servlet.init(), setting  this
+      property to <code>true</code> will enable pooling with an alternative base
+      class. If the alternative base class does not call _jspInit() and this
+      property is <code>true</code>, NPEs will occur when attempting to use
+      tags.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.compiler. Generator.STRICT_GET_PROPERTY</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, the requirement to have the object referenced in
+      <code>jsp:getProperty</code> action to be previously "introduced"
+      to the JSP processor, as specified in the chapter JSP.5.3 of JSP 2.0 and
+      later specifications, is enforced.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the specification compliant default of
+      <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.compiler. Generator.VAR_EXPRESSIONFACTORY</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the variable to use for the expression language expression
+      factory.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>_el_expressionfactory</code>
+      will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.compiler. Generator.VAR_INSTANCEMANAGER</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the variable to use for the instance manager factory.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>_jsp_instancemanager</code>
+      will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.compiler. Parser.STRICT_QUOTE_ESCAPING</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>false</code> the requirements for escaping quotes in JSP
+      attributes will be relaxed so that an unescaped quote will not
+      cause an error.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the specification compliant default of
+      <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.compiler. Parser.STRICT_WHITESPACE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>false</code> the requirements for whitespace before an
+      attribute name will be relaxed so that the lack of whitespace will not
+      cause an error.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the specification compliant default of
+      <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.runtime. BodyContentImpl.LIMIT_BUFFER</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, any tag buffer that expands beyond
+      <code>org.apache.jasper.Constants.DEFAULT_TAG_BUFFER_SIZE</code> will be
+      destroyed and a new buffer created of the default size.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.runtime. JspFactoryImpl.USE_POOL</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, a ThreadLocal <code>PageContext</code> pool will
+      be used.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.runtime. JspFactoryImpl.POOL_SIZE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The size of the ThreadLocal <code>PageContext</code>.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>8</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. JSP_SERVLET_BASE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The base class of the Servlets generated from the JSPs.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of
+      <code>org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. SERVICE_METHOD_NAME</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the service method called by the base class.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>_jspService</code>
+      will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. SERVLET_CLASSPATH</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the ServletContext attribute that provides the classpath
+      for the JSP.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.jsp_classpath</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. JSP_FILE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the request attribute for <code>&lt;jsp-file&gt;</code>
+      element of a servlet definition. If present on a request, this overrides
+      the value returned by <code>request.getServletPath()</code> to select the
+      JSP page to be executed.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.jsp_file</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. PRECOMPILE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The name of the query parameter that causes the JSP engine to just
+      pregenerate the servlet but not invoke it.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>jsp_precompile</code>
+      will be used, as defined by JSP specification (JSP.11.4.2).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. JSP_PACKAGE_NAME</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The default package name for compiled jsp pages.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>org.apache.jsp</code>
+      will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. TAG_FILE_PACKAGE_NAME</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The default package name for tag handlers generated from tag files.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>org.apache.jsp.tag</code>
+      will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. ALT_DD_ATTR</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The servlet context attribute under which the alternate deployment
+      descriptor for this web application is stored.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.alt_dd</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. TEMP_VARIABLE_NAME_PREFIX</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Prefix to use for generated temporary variable names.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>_jspx_temp</code>
+      will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.jasper.Constants. USE_INSTANCE_MANAGER_FOR_TAGS</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, the instance manager is used to obtain tag
+      handler instances.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Security"><strong>Security</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.connector. RECYCLE_FACADES</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> or if a security manager is in use a new
+      facade object will be created for each request.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.connector. CoyoteAdapter.ALLOW_BACKSLASH</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> the '\' character will be permitted as a
+      path delimiter.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.buf. UDecoder.ALLOW_ENCODED_SLASH</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> '%2F' and '%5C' will be permitted as path
+      delimiters.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Specification"><strong>Specification</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina. STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The default value of this system property is <code>false</code>.</p>
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> the default values will be changed for:
+      <ul>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.core.<br>ApplicationContext.GET_RESOURCE_REQUIRE_SLASH</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.core.<br>ApplicationDispatcher.WRAP_SAME_OBJECT</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.core.<br>StandardHostValve.ACCESS_SESSION</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.session.<br>StandardSession.ACTIVITY_CHECK</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.session.<br>StandardSession.LAST_ACCESS_AT_START</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.tomcat.util.http.<br>ServerCookie.ALWAYS_ADD_EXPIRES</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.tomcat.util.http.<br>ServerCookie.FWD_SLASH_IS_SEPARATOR</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.tomcat.util.http.<br>ServerCookie.STRICT_NAMING</code></li>
+      <li>The <code>resourceOnlyServlets</code> attribute of any
+          <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.</li>
+      <li>The <code>tldNamespaceAware</code> attribute of any
+          <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.</li>
+      <li>The <code>tldValidation</code> attribute of any
+          <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.</li>
+      <li>The <code>xmlNamespaceAware</code> attribute of any
+          <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.</li>
+      <li>The <code>xmlValidation</code> attribute of any
+          <a href="context.html">Context</a> element.</li>
+      </ul>
+      </p>
+      <p>Note that changing a number of the above defaults is likely to break
+      the majority of systems as some browsers are unable to correctly handle
+      the cookie headers that result from a strict adherence to the
+      specifications. Defaults, regardless of whether or not they have been
+      changed by setting
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> can always be
+      overridden by explicitly setting the appropriate system property or element
+      attribute.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.connector. Response.ENFORCE_ENCODING_IN_GET_WRITER</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> then
+      a call to <code>Response.getWriter()</code> if no character encoding
+      has been specified will result in subsequent calls to
+      <code>Response.getCharacterEncoding()</code> returning
+      <code>ISO-8859-1</code> and the <code>Content-Type</code> response header
+      will include a <code>charset=ISO-8859-1</code> component. (SRV.15.2.22.1)</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default specification compliant value of
+      <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext .GET_RESOURCE_REQUIRE_SLASH</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> then the path passed to
+      <code>ServletContext.getResource()</code> or
+      <code>ServletContext.getResourceAsStream()</code> must start with
+      "/". If <code>false</code>, code like
+      <code>getResource("myfolder/myresource.txt")</code> will work.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>true</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.core. ApplicationDispatcher.WRAP_SAME_OBJECT</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> then any wrapped request or response
+      object passed to an application dispatcher will be checked to ensure that
+      it has wrapped the original request or response.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>true</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.http. ServerCookie.ALLOW_EQUALS_IN_VALUE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> Tomcat will allow '<code>=</code>'
+      characters when parsing unquoted cookie values. If <code>false</code>,
+      cookie values containing '<code>=</code>' will be terminated when the
+      '<code>=</code>' is encountered and the remainder of the cookie value will
+      be dropped.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value specification compliant value of
+      <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.http. ServerCookie.ALLOW_HTTP_SEPARATORS_IN_V0</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> Tomcat will allow HTTP separators in
+      cookie names and values.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default specification compliant value of
+      <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.http. ServerCookie.ALWAYS_ADD_EXPIRES</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code> Tomcat will always add an expires
+      parameter to a SetCookie header even for cookies with version greater than
+      zero. This is to work around a known IE6 and IE7 bug that causes IE to
+      ignore the Max-Age parameter in a SetCookie header.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>false</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>true</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.http. ServerCookie.FWD_SLASH_IS_SEPARATOR</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p> If this is true then the <code>/</code> (forward slash) character will
+      be treated as a separator. Note that this character is frequently used in
+      cookie path attributes and some browsers will fail to process a cookie if
+      the path attribute is quoted as is required by a strict adherence to the
+      specifications. This is highly likely to break session tracking using
+      cookies.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>true</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.http. ServerCookie.STRICT_NAMING</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p> If this is true then the requirements of the Servlet specification
+      that Cookie names must adhere to RFC2109 (no use of separators) will be
+      enforced.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>true</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util.http. ServerCookie.ALLOW_NAME_ONLY</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p> If this is true then the requirements of the cookie specifications
+      that cookies must have values will be enforced and cookies consisting only
+      of a name but no value will be ignored.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default specification compliant value of
+      <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Sessions"><strong>Sessions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.authenticator.                     Constants.SSO_SESSION_COOKIE_NAME</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>An alternative name for the single sign on session cookie. Defaults to
+      <code>JSESSIONIDSSO</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.core. StandardHostValve.ACCESS_SESSION</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code>, every request that is associated with a
+      session will cause the session's last accessed time to be updated
+      regardless of whether or not the request explicitly accesses the session.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>true</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.session. StandardSession.ACTIVITY_CHECK</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code>, Tomcat will track the number of active
+      requests for each session. When determining if a session is valid, any
+      session with at least one active request will always be considered valid.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>true</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.session. StandardSession.LAST_ACCESS_AT_START</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>true</code>, the last accessed time for sessions will
+      be calculated from the beginning of the previous request. If
+      <code>false</code>, the last accessed time for sessions will be calculated
+      from the end of the previous request. This also affects how the idle time
+      is calculated.</p>
+      <p>If <code>org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE</code> is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the default of this setting will be <code>true</code>,
+      else the default value will be <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Logging"><strong>Logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.juli.formatter</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If no logging configuration file is specified and no logging configuration class is specified
+         using the <code>java.util.logging.config.class</code> and <code>java.util.logging.config.file</code>
+         properties the default logging framework <code>org.apache.juli</code> will use the default
+         <code>java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter</code> for all console output.
+         To simply override the console output formatter, one can use the described property. Example:
+         <code>-Dorg.apache.juli.formatter=org.apache.juli.OneLineFormatter</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.juli. AsyncOverflowDropType</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>When the memory limit of records has been reached the system needs to determine what action to take.
+         Currently there are three actions that can be taken:
+      </p>
+         <ul>
+           <li><code>int OVERFLOW_DROP_LAST = 1</code> - the record that caused the overflow will be dropped and not logged</li>
+           <li><code>int OVERFLOW_DROP_FIRST = 2</code> - the record that is next in line to be logged will be dropped to make room for the latest record on the queue</li>
+           <li><code>int OVERFLOW_DROP_FLUSH = 3</code> - suspend the thread while the queue empties out and flushes the entries to the write buffer</li>
+           <li><code>int OVERFLOW_DROP_CURRENT = 4</code> - drop the current log entry</li>
+         </ul>
+      <p>The default value is <code>1</code> (OVERFLOW_DROP_LAST).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.juli. AsyncMaxRecordCount</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The max number of log records that the async logger will keep in memory. When this limit is reached and a new record is being logged by the
+         JULI framework the system will take an action based on the <code>org.apache.juli.AsyncOverflowDropType</code> setting.</p>
+      <p>The default value is <code>10000</code> records.
+         This number represents the global number of records, not on a per handler basis.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.juli. AsyncLoggerPollInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The poll interval in milliseconds for the asynchronous logger thread in milliseconds.
+         If the log queue is empty, the async thread will issue a poll(poll interval)
+         in order to not wake up too often.</p>
+      <p>The default value is <code>1000</code> milliseconds.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.juli.logging. UserDataHelper.CONFIG</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The type of logging to use for errors generated by invalid input data.
+         The options are: <code>DEBUG_ALL</code>, <code>INFO_THEN_DEBUG</code>,
+         <code>INFO_ALL</code> and <code>NONE</code>. When
+         <code>INFO_THEN_DEBUG</code> is used, the period for which errors are
+         logged at DEBUG rather than INFO is controlled by the system property
+         <code>org.apache.juli.logging.UserDataHelper.SUPPRESSION_TIME</code>.
+         </p>
+      <p>The default value is <code>INFO_THEN_DEBUG</code>.</p>
+      <p>The errors currently logged using this system are:
+         <ul>
+         <li>invalid cookies;</li>
+         <li>invalid parameters;</li>
+         <li>too many headers, too many parameters (hitting
+           <code>maxHeaderCount</code> or <code>maxParameterCount</code> limits
+           of a <a href="http.html">connector</a>).</li>
+         </ul>
+         Other errors triggered by invalid input data may be added to this
+         system in later versions.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.juli.logging. UserDataHelper.SUPPRESSION_TIME</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>When using <code>INFO_THEN_DEBUG</code> for
+         <code>org.apache.juli.logging.UserDataHelper.CONFIG</code> this system
+         property controls how long messages are logged at DEBUG after a message
+         has been logged at INFO. Once this period has elapsed, the next message
+         will be logged at INFO followed by a new suppression period where
+         messages are logged at DEBUG and so on. The value is measured
+         in seconds.</p>
+      <p>A value of <code>0</code> is equivalent to using <code>INFO_ALL</code>
+         for <code>org.apache.juli.logging.UserDataHelper.CONFIG</code>.</p>
+      <p>A negative value means an infinite suppression period.</p>
+      <p>The default value is <code>86400</code> (24 hours).</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JAR Scanning"><!--()--></a><a name="JAR_Scanning"><strong>JAR Scanning</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">tomcat.util.scan. DefaultJarScanner.jarsToSkip</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The comma-separated list of filenames of JARs that Tomcat will not scan
+         for configuration information when using the
+         <a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a> functionality. Note that
+         there are additional system properties that enable JARs to be excluded
+         from specific scans rather than all scans.</p>
+      <p>The coded default is that no JARs are skipped however the system
+         property is set in a default Tomcat installation via the
+         <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties</code> file.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.startup. ContextConfig.jarsToSkip</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The comma-separated list of additional filenames of JARs that Tomcat
+         will not scan for Servlet 3.0 pluggability features.</p>
+      <p>The coded default is that no JARs are skipped however the system
+         property is set in a default Tomcat installation via the
+         <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties</code> file.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.startup. TldConfig.jarsToSkip</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The comma-separated list of additional filenames of JARs that Tomcat
+         will not scan for TLDs.</p>
+      <p>The coded default is that no JARs are skipped however the system
+         property is set in a default Tomcat installation via the
+         <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties</code> file.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Other"><strong>Other</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Property</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.coyote. USE_CUSTOM_STATUS_MSG_IN_HEADER</code></td><td align="left" valign="center"><p>If this is
+      <code>true</code>, custom HTTP status messages will be used within HTTP
+      headers. If a custom message is specified that is not valid for use in an
+      HTTP header (as defined by RFC2616) then the custom message will be
+      ignored and the default message used.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">catalina.useNaming</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If this is <code>false</code> it will override the
+      <code>useNaming</code> attribute for all <a href="context.html">
+      Context</a> elements.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">javax.sql.DataSource.Factory</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The class name of the factory to use to create resources of type
+      <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>. If not specified the default of
+      <code>org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</code> is used
+      which is a package renamed (to avoid conflictions) copy of
+      <a href="http://commons.apache.org/dbcp">Apache Commons DBCP</a>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">javax.mail.Session.Factory</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The class name of the factory to use to create resources of type
+      <code>javax.mail.Session</code>. If not specified the default of
+      <code>org.apache.naming.factory.MailSessionFactory</code> is used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">jvmRoute</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>Provides a default value for the <code>jvmRoute</code> attribute of the
+      <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> element. It does not override the value
+      configured on the <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> element.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">catalina.config</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The URL for the catalina.properties configuration file.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">tomcat.util.buf.StringCache.byte.enabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, the String cache is enabled for
+      <code>ByteChunk</code>.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">tomcat.util.buf.StringCache.char.enabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, the String cache is enabled for
+      <code>CharChunk</code>.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">tomcat.util.buf.StringCache.trainThreshold</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The number of times <code>toString()</code> must be called before the
+      cache is activated.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>20000</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">tomcat.util.buf.StringCache.cacheSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The size of the String cache.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>200</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">tomcat.util.buf.StringCache.maxStringSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The maximum length of String that will be cached.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>128</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util. http.FastHttpDateFormat.CACHE_SIZE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The size of the cache to use parsed and formatted date value.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>1000</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.tomcat.util. net.NioSelectorShared</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, use a shared selector for servlet write/read.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.startup. EXIT_ON_INIT_FAILURE</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>If <code>true</code>, the server will exit if an exception happens
+         during the server initialization phase.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="propertyName">org.apache.catalina.startup. RealmRuleSet.MAX_NESTED_REALM_LEVELS</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>The CombinedRealm allows nested Realms. This property controls the
+      maximum permitted number of levels of nesting.</p>
+      <p>If not specified, the default value of <code>3</code> will be used.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 Configuration Reference (7.0.42) - The Valve Component</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+    The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+  " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Config Ref. Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Top Level Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="server.html">Server</a></li><li><a href="service.html">Service</a></li></ul><p><strong>Executors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="executor.html">Executor</a></li></ul><p><strong>Connectors</strong></p><ul><li><a href="http.html">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="ajp.html">AJP</a></li></ul><p><strong>Containers</strong></p><ul><li><a href="context.html">Context</a></li><li><a href="engine.html">Engine</a></li><li><a href="host.html">Host</a></li><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li></ul><p><strong>Nested Components</strong></p><ul><li><a href="globalresources.html">Global Resources</a></li><li><a href="jar-scanner.html">JarScanner</a></li><li><a href="listeners.html">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="loader.html">Loader</a></li><li><a href="manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm.html">Realm</a></li><li><a href="resources.html">Resources</a></li><li><a href="valve.html">Valve</a></li></ul><p><strong>Cluster Elements</strong></p><ul><li><a href="cluster.html">Cluster</a></li><li><a href="cluster-manager.html">Manager</a></li><li><a href="cluster-channel.html">Channel</a></li><li><a href="cluster-membership.html">Channel/Membership</a></li><li><a href="cluster-sender.html">Channel/Sender</a></li><li><a href="cluster-receiver.html">Channel/Receiver</a></li><li><a href="cluster-interceptor.html">Channel/Interceptor</a></li><li><a href="cluster-valve.html">Valve</a></li><li><a href="cluster-deployer.html">Deployer</a></li><li><a href="cluster-listener.html">ClusterListener</a></li></ul><p><strong>Other</strong></p><ul><li><a href="filter.html">Filter</a></li><li><a href="systemprops.html">System properties</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Valve Component</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Log_Valve">Access Log Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Access_Log_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Log_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Extended_Access_Log_Valve">Extended Access Log Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Extended_Access_Log_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Extended_Access_Log_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter">Remote Address Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Address_Filter/Attributes">Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Example">Example</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter">Remote Host Filter</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_Host_Filter/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Single_Sign_On_Valve">Single Sign On Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Single_Sign_On_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Single_Sign_On_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Basic_Authenticator_Valve">Basic Authenticator Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Basic_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Basic_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Digest_Authenticator_Valve">Digest Authenticator Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Digest_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Digest_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Form_Authenticator_Valve">Form Authenticator Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Form_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Form_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#SSL_Authenticator_Valve">SSL Authenticator Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#SSL_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#SSL_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#SPNEGO_Valve">SPNEGO Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#SPNEGO_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#SPNEGO_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Valve">Remote IP Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Remote_IP_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Crawler_Session_Manager_Valve">Crawler Session Manager Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Crawler_Session_Manager_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Crawler_Session_Manager_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Stuck_Thread_Detection_Valve">Stuck Thread Detection Valve</a><ol><li><a href="#Stuck_Thread_Detection_Valve/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Stuck_Thread_Detection_Valve/Attributes">Attributes</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <strong>Valve</strong> element represents a component that will be
+  inserted into the request processing pipeline for the associated
+  Catalina container (<a href="engine.html">Engine</a>,
+  <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or <a href="context.html">Context</a>).
+  Individual Valves have distinct processing capabilities, and are
+  described individually below.</p>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Log Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Log_Valve"><strong>Access Log Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Log Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Log_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Access Log Valve</strong> creates log files in the same
+    format as those created by standard web servers.  These logs can later
+    be analyzed by standard log analysis tools to track page hit counts,
+    user session activity, and so on.  The files produces by this <code>Valve</code>
+    are rolled over nightly at midnight.  This <code>Valve</code>
+    may be associated with any Catalina container (<code>Context</code>,
+    <code>Host</code>, or <code>Engine</code>), and
+    will record ALL requests processed by that container.</p>
+
+    <p>Some requests may be handled by Tomcat before they are passed to a
+    container. These include redirects from /foo to /foo/ and the rejection of
+    invalid requests. Where Tomcat can identify the <code>Context</code> that
+    would have handled the request, the request/response will be logged in the
+    <code>AccessLog</code>(s) associated <code>Context</code>, <code>Host</code>
+    and <code>Engine</code>. Where Tomcat cannot identify the
+    <code>Context</code> that would have handled the request, e.g. in cases
+    where the URL is invalid, Tomcat will look first in the <code>Engine</code>,
+    then the default <code>Host</code> for the <code>Engine</code> and finally
+    the ROOT (or default) <code>Context</code> for the default <code>Host</code>
+    for an <code>AccessLog</code> implementation. Tomcat will use the first
+    <code>AccessLog</code> implementation found to log those requests that are
+    rejected before they are passed to a container.</p>
+
+    <p>The output file will be placed in the directory given by the
+    <code>directory</code> attribute. The name of the file is composed
+    by concatenation of the configured <code>prefix</code>, timestamp and
+    <code>suffix</code>. The format of the timestamp in the file name can be
+    set using the <code>fileDateFormat</code> attribute. This timestamp will
+    be omitted if the file rotation is switched off by setting
+    <code>rotatable</code> to <code>false</code>.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Warning:</strong> If multiple AccessLogValve instances
+    are used, they should be configured to use different output files.</p>
+
+    <p>If sendfile is used, the response bytes will be written asynchronously
+    in a separate thread and the access log valve will not know how many bytes
+    were actually written. In this case, the number of bytes that was passed to
+    the sendfile thread for writing will be recorded in the access log valve.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Log Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Log_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Access Log Valve</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve</strong> to use the
+        default access log valve.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">directory</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Absolute or relative pathname of a directory in which log files
+        created by this valve will be placed.  If a relative path is
+        specified, it is interpreted as relative to $CATALINA_BASE.  If
+        no directory attribute is specified, the default value is "logs"
+        (relative to $CATALINA_BASE).</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">prefix</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The prefix added to the start of each log file's name.  If not
+        specified, the default value is "access_log.".</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">suffix</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The suffix added to the end of each log file's name.  If not
+        specified, the default value is "" (a zero-length string),
+        meaning that no suffix will be added.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">fileDateFormat</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Allows a customized timestamp in the access log file name.
+           The file is rotated whenever the formatted timestamp changes.
+           The default value is <code>yyyy-MM-dd</code>.
+           If you wish to rotate every hour, then set this value
+           to <code>yyyy-MM-dd.HH</code>.
+           The date format will always be localized
+           using the locale <code>en_US</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">rotatable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Flag to determine if log rotation should occur.
+           If set to <code>false</code>, then this file is never rotated and
+           <code>fileDateFormat</code> is ignored.
+           Default value: <code>true</code>
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">renameOnRotate</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>By default for a rotatable log the active access log file name
+           will contain the current timestamp in <code>fileDateFormat</code>.
+           During rotation the file is closed and a new file with the next
+           timestamp in the name is created and used. When setting
+           <code>renameOnRotate</code> to <code>true</code>, the timestamp
+           is no longer part of the active log file name. Only during rotation
+           the file is closed and then renamed to include the timestamp.
+           This is similar to the behavior of most log frameworks when
+           doing time based rotation.
+           Default value: <code>false</code>
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pattern</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A formatting layout identifying the various information fields
+        from the request and response to be logged, or the word
+        <code>common</code> or <code>combined</code> to select a
+        standard format.  See below for more information on configuring
+        this attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">encoding</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Character set used to write the log file. An empty string means
+        to use the system default character set. Default value: use the
+        system default character set.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">locale</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The locale used to format timestamps in the access log
+           lines. Any timestamps configured using an
+           explicit SimpleDateFormat pattern (<code>%{xxx}t</code>)
+           are formatted in this locale. By default the
+           default locale of the Java process is used. Switching the
+           locale after the AccessLogValve is initialized is not supported.
+           Any timestamps using the common log format
+           (<code>CLF</code>) are always formatted in the locale
+           <code>en_US</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">requestAttributesEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to check for the existence of request
+        attributes (typically set by the RemoteIpValve and similar) that should
+        be used to override the values returned by the request for remote
+        address, remote host, server port and protocol. If the attributes are
+        not set, or this attribute is set to <code>false</code> then the values
+        from the request will be used. If not set, the default value of
+        <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">conditionIf</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Turns on conditional logging. If set, requests will be
+           logged only if <code>ServletRequest.getAttribute()</code> is
+           not null. For example, if this value is set to
+           <code>important</code>, then a particular request will only be logged
+           if <code>ServletRequest.getAttribute("important") != null</code>.
+           The use of Filters is an easy way to set/unset the attribute
+           in the ServletRequest on many different requests.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">conditionUnless</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Turns on conditional logging. If set, requests will be
+           logged only if <code>ServletRequest.getAttribute()</code> is
+           null. For example, if this value is set to
+           <code>junk</code>, then a particular request will only be logged
+           if <code>ServletRequest.getAttribute("junk") == null</code>.
+           The use of Filters is an easy way to set/unset the attribute
+           in the ServletRequest on many different requests.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">condition</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The same as <code>conditionUnless</code>. This attribute is
+           provided for backwards compatibility.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">buffered</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Flag to determine if logging will be buffered.
+           If set to <code>false</code>, then access logging will be written after each
+           request. Default value: <code>true</code>
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">resolveHosts</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>This attribute is no longer supported. Use the connector
+        attribute <code>enableLookups</code> instead.</p>
+        <p>If you have <code>enableLookups</code> on the connector set to
+        <code>true</code> and want to ignore it, use <b>%a</b> instead of
+        <b>%h</b> in the value of <code>pattern</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>Values for the <code>pattern</code> attribute are made up of literal
+    text strings, combined with pattern identifiers prefixed by the "%"
+    character to cause replacement by the corresponding variable value from
+    the current request and response.  The following pattern codes are
+    supported:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><b>%a</b> - Remote IP address</li>
+    <li><b>%A</b> - Local IP address</li>
+    <li><b>%b</b> - Bytes sent, excluding HTTP headers, or '-' if zero</li>
+    <li><b>%B</b> - Bytes sent, excluding HTTP headers</li>
+    <li><b>%h</b> - Remote host name (or IP address if
+        <code>enableLookups</code> for the connector is false)</li>
+    <li><b>%H</b> - Request protocol</li>
+    <li><b>%l</b> - Remote logical username from identd (always returns
+        '-')</li>
+    <li><b>%m</b> - Request method (GET, POST, etc.)</li>
+    <li><b>%p</b> - Local port on which this request was received</li>
+    <li><b>%q</b> - Query string (prepended with a '?' if it exists)</li>
+    <li><b>%r</b> - First line of the request (method and request URI)</li>
+    <li><b>%s</b> - HTTP status code of the response</li>
+    <li><b>%S</b> - User session ID</li>
+    <li><b>%t</b> - Date and time, in Common Log Format</li>
+    <li><b>%u</b> - Remote user that was authenticated (if any), else '-'</li>
+    <li><b>%U</b> - Requested URL path</li>
+    <li><b>%v</b> - Local server name</li>
+    <li><b>%D</b> - Time taken to process the request, in millis</li>
+    <li><b>%T</b> - Time taken to process the request, in seconds</li>
+    <li><b>%F</b> - Time taken to commit the response, in millis</li>
+    <li><b>%I</b> - Current request thread name (can compare later with stacktraces)</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>
+    There is also support to write information incoming or outgoing
+    headers, cookies, session or request attributes and special
+    timestamp formats.
+    It is modeled after the
+    <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">Apache HTTP Server</a> log configuration
+    syntax:
+    <ul>
+    <li><b><code>%{xxx}i</code></b> for incoming headers</li>
+    <li><b><code>%{xxx}o</code></b> for outgoing response headers</li>
+    <li><b><code>%{xxx}c</code></b> for a specific cookie</li>
+    <li><b><code>%{xxx}r</code></b> xxx is an attribute in the ServletRequest</li>
+    <li><b><code>%{xxx}s</code></b> xxx is an attribute in the HttpSession</li>
+    <li><b><code>%{xxx}t</code></b> xxx is an enhanced SimpleDateFormat pattern</li>
+    </ul>
+    </p>
+
+    <p>All formats supported by SimpleDateFormat are allowed in <code>%{xxx}t</code>.
+    In addition the following extensions have been added:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><b><code>sec</code></b> - number of seconds since the epoch</li>
+    <li><b><code>msec</code></b> - number of milliseconds since the epoch</li>
+    <li><b><code>msec_frac</code></b> - millisecond fraction</li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>These formats can not be mixed with SimpleDateFormat formats in the same format
+    token.</p>
+
+    <p>Furthermore one can define whether to log the timestamp for the request start
+    time or the response finish time:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><b><code>begin</code></b> or prefix <b><code>begin:</code></b> chooses
+    the request start time</li>
+    <li><b><code>end</code></b> or prefix <b><code>end:</code></b> chooses
+    the response finish time</li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>By adding multiple <code>%{xxx}t</code> tokens to the pattern, one can
+    also log both timestamps.</p>
+
+    <p>The shorthand pattern <code>pattern="common"</code>
+    corresponds to the Common Log Format defined by
+    <strong>'%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b'</strong>.</p>
+
+    <p>The shorthand pattern <code>pattern="combined"</code>
+    appends the values of the <code>Referer</code> and <code>User-Agent</code>
+    headers, each in double quotes, to the <code>common</code> pattern.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Extended Access Log Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Extended_Access_Log_Valve"><strong>Extended Access Log Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Extended Access Log Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Extended_Access_Log_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Extended Access Log Valve</strong> is a variant of
+    the Access Log Valve. It is not a real extension of the standard
+    Access Log valve, instead it supports the so-called
+    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-logfile.html">Extended Log File Format</a>
+    defined by the W3C. The main difference to the standard
+    <code>AccessLogValve</code> are the supported pattern values.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Extended Access Log Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Extended_Access_Log_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Extended Access Log Valve</strong> supports all
+    configuration attributes of the standard
+    <a href="#Access_Log_Valve">Access Log Valve.</a> Only the
+    values used for <code>className</code> and <code>pattern</code> differ.</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.valves.ExtendedAccessLogValve</strong> to
+        use the extended access log valve.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">pattern</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A formatting layout identifying the various information fields
+        from the request and response to be logged.
+        See below for more information on configuring this attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+    <p>Values for the <code>pattern</code> attribute are made up of
+    format tokens. Some of the tokens need an additional prefix. Possible
+    prefixes are <code>c</code> for "client", <code>s</code> for "server",
+    <code>cs</code> for "client to server", <code>sc</code> for
+    "server to client" or <code>x</code> for "application specific".
+    Furthermore some tokens are completed by an additional selector.
+    See the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-logfile.html">W3C specification</a>
+    for more information about the format.</p>
+
+    <p>The following format tokens are supported:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><b>bytes</b> - Bytes sent, excluding HTTP headers, or '-' if zero</li>
+    <li><b>c-dns</b> - Remote host name (or IP address if
+        <code>enableLookups</code> for the connector is false)</li>
+    <li><b>c-ip</b> - Remote IP address</li>
+    <li><b>cs-method</b> - Request method (GET, POST, etc.)</li>
+    <li><b>cs-uri</b> - Request URI</li>
+    <li><b>cs-uri-query</b> - Query string (prepended with a '?' if it exists)</li>
+    <li><b>cs-uri-stem</b> - Requested URL path</li>
+    <li><b>date</b> - The date in yyyy-mm-dd format for GMT</li>
+    <li><b>s-dns</b> - Local host name</li>
+    <li><b>s-ip</b> - Local IP address</li>
+    <li><b>sc-status</b> - HTTP status code of the response</li>
+    <li><b>time</b> - Time the request was served in HH:mm:ss format for GMT</li>
+    <li><b>time-taken</b> - Time (in seconds as floating point) taken to serve the request</li>
+    <li><b>x-threadname</b> - Current request thread name (can compare later with stacktraces)</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>For any of the <code>x-H(XXX)</code> the following method will be called from the
+    HttpServletRequest object:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(authType)</code></b>: getAuthType </li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(characterEncoding)</code></b>: getCharacterEncoding </li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(contentLength)</code></b>: getContentLength </li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(locale)</code></b>:  getLocale</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(protocol)</code></b>: getProtocol </li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(remoteUser)</code></b>:  getRemoteUser</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(requestedSessionId)</code></b>: getRequestedSessionId</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(requestedSessionIdFromCookie)</code></b>:
+                     isRequestedSessionIdFromCookie </li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(requestedSessionIdValid)</code></b>:
+                     isRequestedSessionIdValid</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(scheme)</code></b>:  getScheme</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-H(secure)</code></b>:  isSecure</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>
+    There is also support to write information about headers
+    cookies, context, request or session attributes and request
+    parameters.
+    </p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><b><code>cs(XXX)</code></b> for incoming request headers with name XXX</li>
+    <li><b><code>sc(XXX)</code></b> for outgoing response headers with name XXX</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-A(XXX)</code></b> for the servlet context attribute with name XXX</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-C(XXX)</code></b> for the first cookie with name XXX</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-O(XXX)</code></b> for a concatenation of all outgoing response headers with name XXX</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-P(XXX)</code></b> for the URL encoded (using UTF-8) request parameter with name XXX</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-R(XXX)</code></b> for the request attribute with name XXX</li>
+    <li><b><code>x-S(XXX)</code></b> for the session attribute with name XXX</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter"><strong>Remote Address Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Address Filter</strong> allows you to compare the
+    IP address of the client that submitted this request against one or more
+    <em>regular expressions</em>, and either allow the request to continue
+    or refuse to process the request from this client.  A Remote Address
+    Filter can be associated with any Catalina container
+    (<a href="engine.html">Engine</a>, <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or
+    <a href="context.html">Context</a>), and must accept any request
+    presented to this container for processing before it will be passed on.</p>
+
+    <p>The syntax for <em>regular expressions</em> is different than that for
+    'standard' wildcard matching. Tomcat uses the <code>java.util.regex</code>
+    package. Please consult the Java documentation for details of the
+    expressions supported.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> There is a caveat when using this valve with
+    IPv6 addresses. Format of the IP address that this valve is processing
+    depends on the API that was used to obtain it. If the address was obtained
+    from Java socket using Inet6Address class, its format will be
+    <code>x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x</code>. That is, the IP address for localhost
+    will be <code>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</code> instead of the more widely used
+    <code>::1</code>. Consult your access logs for the actual value.</p>
+
+    <p>See also: <a href="#Remote_Host_Filter">Remote Host Filter</a>,
+    <a href="#Remote_IP_Valve">Remote IP Valve</a>.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Address Filter/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Address_Filter/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Address Filter</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allow</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's IP address is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote address MUST match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, all requests will be
+        accepted UNLESS the remote address matches a <code>deny</code>
+        pattern.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deny</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's IP address is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote address MUST NOT match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, request acceptance is
+        governed solely by the <code>accept</code> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">denyStatus</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>HTTP response status code that is used when rejecting denied
+        request. The default value is <code>403</code>. For example,
+        it can be set to the value <code>404</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Example"><strong>Example</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>To allow access only for the clients connecting from localhost:</p>
+<pre>
+    &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+       allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1"/&gt;
+</pre>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter"><strong>Remote Host Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Host Filter</strong> allows you to compare the
+    hostname of the client that submitted this request against one or more
+    <em>regular expressions</em>, and either allow the request to continue
+    or refuse to process the request from this client.  A Remote Host
+    Filter can be associated with any Catalina container
+    (<a href="engine.html">Engine</a>, <a href="host.html">Host</a>, or
+    <a href="context.html">Context</a>), and must accept any request
+    presented to this container for processing before it will be passed on.</p>
+
+    <p>The syntax for <em>regular expressions</em> is different than that for
+    'standard' wildcard matching. Tomcat uses the <code>java.util.regex</code>
+    package. Please consult the Java documentation for details of the
+    expressions supported.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> This filter processes the value returned by
+    method <code>ServletRequest.getRemoteHost()</code>. To allow the method
+    to return proper host names, you have to enable "DNS lookups" feature on
+    a <strong>Connector</strong>.</p>
+
+    <p>See also: <a href="#Remote_Address_Filter">Remote Address Filter</a>,
+    <a href="http.html">HTTP Connector</a> configuration.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote Host Filter/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_Host_Filter/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote Host Filter</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteHostValve</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">allow</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's hostname is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote hostname MUST match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, all requests will be
+        accepted UNLESS the remote hostname matches a <code>deny</code>
+        pattern.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">deny</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>A regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the
+        remote client's hostname is compared to.  If this attribute
+        is specified, the remote hostname MUST NOT match for this request to be
+        accepted.  If this attribute is not specified, request acceptance is
+        governed solely by the <code>accept</code> attribute.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">denyStatus</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>HTTP response status code that is used when rejecting denied
+        request. The default value is <code>403</code>. For example,
+        it can be set to the value <code>404</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Single Sign On Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Single_Sign_On_Valve"><strong>Single Sign On Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Single Sign On Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Single_Sign_On_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <em>Single Sign On Valve</em> is utilized when you wish to give users
+    the ability to sign on to any one of the web applications associated with
+    your virtual host, and then have their identity recognized by all other
+    web applications on the same virtual host.</p>
+
+    <p>See the <a href="host.html#Single Sign On">Single Sign On</a> special
+    feature on the <strong>Host</strong> element for more information.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Single Sign On Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Single_Sign_On_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Single Sign On</strong> Valve supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">requireReauthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Default false. Flag to determine whether each request needs to be
+        reauthenticated to the security <strong>Realm</strong>. If "true", this
+        Valve uses cached security credentials (username and password) to
+        reauthenticate to the <strong>Realm</strong> each request associated
+        with an SSO session.  If "false", the Valve can itself authenticate
+        requests based on the presence of a valid SSO cookie, without
+        rechecking with the <strong>Realm</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cookieDomain</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Sets the host domain to be used for sso cookies.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Basic Authenticator Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Basic_Authenticator_Valve"><strong>Basic Authenticator Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Basic Authenticator Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Basic_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Basic Authenticator Valve</strong> is automatically added to
+    any <a href="context.html">Context</a> that is configured to use BASIC
+    authentication.</p>
+
+    <p>If any non-default settings are required, the valve may be configured
+    within <a href="context.html">Context</a> element with the required
+    values.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Basic Authenticator Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Basic_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Basic Authenticator Valve</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">alwaysUseSession</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should a session always be used once a user is authenticated? This
+        may offer some performance benefits since the session can then be used
+        to cache the authenticated Principal, hence removing the need to
+        authenticate the user via the Realm on every request. This may be of
+        help for combinations such as BASIC authentication used with the
+        JNDIRealm or DataSourceRealms. However there will also be the
+        performance cost of creating and GC'ing the session. If not set, the
+        default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should we cache authenticated Principals if the request is part of an
+        HTTP session? If not specified, the default value of <code>true</code>
+        will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeSessionIdOnAuthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls if the session ID is changed if a session exists at the
+        point where users are authenticated. This is to prevent session fixation
+        attacks. If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.BasicAuthenticator</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">disableProxyCaching</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers but will also cause secured pages to be
+        cached by proxies which will almost certainly be a security issue.
+        <code>securePagesWithPragma</code> offers an alternative, secure,
+        workaround for browser caching issues. If not set, the default value of
+        <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securePagesWithPragma</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers by using
+        <code>Cache-Control: private</code> rather than the default of
+        <code>Pragma: No-cache</code> and <code>Cache-control: No-cache</code>.
+        If not set, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the algorithm to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+        IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the platform
+        default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the
+        default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used.
+        To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the
+        secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty
+        string.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the Java class that extends
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> to use to generate SSO session
+        IDs. If not specified, the default value is
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the provider to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate SSO
+        session IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the
+        platform default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the platform default provider will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Digest Authenticator Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Digest_Authenticator_Valve"><strong>Digest Authenticator Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Digest Authenticator Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Digest_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Digest Authenticator Valve</strong> is automatically added to
+    any <a href="context.html">Context</a> that is configured to use DIGEST
+    authentication.</p>
+
+    <p>If any non-default settings are required, the valve may be configured
+    within <a href="context.html">Context</a> element with the required
+    values.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Digest Authenticator Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Digest_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Digest Authenticator Valve</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">alwaysUseSession</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should a session always be used once a user is authenticated? This
+        may offer some performance benefits since the session can then be used
+        to cache the authenticated Principal, hence removing the need to
+        authenticate the user via the Realm on every request. This may be of
+        help for combinations such as BASIC authentication used with the
+        JNDIRealm or DataSourceRealms. However there will also be the
+        performance cost of creating and GC'ing the session. If not set, the
+        default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should we cache authenticated Principals if the request is part of an
+        HTTP session? If not specified, the default value of <code>false</code>
+        will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeSessionIdOnAuthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls if the session ID is changed if a session exists at the
+        point where users are authenticated. This is to prevent session fixation
+        attacks. If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.DigestAuthenticator</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">disableProxyCaching</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers but will also cause secured pages to be
+        cached by proxies which will almost certainly be a security issue.
+        <code>securePagesWithPragma</code> offers an alternative, secure,
+        workaround for browser caching issues. If not set, the default value of
+        <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">key</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The secret key used by digest authentication. If not set, a secure
+        random value is generated. This should normally only be set when it is
+        necessary to keep key values constant either across server restarts
+        and/or across a cluster.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">nonceCacheSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>To protect against replay attacks, the DIGEST authenticator tracks
+        server nonce and nonce count values. This attribute controls the size
+        of that cache. If not specified, the default value of 1000 is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">nonceCountWindowSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Client requests may be processed out of order which in turn means
+        that the nonce count values may be processed out of order. To prevent
+        authentication failures when nonce counts are presented out of order
+        the authenticator tracks a window of nonce count values. This attribute
+        controls how big that window is. If not specified, the default value of
+        100 is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">nonceValidity</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The time, in milliseconds, that a server generated nonce will be
+        considered valid for use in authentication. If not specified, the
+        default value of 300000 (5 minutes) will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">opaque</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The opaque server string used by digest authentication. If not set, a
+        random value is generated. This should normally only be set when it is
+        necessary to keep opaque values constant either across server restarts
+        and/or across a cluster.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securePagesWithPragma</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers by using
+        <code>Cache-Control: private</code> rather than the default of
+        <code>Pragma: No-cache</code> and <code>Cache-control: No-cache</code>.
+        If not set, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the algorithm to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+        IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the platform
+        default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the
+        default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used.
+        To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the
+        secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty
+        string.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the Java class that extends
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> to use to generate SSO session
+        IDs. If not specified, the default value is
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the provider to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate SSO
+        session IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the
+        platform default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the platform default provider will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">validateUri</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should the URI be validated as required by RFC2617? If not specified,
+        the default value of <code>true</code> will be used. This should
+        normally only be set when Tomcat is located behind a reverse proxy and
+        the proxy is modifying the URI passed to Tomcat such that DIGEST
+        authentication always fails.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Form Authenticator Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Form_Authenticator_Valve"><strong>Form Authenticator Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Form Authenticator Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Form_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Form Authenticator Valve</strong> is automatically added to
+    any <a href="context.html">Context</a> that is configured to use FORM
+    authentication.</p>
+
+    <p>If any non-default settings are required, the valve may be configured
+    within <a href="context.html">Context</a> element with the required
+    values.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Form Authenticator Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Form_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Form Authenticator Valve</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeSessionIdOnAuthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls if the session ID is changed if a session exists at the
+        point where users are authenticated. This is to prevent session fixation
+        attacks. If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">characterEncoding</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Character encoding to use to read the username and password parameters
+        from the request. If not set, the encoding of the request body will be
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.FormAuthenticator</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">disableProxyCaching</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers but will also cause secured pages to be
+        cached by proxies which will almost certainly be a security issue.
+        <code>securePagesWithPragma</code> offers an alternative, secure,
+        workaround for browser caching issues. If not set, the default value of
+        <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">landingPage</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the behavior of the FORM authentication process if the
+        process is misused, for example by directly requesting the login page
+        or delaying logging in for so long that the session expires. If this
+        attribute is set, rather than returning an error response code, Tomcat
+        will redirect the user to the specified landing page if the login form
+        is submitted with valid credentials. For the login to be processed, the
+        landing page must be a protected resource (i.e. one that requires
+        authentication). If the landing page does not require authentication
+        then the user will not be logged in and will be prompted for their
+        credentials again when they access a protected page.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securePagesWithPragma</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers by using
+        <code>Cache-Control: private</code> rather than the default of
+        <code>Pragma: No-cache</code> and <code>Cache-control: No-cache</code>.
+        If not set, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the algorithm to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+        IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the platform
+        default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the
+        default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used.
+        To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the
+        secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty
+        string.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the Java class that extends
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> to use to generate SSO session
+        IDs. If not specified, the default value is
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the provider to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate SSO
+        session IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the
+        platform default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the platform default provider will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SSL Authenticator Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="SSL_Authenticator_Valve"><strong>SSL Authenticator Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SSL Authenticator Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="SSL_Authenticator_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>SSL Authenticator Valve</strong> is automatically added to
+    any <a href="context.html">Context</a> that is configured to use SSL
+    authentication.</p>
+
+    <p>If any non-default settings are required, the valve may be configured
+    within <a href="context.html">Context</a> element with the required
+    values.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SSL Authenticator Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="SSL_Authenticator_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>SSL Authenticator Valve</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should we cache authenticated Principals if the request is part of an
+        HTTP session? If not specified, the default value of <code>true</code>
+        will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SSLAuthenticator</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeSessionIdOnAuthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls if the session ID is changed if a session exists at the
+        point where users are authenticated. This is to prevent session fixation
+        attacks. If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">disableProxyCaching</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers but will also cause secured pages to be
+        cached by proxies which will almost certainly be a security issue.
+        <code>securePagesWithPragma</code> offers an alternative, secure,
+        workaround for browser caching issues. If not set, the default value of
+        <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securePagesWithPragma</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers by using
+        <code>Cache-Control: private</code> rather than the default of
+        <code>Pragma: No-cache</code> and <code>Cache-control: No-cache</code>.
+        If not set, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the algorithm to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+        IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the platform
+        default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the
+        default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used.
+        To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the
+        secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty
+        string.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the Java class that extends
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> to use to generate SSO session
+        IDs. If not specified, the default value is
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the provider to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate SSO
+        session IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the
+        platform default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the platform default provider will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SPNEGO Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="SPNEGO_Valve"><strong>SPNEGO Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SPNEGO Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="SPNEGO_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>SPNEGO Authenticator Valve</strong> is automatically added to
+    any <a href="context.html">Context</a> that is configured to use SPNEGO
+    authentication.</p>
+
+    <p>If any non-default settings are required, the valve may be configured
+    within <a href="context.html">Context</a> element with the required
+    values.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SPNEGO Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="SPNEGO_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>SPNEGO Authenticator Valve</strong> supports the following
+    configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">alwaysUseSession</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should a session always be used once a user is authenticated? This
+        may offer some performance benefits since the session can then be used
+        to cache the authenticated Principal, hence removing the need to
+        authenticate the user on every request. This will also help with clients
+        that assume that the server will cache the authenticated user. However
+        there will also be the performance cost of creating and GC'ing the
+        session. For an alternative solution see
+        <code>noKeepAliveUserAgents</code>. If not set, the default value of
+        <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">cache</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Should we cache authenticated Principals if the request is part of an
+        HTTP session? If not specified, the default value of <code>true</code>
+        will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SpnegoAuthenticator</strong>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeSessionIdOnAuthentication</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls if the session ID is changed if a session exists at the
+        point where users are authenticated. This is to prevent session fixation
+        attacks. If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">disableProxyCaching</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers but will also cause secured pages to be
+        cached by proxies which will almost certainly be a security issue.
+        <code>securePagesWithPragma</code> offers an alternative, secure,
+        workaround for browser caching issues. If not set, the default value of
+        <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">loginConfigName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The name of the JAAS login configuration to be used to login as the
+        service. If not specified, the default of
+        <code>com.sun.security.jgss.krb5.accept</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">noKeepAliveUserAgents</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Some clients (not most browsers) expect the server to cache the
+        authenticated user information for a connection and do not resend the
+        credentials with every request. Tomcat will not do this unless an HTTP
+        session is available. A session will be availble if either the
+        application creates one or if <code>alwaysUseSession</code> is enabled
+        for this Authenticator.</p>
+        <p>As an alternative to creating a session, this attribute may be used
+        to define the user agents for which HTTP keep-alive is disabled. This
+        means that a connection will only used for a single request and hence
+        there is no ability to cache authenticated user information per
+        connection. There will be a performance cost in disabling HTTP
+        keep-alive.</p>
+        <p>The attribute should be a regular expression that matches the entire
+        user-agent string, e.g. <code>.*Chrome.*</code>. If not specified, no
+        regular expression will be defined and no user agents will have HTTP
+        keep-alive disabled.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">securePagesWithPragma</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls the caching of pages that are protected by security
+        constraints. Setting this to <code>false</code> may help work around
+        caching issues in some browsers by using
+        <code>Cache-Control: private</code> rather than the default of
+        <code>Pragma: No-cache</code> and <code>Cache-control: No-cache</code>.
+        If not set, the default value of <code>false</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomAlgorithm</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the algorithm to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate session
+        IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the platform
+        default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the default algorithm of SHA1PRNG will be used. If the
+        default algorithm is not supported, the platform default will be used.
+        To specify that the platform default should be used, do not set the
+        secureRandomProvider attribute and set this attribute to the empty
+        string.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomClass</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the Java class that extends
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> to use to generate SSO session
+        IDs. If not specified, the default value is
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">secureRandomProvider</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the provider to use to create the
+        <code>java.security.SecureRandom</code> instances that generate SSO
+        session IDs. If an invalid algorithm and/or provider is specified, the
+        platform default provider and the default algorithm will be used. If not
+        specified, the platform default provider will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">storeDelegatedCredential</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Controls if the user' delegated credential will be stored in
+        the user Principal. If available, the delegated credential will be
+        available to applications (e.g. for onward authentication to external
+        services) via the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GSS_CREDENTIAL</code>
+        request attribute. If not set, the default value of <code>true</code>
+        will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_IP_Valve"><strong>Remote IP Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_IP_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Tomcat port of
+    <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a>,
+    this valve replaces the apparent client remote IP address and hostname for
+    the request with the IP address list presented by a proxy or a load balancer
+    via a request headers (e.g. "X-Forwarded-For").</p>
+
+    <p>Another feature of this valve is to replace the apparent scheme
+    (http/https), server port and <code>request.secure</code> with the scheme presented
+    by a proxy or a load balancer via a request header
+    (e.g. "X-Forwarded-Proto").</p>
+
+    <p>This Valve may be used at the <code>Engine</code>, <code>Host</code> or
+    <code>Context</code> level as required. Normally, this Valve would be used
+    at the <code>Engine</code> level.</p>
+
+    <p>If used in conjunction with Remote Address/Host valves then this valve
+    should be defined first to ensure that the correct client IP address is
+    presented to the Remote Address/Host valves.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> By default this valve has no effect on the
+    values that are written into access log. The original values are restored
+    when request processing leaves the valve and that always happens earlier
+    than access logging. To pass the remote address, remote host, server port
+    and protocol values set by this valve to the access log,
+    they are put into request attributes. Publishing these values here
+    is enabled by default, but <code>AccessLogValve</code> should be explicitly
+    configured to use them. See documentation for
+    <code>requestAttributesEnabled</code> attribute of
+    <code>AccessLogValve</code>.</p>
+
+    <p>The names of request attributes that are set by this valve
+    and can be used by access logging are the following:</p>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.RemoteAddr</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.RemoteHost</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.Protocol</code></li>
+      <li><code>org.apache.catalina.AccessLog.ServerPort</code></li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Remote IP Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Remote_IP_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Remote IP Valve</strong> supports the
+    following configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve</strong>.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">remoteIpHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the list of
+        traversed IP addresses starting from the requesting client. If not
+        specified, the default of <code>x-forwarded-for</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">internalProxies</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that a
+        proxy's IP address must match to be considered an internal proxy.
+        Internal proxies that appear in the <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong> will
+        be trusted and will not appear in the <strong>proxiesHeader</strong>
+        value. If not specified the default value of <code>
+        10\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|192\.168\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|169\.254\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}|127\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}
+        </code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">proxiesHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP header created by this valve to hold the list of
+        proxies that have been processed in the incoming
+        <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong>. If not specified, the default of
+        <code>x-forwarded-by</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">requestAttributesEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Set to <code>true</code> to set the request attributes used by
+        AccessLog implementations to override the values returned by the
+        request for remote address, remote host, server port and protocol.
+        If not set, the default value of <code>true</code> will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">trustedProxies</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that a
+        proxy's IP address must match to be considered an trusted proxy.
+        Trusted proxies that appear in the <strong>remoteIpHeader</strong> will
+        be trusted and will appear in the <strong>proxiesHeader</strong> value.
+        If not specified, no proxies will be trusted.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocolHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the protocol
+        used by the client to connect to the proxy. If not specified, the
+        default of <code>null</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">portHeader</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Name of the HTTP Header read by this valve that holds the port
+        used by the client to connect to the proxy. If not specified, the
+        default of <code>null</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">protocolHeaderHttpsValue</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Value of the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> to indicate that it is
+        an HTTPS request. If not specified, the default of <code>https</code> is
+        used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">httpServerPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+         <p>Value returned by <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>
+         when the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> indicates <code>http</code>
+         protocol and no <strong>portHeader</strong> is present. If not
+         specified, the default of <code>80</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">httpsServerPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+         <p>Value returned by <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>
+         when the <strong>protocolHeader</strong> indicates <code>https</code>
+         protocol and no <strong>portHeader</strong> is present. If not
+         specified, the default of <code>443</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">changeLocalPort</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>If <code>true</code>, the value returned by
+        <code>ServletRequest.getLocalPort()</code> and
+        <code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code> is modified by the this
+        valve. If not specified, the default of <code>false</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Crawler Session Manager Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Crawler_Session_Manager_Valve"><strong>Crawler Session Manager Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Crawler Session Manager Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Crawler_Session_Manager_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Web crawlers can trigger the creation of many thousands of sessions as
+    they crawl a site which may result in significant memory consumption. This
+    Valve ensures that crawlers are associated with a single session - just like
+    normal users - regardless of whether or not they provide a session token
+    with their requests.</p>
+
+    <p>This Valve may be used at the <code>Engine</code>, <code>Host</code> or
+    <code>Context</code> level as required. Normally, this Valve would be used
+    at the <code>Engine</code> level.</p>
+
+    <p>If used in conjunction with Remote IP valve then the Remote IP valve
+    should be defined before this valve to ensure that the correct client IP
+    address is presented to this valve.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Crawler Session Manager Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Crawler_Session_Manager_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Crawler Session Manager Valve</strong> supports the
+    following configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.valves.CrawlerSessionManagerValve</strong>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">crawlerUserAgents</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) that the user
+        agent HTTP request header is matched against to determine if a request
+        is from a web crawler. If not set, the default of
+        <code>.*[bB]ot.*|.*Yahoo! Slurp.*|.*Feedfetcher-Google.*</code> is used.</p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">sessionInactiveInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>The minimum time in seconds that the Crawler Session Manager Valve
+        should keep the mapping of client IP to session ID in memory without any
+        activity from the client. The client IP / session cache will be
+        periodically purged of mappings that have been inactive for longer than
+        this interval. If not specified the default value of <code>60</code>
+        will be used.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Stuck Thread Detection Valve"><!--()--></a><a name="Stuck_Thread_Detection_Valve"><strong>Stuck Thread Detection Valve</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Stuck Thread Detection Valve/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Stuck_Thread_Detection_Valve/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>This valve allows to detect requests that take a long time to process, which might
+    indicate that the thread that is processing it is stuck.</p>
+    <p>When such a request is detected, the current stack trace of its thread is written
+    to Tomcat log with a WARN level.</p>
+    <p>The IDs and names of the stuck threads are available through JMX in the
+    <code>stuckThreadIds</code> and <code>stuckThreadNames</code> attributes.
+    The IDs can be used with the standard Threading JVM MBean
+    (<code>java.lang:type=Threading</code>) to retrieve other information
+    about each stuck thread.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Stuck Thread Detection Valve/Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Stuck_Thread_Detection_Valve/Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The <strong>Stuck Thread Detection Valve</strong> supports the
+    following configuration attributes:</p>
+
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">className</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Java class name of the implementation to use.  This MUST be set to
+        <strong>org.apache.catalina.valves.StuckThreadDetectionValve</strong>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">threshold</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Minimum duration in seconds after which a thread is considered stuck.
+        Default is 600 seconds. If set to 0, the detection is disabled.</p>
+        <p>Note: since the detection is done in the background thread of the Container
+        (Engine, Host or Context) declaring this Valve, the threshold should be higher
+        than the <code>backgroundProcessorDelay</code> of this Container.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Connectors How To</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Connectors How To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#HTTP">HTTP</a></li><li><a href="#AJP">AJP</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Choosing a connector to use with Tomcat can be difficult. This page will
+list the connectors which are supported with this Tomcat release, and will
+hopefully help you make the right choice according to your needs.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="HTTP"><strong>HTTP</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The HTTP connector is setup by default with Tomcat, and is ready to use. This
+connector features the lowest latency and best overall performance.</p>
+
+<p>For clustering, a HTTP load balancer <b>with support for web sessions stickiness</b>
+must be installed to direct the traffic to the Tomcat servers. Tomcat supports mod_proxy
+(on Apache HTTP Server 2.x, and included by default in Apache HTTP Server 2.2) as the load balancer.
+It should be noted that the performance of HTTP proxying is usually lower than the
+performance of AJP, so AJP clustering is often preferable.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="AJP"><strong>AJP</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>When using a single server, the performance when using a native webserver in
+front of the Tomcat instance is most of the time significantly worse than a
+standalone Tomcat with its default HTTP connector, even if a large part of the web
+application is made of static files. If integration with the native webserver is
+needed for any reason, an AJP connector will provide faster performance than
+proxied HTTP. AJP clustering is the most efficient from the Tomcat perspective.
+It is otherwise functionally equivalent to HTTP clustering.</p>
+
+<p>The native connectors supported with this Tomcat release are:
+<ul>
+<li>JK 1.2.x with any of the supported servers</li>
+<li>mod_proxy on Apache HTTP Server 2.x (included by default in Apache HTTP Server 2.2),
+with AJP enabled</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+<p><b>Other native connectors supporting AJP may work, but are no longer supported.</b></p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
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@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Default Servlet Reference</title><meta name="author" content="Tim Funk"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Default Servlet Reference</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#what">What is the DefaultServlet</a></li><li><a href="#where">Where is it declared?</a></li><li><a href="#change">What can I change?</a></li><li><a href="#dir">How do I customize directory listings?</a></li><li><a href="#secure">How do I secure directory listings?</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="what"><strong>What is the DefaultServlet</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+The default servlet is the servlet which serves static resources as well
+as serves the directory listings (if directory listings are enabled).
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="where"><strong>Where is it declared?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+It is declared globally in <i>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</i>.
+By default here is it's declaration:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+    &lt;servlet&gt;
+        &lt;servlet-name&gt;default&lt;/servlet-name&gt;
+        &lt;servlet-class&gt;
+          org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet
+        &lt;/servlet-class&gt;
+        &lt;init-param&gt;
+            &lt;param-name&gt;debug&lt;/param-name&gt;
+            &lt;param-value&gt;0&lt;/param-value&gt;
+        &lt;/init-param&gt;
+        &lt;init-param&gt;
+            &lt;param-name&gt;listings&lt;/param-name&gt;
+            &lt;param-value&gt;false&lt;/param-value&gt;
+        &lt;/init-param&gt;
+        &lt;load-on-startup&gt;1&lt;/load-on-startup&gt;
+    &lt;/servlet&gt;
+
+...
+
+    &lt;servlet-mapping&gt;
+        &lt;servlet-name&gt;default&lt;/servlet-name&gt;
+        &lt;url-pattern&gt;/&lt;/url-pattern&gt;
+    &lt;/servlet-mapping&gt;
+
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+So by default, the default servlet is loaded at webapp startup and
+directory listings are disabled and debugging is turned off.
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="change"><strong>What can I change?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+The DefaultServlet allows the following initParamters:
+
+<table border="1">
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">debug</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        Debugging level. It is not very useful unless you are a tomcat
+        developer. As
+        of this writing, useful values are 0, 1, 11, 1000. [0]
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">listings</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        If no welcome file is present, can a directory listing be
+        shown?
+        value may be <b>true</b> or <b>false</b> [false]
+        <br>
+        Welcome files are part of the servlet api.
+        <br>
+        <b>WARNING:</b> Listings of directories containing many entries are
+        expensive. Multiple requests for large directory listings can consume
+        significant proportions of server resources.
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">readmeFile</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        If a directory listing is presented, a readme file may also
+        be presented with the listing. This file is inserted as is
+        so it may contain HTML.
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">globalXsltFile</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        If you wish to customize your directory listing, you
+        can use an XSL transformation. This value is an absolute
+        file name which be used for all directory listings.
+        This can be overridden per context and/or per directory. See
+        <strong>contextXsltFile</strong> and <strong>localXsltFile</strong>
+        below. The format of the xml is shown below.
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">contextXsltFile</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        You may also customize your directory listing by context by
+        configuring <code>contextXsltFile</code>. This should be a context
+        relative path (e.g.: <code>/path/to/context.xslt</code>). This
+        overrides <code>globalXsltFile</code>. If this value is present but a
+        file does not exist, then <code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
+        <code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
+        directory listing will be shown.
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">localXsltFile</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        You may also customize your directory listing by directory by
+        configuring <code>localXsltFile</code>. This should be a relative
+        file name in the directory where the listing will take place.
+        This overrides <code>globalXsltFile</code> and
+        <code>contextXsltFile</code>. If this value is present but a file
+        does not exist, then <code>contextXsltFile</code> will be used. If
+        <code>contextXsltFile</code> does not exist, then
+        <code>globalXsltFile</code> will be used. If
+        <code>globalXsltFile</code> does not exist, then the default
+        directory listing will be shown.
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">input</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        Input buffer size (in bytes) when reading
+        resources to be served.  [2048]
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">output</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        Output buffer size (in bytes) when writing
+        resources to be served.  [2048]
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">readonly</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        Is this context "read only", so HTTP commands like PUT and
+        DELETE are rejected?  [true]
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">fileEncoding</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        File encoding to be used when reading static resources.
+        [platform default]
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">sendfileSize</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        If the connector used supports sendfile, this represents the minimal
+        file size in KB for which sendfile will be used. Use a negative value
+        to always disable sendfile. [48]
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <th valign="top">useAcceptRanges</th>
+    <td valign="top">
+        If true, the Accept-Ranges header will be set when appropriate for the
+        response. [true]
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="dir"><strong>How do I customize directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>You can override DefaultServlet with you own implementation and use that
+in your web.xml declaration. If you
+can understand what was just said, we will assume you can read the code
+to DefaultServlet servlet and make the appropriate adjustments. (If not,
+then that method isn't for you)
+</p>
+<p>
+You can use either  <code>localXsltFile</code> or
+<code>globalXsltFile</code> and DefaultServlet will create
+an xml document and run it through an xsl transformation based
+on the values provided in <code>localXsltFile</code> and
+<code>globalXsltFile</code>. <code>localXsltFile</code> is first
+checked, followed by <code>globalXsltFile</code>, then default
+behaviors takes place.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Format:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+    &lt;listing&gt;
+     &lt;entries&gt;
+      &lt;entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'&gt;
+        fileName1
+      &lt;/entry&gt;
+      &lt;entry type='file|dir' urlPath='aPath' size='###' date='gmt date'&gt;
+        fileName2
+      &lt;/entry&gt;
+      ...
+     &lt;/entries&gt;
+     &lt;readme&gt;&lt;/readme&gt;
+    &lt;/listing&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<ul>
+  <li>size will be missing if <code>type='dir'</code></li>
+  <li>Readme is a CDATA entry</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+The following is a sample xsl file which mimics the default tomcat behavior:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;
+
+&lt;xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+  version="1.0"&gt;
+
+  &lt;xsl:output method="xhtml" encoding="iso-8859-1" indent="no"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;xsl:template match="listing"&gt;
+   &lt;html&gt;
+    &lt;head&gt;
+      &lt;title&gt;
+        Sample Directory Listing For
+        &lt;xsl:value-of select="@directory"/&gt;
+      &lt;/title&gt;
+      &lt;style&gt;
+        h1{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
+        h3{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
+        body{font-family : sans-serif,Arial,Tahoma;
+             color : black;background-color : white;}
+        b{color : white;background-color : #0086b2;}
+        a{color : black;} HR{color : #0086b2;}
+      &lt;/style&gt;
+    &lt;/head&gt;
+    &lt;body&gt;
+      &lt;h1&gt;Sample Directory Listing For
+            &lt;xsl:value-of select="@directory"/&gt;
+      &lt;/h1&gt;
+      &lt;hr size="1" /&gt;
+      &lt;table cellspacing="0"
+                  width="100%"
+            cellpadding="5"
+                  align="center"&gt;
+        &lt;tr&gt;
+          &lt;th align="left"&gt;Filename&lt;/th&gt;
+          &lt;th align="center"&gt;Size&lt;/th&gt;
+          &lt;th align="right"&gt;Last Modified&lt;/th&gt;
+        &lt;/tr&gt;
+        &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="entries"/&gt;
+        &lt;/table&gt;
+      &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="readme"/&gt;
+      &lt;hr size="1" /&gt;
+      &lt;h3&gt;Apache Tomcat/7.0&lt;/h3&gt;
+    &lt;/body&gt;
+   &lt;/html&gt;
+  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;
+
+
+  &lt;xsl:template match="entries"&gt;
+    &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="entry"/&gt;
+  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;
+
+  &lt;xsl:template match="readme"&gt;
+    &lt;hr size="1" /&gt;
+    &lt;pre&gt;&lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
+  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;
+
+  &lt;xsl:template match="entry"&gt;
+    &lt;tr&gt;
+      &lt;td align="left"&gt;
+        &lt;xsl:variable name="urlPath" select="@urlPath"/&gt;
+        &lt;a href="{$urlPath}"&gt;
+          &lt;tt&gt;&lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;&lt;/tt&gt;
+        &lt;/a&gt;
+      &lt;/td&gt;
+      &lt;td align="right"&gt;
+        &lt;tt&gt;&lt;xsl:value-of select="@size"/&gt;&lt;/tt&gt;
+      &lt;/td&gt;
+      &lt;td align="right"&gt;
+        &lt;tt&gt;&lt;xsl:value-of select="@date"/&gt;&lt;/tt&gt;
+      &lt;/td&gt;
+    &lt;/tr&gt;
+  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;
+
+&lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="secure"><strong>How do I secure directory listings?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+Use web.xml in each individual webapp. See the security section of the
+Servlet specification.
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/default-servlet.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
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+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
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+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
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+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Tomcat Web Application Deployment</title><meta name="author" content="Allistair Crossley"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Tomcat Web Application Deployment</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li><li><a href="#A_word_on_Contexts">A word on Contexts</a></li><li><a href="#Deployment_on_Tomcat_startup">Deployment on Tomcat startup</a></li><li><a href="#Deploying_on_a_running_Tomcat_server">Deploying on a running Tomcat server</a></li><li><a href="#Deploying_using_the_Tomcat_Manager">Deploying using the Tomcat Manager</a></li><li><a href="#Deploying_using_the_Client_Deployer_Package">Deploying using the Client Deployer Package</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+        <p>
+            Deployment is the term used for the process of installing a web
+            application (either a 3rd party WAR or your own custom web application)
+            into the Tomcat server.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            Web application deployment may be accomplished in a number of ways
+            within the Tomcat server.</p>
+        <ul>
+                <li>Statically; the web application is setup before Tomcat is started</li>
+                <li>
+                    Dynamically; by directly manipulating already deployed web
+                    applications (relying on <em>auto-deployment</em>
+                    feature) or remotely by using the Tomcat Manager web
+                    application
+                </li>
+        </ul>
+        <p>
+            The <a href="manager-howto.html">Tomcat Manager</a> is a web
+            application that can be used interactively (via HTML GUI) or
+            programmatically (via URL-based API) to deploy and manage web
+            applications.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            There are a number of ways to perform deployment that rely on
+            the Manager web application. Apache Tomcat provides tasks
+            for Apache Ant build tool.
+            <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/maven-plugin.html">Apache Tomcat Maven Plugin</a>
+            project provides integration with Apache Maven.
+            There is also a tool called the Client Deployer, which can be
+            used from a command line and provides additional functionality
+            such as compiling and validating web applications as well as
+            packaging web application into web application resource (WAR)
+            files.
+        </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+        <p>
+            There is no installation required for static deployment of web
+            applications as this is provided out of the box by Tomcat. Nor is any
+            installation required for deployment functions with the Tomcat Manager,
+            although some configuration is required as detailed in the
+            <a href="manager-howto.html">Tomcat Manager manual</a>.
+            An installation is however required if you wish
+            to use the Tomcat Client Deployer (TCD).
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            The TCD is not packaged with the Tomcat core
+            distribution, and must therefore be downloaded separately from
+            the Downloads area. The download is usually labelled
+            <i>apache-tomcat-7.0.x-deployer</i>.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            TCD has prerequisites of Apache Ant 1.6.2+ and a Java installation.
+            Your environment should define an ANT_HOME environment value pointing to
+            the root of your Ant installation, and a JAVA_HOME value pointing to
+            your Java installation. Additionally, you should ensure Ant's ant
+            command, and the Java javac compiler command run from the command shell
+            that your operating system provides.
+        </p>
+        <ol>
+            <li>Download the TCD distribution</li>
+            <li>
+                The TCD package need not be extracted into any existing Tomcat
+                installation, it can be extracted to any location.
+            </li>
+            <li>Read Using the <a href="#Deploying_using_the_Client_Deployer_Package">
+            Tomcat Client Deployer</a></li>
+        </ol>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="A word on Contexts"><!--()--></a><a name="A_word_on_Contexts"><strong>A word on Contexts</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+        <p>
+            In talking about deployment of web applications, the concept of a
+            <i>Context</i> is required to be understood. A Context is what Tomcat
+            calls a web application.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            In order to configure a Context within Tomcat a <i>Context Descriptor</i>
+            is required. A Context Descriptor is simply an XML file that contains
+            Tomcat related configuration for a Context, e.g naming resources or
+            session manager configuration. In earlier versions of
+            Tomcat the content of a Context Descriptor configuration was often stored within
+            Tomcat's primary configuration file <i>server.xml</i> but this is now
+            discouraged (although it currently still works).
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            Context Descriptors not only help Tomcat to know how to configure
+            Contexts but other tools such as the Tomcat Manager and TCD often use
+            these Context Descriptors to perform their roles properly.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            The locations for Context Descriptors are:
+        </p>
+        <ol>
+                <li>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/[webappname].xml</li>
+                <li>$CATALINA_BASE/webapps/[webappname]/META-INF/context.xml</li>
+        </ol>
+        <p>
+            Files in (1) are named [webappname].xml but files in (2) are named
+            context.xml. If a Context Descriptor is not provided for a Context,
+            Tomcat configures the Context using default values.
+        </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deployment on Tomcat startup"><!--()--></a><a name="Deployment_on_Tomcat_startup"><strong>Deployment on Tomcat startup</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+        <p>
+            If you are not interested in using the Tomcat Manager, or TCD,
+            then you'll need to deploy your web applications
+            statically to Tomcat, followed by a Tomcat startup. The location you
+            deploy web applications to for this type of deployment is called the
+            <code>appBase</code> which is specified per Host. You either copy a
+            so-called <i>exploded web application</i>, i.e non-compressed, to this
+            location, or a compressed web application resource .WAR file.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            The web applications present in the location specified by the Host's
+            (default Host is "localhost") <code>appBase</code> attribute (default
+            appBase is "$CATALINA_BASE/webapps") will be deployed on Tomcat startup
+            only if the Host's <code>deployOnStartup</code> attribute is "true".
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            The following deployment sequence will occur on Tomcat startup in that
+            case:
+        </p>
+        <ol>
+            <li>Any Context Descriptors will be deployed first.</li>
+            <li>
+                Exploded web applications not referenced by any Context
+                Descriptor will then be deployed. If they have an associated
+                .WAR file in the appBase and it is newer than the exploded web application,
+                the exploded directory will be removed and the webapp will be
+                redeployed from the .WAR
+            </li>
+            <li>.WAR files will be deployed</li>
+        </ol>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploying on a running Tomcat server"><!--()--></a><a name="Deploying_on_a_running_Tomcat_server"><strong>Deploying on a running Tomcat server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+        <p>
+            It is possible to deploy web applications to a running Tomcat server.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+            If the Host <code>autoDeploy</code> attribute is "true", the Host will
+            attempt to deploy and update web applications dynamically, as needed,
+            for example if a new .WAR is dropped into the <code>appBase</code>.
+            For this to work, the Host needs to have background processing
+            enabled which is the default configuration.
+        </p>
+
+        <p>
+            <code>autoDeploy</code> set to "true" and a running Tomcat allows for:
+        </p>
+        <ul>
+            <li>Deployment of .WAR files copied into the Host <code>appBase</code>.</li>
+            <li>
+                Deployment of exploded web applications which are
+                copied into the Host <code>appBase</code>.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                Re-deployment of a web application which has already been deployed from
+                a .WAR when the new .WAR is provided. In this case the exploded
+                web application is removed, and the .WAR is expanded again.
+                Note that the explosion will not occur if the Host is configured
+                so that .WARs are not exploded with a <code>unpackWARs</code>
+                attribute set to "false", in which case the web application
+                will be simply redeployed as a compressed archive.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                Re-loading of a web application if the /WEB-INF/web.xml file (or
+                any other resource defined as a WatchedResource) is updated.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                Re-deployment of a web application if the Context Descriptor
+                file from which the web application has been deployed is
+                updated.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                Re-deployment of dependent web applications if the global or
+                per-host Context Descriptor file used by the web application is
+                updated.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                Re-deployment of a web application if a Context Descriptor file (with a
+                filename corresponding to the Context path of the previously deployed
+                web application) is added to the
+                <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/</code>
+                directory.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                Undeployment of a web application if its document base (docBase)
+                is deleted. Note that on Windows, this assumes that anti-locking
+                features (see Context configuration) are enabled, otherwise it is not
+                possible to delete the resources of a running web application.
+            </li>
+        </ul>
+        <p>
+            Note that web application reloading can also be configured in the loader, in which
+            case loaded classes will be tracked for changes.
+        </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploying using the Tomcat Manager"><!--()--></a><a name="Deploying_using_the_Tomcat_Manager"><strong>Deploying using the Tomcat Manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+        <p>
+            The Tomcat Manager is covered in its <a href="manager-howto.html">own manual page</a>.
+        </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploying using the Client Deployer Package"><!--()--></a><a name="Deploying_using_the_Client_Deployer_Package"><strong>Deploying using the Client Deployer Package</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+        <p>
+            Finally, deployment of web application may be achieved using the
+            Tomcat Client Deployer. This is a package which can be used to
+            validate, compile, compress to .WAR, and deploy web applications to
+            production or development Tomcat servers. It should be noted that this feature
+            uses the Tomcat Manager and as such the target Tomcat server should be
+            running.
+        </p>
+
+        <p>
+            It is assumed the user will be familiar with Apache Ant for using the TCD.
+            Apache Ant is a scripted build tool. The TCD comes pre-packaged with a
+            build script to use. Only a modest understanding of Apache Ant is
+            required (installation as listed earlier in this page, and familiarity
+            with using the operating system command shell and configuring
+            environment variables).
+        </p>
+
+        <p>
+            The TCD includes Ant tasks, the Jasper page compiler for JSP compilation
+            before deployment, as well as a task which
+            validates the web application Context Descriptor. The validator task (class
+            <code>org.apache.catalina.ant.ValidatorTask</code>) allows only one parameter:
+            the base path of an exploded web application.
+        </p>
+
+        <p>
+            The TCD uses an exploded web application as input (see the list of the
+            properties used below). A web application that is programmatically
+            deployed with the deployer may include a Context Descriptor in
+            <code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>.
+        </p>
+
+        <p>
+            The TCD includes a ready-to-use Ant script, with the following targets:
+        </p>
+        <ul>
+            <li>
+                <code>compile</code> (default): Compile and validate the web
+                application. This can be used standalone, and does not need a running
+                Tomcat server. The compiled application will only run on the associated
+                <em>Tomcat&nbsp;X.Y.Z</em> server release, and is not guaranteed to work
+                on another Tomcat release, as the code generated by Jasper depends on its runtime
+                component. It should also be noted that this target will also compile
+                automatically any Java source file located in the
+                <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> folder of the web application.</li>
+            <li>
+                <code>deploy</code>: Deploy a web application (compiled or not) to
+                a Tomcat server.
+            </li>
+            <li><code>undeploy</code>: Undeploy a web application</li>
+            <li><code>start</code>: Start web application</li>
+            <li><code>reload</code>: Reload web application</li>
+            <li><code>stop</code>: Stop web application</li>
+        </ul>
+
+        <p>
+            In order for the deployment to be configured, create a file
+            called <code>deployer.properties</code> in the TCD installation
+            directory root. In this file, add the following name=value pairs per
+            line:
+        </p>
+
+        <p>
+            Additionally, you will need to ensure that a user has been
+            setup for the target Tomcat Manager (which TCD uses) otherwise the TCD
+            will not authenticate with the Tomcat Manager and the deployment will
+            fail. To do this, see the Tomcat Manager page.
+        </p>
+
+        <ul>
+            <li>
+                <code>build</code>: The build folder used will be, by default,
+                <code>${build}/webapp/${path}</code>. After the end of the execution
+                of the <code>compile</code> target, the web application .WAR will be
+                located at <code>${build}/webapp/${path}.war</code>.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <code>webapp</code>: The directory containing the exploded web application
+                which will be compiled and validated. By default, the folder is
+                <code>myapp</code>.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <code>path</code>: Deployed context path of the web application,
+                by default <code>/myapp</code>.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <code>url</code>: Absolute URL to the Tomcat Manager web application of a
+                running Tomcat server, which will be used to deploy and undeploy the
+                web application. By default, the deployer will attempt to access
+                a Tomcat instance running on localhost, at
+                <code>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</code>.
+            </li>
+            <li>
+                <code>username</code>: Tomcat Manager username (user should have a role of
+                manager-script)
+            </li>
+            <li><code>password</code>: Tomcat Manager password.</li>
+        </ul>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/developers.html b/webapps/docs/developers.html
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/developers.html
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Tomcat Developers</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Tomcat Developers</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Active Developers"><!--()--></a><a name="Active_Developers"><strong>Active Developers</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      The list indicates the developers' main areas of interest. Feel free to
+      add to the list :) The developers email addresses are
+      <code>[login]@apache.org</code>. Please <strong>do not</strong> contact
+      developers directly for any support issues (please post to the
+      tomcat-users mailing list instead, or one of the other support
+      resources; some organizations and individual consultants also offer
+      for pay Tomcat support, as listed on the
+      <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/SupportAndTraining">support and
+      training</a> page on the Tomcat Wiki).
+    </p>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li>Bill Barker (billbarker): Connectors</li>
+      <li>Costin Manolache (costin): Catalina, Connectors</li>
+      <li>Filip Hanik (fhanik): Clustering, Release Manager</li>
+      <li>Jean-Frederic Clere (jfclere): Connectors</li>
+      <li>Jim Jagielski (jim): Connectors</li>
+      <li>Konstantin Kolinko (kkolinko): Catalina</li>
+      <li>Mark Thomas (markt): CGI, SSI, WebDAV, bug fixing</li>
+      <li>Mladen Turk (mturk): Connectors</li>
+      <li>Peter Rossbach (pero): Catalina, Clustering, JMX</li>
+      <li>Rainer Jung (rjung): Catalina, Clustering, Connectors</li>
+      <li>Remy Maucherat (remm): Catalina, Connectors, Docs</li>
+      <li>Tim Funk (funkman): Catalina, Docs</li>
+      <li>Tim Whittington (timw): Connectors</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Retired Developers"><!--()--></a><a name="Retired_Developers"><strong>Retired Developers</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li>Amy Roh (amyroh): Catalina</li>
+      <li>Glenn Nielsen (glenn): Catalina, Connectors</li>
+      <li>Henri Gomez (hgomez): Connectors</li>
+      <li>Jan Luehe (luehe): Jasper</li>
+      <li>Jean-Francois Arcand (jfarcand): Catalina</li>
+      <li>Kin-Man Chung (kinman): Jasper</li>
+      <li>Yoav Shapira (yoavs): Docs, JMX, Catalina, balancer</li>
+    </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/developers.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/elapi/index.html b/webapps/docs/elapi/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19c5985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/elapi/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+    <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+    <title>API docs</title>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+
+The EL Javadoc is not installed by default. Download and install
+the "fulldocs" package to get it.
+
+You can also access the javadoc online in the Tomcat
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/">
+documentation bundle</a>.
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/extras.html b/webapps/docs/extras.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66f4931
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/extras.html
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Additional Components</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Additional Components</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Downloading">Downloading</a></li><li><a href="#Building">Building</a></li><li><a href="#Components_list">Components list</a><ol><li><a href="#Full_commons-logging_implementation">Full commons-logging implementation</a></li><li><a href="#Web_Services_support_(JSR_109)">Web Services support (JSR 109)</a></li><li><a href="#JMX_Remote_Lifecycle_Listener">JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    A number of additional components may be used with Apache Tomcat. These
+    components may be built by users should they need them or they can be
+    downloaded from one of the mirrors.
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Downloading"><strong>Downloading</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    To download the extras components open the Tomcat download page and
+    select "browse" from the Quick Navigation Links. The extras components can be
+    found in bin/extras.
+  </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Building"><strong>Building</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      The additional components are built using the <code>extras</code> target
+      of the standard Tomcat Ant script which is present in the source bundle of
+      Tomcat.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>The build process is the following:</p>
+
+    <ul>
+    <li>Follow the <a href="building.html">build instructions</a> to build a
+        Tomcat binary from the source bundle (note: it will be used by the build
+        process of the additional components, but does not need to be actually
+        used later on)</li>
+    <li>Execute the command <code>ant extras</code> to run the build
+        script</li>
+    <li>The additional components JARs will be placed in the
+        <code>output/extras</code> folder</li>
+    <li>Refer to the documentation below about the usage of these JARs</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Components list"><!--()--></a><a name="Components_list"><strong>Components list</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Full commons-logging implementation"><!--()--></a><a name="Full_commons-logging_implementation"><strong>Full commons-logging implementation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    Tomcat uses a package renamed commons-logging API implementation which is
+    hardcoded to use the java.util.logging API. The commons-logging additional
+    component builds a full fledged package renamed commons-logging
+    implementation which can be used to replace the implementation provided with
+    Tomcat. See the <a href="logging.html">logging</a> page for usage
+    instructions.
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Web Services support (JSR 109)"><!--()--></a><a name="Web_Services_support_(JSR_109)"><strong>Web Services support (JSR 109)</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    Tomcat provides factories for JSR 109 which may be used to resolve web
+    services references. Place the generated catalina-ws.jar as well as
+    jaxrpc.jar and wsdl4j.jar (or another implementation of JSR 109) in the
+    Tomcat lib folder.
+  </p>
+
+  <p>
+    Users should be aware that wsdl4j.jar is licensed under CPL 1.0 and not the
+    Apache License version 2.0.
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener"><!--()--></a><a name="JMX_Remote_Lifecycle_Listener"><strong>JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    The JMX protocol requires the JMX server (Tomcat in this instance) to listen
+    on two network ports. One of these ports can be fixed via configuration but
+    the second is selected randomly. This makes it difficult to use JMX through
+    a firewall. The JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener allows both ports to be fixed,
+    simplifying the process of connecting to JMX through a firewall. See the <a href="config/listeners.html">listeners</a> page for usage instructions.
+  </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
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+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - Administrative Apps - Overall Requirements</title><meta name="author" content="Craig McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Administrative Apps - Overall Requirements</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a><ol><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#External_Specifications">External Specifications</a></li><li><a href="#Implementation_Requirements">Implementation Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Dependencies">Dependencies</a><ol><li><a href="#Environmental_Dependencies">Environmental Dependencies</a></li><li><a href="#Container_Dependencies">Container Dependencies</a></li><li><a href="#External_Technologies">External Technologies</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Functionality">Functionality</a><ol><li><a href="#Properties_of_Administered_Objects">Properties of Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="#Supported_Administrative_Operations">Supported Administrative Operations</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Method_Specific_Requirements">Access Method Specific Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Testable_Assertions">Testable Assertions</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The purpose of this specification is to define high level requirements
+    for administrative applications that can be used to manage the operation
+    of a running Tomcat container.  A variety of <em>Access Methods</em>
+    to the supported administrative functionality shall be supported, to
+    meet varying requirements:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><em>As A Scriptable Web Application</em> - The existing
+        <code>Manager</code> web application provides a simple HTTP-based
+        interface for managing Tomcat through commands that are expressed
+        entirely through a request URI.  This is useful in environments
+        where you wish to script administrative commands with tools that
+        can generate HTTP transactions.</li>
+    <li><em>As An HTML-Based Web Application</em> - Use an HTML presentation
+        to provide a GUI-like user interface for humans to interact with the
+        administrative capabilities.</li>
+    <li><em>As SOAP-Based Web Services</em> - The operational commands to
+        administer Tomcat are made available as web services that utilize
+        SOAP message formats.</li>
+    <li><em>As Java Management Extensions (JMX) Commands</em> - The operational
+        commands to administer Tomcat are made available through JMX APIs,
+        for integration into management consoles that utilize them.</li>
+    <li><em>Other Remote Access APIs</em> - Other remote access APIs, such
+        as JINI, RMI, and CORBA can also be utilized to access administrative
+        capabilities.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>Underlying all of the access methods described above, it is assumed
+    that the actual operations are performed either directly on the
+    corresponding Catalina components (such as calling the
+    <code>Deployer.deploy()</code> method to deploy a new web application),
+    or through a "business logic" layer that can be shared across all of the
+    access methods.  This approach minimizes the cost of adding new
+    administrative capabilities later -- it is only necessary to add the
+    corresponding business logic function, and then write adapters to it for
+    all desired access methods.</p>
+
+    <p>The current status of this functional specification is
+    <strong>PROPOSED</strong>.  It has not yet been discussed and
+    agreed to on the TOMCAT-DEV mailing list.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="External Specifications"><!--()--></a><a name="External_Specifications"><strong>External Specifications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality depends on the following
+    external specifications:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jdk/idl/index.html">Java
+        IDL</a> (for CORBA, included in the JDK)</li>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/JavaManagement/index.html">
+        Java Management Extensions</a></li>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/rmi/index.html">Remote
+        Method Invocation</a> (Included in the JDK)</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Implementation Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Implementation_Requirements"><strong>Implementation Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality shall conform to the
+    following requirements:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>To the maximum extent feasible, all administrative functions,
+        and the access methods that support them, shall run portably
+        on all platforms where Tomcat itself runs.</li>
+    <li>In a default Tomcat distribution, all administrative capabilities
+        shall be disabled.  It shall be necessary for a system
+        administrator to specifically enable the desired access methods
+        (such as by adding a username/password with a specific role to
+        the Tomcat user's database.</li>
+    <li>Administrative functions shall be realized as direct calls to
+        corresponding Catalina APIs, or through a business logic layer
+        that is independent of the access method used to initiate it.</li>
+    <li>The common business logic components shall be implemented in
+        package <code>org.apache.catalina.admin</code>.</li>
+    <li>The common business logic components shall be built as part of the
+        standard Catalina build process, and made visible in the
+        Catalina class loader.</li>
+    <li>The Java components required for each access method shall be
+        implemented in subpackages of <code>org.apache.catalina.admin</code>.
+        </li>
+    <li>The build scripts should treat each access method as optional,
+        so that it will be built only if the corresponding required
+        APIs are present at build time.</li>
+    <li>It shall be possible to save the configured state of the running
+        Tomcat container such that this state can be reproduced when the
+        container is shut down and restarted.</li>
+    <li>Administrative commands to start up and shut down the overall
+        Tomcat container are <strong>out of scope</strong> for the
+        purposes of these applications.  It is assumed that other
+        (usually platform-specific) mechanisms will be used for container
+        startup and shutdown.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Dependencies"><strong>Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environmental Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Environmental_Dependencies"><strong>Environmental Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following environmental dependencies must be met in order for
+    administrative applications to operate correctly:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>For access methods that require creation of server sockets, the
+        appropriate ports must be configured and available.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Container Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Container_Dependencies"><strong>Container Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Correct operation of administrative applications depends on the
+       following specific features of the surrounding container:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>To the maximum extent feasible, Catalina components that offer
+        direct administrative APIs and property setters shall support
+        "live" changes to their operation, without requiring a container
+        restart.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="External Technologies"><!--()--></a><a name="External_Technologies"><strong>External Technologies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The availability of the following technologies can be assumed
+    for the implementation and operation of the various access methods
+    and the corresponding administrative business logic:<br>
+    <strong>FIXME</strong> - This list below is totally outdated, but nobody
+    cares about the administrative app anymore. It is removed and unsupported
+    since Tomcat 6.0.</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/">Java 2 Standard Edition</a>
+        (Version 1.2 or later)</li>
+    <li><a href="http://www.jcp.org/jsr/detail/154.jsp">Servlet 2.4</a>
+        (supported natively by Tomcat 5)</li>
+    <li><a href="http://www.jcp.org/jsr/detail/152.jsp">JavaServer Pages 2.0</a>
+        (supported natively by Tomcat 5)</li>
+    <li><a href="http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/doc/standard-doc/intro.html">JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library 1.0 (Jakarta Taglibs-Standard 1.0.3)</a></li>
+    <li><a href="http://struts.apache.org/">Struts Framework</a>
+        (Version 1.0) - MVC Framework for Web Applications</li>
+    <li><strong>TO BE DETERMINED</strong> - Application for hosting SOAP
+        based web services</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Functionality"><strong>Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Properties of Administered Objects"><!--()--></a><a name="Properties_of_Administered_Objects"><strong>Properties of Administered Objects</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Functional requirements for administrative applications are specified
+  in terms of <em>Administered Objects</em>, whose definitions and detailed
+  properties are listed <a href="fs-admin-objects.html">here</a>.  In general,
+  Administered Objects correspond to components in the Catalina architecture,
+  but these objects are defined separately here for the following reasons:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>It is possible that the administrative applications do not expose
+      every possible configurable facet of the underlying components.</li>
+  <li>In some cases, an Administered Object (from the perspective of an
+      administrative operation) is realized by more than one Catalina
+      component, at a finer-grained level of detail.</li>
+  <li>It is necessary to represent the configuration information for a
+      component separately from the component itself (for instance, in
+      order to store that configuration information for later use).</li>
+  <li>It is necessary to represent configuration information (such as
+      a Default Context) when there is no corresponding component instance.
+      </li>
+  <li>Administered Objects, when realized as Java classes, will include
+      methods for administrative operations that have no correspondence
+      to operations performed by the corresponding actual components.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the overall component
+  architecture of Catalina.  For further information, see the corresponding
+  Developer Documentation.  To distinguish names that are used as both
+  <em>Administered Objects</em> and <code>Components</code>, different
+  font presentations are utilized.  Default values for many properties
+  are listed in [square brackets].</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Supported Administrative Operations"><!--()--></a><a name="Supported_Administrative_Operations"><strong>Supported Administrative Operations</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The administrative operations that are available are described in terms
+  of the corresponding Administered Objects (as defined above), in a manner
+  that is independent of the access method by which these operations are
+  requested.  In general, such operations are relevant only in the context
+  of a particular Administered Object (and will most likely be realized as
+  method calls on the corresponding Administered Object classes), so they
+  are organized based on the currently "focused" administered object.
+  The available Supported Operations are documented
+  <a href="fs-admin-opers.html">here</a>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Method Specific Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Method_Specific_Requirements"><strong>Access Method Specific Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <h5>Scriptable Web Application</h5>
+
+  <p>An appropriate subset of the administrative operations described above
+  shall be implemented as commands that can be performed by the "Manager"
+  web application.  <strong>FIXME</strong> - Enumerate them.</p>
+
+  <p>In addition, this web application shall conform to the following
+  requirements:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>All request URIs shall be protected by security constraints that
+      require a security role to be assigned for processing.</li>
+  <li>The default user database shall <strong>not</strong> contain any
+      user that has been assigned a security role.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <h5>HTML-Based Web Application</h5>
+
+  <p>The entire suite of administrative operations described above shall be
+  made available through a web application designed for human interaction.
+  In addition, this web application shall conform to the following
+  requirements:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Must be implemented using servlet, JSP, and MVC framework technologies
+      described under "External Technologies", above.</li>
+  <li>Prompts and error messages must be internationalizable to multiple
+      languages.</li>
+  <li>Rendered HTML must be compatible with Netscape Navigator (version 4.7
+      or later) and Internet Explorer (version 5.0 or later).</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Testable Assertions"><!--()--></a><a name="Testable_Assertions"><strong>Testable Assertions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Complete this section.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - Administrative Apps - Administered Objects</title><meta name="author" content="Craig McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
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+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Administrative Apps - Administered Objects</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Administered_Objects_Overview">Administered Objects Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Logger">Access Logger</a></li><li><a href="#Connector">Connector</a></li><li><a href="#Context">Context</a></li><li><a href="#Default_Context">Default Context</a></li><li><a href="#Default_Deployment_Descriptor">Default Deployment Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="#Engine">Engine</a></li><li><a href="#Environment_Entry">Environment Entry</a></li><li><a href="#Host">Host</a></li><li><a href="#JDBC_Resource">JDBC Resource</a></li><li><a href="#Loader">Loader</a></li><li><a href="#Manager">Manager</a></li><li><a href="#Realm">Realm</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Filter">Request Filter</a></li><li><a href="#Server">Server</a></li><li><a href="#Service">Service</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Administered Objects Overview"><!--()--></a><a name="Administered_Objects_Overview"><strong>Administered Objects Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This document defines the <em>Administered Objects</em> that represent
+the internal architectural components of the Catalina servlet container.
+Associated with each is a set of <a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported
+Operations</a> that can be performed when the administrative application is
+"focused" on a particular configurable object.</p>
+
+<p>The following Administered Objects are defined:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#Access Logger">Access Logger</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Connector">Connector</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Context">Context</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Default Context">Default Context</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Default Deployment Descriptor">Default Deployment Descriptor</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Engine">Engine</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Environment Entry">Environment Entry</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Host">Host</a></li>
+<li><a href="#JDBC Resource">JDBC Resource</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Loader">Loader</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Manager">Manager</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Realm">Realm</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Request Filter">Request Filter</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Server">Server</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Service">Service</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Logger"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Logger"><strong>Access Logger</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>An <em>Access Logger</em> is an optional <code>Valve</code> that can
+  create request access logs in the same formats as those provided by
+  web servers.  Such access logs are useful input to hit count and user
+  access tracking analysis programs.  An Access Logger can be attached to
+  an <em>Engine</em>, a <em>Host</em>, a <em>Context</em>, or a <em>Default
+  Context</em>.</p>
+
+  <p>The standard component implementing an <em>Access Logger</em> is
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve</code>.  It supports the
+  following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>directory</code> - Absolute or relative (to $CATALINA_BASE) path
+      of the directory into which access log files are created.
+      [logs].</li>
+  <li><code>pattern</code> - Pattern string defining the fields to be
+      included in the access log output, or "common" for the standard
+      access log pattern.  See
+      <code>org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve</code> for more
+      information.  [common]</li>
+  <li><code>prefix</code> - Prefix added to the beginning of each log file
+      name created by this access logger.</li>
+  <li><code>resolveHosts</code> - Should IP addresses be resolved to host
+      names in the log?  [false]</li>
+  <li><code>suffix</code> - Suffix added to the end of each log file name
+      created by this access logger.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Connector"><strong>Connector</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>Connector</em> is the representation of a communications endpoint
+  by which requests are received from (and responses returned to) a Tomcat
+  client.  The administrative applications shall support those connectors
+  that are commonly utilized in Tomcat installations, as described in detail
+  below.</p>
+
+  <p>For standalone use, the standard connector supporting the HTTP/1.1
+  protocol is <code>org.apache.catalina.connectors.http.HttpConnector</code>.
+  It supports the following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>acceptCount</code> - The maximum queue length of incoming
+      connections that have not yet been accepted.  [10]</li>
+  <li><code>address</code> - For servers with more than one IP address, the
+      address upon which this connector should listen.  [All Addresses]</li>
+  <li><code>bufferSize</code> - Default input buffer size (in bytes) for
+      requests created by this Connector.  [2048]</li>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>enableLookups</code> - Should we perform DNS lookups on remote
+      IP addresses when <code>request.getRemoteHost()</code> is called?
+      [false]</li>
+  <li><code>maxProcessors</code> - The maximum number of processor threads
+      supported by this connector.  [20]</li>
+  <li><code>minProcessors</code> - The minimum number of processor threads
+      to be created at container startup.  [5]</li>
+  <li><code>port</code> - TCP/IP port number on which this Connector should
+      listen for incoming requests. [8080]</li>
+  <li><code>proxyName</code> - Host name to be returned when an application
+      calls <code>request.getServerName()</code>.  [Value of Host: header]</li>
+  <li><code>proxyPort</code> - Port number to be returned when an application
+      calls <code>request.getServerPort()</code>.  [Same as <code>port</code>]
+      </li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context"><strong>Context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>Context</em> is the representation of an individual web application,
+  which is associated with a corresponding <em>Host</em>.  Note that the
+  administrable properties of a <em>Context</em> do <strong>not</strong>
+  include any settings from inside the web application deployment descriptor
+  for that application.</p>
+
+  <p>The standard component implementing a <em>Context</em> is
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext</code>.  It supports the
+  following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>cookies</code> - Should be use cookies for session identifier
+      communication?  [true]</li>
+  <li><code>crossContext</code> - Should calls to
+      <code>ServletContext.getServletContext()</code> return the actual
+      context responsible for the specified path?  [false]</li>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>docBase</code> - The absolute or relative (to the
+      <code>appBase</code> of our owning <em>Host</em>) pathname of a
+      directory containing an unpacked web application, or of a web
+      application archive (WAR) file.</li>
+  <li><code>override</code> - Should settings in this <em>Context</em>
+      override corresponding settings in the <em>Default Context</em>?
+      [false]</li>
+  <li><code>path</code> - Context path for this web application, or an empty
+      string for the root application of a <em>Host</em>.  [Inferred from
+      directory or WAR file name]</li>
+  <li><code>reloadable</code> - Should Tomcat monitor classes in the
+      <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> directory for changes, and reload the
+      application if they occur?  [false]</li>
+  <li><code>useNaming</code> - Should Tomcat provide a JNDI naming context,
+      containing preconfigured entries and resources, corresponding to the
+      requirements of the Java2 Enterprise Edition specification?  [true]</li>
+  <li><code>workDir</code> - Absolute pathname of a scratch directory that is
+      provided to this web application.  [Automatically assigned relative to
+      $CATALINA_BASE/work]</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Each <em>Context</em> is owned by a parent <em>Host</em>, and is
+  associated with:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>An optional <em>Access Logger</em> that logs all requests processed
+      by this web application.</li>
+  <li>Zero or more <em>Environment Entries</em> representing environment
+      entries for the JNDI naming context associated with a web
+      application.</li>
+  <li>Zero or more <em>JDBC Resources</em> representing database connection
+      pools associated with a web application.</li>
+  <li>A <em>Loader</em> representing the web application class loader used
+      by this web application.</li>
+  <li>A <em>Manager</em> representing the session manager used by this
+      web application.</li>
+  <li>An optional <em>Realm</em> used to provide authentication and access
+      control information for this web application.</li>
+  <li>Zero or more <em>Request Filters</em> used to limit access to this
+      web application based on remote host name or IP address.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Default Context"><!--()--></a><a name="Default_Context"><strong>Default Context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>Default Context</em> represents a subset of the configurable
+  properties of a <em>Context</em>, and is used to set defaults for those
+  properties when web applications are automatically deployed.  A <em>Default
+  Context</em> object can be associated with an <em>Engine</em> or a
+  <em>Host</em>.  The following configurable properties are supported:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>cookies</code> - Should be use cookies for session identifier
+      communication?  [true]</li>
+  <li><code>crossContext</code> - Should calls to
+      <code>ServletContext.getServletContext()</code> return the actual
+      context responsible for the specified path?  [false]</li>
+  <li><code>reloadable</code> - Should Tomcat monitor classes in the
+      <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> directory for changes, and reload the
+      application if they occur?  [false]</li>
+  <li><code>useNaming</code> - Should Tomcat provide a JNDI naming context,
+      containing preconfigured entries and resources, corresponding to the
+      requirements of the Java2 Enterprise Edition specification?  [true]</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Each <em>Default Context</em> is owned by a parent <em>Engine</em> or
+  <em>Host</em>, and is associated with:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Zero or more <em>Environment Entries</em> representing environment
+      entries for the JNDI naming context associated with a web
+      application.</li>
+  <li>Zero or more <em>JDBC Resources</em> representing database connection
+      pools associated with a web application.</li>
+  <li>An optional <em>Loader</em> representing default configuration
+      properties for the Loader component of deployed web applications.</li>
+  <li>An optional <em>Manager</em> representing default configuration
+      properties for the Manager component of deployed web applications.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Default Deployment Descriptor"><!--()--></a><a name="Default_Deployment_Descriptor"><strong>Default Deployment Descriptor</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Default web application characteristics are configured in a special
+  deployment descriptor named <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>.  This
+  section describes the configurable components that may be stored there.</p>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Complete the description of default servlets,
+  default mappings, default MIME types, and so on.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Engine"><strong>Engine</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>An <em>Engine</em> is the representation of the entire Catalina
+  servlet container, and processes all requests for all of the associated
+  virtual hosts and web applications.</p>
+
+  <p>The standard component implementing an <em>Engine</em> is
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine</code>.  It supports the
+  following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>defaultHost</code> - Name of the <em>Host</em> to which requests
+      will be directed if the requested host is unknown.  [localhost]</li>
+  <li><code>name</code> - Logical name of this engine. [Tomcat Stand-Alone]
+      </li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Each <em>Engine</em> is owned by a parent <em>Service</em>, and is
+  associated with:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>An optional <em>Access Logger</em> that logs all requests processed
+      by the entire container.</li>
+  <li>A <em>Default Context</em>, representing default properties of a
+      <em>Context</em> for automatically deployed applications for all
+      associated <em>Hosts</em> (unless overridden by a subordinate
+      component).</li>
+  <li>One or more <em>Hosts</em> representing individual virtual hosts
+      supported by this container.</li>
+  <li>A <em>Realm</em> used to provide authentication and access control
+      information for all virtual hosts and web applications (unless
+      overridden by a subordinate component).</li>
+  <li>Zero or more <em>Request Filters</em> used to limit access to the
+      entire container based on remote host name or IP address.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environment Entry"><!--()--></a><a name="Environment_Entry"><strong>Environment Entry</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>An <em>Environment Entry</em> is the representation of a
+  <code>&lt;env-entry&gt;</code> element from a web application deployment
+  descriptor.  It will cause the creation of a corresponding entry in the
+  JNDI naming context provided to the corresponding <em>Context</em>.  The
+  following configurable properties are supported:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>description</code> - Description of this environment entry.</li>
+  <li><code>name</code> - Environment entry name (relative to the
+      <code>java:comp/env</code> context)</li>
+  <li><code>type</code> - Environment entry type (must be one of the fully
+      qualified Java classes listed in the servlet spec).</li>
+  <li><code>value</code> - Environment entry value (must be convertible from
+      String to the specified <code>type</code>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Host"><strong>Host</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>Host</em> is the representation of an individual virtual host,
+  which has a unique set of associated web applications.</p>
+
+  <p>The standard component implementing a <em>Host</em> is
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost</code>.  It supports the
+  following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>aliases</code> - Zero or more DNS names that are also associated
+      with this host (for example, a particular host might be named
+      <code>www.mycompany.com</code> with an alias <code>company.com</code>).
+      </li>
+  <li><code>appBase</code> - Absolute or relative (to $CATALINA_BASE) path
+      to a directory from which web applications will be automatically
+      deployed.</li>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>name</code> - DNS Name of the virtual host represented by this
+      object.</li>
+  <li><code>unpackWARs</code> - Should web application archive files
+      deployed by this virtual host be unpacked first?  [true]</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Each <em>Host</em> is owned by a parent <em>Engine</em>, and is
+  associated with:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>An optional <em>Access Logger</em> that logs all requests processed
+      by this virtual host.</li>
+  <li>One or more <em>Contexts</em> representing the web applications
+      operating on this <em>Host</em>.</li>
+  <li>A <em>Default Context</em> representing default <em>Context</em>
+      properties for web applications that are automatically deployed
+      by this <em>Host</em>.</li>
+  <li>A optional <em>Realm</em> used to provide authentication and access
+      control information for all web applications associated with this
+      virtual host (unless overridden by a subordinate component).</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Should we support configuration of the
+  User Web Applications functionality?</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JDBC Resource"><!--()--></a><a name="JDBC_Resource"><strong>JDBC Resource</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>JDBC Resources</em> represents a database connection pool (i.e.
+  an implementation of <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> that will be
+  configured and made available in the JNDI naming context associated with
+  a web application.</p>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - properties of this administered object</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Loader"><strong>Loader</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>Loader</em> represents a web application class loader that will
+  be utilized to provide class loading services for a particular
+  <em>Context</em>.</p>
+
+  <p>The standard component implementing a <em>Loader</em> is
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardLoader</code>.  It supports
+  the following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>checkInterval</code> - Number of seconds between checks for
+      modified classes, if automatic reloading is enabled.  [15]</li>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>reloadable</code> - Should this class loader check for modified
+      classes and initiate automatic reloads?  [Set automatically from the
+      <code>reloadable</code> property of the corresponding <em>Context</em>]
+      </li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Each <em>Loader</em> is owned by a parent <em>Context</em>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Manager"><strong>Manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>Manager</em> represents a session manager that will be associated
+  with a particular web application.  <strong>FIXME</strong> - Add support
+  for advanced session managers and their associated Stores.</p>
+
+  <p>The standard component implementing a <em>Manager</em> is
+  <code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code>.  It supports
+  the following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>checkInterval</code> - Number of seconds between checks for
+      expired sessions.  [60]</li>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>entropy</code> - String initialization parameter used to increase
+      the entropy (initial randomness) of the random number generator used to
+      create session identifiers.  [Inferred from engine, host, and context]
+      </li>
+  <li><code>maxActiveSessions</code> - The maximum number of active sessions
+      that are allowed, or -1 for no limit.  [-1]</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Each <em>Manager</em> is owned by a parent <em>Context</em>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Realm"><strong>Realm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>A <em>Realm</em> represents a "database" of information about authorized
+  users, their passwords, and the security roles assigned to them.  This will
+  be used by the container in the implementation of container-managed security
+  in accordance with the Servlet Specification.  Several alternative
+  implementations are supported.</p>
+
+  <p><code>org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm</code> initializes its user
+  information from a simple XML file at startup time.  If changes are made
+  to the information in this file, the corresponding web applications using
+  it must be restarted for the changes to take effect.  It supports the
+  following configurable properties:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>pathname</code> - Absolute or relative (to $CATALINA_BASE) path to
+      the XML file containing our user information.  [conf/tomcat-users.xml]
+      </li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p><code>org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm</code> uses a relational
+  database (accessed via JDBC APIs) to contain the user information.  Changes
+  in the contents of this database take effect immediately; however, the roles
+  assigned to a particular user are calculated only when the user initially
+  logs on (and not per request).  The following configurable properties
+  are supported:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><code>connectionName</code> - Database username to use when establishing
+      a JDBC connection.</li>
+  <li><code>connectionPassword</code> - Database password to use when
+      establishing a JDBC connection.</li>
+  <li><code>connectionURL</code> - Connection URL to use when establishing
+      a JDBC connection.</li>
+  <li><code>debug</code> - Debugging detail level.  [0]</li>
+  <li><code>digest</code> - Name of the <code>MessageDigest</code> algorithm
+      used to encode passwords in the database, or a zero-length string for
+      no encoding.  [Zero-length String]</li>
+  <li><code>driverName</code> - Fully qualified Java class name of the JDBC
+      driver to be utilized.</li>
+  <li><code>roleNameCol</code> - Name of the column, in the User Roles table,
+      which contains the role name.</li>
+  <li><code>userCredCol</code> - Name of the column, in the Users table,
+      which contains the password (encrypted or unencrypted).</li>
+  <li><code>userNameCol</code> - Name of the column, in both the Users and
+      User Roles tables, that contains the username.</li>
+  <li><code>userRoleTable</code> - Name of the User Roles table, which contains
+      one row per security role assigned to a particular user.  This table must
+      contain the columns specified by the <code>userNameCol</code> and
+      <code>roleNameCol</code> properties.</li>
+  <li><code>userTable</code> - Name of the Users table, which contains one row
+      per authorized user.  This table must contain the columns specified by
+      the <code>userNameCol</code> and <code>userCredCol</code> properties.
+      </li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - Should we provide mechanisms to edit the contents
+  of a "tomcat-users.xml" file through the admin applications?</p>
+
+  <p>Each <em>Realm</em> is owned by a parent <em>Engine</em>, <em>Host</em>,
+  or <em>Context</em>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Filter"><strong>Request Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - complete this entry</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server"><strong>Server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - complete this entry</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Service"><strong>Service</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p><strong>FIXME</strong> - complete this entry</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - Administrative Apps - Supported Operations</title><meta name="author" content="Craig McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
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+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
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+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Administrative Apps - Supported Operations</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Supported_Operations_Overview">Supported Operations Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Access_Logger">Access Logger</a></li><li><a href="#Connector">Connector</a></li><li><a href="#Context">Context</a></li><li><a href="#Default_Context">Default Context</a></li><li><a href="#Engine">Engine</a></li><li><a href="#Environment_Entry">Environment Entry</a></li><li><a href="#Host">Host</a></li><li><a href="#JDBC_Resource">JDBC Resource</a></li><li><a href="#Loader">Loader</a></li><li><a href="#Manager">Manager</a></li><li><a href="#Realm">Realm</a></li><li><a href="#Request_Filter">Request Filter</a></li><li><a href="#Server">Server</a></li><li><a href="#Service">Service</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Supported Operations Overview"><!--()--></a><a name="Supported_Operations_Overview"><strong>Supported Operations Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This document defines the <em>Supported Operations</em> that may
+be performed against the <a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered
+Objects</a> that are supported by Tomcat administrative applications.
+Not all operations are required to be available through every administrative
+application that is implemented.  However, if a given operation is available,
+it should operate consistently with the descriptions found here.</p>
+
+<p>Supported Operations are described for the following Administered
+Objects:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#Access Logger">Access Logger</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Connector">Connector</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Context">Context</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Default Context">Default Context</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Engine">Engine</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Environment Entry">Environment Entry</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Host">Host</a></li>
+<li><a href="#JDBC Resource">JDBC Resource</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Loader">Loader</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Manager">Manager</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Realm">Realm</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Request Filter">Request Filter</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Server">Server</a></li>
+<li><a href="#Service">Service</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access Logger"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_Logger"><strong>Access Logger</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Access Logger</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Engine</em>, <em>Host</em>, or
+      <em>Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Connector"><strong>Connector</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Connector</em>, it shall be
+  possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Service</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context"><strong>Context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Context</em>, it shall be
+  possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Host</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Access Logger</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Access
+      Logger</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Access Logger</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Environment Entry</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an associated
+      <em>Environment Entry</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Environment Entry</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>JDBC Resource</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an associated
+      <em>JDBC Resource</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>JDBC Resource</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Loader</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Loader</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Loader</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Manager</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Manager</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Manager</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Realm</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Realm</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Realm</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Request Filter</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an
+      associated <em>Request Filter</em></li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Request Filter</em>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Default Context"><!--()--></a><a name="Default_Context"><strong>Default Context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Default Context</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Engine</em> or <em>Host</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Environment Entry</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an associated
+      <em>Environment Entry</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Environment Entry</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>JDBC Resource</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an associated
+      <em>JDBC Resource</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>JDBC Resource</em>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Engine"><strong>Engine</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Engine</em>, it shall be
+  possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Service</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Access Logger</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Access
+      Logger</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Access Logger</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Default Context</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Default
+      Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Default Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Host</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an
+      associated <em>Host</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Host</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Realm</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Realm</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Realm</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Request Filter</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an
+      associated <em>Request Filter</em></li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Request Filter</em>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environment Entry"><!--()--></a><a name="Environment_Entry"><strong>Environment Entry</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Environment Entry</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Context</em> or <em>Default Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Host"><strong>Host</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Host</em>, it shall be
+  possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Engine</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Access Logger</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Access
+      Logger</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Access Logger</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Context</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an associated
+      <em>Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Default Context</em> associated
+      with this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Default
+      Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Default Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Realm</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Realm</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Realm</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Request Filter</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an
+      associated <em>Request Filter</em></li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Request Filter</em>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JDBC Resource"><!--()--></a><a name="JDBC_Resource"><strong>JDBC Resource</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>JDBC Resource</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Context</em> or <em>Default Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Loader"><strong>Loader</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Loader</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Manager"><strong>Manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Manager</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Realm"><strong>Realm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Realm</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Engine</em>, <em>Host</em>, or
+      <em>Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Request Filter"><!--()--></a><a name="Request_Filter"><strong>Request Filter</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Request Filter</em>, it shall
+  be possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Engine</em>, <em>Host</em>, or
+      <em>Context</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server"><strong>Server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of the overall <em>Server</em>, it shall be
+  possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Service</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an associated
+      <em>Service</em>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Service"><strong>Service</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>From the perspective of a particular <em>Service</em>, it shall be
+  possible to perform the following administrative operations:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Navigate to the owning <em>Server</em>.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of this object.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Connector</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Select and edit the configurable properties of an associated
+      <em>Connector</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove an associated <em>Connector</em>.</li>
+  <li>Create and configure a new <em>Engine</em> associated with
+      this object.</li>
+  <li>Edit the configurable properties of the associated <em>Engine</em>.</li>
+  <li>Remove the associated <em>Engine</em>.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - Default Servlet</title><meta name="author" content="Craig McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Default Servlet</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a><ol><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#External_Specifications">External Specifications</a></li><li><a href="#Implementation_Requirements">Implementation Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Dependencies">Dependencies</a><ol><li><a href="#Environmental_Dependencies">Environmental Dependencies</a></li><li><a href="#Container_Dependencies">Container Dependencies</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Functionality">Functionality</a><ol><li><a href="#Initialization_Functionality">Initialization Functionality</a></li><li><a href="#Per-Request_Functionality">Per-Request Functionality</a></li><li><a href="#Finalization_Functionality">Finalization Functionality</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Testable_Assertions">Testable Assertions</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The purpose of the <strong>Default Servlet</strong> is to serve
+    static resources of a web application in response to client requests.
+    As the name implies, it is generally configured as the "default"
+    servlet for a web application, by being mapped to a URL pattern "/".</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="External Specifications"><!--()--></a><a name="External_Specifications"><strong>External Specifications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following external specifications have provisions which
+    partially define the correct behavior of the default servlet:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/download.html">
+        Servlet Specification</a> (Version 2.3 PFD2)</li>
+    <li><a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt">Multipurpose
+        Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types</a></li>
+    <li><a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">Hypertext
+        Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1</a></li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Implementation Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Implementation_Requirements"><strong>Implementation Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality shall conform to the
+    following requirements:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Must be implemented as a servlet.</li>
+    <li>Must support configurable parameters for debugging detail level,
+        input buffer size, output buffer size, whether or not to produce
+        directory listings when no welcome file is present, and whether or not
+        modifications are supported via DELETE and PUT.</li>
+    <li>Log debugging and operational messages (suitably internationalized)
+        via the <code>getServletContext().log()</code> method.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Dependencies"><strong>Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environmental Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Environmental_Dependencies"><strong>Environmental Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following environmental dependencies must be met in order for
+    the default servlet to operate correctly:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The default servlet must be registered in the application deployment
+        descriptor (or the default deployment descriptor in file
+        <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>) using a "default servlet"
+        servlet mapping, signified by URL pattern "/".</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Container Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Container_Dependencies"><strong>Container Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Correct operation of the default servlet depends on the following
+    specific features of the surrounding container:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The container shall provide a servlet context attribute that
+        lists the welcome file names that have been defined for this
+        web application.</li>
+    <li>The container shall provide a servlet context attribute that
+        contains a <code>javax.naming.directory.DirContext</code>
+        implementation representing the static resources of this
+        web application.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Functionality"><strong>Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Initialization Functionality"><!--()--></a><a name="Initialization_Functionality"><strong>Initialization Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>init()</code>
+    method of the default servlet is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Process and sanity check configuration parameters.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Per-Request Functionality"><!--()--></a><a name="Per-Request_Functionality"><strong>Per-Request Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+    <p>For all HTTP request methods, the resource path is determined from
+    the path information provided to this request, either as request attribute
+    <code>javax.servlet.include.path_info</code> (for a request dispatcher
+    access to a static resource) or by calling
+    <code>request.getPathInfo()</code> directly.</p>
+
+    <p>On each HTTP DELETE request processed by this servlet, the following
+    processing shall be performed:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>If modifications to the static resources are not allowed (set by a
+        configuration parameter), return HTTP status 403 (forbidden).</li>
+    <li>If an attempt is made to delete a resource from <code>/META-INF</code>
+        or <code>/WEB-INF</code>, return HTTP status 403 (forbidden).</li>
+    <li>If the requested resource does not exist, return HTTP status 404
+        (not found)</li>
+    <li>Unbind the resource from the directory context containing the
+        static resources for this web application.  If successful, return
+        HTTP status 204 (no content).  Otherwise, return HTTP status 405
+        (method not allowed).</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <p>On each HTTP GET request processed by this servlet, the following
+    processing shall be performed:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>If the request is for a resource under <code>/META-INF</code> or
+        <code>/WEB-INF</code>, return HTTP status 404 (not found).</li>
+    <li>If the requested resource does not exist, return HTTP status 404
+        (not found).</li>
+    <li>If the requested resource is not a directory, but the resource
+        path ends in "/" or "\", return HTTP status 404 (not found).</li>
+    <li>If the requested resource is a directory:
+        <ul>
+        <li>If the request path does not end with "/", redirect to a
+            corresponding path with "/" appended so that relative references
+            in welcome files are resolved correctly.</li>
+        <li>If one of the specified welcome files exists, redirect to the
+            path for that welcome file so that it will be served explicitly.
+            </li>
+        </ul></li>
+    <li>If the request being processed contains an <code>If-Range</code>
+        header, perform the processing described in the HTTP/1.1 specification
+        to determine whether the client's information is up to date.</li>
+    <li>Determine the content type of the response, by looking up the
+        corresponding MIME type in our servlet context.</li>
+    <li>If the requested resource is a directory:
+        <ul>
+        <li>If directory listings are suppressed, return HTTP status 404
+            (not found).</li>
+        <li>Set the content type to <code>text/html</code>.</li>
+        </ul></li>
+    <li>Determine the range(s) to be returned, based on the existence of
+        any <code>If-Range</code> and <code>Range</code> headers.</li>
+    <li>If the requested resource is a directory, include an <code>ETag</code>
+        header in the response, with the value calculated based on the content
+        of the directory.</li>
+    <li>Include a <code>Last-Modified</code> header in the response documenting
+        the date/time that the resource was last modified.</li>
+    <li>Unless we are processing a HEAD request, include the appropriate
+        content (or content ranges) in the response.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>On each HTTP HEAD request processed by this servlet, the following
+    processing shall be performed:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Processed identically to an HTTP GET request, except that the data
+        content is not transmitted after the headers.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>On each HTTP POST request processed by this servlet, the following
+    processing shall be performed:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Processed identically to an HTTP GET request.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <p>On each HTTP PUT request processed by this servlet, the following
+    processing shall be performed:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>If modifications to the static resources are not allowed (set by a
+        configuration parameter), return HTTP status 403 (forbidden).</li>
+    <li>If an attempt is made to delete a resource from <code>/META-INF</code>
+        or <code>/WEB-INF</code>, return HTTP status 403 (forbidden).</li>
+    <li>Create a new resource from the body of this request.</li>
+    <li>Bind or rebind the specified path to the new resource (depending on
+        whether it currently exists or not).  Return HTTP status as follows:
+        <ul>
+        <li>If binding was unsuccessful, return HTTP status 409 (conflict).
+            </li>
+        <li>If binding was successful and the resource did not previously
+            exist, return HTTP status 201 (created).</li>
+        <li>If binding was successful and the resource previously existed,
+            return HTTP status 204 (no content).</li>
+        </ul></li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Finalization Functionality"><!--()--></a><a name="Finalization_Functionality"><strong>Finalization Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>No specific processing is required when the <code>destroy()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Testable Assertions"><!--()--></a><a name="Testable_Assertions"><strong>Testable Assertions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>In addition the the assertions implied by the functionality requirements
+  listed above, the following additional assertions shall be tested to
+  validate the behavior of the default servlet:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Requests for resources that do not exist in the web application must
+      return HTTP status 404 (not found).</li>
+  <li>The default servlet must operate identically for web applications that
+      are run out of a WAR file directly, or from an unpacked directory
+      structure.</li>
+  <li>If the web application is running out of an unpacked directory
+      structure, the default servlet must recognize cases where the resource
+      has been updated through external means.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - JDBCRealm</title><meta name="author" content="Craig McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
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+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>JDBCRealm</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a><ol><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#External_Specifications">External Specifications</a></li><li><a href="#Implementation_Requirements">Implementation Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Dependencies">Dependencies</a><ol><li><a href="#Environmental_Dependencies">Environmental Dependencies</a></li><li><a href="#Container_Dependencies">Container Dependencies</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Functionality">Functionality</a><ol><li><a href="#Overview_of_Operation">Overview of Operation</a></li><li><a href="#Detailed_Functional_Requirements">Detailed Functional Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Testable_Assertions">Testable Assertions</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The purpose of the <strong>JDBCRealm</strong> implementation is to
+    provide a mechanism by which Tomcat can acquire information needed
+    to authenticate web application users, and define their security roles,
+    from a relational database accessed via JDBC APIs.  For integration
+    with Catalina, the resulting class(es) must implement the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code> interface.</p>
+
+    <p>This specification reflects a combination of functionality that is
+    already present in the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm</code>
+    class, as well as requirements for enhancements that have been
+    discussed.  Where appropriate, requirements statements are marked
+    <em>[Current]</em> and <em>[Requested]</em> to distinguish them.</p>
+
+    <p>The current status of this functional specification is
+    <strong>PROPOSED</strong>.  It has not yet been discussed and
+    agreed to on the TOMCAT-DEV mailing list.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="External Specifications"><!--()--></a><a name="External_Specifications"><strong>External Specifications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality depends on the following
+    external specifications:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/">Java Database
+        Connectivity</a> (version 2.0 or later)</li>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/">Java Database
+        Connectivity Optional Package</a> (version 2.0 or later)</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Implementation Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Implementation_Requirements"><strong>Implementation Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality shall conform to the
+    following requirements:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Be realized in one or more implementation classes.</li>
+    <li>Implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code> interface.
+        [Current]</li>
+    <li>Implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle</code>
+        interface.  [Current]</li>
+    <li>Subclass the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase</code>
+        base class.</li>
+    <li>Live in the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm</code> package.
+        [Current]</li>
+    <li>Support a configurable debugging detail level. [Current]</li>
+    <li>Log debugging and operational messages (suitably internationalized)
+        via the <code>getContainer().log()</code> method. [Current]</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Dependencies"><strong>Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environmental Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Environmental_Dependencies"><strong>Environmental Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following environmental dependencies must be met in order for
+    JDBCRealm to operate correctly:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The desire to utilize JDBCRealm must be registered in
+        <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>, in a
+        <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element that is nested inside a
+        corresponding <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code>,
+        or <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> element.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Container Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Container_Dependencies"><strong>Container Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Correct operation of JDBCRealm depends on the following
+    specific features of the surrounding container:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Interactions with <code>JDBCRealm</code> will be initiated by
+        the appropriate <code>Authenticator</code> implementation, based
+        on the login method that is selected.</li>
+    <li><code>JDBCRealm</code> must have the JDBC standard API classes
+        available to it.  For a JDK 1.2 or later container, these APIs
+        are included in the standard platform.</li>
+    <li>When connection pooling is implemented, <code>JDBCRealm</code>
+        must have the JDBC Optional Package (version 2.0 or later) APIs
+        available to it.  This library is available as a separate
+        download (and will be included in Tomcat binary distributions).</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Functionality"><strong>Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview of Operation"><!--()--></a><a name="Overview_of_Operation"><strong>Overview of Operation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The main purpose of <code>JDBCRealm</code> is to allow Catalina to
+    authenticate users, and look up the corresponding security roles, from
+    the information found in a relational database accessed via JDBC APIs.
+    For maximum flexibility, the details of how this is done (for example,
+    the names of the required tables and columns) should be configurable.</p>
+
+    <p>Each time that Catalina needs to authenticate a user, it will call
+    the <code>authenticate()</code> method of this Realm implementation,
+    passing the username and password that were specified by the user.  If
+    we find the user in the database (and match on the password), we accumulate
+    all of the security roles that are defined for this user, and create a
+    new <code>GenericPrincipal</code> object to be returned.  If the user
+    is not authenticated, we return <code>null</code> instead.  The
+    <code>GenericUser</code> object caches the set of security roles that
+    were owned by this user at the time of authentication, so that calls to
+    <code>isUserInRole()</code> can be answered without going back to the
+    database every time.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Detailed Functional Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Detailed_Functional_Requirements"><strong>Detailed Functional Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+    <h3>Configurable Properties</h3>
+
+    <p>The implementation shall support the following properties
+    that can be configured with JavaBeans property setters:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Configuration parameters defining the JDBC driver to use, the
+        database connection URL to be accessed, and the username/password
+        to use for logging in. [Current]</li>
+    <li>Configuration parameters describing the connection pool to be
+        created to support simultaneous authentications. [Requested]</li>
+    <li>Name of the tables to be searched for users and roles. [Current]</li>
+    <li>Name of the columns to be used for usernames, passwords, and
+        role names.  [Current]</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <h3>Lifecycle Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>start()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Establish a connection to the configured database, using the
+        configured username and password.  [Current]</li>
+    <li>Configure and establish a connection pool of connections to the
+        database.  [Requested]</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>stop()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Close any opened connections to the database.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method authenticate() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>authenticate()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Acquire the one and only connection [Current] or acquire a connection
+        from the connection pool [Requested].</li>
+    <li>Select the one and only row from the user's table for this user,
+        and retrieve the corresponding password column.  If zero rows (or
+        more than one row) are found, return <code>null</code>.</li>
+    <li>Authenticate the user by comparing the (possibly encrypted) password
+        value that was received against the password presented by the user.
+        If there is no match, return <code>null</code>.</li>
+    <li>Acquire a <code>List</code> of the security roles assigned to the
+        authenticated user by selecting from the roles table.</li>
+    <li>Construct a new instance of class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code>, passing as
+        constructor arguments:  this realm instance, the authenticated
+        username, and a <code>List</code> of the security roles associated
+        with this user.</li>
+    <li><strong>WARNING</strong> - Do not attempt to cache and reuse previous
+        <code>GenericPrincipal</code> objects for a particular user, because
+        the information in the directory server might have changed since the
+        last time this user was authenticated.</li>
+    <li>Return the newly constructed <code>GenericPrincipal</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method hasRole() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>hasRole()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The <code>principal</code> that is passed as an argument SHOULD
+        be one that we returned (instanceof class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code>, with a
+        <code>realm</code> property that is equal to our instance.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> meets these criteria, check
+        the specified role against the list returned by
+        <code>getRoles()</code>, and return <code>true</code> if the
+        specified role is included; otherwise, return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> does not meet these criteria,
+        return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Testable Assertions"><!--()--></a><a name="Testable_Assertions"><strong>Testable Assertions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>In addition the the assertions implied by the functionality requirements
+  listed above, the following additional assertions shall be tested to
+  validate the behavior of <code>JDBCRealm</code>:</p>
+  <ul>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - JNDIRealm</title><meta name="author" content="Craig McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>JNDIRealm</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a><ol><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#External_Specifications">External Specifications</a></li><li><a href="#Implementation_Requirements">Implementation Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Dependencies">Dependencies</a><ol><li><a href="#Environmental_Dependencies">Environmental Dependencies</a></li><li><a href="#Container_Dependencies">Container Dependencies</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Functionality">Functionality</a><ol><li><a href="#Operational_Modes">Operational Modes</a></li><li><a href="#Administrator_Login_Mode_Functionality">Administrator Login Mode Functionality</a></li><li><a href="#Username_Login_Mode_Functionality">Username Login Mode Functionality</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Testable_Assertions">Testable Assertions</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The purpose of the <strong>JNDIRealm</strong> implementation is to
+    provide a mechanism by which Tomcat can acquire information needed
+    to authenticate web application users, and define their security roles,
+    from a directory server or other service accessed via JNDI APIs.  For
+    integration with Catalina, this class must implement the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code> interface.</p>
+
+    <p>This specification reflects a combination of functionality that is
+    already present in the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm</code>
+    class, as well as requirements for enhancements that have been
+    discussed.  Where appropriate, requirements statements are marked
+    <em>[Current]</em> and <em>[Requested]</em> to distinguish them.</p>
+
+    <p>The current status of this functional specification is
+    <strong>PROPOSED</strong>.  It has not yet been discussed and
+    agreed to on the TOMCAT-DEV mailing list.</p>
+
+    <p>The code in the current version of <code>JNDIRealm</code>, and the
+    ideas expressed in this functional specification, are the results of
+    contributions from many individuals, including (alphabetically):</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Holman, John &lt;j.g.holman@qmw.ac.uk&gt;</li>
+    <li>Lockhart, Ellen &lt;elockhart@home.com&gt;</li>
+    <li>McClanahan, Craig &lt;craigmcc@apache.org&gt;</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="External Specifications"><!--()--></a><a name="External_Specifications"><strong>External Specifications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality depends on the following
+    external specifications:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jndi/">Java Naming and
+        Directory Interface</a> (version 1.2.1 or later)</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Implementation Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Implementation_Requirements"><strong>Implementation Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality shall conform to the
+    following requirements:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Be realized in one or more implementation classes.</li>
+    <li>Implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code> interface.
+        [Current]</li>
+    <li>Implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle</code>
+        interface.  [Current]</li>
+    <li>Subclass the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase</code>
+        base class.</li>
+    <li>Live in the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm</code> package.
+        [Current]</li>
+    <li>Support a configurable debugging detail level. [Current]</li>
+    <li>Log debugging and operational messages (suitably internationalized)
+        via the <code>getContainer().log()</code> method. [Current]</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Dependencies"><strong>Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environmental Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Environmental_Dependencies"><strong>Environmental Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following environmental dependencies must be met in order for
+    JNDIRealm to operate correctly:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The desire to utilize JNDIRealm must be registered in
+        <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>, in a
+        <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element that is nested inside a
+        corresponding <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code>,
+        or <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> element.</li>
+    <li>If the <em>Administrator Login</em> operational mode is selected,
+        the configured administrator username and password must be configured
+        in the corresponding directory server.</li>
+    <li>If the <em>Username Login</em> operational mode is selected,
+        the corresponding directory server must be configured to accept
+        logins with the username and password that will be passed to
+        <code>JNDIRealm</code> by the appropriate <code>Authenticator</code>.
+        </li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Container Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Container_Dependencies"><strong>Container Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Correct operation of JNDIRealm depends on the following
+    specific features of the surrounding container:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Interactions with <code>JNDIRealm</code> will be initiated by
+        the appropriate <code>Authenticator</code> implementation, based
+        on the login method that is selected.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Functionality"><strong>Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Operational Modes"><!--()--></a><a name="Operational_Modes"><strong>Operational Modes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The completed <code>JNDIRealm</code> must support two major operational
+    modes in order to support all of the required use cases.  For the purposes
+    of this document, the modes are called <em>administrator login</em> and
+    <em>Username Login</em>.  They are described further in the following
+    paragraphs.</p>
+
+    <p>For <em>Administrator Login</em> mode, <code>JNDIRealm</code> will be
+    configured to establish one or more connections (using a connection pool)
+    to an appropriate directory server, using JNDI APIs, under a "system
+    administrator" username and password.  This is similar to the approach
+    normally used to configure <code>JDBCRealm</code> to access authentication
+    and access control information in a database.  It is assumed that the
+    system administrator username and password that are configured provide
+    sufficient privileges within the directory server to read (but not modify)
+    the username, password, and assigned roles for each valid user of the
+    web application associated with this <code>Realm</code>.  The password
+    can be stored in cleartext, or in one of the digested modes supported by
+    the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase</code> base class.</p>
+
+    <p>For <em>Username Login</em> mode, <code>JNDIRealm</code> does not
+    normally remain connected to the directory server.  Instead, whenever a
+    user is to be authenticated, a connection to the directory server
+    (using the username and password received from the authenticator) is
+    attempted.  If this connection is successful, the user is assumed to be
+    successfully authenticated.  This connection is then utilized to read
+    the corresponding security roles associated with this user, and the
+    connection is then broken.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>NOTE</strong> - <em>Username Login</em> mode cannot be used
+    if you have selected login method <code>DIGEST</code> in your web
+    application deployment descriptor (<code>web.xml</code>) file.  This
+    restriction exists because the cleartext password is never available
+    to the container, so it is not possible to bind to the directory server
+    using the user's username and password.</p>
+
+    <p>Because these operational modes work so differently, the functionality
+    for each mode will be described separately.  Whether or not both modes
+    are actually supported by a single class (versus a class per mode) is
+    an implementation detail left to the designer.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>NOTE</strong> - The current implementation only implements
+    part of the <em>Administrator Lookup</em> mode requirements.  It does
+    not support the <em>Username Lookup</em> mode at all, at this point.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Administrator Login Mode Functionality"><!--()--></a><a name="Administrator_Login_Mode_Functionality"><strong>Administrator Login Mode Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+    <h3>Configurable Properties</h3>
+
+    <p>The implementation shall support the following properties
+    that can be configured with JavaBeans property setters:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><code>connectionURL</code> - URL of the directory server we will
+        be contacting.</li>
+    <li><code>contextFactory</code> - Fully qualified class name of the JNDI
+        context factory used to retrieve our InitialContext.
+        [com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory]</li>
+    <li>Additional configuration properties required to establish the
+        appropriate connection.  [Requested]</li>
+    <li>Connection pool configuration properties.  [Requested]</li>
+    <li>Configuration properties defining how a particular user is
+        authenticated.  The following capabilities should be supported:
+        <ul>
+        <li>Substitute the specified username into a string.  [Requested]</li>
+        <li>Retrieve the distinguished name (DN) of an authorized user via an
+            LDAP search string with a replacement placeholder for the
+            username, and comparison of the password to a configurable
+            attribute retrieved from the search result.  [Current]</li>
+        </ul></li>
+    <li>Configuration properties defining how the roles associated with a
+        particular authenticated user can be retrieved.  The following
+        approaches should be supported:
+        <ul>
+        <li>Retrieve a specified attribute (possibly multi-valued)
+            from an LDAP search expression,
+            with a replacement placeholder for the DN of the user.
+            [Current]</li>
+        <li>Retrieve a set of role names that are defined implicitly (by
+            selecting principals that match a search pattern) rather than
+            explicitly (by finding a particular attribute value).
+            [Requested]</li>
+        </ul></li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <h3>Lifecycle Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>start()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Establish a connection to the configured directory server, using the
+        configured system administrator username and password.  [Current]</li>
+    <li>Configure and establish a connection pool of connections to the
+        directory server.  [Requested]</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>stop()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Close any opened connections to the directory server.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method authenticate() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>authenticate()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Acquire the one and only connection [Current] or acquire a connection
+        from the connection pool [Requested].</li>
+    <li>Authenticate the user by retrieving the user's Distinguished Name,
+        based on the specified username and password.</li>
+    <li>If the user was not authenticated, release the allocated connection
+        and return <code>null</code>.</li>
+    <li>Acquire a <code>List</code> of the security roles assigned to the
+        authenticated user.</li>
+    <li>Construct a new instance of class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code>, passing as
+        constructor arguments:  this realm instance, the authenticated
+        username, and a <code>List</code> of the security roles associated
+        with this user.</li>
+    <li><strong>WARNING</strong> - Do not attempt to cache and reuse previous
+        <code>GenericPrincipal</code> objects for a particular user, because
+        the information in the directory server might have changed since the
+        last time this user was authenticated.</li>
+    <li>Return the newly constructed <code>GenericPrincipal</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method hasRole() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>hasRole()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The <code>principal</code> that is passed as an argument SHOULD
+        be one that we returned (instanceof class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code>, with a
+        <code>realm</code> property that is equal to our instance.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> meets these criteria, check
+        the specified role against the list returned by
+        <code>getRoles()</code>, and return <code>true</code> if the
+        specified role is included; otherwise, return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> does not meet these criteria,
+        return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Username Login Mode Functionality"><!--()--></a><a name="Username_Login_Mode_Functionality"><strong>Username Login Mode Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <h3>Configurable Properties</h3>
+
+    <p>The implementation shall support the following properties
+    that can be configured with JavaBeans property setters:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><code>connectionURL</code> - URL of the directory server we will
+        be contacting.</li>
+    <li><code>contextFactory</code> - Fully qualified class name of the JNDI
+        context factory used to retrieve our InitialContext.
+        [com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory]</li>
+    <li>Additional configuration properties required to establish the
+        appropriate connection.  [Requested]</li>
+    <li>Connection pool configuration properties.  [Requested]</li>
+    <li>Configuration properties defining if and how a user might be looked
+        up before binding to the directory server.  The following approaches
+        should be supported:
+        <ul>
+        <li>No previous lookup is required - username specified by the user
+            is the same as that used to authenticate to the directory
+            server.</li>
+        <li>Substitute the specified username into a string.</li>
+        <li>Search the directory server based on configured criteria to
+            retrieve the distinguished name of the user, then attempt to
+            bind with that distinguished name.</li>
+        </ul></li>
+    <li>Configuration properties defining how the roles associated with a
+        particular authenticated user can be retrieved.  The following
+        approaches should be supported:
+        <ul>
+        <li>Retrieve a specified attribute (possibly multi-valued)
+            from an LDAP search expression,
+            with a replacement placeholder for the DN of the user.
+            [Current]</li>
+        </ul></li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <h3>Lifecycle Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>start()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>None required.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>stop()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>None required.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method authenticate() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>authenticate()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Attempt to bind to the directory server, using the username and
+        password provided by the user.</li>
+    <li>If the user was not authenticated, release the allocated connection
+        and return <code>null</code>.</li>
+    <li>Acquire a <code>List</code> of the security roles assigned to the
+        authenticated user.</li>
+    <li>Construct a new instance of class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code>, passing as
+        constructor arguments:  this realm instance, the authenticated
+        username, and a <code>List</code> of the security roles associated
+        with this user.</li>
+    <li><strong>WARNING</strong> - Do not attempt to cache and reuse previous
+        <code>GenericPrincipal</code> objects for a particular user, because
+        the information in the directory server might have changed since the
+        last time this user was authenticated.</li>
+    <li>Return the newly constructed <code>GenericPrincipal</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method hasRole() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>hasRole()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The <code>principal</code> that is passed as an argument SHOULD
+        be one that we returned (instanceof class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code>, with a
+        <code>realm</code> property that is equal to our instance.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> meets these criteria, check
+        the specified role against the list returned by
+        <code>getRoles()</code>, and return <code>true</code> if the
+        specified role is included; otherwise, return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> does not meet these criteria,
+        return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Testable Assertions"><!--()--></a><a name="Testable_Assertions"><strong>Testable Assertions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>In addition the the assertions implied by the functionality requirements
+  listed above, the following additional assertions shall be tested to
+  validate the behavior of <code>JNDIRealm</code>:</p>
+  <ul>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>MemoryRealm</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a><ol><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#External_Specifications">External Specifications</a></li><li><a href="#Implementation_Requirements">Implementation Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Dependencies">Dependencies</a><ol><li><a href="#Environmental_Dependencies">Environmental Dependencies</a></li><li><a href="#Container_Dependencies">Container Dependencies</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Functionality">Functionality</a><ol><li><a href="#Overview_of_Operation">Overview of Operation</a></li><li><a href="#Detailed_Functional_Requirements">Detailed Functional Requirements</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Testable_Assertions">Testable Assertions</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The purpose of the <strong>MemoryRealm</strong> implementation is to
+    provide a mechanism by which Tomcat can acquire information needed
+    to authenticate web application users, and define their security roles,
+    from a simple text-based configuration file in XML format.  This is
+    intended to simplify the initial installation and operation of Tomcat,
+    without the complexity of configuring a database or directory server
+    based Realm.  It is not intended for production use.</p>
+
+    <p>This specification reflects a combination of functionality that is
+    already present in the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm</code>
+    class, as well as requirements for enhancements that have been
+    discussed.  Where appropriate, requirements statements are marked
+    <em>[Current]</em> and <em>[Requested]</em> to distinguish them.</p>
+
+    <p>The current status of this functional specification is
+    <strong>PROPOSED</strong>.  It has not yet been discussed and
+    agreed to on the TOMCAT-DEV mailing list.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="External Specifications"><!--()--></a><a name="External_Specifications"><strong>External Specifications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality depends on the following
+    external specifications:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>None</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Implementation Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Implementation_Requirements"><strong>Implementation Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The implementation of this functionality shall conform to the
+    following requirements:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Be realized in one or more implementation classes.</li>
+    <li>Implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code> interface.
+        [Current]</li>
+    <li>Implement the <code>org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle</code>
+        interface.  [Current]</li>
+    <li>Subclass the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase</code>
+        base class.</li>
+    <li>Live in the <code>org.apache.catalina.realm</code> package.
+        [Current]</li>
+    <li>Support a configurable debugging detail level. [Current]</li>
+    <li>Log debugging and operational messages (suitably internationalized)
+        via the <code>getContainer().log()</code> method. [Current]</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Dependencies"><strong>Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Environmental Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Environmental_Dependencies"><strong>Environmental Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The following environmental dependencies must be met in order for
+    MemoryRealm to operate correctly:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The desire to utilize MemoryRealm must be registered in
+        <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>, in a
+        <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element that is nested inside a
+        corresponding <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code>,
+        or <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> element.  (This is already
+        included in the default <code>server.xml</code> file.)</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Container Dependencies"><!--()--></a><a name="Container_Dependencies"><strong>Container Dependencies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Correct operation of MemoryRealm depends on the following
+    specific features of the surrounding container:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Interactions with <code>MemoryRealm</code> will be initiated by
+        the appropriate <code>Authenticator</code> implementation, based
+        on the login method that is selected.</li>
+    <li><code>MemoryRealm</code> must have an XML parser compatible with
+        the JAXP/1.1 APIs available to it.  This is normally accomplished
+        by placing the corresponding JAR files in directory
+        <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Functionality"><strong>Functionality</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview of Operation"><!--()--></a><a name="Overview_of_Operation"><strong>Overview of Operation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>The main purpose of <code>MemoryRealm</code> is to allow Catalina to
+    authenticate users, and look up the corresponding security roles, from
+    the information found in an XML-format configuration file.  The format
+    of this file is described below.  When a <code>MemoryRealm</code>
+    instance is started, it will read the contents of this XML file and create
+    an "in memory database" of all the valid users and their associated
+    security roles.</p>
+
+    <p>Each time that Catalina needs to authenticate a user, it will call
+    the <code>authenticate()</code> method of this Realm implementation,
+    passing the username and password that were specified by the user.  If
+    we find the user in the database (and match on the password), we accumulate
+    all of the security roles that are defined for this user, and create a
+    new <code>GenericPrincipal</code> object to be returned.  If the user
+    is not authenticated, we return <code>null</code> instead.  The
+    <code>GenericUser</code> object caches the set of security roles that
+    were owned by this user at the time of authentication, so that calls to
+    <code>isUserInRole()</code> can be answered without going back to the
+    database every time.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Detailed Functional Requirements"><!--()--></a><a name="Detailed_Functional_Requirements"><strong>Detailed Functional Requirements</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+    <h3>Configurable Properties</h3>
+
+    <p>The implementation shall support the following properties
+    that can be configured with JavaBeans property setters:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Configurable debugging detail level.</li>
+    <li>Configurable file pathname (absolute or relative to
+        <code>$CATALINA_BASE</code> of the XML file containing our
+        defined users.  [<code>conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>].</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <h3>Lifecycle Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>start()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Open and parse the specified XML file.</li>
+    <li>Create an in-memory database representation of the XML file
+        contents.</li>
+    <li><strong>NOTE</strong> - There is no requirement to recognize
+        subsequent changes to the contents of the XML file.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>The following processing must be performed when the <code>stop()</code>
+    method is called:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Release object references to the in-memory database representation.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method authenticate() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>authenticate()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>Select the one and only "user" instance from the in-memory database,
+        based on matching the specified username.  If there is no such
+        instance, return <code>null</code>.</li>
+    <li>Authenticate the user by comparing the (possibly encrypted) password
+        value that was received against the password presented by the user.
+        If there is no match, return <code>null</code>.</li>
+    <li>Construct a new instance of class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code> (if not
+        already using this as the internal database representation) that
+        contains the authenticated username and a <code>List</code> of the
+        security roles associated with this user.</li>
+    <li>Return the newly constructed <code>GenericPrincipal</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+
+    <h3>Method hasRole() Functionality</h3>
+
+    <p>When <code>hasRole()</code> is called, the following processing
+    is required:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li>The <code>principal</code> that is passed as an argument SHOULD
+        be one that we returned (instanceof class
+        <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal</code>, with a
+        <code>realm</code> property that is equal to our instance.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> meets these criteria, check
+        the specified role against the list returned by
+        <code>getRoles()</code>, and return <code>true</code> if the
+        specified role is included; otherwise, return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    <li>If the passed <code>principal</code> does not meet these criteria,
+        return <code>false</code>.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Testable Assertions"><!--()--></a><a name="Testable_Assertions"><strong>Testable Assertions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>In addition the the assertions implied by the functionality requirements
+  listed above, the following additional assertions shall be tested to
+  validate the behavior of <code>MemoryRealm</code>:</p>
+  <ul>
+  </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - Table of Contents</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Table of Contents</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Catalina Functional Specifications"><!--()--></a><a name="Catalina_Functional_Specifications"><strong>Catalina Functional Specifications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This documentation area includes <em>functional specifications</em> for
+many features supported by the <strong>Catalina</strong> servlet container
+portion of Tomcat.  In most cases, these features are not documented in the
+underlying Servlet or JSP specifications, so a definition of the expected
+correct behavior is important both to implementors of those features, and to
+test writers trying to decide what to test.</p>
+
+<p>The functional specifications are divided into the following categories
+in the menu (to the left):</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Administrative Apps</em> - Overall requirements for supporting an
+    ability to configure and operate a Tomcat installation through tools,
+    as well as detailed requirements for the tools themselves.</li>
+<li><em>Internal Servlets</em> - Requirements for Catalina features that are
+    implemented as internal, container-managed, servlets.</li>
+<li><em>Realm Implementations</em> - Requirements for the implementations of
+    the <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code> interface (providing access to
+    collections of users, passwords and roles) that are included in the
+    standard Tomcat distribution.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><em>NOTE</em> - In some cases, the contents of these functional specs has
+been "reverse engineered" from existing implementations.  This exercise is
+still useful, because it provides an introduction to <strong>what</strong>
+Catalina does, without being as concerned with <strong>how</strong> this is
+accomplished.</p>
+
+<p><strong>TODO</strong> - Obviously, this area has a long ways to go before
+it is complete.  Contributions are welcome!</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Catalina Functional Specifications (7.0.42) - Tomcat MBean Names</title><meta name="author" content="Craig McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Amy Roh"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      Catalina Functional Specifications
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="index.html">Functional Specs</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>Administrative Apps</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-admin-apps.html">Overall Requirements</a></li><li><a href="mbean-names.html">Tomcat MBean Names</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-objects.html">Administered Objects</a></li><li><a href="fs-admin-opers.html">Supported Operations</a></li></ul><p><strong>Internal Servlets</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-default.html">Default Servlet</a></li></ul><p><strong>Realm Implementations</strong></p><ul><li><a href="fs-jdbc-realm.html">JDBC Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-jndi-realm.html">JNDI Realm</a></li><li><a href="fs-memory-realm.html">Memory Realm</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Tomcat MBean Names</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Background">Background</a></li><li><a href="#Catalina_Object_Hierarchy">Catalina Object Hierarchy</a></li><li><a href="#MBean_Groups_and_Names">MBean Groups and Names</a></li><li><a href="#JSR-77_Cross_Reference">JSR-77 Cross Reference</a></li><li><a href="#JSR-88_Cross_Reference">JSR-88 Cross Reference</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Background"><strong>Background</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>We will be using <em>JMX MBeans</em> as the technology for
+    implementing manageability of Tomcat.</p>
+
+    <p>One of the key concepts of JMX (and JSR-77) is that each management
+    bean has a unique name in the MBeanServer's registry, and that
+    management applications can utilize these names to retrieve the MBean
+    of interest to them for a particular management operation.
+    This document proposes a naming convention for MBeans that allows easy
+    calculation of the name for a particular MBean.  For background
+    information on JMX MBean names, see the <em>Java Management Extensions
+    Instrumentation and Agent Specification</em>, version 1.0, section 6.
+    In particular, we will be discussing the String Representation of
+    <code>ObjectName</code> instances.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Catalina Object Hierarchy"><!--()--></a><a name="Catalina_Object_Hierarchy"><strong>Catalina Object Hierarchy</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Tomcat's servlet container implementation, called Catalina, can be
+represented as a hierarchy of objects that contain references to each other.
+The object hierarchy can be represented as a tree, or (isomorphically) based
+on the nesting of configuration elements in the <code>conf/server.xml</code>
+file that is traditionally used to configure Tomcat stand-alone.</p>
+
+<p>The valid component nestings for Catalina are depicted in the following
+table, with columns that contain the following values:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Pattern</em> - Nesting pattern of XML elements (in the
+    <code>conf/server.xml</code> file) used to configure this component.</li>
+<li><em>Cardinality</em> - Minimum and maximum number of occurrences of
+    this element at this nesting position, which also corresponds to the
+    minimum and maximum number of Catalina components.</li>
+<li><em>Identifier</em> - Name of the JavaBeans property of this component
+    that represents the unique identifier (within the nested hierarchy),
+    if any.</li>
+<li><em>MBean ObjectName</em> - The portion of the MBean object name that
+    appears <strong>after</strong> the domain name.  For now, it should be
+    assumed that all of these MBeans appear in the default JMX domain.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>In the <em>MBean ObjectName</em> descriptions, several types of symbolic
+expressions are utilized to define variable text that is replaced by
+corresponding values:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>${GROUP}</em> - One of the standard MBean names of the specified
+    "group" category.  For example, the expression <code>${REALM}</code>
+    represents the values like <code>JDBCRealm</code> and <code>JAASRealm</code>
+    that identify the various MBeans for possible <code>Realm</code> components.</li>
+<li><em>${name}</em> - Replaced by the value of property <code>name</code>
+    from the current component.</li>
+<li><em>${parent.name}</em> - Replaced by the value of property
+    <code>name</code> from a parent of the current component, with the
+    parent's type identified by <em>parent</em>.</li>
+<li><em>${###}</em> - An arbitrary numeric identifier that preserves
+    order but has no other particular meaning.  In general, the server will
+    assign numeric values to existing instances with large gaps into which
+    new items can be configured if desired.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Pattern</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Cardinality</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Identifier</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">MBean ObjectName</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server</td>
+    <td align="center">1..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${SERVER}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Listener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${LISTENER}, sequence=${###}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service</td>
+    <td align="center">1..n</td>
+    <td align="center"><code>name</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=${SERVICE}, name=${name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Connector</td>
+    <td align="center">1..n</td>
+    <td align="center"><code>address, port</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=${CONNECTOR}, service=${service}, port=${port},
+        address=${address}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Connector / Factory</td>
+    <td align="center">0..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td>(Only defined explicitly for an SSL connector, but can be treated
+        as part of the connector component)</td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Connector / Listener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${LISTENER}, sequence=${###}, service=${service},
+        port=${connector.port}, address=${connector.address}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine</td>
+    <td align="center">1..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${ENGINE}, service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host</td>
+    <td align="center">1..n</td>
+    <td align="center"><code>name</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=${HOST}, host=${name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context</td>
+    <td align="center">1..n</td>
+    <td align="center"><code>path</code></td>
+    <td><code>type=${CONTEXT}, context=${name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / InstanceListener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${INSTANCE-LISTENER}, sequence=${###},
+        context=${context.name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / Listener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${LISTENER}, sequence=${###}, context=${context.name},
+        host=${host.name}, service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / Loader</td>
+    <td align="center">0..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${LOADER}, context=${context.name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / Manager</td>
+    <td align="center">0..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${MANAGER}, context=${context.name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / Realm</td>
+    <td align="center">0..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${REALM}, context=${context.name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / Resources</td>
+    <td align="center">0..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${RESOURCES}, context=${context.name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / Valve</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${VALVE}, sequence=${###}, context=${context.name},
+        host=${host.name}, service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / Wrapper</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>j2eeType=Servlet,name=${name},
+        WebModule=//${host.name}/${context.name},
+        J2EEApplication=${context.J2EEApplication},
+        J2EEServer=${context.J2EEServer}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / WrapperLifecycle</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${WRAPPER-LIFECYCLE}, sequence=${###},
+        context=${context.name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Context / WrapperListener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${WRAPPER-LISTENER}, sequence=${###},
+        context=${context.name}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Listener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${LISTENER}, sequence=${###}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Realm</td>
+    <td align="center">0..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${REALM}, host=${host.name},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Host / Valve</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${VALVE}, sequence=${###},
+        host=${host.name}, service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Listener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${LISTENER}, sequence=${###}</code>
+        (<strong>FIXME</strong> - disambiguate from Server / Service /
+        Listener)</td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Realm</td>
+    <td align="center">0..1</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${REALM}, service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Engine / Valve</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${VALVE}, sequence=${###},
+        service=${service.name}</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Server / Service / Listener</td>
+    <td align="center">0..n</td>
+    <td align="center">(none)</td>
+    <td><code>type=${LISTENER}, sequence=${###}</code>
+        (<strong>FIXME</strong> - disambiguate from Server / Service /
+        Engine / Listener)</td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="MBean Groups and Names"><!--()--></a><a name="MBean_Groups_and_Names"><strong>MBean Groups and Names</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The following MBean names shall be defined in the resource file
+<code>/org/apache/catalina/mbeans/mbeans-descriptors.xml</code> (and
+therefore available for use within the Administration/Configuration
+web application for Tomcat):</p>
+
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">MBean Name</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Group Name</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Catalina Interface</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Implementation Class</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>AccessLogValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>BasicAuthenticator</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.BasicAuthenticator</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>CertificatesValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.CertificatesValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>ContextConfig</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>LISTENER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>ContextEnvironment</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>RESOURCES</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.ContextEnvironment</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.ContextEnvironment</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>ContextResource</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>RESOURCES</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.ContextResource</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.ContextResource</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>ContextResourceLink</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>RESOURCES</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.ContextResourceLink</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.ContextResourceLink</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>CoyoteConnector</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>CONNECTOR</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Connector</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.coyote.tomcat4.CoyoteConnector</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>DigestAuthenticator</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.DigestAuthenticator</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>EngineConfig</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>LISTENER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.startup.EngineConfig</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>ErrorReportValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>ErrorDispatcherValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorDispatcherValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>FormAuthenticator</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.FormAuthenticator</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>Group</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>GROUP</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Group</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Group</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>HostConfig</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>LISTENER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>HttpConnector10</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>CONNECTOR</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Connector</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.connector.http10.HttpConnector</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>HttpConnector11</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>CONNECTOR</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Connector</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.connector.http.HttpConnector</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>JAASRealm</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>REALM</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>JDBCRealm</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>REALM</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>JDBCUserDatabase</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>USERDATABASE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.users.JDBCUserDatabase</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.users.JDBCUserDatabase</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>JNDIRealm</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>REALM</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>MBeanFactory</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code></code></td>
+    <td><code></code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>MemoryRealm</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>REALM</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.realm.MemoryRealm</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>MemoryUserDatabase</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>USERDATABASE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabase</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabase</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>NamingContextListener</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>LISTENER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.NamingContextListener</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>NamingResources</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>RESOURCES</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>NonLoginAuthenticator</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.NonLoginAuthenticator</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>PersistentManager</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>MANAGER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Manager</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>RemoteAddrValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>RemoteHostValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteHostValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>RequestDumperValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.RequestDumperValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>Role</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>ROLE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Role</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Role</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>SingleSignOn</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.valves.SingleSignOn</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>SSLAuthenticator</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SSLAuthenticator</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardContext</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>CONTEXT</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Context</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardContextValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardEngine</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>ENGINE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Engine</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardEngineValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardHost</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>HOST</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Host</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardHostValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardManager</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>MANAGER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Manager</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardServer</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>SERVER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Server</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardService</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>SERVICE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Service</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardWrapper</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>WRAPPER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Wrapper</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>StandardWrapperValve</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>VALVE</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Valve</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>User</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>USER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.User</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.User</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>UserDatabaseRealm</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>REALM</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>WebappLoader</code></td>
+    <td align="center"><code>LOADER</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.Loader</code></td>
+    <td><code>org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappLoader</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JSR-77 Cross Reference"><!--()--></a><a name="JSR-77_Cross_Reference"><strong>JSR-77 Cross Reference</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The managed objects in the JSR-77 object hierarchy correspond
+to the specified MBean names or groups as follows:</p>
+
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">JSR-77 Managed Object</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">MBean Name or Group</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Comments</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>J2EEServer</code></td>
+    <td><code>${SERVICE}</code></td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>Node</code></td>
+    <td><code>${SERVICE}</code></td>
+    <td>Tomcat supports a single node only.</td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>Port</code></td>
+    <td><code>${CONNECTOR}</code></td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>Servlet</code></td>
+    <td><code>${WRAPPER}</code></td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>WebModule</code></td>
+    <td><code>${CONTEXT}</code></td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JSR-88 Cross Reference"><!--()--></a><a name="JSR-88_Cross_Reference"><strong>JSR-88 Cross Reference</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The deployment objects in the JSR-88 API object hierarchy correspond
+to the specified MBean names or groups as follows:</p>
+
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">JSR-88 API Object</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">MBean Name or Group</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Comments</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>DeployableObject</code></td>
+    <td><code>${CONTEXT}</code></td>
+    <td>Context deployment info plus the corresponding WAR file</td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td><code>Target</code></td>
+    <td><code>${HOST}</code></td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Tomcat Web Application Manager How To</title><meta name="author" content="Glenn L. Nielsen"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Tomcat Web Application Manager How To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Message">Message</a></li><li><a href="#Manager">Manager</a></li><li><a href="#Applications">Applications</a><ol><li><a href="#Start">Start</a></li><li><a href="#Stop">Stop</a></li><li><a href="#Reload">Reload</a></li><li><a href="#Undeploy">Undeploy</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Deploy">Deploy</a><ol><li><a href="#Deploy_directory_or_WAR_file_located_on_server">Deploy directory or WAR file located on server</a></li><li><a href="#Upload_a_WAR_file_to_install">Upload a WAR file to install</a></li><li><a href="#Deployment_Notes">Deployment Notes</a></li><li><a href="#Deploy_Message">Deploy Message</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Diagnostics">Diagnostics</a><ol><li><a href="#Finding_memory_leaks">Finding memory leaks</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Server_Information">Server Information</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In many production environments it is very useful to have the capability
+to manage your web applications without having to shut down and restart
+Tomcat.  This document is for the HTML web interface to the web application
+<a href="manager-howto.html">manager</a>.</p>
+
+<p>The interface is divided into six sections:</p>
+<ul>
+  <li><strong>Message</strong> - Displays success and failure messages.</li>
+  <li><strong>Manager</strong> - General manager operations like list and
+      help.</li>
+  <li><strong>Applications</strong> - List of web applications and
+      commands.</li>
+  <li><strong>Deploy</strong> - Deploying web applications.</li>
+  <li><strong>Diagnostics</strong> - Identifying potential problems.</li>
+  <li><strong>Server Information</strong> - Information about the Tomcat
+      server.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Message"><strong>Message</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+Displays information about the success or failure of the last web application
+manager command you performed. If it succeeded <strong>OK</strong> is displayed
+and may be followed by a success message. If it failed <strong>FAIL</strong>
+is displayed followed by an error message. Common failure messages are
+documented below for each command.  The complete list of failure messages for
+each command can be found in the <a href="manager-howto.html">manager</a> web
+application documentation.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Manager"><strong>Manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The Manager section has three links:</p>
+<ul>
+  <li><strong>List Applications</strong> - Redisplay a list of web
+      applications.</li>
+  <li><strong>HTML Manager Help</strong> - A link to this document.</li>
+  <li><strong>Manager Help</strong> - A link to the comprehensive Manager
+      App HOW TO.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Applications"><strong>Applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The Applications section lists information about all the installed web
+applications and provides links for managing them. For each web application
+the following is displayed:</p>
+<ul>
+  <li><strong>Path</strong> - The web application context path.</li>
+  <li><strong>Display Name</strong> - The display name for the web application
+      if it has one configured in its "web.xml" file.</li>
+  <li><strong>Running</strong> - Whether the web application is running and
+      available (true), or not running and unavailable (false).</li>
+  <li><strong>Sessions</strong> - The number of active sessions for remote
+      users of this web application.  The number of sessions is a link which
+      when submitted displays more details about session usage by the web
+      application in the Message box.</li>
+  <li><strong>Commands</strong> - Lists all commands which can be performed on
+      the web application. Only those commands which can be performed will be
+      listed as a link which can be submitted. No commands can be performed on
+      the manager web application itself. The following commands can be
+      performed:
+      <ul>
+        <li><strong>Start</strong> - Start a web application which had been
+            stopped.</li>
+        <li><strong>Stop</strong> - Stop a web application which is currently
+            running and make it unavailable.</li>
+        <li><strong>Reload</strong> - Reload the web application so that new
+            ".jar" files in <code>/WEB-INF/lib/</code> or new classes in
+            <code>/WEB-INF/classes/</code> can be used.</li>
+        <li><strong>Undeploy</strong> - Stop and then remove this web
+             application from the server.</li>
+      </ul>
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Start"><strong>Start</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Signal a stopped application to restart, and make itself available again.
+Stopping and starting is useful, for example, if the database required by
+your application becomes temporarily unavailable.  It is usually better to
+stop the web application that relies on this database rather than letting
+users continuously encounter database exceptions.</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a Message like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Started application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the Message will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to start the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character, unless you are
+    referencing the ROOT web application -- in which case the context path
+    must be a zero-length string.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Stop"><strong>Stop</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Signal an existing application to make itself unavailable, but leave it
+deployed.  Any request that comes in while an application is
+stopped will see an HTTP error 404, and this application will show as
+"stopped" on a list applications command.</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a Message like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Stopped application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the Message will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to stop the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character, unless you are
+    referencing the ROOT web application -- in which case the context path
+    must be a zero-length string.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Reload"><strong>Reload</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Signal an existing application to shut itself down and reload.  This can
+be useful when the web application context is not reloadable and you have
+updated classes or property files in the <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code>
+directory or when you have added or updated jar files in the
+<code>/WEB-INF/lib</code> directory.
+</p>
+<p><strong>NOTE:</strong> The <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>
+web application configuration file is not checked on a reload;
+the previous web.xml configuration is used.
+If you have made changes to your web.xml file you must stop
+then start the web application.
+</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a Message like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Reloaded application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the Message will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to restart the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character, unless you are
+    referencing the ROOT web application -- in which case the context path
+    must be a zero-length string.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Reload not supported on WAR deployed at path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    Currently, application reloading (to pick up changes to the classes or
+    <code>web.xml</code> file) is not supported when a web application is
+    installed directly from a WAR file, which happens when the host is
+    configured to not unpack WAR files. As it only works when the web
+    application is installed from an unpacked directory, if you are using
+    a WAR file, you should <code>undeploy</code> and then <code>deploy</code>
+    the application again to pick up your changes.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Undeploy"><strong>Undeploy</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p><strong><font color="red">WARNING</font> - This command will delete the
+contents of the web application directory and/or ".war" file if it exists within
+the <code>appBase</code> directory (typically "webapps") for this virtual host
+</strong>.  The web application temporary work directory is also deleted.  If
+you simply want to take an application out of service, you should use the
+<code>/stop</code> command instead.</p>
+
+<p>Signal an existing application to gracefully shut itself down, and then
+remove it from Tomcat (which also makes this context path available for
+reuse later).  This command is the logical opposite of the
+<code>/deploy</code> Ant command, and the related deploy features available
+in the HTML manager.</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a Message like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Undeployed application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the Message will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to undeploy the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character, unless you are
+    referencing the ROOT web application -- in which case the context path
+    must be a zero-length string.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploy"><strong>Deploy</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Web applications can be deployed using files or directories located
+on the Tomcat server or you can upload a web application archive (WAR)
+file to the server.</p>
+
+<p>To install an application, fill in the appropriate fields for the type
+of install you want to do and then submit it using the <i>Install</i>
+button.</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploy directory or WAR file located on server"><!--()--></a><a name="Deploy_directory_or_WAR_file_located_on_server"><strong>Deploy directory or WAR file located on server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Deploy and start a new web application, attached to the specified <i>Context
+Path:</i> (which must not be in use by any other web application).
+This command is the logical opposite of the <em>Undeploy</em> command.</p>
+
+<p>There are a number of different ways the deploy command can be used.</p>
+
+<h3>Deploy a Directory or WAR by URL</h3>
+
+<p>Install a web application directory or ".war" file located on the Tomcat
+server. If no <i>Context Path</i> is specified, the directory name or the
+war file name without the ".war" extension is used as the path. The
+<i>WAR or Directory URL</i> specifies a URL (including the <code>file:</code>
+scheme) for either a directory or a web application archive (WAR) file. The
+supported syntax for a URL referring to a WAR file is described on the Javadocs
+page for the <code>java.net.JarURLConnection</code> class.  Use only URLs that
+refer to the entire WAR file.</p>
+
+<p>In this example the web application located in the directory
+<code>C:\path\to\foo</code> on the Tomcat server (running on Windows)
+is deployed as the web application context named <code>/footoo</code>.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Context Path: /footoo
+WAR or Directory URL: file:C:/path/to/foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>In this example the ".war" file <code>/path/to/bar.war</code> on the
+Tomcat server (running on Unix) is deployed as the web application
+context named <code>/bar</code>. Notice that there is no <code>path</code>
+parameter so the context path defaults to the name of the web application
+archive file without the ".war" extension.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+WAR or Directory URL: jar:file:/path/to/bar.war!/
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<h3>Deploy a Directory or War from the Host appBase</h3>
+
+<p>Install a web application directory or ".war" file located in your Host
+appBase directory. If no <i>Context Path</i> is specified the directory name
+or the war file name without the ".war" extension is used as the path.</p>
+
+<p>In this example the web application located in a subdirectory named
+<code>foo</code> in the Host appBase directory of the Tomcat server is
+deployed as the web application context named <code>/foo</code>. Notice
+that there is no <code>path</code> parameter so the context path defaults
+to the name of the web application directory.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+WAR or Directory URL: foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>In this example the ".war" file <code>bar.war</code> located in your
+Host appBase directory on the Tomcat server is deployed as the web
+application context named <code>/bartoo</code>.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Context Path: /bartoo
+WAR or Directory URL: bar.war
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<h3>Deploy using a Context configuration ".xml" file</h3>
+
+<p>If the Host deployXML flag is set to true, you can install a web
+application using a Context configuration ".xml" file and an optional
+".war" file or web application directory. The <i>Context Path</i>
+is not used when installing a web application using a context ".xml"
+configuration file.</p>
+
+<p>A Context configuration ".xml" file can contain valid XML for a
+web application Context just as if it were configured in your
+Tomcat <code>server.xml</code> configuration file. Here is an
+example for Tomcat running on Windows:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context path="/foobar" docBase="C:\path\to\application\foobar"&gt;
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>Use of the <i>WAR or Directory URL</i> is optional. When used
+to select a web application ".war" file or directory it overrides any
+docBase configured in the context configuration ".xml" file.</p>
+
+<p>Here is an example of installing an application using a Context
+configuration ".xml" file for Tomcat running on Windows.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+XML Configuration file URL: file:C:/path/to/context.xml
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>Here is an example of installing an application using a Context
+configuration ".xml" file and a web application ".war" file located
+on the server (Tomcat running on Unix).</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+XML Configuration file URL: file:/path/to/context.xml
+WAR or Directory URL: jar:file:/path/to/bar.war!/
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Upload a WAR file to install"><!--()--></a><a name="Upload_a_WAR_file_to_install"><strong>Upload a WAR file to install</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Upload a WAR file from your local system and install it into the
+appBase for your Host. The name of the WAR file without the ".war"
+extension is used as the context path name.</p>
+
+<p>Use the <i>Browse</i> button to select a WAR file to upload to the
+server from your local desktop system.</p>
+
+<p>The .WAR file may include Tomcat specific deployment configuration, by
+including a Context configuration XML file in
+<code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>.</p>
+
+<p>Upload of a WAR file could fail for the following reasons:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>File uploaded must be a .war</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The upload install will only accept files which have the filename
+    extension of ".war".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>War file already exists on server</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>If a war file of the same name already exists in your Host's
+    appBase the upload will fail. Either undeploy the existing war file
+    from your Host's appBase or upload the new war file using a different
+    name.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>File upload failed, no file</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The file upload failed, no file was received by the server.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Install Upload Failed, Exception:</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The war file upload or install failed with a Java Exception.
+    The exception message will be listed.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deployment Notes"><!--()--></a><a name="Deployment_Notes"><strong>Deployment Notes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>If the Host is configured with unpackWARs=true and you install a war
+file, the war will be unpacked into a directory in your Host appBase
+directory.</p>
+
+<p>If the application war or directory is deployed in your Host appBase
+directory and either the Host is configured with autoDeploy=true the Context
+path must match the directory name or war file name without the ".war"
+extension.</p>
+
+<p>For security when untrusted users can manage web applications, the
+Host deployXML flag can be set to false.  This prevents untrusted users
+from installing web applications using a configuration XML file and
+also prevents them from installing application directories or ".war"
+files located outside of their Host appBase.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploy Message"><!--()--></a><a name="Deploy_Message"><strong>Deploy Message</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>If deployment and startup is successful, you will receive a Message
+like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Deployed application at context path /foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the Message will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Application already exists at path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context paths for all currently running web applications must be
+    unique.  Therefore, you must either undeploy the existing web
+    application using this context path, or choose a different context path
+    for the new one.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Document base does not exist or is not a readable directory</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The URL specified by the <i>WAR or Directory URL:</i> field must
+    identify a directory on this server that contains the "unpacked" version
+    of a web application, or the absolute URL of a web application archive
+    (WAR) file that contains this application.  Correct the value entered for
+    the <i>WAR or Directory URL:</i> field.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to start the new web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details, but likely explanations include
+    problems parsing your <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> file, or missing
+    classes encountered when initializing application event listeners and
+    filters.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid application URL was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The URL for the <i>WAR or Directory URL:</i> field that you specified
+    was not valid.  Such URLs must start with <code>file:</code>, and URLs
+    for a WAR file must end in ".war".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character, unless you are
+    referencing the ROOT web application -- in which case the context path
+    must be a "/" string.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Context path must match the directory or WAR file name:</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    If the application war or directory is deployed in your Host appBase
+    directory and either the Host is configured with autoDeploy=true the Context
+    path must match the directory name or war file name without the ".war"
+    extension.
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Only web applications in the Host web application directory can
+     be deployed</em>
+     <blockquote>
+     If the Host deployXML flag is set to false this error will happen
+     if an attempt is made to install a web application directory or
+      ".war" file outside of the Host appBase directory.
+     </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Diagnostics"><strong>Diagnostics</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Finding memory leaks"><!--()--></a><a name="Finding_memory_leaks"><strong>Finding memory leaks</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p><strong>The find leaks diagnostic triggers a full garbage collection. It
+should be used with extreme caution on production systems.</strong></p>
+
+<p>The find leaks diagnostic attempts to identify web applications that have
+caused memory leaks when they were stopped, reloaded or undeployed. Results
+should always be confirmed
+with a profiler. The diagnostic uses additional functionality provided by the
+StandardHost implementation. It will not work if a custom host is used that
+does not extend StandardHost.</p>
+
+<p>This diagnostic will list context paths for the web applications that were
+stopped, reloaded or undeployed, but which classes from the previous runs
+are still present in memory, thus being a memory leak. If an application
+has been reloaded several times, it may be listed several times.</p>
+
+<p>Explicitly triggering a full garbage collection from Java code is documented
+to be unreliable. Furthermore, depending on the JVM used, there are options to
+disable explicit GC triggering, like <code>-XX:+DisableExplicitGC</code>.
+If you want to make sure, that the diagnostics were successfully running a full GC,
+you will need to check using tools like GC logging, JConsole or similar.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server Information"><!--()--></a><a name="Server_Information"><strong>Server Information</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This section displays information about Tomcat, the operating system of
+the server Tomcat is hosted on, and the Java Virtual Machine Tomcat is
+running in.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/html-manager-howto.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Documentation Index</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
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+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Documentation Index</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This is the top-level entry point of the documentation bundle for the
+<strong>Apache Tomcat</strong> Servlet/JSP container.  Apache Tomcat version 7.0
+implements the Servlet 3.0 and JavaServer Pages 2.2
+<a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">specifications</a> from the
+<a href="http://www.jcp.org">Java Community Process</a>, and includes many
+additional features that make it a useful platform for developing and deploying
+web applications and web services.</p>
+
+<p>Select one of the links from the navigation menu (to the left) to drill
+down to the more detailed documentation that is available.  Each available
+manual is described in more detail below.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Apache Tomcat User Guide"><!--()--></a><a name="Apache_Tomcat_User_Guide"><strong>Apache Tomcat User Guide</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The following documents will assist you in downloading, installing
+Apache Tomcat 7, and using many of the Apache Tomcat features.</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li><a href="introduction.html"><strong>Introduction</strong></a> - A
+    brief, high level, overview of Apache Tomcat.</li>
+<li><a href="setup.html"><strong>Setup</strong></a> - How to install and run
+    Apache Tomcat on a variety of platforms.</li>
+<li><a href="appdev/index.html"><strong>First web application</strong></a>
+    - An introduction to the concepts of a <em>web application</em> as defined
+    in the Servlet Specification.  Covers basic organization of your web application
+    source tree, the structure of a web application archive, and an
+    introduction to the web application deployment descriptor
+    (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>).</li>
+<li><a href="deployer-howto.html"><strong>Deployer</strong></a> -
+    Operating the Apache Tomcat Deployer to deploy, precompile, and validate web
+    applications.</li>
+<li><a href="manager-howto.html"><strong>Manager</strong></a> -
+    Operating the <strong>Manager</strong> web app to deploy, undeploy, and
+    redeploy applications while Apache Tomcat is running.</li>
+<li><a href="realm-howto.html"><strong>Realms and Access Control</strong></a>
+    - Description of how to configure <em>Realms</em> (databases of users,
+    passwords, and their associated roles) for use in web applications that
+    utilize <em>Container Managed Security</em>.</li>
+<li><a href="security-manager-howto.html"><strong>Security Manager</strong></a>
+    - Configuring and using a Java Security Manager to
+    support fine-grained control over the behavior of your web applications.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html"><strong>JNDI Resources</strong></a>
+    - Configuring standard and custom resources in the JNDI naming context
+    that is provided to each web application.</li>
+<li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">
+    <strong>JDBC DataSource</strong></a>
+    - Configuring a JNDI DataSoure with a DB connection pool.
+    Examples for many popular databases.</li>
+<li><a href="class-loader-howto.html"><strong>Classloading</strong></a>
+    - Information about class loading in Apache Tomcat, including where to place
+    your application classes so that they are visible.</li>
+<li><a href="jasper-howto.html"><strong>JSPs</strong></a>
+    - Information about Jasper configuration, as well as the JSP compiler
+    usage.</li>
+<li><a href="ssl-howto.html"><strong>SSL</strong></a> -
+    Installing and
+    configuring SSL support so that your Apache Tomcat will serve requests using
+    the <code>https</code> protocol.</li>
+<li><a href="ssi-howto.html"><strong>SSI</strong></a> -
+    Using Server Side Includes in Apache Tomcat.</li>
+<li><a href="cgi-howto.html"><strong>CGI</strong></a> -
+    Using CGIs with Apache Tomcat.</li>
+<li><a href="proxy-howto.html"><strong>Proxy Support</strong></a> -
+    Configuring Apache Tomcat to run behind a proxy server (or a web server
+    functioning as a proxy server).</li>
+<li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html"><strong>MBean Descriptor</strong></a> -
+    Configuring MBean descriptors files for custom components.</li>
+<li><a href="default-servlet.html"><strong>Default Servlet</strong></a> -
+    Configuring the default servlet and customizing directory listings.</li>
+<li><a href="cluster-howto.html"><strong>Apache Tomcat Clustering</strong></a> -
+    Enable session replication in a Apache Tomcat environment.</li>
+<li><a href="balancer-howto.html"><strong>Balancer</strong></a> -
+    Configuring, using, and extending the load balancer application.</li>
+<li><a href="connectors.html"><strong>Connectors</strong></a> -
+    Connectors available in Apache Tomcat, and native web server integration.</li>
+<li><a href="monitoring.html"><strong>Monitoring and Management</strong></a> -
+    Enabling JMX Remote support, and using tools to monitor and manage Apache Tomcat.</li>
+<li><a href="logging.html"><strong>Logging</strong></a> -
+    Configuring logging in Apache Tomcat.</li>
+<li><a href="apr.html"><strong>Apache Portable Runtime</strong></a> -
+    Using APR to provide superior performance, scalability and better
+    integration with native server technologies.</li>
+<li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html"><strong>Virtual Hosting</strong></a> -
+    Configuring virtual hosting in Apache Tomcat.</li>
+<li><a href="aio.html"><strong>Advanced IO</strong></a> -
+    Extensions available over regular, blocking IO.</li>
+<li><a href="extras.html"><strong>Additional Components</strong></a> -
+    Obtaining additional, optional components.</li>
+<li><a href="maven-jars.html"><strong>Using Tomcat libraries with Maven</strong></a> -
+    Obtaining Tomcat jars through Maven.</li>
+<li><a href="security-howto.html"><strong>Security Considerations</strong></a> -
+    Options to consider when securing an Apache Tomcat installation.</li>
+<li><a href="windows-service-howto.html"><strong>Windows Service</strong></a> -
+    Running Tomcat as a service on Microsoft Windows.</li>
+<li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html"><strong>Windows Authentication</strong></a> -
+    Configuring Tomcat to use integrated Windows authentication.</li>
+<li><a href="jdbc-pool.html"><strong>High Concurrency JDBC Pool</strong></a> -
+    Configuring Tomcat to use an alternative JDBC pool.</li>
+<li><a href="web-socket-howto.html"><strong>WebSocket support</strong></a> -
+    Developing WebSocket applications for Apache Tomcat.</li>
+
+</ol>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Reference"><strong>Reference</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The following documents are aimed at <em>System Administrators</em> who
+are responsible for installing, configuring, and operating an Apache Tomcat server.
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt"><strong>Release notes</strong></a>
+    - Known issues in this Apache Tomcat release.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="config/index.html"><strong>Apache Tomcat Server Configuration Reference</strong></a>
+    - Reference manual that documents all available elements and attributes
+      that may be placed into the Apache Tomcat <code>conf/server.xml</code> file.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/index.html"><strong>JK Documentation</strong></a>
+    - Complete documentation and HOWTOs on the JK native webserver connector,
+      used to interface Apache Tomcat with servers like Apache HTTPd, IIS
+      and others.</li>
+<li>Servlet 3.0
+    <a href="http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/final/jsr315/index.html">
+    <strong>Specification</strong></a> and
+    <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/index.html?javax/servlet/package-summary.html">
+    <strong>Javadoc</strong></a>
+    </li>
+<li><a href="http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/mrel/jsr245/index.html">
+    <strong>JSP 2.2 and EL 2.2 Specifications</strong></a>,
+    <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/index.html?javax/servlet/jsp/package-summary.html">
+    <strong>JSP 2.2 Javadoc (note it is labelled as JSP 2.1)</strong></a>,
+    <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/index.html?javax/el/package-summary.html">
+    <strong>EL 2.2 Javadoc</strong></a>
+    </li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Apache Tomcat Developers"><!--()--></a><a name="Apache_Tomcat_Developers"><strong>Apache Tomcat Developers</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The following documents are for Java developers who wish to contribute to
+the development of the <em>Apache Tomcat</em> project.</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="building.html"><strong>Building from Source</strong></a> -
+    Details the steps necessary to download Apache Tomcat source code (and the
+    other packages that it depends on), and build a binary distribution from
+    those sources.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="changelog.html"><strong>Changelog</strong></a> - Details the
+    changes made to Apache Tomcat.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions"><strong>Status</strong></a> -
+    Apache Tomcat development status.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="developers.html"><strong>Developers</strong></a> - List of active
+    Apache Tomcat contributors.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="funcspecs/index.html"><strong>Functional Specifications</strong></a>
+    - Requirements specifications for features of the <em>Catalina</em> servlet
+    container portion of Apache Tomcat.</li>
+<li><a href="api/index.html"><strong>Javadocs</strong></a>
+    - Javadoc API documentation for Apache Tomcat's internals.</li>
+<li><a href="architecture/index.html"><strong>Apache Tomcat Architecture</strong></a>
+    - Documentation of the Apache Tomcat Server Architecture.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/index.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/introduction.html b/webapps/docs/introduction.html
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+++ b/webapps/docs/introduction.html
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Introduction</title><meta name="author" content="Robert Slifka"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Introduction</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Terminology">Terminology</a></li><li><a href="#Directories_and_Files">Directories and Files</a></li><li><a href="#Configuring_Tomcat">Configuring Tomcat</a></li><li><a href="#Where_to_Go_for_Help">Where to Go for Help</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>For administrators and web developers alike, there are some important bits
+of information you should familiarize yourself with before starting out. This
+document serves as a brief introduction to some of the concepts and
+terminology behind the Tomcat container. As well, where to go when you need
+help.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Terminology"><strong>Terminology</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In the course of reading these documents, you will run across a number of
+terms; some specific to Tomcat, and others defined by the
+<a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet and
+JSP specifications</a>.</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Context</strong> - In a nutshell, a Context is a
+    web application.</li>
+<li><strong>Term2</strong> - This is it.</li>
+<li><strong>Term3</strong> - This is it!</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Directories and Files"><!--()--></a><a name="Directories_and_Files"><strong>Directories and Files</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Throughout the docs, you'll notice there are numerous references to
+<strong>$CATALINA_HOME</strong>. This represents the root of your Tomcat
+installation. When we say, "This information can be found in your
+$CATALINA_HOME/README.txt file" we mean to look at the README.txt file at the
+root of your Tomcat install. Optionally, Tomcat may be configured for multiple
+instances by defining <strong>$CATALINA_BASE</strong> for each instance. If
+multiple instances are not configured, <strong>$CATALINA_BASE</strong> is the
+same as <strong>$CATALINA_HOME</strong>.</p>
+
+<p>These are some of the key tomcat directories:</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li><strong>/bin</strong> - Startup, shutdown, and other scripts. The
+    <code>*.sh</code> files (for Unix systems) are functional duplicates of
+    the <code>*.bat</code> files (for Windows systems).  Since the Win32
+    command-line lacks certain functionality, there are some additional
+    files in here.</li>
+<li><strong>/conf</strong> - Configuration files and related DTDs.  The most
+    important file in here is server.xml.  It is the main configuration file
+    for the container.</li>
+<li><strong>/logs</strong> - Log files are here by default.</li>
+<li><strong>/webapps</strong> - This is where your webapps go.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuring Tomcat"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuring_Tomcat"><strong>Configuring Tomcat</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This section will acquaint you with the basic information used during
+the configuration of the container.</p>
+
+<p>All of the information in the configuration files is read at startup,
+meaning that any change to the files necessitates a restart of the container.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Where to Go for Help"><!--()--></a><a name="Where_to_Go_for_Help"><strong>Where to Go for Help</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>While we've done our best to ensure that these documents are clearly
+written and easy to understand, we may have missed something.  Provided
+below are various web sites and mailing lists in case you get stuck.</p>
+
+<p>As Tomcat 7 is a new release of Tomcat, keep in mind that some of the
+issues and solutions vary between the major versions of Tomcat (6.x versus
+7.x).  As you search around the web, there will be some documentation that
+is not relevant to Tomcat 7, but 6.x, 5.x or earlier versions.  Doing 3.x
+or 4.x things to 7 will probably not work in most cases as the server.xml
+files are very different.</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li>Current document - most documents will list potential hangups. Be sure
+    to fully read the relevant documentation as it will save you much time
+    and effort. There's nothing like scouring the web only to find out that
+    the answer was right in front of you all along!</li>
+<li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">Tomcat FAQ</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/">Tomcat WIKI</a></li>
+<li>Tomcat FAQ at <a href="http://www.jguru.com/faq/home.jsp?topic=Tomcat">jGuru</a></li>
+<li>Tomcat mailing list archives - numerous sites archive the Tomcat mailing
+    lists. Since the links change over time, clicking here will search
+    <a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=tomcat+mailing+list+archives">Google</a>.
+    </li>
+<li>The TOMCAT-USER mailing list, which you can subscribe to
+    <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">here</a>. If you don't
+    get a reply, then there's a good chance that your question was probably
+    answered in the list archives or one of the FAQs.  Although questions
+    about web application development in general are sometimes asked and
+    answered, please focus your questions on Tomcat-specific issues.</li>
+<li>The TOMCAT-DEV mailing list, which you can subscribe to
+    <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">here</a>.  This list is
+    <strong>reserved</strong> for discussions about the development of Tomcat
+    itself.  Questions about Tomcat configuration, and the problems you run
+    into while developing and running applications, will normally be more
+    appropriate on the TOMCAT-USER list instead.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>And, if you think something should be in the docs, by all means let us know
+on the TOMCAT-DEV list.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/introduction.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
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+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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diff --git a/webapps/docs/jasper-howto.html b/webapps/docs/jasper-howto.html
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@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Jasper 2 JSP Engine How To</title><meta name="author" content="Glenn L. Nielsen"><meta name="author" content="Peter Rossbach"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Jasper 2 JSP Engine How To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Configuration">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Known_issues">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="#Production_Configuration">Production Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Web_Application_Compilation">Web Application Compilation</a></li><li><a href="#Optimisation">Optimisation</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Tomcat 7.0 uses the Jasper 2 JSP Engine to implement
+the <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">JavaServer Pages 2.2</a>
+specification.</p>
+
+<p>Jasper 2 has been redesigned to significantly improve performance over
+the original Jasper.  In addition to general code improvements the following
+changes were made:
+<ul>
+<li><strong>JSP Custom Tag Pooling</strong> - The java objects instantiated
+for JSP Custom Tags can now be pooled and reused.  This significantly boosts
+the performance of JSP pages which use custom tags.</li>
+<li><strong>Background JSP compilation</strong> - If you make a change to
+a JSP page which had already been compiled Jasper 2 can recompile that
+page in the background.  The previously compiled JSP page will still be
+available to serve requests.  Once the new page has been compiled
+successfully it will replace the old page.  This helps improve availability
+of your JSP pages on a production server.</li>
+<li><strong>Recompile JSP when included page changes</strong> - Jasper 2
+can now detect when a page included at compile time from a JSP has changed
+and then recompile the parent JSP.</li>
+<li><strong>JDT used to compile JSP pages</strong> - The
+Eclipse JDT Java compiler is now used to perform JSP java source code
+compilation. This compiler loads source dependencies from the container
+classloader. Ant and javac can still be used.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+<p>Jasper is implemented using the servlet class
+<code>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</code>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuration"><strong>Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>By default Jasper is configured for use when doing web application
+development.  See the section <a href="#Production Configuration">
+Production Configuration</a> for information on configuring Jasper
+for use on a production Tomcat server.</p>
+
+<p>The servlet which implements Jasper is configured using init parameters
+in your global <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>.
+
+<ul>
+<li><strong>checkInterval</strong> - If development is false and checkInterval
+is greater than zero, background compiles are enabled. checkInterval is the time
+in seconds between checks to see if a JSP page (and its dependent files) needs
+to be recompiled. Default <code>0</code> seconds.</li>
+
+<li><strong>classdebuginfo</strong> - Should the class file be compiled with
+debugging information?  <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, default
+<code>true</code>.
+</li>
+
+<li><strong>classpath</strong> - Defines the class path to be used to compile
+the generated servlets. This parameter only has an effect if the ServletContext
+attribute org.apache.jasper.Constants.SERVLET_CLASSPATH is not set. This
+attribute is always set when Jasper is used within Tomcat. By default the
+classpath is created dynamically based on the current web application.</li>
+
+<li><strong>compiler</strong> - Which compiler Ant should use to compile JSP
+pages. The valid values for this are the same as for the compiler attribute of
+Ant's
+<a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/Tasks/javac.html#compilervalues">javac</a>
+task. If the value is not set, then the default Eclipse JDT Java compiler will
+be used instead of using Ant. There is no default value. If this attribute is
+set then <code>setenv.[sh|bat]</code> should be used to add
+<code>ant.jar</code>, <code>ant-launcher.jar</code> and <code>tools.jar</code>
+to the <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable.</li>
+
+<li><strong>compilerSourceVM</strong> - What JDK version are the source files
+compatible with? (Default value: <code>1.6</code>)</li>
+
+<li><strong>compilerTargetVM</strong> - What JDK version are the generated files
+compatible with? (Default value: <code>1.6</code>)</li>
+
+<li><strong>development</strong> - Is Jasper used in development mode? If true,
+the frequency at which JSPs are checked for modification may be specified via
+the modificationTestInterval parameter.<code>true</code> or <code>false</code>,
+default <code>true</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>displaySourceFragment</strong> - Should a source fragment be
+included in exception messages? <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>,
+default <code>true</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>dumpSmap</strong> - Should the SMAP info for JSR45 debugging be
+dumped to a file? <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, default
+<code>false</code>. <code>false</code> if suppressSmap is true.</li>
+
+<li><strong>enablePooling</strong> - Determines whether tag handler pooling is
+enabled. This is a compilation option. It will not alter the behaviour of JSPs
+that have already been compiled. <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>,
+default <code>true</code>.
+</li>
+
+<li><strong>engineOptionsClass</strong> - Allows specifying the Options class
+used to configure Jasper. If not present, the default EmbeddedServletOptions
+will be used.
+</li>
+
+<li><strong>errorOnUseBeanInvalidClassAttribute</strong> - Should Jasper issue
+an error when the value of the class attribute in an useBean action is not a
+valid bean class? <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, default
+<code>true</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>fork</strong> - Have Ant fork JSP page compiles so they are
+performed in a separate JVM from Tomcat? <code>true</code> or
+<code>false</code>, default <code>true</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>genStringAsCharArray</strong> - Should text strings be generated as char
+arrays, to improve performance in some cases? Default <code>false</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>ieClassId</strong> - The class-id value to be sent to Internet
+Explorer when using &lt;jsp:plugin&gt; tags.   Default
+<code>clsid:8AD9C840-044E-11D1-B3E9-00805F499D93</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>javaEncoding</strong> - Java file encoding to use for generating
+java source files. Default <code>UTF8</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>keepgenerated</strong> - Should we keep the generated Java source
+code for each page instead of deleting it? <code>true</code> or
+<code>false</code>, default <code>true</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>mappedfile</strong> - Should we generate static content with one
+print statement per input line, to ease debugging?
+<code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, default <code>true</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>maxLoadedJsps</strong> - The maximum number of JSPs that will be
+loaded for a web application. If more than this number of JSPs are loaded, the
+least recently used JSPs will be unloaded so that the number of JSPs loaded at
+any one time does not exceed this limit. A value of zero or less indicates no
+limit. Default <code>-1</code></li>
+
+<li><strong>jspIdleTimeout</strong> - The amount of time in seconds a JSP can be
+idle before it is unloaded. A value of zero or less indicates never unload.
+Default <code>-1</code></li>
+
+<li><strong>modificationTestInterval</strong> - Causes a JSP (and its dependent
+files) to not be checked for modification during the specified time interval
+(in seconds) from the last time the JSP was checked for modification. A value of
+0 will cause the JSP to be checked on every access. Used in development mode
+only. Default is <code>4</code> seconds.</li>
+
+<li><strong>recompileOnFail</strong> - If a JSP compilation fails should the
+modificationTestInterval be ignored and the next access trigger a re-compilation
+attempt? Used in development mode only and is disabled by default as compilation
+may be expensive and could lead to excessive resource usage.</li>
+
+<li><strong>scratchdir</strong> - What scratch directory should we use when
+compiling JSP pages? Default is the work directory for the current web
+application.</li>
+
+<li><strong>suppressSmap</strong> - Should the generation of SMAP info for JSR45
+debugging be suppressed? <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, default
+<code>false</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>trimSpaces</strong> - Should white spaces in template text between
+actions or directives be trimmed ?, default <code>false</code>.</li>
+
+<li><strong>xpoweredBy</strong> - Determines whether X-Powered-By response
+header is added by generated servlet. <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>,
+default <code>false</code>.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+<p>The Java compiler from Eclipse JDT in included as the default compiler. It is
+an advanced Java compiler which will load all dependencies from the Tomcat class
+loader, which will help tremendously when compiling on large installations with
+tens of JARs. On fast servers, this will allow sub-second recompilation cycles
+for even large JSP  pages.</p>
+
+<p>Apache Ant, which was used in previous Tomcat releases, can be used instead
+of the new compiler by configuring the compiler attribute as explained above.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Known issues"><!--()--></a><a name="Known_issues"><strong>Known issues</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>As described in
+<a href="https://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=39089">
+bug 39089</a>, a known JVM issue,
+<a href="http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=6294277">
+bug 6294277</a>, may cause a
+<code>java.lang.InternalError: name is too long to represent</code> exception
+when compiling very large JSPs. If this is observed then it may be worked around
+by using one of the following:
+<ul>
+<li>reduce the size of the JSP</li>
+<li>disable SMAP generation and JSR-045 support by setting
+<code>suppressSmap</code> to <code>true</code>.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Production Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="Production_Configuration"><strong>Production Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The main JSP optimization which can be done is precompilation of JSPs.
+However, this might not be possible (for example, when using the
+jsp-property-group feature) or practical, in which case the configuration of the
+Jasper servlet becomes critical.</p>
+
+<p>When using Jasper 2 in a production Tomcat server you should consider making
+the following changes from the default configuration.
+<ul>
+<li><strong>development</strong> - To disable on access checks for JSP
+pages compilation set this to <code>false</code>.</li>
+<li><strong>genStringAsCharArray</strong> - To generate slightly more efficient
+char arrays, set this to <code>true</code>.</li>
+<li><strong>modificationTestInterval</strong> - If development has to be set to
+<code>true</code> for any reason (such as dynamic generation of JSPs), setting
+this to a high value will improve performance a lot.</li>
+<li><strong>trimSpaces</strong> - To remove useless bytes from the response,
+set this to <code>true</code>.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Web Application Compilation"><!--()--></a><a name="Web_Application_Compilation"><strong>Web Application Compilation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Using Ant is the preferred way to compile web applications using JSPC. Note
+that when pre-compiling JSPs, SMAP information will only be included in the
+final classes if suppressSmap is false and compile is true.
+Use the script given below (a similar script is included in the "deployer"
+download) to precompile a webapp:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;project name="Webapp Precompilation" default="all" basedir="."&gt;
+
+   &lt;import file="${tomcat.home}/bin/catalina-tasks.xml"/&gt;
+
+   &lt;target name="jspc"&gt;
+
+    &lt;jasper
+             validateXml="false"
+             uriroot="${webapp.path}"
+             webXmlFragment="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/generated_web.xml"
+             outputDir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/src" /&gt;
+
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+  &lt;target name="compile"&gt;
+
+    &lt;mkdir dir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/classes"/&gt;
+    &lt;mkdir dir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/lib"/&gt;
+
+    &lt;javac destdir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/classes"
+           optimize="off"
+           debug="on" failonerror="false"
+           srcdir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/src"
+           excludes="**/*.smap"&gt;
+      &lt;classpath&gt;
+        &lt;pathelement location="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/classes"/&gt;
+        &lt;fileset dir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/lib"&gt;
+          &lt;include name="*.jar"/&gt;
+        &lt;/fileset&gt;
+        &lt;pathelement location="${tomcat.home}/lib"/&gt;
+        &lt;fileset dir="${tomcat.home}/lib"&gt;
+          &lt;include name="*.jar"/&gt;
+        &lt;/fileset&gt;
+        &lt;fileset dir="${tomcat.home}/bin"&gt;
+          &lt;include name="*.jar"/&gt;
+        &lt;/fileset&gt;
+      &lt;/classpath&gt;
+      &lt;include name="**" /&gt;
+      &lt;exclude name="tags/**" /&gt;
+    &lt;/javac&gt;
+
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+  &lt;target name="all" depends="jspc,compile"&gt;
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+  &lt;target name="cleanup"&gt;
+    &lt;delete&gt;
+        &lt;fileset dir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/src"/&gt;
+        &lt;fileset dir="${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/classes/org/apache/jsp"/&gt;
+    &lt;/delete&gt;
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+&lt;/project&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The following command line can be used to run the script
+(replacing the tokens with the Tomcat base path and the path to the webapp
+which should be precompiled):<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+$ANT_HOME/bin/ant -Dtomcat.home=&lt;$TOMCAT_HOME&gt; -Dwebapp.path=&lt;$WEBAPP_PATH&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then, the declarations and mappings for the servlets which were generated
+during the precompilation must be added to the web application deployment
+descriptor. Insert the <code>${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/generated_web.xml</code>
+at the right place inside the <code>${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> file.
+Restart the web application (using the manager) and test it to verify it is
+running fine with precompiled servlets. An appropriate token placed in the
+web application deployment descriptor may also be used to automatically
+insert the generated servlet declarations and mappings using Ant filtering
+capabilities. This is actually how all the webapps distributed with Tomcat
+are automatically compiled as part of the build process.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the jasper task you can use the option <code>addWebXmlMappings</code> for
+automatic merge the <code>${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/generated_web.xml</code>
+with the current web application deployment descriptor at
+<code>${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>. When you want to use Java 6
+features inside your jsp's, add the following javac compiler task attributes:
+<code>source="1.6" target="1.6"</code>. For live
+applications you can also compile with <code>optimize="on"</code> and
+without debug info <code>debug="off"</code>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When you don't want to stop the jsp generation at first jsp syntax error, use
+<code>failOnError="false"</code>and with
+<code>showSuccess="true"</code> all successfull <i>jsp to java</i>
+generation are printed out. Sometimes it is very helpfull, when you cleanup the
+generate java source files at <code>${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/src</code>
+and the compile jsp servlet classes at
+<code>${webapp.path}/WEB-INF/classes/org/apache/jsp</code>.
+</p>
+
+<p><strong>Hints:</strong>
+<ul>
+<li> When you switch to another Tomcat release, then regenerate and recompile
+your jsp's with the new Tomcat version.</li>
+<li>Use java system property at server runtime to disable PageContext pooling
+<code>org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.USE_POOL=false</code>.
+and limit the buffering with
+<code>org.apache.jasper.runtime.BodyContentImpl.LIMIT_BUFFER=true</code>. Note
+that changing from the defaults may affect performance, but it will vary
+depending on the application.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Optimisation"><strong>Optimisation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+There are a number of extension points provided within Jasper that enable the
+user to optimise the behaviour for their environment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The first of these extension points is the tag plug-in mechanism. This allows
+alternative implementations of tag handlers to be provided for a web application
+to use. Tag plug-ins are registered via a <code>tagPlugins.xml</code> file
+located under <code>WEB-INF</code>. A sample plug-in for the JSTL is included
+with Jasper. 
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The second extension point is the Expression Language interpreter. Alternative
+interpreters may be configured through the <code>ServletContext</code>. See the
+<code>ELInterpreterFactory</code> javadoc for details of how to configure an
+alternative EL interpreter. 
+</p>
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+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>The Tomcat JDBC Connection Pool</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_use">How to use</a><ol><li><a href="#Additional_features">Additional features</a></li><li><a href="#Inside_the_Apache_Tomcat_Container">Inside the Apache Tomcat Container</a></li><li><a href="#Standalone">Standalone</a></li><li><a href="#JMX">JMX</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Attributes">Attributes</a><ol><li><a href="#JNDI_Factory_and_Type">JNDI Factory and Type</a></li><li><a href="#Common_Attributes">Common Attributes</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat_JDBC_Enhanced_Attributes">Tomcat JDBC Enhanced Attributes</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Advanced_usage">Advanced usage</a><ol><li><a href="#JDBC_interceptors">JDBC interceptors</a></li><li><a href="#Configuring_JDBC_interceptors">Configuring JDBC interceptors</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementCache">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementCache</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementDecoratorInterceptor">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementDecoratorInterceptor</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.QueryTimeoutInterceptor">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.QueryTimeoutInterceptor</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReport">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReport</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReportJmx">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReportJmx</a></li><li><a href="#org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ResetAbandonedTimer">org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ResetAbandonedTimer</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Code_Example">Code Example</a><ol><li><a href="#Plain_Ol'_Java">Plain Ol' Java</a></li><li><a href="#As_a_Resource">As a Resource</a></li><li><a href="#Asynchronous_Connection_Retrieval">Asynchronous Connection Retrieval</a></li><li><a href="#Interceptors">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="#Getting_the_actual_JDBC_connection">Getting the actual JDBC connection</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Building">Building</a><ol><li><a href="#Building_from_source">Building from source</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <strong>JDBC Connection Pool <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool</code></strong>
+  is a replacement or an alternative to the <a href="http://commons.apache.org/dbcp/">commons-dbcp</a>
+  connection pool.</p>
+
+  <p>So why do we need a new connection pool?</p>
+
+  <p>Here are a few of the reasons:
+    <ol>
+      <li>commons-dbcp is single threaded, in order to be thread safe commons-dbcp locks the entire pool, even during query validation.</li>
+      <li>commons-dbcp is slow - as the number of logical CPUs grow, the performance suffers, the above point shows that there is not support for high concurrency
+          Even with the enormous optimizations of the <code>synchronized</code> statement in Java 6, commons-dbcp still suffers in speed and concurrency.</li>
+      <li>commons-dbcp is complex, over 60 classes. tomcat-jdbc-pool, core is 8 classes, hence modifications for future requirement will require
+          much less changes. This is all you need to run the connection pool itself, the rest is gravy.</li>
+      <li>commons-dbcp uses static interfaces. This means you can't compile it with JDK 1.6, or if you run on JDK 1.6/1.7 you will get
+          <code>NoSuchMethodException</code> for all the methods not implemented, even if the driver supports it.  </li>
+      <li>The commons-dbcp has become fairly stagnant. Sparse updates, releases, and new feature support.</li>
+      <li>It's not worth rewriting over 60 classes, when something as a connection pool can be accomplished with as a much simpler implementation.</li>
+      <li>Tomcat jdbc pool implements a fairness option not available in commons-dbcp and still performs faster than commons-dbcp</li>
+      <li>Tomcat jdbc pool implements the ability retrieve a connection asynchronously, without adding additional threads to the library itself</li>
+      <li>Tomcat jdbc pool is a Tomcat module, it depends on Tomcat JULI, a simplified logging framework used in Tomcat.</li>
+      <li>Retrieve the underlying connection using the <code>javax.sql.PooledConnection</code> interface.</li>
+      <li>Starvation proof. If a pool is empty, and threads are waiting for a connection, when a connection is returned,
+          the pool will awake the correct thread waiting. Most pools will simply starve.</li>
+    </ol>
+  </p>
+
+  <p>Features added over other connection pool implementations
+    <ol>
+      <li>Support for highly concurrent environments and multi core/cpu systems.</li>
+      <li>Dynamic implementation of interface, will support <code>java.sql</code> and <code>javax.sql</code> interfaces for
+          your runtime environment (as long as your JDBC driver does the same), even when compiled with a lower version of the JDK.</li>
+      <li>Validation intervals - we don't have to validate every single time we use the connection, we can do this
+          when we borrow or return the connection, just not more frequent than an interval we can configure.</li>
+      <li>Run-Once query, a configurable query that will be run only once, when the connection to the database is established.
+          Very useful to setup session settings, that you want to exist during the entire time the connection is established.</li>
+      <li>Ability to configure custom interceptors.
+          This allows you to write custom interceptors to enhance the functionality. You can use interceptors to gather query stats,
+          cache session states, reconnect the connection upon failures, retry queries, cache query results, and so on.
+          Your options are endless and the interceptors are dynamic, not tied to a JDK version of a
+          <code>java.sql</code>/<code>javax.sql</code> interface.</li>
+      <li>High performance - we will show some differences in performance later on</li>
+      <li>Extremely simple, due to the very simplified implementation, the line count and source file count are very low, compare with c3p0
+          that has over 200 source files(last time we checked), Tomcat jdbc has a core of 8 files, the connection pool itself is about half
+          that. As bugs may occur, they will be faster to track down, and easier to fix. Complexity reduction has been a focus from inception.</li>
+      <li>Asynchronous connection retrieval - you can queue your request for a connection and receive a <code>Future&lt;Connection&gt;</code> back.</li>
+      <li>Better idle connection handling. Instead of closing connections directly, it can still pool connections and sizes the idle pool with a smarter algorithm.</li>
+      <li>You can decide at what moment connections are considered abandoned, is it when the pool is full, or directly at a timeout
+          by specifying a pool usage threshold.
+      </li>
+      <li>The abandon connection timer will reset upon a statement/query activity. Allowing a connections that is in use for a long time to not timeout.
+          This is achieved using the <code>ResetAbandonedTimer</code>
+      </li>
+      <li>Close connections after they have been connected for a certain time. Age based close upon return to the pool.
+      </li>
+      <li>Get JMX notifications and log entries when connections are suspected for being abandoned. This is similar to
+          the <code>removeAbandonedTimeout</code> but it doesn't take any action, only reports the information.
+          This is achieved using the <code>suspectTimeout</code> attribute.</li>
+      <li>Connections can be retrieved from a <code>java.sql.Driver</code>, <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> or <code>javax.sql.XADataSource</code>
+          This is achieved using the <code>dataSource</code> and <code>dataSourceJNDI</code> attributes.</li>
+      <li>XA connection support</li>
+    </ol>
+  </p>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="How to use"><!--()--></a><a name="How_to_use"><strong>How to use</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    Usage of the Tomcat connection pool has been made to be as simple as possible, for those of you that are familiar with commons-dbcp, the
+    transition will be very simple. Moving from other connection pools is also fairly straight forward.
+  </p>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Additional features"><!--()--></a><a name="Additional_features"><strong>Additional features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>The Tomcat connection pool offers a few additional features over what most other pools let you do:</p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><code>initSQL</code> - the ability to run a SQL statement exactly once, when the connection is created</li>
+      <li><code>validationInterval</code> - in addition to running validations on connections, avoid running them too frequently.</li>
+      <li><code>jdbcInterceptors</code> - flexible and pluggable interceptors to create any customizations around the pool,
+          the query execution and the result set handling. More on this in the advanced section.</li>
+      <li><code>fairQueue</code> - Set the fair flag to true to achieve thread fairness or to use asynchronous connection retrieval</li>
+    </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Inside the Apache Tomcat Container"><!--()--></a><a name="Inside_the_Apache_Tomcat_Container"><strong>Inside the Apache Tomcat Container</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      The Tomcat Connection pool is configured as a resource described in <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">The Tomcat JDBC documentation</a>
+      With the only difference being that you have to specify the <code>factory</code> attribute and set the value to
+      <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory</code>
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standalone"><strong>Standalone</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      The connection pool only has another dependency, and that is on tomcat-juli.jar.
+      To configure the pool in a stand alone project using bean instantiation, the bean to instantiate is
+      <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource</code>. The same attributes (documented below) as you use to configure a connection
+      pool as a JNDI resource, are used to configure a data source as a bean.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMX"><strong>JMX</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      The connection pool object exposes an MBean that can be registered.
+      In order for the connection pool object to create the MBean, the flag <code>jmxEnabled</code> has to be set to true.
+      This doesn't imply that the pool will be registered with an MBean server, merely that the MBean is created.
+      In a container like Tomcat, Tomcat itself registers the DataSource with the MBean server, the
+      <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource</code> object will then register the actual
+      connection pool MBean.
+      If you're running outside of a container, you can register the DataSource yourself under any object name you specify,
+      and it propagates the registration to the underlying pool. To do this you would call <code>mBeanServer.registerMBean(dataSource.getPool().getJmxPool(),objectname)</code>.
+      Prior to this call, ensure that the pool has been created by calling <code>dataSource.createPool()</code>.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Attributes"><strong>Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>To provide a very simple switch to and from commons-dbcp and tomcat-jdbc-pool,
+     Most attributes are the same and have the same meaning.</p>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JNDI Factory and Type"><!--()--></a><a name="JNDI_Factory_and_Type"><strong>JNDI Factory and Type</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">factory</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>factory is required, and the value should be <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory</code></p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">type</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>Type should always be <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> or <code>javax.sql.XADataSource</code></p>
+        <p>Depending on the type a <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource</code> or a <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.XADataSource</code> will be created.</p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Attributes"><strong>Common Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>These attributes are shared between commons-dbcp and tomcat-jdbc-pool, in some cases default values are different.</p>
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">defaultAutoCommit</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) The default auto-commit state of connections created by this pool. If not set, default is JDBC driver default (If not set then the <code>setAutoCommit</code> method will not be called.)</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">defaultReadOnly</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) The default read-only state of connections created by this pool. If not set then the <code>setReadOnly</code> method will not be called. (Some drivers don't support read only mode, ex: Informix)</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">defaultTransactionIsolation</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The default TransactionIsolation state of connections created by this pool. One of the following: (see javadoc )
+         <ul>
+           <li><code>NONE</code></li>
+           <li><code>READ_COMMITTED</code></li>
+           <li><code>READ_UNCOMMITTED</code></li>
+           <li><code>REPEATABLE_READ</code></li>
+           <li><code>SERIALIZABLE</code></li>
+         </ul>
+         If not set, the method will not be called and it defaults to the JDBC driver.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">defaultCatalog</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The default catalog of connections created by this pool.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">driverClassName</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The fully qualified Java class name of the JDBC driver to be used. The driver has to be accessible
+         from the same classloader as tomcat-jdbc.jar
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">username</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The connection username to be passed to our JDBC driver to establish a connection.
+         Note that method <code>DataSource.getConnection(username,password)</code>
+         by default will not use credentials passed into the method,
+         but will use the ones configured here. See <code>alternateUsernameAllowed</code>
+         property for more details.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">password</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The connection password to be passed to our JDBC driver to establish a connection.
+         Note that method <code>DataSource.getConnection(username,password)</code>
+         by default will not use credentials passed into the method,
+         but will use the ones configured here. See <code>alternateUsernameAllowed</code>
+         property for more details.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxActive</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The maximum number of active connections that can be allocated from this pool at the same time.
+         The default value is <code>100</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxIdle</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The maximum number of connections that should be kept in the pool at all times.
+         Default value is  <code>maxActive</code>:<code>100</code>
+         Idle connections are checked periodically (if enabled) and
+         connections that been idle for longer than <code>minEvictableIdleTimeMillis</code>
+         will be released. (also see <code>testWhileIdle</code>)</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minIdle</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>
+        (int) The minimum number of established connections that should be kept in the pool at all times.
+        The connection pool can shrink below this number if validation queries fail.
+        Default value is derived from <code>initialSize</code>:<code>10</code> (also see <code>testWhileIdle</code>)
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">initialSize</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int)The initial number of connections that are created when the pool is started.
+         Default value is <code>10</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxWait</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The maximum number of milliseconds that the pool will wait (when there are no available connections)
+         for a connection to be returned before throwing an exception.
+         Default value is <code>30000</code> (30 seconds)</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">testOnBorrow</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) The indication of whether objects will be validated before being borrowed from the pool.
+         If the object fails to validate, it will be dropped from the pool, and we will attempt to borrow another.
+         NOTE - for a true value to have any effect, the <code>validationQuery</code> parameter must be set to a non-null string.
+         In order to have a more efficient validation, see <code>validationInterval</code>.
+         Default value is <code>false</code>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">testOnReturn</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) The indication of whether objects will be validated before being returned to the pool.
+         NOTE - for a true value to have any effect, the <code>validationQuery</code> parameter must be set to a non-null string.
+         The default value is <code>false</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">testWhileIdle</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) The indication of whether objects will be validated by the idle object evictor (if any).
+         If an object fails to validate, it will be dropped from the pool.
+         NOTE - for a true value to have any effect, the <code>validationQuery</code> parameter must be set to a non-null string.
+         The default value is <code>false</code> and this property has to be set in order for the
+         pool cleaner/test thread is to run (also see <code>timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis</code>)
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">validationQuery</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The SQL query that will be used to validate connections from this pool before returning them to the caller.
+         If specified, this query does not have to return any data, it just can't throw a <code>SQLException</code>.
+         The default value is <code>null</code>.
+         Example values are <code>SELECT 1</code>(mysql), <code>select 1 from dual</code>(oracle), <code>SELECT 1</code>(MS Sql Server)
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">validatorClassName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The name of a class which implements the
+         <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.Validator</code> interface and
+         provides a no-arg constructor (may be implicit). If specified, the
+         class will be used to create a Validator instance which is then used
+         instead of any validation query to validate connections. The default
+         value is <code>null</code>. An example value is
+         <code>com.mycompany.project.SimpleValidator</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The number of milliseconds to sleep between runs of the idle connection validation/cleaner thread.
+         This value should not be set under 1 second. It dictates how often we check for idle, abandoned connections, and how often
+         we validate idle connections.
+         The default value is <code>5000</code> (5 seconds). <br>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">numTestsPerEvictionRun</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) Property not used in tomcat-jdbc-pool.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">minEvictableIdleTimeMillis</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) The minimum amount of time an object may sit idle in the pool before it is eligible for eviction.
+         The default value is <code>60000</code> (60 seconds).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Property not used. Access can be achieved by calling <code>unwrap</code> on the pooled connection.
+         see <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> interface, or call <code>getConnection</code> through reflection or
+         cast the object as <code>javax.sql.PooledConnection</code></p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">removeAbandoned</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Flag to remove abandoned connections if they exceed the <code>removeAbandonedTimeout</code>.
+         If set to true a connection is considered abandoned and eligible for removal if it has been in use
+         longer than the <code>removeAbandonedTimeout</code> Setting this to <code>true</code> can recover db connections from
+         applications that fail to close a connection. See also <code>logAbandoned</code>
+         The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">removeAbandonedTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) Timeout in seconds before an abandoned(in use) connection can be removed.
+         The default value is <code>60</code> (60 seconds). The value should be set to the longest running query your applications
+         might have.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">logAbandoned</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Flag to log stack traces for application code which abandoned a Connection.
+         Logging of abandoned Connections adds overhead for every Connection borrow because a stack trace has to be generated.
+         The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">connectionProperties</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The connection properties that will be sent to our JDBC driver when establishing new connections.
+         Format of the string must be [propertyName=property;]*
+         NOTE - The "user" and "password" properties will be passed explicitly, so they do not need to be included here.
+         The default value is <code>null</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">poolPreparedStatements</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Property not used.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxOpenPreparedStatements</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) Property not used.</p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat JDBC Enhanced Attributes"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_JDBC_Enhanced_Attributes"><strong>Tomcat JDBC Enhanced Attributes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">initSQL</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) A custom query to be run when a connection is first created.
+         The default value is <code>null</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">jdbcInterceptors</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) A semicolon separated list of classnames extending
+         <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor</code> class.
+         See <a href="#Configuring_JDBC_interceptors">Configuring JDBC interceptors</a>
+         below for more detailed description of syntaz and examples.
+      </p>
+      <p>
+         These interceptors will be inserted as an interceptor into the chain
+         of operations on a <code>java.sql.Connection</code> object.
+         The default value is <code>null</code>.
+      </p>
+      <p>
+         Predefined interceptors:<br>
+         <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.<br>ConnectionState</code>
+          - keeps track of auto commit, read only, catalog and transaction isolation level.<br>
+         <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.<br>StatementFinalizer</code>
+          - keeps track of opened statements, and closes them when the connection is returned to the pool.
+      </p>
+      <p>
+         More predefined interceptors are described in detail in the
+         <a href="#JDBC_interceptors">JDBC Interceptors section</a>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">validationInterval</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(long) avoid excess validation, only run validation at most at this frequency - time in milliseconds.
+         If a connection is due for validation, but has been validated previously within this interval, it will not be validated again.
+         The default value is <code>30000</code> (30 seconds).</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">jmxEnabled</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Register the pool with JMX or not.
+         The default value is <code>true</code>.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">fairQueue</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Set to true if you wish that calls to getConnection should be treated
+         fairly in a true FIFO fashion. This uses the <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.FairBlockingQueue</code>
+         implementation for the list of the idle connections. The default value is <code>true</code>.
+         This flag is required when you want to use asynchronous connection retrieval.<br>
+         Setting this flag ensures that threads receive connections in the order they arrive.<br>
+         During performance tests, there is a very large difference in how locks
+         and lock waiting is implemented. When <code>fairQueue=true</code>
+         there is a decision making process based on what operating system the system is running.
+         If the system is running on Linux (property <code>os.name=Linux</code>.
+         To disable this Linux specific behavior and still use the fair queue, simply add the property
+         <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.FairBlockingQueue.ignoreOS=true</code> to your system properties
+         before the connection pool classes are loaded.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">abandonWhenPercentageFull</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) Connections that have been abandoned (timed out) wont get closed and reported up unless
+         the number of connections in use are above the percentage defined by <code>abandonWhenPercentageFull</code>.
+         The value should be between 0-100.
+         The default value is <code>0</code>, which implies that connections are eligible for closure as soon
+         as <code>removeAbandonedTimeout</code> has been reached.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxAge</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(long) Time in milliseconds to keep this connection. When a connection is returned to the pool,
+         the pool will check to see if the <code>now - time-when-connected &gt; maxAge</code> has been reached,
+         and if so, it closes the connection rather than returning it to the pool.
+         The default value is <code>0</code>, which implies that connections will be left open and no age check
+         will be done upon returning the connection to the pool.</p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useEquals</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Set to true if you wish the <code>ProxyConnection</code> class to use <code>String.equals</code> and set to <code>false</code>
+         when you wish to use <code>==</code> when comparing method names. This property does not apply to added interceptors as those are configured individually.
+         The default value is <code>true</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">suspectTimeout</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(int) Timeout value in seconds. Default value is <code>0</code>.<br>
+           Similar to to the <code>removeAbandonedTimeout</code> value but instead of treating the connection
+           as abandoned, and potentially closing the connection, this simply logs the warning if
+           <code>logAbandoned</code> is set to true. If this value is equal or less than 0, no suspect
+           checking will be performed. Suspect checking only takes place if the timeout value is larger than 0 and
+           the connection was not abandoned or if abandon check is disabled. If a connection is suspect a WARN message gets
+           logged and a JMX notification gets sent once.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">rollbackOnReturn</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) If <code>autoCommit==false</code> then the pool can terminate the transaction by calling rollback on the connection as it is returned to the pool
+          Default value is <code>false</code>.<br>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">commitOnReturn</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) If <code>autoCommit==false</code> then the pool can complete the transaction by calling commit on the connection as it is returned to the pool
+          If <code>rollbackOnReturn==true</code> then this attribute is ignored.
+          Default value is <code>false</code>.<br>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">alternateUsernameAllowed</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) By default, the jdbc-pool will ignore the
+         <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/sql/DataSource.html#getConnection(java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String)"><code>DataSource.getConnection(username,password)</code></a>
+         call, and simply return a previously pooled connection under the globally configured properties <code>username</code> and <code>password</code>, for performance reasons.
+      </p>
+      <p>
+         The pool can however be configured to allow use of different credentials
+         each time a connection is requested.  To enable the functionality described in the
+         <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/sql/DataSource.html#getConnection(java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String)"><code>DataSource.getConnection(username,password)</code></a>
+         call, simply set the property <code>alternateUsernameAllowed</code>
+         to <code>true</code>.<br>
+         Should you request a connection with the credentials user1/password1 and the connection
+         was previously connected using different user2/password2, the connection will be closed,
+         and reopened with the requested credentials. This way, the pool size is still managed
+         on a global level, and not on a per schema level. <br>
+         The default value is <code>false</code>.<br>
+         This property was added as an enhancement to <a href="https://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=50025">bug 50025</a>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">dataSource</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(javax.sql.DataSource) Inject a data source to the connection pool, and the pool will use the data source to retrieve connections instead of establishing them using the <code>java.sql.Driver</code> interface.
+         This is useful when you wish to pool XA connections or connections established using a data source instead of a connection string. Default value is <code>null</code>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">dataSourceJNDI</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(String) The JNDI name for a data source to be looked up in JNDI and then used to establish connections to the database. See the <code>dataSource</code> attribute. Default value is <code>null</code>
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useDisposableConnectionFacade</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Set this to true if you wish to put a facade on your connection so that it cannot be reused after it has been closed. This prevents a thread holding on to a
+                   reference of a connection it has already called closed on, to execute queries on it. Default value is <code>true</code>.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">logValidationErrors</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Set this to true to log errors during the validation phase to the log file. If set to true, errors will be logged as SEVERE. Default value is <code>false</code> for backwards compatibility.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">propagateInterruptState</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+      <p>(boolean) Set this to true to propagate the interrupt state for a thread that has been interrupted (not clearing the interrupt state). Default value is <code>false</code> for backwards compatibility.
+      </p>
+    </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Advanced usage"><!--()--></a><a name="Advanced_usage"><strong>Advanced usage</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JDBC interceptors"><!--()--></a><a name="JDBC_interceptors"><strong>JDBC interceptors</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>To see an example of how to use an interceptor, take a look at
+    <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState</code>.
+    This simple interceptor is a cache of three attributes, transaction isolation level, auto commit and read only state,
+    in order for the system to avoid not needed roundtrips to the database.
+    </p>
+    <p>Further interceptors will be added to the core of the pool as the need arises. Contributions are always welcome!</p>
+    <p>Interceptors are of course not limited to just <code>java.sql.Connection</code> but can be used to wrap any
+    of the results from a method invokation as well. You could build query performance analyzer that provides JMX notifications when a
+    query is running longer than the expected time.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuring JDBC interceptors"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuring_JDBC_interceptors"><strong>Configuring JDBC interceptors</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Configuring JDBC interceptors is done using the <b>jdbcInterceptors</b> property.
+    The property contains a list of semicolon separated class names. If the
+    classname is not fully qualified it will be prefixed with the
+    <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.</code> prefix.
+    </p>
+    <p>Example:<br>
+      <code>
+      jdbcInterceptors="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;
+        org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer"
+      </code>
+      <br>
+      is the same as
+      <br>
+      <code> jdbcInterceptors="ConnectionState;StatementFinalizer"</code>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Interceptors can have properties as well. Properties for an interceptor
+    are specified within parentheses after the class name. Several properties
+    are separated by commas.
+    </p>
+    <p>Example:<br>
+    <code>
+      jdbcInterceptors="ConnectionState;StatementFinalizer(useEquals=true)"
+    </code>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    Extra whitespace characters around class names, property names and values
+    are ignored.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Abstract base class for all interceptors, can not be instantiated.</p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">useEquals</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(boolean) Set to true if you wish the <code>ProxyConnection</code> class to use <code>String.equals</code> and set to <code>false</code>
+         when you wish to use <code>==</code> when comparing method names.
+         The default value is <code>true</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Caches the connection for the following attributes <code>autoCommit</code>, <code>readOnly</code>,
+       <code>transactionIsolation</code> and <code>catalog</code>.
+       It is a performance enhancement to avoid roundtrip to the database when getters are called or setters are called with an already set value.
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Keeps track of all statements created using <code>createStatement</code>, <code>prepareStatement</code> or <code>prepareCall</code>
+       and closes these statements when the connection is returned to the pool.
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementCache"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementCache</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Caches <code>PreparedStatement</code> and/or <code>CallableStatement</code>
+       instances on a connection.
+    </p>
+    <p>The statements are cached per connection.
+       The count limit is counted globally for all connections that belong to
+       the same pool. Once the count reaches <code>max</code>, subsequent
+       statements are not returned to the cache and are closed immediately.
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">prepared</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(boolean as String) Enable caching of <code>PreparedStatement</code>
+           instances created using <code>prepareStatement</code> calls.
+           The default value is <code>true</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">callable</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(boolean as String) Enable caching of <code>CallableStatement</code>
+           instances created using <code>prepareCall</code> calls.
+           The default value is <code>false</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">max</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int as String) Limit on the count of cached statements across
+           the connection pool.
+           The default value is <code>50</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementDecoratorInterceptor"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementDecoratorInterceptor</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>See <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48392">48392</a>. Interceptor to wrap statements and result sets in order to prevent access to the actual connection
+       using the methods <code>ResultSet.getStatement().getConnection()</code> and <code>Statement.getConnection()</code>
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.QueryTimeoutInterceptor"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.QueryTimeoutInterceptor</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Automatically calls <code>java.sql.Statement.setQueryTimeout(seconds)</code> when a new statement is created.
+       The pool itself doesn't timeout the query, it is still up to the JDBC driver to enforce query timeouts.
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><strong><code class="attributeName">queryTimeout</code></strong></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int as String) The number of seconds to set for the query timeout
+           The default value is <code>1000</code> milliseconds.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReport"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReport</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Keeps track of query performance and issues log entries when queries exceed a time threshold of fail.
+       The log level used is <code>WARN</code>
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">threshold</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int as String) The number of milliseconds a query has to exceed before issuing a log alert.
+           The default value is <code>1000</code> milliseconds.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">maxQueries</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(int as String) The maximum number of queries to keep track of in order to preserve memory space
+           The default value is <code>1000</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReportJmx"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReportJmx</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Extends the <code>SlowQueryReport</code> and in addition to log entries it issues JMX notification
+       for monitoring tools to react to. Inherits all the attributes from its parent class.
+       This class uses Tomcat's JMX engine so it wont work outside of the Tomcat container.
+       By default, JMX notifications are sent through the ConnectionPool mbean if it is enabled.
+       The <code>SlowQueryReportJmx</code> can also register an MBean if <code>notifyPool=false</code>
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">notifyPool</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(boolean as String) Set to false if you want JMX notifications to go to the <code>SlowQueryReportJmx</code> MBean
+           The default value is <code>true</code>.
+        </p>
+      </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="center"><code class="attributeName">objectName</code></td><td align="left" valign="center">
+        <p>(String) Define a valid <code>javax.management.ObjectName</code> string that will be used to register this object with the platform mbean server
+           The default value is <code>null</code> and the object will be registered using
+           tomcat.jdbc:type=org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.SlowQueryReportJmx,name=the-name-of-the-pool
+        </p>
+      </td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ResetAbandonedTimer"><strong>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ResetAbandonedTimer</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+        The abandoned timer starts when a connection is checked out from the pool.
+        This means if you have a 30second timeout and run 10x10second queries using the connection
+        it will be marked abandoned and potentially reclaimed depending on the <code>abandonWhenPercentageFull</code>
+        attribute.
+        Using this interceptor it will reset the checkout timer every time you perform an operation on the connection or execute a
+        query successfully.
+    </p>
+    <table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><th width="15%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Attribute</font></th><th width="85%" bgcolor="#023264"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Code Example"><!--()--></a><a name="Code_Example"><strong>Code Example</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Other examples of Tomcat configuration for JDBC usage can be found <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">in the Tomcat documentation</a>. </p>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Plain Ol' Java"><!--()--></a><a name="Plain_Ol'_Java"><strong>Plain Ol' Java</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Here is a simple example of how to create and use a data source.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  import java.sql.Connection;
+  import java.sql.ResultSet;
+  import java.sql.Statement;
+
+  import org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource;
+  import org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PoolProperties;
+
+  public class SimplePOJOExample {
+
+      public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+          PoolProperties p = new PoolProperties();
+          p.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql");
+          p.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
+          p.setUsername("root");
+          p.setPassword("password");
+          p.setJmxEnabled(true);
+          p.setTestWhileIdle(false);
+          p.setTestOnBorrow(true);
+          p.setValidationQuery("SELECT 1");
+          p.setTestOnReturn(false);
+          p.setValidationInterval(30000);
+          p.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(30000);
+          p.setMaxActive(100);
+          p.setInitialSize(10);
+          p.setMaxWait(10000);
+          p.setRemoveAbandonedTimeout(60);
+          p.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(30000);
+          p.setMinIdle(10);
+          p.setLogAbandoned(true);
+          p.setRemoveAbandoned(true);
+          p.setJdbcInterceptors(
+            "org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;"+
+            "org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer");
+          DataSource datasource = new DataSource();
+          datasource.setPoolProperties(p);
+
+          Connection con = null;
+          try {
+            con = datasource.getConnection();
+            Statement st = con.createStatement();
+            ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from user");
+            int cnt = 1;
+            while (rs.next()) {
+                System.out.println((cnt++)+". Host:" +rs.getString("Host")+
+                  " User:"+rs.getString("User")+" Password:"+rs.getString("Password"));
+            }
+            rs.close();
+            st.close();
+          } finally {
+            if (con!=null) try {con.close();}catch (Exception ignore) {}
+          }
+      }
+
+  }
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="As a Resource"><!--()--></a><a name="As_a_Resource"><strong>As a Resource</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>And here is an example on how to configure a resource for JNDI lookups</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Resource name="jdbc/TestDB"
+          auth="Container"
+          type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+          factory="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory"
+          testWhileIdle="true"
+          testOnBorrow="true"
+          testOnReturn="false"
+          validationQuery="SELECT 1"
+          validationInterval="30000"
+          timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="30000"
+          maxActive="100"
+          minIdle="10"
+          maxWait="10000"
+          initialSize="10"
+          removeAbandonedTimeout="60"
+          removeAbandoned="true"
+          logAbandoned="true"
+          minEvictableIdleTimeMillis="30000"
+          jmxEnabled="true"
+          jdbcInterceptors="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;
+            org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer"
+          username="root"
+          password="password"
+          driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
+          url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Asynchronous Connection Retrieval"><!--()--></a><a name="Asynchronous_Connection_Retrieval"><strong>Asynchronous Connection Retrieval</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p> The Tomcat JDBC connection pool supports asynchronous connection retrieval without adding additional threads to the
+        pool library. It does this by adding a method to the data source called <code>Future&lt;Connection&gt; getConnectionAsync()</code>.
+        In order to use the async retrieval, two conditions must be met:
+        <ol>
+          <li>You must configure the <code>fairQueue</code> property to be <code>true</code>.</li>
+          <li>You will have to cast the data source to <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource</code></li>
+        </ol>
+        An example of using the async feature is show below.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  Connection con = null;
+  try {
+    Future&lt;Connection&gt; future = datasource.getConnectionAsync();
+    while (!future.isDone()) {
+      System.out.println("Connection is not yet available. Do some background work");
+      try {
+        Thread.sleep(100); //simulate work
+      }catch (InterruptedException x) {
+        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+      }
+    }
+    con = future.get(); //should return instantly
+    Statement st = con.createStatement();
+    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from user");
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Interceptors"><strong>Interceptors</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Interceptors are a powerful way to enable, disable or modify functionality on a specific connection or its sub components.
+       There are many different use cases for when interceptors are useful. By default, and for performance reasons, the connection pool is stateless.
+       The only state the pool itself inserts are <code>defaultAutoCommit</code>, <code>defaultReadOnly</code>, <code>defaultTransactionIsolation</code>, <code>defaultCatalog</code> if
+       these are set. These 4 properties are only set upon connection creation. Should these properties be modified during the usage of the connection,
+       the pool itself will not reset them.</p>
+    <p>An interceptor has to extend the <code>org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor</code> class. This class is fairly simple,
+       You will need to have a no arg constructor</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  public JdbcInterceptor() {
+  }
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+       When a connection is borrowed from the pool, the interceptor can initialize or in some other way react to the event by implementing the
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  public abstract void reset(ConnectionPool parent, PooledConnection con);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+       method. This method gets called with two parameters, a reference to the connection pool itself <code>ConnectionPool parent</code>
+       and a reference to the underlying connection <code>PooledConnection con</code>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+       When a method on the <code>java.sql.Connection</code> object is invoked, it will cause the
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+       method to get invoked. The <code>Method method</code> is the actual method invoked, and <code>Object[] args</code> are the arguments.
+       To look at a very simple example, where we demonstrate how to make the invokation to <code>java.sql.Connection.close()</code> a noop
+       if the connection has been closed
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  if (CLOSE_VAL==method.getName()) {
+      if (isClosed()) return null; //noop for already closed.
+  }
+  return super.invoke(proxy,method,args);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+        There is an observation being made. It is the comparison of the method name. One way to do this would be to do
+        <code>"close".equals(method.getName())</code>.
+        Above we see a direct reference comparison between the method name and <code>static final String</code> reference.
+        According to the JVM spec, method names and static final String end up in a shared constant pool, so the reference comparison should work.
+        One could of course do this as well:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  if (compare(CLOSE_VAL,method)) {
+      if (isClosed()) return null; //noop for already closed.
+  }
+  return super.invoke(proxy,method,args);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+        The <code>compare(String,Method)</code> will use the <code>useEquals</code> flag on an interceptor and do either reference comparison or
+        a string value comparison when the <code>useEquals=true</code> flag is set.
+    </p>
+    <p>Pool start/stop<br>
+       When the connection pool is started or closed, you can be notifed. You will only be notified once per interceptor class
+       even though it is an instance method. and you will be notified using an interceptor currently not attached to a pool.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  public void poolStarted(ConnectionPool pool) {
+  }
+
+  public void poolClosed(ConnectionPool pool) {
+  }
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+       When overriding these methods, don't forget to call super if you are extending a class other than <code>JdbcInterceptor</code>
+    </p>
+    <p>Configuring interceptors<br>
+       Interceptors are configured using the <code>jdbcInterceptors</code> property or the <code>setJdbcInterceptors</code> method.
+       An interceptor can have properties, and would be configured like this
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  String jdbcInterceptors=
+    "org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState(useEquals=true,fast=yes)"
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+    <p>Interceptor properties<br>
+       Since interceptors can have properties, you need to be able to read the values of these properties within your
+       interceptor. Taking an example like the one above, you can override the <code>setProperties</code> method.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  public void setProperties(Map&lt;String, InterceptorProperty&gt; properties) {
+     super.setProperties(properties);
+     final String myprop = "myprop";
+     InterceptorProperty p1 = properties.get(myprop);
+     if (p1!=null) {
+         setMyprop(Long.parseLong(p1.getValue()));
+     }
+  }
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Getting the actual JDBC connection"><!--()--></a><a name="Getting_the_actual_JDBC_connection"><strong>Getting the actual JDBC connection</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Connection pools create wrappers around the actual connection in order to properly pool them.
+       We also create interceptors in these wrappers to be able to perform certain functions.
+       If there is a need to retrieve the actual connection, one can do so using the <code>javax.sql.PooledConnection</code>
+       interface.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  Connection con = datasource.getConnection();
+  Connection actual = ((javax.sql.PooledConnection)con).getConnection();
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Building"><strong>Building</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>We build the JDBC pool code with 1.6, but it is backwards compatible down to 1.5 for runtime environment. For unit test, we use 1.6 and higher</p>
+  <p>Other examples of Tomcat configuration for JDBC usage can be found <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">in the Tomcat documentation</a>. </p>
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Building from source"><!--()--></a><a name="Building_from_source"><strong>Building from source</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Building is pretty simple. The pool has a dependency on <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> and in case you want the <code>SlowQueryReportJmx</code></p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  javac -classpath tomcat-juli.jar \
+        -d . \
+        org/apache/tomcat/jdbc/pool/*.java \
+        org/apache/tomcat/jdbc/pool/interceptor/*.java \
+        org/apache/tomcat/jdbc/pool/jmx/*.java
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+       A build file can be found in the Tomcat <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tomcat/trunk/modules/jdbc-pool/">source repository</a>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      As a convenience, a build file is also included where a simple build command will generate all files needed.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  ant download  (downloads dependencies)
+  ant build     (compiles and generates .jar files)
+  ant dist      (creates a release package)
+  ant test      (runs tests, expects a test database to be setup)
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The system is structured for a Maven build, but does generate release artifacts. Just the library itself.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - JNDI Datasource HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Les Hughes"><meta name="author" content="David Haraburda"><meta name="author" content="Glenn Nielsen"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>JNDI Datasource HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#DriverManager,_the_service_provider_mechanism_and_memory_leaks">DriverManager, the service provider mechanism and memory leaks</a></li><li><a href="#Database_Connection_Pool_(DBCP)_Configurations">Database Connection Pool (DBCP) Configurations</a><ol><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li><li><a href="#Preventing_database_connection_pool_leaks">Preventing database connection pool leaks</a></li><li><a href="#MySQL_DBCP_Example">MySQL DBCP Example</a></li><li><a href="#Oracle_8i,_9i_&amp;_10g">Oracle 8i, 9i &amp; 10g</a></li><li><a href="#PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Non-DBCP_Solutions">Non-DBCP Solutions</a></li><li><a href="#Oracle_8i_with_OCI_client">Oracle 8i with OCI client</a><ol><li><a href="#Oracle_8i_with_OCI_client/Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Putting_it_all_together">Putting it all together</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Common_Problems">Common Problems</a><ol><li><a href="#Intermittent_Database_Connection_Failures">Intermittent Database Connection Failures</a></li><li><a href="#Random_Connection_Closed_Exceptions">Random Connection Closed Exceptions</a></li><li><a href="#Context_versus_GlobalNamingResources">Context versus GlobalNamingResources</a></li><li><a href="#JNDI_Resource_Naming_and_Realm_Interaction">JNDI Resource Naming and Realm Interaction</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>JNDI Datasource configuration is covered extensively in the
+JNDI-Resources-HOWTO.  However, feedback from <code>tomcat-user</code> has
+shown that specifics for individual configurations can be rather tricky.</p>
+
+<p>Here then are some example configurations that have been posted to
+tomcat-user for popular databases and some general tips for db usage.</p>
+
+<p>You should be aware that since these notes are derived from configuration
+and/or feedback posted to <code>tomcat-user</code> YMMV :-). Please let us
+know if you have any other tested configurations that you feel may be of use
+to the wider audience, or if you feel we can improve this section in anyway.</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>Please note that JNDI resource configuration changed somewhat between
+Tomcat 5.0.x and Tomcat 5.5.x.</b>  You will most likely need to modify older
+JNDI resource configurations to match the syntax in the example below in order
+to make them work in Tomcat 7.x.x.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Also, please note that JNDI DataSource configuration in general, and this
+tutorial in particular, assumes that you have read and understood the
+<a href="config/context.html">Context</a> and
+<a href="config/host.html">Host</a> configuration references, including
+the section about Automatic Application Deployment in the latter reference.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="DriverManager, the service provider mechanism and memory leaks"><!--()--></a><a name="DriverManager,_the_service_provider_mechanism_and_memory_leaks"><strong>DriverManager, the service provider mechanism and memory leaks</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p><code>java.sql.DriverManager</code> supports the
+<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/index.html?java/sql/DriverManager.html">service
+provider</a> mechanism. This feature is that all the available JDBC drivers
+that announce themselves by providing a <code>META-INF/services/java.sql.Driver</code>
+file are automatically discovered, loaded and registered,
+relieving you from the need to load the database driver explicitly before
+you create a JDBC connection.
+However, the implementation is fundamentally broken in all Java versions for
+a servlet container environment. The problem is that
+<code>java.sql.DriverManager</code> will scan for the drivers only once.</p>
+
+<p>The <a href="config/listeners.html">JRE Memory Leak Prevention Listener</a>
+that is included with Apache Tomcat solves this by triggering the drivers scan
+during Tomcat startup. This is enabled by default. It means that only
+libraries visible to the listener such as the ones in
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code> will be scanned for database drivers.
+If you are considering disabling this feature, note that
+the scan would be triggered by the first web application that is
+using JDBC, leading to failures when this web application is reloaded
+and for other web applications that rely on this feature.
+</p>
+
+<p>Thus, the web applications that have database drivers in their
+<code>WEB-INF/lib</code> directory cannot rely on the service provider
+mechanism and should register the drivers explicitly.</p>
+
+<p>The list of drivers in <code>java.sql.DriverManager</code> is also
+a known source of memory leaks. Any Drivers registered
+by a web application must be deregistered when the web application stops.
+Tomcat will attempt to automatically discover and deregister any
+JDBC drivers loaded by the web application class loader when the web
+application stops.
+However, it is expected that applications do this for themselves via
+a <code>ServletContextListener</code>.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Database Connection Pool (DBCP) Configurations"><!--()--></a><a name="Database_Connection_Pool_(DBCP)_Configurations"><strong>Database Connection Pool (DBCP) Configurations</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The default database connection pool implementation in Apache Tomcat
+relies on the libraries from the
+<a href="http://commons.apache.org/">Apache Commons</a> project.
+The following libraries are used:
+</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li>Commons DBCP</li>
+<li>Commons Pool</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>
+These libraries are located in a single JAR at
+<code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib/tomcat-dbcp.jar</code>. However,
+only the classes needed for connection pooling have been included, and the
+packages have been renamed to avoid interfering with applications.
+</p>
+
+<p>DBCP 1.4 provides support for JDBC 4.0.</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>See the <a href="http://commons.apache.org/dbcp/configuration.html">
+DBCP documentation</a> for a complete list of configuration parameters.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Preventing database connection pool leaks"><!--()--></a><a name="Preventing_database_connection_pool_leaks"><strong>Preventing database connection pool leaks</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>
+A database connection pool creates and manages a pool of connections
+to a database. Recycling and reusing already existing connections
+to a database is more efficient than opening a new connection.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There is one problem with connection pooling.  A web application has
+to explicitly close ResultSet's, Statement's, and Connection's.
+Failure of a web application to close these resources can result in
+them never being available again for reuse, a database connection pool "leak".
+This can eventually result in your web application database connections failing
+if there are no more available connections.</p>
+
+<p>
+There is a solution to this problem.  The Apache Commons DBCP can be
+configured to track and recover these abandoned database connections.  Not
+only can it recover them, but also generate a stack trace for the code
+which opened these resources and never closed them.</p>
+
+<p>
+To configure a DBCP DataSource so that abandoned database connections are
+removed and recycled add the following attribute to the
+<code>Resource</code> configuration for your DBCP DataSource:
+</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>removeAbandoned="true"</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>
+When available database connections run low DBCP will recover and recycle
+any abandoned database connections it finds. The default is <code>false</code>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Use the <code>removeAbandonedTimeout</code> attribute to set the number
+of seconds a database connection has been idle before it is considered abandoned.
+</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>removeAbandonedTimeout="60"</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>
+The default timeout for removing abandoned connections is 300 seconds.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The <code>logAbandoned</code> attribute can be set to <code>true</code>
+if you want DBCP to log a stack trace of the code which abandoned the
+database connection resources.
+</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>logAbandoned="true"</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>
+The default is <code>false</code>.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="MySQL DBCP Example"><!--()--></a><a name="MySQL_DBCP_Example"><strong>MySQL DBCP Example</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<h3>0. Introduction</h3>
+<p>Versions of <a href="http://www.mysql.com/products/mysql/index.html">MySQL</a> and JDBC
+drivers that have been reported to work:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li>MySQL 3.23.47, MySQL 3.23.47 using InnoDB,, MySQL 3.23.58,  MySQL 4.0.1alpha</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.mysql.com/products/connector-j">Connector/J</a> 3.0.11-stable (the official JDBC Driver)</li>
+<li><a href="http://mmmysql.sourceforge.net">mm.mysql</a> 2.0.14 (an old 3rd party JDBC Driver)</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Before you proceed, don't forget to copy the JDBC Driver's jar into <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>.</p>
+
+<h3>1. MySQL configuration</h3>
+<p>
+Ensure that you follow these instructions as variations can cause problems.
+</p>
+
+<p>Create a new test user, a new database and a single test table.
+Your MySQL user <strong>must</strong> have a password assigned. The driver
+will fail if you try to connect with an empty password.
+</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+mysql&gt; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO javauser@localhost
+    -&gt;   IDENTIFIED BY 'javadude' WITH GRANT OPTION;
+mysql&gt; create database javatest;
+mysql&gt; use javatest;
+mysql&gt; create table testdata (
+    -&gt;   id int not null auto_increment primary key,
+    -&gt;   foo varchar(25),
+    -&gt;   bar int);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<blockquote>
+<strong>Note:</strong> the above user should be removed once testing is
+complete!
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>Next insert some test data into the testdata table.
+</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+mysql&gt; insert into testdata values(null, 'hello', 12345);
+Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
+
+mysql&gt; select * from testdata;
++----+-------+-------+
+| ID | FOO   | BAR   |
++----+-------+-------+
+|  1 | hello | 12345 |
++----+-------+-------+
+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+
+mysql&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>2. Context configuration</h3>
+<p>Configure the JNDI DataSource in Tomcat by adding a declaration for your
+resource to your <a href="config/context.html">Context</a>.</p>
+<p>For example:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+
+    &lt;!-- maxActive: Maximum number of database connections in pool. Make sure you
+         configure your mysqld max_connections large enough to handle
+         all of your db connections. Set to -1 for no limit.
+         --&gt;
+
+    &lt;!-- maxIdle: Maximum number of idle database connections to retain in pool.
+         Set to -1 for no limit.  See also the DBCP documentation on this
+         and the minEvictableIdleTimeMillis configuration parameter.
+         --&gt;
+
+    &lt;!-- maxWait: Maximum time to wait for a database connection to become available
+         in ms, in this example 10 seconds. An Exception is thrown if
+         this timeout is exceeded.  Set to -1 to wait indefinitely.
+         --&gt;
+
+    &lt;!-- username and password: MySQL username and password for database connections  --&gt;
+
+    &lt;!-- driverClassName: Class name for the old mm.mysql JDBC driver is
+         org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver - we recommend using Connector/J though.
+         Class name for the official MySQL Connector/J driver is com.mysql.jdbc.Driver.
+         --&gt;
+
+    &lt;!-- url: The JDBC connection url for connecting to your MySQL database.
+         --&gt;
+
+  &lt;Resource name="jdbc/TestDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+               maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000"
+               username="javauser" password="javadude" driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
+               url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javatest"/&gt;
+
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>3. web.xml configuration</h3>
+
+<p>Now create a <code>WEB-INF/web.xml</code> for this test application.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
+    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
+http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
+    version="2.4"&gt;
+  &lt;description&gt;MySQL Test App&lt;/description&gt;
+  &lt;resource-ref&gt;
+      &lt;description&gt;DB Connection&lt;/description&gt;
+      &lt;res-ref-name&gt;jdbc/TestDB&lt;/res-ref-name&gt;
+      &lt;res-type&gt;javax.sql.DataSource&lt;/res-type&gt;
+      &lt;res-auth&gt;Container&lt;/res-auth&gt;
+  &lt;/resource-ref&gt;
+&lt;/web-app&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>4. Test code</h3>
+<p>Now create a simple <code>test.jsp</code> page for use later.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql" %&gt;
+&lt;%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %&gt;
+
+&lt;sql:query var="rs" dataSource="jdbc/TestDB"&gt;
+select id, foo, bar from testdata
+&lt;/sql:query&gt;
+
+&lt;html&gt;
+  &lt;head&gt;
+    &lt;title&gt;DB Test&lt;/title&gt;
+  &lt;/head&gt;
+  &lt;body&gt;
+
+  &lt;h2&gt;Results&lt;/h2&gt;
+
+&lt;c:forEach var="row" items="${rs.rows}"&gt;
+    Foo ${row.foo}&lt;br/&gt;
+    Bar ${row.bar}&lt;br/&gt;
+&lt;/c:forEach&gt;
+
+  &lt;/body&gt;
+&lt;/html&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+<p>That JSP page makes use of <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/jstl">JSTL</a>'s
+SQL and Core taglibs. You can get it from
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/taglibs/standard/">Apache Tomcat Taglibs - Standard Tag Library</a>
+project &mdash; just make sure you get a 1.1.x or later release. Once you have
+JSTL, copy <code>jstl.jar</code> and <code>standard.jar</code> to your web app's
+<code>WEB-INF/lib</code> directory.
+
+</p>
+
+<p>Finally deploy your web app into <code>$CATALINA_BASE/webapps</code> either
+as a warfile called <code>DBTest.war</code> or into a sub-directory called
+<code>DBTest</code></p>
+<p>Once deployed, point a browser at
+<code>http://localhost:8080/DBTest/test.jsp</code> to view the fruits of
+your hard work.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Oracle 8i, 9i &amp; 10g"><!--()--></a><a name="Oracle_8i,_9i_&amp;_10g"><strong>Oracle 8i, 9i &amp; 10g</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<h3>0.    Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>Oracle requires minimal changes from the MySQL configuration except for the
+usual gotchas :-)</p>
+<p>Drivers for older Oracle versions may be distributed as *.zip files rather
+than *.jar files. Tomcat will only use <code>*.jar</code> files installed in
+<code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>. Therefore <code>classes111.zip</code>
+or <code>classes12.zip</code> will need to be renamed with a <code>.jar</code>
+extension. Since jarfiles are zipfiles, there is no need to unzip and jar these
+files - a simple rename will suffice.</p>
+
+<p>For Oracle 9i onwards you should use <code>oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</code>
+rather than <code>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</code> as Oracle have stated
+that <code>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</code> is deprecated and support
+for this driver class will be discontinued in the next major release.
+</p>
+
+<h3>1. Context configuration</h3>
+<p>In a similar manner to the mysql config above, you will need to define your
+Datasource in your <a href="config/context.html">Context</a>. Here we define a
+Datasource called myoracle using the thin driver to connect as user scott,
+password tiger to the sid called mysid. (Note: with the thin driver this sid is
+not the same as the tnsname). The schema used will be the default schema for the
+user scott.</p>
+
+<p>Use of the OCI driver should simply involve a changing thin to oci in the URL string.
+</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Resource name="jdbc/myoracle" auth="Container"
+              type="javax.sql.DataSource" driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"
+              url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:mysid"
+              username="scott" password="tiger" maxActive="20" maxIdle="10"
+              maxWait="-1"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>2.    web.xml configuration</h3>
+<p>You should ensure that you respect the element ordering defined by the DTD when you
+create you applications web.xml file.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-ref&gt;
+ &lt;description&gt;Oracle Datasource example&lt;/description&gt;
+ &lt;res-ref-name&gt;jdbc/myoracle&lt;/res-ref-name&gt;
+ &lt;res-type&gt;javax.sql.DataSource&lt;/res-type&gt;
+ &lt;res-auth&gt;Container&lt;/res-auth&gt;
+&lt;/resource-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<h3>3.   Code example</h3>
+<p>You can use the same example application as above (asuming you create the required DB
+instance, tables etc.) replacing the Datasource code with something like</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Context initContext = new InitialContext();
+Context envContext  = (Context)initContext.lookup("java:/comp/env");
+DataSource ds = (DataSource)envContext.lookup("jdbc/myoracle");
+Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
+//etc.
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="PostgreSQL"><strong>PostgreSQL</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<h3>0.    Introduction</h3>
+<p>PostgreSQL is configured in a similar manner to Oracle.</p>
+
+<h3>1. Required files </h3>
+<p>
+Copy the Postgres JDBC jar to $CATALINA_HOME/lib. As with Oracle, the
+jars need to be in this directory in order for DBCP's Classloader to find
+them. This has to be done regardless of which configuration step you take next.
+</p>
+
+<h3>2. Resource configuration</h3>
+
+<p>
+You have two choices here: define a datasource that is shared across all Tomcat
+applications, or define a datasource specifically for one application.
+</p>
+
+<h4>2a. Shared resource configuration</h4>
+<p>
+Use this option if you wish to define a datasource that is shared across
+multiple Tomcat applications, or if you just prefer defining your datasource
+in this file.
+</p>
+<p><i>This author has not had success here, although others have reported so.
+Clarification would be appreciated here.</i></p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Resource name="jdbc/postgres" auth="Container"
+          type="javax.sql.DataSource" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver"
+          url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/mydb"
+          username="myuser" password="mypasswd" maxActive="20" maxIdle="10" maxWait="-1"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<h4>2b. Application-specific resource configuration</h4>
+
+<p>
+Use this option if you wish to define a datasource specific to your application,
+not visible to other Tomcat applications. This method is less invasive to your
+Tomcat installation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Create a resource definition for your <a href="config/context.html">Context</a>.
+The Context element should look something like the following.
+</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context&gt;
+
+&lt;Resource name="jdbc/postgres" auth="Container"
+          type="javax.sql.DataSource" driverClassName="org.postgresql.Driver"
+          url="jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/mydb"
+          username="myuser" password="mypasswd" maxActive="20" maxIdle="10"
+maxWait="-1"/&gt;
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>3. web.xml configuration</h3>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-ref&gt;
+ &lt;description&gt;postgreSQL Datasource example&lt;/description&gt;
+ &lt;res-ref-name&gt;jdbc/postgres&lt;/res-ref-name&gt;
+ &lt;res-type&gt;javax.sql.DataSource&lt;/res-type&gt;
+ &lt;res-auth&gt;Container&lt;/res-auth&gt;
+&lt;/resource-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h4>4. Accessing the datasource</h4>
+<p>
+When accessing the datasource programmatically, remember to prepend
+<code>java:/comp/env</code> to your JNDI lookup, as in the following snippet of
+code. Note also that "jdbc/postgres" can be replaced with any value you prefer, provided
+you change it in the above resource definition file as well.
+</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+InitialContext cxt = new InitialContext();
+if ( cxt == null ) {
+   throw new Exception("Uh oh -- no context!");
+}
+
+DataSource ds = (DataSource) cxt.lookup( "java:/comp/env/jdbc/postgres" );
+
+if ( ds == null ) {
+   throw new Exception("Data source not found!");
+}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Non-DBCP Solutions"><!--()--></a><a name="Non-DBCP_Solutions"><strong>Non-DBCP Solutions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+These solutions either utilise a single connection to the database (not recommended for anything other
+than testing!) or some other pooling technology.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Oracle 8i with OCI client"><!--()--></a><a name="Oracle_8i_with_OCI_client"><strong>Oracle 8i with OCI client</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Oracle 8i with OCI client/Introduction"><!--()--></a><a name="Oracle_8i_with_OCI_client/Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Whilst not strictly addressing the creation of a JNDI DataSource using the OCI client, these notes can be combined with the
+Oracle and DBCP solution above.</p>
+<p>
+In order to use OCI driver, you should have an Oracle client installed. You should have installed
+Oracle8i(8.1.7) client from cd,  and download the suitable JDBC/OCI
+driver(Oracle8i 8.1.7.1 JDBC/OCI Driver) from <a href="http://otn.oracle.com/">otn.oracle.com</a>.
+</p>
+<p>
+After renaming <code>classes12.zip</code> file to <code>classes12.jar</code>
+for Tomcat, copy it into <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>.
+You may also have to remove the <code>javax.sql.*</code> classes
+from this file depending upon the version of Tomcat and JDK you are using.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Putting it all together"><!--()--></a><a name="Putting_it_all_together"><strong>Putting it all together</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+Ensure that you have the <code>ocijdbc8.dll</code> or <code>.so</code> in your <code>$PATH</code> or <code>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code>
+ (possibly in <code>$ORAHOME\bin</code>) and also confirm that the native library can be loaded by a simple test program
+using <code>System.loadLibrary("ocijdbc8");</code>
+</p>
+<p>
+You should next create a simple test servlet or jsp that has these
+<strong>critical lines</strong>:
+</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+DriverManager.registerDriver(new
+oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
+conn =
+DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:oci8:@database","username","password");
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>
+where database is of the form <code>host:port:SID</code> Now if you try to access the URL of your
+test servlet/jsp and what you get is a
+<code>ServletException</code> with a root cause of <code>java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError:get_env_handle</code>.
+</p>
+<p>
+First, the <code>UnsatisfiedLinkError</code> indicates that you have
+<ul>
+<li>a mismatch between your JDBC classes file and
+your Oracle client version. The giveaway here is the message stating that a needed library file cannot be
+found. For example, you may be using a classes12.zip file from Oracle Version 8.1.6 with a Version 8.1.5
+Oracle client. The classeXXXs.zip file and Oracle client software versions must match.
+</li>
+<li>A <code>$PATH</code>, <code>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code> problem.</li>
+<li>It has been reported that ignoring the driver you have downloded from otn and using
+the classes12.zip file from the directory <code>$ORAHOME\jdbc\lib</code> will also work.
+</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+<p>
+Next you may experience the error <code>ORA-06401 NETCMN: invalid driver designator</code>
+</p>
+<p>
+The Oracle documentation says : "Cause: The login (connect) string contains an invalid
+driver designator. Action: Correct the string and re-submit."
+
+Change the database connect string (of the form <code>host:port:SID</code>) with this one:
+<code>(description=(address=(host=myhost)(protocol=tcp)(port=1521))(connect_data=(sid=orcl)))</code>
+</p>
+<p>
+<i>Ed. Hmm, I don't think this is really needed if you sort out your TNSNames - but I'm not an Oracle DBA :-)</i>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Problems"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Problems"><strong>Common Problems</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Here are some common problems encountered with a web application which
+uses a database and tips for how to solve them.</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Intermittent Database Connection Failures"><!--()--></a><a name="Intermittent_Database_Connection_Failures"><strong>Intermittent Database Connection Failures</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+Tomcat runs within a JVM.  The JVM periodically performs garbage collection
+(GC) to remove java objects which are no longer being used.  When the JVM
+performs GC execution of code within Tomcat freezes. If the maximum time
+configured for establishment of a database connection is less than the amount
+of time garbage collection took you can get a database connection failure.
+</p>
+
+<p>To collect data on how long garbage collection is taking add the
+<code>-verbose:gc</code> argument to your <code>CATALINA_OPTS</code>
+environment variable when starting Tomcat.  When verbose gc is enabled
+your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/logs/catalina.out</code> log file will include
+data for every garbage collection including how long it took.</p>
+
+<p>When your JVM is tuned correctly 99% of the time a GC will take less
+than one second.  The remainder will only take a few seconds.  Rarely,
+if ever should a GC take more than 10 seconds.</p>
+
+<p>Make sure that the db connection timeout is set to 10-15 seconds.
+For the DBCP you set this using the parameter <code>maxWait</code>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Random Connection Closed Exceptions"><!--()--></a><a name="Random_Connection_Closed_Exceptions"><strong>Random Connection Closed Exceptions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+These can occur when one request gets a db connection from the connection
+pool and closes it twice.  When using a connection pool, closing the
+connection just returns it to the pool for reuse by another request,
+it doesn't close the connection.  And Tomcat uses multiple threads to
+handle concurrent requests. Here is an example of the sequence
+of events which could cause this error in Tomcat:
+</p>
+<pre>
+  Request 1 running in Thread 1 gets a db connection.
+
+  Request 1 closes the db connection.
+
+  The JVM switches the running thread to Thread 2
+
+  Request 2 running in Thread 2 gets a db connection
+  (the same db connection just closed by Request 1).
+
+  The JVM switches the running thread back to Thread 1
+
+  Request 1 closes the db connection a second time in a finally block.
+
+  The JVM switches the running thread back to Thread 2
+
+  Request 2 Thread 2 tries to use the db connection but fails
+  because Request 1 closed it.
+</pre>
+<p>
+Here is an example of properly written code to use a database connection
+obtained from a connection pool:
+</p>
+<pre>
+  Connection conn = null;
+  Statement stmt = null;  // Or PreparedStatement if needed
+  ResultSet rs = null;
+  try {
+    conn = ... get connection from connection pool ...
+    stmt = conn.createStatement("select ...");
+    rs = stmt.executeQuery();
+    ... iterate through the result set ...
+    rs.close();
+    rs = null;
+    stmt.close();
+    stmt = null;
+    conn.close(); // Return to connection pool
+    conn = null;  // Make sure we don't close it twice
+  } catch (SQLException e) {
+    ... deal with errors ...
+  } finally {
+    // Always make sure result sets and statements are closed,
+    // and the connection is returned to the pool
+    if (rs != null) {
+      try { rs.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { ; }
+      rs = null;
+    }
+    if (stmt != null) {
+      try { stmt.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { ; }
+      stmt = null;
+    }
+    if (conn != null) {
+      try { conn.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { ; }
+      conn = null;
+    }
+  }
+</pre>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context versus GlobalNamingResources"><!--()--></a><a name="Context_versus_GlobalNamingResources"><strong>Context versus GlobalNamingResources</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+  Please note that although the above instructions place the JNDI declarations in a Context
+  element, it is possible and sometimes desirable to place these declarations in the
+  <a href="config/globalresources.html">GlobalNamingResources</a> section of the server
+  configuration file.  A resource placed in the GlobalNamingResources section will be shared
+  among the Contexts of the server.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JNDI Resource Naming and Realm Interaction"><!--()--></a><a name="JNDI_Resource_Naming_and_Realm_Interaction"><strong>JNDI Resource Naming and Realm Interaction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+  In order to get Realms to work, the realm must refer to the datasource as
+  defined in the &lt;GlobalNamingResources&gt; or &lt;Context&gt; section, not a datasource as renamed
+  using &lt;ResourceLink&gt;.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - JNDI Resources HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>JNDI Resources HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#web.xml_configuration">web.xml configuration</a></li><li><a href="#context.xml_configuration">context.xml configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Global_configuration">Global configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Using_resources">Using resources</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat_Standard_Resource_Factories">Tomcat Standard Resource Factories</a><ol><li><a href="#Generic_JavaBean_Resources">Generic JavaBean Resources</a></li><li><a href="#UserDatabase_Resources">UserDatabase Resources</a></li><li><a href="#JavaMail_Sessions">JavaMail Sessions</a></li><li><a href="#JDBC_Data_Sources">JDBC Data Sources</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Adding_Custom_Resource_Factories">Adding Custom Resource Factories</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Tomcat provides a JNDI <strong>InitialContext</strong> implementation
+instance for each web application running under it, in a manner that is
+compatible with those provided by a
+<a href="http://java.sun.com/j2ee">Java Enterprise Edition</a> application
+server. The Java EE standard provides a standard set of elements in the
+<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> file to reference/define resources.</p>
+
+<p>See the following Specifications for more information about programming APIs
+for JNDI, and for the features supported by Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE)
+servers, which Tomcat emulates for the services that it provides:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jndi">Java Naming and Directory
+    Interface</a> (included in JDK 1.4 onwards)</li>
+<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/j2ee/download.html">Java EE Platform
+    Specification</a> (in particular, see Chapter 5 on <em>Naming</em>)</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="web.xml configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="web.xml_configuration"><strong>web.xml configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The following elements may be used in the web application deployment
+descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>) of your web application to define
+resources:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code><strong>&lt;env-entry&gt;</strong></code> - Environment entry, a
+    single-value parameter that can be used to configure how the application
+    will operate.</li>
+<li><code><strong>&lt;resource-ref&gt;</strong></code> - Resource reference,
+    which is typically to an object factory for resources such as a JDBC
+    <code>DataSource</code>, a JavaMail <code>Session</code>, or custom
+    object factories configured into Tomcat.</li>
+<li><code><strong>&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;</strong></code> - Resource
+    environment reference, a new variation of <code>resource-ref</code>
+    added in Servlet 2.4 that is simpler to configure for resources
+    that do not require authentication information.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Providing that Tomcat is able to identify an appropriate resource factory to
+use to create the resource and that no further configuration information is
+required, Tomcat will use the information in <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> to
+create the resource.</p>
+
+<p>Tomcat provides a number of Tomcat specific options for JNDI resources that
+cannot be specified in web.xml. These include <code>closeMethod</code> that
+enables faster cleaning-up of JNDI resources when a web application stops and
+<code>singleton</code> that controls whether or not a new instance of the
+resource is created for every JNDI lookup. To use these configuration options
+the resource must be specified in a web application's
+<a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element or in the
+<a href="config/globalresources.html">
+<code><strong>&lt;GlobalNamingResources&gt;</strong></code></a> element of
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="context.xml configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="context.xml_configuration"><strong>context.xml configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>If Tomcat is unable to identify the appropriate resource factory and/or
+additional configuration information is required, additional Tomcat specific
+configuration must be specified before Tomcat can create the resource.
+Tomcat specific resource configuration is entered in
+the <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> elements that
+can be specified in either <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> or,
+preferably, the per-web-application context XML file
+(<code>META-INF/context.xml</code>).</p>
+
+<p>Tomcat specific resource configuration is performed using the following
+elements in the <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a>
+element:</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li><a href="config/context.html#Environment Entries">&lt;Environment&gt;</a> -
+    Configure names and values for scalar environment entries that will be
+    exposed to the web application through the JNDI
+    <code>InitialContext</code> (equivalent to the inclusion of an
+    <code>&lt;env-entry&gt;</code> element in the web application
+    deployment descriptor).</li>
+<li><a href="config/context.html#Resource Definitions">&lt;Resource&gt;</a> -
+    Configure the name and data type of a resource made available to the
+    application (equivalent to the inclusion of a
+    <code>&lt;resource-ref&gt;</code> element in the web application
+    deployment descriptor).</li>
+<li><a href="config/context.html#Resource Links">&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</a> -
+    Add a link to a resource defined in the global JNDI context. Use resource
+    links to give a web application access to a resource defined in
+    the <a href="config/globalresources.html">&lt;GlobalNamingResources&gt;</a>
+    child element of the <a href="config/server.html">&lt;Server&gt;</a>
+    element.</li>
+<li><a href="config/context.html#Transaction">&lt;Transaction&gt;</a> -
+    Add a resource factory for instantiating the UserTransaction object
+    instance that is available at <code>java:comp/UserTransaction</code>.</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+<p>Any number of these elements may be nested inside a
+<a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element and will
+be associated only with that particular web application.</p>
+
+<p>If a resource has been defined in a
+<a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element it is not
+necessary for that resource to be defined in <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>.
+However, it is recommended to keep the entry in <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>
+to document the resource requirements for the web application.</p>
+
+<p>Where the same resource name has been defined for a
+<code>&lt;env-entry&gt;</code> element included in the web application
+deployment descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>) and in an
+<code>&lt;Environment&gt;</code> element as part of the
+<a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for the
+web application, the values in the deployment descriptor will take precedence
+<strong>only</strong> if allowed by the corresponding
+<code>&lt;Environment&gt;</code> element (by setting the <code>override</code>
+attribute to "true").</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Global configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="Global_configuration"><strong>Global configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Tomcat maintains a separate namespace of global resources for the
+entire server.  These are configured in the
+<a href="config/globalresources.html">
+<code><strong>&lt;GlobalNamingResources&gt;</strong></code></a> element of
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>. You may expose these resources to
+web applications by using a
+<a href="config/context.html#Resource Links">&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</a> to
+include it in the per-web-application context.</p>
+
+<p>If a resource has been defined using a
+<a href="config/context.html#Resource Links">&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</a>, it is not
+necessary for that resource to be defined in <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>.
+However, it is recommended to keep the entry in <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>
+to document the resource requirements for the web application.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using resources"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_resources"><strong>Using resources</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The <code>InitialContext</code> is configured as a web application is
+initially deployed, and is made available to web application components (for
+read-only access).  All configured entries and resources are placed in
+the <code>java:comp/env</code> portion of the JNDI namespace, so a typical
+access to a resource - in this case, to a JDBC <code>DataSource</code> -
+would look something like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+// Obtain our environment naming context
+Context initCtx = new InitialContext();
+Context envCtx = (Context) initCtx.lookup("java:comp/env");
+
+// Look up our data source
+DataSource ds = (DataSource)
+  envCtx.lookup("jdbc/EmployeeDB");
+
+// Allocate and use a connection from the pool
+Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
+... use this connection to access the database ...
+conn.close();
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat Standard Resource Factories"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_Standard_Resource_Factories"><strong>Tomcat Standard Resource Factories</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Tomcat includes a series of standard resource factories that can
+  provide services to your web applications, but give you configuration
+  flexibility (via the
+  <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element)
+  without modifying the web application or the deployment descriptor. Each
+  subsection below details the configuration and usage of the standard resource
+  factories.</p>
+
+  <p>See <a href="#Adding Custom Resource Factories">Adding Custom
+  Resource Factories</a> for information about how to create, install,
+  configure, and use your own custom resource factory classes with
+  Tomcat.</p>
+
+  <p><em>NOTE</em> - Of the standard resource factories, only the
+  "JDBC Data Source" and "User Transaction" factories are mandated to
+  be available on other platforms, and then they are required only if
+  the platform implements the Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) specs.
+  All other standard resource factories, plus custom resource factories
+  that you write yourself, are specific to Tomcat and cannot be assumed
+  to be available on other containers.</p>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Generic JavaBean Resources"><!--()--></a><a name="Generic_JavaBean_Resources"><strong>Generic JavaBean Resources</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <h3>0.  Introduction</h3>
+
+    <p>This resource factory can be used to create objects of <em>any</em>
+    Java class that conforms to standard JavaBeans naming conventions (i.e.
+    it has a zero-arguments constructor, and has property setters that
+    conform to the setFoo() naming pattern.  The resource factory will
+    create a new instance of the appropriate bean class every time a
+    <code>lookup()</code> for this entry is made.</p>
+
+    <p>The steps required to use this facility are described below.</p>
+
+    <h3>1.  Create Your JavaBean Class</h3>
+
+    <p>Create the JavaBean class which will be instantiated each time
+    that the resource factory is looked up.  For this example, assume
+    you create a class <code>com.mycompany.MyBean</code>, which looks
+    like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+package com.mycompany;
+
+public class MyBean {
+
+  private String foo = "Default Foo";
+
+  public String getFoo() {
+    return (this.foo);
+  }
+
+  public void setFoo(String foo) {
+    this.foo = foo;
+  }
+
+  private int bar = 0;
+
+  public int getBar() {
+    return (this.bar);
+  }
+
+  public void setBar(int bar) {
+    this.bar = bar;
+  }
+
+
+}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <h3>2.  Declare Your Resource Requirements</h3>
+
+  <p>Next, modify your web application deployment descriptor
+  (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>) to declare the JNDI name under which
+  you will request new instances of this bean.  The simplest approach is
+  to use a <code>&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;</code> element, like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;
+  &lt;description&gt;
+    Object factory for MyBean instances.
+  &lt;/description&gt;
+  &lt;resource-env-ref-name&gt;
+    bean/MyBeanFactory
+  &lt;/resource-env-ref-name&gt;
+  &lt;resource-env-ref-type&gt;
+    com.mycompany.MyBean
+  &lt;/resource-env-ref-type&gt;
+&lt;/resource-env-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - Be sure you respect the element ordering
+    that is required by the DTD for web application deployment descriptors!
+    See the
+    <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet
+    Specification</a> for details.</p>
+
+  <h3>3.  Code Your Application's Use Of This Resource</h3>
+
+  <p>A typical use of this resource environment reference might look
+  like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Context initCtx = new InitialContext();
+Context envCtx = (Context) initCtx.lookup("java:comp/env");
+MyBean bean = (MyBean) envCtx.lookup("bean/MyBeanFactory");
+
+writer.println("foo = " + bean.getFoo() + ", bar = " +
+               bean.getBar());
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <h3>4.  Configure Tomcat's Resource Factory</h3>
+
+    <p>To configure Tomcat's resource factory, add an element like this to the
+    <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for
+    this web application.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Resource name="bean/MyBeanFactory" auth="Container"
+            type="com.mycompany.MyBean"
+            factory="org.apache.naming.factory.BeanFactory"
+            bar="23"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that the resource name (here, <code>bean/MyBeanFactory</code>
+    must match the value specified in the web application deployment
+    descriptor.  We are also initializing the value of the <code>bar</code>
+    property, which will cause <code>setBar(23)</code> to be called before
+    the new bean is returned.  Because we are not initializing the
+    <code>foo</code> property (although we could have), the bean will
+    contain whatever default value is set up by its constructor.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="UserDatabase Resources"><!--()--></a><a name="UserDatabase_Resources"><strong>UserDatabase Resources</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <h3>0.  Introduction</h3>
+
+    <p>UserDatabase resources are typically configured as global resources for
+    use by a UserDatabase realm. Tomcat includes a UserDatabaseFactoory that
+    creates UserDatabase resources backed by an XML file - usually
+    <code>tomcat-users.xml</code></p>
+
+    <p>The steps required to set up a global UserDatabase resource are described
+    below.</p>
+
+    <h3>1. Create/edit the XML file</h3>
+
+    <p>The XMl file is typically located at
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/tomcat-users.xml</code> however, you are free to
+    locate the file anywhere on the file system. It is recommended that the XML
+    files are placed in <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf</code>. A typical XML would
+    look like:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?&gt;
+&lt;tomcat-users&gt;
+  &lt;role rolename="tomcat"/&gt;
+  &lt;role rolename="role1"/&gt;
+  &lt;user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/&gt;
+  &lt;user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/&gt;
+  &lt;user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/&gt;
+&lt;/tomcat-users&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <h3>2.  Declare Your Resource</h3>
+
+    <p>Next, modify <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> to create the
+    UserDatabase resource based on your XMl file. It should look something like
+    this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Resource name="UserDatabase"
+          auth="Container"
+          type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
+          description="User database that can be updated and saved"
+          factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
+          pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml"
+          readonly="false" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>The <code>pathname</code> attribute can be absolute or relative. If
+    relative, it is relative to <code>$CATALINA_BASE</code>.</p>
+
+    <p>The <code>readonly</code> attribute is optional and defaults to
+    <code>true</code> if not supplied. If the XML is writeable then it will be
+    written to when Tomcat starts. <strong>WARNING:</strong> When the file is
+    written it will inherit the default file permissions for the user Tomcat
+    is running as. Ensure that these are appropriate to maintain the security
+    of your installation.</p>
+
+    <h3>3.  Configure the Realm</h3>
+
+    <p>Configure a UserDatabase Realm to use this resource as described in the
+    <a href="config/realm.html">Realm configuration documentation</a>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JavaMail Sessions"><!--()--></a><a name="JavaMail_Sessions"><strong>JavaMail Sessions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <h3>0.  Introduction</h3>
+
+    <p>In many web applications, sending electronic mail messages is a
+    required part of the system's functionality.  The
+    <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/javamail">Java Mail</a> API
+    makes this process relatively straightforward, but requires many
+    configuration details that the client application must be aware of
+    (including the name of the SMTP host to be used for message sending).</p>
+
+    <p>Tomcat includes a standard resource factory that will create
+    <code>javax.mail.Session</code> session instances for you, already
+    configured to connect to an SMTP server.
+    In this way, the application is totally insulated from changes in the
+    email server configuration environment - it simply asks for, and receives,
+    a preconfigured session whenever needed.</p>
+
+    <p>The steps required for this are outlined below.</p>
+
+    <h3>1.  Declare Your Resource Requirements</h3>
+
+    <p>The first thing you should do is modify the web application deployment
+    descriptor (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>) to declare the JNDI name under
+    which you will look up preconfigured sessions.  By convention, all such
+    names should resolve to the <code>mail</code> subcontext (relative to the
+    standard <code>java:comp/env</code> naming context that is the root of
+    all provided resource factories.  A typical <code>web.xml</code> entry
+    might look like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-ref&gt;
+  &lt;description&gt;
+    Resource reference to a factory for javax.mail.Session
+    instances that may be used for sending electronic mail
+    messages, preconfigured to connect to the appropriate
+    SMTP server.
+  &lt;/description&gt;
+  &lt;res-ref-name&gt;
+    mail/Session
+  &lt;/res-ref-name&gt;
+  &lt;res-type&gt;
+    javax.mail.Session
+  &lt;/res-type&gt;
+  &lt;res-auth&gt;
+    Container
+  &lt;/res-auth&gt;
+&lt;/resource-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - Be sure you respect the element ordering
+    that is required by the DTD for web application deployment descriptors!
+    See the
+    <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet
+    Specification</a> for details.</p>
+
+    <h3>2.  Code Your Application's Use Of This Resource</h3>
+
+    <p>A typical use of this resource reference might look like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Context initCtx = new InitialContext();
+Context envCtx = (Context) initCtx.lookup("java:comp/env");
+Session session = (Session) envCtx.lookup("mail/Session");
+
+Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
+message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(request.getParameter("from")));
+InternetAddress to[] = new InternetAddress[1];
+to[0] = new InternetAddress(request.getParameter("to"));
+message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
+message.setSubject(request.getParameter("subject"));
+message.setContent(request.getParameter("content"), "text/plain");
+Transport.send(message);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that the application uses the same resource reference name
+    that was declared in the web application deployment descriptor.  This
+    is matched up against the resource factory that is configured in the
+    <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element
+    for the web application as described below.</p>
+
+    <h3>3.  Configure Tomcat's Resource Factory</h3>
+
+    <p>To configure Tomcat's resource factory, add an elements like this to the
+    <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for
+    this web application.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Resource name="mail/Session" auth="Container"
+            type="javax.mail.Session"
+            mail.smtp.host="localhost"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that the resource name (here, <code>mail/Session</code>) must
+    match the value specified in the web application deployment descriptor.
+    Customize the value of the <code>mail.smtp.host</code> parameter to
+    point at the server that provides SMTP service for your network.</p>
+
+    <p>Additional resource attributes and values will be converted to properties
+    and values and passed to
+    <code>javax.mail.Session.getInstance(java.util.Properties)</code> as part of
+    the <code>java.util.Properties</code> collection. In addition to the
+    properties defined in Annex A of the JavaMail specification, individual
+    providers may also support additional properties.
+    </p>
+    
+    <p>If the resource is configured with a <code>password</code> attribute and
+    either a <code>mail.smtp.user</code> or <code>mail.user</code> attribute
+    then Tomcat's resource factory will configure and add a
+    <code>javax.mail.Authenticator</code> to the mail session.</p>
+
+    <h3>4.  Install the JavaMail libraries</h3>
+
+    <p><a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-138643.html">
+    Download the JavaMail API</a>.</p>
+
+    <p>Unpackage the distribution and place mail.jar  into $CATALINA_HOME/lib so
+    that it is available to Tomcat during the initialization of the mail Session
+    Resource. <strong>Note:</strong> placing this jar in both $CATALINA_HOME/lib
+    and a  web application's lib folder will cause an error, so ensure you have
+    it in the $CATALINA_HOME/lib location only.
+    </p>
+
+    <h3>5.  Restart Tomcat</h3>
+
+    <p>For the additional JAR to be visible to Tomcat, it is necessary for the
+    Tomcat instance to be restarted.</p>
+
+
+    <h3>Example Application</h3>
+
+    <p>The <code>/examples</code> application included with Tomcat contains
+    an example of utilizing this resource factory.  It is accessed via the
+    "JSP Examples" link.  The source code for the servlet that actually
+    sends the mail message is in
+    <code>/WEB-INF/classes/SendMailServlet.java</code>.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - The default configuration assumes that there
+    is an SMTP server listing on port 25 on <code>localhost</code>. If this is
+    not the case, edit the
+    <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for
+    this web application and modify the parameter value for the
+    <code>mail.smtp.host</code> parameter to be the host name of an SMTP server
+    on your network.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JDBC Data Sources"><!--()--></a><a name="JDBC_Data_Sources"><strong>JDBC Data Sources</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <h3>0.  Introduction</h3>
+
+    <p>Many web applications need to access a database via a JDBC driver,
+    to support the functionality required by that application.  The Java EE
+    Platform Specification requires Java EE Application Servers to make
+    available a <em>DataSource</em> implementation (that is, a connection
+    pool for JDBC connections) for this purpose.  Tomcat offers exactly
+    the same support, so that database-based applications you develop on
+    Tomcat using this service will run unchanged on any Java EE server.</p>
+
+    <p>For information about JDBC, you should consult the following:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/">http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/</a> -
+        Home page for information about Java Database Connectivity.</li>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/docs/guide/jdbc/spec2/jdbc2.1.frame.html">http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/docs/guide/jdbc/spec2/jdbc2.1.frame.html</a> -
+        The JDBC 2.1 API Specification.</li>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/jdbc20.stdext.pdf">http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/jdbc20.stdext.pdf</a> -
+        The JDBC 2.0 Standard Extension API (including the
+        <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> API).  This package is now known
+        as the "JDBC Optional Package".</li>
+    <li><a href="http://java.sun.com/j2ee/download.html">http://java.sun.com/j2ee/download.html</a> -
+        The Java EE Platform Specification (covers the JDBC facilities that
+        all Java EE platforms must provide to applications).</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p><strong>NOTE</strong> - The default data source support in Tomcat
+    is based on the <strong>DBCP</strong> connection pool from the
+    <a href="http://commons.apache.org/">Commons</a>
+    project.  However, it is possible to use any other connection pool
+    that implements <code>javax.sql.DataSource</code>, by writing your
+    own custom resource factory, as described
+    <a href="#Adding Custom Resource Factories">below</a>.</p>
+
+    <h3>1.  Install Your JDBC Driver</h3>
+
+    <p>Use of the <em>JDBC Data Sources</em> JNDI Resource Factory requires
+    that you make an appropriate JDBC driver available to both Tomcat internal
+    classes and to your web application.  This is most easily accomplished by
+    installing the driver's JAR file(s) into the
+    <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code> directory, which makes the driver
+    available both to the resource factory and to your application.</p>
+
+    <h3>2.  Declare Your Resource Requirements</h3>
+
+    <p>Next, modify the web application deployment descriptor
+    (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>) to declare the JNDI name under
+    which you will look up preconfigured data source.  By convention, all such
+    names should resolve to the <code>jdbc</code> subcontext (relative to the
+    standard <code>java:comp/env</code> naming context that is the root of
+    all provided resource factories.  A typical <code>web.xml</code> entry
+    might look like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-ref&gt;
+  &lt;description&gt;
+    Resource reference to a factory for java.sql.Connection
+    instances that may be used for talking to a particular
+    database that is configured in the &lt;Context&gt;
+    configurartion for the web application.
+  &lt;/description&gt;
+  &lt;res-ref-name&gt;
+    jdbc/EmployeeDB
+  &lt;/res-ref-name&gt;
+  &lt;res-type&gt;
+    javax.sql.DataSource
+  &lt;/res-type&gt;
+  &lt;res-auth&gt;
+    Container
+  &lt;/res-auth&gt;
+&lt;/resource-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - Be sure you respect the element ordering
+    that is required by the DTD for web application deployment descriptors!
+    See the
+    <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet
+    Specification</a> for details.</p>
+
+    <h3>3.  Code Your Application's Use Of This Resource</h3>
+
+    <p>A typical use of this resource reference might look like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Context initCtx = new InitialContext();
+Context envCtx = (Context) initCtx.lookup("java:comp/env");
+DataSource ds = (DataSource)
+  envCtx.lookup("jdbc/EmployeeDB");
+
+Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
+... use this connection to access the database ...
+conn.close();
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that the application uses the same resource reference name that was
+    declared in the web application deployment descriptor. This is matched up
+    against the resource factory that is configured in the
+    <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for
+    the web application as described below.</p>
+
+    <h3>4.  Configure Tomcat's Resource Factory</h3>
+
+    <p>To configure Tomcat's resource factory, add an element like this to the
+    <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for
+    the web application.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Resource name="jdbc/EmployeeDB"
+            auth="Container"
+            type="javax.sql.DataSource"
+            username="dbusername"
+            password="dbpassword"
+            driverClassName="org.hsql.jdbcDriver"
+            url="jdbc:HypersonicSQL:database"
+            maxActive="8"
+            maxIdle="4"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that the resource name (here, <code>jdbc/EmployeeDB</code>) must
+    match the value specified in the web application deployment descriptor.</p>
+
+    <p>This example assumes that you are using the HypersonicSQL database
+    JDBC driver.  Customize the <code>driverClassName</code> and
+    <code>driverName</code> parameters to match your actual database's
+    JDBC driver and connection URL.</p>
+
+    <p>The configuration properties for Tomcat's standard data source
+    resource factory
+    (<code>org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</code>) are
+    as follows:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><strong>driverClassName</strong> - Fully qualified Java class name
+        of the JDBC driver to be used.</li>
+    <li><strong>username</strong> - Database username to be passed to our
+        JDBC driver.</li>
+    <li><strong>password</strong> - Database password to be passed to our
+        JDBC driver.</li>
+    <li><strong>url</strong> - Connection URL to be passed to our JDBC driver.
+        (For backwards compatibility, the property <code>driverName</code>
+        is also recognized.)</li>
+    <li><strong>initialSize</strong> - The initial number of connections
+        that will be created in the pool during pool initialization. Default: 0</li>
+    <li><strong>maxActive</strong> - The maximum number of connections
+        that can be allocated from this pool at the same time. Default: 8</li>
+    <li><strong>minIdle</strong> - The minimum number of connections that
+        will sit idle in this pool at the same time. Default: 0</li>
+    <li><strong>maxIdle</strong> - The maximum number of connections that
+        can sit idle in this pool at the same time. Default: 8</li>
+    <li><strong>maxWait</strong> - The maximum number of milliseconds that the
+        pool will wait (when there are no available connections) for a
+        connection to be returned before throwing an exception. Default: -1 (infinite)</li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>Some additional properties handle connection validation:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><strong>validationQuery</strong> - SQL query that can be used by the
+        pool to validate connections before they are returned to the
+        application.  If specified, this query MUST be an SQL SELECT
+        statement that returns at least one row.</li>
+    <li><strong>validationQueryTimeout</strong> - Timeout in seconds
+        for the validation query to return. Default: -1 (infinite)</li>
+    <li><strong>testOnBorrow</strong> - true or false: whether a connection
+        should be validated using the validation query each time it is
+        borrowed from the pool. Default: true</li>
+    <li><strong>testOnReturn</strong> - true or false: whether a connection
+        should be validated using the validation query each time it is
+        returned to the pool. Default: false</li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>The optional evictor thread is responsible for shrinking the pool
+    by removing any conections which are idle for a long time. The evictor
+    does not respect <code>minIdle</code>. Note that you do not need to
+    activate the evictor thread if you only want the pool to shrink according
+    to the configured <code>maxIdle</code> property.</p>
+    <p>The evictor is disabled by default and can be configured using
+    the following properties:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><strong>timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis</strong> - The number of
+        milliseconds between consecutive runs of the evictor.
+        Default: -1 (disabled)</li>
+    <li><strong>numTestsPerEvictionRun</strong> - The number of connections
+        that will be checked for idleness by the evitor during each
+        run of the evictor. Default: 3</li>
+    <li><strong>minEvictableIdleTimeMillis</strong> - The idle time in
+        milliseconds after which a connection can be removed from the pool
+        by the evictor. Default: 30*60*1000 (30 minutes)</li>
+    <li><strong>testWhileIdle</strong> - true or false: whether a connection
+        should be validated by the evictor thread using the validation query
+        while sitting idle in the pool. Default: false</li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>Another optional feature is the removal of abandoned connections.
+    A connection is called abandoned if the application does not return it
+    to the pool for a long time. The pool can close such connections
+    automatically and remove them from the pool. This is a workaround
+    for applications leaking connections.</p>
+    <p>The abandoning feature is disabled by default and can be configured
+    using the following properties:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><strong>removeAbandoned</strong> - true or false: whether to
+        remove abandoned connections from the pool. Default: false</li>
+    <li><strong>removeAbandonedTimeout</strong> - The number of
+        seconds after which a borrowed connection is assumed to be abandoned.
+        Default: 300</li>
+    <li><strong>logAbandoned</strong> - true or false: whether to log
+        stack traces for application code which abandoned a statement
+        or connection. This adds serious overhead. Default: false</li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>Finally there are various properties that allow further fine tuning
+    of the pool behaviour:</p>
+    <ul>
+    <li><strong>defaultAutoCommit</strong> - true or false: default
+        auto-commit state of the connections created by this pool.
+        Default: true</li>
+    <li><strong>defaultReadOnly</strong> - true or false: default
+        read-only state of the connections created by this pool.
+        Default: false</li>
+    <li><strong>defaultTransactionIsolation</strong> - This sets the
+        default transaction isolation level. Can be one of
+        <code>NONE</code>, <code>READ_COMMITTED</code>,
+        <code>READ_UNCOMMITTED</code>, <code>REPEATABLE_READ</code>,
+        <code>SERIALIZABLE</code>. Default: no default set</li>
+    <li><strong>poolPreparedStatements</strong> - true or false: whether to
+        pool PreparedStatements and CallableStatements. Default: false</li>
+    <li><strong>maxOpenPreparedStatements</strong> - The maximum number of open
+        statements that can be allocated from the statement pool at the same time.
+        Default: -1 (unlimited)</li>
+    <li><strong>defaultCatalog</strong> - The name of the default catalog.
+        Default: not set</li>
+    <li><strong>connectionInitSqls</strong> - A list of SQL statements
+        run once after a Connection is created. Separate multiple statements
+        by semicolons (<code>;</code>). Default: no statement</li>
+    <li><strong>connectionProperties</strong> - A list of driver specific
+        properties passed to the driver for creating connections. Each
+        property is given as <code>name=value</code>, multiple properties
+        are separated by semicolons (<code>;</code>). Default: no properties</li>
+    <li><strong>accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed</strong> - true or false: whether
+        accessing the underlying connections is allowed. Default: false</li>
+    </ul>
+    <p>For more details, please refer to the commons-dbcp documentation.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Adding Custom Resource Factories"><!--()--></a><a name="Adding_Custom_Resource_Factories"><strong>Adding Custom Resource Factories</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>If none of the standard resource factories meet your needs, you can write
+  your own factory and integrate it into Tomcat, and then configure the use
+  of this factory in the
+  <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for
+  the web application. In the example below, we will create a factory that only
+  knows how to create <code>com.mycompany.MyBean</code> beans from the
+  <a href="#Generic JavaBean Resources">Generic JavaBean Resources</a> example
+  above.</p>
+
+  <h3>1.  Write A Resource Factory Class</h3>
+
+  <p>You must write a class that implements the JNDI service provider
+  <code>javax.naming.spi.ObjectFactory</code> inteface.  Every time your
+  web application calls <code>lookup()</code> on a context entry that is
+  bound to this factory, the <code>getObjectInstance()</code> method is
+  called, with the following arguments:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li><strong>Object obj</strong> - The (possibly null) object containing
+      location or reference information that can be used in creating an object.
+      For Tomcat, this will always be an object of type
+      <code>javax.naming.Reference</code>, which contains the class name of
+      this factory class, as well as the configuration properties (from the
+      <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> for the
+      web application) to use in creating objects to be returned.</li>
+  <li><strong>Name name</strong> - The name to which this factory is bound
+      relative to <code>nameCtx</code>, or <code>null</code> if no name
+      is specified.</li>
+  <li><strong>Context nameCtx</strong> - The context relative to which the
+      <code>name</code> parameter is specified, or <code>null</code> if
+      <code>name</code> is relative to the default initial context.</li>
+  <li><strong>Hashtable environment</strong> - The (possibly null)
+      environment that is used in creating this object.  This is generally
+      ignored in Tomcat object factories.</li>
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>To create a resource factory that knows how to produce <code>MyBean</code>
+  instances, you might create a class like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+package com.mycompany;
+
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+import javax.naming.Context;
+import javax.naming.Name;
+import javax.naming.NamingException;
+import javax.naming.RefAddr;
+import javax.naming.Reference;
+import javax.naming.spi.ObjectFactory;
+
+public class MyBeanFactory implements ObjectFactory {
+
+  public Object getObjectInstance(Object obj,
+      Name name, Context nameCtx, Hashtable environment)
+      throws NamingException {
+
+      // Acquire an instance of our specified bean class
+      MyBean bean = new MyBean();
+
+      // Customize the bean properties from our attributes
+      Reference ref = (Reference) obj;
+      Enumeration addrs = ref.getAll();
+      while (addrs.hasMoreElements()) {
+          RefAddr addr = (RefAddr) addrs.nextElement();
+          String name = addr.getType();
+          String value = (String) addr.getContent();
+          if (name.equals("foo")) {
+              bean.setFoo(value);
+          } else if (name.equals("bar")) {
+              try {
+                  bean.setBar(Integer.parseInt(value));
+              } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                  throw new NamingException("Invalid 'bar' value " + value);
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+      // Return the customized instance
+      return (bean);
+
+  }
+
+}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <p>In this example, we are unconditionally creating a new instance of
+  the <code>com.mycompany.MyBean</code> class, and populating its properties
+  based on the parameters included in the <code>&lt;ResourceParams&gt;</code>
+  element that configures this factory (see below).  You should note that any
+  parameter named <code>factory</code> should be skipped - that parameter is
+  used to specify the name of the factory class itself (in this case,
+  <code>com.mycompany.MyBeanFactory</code>) rather than a property of the
+  bean being configured.</p>
+
+  <p>For more information about <code>ObjectFactory</code>, see the
+  <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jndi/docs.html">JNDI 1.2 Service
+  Provider Interface (SPI) Specification</a>.</p>
+
+  <p>You will need to compile this class against a class path that includes
+  all of the JAR files in the <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code> directory.  When you are through,
+  place the factory class (and the corresponding bean class) unpacked under
+  <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>, or in a JAR file inside
+  <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>.  In this way, the required class
+  files are visible to both Catalina internal resources and your web
+  application.</p>
+
+  <h3>2.  Declare Your Resource Requirements</h3>
+
+  <p>Next, modify your web application deployment descriptor
+  (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>) to declare the JNDI name under which
+  you will request new instances of this bean.  The simplest approach is
+  to use a <code>&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;</code> element, like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;
+  &lt;description&gt;
+    Object factory for MyBean instances.
+  &lt;/description&gt;
+  &lt;resource-env-ref-name&gt;
+    bean/MyBeanFactory
+  &lt;/resource-env-ref-name&gt;
+  &lt;resource-env-ref-type&gt;
+    com.mycompany.MyBean
+  &lt;/resource-env-ref-type&gt;
+&lt;resource-env-ref&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - Be sure you respect the element ordering
+    that is required by the DTD for web application deployment descriptors!
+    See the
+    <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet
+    Specification</a> for details.</p>
+
+  <h3>3.  Code Your Application's Use Of This Resource</h3>
+
+  <p>A typical use of this resource environment reference might look
+  like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Context initCtx = new InitialContext();
+Context envCtx = (Context) initCtx.lookup("java:comp/env");
+MyBean bean = (MyBean) envCtx.lookup("bean/MyBeanFactory");
+
+writer.println("foo = " + bean.getFoo() + ", bar = " +
+               bean.getBar());
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <h3>4.  Configure Tomcat's Resource Factory</h3>
+
+    <p>To configure Tomcat's resource factory, add an elements like this to the
+    <a href="config/context.html"><code>&lt;Context&gt;</code></a> element for
+    this web application.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context ...&gt;
+  ...
+  &lt;Resource name="bean/MyBeanFactory" auth="Container"
+            type="com.mycompany.MyBean"
+            factory="com.mycompany.MyBeanFactory"
+            bar="23"/&gt;
+  ...
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Note that the resource name (here, <code>bean/MyBeanFactory</code>
+    must match the value specified in the web application deployment
+    descriptor.  We are also initializing the value of the <code>bar</code>
+    property, which will cause <code>setBar(23)</code> to be called before
+    the new bean is returned.  Because we are not initializing the
+    <code>foo</code> property (although we could have), the bean will
+    contain whatever default value is set up by its constructor.</p>
+
+    <p>You will also note that, from the application developer's perspective,
+    the declaration of the resource environment reference, and the programming
+    used to request new instances, is identical to the approach used for the
+    <em>Generic JavaBean Resources</em> example.  This illustrates one of the
+    advantages of using JNDI resources to encapsulate functionality - you can
+    change the underlying implementation without necessarily having to
+    modify applications using the resources, as long as you maintain
+    compatible APIs.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
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+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
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+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/jspapi/index.html b/webapps/docs/jspapi/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a73392
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/jspapi/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+    <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+    <title>API docs</title>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+
+The JSP Javadoc is not installed by default. Download and install
+the "fulldocs" package to get it.
+
+You can also access the javadoc online in the Tomcat
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/">
+documentation bundle</a>.
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/logging.html b/webapps/docs/logging.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..040a6fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/logging.html
@@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Logging in Tomcat</title><meta name="author" content="Allistair Crossley"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Logging in Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a><ol><li><a href="#Java_logging_API_%E2%80%94_java.util.logging">Java logging API &mdash; java.util.logging</a></li><li><a href="#Servlets_logging_API">Servlets logging API</a></li><li><a href="#Console">Console</a></li><li><a href="#Access_logging">Access logging</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Using_java.util.logging_(default)">Using java.util.logging (default)</a><ol><li><a href="#Documentation_references">Documentation references</a></li><li><a href="#Considerations_for_productive_usage">Considerations for productive usage</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Using_Log4j">Using Log4j</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      Logging in Apache Tomcat is implemented with the help of
+      <a href="http://commons.apache.org/logging">Apache Commons Logging</a>
+      library. That library is a thin wrapper above different logging
+      frameworks. It provides Tomcat with the ability to log
+      hierarchically across various log levels without the need to rely on a
+      particular logging implementation.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      Since Tomcat 6.0, Tomcat uses a private package-renamed implementation of
+      Apache Commons Logging, to allow web applications to use their own
+      independent copies of the original Apache Commons Logging library.
+      In the default distribution this private copy of the library
+      is simplified and hardcoded to use the <code>java.util.logging</code> framework.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      To configure Tomcat to use alternative logging frameworks for its internal
+      logging, one has to replace the logging library with the one that is built
+      with the full implementation. Such library is provided as an <a href="extras.html">extras</a>
+      component. Instructions on how to configure Tomcat to use Log4j framework
+      for its internal logging may be found below.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      A web application running on Apache Tomcat can:
+    </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li>
+        Use system logging API, <code>java.util.logging</code>.
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        Use the logging API provided by the Java Servlets specification,
+        <code>javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...)</code>
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        Use any logging framework of its choice.
+      </li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>
+      The logging frameworks used by different web applications run independently
+      of each other. See <a href="class-loader-howto.html">class loading</a>
+      for more details.
+      The exception to this rule is <code>java.util.logging</code>, if it used
+      directly or indirectly by your logging library. That is because it is loaded
+      by the system and is shared across web applications.
+    </p>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Java logging API %E2%80%94 java.util.logging"><!--()--></a><a name="Java_logging_API_%E2%80%94_java.util.logging"><strong>Java logging API &mdash; java.util.logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      Apache Tomcat has its own implementation of several key elements of
+      <code>java.util.logging</code> API. This implementation is called "JULI".
+      The key component there is a custom LogManager implementation,
+      that is aware of different web applications running on Tomcat (and
+      their different class loaders). It supports private per-application
+      logging configurations. It is also notified by Tomcat when a web application
+      is unloaded from memory, so that the references to its classes can be
+      cleared, preventing memory leaks.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      This <code>java.util.logging</code> implementation is enabled by providing
+      certain system properties when starting Java. The Apache Tomcat startup
+      scripts do this for you, but if you are using different tools to run
+      Tomcat (such as jsvc, or running Tomcat from within an IDE), you should
+      take care of them by yourself.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      More details about java.util.logging may be found in the documentation
+      for your JDK and on its Javadoc pages for the <code>java.util.logging</code>
+      package.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      More details about Tomcat JULI may be found below.
+    </p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Servlets logging API"><!--()--></a><a name="Servlets_logging_API"><strong>Servlets logging API</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      The calls to <code>javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...)</code> to write
+      log messages are handled by internal Tomcat logging. Such messages are
+      logged to the category named
+    </p>
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[${engine}].[${host}].[${context}]</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+      This logging is performed according to the Tomcat logging configuration. You
+      cannot overwrite it in a web application.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      The Servlets logging API predates the <code>java.util.logging</code> API
+      that is now provided by Java. As such, it does not offer you much options.
+      E.g., you cannot control the log levels. It can be noted, though, that
+      in Apache Tomcat implementation the calls to <code>ServletContext.log(String)</code>
+      or <code>GenericServlet.log(String)</code> are logged at the INFO level.
+      The calls to <code>ServletContext.log(String, Throwable)</code> or
+      <code>GenericServlet.log(String, Throwable)</code>
+      are logged at the ERROR level.
+    </p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Console"><strong>Console</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      When running Tomcat on unixes, the console output is usually redirected
+      to the file named <code>catalina.out</code>. The name is configurable
+      using an environment variable. (See the startup scripts).
+      Whatever is written to <code>System.err/out</code> will be caught into
+      that file. That may include:
+    </p>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li>Uncaught exceptions printed by <code>java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(..)</code></li>
+      <li>Thread dumps, if you requested them via a system signal</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>
+      When running as a service on Windows, the console output is also caught
+      and redirected, but the file names are different.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      The default logging configuration in Apache Tomcat writes the same
+      messages to the console and to a log file. This is great when using
+      Tomcat for development, but usually is not needed in production.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      Old applications that still use <code>System.out</code> or <code>System.err</code>
+      can be tricked by setting <code>swallowOutput</code> attribute on a
+      <a href="config/context.html">Context</a>. If the attribute is set to
+      <code>true</code>, the calls to <code>System.out/err</code> during request
+      processing will be intercepted, and their output will be fed to the
+      logging subsystem using the
+      <code>javax.servlet.ServletContext.log(...)</code> calls.<br>
+      <strong>Note</strong>, that the <code>swallowOutput</code>  feature is
+      actually a trick, and it has its limitations.
+      It works only with direct calls to <code>System.out/err</code>,
+      and only during request processing cycle. It may not work in other
+      threads that might be created by the application. It cannot be used to
+      intercept logging frameworks that themselves write to the system streams,
+      as those start early and may obtain a direct reference to the streams
+      before the redirection takes place.
+    </p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Access logging"><!--()--></a><a name="Access_logging"><strong>Access logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      A related, but different feature is access logging. It can be configured
+      as a valve at the Context, or Host, or Engine. See <a href="config/valve.html">Valves</a>
+      documentation for more details.
+    </p>
+
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using java.util.logging (default)"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_java.util.logging_(default)"><strong>Using java.util.logging (default)</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>
+    The default implementation of java.util.logging provided in the JDK is too
+    limited to be useful. A limitation of JDK Logging appears to be the
+    inability to have per-web application logging,  as the configuration is
+    per-VM. As a result, Tomcat will, in the default configuration, replace the
+    default LogManager implementation with a container friendly implementation
+    called JULI, which addresses these shortcomings. It supports the same
+    configuration mechanisms as the standard JDK java.util.logging, using either
+    a programmatic approach, or properties files. The main difference is that
+    per-classloader properties files can be set (which enables easy redeployment
+    friendly webapp configuration), and the properties files support slightly
+    extended constructs which allows more freedom for defining handlers and
+    assigning them to loggers.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    JULI is enabled by default, and supports per classloader configuration, in
+    addition to the regular global java.util.logging configuration. This means
+    that logging can be configured at the following layers:
+    <ul>
+      <li>Globally. That is usually done in the
+        <code>${catalina.base}/conf/logging.properties</code> file.
+        The file is specified by the <code>java.util.logging.config.file</code>
+        System property which is set by the startup scripts.
+        If it is not readable or is not configured, the default is to use the
+        <code>${java.home}/lib/logging.properties</code> file in the JRE.
+      </li>
+      <li>In the web application. The file will be
+        <code>WEB-INF/classes/logging.properties</code>
+      </li>
+    </ul>
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    The default <code>logging.properties</code> in the JRE specifies a
+    <code>ConsoleHandler</code> that routes logging to System.err.
+    The default <code>conf/logging.properties</code> in Apache Tomcat also
+    adds several <code>FileHandler</code>s that write to files.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    A handler's log level threshold is INFO by default and can be set using
+    SEVERE, WARNING, INFO, CONFIG, FINE, FINER, FINEST or ALL.
+    You can also target specific packages to collect logging from and specify
+    a level.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    Here is how you would set debugging from Tomcat. You would need to ensure the
+    ConsoleHandler's (or FileHandler's') level is also set to collect this threshold,
+    so FINEST or ALL should be set. Please refer to <code>java.util.logging</code>
+    documentation in the JDK for the complete details:
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>org.apache.catalina.level=FINEST</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    The configuration used by JULI is extremely similar to the one supported by
+    plain <code>java.util.logging</code>, but uses a few
+    extensions to allow better flexibility in assigning loggers. The main
+    differences are:
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+      <li>A prefix may be added to handler names, so that multiple handlers of a
+      single class may be instantiated. A prefix is a String which starts with a
+      digit, and ends with '.'. For example, <code>22foobar.</code> is a valid
+      prefix.</li>
+      <li>System property replacement is performed for property values which
+      contain ${systemPropertyName}.</li>
+      <li>As in Java 6, loggers can define a list of handlers using the
+      <code>loggerName.handlers</code> property.</li>
+      <li>By default, loggers will not delegate to their parent if they have
+      associated handlers. This may be changed per logger using the
+      <code>loggerName.useParentHandlers</code> property, which accepts a
+      boolean value.</li>
+      <li>The root logger can define its set of handlers using the
+      <code>.handlers</code> property.</li>
+  </ul>
+  <p>
+    There are several additional implementation classes, that can be used
+    together with the ones provided by Java. The notable one is
+    <code>org.apache.juli.FileHandler</code>.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <code>org.apache.juli.FileHandler</code> supports buffering of the
+      logs. The buffering is not enabled by default. To configure it, use the
+      <code>bufferSize</code> property of a handler. The value of <code>0</code>
+      uses system default buffering (typically an 8K buffer will be used). A
+      value of <code>&lt;0</code> forces a writer flush upon each log write. A
+      value <code>&gt;0</code> uses a BufferedOutputStream with the defined
+      value but note that the system default buffering will also be
+      applied.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    Example logging.properties file to be placed in $CATALINA_BASE/conf:
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
+           2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
+           3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, \
+           java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
+
+.handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
+
+############################################################
+# Handler specific properties.
+# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
+############################################################
+
+1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = catalina.
+
+2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = localhost.
+
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = manager.
+3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.bufferSize = 16384
+
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINE
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
+
+
+############################################################
+# Facility specific properties.
+# Provides extra control for each logger.
+############################################################
+
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].level = INFO
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].handlers = \
+   2localhost.org.apache.juli.FileHandler
+
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].level = INFO
+org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].handlers = \
+   3manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler
+
+# For example, set the org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase logger to log
+# each component that extends LifecycleBase changing state:
+#org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.level = FINE
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      Example logging.properties for the servlet-examples web application to be
+      placed in WEB-INF/classes inside the web application:
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+handlers = org.apache.juli.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
+
+############################################################
+# Handler specific properties.
+# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
+############################################################
+
+org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE
+org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
+org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = servlet-examples.
+
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINE
+java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </p>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Documentation references"><!--()--></a><a name="Documentation_references"><strong>Documentation references</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>See the following resources for additional information:</p>
+      <ul>
+        <li>Apache Tomcat Javadoc for the
+          <a href="api/org/apache/juli/package-summary.html"><code>org.apache.juli</code></a>
+          package.
+        </li>
+        <li>Oracle Java 6 Javadoc for the
+          <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/logging/package-summary.html"><code>java.util.logging</code></a>
+          package.
+        </li>
+      </ul>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Considerations for productive usage"><!--()--></a><a name="Considerations_for_productive_usage"><strong>Considerations for productive usage</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>You may want to take note of the following:</p>
+      <ul>
+        <li><p>Consider removing <code>ConsoleHandler</code> from configuration.</p>
+        <p>By default (thanks to the <code>.handlers</code> setting) logging goes
+        both to a <code>FileHandler</code> and to a <code>ConsoleHandler</code>.
+        The output of the latter one is usually captured into a file, such as
+        <code>catalina.out</code>. Thus you end up with two copies of the same
+        messages.</p>
+        </li>
+        <li><p>Consider removing <code>FileHandler</code>s for the applications
+        that you do not use. E.g., the one for <code>host-manager</code>.</p></li>
+        <li><p>The handlers by default use the system default encoding to write
+        the log files. It can be configured with <code>encoding</code> property.
+        See Javadoc for details.</p></li>
+        <li><p>Consider configuring an <a href="config/valve.html">Access
+        log</a>.</p></li>
+      </ul>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using Log4j"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_Log4j"><strong>Using Log4j</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      This section explains how to configure Tomcat to use
+      <a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j/">log4j</a> rather than
+      java.util.logging for all Tomcat's internal logging.
+    </p>
+    <p><em>Note</em>: The steps described in this section are needed
+      when you want to reconfigure Tomcat to use Apache log4j for its own
+      logging. These steps are <strong>not</strong> needed if you just want
+      to use log4j in your own web application. &mdash; In that case, just
+      put <code>log4j.jar</code> and <code>log4j.properties</code> into
+      <code>WEB-INF/lib</code> and <code>WEB-INF/classes</code>
+      of your web application.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The following steps describe configuring log4j to output Tomcat's
+      internal logging.
+    </p>
+
+    <ol>
+        <li>Create a file called <code>log4j.properties</code> with the
+        following content and save it into <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code></li>
+    </ol>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+log4j.rootLogger=INFO, CATALINA
+
+# Define all the appenders
+log4j.appender.CATALINA=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.File=${catalina.base}/logs/catalina.
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.Append=true
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.Encoding=UTF-8
+# Roll-over the log once per day
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.CATALINA.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.File=${catalina.base}/logs/localhost.
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.Append=true
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.LOCALHOST.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.MANAGER=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.File=${catalina.base}/logs/manager.
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.Append=true
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.MANAGER.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.File=${catalina.base}/logs/host-manager.
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.Append=true
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd'.log'
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.HOST-MANAGER.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.Encoding=UTF-8
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern = %d [%t] %-5p %c- %m%n
+
+# Configure which loggers log to which appenders
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost]=INFO, LOCALHOST
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager]=\
+  INFO, MANAGER
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager]=\
+  INFO, HOST-MANAGER
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <ol start="2">
+        <li><a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j">Download Log4J</a>
+        (v1.2 or later).</li>
+
+        <li><p>Download or build <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> and
+        <code>tomcat-juli-adapters.jar</code> that are available as an "extras"
+        component for Tomcat. See <a href="extras.html">Additional Components
+        documentation</a> for details.</p>
+        <p>This <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> differs from the default one. It
+        contains the full Apache Commons Logging implementation and thus is
+        able to discover the presense of log4j and configure itself.</p>
+        </li>
+
+        <li><p>If you want to configure Tomcat to use log4j globally:</p>
+        <ul>
+          <li>Put <code>log4j.jar</code> and
+            <code>tomcat-juli-adapters.jar</code> from "extras" into
+            <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code>.</li>
+          <li>Replace <code>$CATALINA_HOME/bin/tomcat-juli.jar</code> with
+          <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> from "extras".</li>
+        </ul>
+        </li>
+
+        <li><p>If you are running Tomcat with separate $CATALINA_HOME and
+        $CATALINA_BASE and want to configure to use log4j in a single
+        $CATALINA_BASE only:</p>
+        <ul>
+          <li>Create <code>$CATALINA_BASE/bin</code> and
+          <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code> directories if they do not exist.
+          </li>
+          <li>Put <code>log4j.jar</code> and
+             <code>tomcat-juli-adapters.jar</code> from "extras" into
+             <code>$CATALINA_BASE/lib</code></li>
+          <li>Put <code>tomcat-juli.jar</code> from "extras" as
+          <code>$CATALINA_BASE/bin/tomcat-juli.jar</code></li>
+          <li>If you are running with a
+          <a href="security-manager-howto.html">security manager</a>, you
+          would need to edit the
+          <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.policy</code> file to adjust
+          it to using a different copy of tomcat-juli.jar.</li>
+        </ul>
+        </li>
+
+        <li><p>Delete <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties</code> to
+        prevent java.util.logging generating zero length log files.</p></li>
+
+        <li><p>Start Tomcat</p></li>
+    </ol>
+
+    <p>
+      This log4j configuration mirrors the default java.util.logging setup
+      that ships with Tomcat: both the manager and host-manager apps get an
+      individual log file, and everything else goes to the "catalina.log" log
+      file. Each file is rolled-over once per day.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      You can (and should) be more picky about which packages to include
+      in the logging. Tomcat defines loggers by Engine and Host names.
+      For example, for a more detailed Catalina localhost log, add this to the
+      end of the log4j.properties above. Note that there are known issues with
+      using this naming convention (with square brackets) in log4j XML based
+      configuration files, so we recommend you use a properties file as
+      described until a future version of log4j allows this convention.
+    </p>
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost]=DEBUG
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.core=DEBUG
+log4j.logger.org.apache.catalina.session=DEBUG
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>
+      Be warned: a level of DEBUG will produce megabytes of logging and slow
+      startup of Tomcat. This level should be used sparingly when debugging of
+      internal Tomcat operations is required.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      Your web applications should certainly use their own log4j configuration.
+      This is valid <i>with</i> the above configuration.  You would place a
+      similar log4j.properties file in your web application's WEB-INF/classes
+      directory, and log4jx.y.z.jar into WEB-INF/lib. Then specify your package
+      level logging. This is a basic setup of log4j which does *not* require
+      Commons-Logging, and you should consult the
+      <a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j/docs/documentation.html">log4j
+      documentation</a> for more options. This page is intended only as a
+      bootstrapping guide.
+    </p>
+
+    <p><em>Additional notes</em></p>
+    <ul>
+        <li><p>This exposes log4j libraries to the web applications through the
+        Common classloader. See <a href="class-loader-howto.html">class loading</a>
+        documentation for details.</p>
+        <p>Because of that, the web applications and libraries using
+        <a href="http://commons.apache.org/logging">Apache Commons Logging</a>
+        library are likely to automatically choose log4j as the underlying
+        logging implementation.</p></li>
+
+        <li><p>The <code>java.util.logging</code> API is still available, for
+        those web applications that use it directly. The
+        <code>${catalina.base}/conf/logging.properties</code> file is still
+        referenced by Tomcat startup scripts.</p>
+        <p> Removal of <code>${catalina.base}/conf/logging.properties</code>
+        file, mentioned as one of the steps, just causes
+        <code>java.util.logging</code> to fallback to the default configuration
+        as configured in JRE, which is to use a ConsoleHandler and do not
+        create any files.</p></li>
+    </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Manager App HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Configuring_Manager_Application_Access">Configuring Manager Application Access</a></li><li><a href="#Supported_Manager_Commands">Supported Manager Commands</a><ol><li><a href="#Deploy_A_New_Application_Remotely">Deploy A New Application Remotely</a></li><li><a href="#Deploy_A_New_Application_from_a_Local_Path">Deploy A New Application from a Local Path</a></li><li><a href="#List_Currently_Deployed_Applications">List Currently Deployed Applications</a></li><li><a href="#Reload_An_Existing_Application">Reload An Existing Application</a></li><li><a href="#List_OS_and_JVM_Properties">List OS and JVM Properties</a></li><li><a href="#List_Available_Global_JNDI_Resources">List Available Global JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="#Session_Statistics">Session Statistics</a></li><li><a href="#Start_an_Existing_Application">Start an Existing Application</a></li><li><a href="#Stop_an_Existing_Application">Stop an Existing Application</a></li><li><a href="#Undeploy_an_Existing_Application">Undeploy an Existing Application</a></li><li><a href="#Finding_memory_leaks">Finding memory leaks</a></li><li><a href="#Server_Status">Server Status</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Executing_Manager_Commands_With_Ant">Executing Manager Commands With Ant</a><ol><li><a href="#Tasks_output_capture">Tasks output capture</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Using_the_JMX_Proxy_Servlet">Using the JMX Proxy Servlet</a><ol><li><a href="#What_is_JMX_Proxy_Servlet">What is JMX Proxy Servlet</a></li><li><a href="#JMX_Query_command">JMX Query command</a></li><li><a href="#JMX_Get_command">JMX Get command</a></li><li><a href="#JMX_Set_command">JMX Set command</a></li><li><a href="#JMX_Invoke_command">JMX Invoke command</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In many production environments, it is very useful to have the capability
+to deploy a new web application, or undeploy an existing one, without having
+to shut down and restart the entire container.  In addition, you can request
+an existing application to reload itself, even if you have not declared it
+to be <code>reloadable</code> in the Tomcat server
+configuration file.</p>
+
+<p>To support these capabilities, Tomcat includes a web application
+(installed by default on context path <code>/manager</code>) that supports
+the following functions:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Deploy a new web application from the uploaded contents of a WAR file.</li>
+<li>Deploy a new web application, on a specified context path, from the
+    server file system.</li>
+<li>List the currently deployed web applications, as well as the
+    sessions that are currently active for those web apps.</li>
+<li>Reload an existing web application, to reflect changes in the
+    contents of <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> or <code>/WEB-INF/lib</code>.
+    </li>
+<li>List the OS and JVM property values.</li>
+<li>List the available global JNDI resources, for use in deployment
+    tools that are preparing <code>&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</code> elements
+    nested in a <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> deployment description.</li>
+<li>Start a stopped application (thus making it available again).</li>
+<li>Stop an existing application (so that it becomes unavailable), but
+    do not undeploy it.</li>
+<li>Undeploy a deployed web application and delete its document base
+    directory (unless it was deployed from file system).</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>A default Tomcat installation includes the Manager. To add an instance of the
+Manager web application <code>Context</code> to a new host install the
+<code>manager.xml</code> context configuration file in the
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]</code> folder. Here is an
+example:</p>
+<pre>
+&lt;Context privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false"
+         docBase="${catalina.home}/webapps/manager"&gt;
+  &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+         allow="127\.0\.0\.1" /&gt;
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre>
+
+<p>If you have Tomcat configured to support multiple virtual hosts
+(websites) you would need to configure a Manager for each.</p>
+
+<p>There are three ways to use the <strong>Manager</strong> web application.</p>
+<ul>
+<li>As an application with a user interface you use in your browser.
+Here is an example URL where you can replace <code>localhost</code> with
+your website host name:  <code>http://localhost/manager/html/</code> .</li>
+<li>A minimal version using HTTP requests only which is suitable for use
+by scripts setup by system administrators.  Commands are given as part of the
+request URI, and responses are in the form of simple text that can be easily
+parsed and processed.  See <a href="#Supported Manager Commands">
+Supported Manager Commands</a> for more information.</li>
+<li>A convenient set of task definitions for the <em>Ant</em>
+(version 1.4 or later) build tool.  See
+<a href="#Executing Manager Commands With Ant">Executing Manager Commands
+With Ant</a> for more information.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuring Manager Application Access"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuring_Manager_Application_Access"><strong>Configuring Manager Application Access</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <blockquote>
+    <p><em>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</em></p>
+    </blockquote>
+
+<p>It would be quite unsafe to ship Tomcat with default settings that allowed
+anyone on the Internet to execute the Manager application on your server.
+Therefore, the Manager application is shipped with the requirement that anyone
+who attempts to use it must authenticate themselves, using a username and
+password that have one of <strong>manager-**</strong> roles associated with
+them (the role name depends on what functionality is required).
+Further, there is no username in the default users file
+(<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>) that is assigned to those
+roles.  Therefore, access to the Manager application is completely disabled
+by default.</p>
+
+<p>You can find the role names in the <code>web.xml</code> file of the Manager
+web application. The available roles are:</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li><strong>manager-gui</strong> &mdash; Access to the HTML interface.</li>
+  <li><strong>manager-status</strong> &mdash; Access to the "Server Status"
+    page only.</li>
+  <li><strong>manager-script</strong> &mdash; Access to the tools-friendly
+    plain text interface that is described in this document,
+    and to the "Server Status" page.</li>
+  <li><strong>manager-jmx</strong> &mdash; Access to JMX proxy interface
+    and to the "Server Status" page.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>The HTML interface is protected against CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery)
+attacks, but the text and JMX interfaces cannot be protected. To maintain
+the CSRF protection:</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>Users with the <strong>manager-gui</strong> role should not be granted
+      the <strong>manager-script</strong> or <strong>manager-jmx</strong>
+      roles.</li>
+  <li>If you use web browser to access the Manager application using
+      a user that has either <strong>manager-script</strong> or
+      <strong>manager-jmx</strong> roles (for example for testing
+      the plain text or JMX interfaces),
+      then all windows of the browser MUST be closed afterwards to terminate
+      the session.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Note that JMX proxy interface is effectively low-level root-like
+administrative interface of Tomcat. One can do a lot, if he knows
+what commands to call. You should be cautious when enabling the
+<strong>manager-jmx</strong> role.</p>
+
+<p>To enable access to the Manager web application, you must either create
+a new username/password combination and associate one of the
+<strong>manager-**</strong> roles with it, or add a
+<strong>manager-**</strong> role
+to some existing username/password combination.
+As the majority of this document describes the commands of plain textual
+interface, let the role name for further example to be
+<strong>manager-script</strong>.
+Exactly how the usernames/passwords are configured depends on which
+<code>Realm</code> implementation you are using:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>MemoryRealm</em> &mdash; This one is configured in the default
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>.
+    If you have not configured it differently, or replaced it with
+    a different <code>Realm</code> implementation, this realm
+    reads an XML-format file stored at
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>, which can be
+    edited with any text editor.  This file contains an XML
+    <code>&lt;user&gt;</code> for each individual user, which might
+    look something like this:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;user name="craigmcc" password="secret" roles="standard,manager-script" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    which defines the username and password used by this individual to
+    log on, and the role names he or she is associated with.  You can
+    add the <strong>manager-script</strong> role to the comma-delimited
+    <code>roles</code> attribute for one or more existing users, and/or
+    create new users with that assigned role.</li>
+<li><em>JDBCRealm</em> &mdash; Your user and role information is stored in
+    a database accessed via JDBC.  Add the <strong>manager-script</strong> role
+    to one or more existing users, and/or create one or more new users
+    with this role assigned, following the standard procedures for your
+    environment.</li>
+<li><em>JNDIRealm</em> &mdash; Your user and role information is stored in
+    a directory server accessed via LDAP.  Add the
+    <strong>manager-script</strong> role to one or more existing users,
+    and/or create one or more new users with this role assigned, following
+    the standard procedures for your environment.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>The first time you attempt to issue one of the Manager commands
+described in the next section, you will be challenged to log on using
+BASIC authentication.  The username and password you enter do not matter,
+as long as they identify a valid user in the users database who possesses
+the role <strong>manager-script</strong>.</p>
+
+<p>In addition to the password restrictions the Manager web application
+could be restricted by the <strong>remote IP address</strong> or host by adding
+a <code>RemoteAddrValve</code> or <code>RemoteHostValve</code>.
+See <a href="config/valve.html#Remote_Address_Filter">valves documentation</a>
+for details. Here is
+an example of restricting access to the localhost by IP address:</p>
+<pre>
+&lt;Context privileged="true"&gt;
+         &lt;Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+                allow="127\.0\.0\.1"/&gt;
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Supported Manager Commands"><!--()--></a><a name="Supported_Manager_Commands"><strong>Supported Manager Commands</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>All commands that the Manager application knows how to process are
+specified in a single request URI like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://{host}:{port}/manager/text/{command}?{parameters}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>where <code>{host}</code> and <code>{port}</code> represent the hostname
+and port number on which Tomcat is running, <code>{command}</code>
+represents the Manager command you wish to execute, and
+<code>{parameters}</code> represents the query parameters
+that are specific to that command.  In the illustrations below, customize
+the host and port appropriately for your installation.</p>
+
+<p>Most commands accept one or more of the following query parameters:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>path</strong> - The context path (including the leading slash)
+    of the web application you are dealing with.  To select the ROOT web
+    application, specify "/".  <strong>NOTE</strong> -
+    It is not possible to perform administrative commands on the
+    Manager application itself.</li>
+<li><strong>version</strong> - The version of this web application as used by
+    the parallel deployment feature,</li>
+<li><strong>war</strong> - URL of a web application archive (WAR) file,
+    pathname of a directory which contains the web application, or a
+    Context configuration ".xml" file.  You can use URLs in any of the
+    following formats:
+    <ul>
+    <li><strong>file:/absolute/path/to/a/directory</strong> - The absolute
+        path of a directory that contains the unpacked version of a web
+        application.  This directory will be attached to the context path
+        you specify without any changes.</li>
+    <li><strong>file:/absolute/path/to/a/webapp.war</strong> - The absolute
+        path of a web application archive (WAR) file.  This is valid
+        <strong>only</strong> for the <code>/deploy</code> command, and is
+        the only acceptable format to that command.</li>
+    <li><strong>jar:file:/absolute/path/to/a/warfile.war!/</strong> - The
+        URL to a local web application archive (WAR) file.  You can use any
+        syntax that is valid for the <code>JarURLConnection</code> class
+        for reference to an entire JAR file.</li>
+    <li><strong>file:/absolute/path/to/a/context.xml</strong> - The
+        absolute path of a web application Context configuration ".xml"
+        file which contains the Context configuration element.</li>
+    <li><strong>directory</strong> - The directory name for the web
+        application context in the Host's application base directory.</li>
+    <li><strong>webapp.war</strong> - The name of a web application war file
+        located in the Host's application base directory.</li>
+    </ul></li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Each command will return a response in <code>text/plain</code> format
+(i.e. plain ASCII with no HTML markup), making it easy for both humans and
+programs to read).  The first line of the response will begin with either
+<code>OK</code> or <code>FAIL</code>, indicating whether the requested
+command was successful or not.  In the case of failure, the rest of the first
+line will contain a description of the problem that was encountered.  Some
+commands include additional lines of information as described below.</p>
+
+<p><em>Internationalization Note</em> - The Manager application looks up
+its message strings in resource bundles, so it is possible that the strings
+have been translated for your platform.  The examples below show the English
+version of the messages.</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploy A New Application Remotely"><!--()--></a><a name="Deploy_A_New_Application_Remotely"><strong>Deploy A New Application Remotely</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=/foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Upload the web application archive (WAR) file that is specified as the
+request data in this HTTP PUT request, install it into the <code>appBase</code>
+directory of our corresponding virtual host, and start , using the directory
+name or the war file name without the .war extension as the path.  The
+application can later be undeployed (and the corresponding application directory
+removed) by use of the <code>/undeploy</code> command.</p>
+
+<p>The .WAR file may include Tomcat specific deployment configuration, by
+including a Context configuration XML file in
+<code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>.</p>
+
+<p>URL parameters include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>update</code>: When set to true, any existing update will be
+    undeployed first. The default value is set to false.</li>
+<li><code>tag</code>: Specifying a tag name, this allows associating the
+    deployed webapp with a tag or label. If the web application is undeployed,
+    it can be later redeployed when needed using only the tag.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><strong>NOTE</strong> - This command is the logical
+opposite of the <code>/undeploy</code> command.</p>
+
+<p>If installation and startup is successful, you will receive a response
+like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Deployed application at context path /foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Application already exists at path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context paths for all currently running web applications must be
+    unique.  Therefore, you must undeploy the existing web
+    application using this context path, or choose a different context path
+    for the new one. The <code>update</code> parameter may be specified as
+    a parameter on the URL, with a value of <code>true</code> to avoid this
+    error. In that case, an undeploy will be performed on an existing
+    application before performing the deployment.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to start the new web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details, but likely explanations include
+    problems parsing your <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> file, or missing
+    classes encountered when initializing application event listeners and
+    filters.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Deploy A New Application from a Local Path"><!--()--></a><a name="Deploy_A_New_Application_from_a_Local_Path"><strong>Deploy A New Application from a Local Path</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Deploy and start a new web application, attached to the specified context
+<code>path</code> (which must not be in use by any other web application).
+This command is the logical opposite of the <code>/undeploy</code> command.</p>
+
+<p>There are a number of different ways the deploy command can be used.</p>
+
+<h3>Deploy a previously deployed webapp</h3>
+
+<p>This can be used to deploy a previously deployed web application, which
+has been deployed using the <code>tag</code> attribute. Note that the work
+directory for the Manager webapp will contain the previously deployed WARs;
+removing it would make the deployment fail.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=/footoo&amp;tag=footag
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<h3>Deploy a Directory or WAR by URL</h3>
+
+<p>Deploy a web application directory or ".war" file located on the Tomcat
+server. If no <code>path</code> is specified, the directory name or the war file
+name without the ".war" extension is used as the path. The <code>war</code>
+parameter specifies a URL (including the <code>file:</code> scheme) for either
+a directory or a web application archive (WAR) file. The supported syntax for
+a URL referring to a WAR file is described on the Javadocs page for the
+<code>java.net.JarURLConnection</code> class.  Use only URLs that refer to
+the entire WAR file.</p>
+
+<p>In this example the web application located in the directory
+<code>/path/to/foo</code> on the Tomcat server is deployed as the
+web application context named <code>/footoo</code>.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=/footoo&amp;war=file:/path/to/foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>In this example the ".war" file <code>/path/to/bar.war</code> on the
+Tomcat server is deployed as the web application context named
+<code>/bar</code>. Notice that there is no <code>path</code> parameter
+so the context path defaults to the name of the web application archive
+file without the ".war" extension.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?war=jar:file:/path/to/bar.war!/
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<h3>Deploy a Directory or War from the Host appBase</h3>
+
+<p>Deploy a web application directory or ".war" file located in your Host
+appBase directory. The directory name or the war file name without the ".war"
+extension is used as the path.</p>
+
+<p>In this example the web application located in a sub directory named
+<code>foo</code> in the Host appBase directory of the Tomcat server is
+deployed as the web application context named <code>/foo</code>. Notice
+that the context path used is the name of the web application directory.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?war=foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>In this example the ".war" file <code>bar.war</code> located in your
+Host appBase directory on the Tomcat server is deployed as the web
+application context named <code>/bar</code>.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?war=bar.war
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<h3>Deploy using a Context configuration ".xml" file</h3>
+
+<p>If the Host deployXML flag is set to true you can deploy a web
+application using a Context configuration ".xml" file and an optional
+".war" file or web application directory. The context <code>path</code>
+is not used when deploying a web application using a context ".xml"
+configuration file.</p>
+
+<p>A Context configuration ".xml" file can contain valid XML for a
+web application Context just as if it were configured in your
+Tomcat <code>server.xml</code> configuration file. Here is an
+example:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Context path="/foobar" docBase="/path/to/application/foobar"&gt;
+&lt;/Context&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>When the optional <code>war</code> parameter is set to the URL
+for a web application ".war" file or directory it overrides any
+docBase configured in the context configuration ".xml" file.</p>
+
+<p>Here is an example of deploying an application using a Context
+configuration ".xml" file.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?config=file:/path/context.xml
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<p>Here is an example of deploying an application using a Context
+configuration ".xml" file and a web application ".war" file located
+on the server.</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy
+ ?config=file:/path/context.xml&amp;war=jar:file:/path/bar.war!/
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+<h3>Deployment Notes</h3>
+
+<p>If the Host is configured with unpackWARs=true and you deploy a war
+file, the war will be unpacked into a directory in your Host appBase
+directory.</p>
+
+<p>If the application war or directory is installed in your Host appBase
+directory and either the Host is configured with autoDeploy=true or the
+Context path must match the directory name or war file name without the
+".war" extension.</p>
+
+<p>For security when untrusted users can manage web applications, the
+Host deployXML flag can be set to false.  This prevents untrusted users
+from deploying web applications using a configuration XML file and
+also prevents them from deploying application directories or ".war"
+files located outside of their Host appBase.</p>
+
+
+<h3>Deploy Response</h3>
+
+<p>If installation and startup is successful, you will receive a response
+like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Deployed application at context path /foo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Application already exists at path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context paths for all currently running web applications must be
+    unique.  Therefore, you must undeploy the existing web
+    application using this context path, or choose a different context path
+    for the new one. The <code>update</code> parameter may be specified as
+    a parameter on the URL, with a value of <code>true</code> to avoid this
+    error. In that case, an undeploy will be performed on an existing
+    application before performing the deployment.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Document base does not exist or is not a readable directory</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The URL specified by the <code>war</code> parameter must identify a
+    directory on this server that contains the "unpacked" version of a
+    web application, or the absolute URL of a web application archive (WAR)
+    file that contains this application.  Correct the value specified by
+    the <code>war</code> parameter.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to start the new web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details, but likely explanations include
+    problems parsing your <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code> file, or missing
+    classes encountered when initializing application event listeners and
+    filters.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid application URL was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The URL for the directory or web application that you specified
+    was not valid.  Such URLs must start with <code>file:</code>, and URLs
+    for a WAR file must end in ".war".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character. To reference the
+    ROOT web application use "/".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Context path must match the directory or WAR file name:</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    If the application war or directory is installed in your Host appBase
+    directory and either the Host is configured with autoDeploy=true the
+    Context path must match the directory name or war file name without
+    the ".war" extension.
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Only web applications in the Host web application directory can
+     be installed</em>
+     <blockquote>
+     If the Host deployXML flag is set to false this error will happen
+     if an attempt is made to deploy a web application directory or
+      ".war" file outside of the Host appBase directory.
+     </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="List Currently Deployed Applications"><!--()--></a><a name="List_Currently_Deployed_Applications"><strong>List Currently Deployed Applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/list
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>List the context paths, current status (<code>running</code> or
+<code>stopped</code>), and number of active sessions for all currently
+deployed web applications.  A typical response immediately
+after starting Tomcat might look like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Listed applications for virtual host localhost
+/webdav:running:0
+/examples:running:0
+/manager:running:0
+/:running:0
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Reload An Existing Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Reload_An_Existing_Application"><strong>Reload An Existing Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/reload?path=/examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Signal an existing application to shut itself down and reload.  This can
+be useful when the web application context is not reloadable and you have
+updated classes or property files in the <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code>
+directory or when you have added or updated jar files in the
+<code>/WEB-INF/lib</code> directory.
+</p>
+<p><strong>NOTE:</strong> The <code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>
+web application configuration file is not reread on a reload.
+If you have made changes to your web.xml file you must stop
+then start the web application.
+</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a response like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Reloaded application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to restart the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character. To reference the
+    ROOT web application use "/".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Reload not supported on WAR deployed at path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    Currently, application reloading (to pick up changes to the classes or
+    <code>web.xml</code> file) is not supported when a web application is
+    deployed directly from a WAR file.  It only works when the web application
+    is deployed from an unpacked directory.  If you are using a WAR file,
+    you should <code>undeploy</code> and then <code>deploy</code> or
+    <code>deploy</code> with the <code>update</code> parameter the
+    application again to pick up your changes.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="List OS and JVM Properties"><!--()--></a><a name="List_OS_and_JVM_Properties"><strong>List OS and JVM Properties</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/serverinfo
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Lists information about the Tomcat version, OS, and JVM properties.</p>
+
+<p>If an error occurs, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and
+include an error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to enumerate the system properties.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="List Available Global JNDI Resources"><!--()--></a><a name="List_Available_Global_JNDI_Resources"><strong>List Available Global JNDI Resources</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/resources[?type=xxxxx]
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>List the global JNDI resources that are available for use in resource
+links for context configuration files.  If you specify the <code>type</code>
+request parameter, the value must be the fully qualified Java class name of
+the resource type you are interested in (for example, you would specify
+<code>javax.sql.DataSource</code> to acquire the names of all available
+JDBC data sources).  If you do not specify the <code>type</code> request
+parameter, resources of all types will be returned.</p>
+
+<p>Depending on whether the <code>type</code> request parameter is specified
+or not, the first line of a normal response will be:</p>
+<pre>
+  OK - Listed global resources of all types
+</pre>
+<p>or</p>
+<pre>
+  OK - Listed global resources of type xxxxx
+</pre>
+<p>followed by one line for each resource.  Each line is composed of fields
+delimited by colon characters (":"), as follows:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Global Resource Name</em> - The name of this global JNDI resource,
+    which would be used in the <code>global</code> attribute of a
+    <code>&lt;ResourceLink&gt;</code> element.</li>
+<li><em>Global Resource Type</em> - The fully qualified Java class name of
+    this global JNDI resource.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>If an error occurs, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and
+include an error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to enumerate the global JNDI
+    resources.  Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No global JNDI resources are available</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The Tomcat server you are running has been configured without
+    global JNDI resources.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Session Statistics"><!--()--></a><a name="Session_Statistics"><strong>Session Statistics</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/sessions?path=/examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Display the default session timeout for a web application, and the
+number of currently active sessions that fall within ten-minute ranges of
+their actual timeout times.  For example, after restarting Tomcat and then
+executing one of the JSP samples in the <code>/examples</code> web app,
+you might get something like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Session information for application at context path /examples
+Default maximum session inactive interval 30 minutes
+30 - &lt;40 minutes:1 sessions
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Start an Existing Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Start_an_Existing_Application"><strong>Start an Existing Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/start?path=/examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Signal a stopped application to restart, and make itself available again.
+Stopping and starting is useful, for example, if the database required by
+your application becomes temporarily unavailable.  It is usually better to
+stop the web application that relies on this database rather than letting
+users continuously encounter database exceptions.</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a response like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Started application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to start the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character. To reference the
+    ROOT web application use "/".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Stop an Existing Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Stop_an_Existing_Application"><strong>Stop an Existing Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/stop?path=/examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Signal an existing application to make itself unavailable, but leave it
+deployed.  Any request that comes in while an application is
+stopped will see an HTTP error 404, and this application will show as
+"stopped" on a list applications command.</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a response like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Stopped application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to stop the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character. To reference the
+    ROOT web application use "/".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Undeploy an Existing Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Undeploy_an_Existing_Application"><strong>Undeploy an Existing Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/undeploy?path=/examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p><strong><font color="red">WARNING</font> - This command will delete any web
+application artifacts that exist within <code>appBase</code> directory
+(typically "webapps") for this virtual host</strong>.
+This will delete the the application .WAR, if present,
+the application directory resulting either from a deploy in unpacked form
+or from .WAR expansion as well as the XML Context definition from
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/</code> directory.
+If you simply want to take an application
+out of service, you should use the <code>/stop</code> command instead.</p>
+
+<p>Signal an existing application to gracefully shut itself down, and
+remove it from Tomcat (which also makes this context path available for
+reuse later).  In addition, the document root directory is removed, if it
+exists in the <code>appBase</code> directory (typically "webapps") for
+this virtual host.  This command is the logical opposite of the
+<code>/deploy</code> command.</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a response like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+OK - Undeployed application at context path /examples
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Otherwise, the response will start with <code>FAIL</code> and include an
+error message.  Possible causes for problems include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Encountered exception</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>An exception was encountered trying to undeploy the web application.
+    Check the Tomcat logs for the details.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>Invalid context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>The context path must start with a slash character. To reference the
+    ROOT web application use "/".</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context exists for path /foo</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>There is no deployed application on the context path
+    that you specified.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+<li><em>No context path was specified</em>
+    <blockquote>
+    The <code>path</code> parameter is required.
+    </blockquote></li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Finding memory leaks"><!--()--></a><a name="Finding_memory_leaks"><strong>Finding memory leaks</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/text/findleaks[?statusLine=[true|false]]
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p><strong>The find leaks diagnostic triggers a full garbage collection. It
+should be used with extreme caution on production systems.</strong></p>
+
+<p>The find leaks diagnostic attempts to identify web applications that have
+caused memory leaks when they were stopped, reloaded or undeployed. Results
+should always be confirmed
+with a profiler. The diagnostic uses additional functionality provided by the
+StandardHost implementation. It will not work if a custom host is used that
+does not extend StandardHost.</p>
+
+<p>Explicitly triggering a full garbage collection from Java code is documented
+to be unreliable. Furthermore, depending on the JVM used, there are options to
+disable explicit GC triggering, like <code>-XX:+DisableExplicitGC</code>.
+If you want to make sure, that the diagnostics were successfully running a full
+GC, you will need to check using tools like GC logging, JConsole or similar.</p>
+
+<p>If this command succeeds, you will see a response like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+/leaking-webapp
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>If you wish to see a status line included in the response then include the
+<code>statusLine</code> query parameter in the request with a value of
+<code>true</code>.</p>
+
+<p>Each context path for a web application that was stopped, reloaded or
+undeployed, but which classes from the previous runs are still loaded in memory,
+thus causing a memory leak, will be listed on a new line. If an application
+has been reloaded several times, it may be listed several times.</p>
+
+<p>If the command does not succeed, the response will start with
+<code>FAIL</code> and include an error message.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server Status"><!--()--></a><a name="Server_Status"><strong>Server Status</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>From this link , you can view information about the server.</p>
+
+<p>First, you have the server and JVM version number, JVM provider, OS name
+and number followed by the architecture type.</p>
+
+<p>Second, there is several information about the memory usage of the JVM
+(available, total and max memory).</p>
+
+<p>Then, there is information about the Tomcat AJP and HTTP connectors.
+The same information is available for both of them :
+</p>
+<ul>
+    <li><p>Threads information : Max threads, min and max spare threads,
+    current thread count and current thread busy.</p></li>
+    <li><p>Request information : Max processing time and processing time,
+    request and error count, bytes received and sent.</p></li>
+    <li><p>A table showing Stage, Time, Bytes Sent, Bytes Receive, Client,
+    VHost and Request. All existing threads are listed in the table.
+    Here is the list of the possible thread stages :</p>
+    <ul>
+        <li><p><em>"Parse and Prepare Request"</em> : The request headers are
+        being parsed or the necessary preparation to read the request body (if
+        a transfer encoding has been specified) is taking place.</p></li>
+        <li><p><em>"Service"</em> : The thread is processing a request and
+        generating the response. This stage follows the "Parse and Prepare
+        Request" stage and precedes the "Finishing" stage. There is always at
+        least one thread in this stage (the server-status page).</p></li>
+        <li><p><em>"Finishing"</em> : The end of the request processing. Any
+        remainder of the response still in the output buffers is sent to the
+        client. This stage is followed by "Keep-Alive" if it is appropriate to
+        keep the connection alive or "Ready" if "Keep-Alive" is not
+        appropriate.</p></li>
+        <li><p><em>"Keep-Alive"</em> : The thread keeps the connection open to
+        the client in case the client sends another request. If another request
+        is received, the next stage will br "Parse and Prepare Requst". If no
+        request is received before the keep alive times out, the connection will
+        be closed and the next stage will be "Ready".</p></li>
+        <li><p><em>"Ready"</em> : The thread is at rest and ready to be
+        used.</p></li>
+    </ul>
+    </li>
+</ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Executing Manager Commands With Ant"><!--()--></a><a name="Executing_Manager_Commands_With_Ant"><strong>Executing Manager Commands With Ant</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In addition to the ability to execute Manager commands via HTTP requests,
+as documented above, Tomcat includes a convenient set of Task definitions
+for the <em>Ant</em> (version 1.4 or later) build tool.  In order to use these
+commands, you must perform the following setup operations:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Download the binary distribution of Ant from
+    <a href="http://ant.apache.org">http://ant.apache.org</a>.
+    You must use version <strong>1.4</strong> or later.</li>
+<li>Install the Ant distribution in a convenient directory (called
+    ANT_HOME in the remainder of these instructions).</li>
+<li>Copy the file <code>server/lib/catalina-ant.jar</code> from your Tomcat
+    installation into Ant's library directory (<code>$ANT_HOME/lib</code>).
+    </li>
+<li>Add the <code>$ANT_HOME/bin</code> directory to your <code>PATH</code>
+    environment variable.</li>
+<li>Configure at least one username/password combination in your Tomcat
+    user database that includes the <code>manager-script</code> role.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>To use custom tasks within Ant, you must declare them first with a
+<code>&lt;taskdef&gt;</code> element.  Therefore, your <code>build.xml</code>
+file might look something like this:</p>
+
+<table border="1">
+<tr><td><pre>
+&lt;project name="My Application" default="compile" basedir="."&gt;
+
+  &lt;!-- Configure the directory into which the web application is built --&gt;
+  &lt;property name="build"    value="${basedir}/build"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;!-- Configure the context path for this application --&gt;
+  &lt;property name="path"     value="/myapp"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;!-- Configure properties to access the Manager application --&gt;
+  &lt;property name="url"      value="http://localhost:8080/manager/text"/&gt;
+  &lt;property name="username" value="myusername"/&gt;
+  &lt;property name="password" value="mypassword"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;!-- Configure the custom Ant tasks for the Manager application --&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="deploy"    classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.DeployTask"/&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="list"      classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ListTask"/&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="reload"    classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ReloadTask"/&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="findleaks" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.FindLeaksTask"/&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="resources" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ResourcesTask"/&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="start"     classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StartTask"/&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="stop"      classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StopTask"/&gt;
+  &lt;taskdef name="undeploy"  classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.UndeployTask"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;!-- Executable Targets --&gt;
+  &lt;target name="compile" description="Compile web application"&gt;
+    &lt;!-- ... construct web application in ${build} subdirectory, and
+            generated a ${path}.war ... --&gt;
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+  &lt;target name="deploy" description="Install web application"
+          depends="compile"&gt;
+    &lt;deploy url="${url}" username="${username}" password="${password}"
+            path="${path}" war="file:${build}${path}.war"/&gt;
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+  &lt;target name="reload" description="Reload web application"
+          depends="compile"&gt;
+    &lt;reload  url="${url}" username="${username}" password="${password}"
+            path="${path}"/&gt;
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+  &lt;target name="undeploy" description="Remove web application"&gt;
+    &lt;undeploy url="${url}" username="${username}" password="${password}"
+            path="${path}"/&gt;
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+&lt;/project&gt;
+</pre></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Note: The definition of the resources task above will override the resources
+datatype added in Ant 1.7. If you wish to use the resources datatype you will
+need to use Ant's namespace support to assign the Tomcat tasks to their own
+namespace.</p>
+
+<p>Now, you can execute commands like <code>ant deploy</code> to deploy the
+application to a running instance of Tomcat, or <code>ant reload</code> to
+tell Tomcat to reload it.  Note also that most of the interesting values in
+this <code>build.xml</code> file are defined as replaceable properties, so
+you can override their values from the command line.  For example, you might
+consider it a security risk to include the real manager password in your
+<code>build.xml</code> file's source code.  To avoid this, omit the password
+property, and specify it from the command line:</p>
+<pre>
+  ant -Dpassword=secret deploy
+</pre>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tasks output capture"><!--()--></a><a name="Tasks_output_capture"><strong>Tasks output capture</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Using <em>Ant</em> version <strong>1.6.2</strong> or later,
+the Catalina tasks offer the option to capture their output in
+properties or external files. They support directly the following subset of the
+<code>&lt;redirector&gt;</code> type attributes:
+</p>
+
+<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top"><b>Attribute</b></td>
+<td valign="top"><b>Description</b></td>
+<td align="center" valign="top"><b>Required</b></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">output</td>
+<td valign="top">Name of a file to which to write the output. If
+the error stream is not also redirected to a file or property, it will
+appear in this output.</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">error</td>
+<td valign="top">The file to which the standard error of the
+command should be redirected.</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">logError</td>
+<td valign="top">This attribute is used when you wish to see
+error output in Ant's log and you are redirecting output to a
+file/property. The error output will not be included in the output
+file/property. If you redirect error with the <i>error</i> or <i>errorProperty</i>
+attributes, this will have no effect.</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">append</td>
+<td valign="top">Whether output and error files should be
+appended to or overwritten. Defaults to <code>false</code>.</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">createemptyfiles</td>
+<td valign="top">Whether output and error files should be created
+even when empty. Defaults to <code>true</code>.</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">outputproperty</td>
+<td valign="top">The name of a property in which the output of
+the command should be stored. Unless the error stream is redirected to
+a separate file or stream, this property will include the error output.</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">errorproperty</td>
+<td valign="top">The name of a property in which the standard
+error of the command should be stored.</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>A couple of additional attributes can also be specified:
+</p>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top"><b>Attribute</b></td>
+<td valign="top"><b>Description</b></td>
+<td align="center" valign="top"><b>Required</b></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">alwaysLog</td>
+<td valign="top">This attribute is used when you wish to see the
+output you are capturing, appearing also in the Ant's log. It must not be
+used unless you are capturing task output.
+Defaults to <code>false</code>.
+<em>This attribute will be supported directly by <code>&lt;redirector&gt;</code>
+in Ant 1.6.3</em></td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td valign="top">failonerror</td>
+<td valign="top">This attribute is used when you wish to avoid that
+any manager command processing error terminates the ant execution. Defaults to <code>true</code>.
+It must be set to <code>false</code>, if you want to capture error output,
+otherwise execution will terminate before anything can be captured.
+<br>
+This attribute acts only on manager command execution,
+any wrong or missing command attribute will still cause Ant execution termination.
+</td>
+<td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>They also support the embedded <code>&lt;redirector&gt;</code> element
+in which you can specify
+its full set of attributes, but <code>input</code>, <code>inputstring</code> and
+<code>inputencoding</code> that, even if accepted, are not used because they have
+no meaning in this context.
+Refer to <a href="http://ant.apache.org">ant manual</a> for details on
+<code>&lt;redirector&gt;</code> element attributes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Here is a sample build file extract that shows how this output redirection support
+can be used:
+</p>
+
+<table border="1">
+<tr><td><pre>
+    &lt;target name="manager.deploy"
+        depends="context.status"
+        if="context.notInstalled"&gt;
+        &lt;deploy url="${mgr.url}"
+            username="${mgr.username}"
+            password="${mgr.password}"
+            path="${mgr.context.path}"
+            config="${mgr.context.descriptor}"/&gt;
+    &lt;/target&gt;
+
+    &lt;target name="manager.deploy.war"
+        depends="context.status"
+        if="context.deployable"&gt;
+        &lt;deploy url="${mgr.url}"
+            username="${mgr.username}"
+            password="${mgr.password}"
+            update="${mgr.update}"
+            path="${mgr.context.path}"
+            war="${mgr.war.file}"/&gt;
+    &lt;/target&gt;
+
+    &lt;target name="context.status"&gt;
+        &lt;property name="running" value="${mgr.context.path}:running"/&gt;
+        &lt;property name="stopped" value="${mgr.context.path}:stopped"/&gt;
+
+        &lt;list url="${mgr.url}"
+            outputproperty="ctx.status"
+            username="${mgr.username}"
+            password="${mgr.password}"&gt;
+        &lt;/list&gt;
+
+        &lt;condition property="context.running"&gt;
+            &lt;contains string="${ctx.status}" substring="${running}"/&gt;
+        &lt;/condition&gt;
+        &lt;condition property="context.stopped"&gt;
+            &lt;contains string="${ctx.status}" substring="${stopped}"/&gt;
+        &lt;/condition&gt;
+        &lt;condition property="context.notInstalled"&gt;
+            &lt;and&gt;
+                &lt;isfalse value="${context.running}"/&gt;
+                &lt;isfalse value="${context.stopped}"/&gt;
+            &lt;/and&gt;
+        &lt;/condition&gt;
+        &lt;condition property="context.deployable"&gt;
+            &lt;or&gt;
+                &lt;istrue value="${context.notInstalled}"/&gt;
+                &lt;and&gt;
+                    &lt;istrue value="${context.running}"/&gt;
+                    &lt;istrue value="${mgr.update}"/&gt;
+                &lt;/and&gt;
+                &lt;and&gt;
+                    &lt;istrue value="${context.stopped}"/&gt;
+                    &lt;istrue value="${mgr.update}"/&gt;
+                &lt;/and&gt;
+            &lt;/or&gt;
+        &lt;/condition&gt;
+        &lt;condition property="context.undeployable"&gt;
+            &lt;or&gt;
+                &lt;istrue value="${context.running}"/&gt;
+                &lt;istrue value="${context.stopped}"/&gt;
+            &lt;/or&gt;
+        &lt;/condition&gt;
+    &lt;/target&gt;
+</pre></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><strong>WARNING:</strong> even if it doesn't make many sense, and is always a bad idea,
+calling a Catalina task more than once,
+badly set Ant tasks depends chains may cause that a task be called
+more than once in the same Ant run, even if not intended to. A bit of caution should be exercised when you are
+capturing output from that task, because this could lead to something unexpected:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>when capturing in a property you will find in it only the output from the <em>first</em> call, because
+Ant properties are immutable and once set they cannot be changed,
+</li>
+<li>when capturing in a file, each run will overwrite it and you will find in it only the <em>last</em> call
+output, unless you are using the <code>append="true"</code> attribute, in which case you will
+see the output of each task call appended to the file.
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using the JMX Proxy Servlet"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_the_JMX_Proxy_Servlet"><strong>Using the JMX Proxy Servlet</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="What is JMX Proxy Servlet"><!--()--></a><a name="What_is_JMX_Proxy_Servlet"><strong>What is JMX Proxy Servlet</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    The JMX Proxy Servlet is a lightweight proxy to get and set the
+    tomcat internals. (Or any class that has been exposed via an MBean)
+    Its usage is not very user friendly but the UI is
+    extremely help for integrating command line scripts for monitoring
+    and changing the internals of tomcat. You can do two things with the proxy:
+    get information and set information. For you to really understand the
+    JMX Proxy Servlet, you should have a general understanding of JMX.
+    If you don't know what JMX is, then prepare to be confused.
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMX Query command"><!--()--></a><a name="JMX_Query_command"><strong>JMX Query command</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    This takes the form:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://webserver/manager/jmxproxy/?qry=STUFF
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    Where <code>STUFF</code> is the JMX query you wish to perform. For example,
+    here are some queries you might wish to run:
+    <ul>
+      <li>
+        <code>qry=*%3Atype%3DRequestProcessor%2C* --&gt;
+         type=RequestProcessor</code> which will locate all
+         workers which can process requests and report
+         their state.
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        <code>qry=*%3Aj2eeType=Servlet%2c* --&gt;
+            j2eeType=Servlet</code> which return all loaded servlets.
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        <code>qry=Catalina%3Atype%3DEnvironment%2Cresourcetype%3DGlobal%2Cname%3DsimpleValue --&gt;
+            Catalina:type=Environment,resourcetype=Global,name=simpleValue</code>
+            which look for a specific MBean by the given name.
+      </li>
+    </ul>
+    You'll need to experiment with this to really understand its capabilites.
+    If you provide no <code>qry</code> parameter, then all of the MBeans will
+    be displayed. We really recommend looking at the tomcat source code and
+    understand the JMX spec to get a better understanding of all the queries
+    you may run.
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMX Get command"><!--()--></a><a name="JMX_Get_command"><strong>JMX Get command</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    The JXMProxyServlet also supports a "get" command that you can use to
+    fetch the value of a specific MBean's attribute. The general form of
+    the <code>get</code> command is:
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://webserver/manager/jmxproxy/?get=BEANNAME&amp;att=MYATTRIBUTE&amp;key=MYKEY
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    You must provide the following parameters:
+    <ol>
+      <li><code>get</code>: The full bean name</li>
+      <li><code>att</code>: The attribute you wish to fetch</li>
+      <li><code>key</code>: (optional) The key into a CompositeData MBean attribute</li>
+    </ol>
+
+    If all goes well, then it will say OK, otherwise an error message will
+    be shown. For example, let's say we wish to fetch the current heap memory
+    data:
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://webserver/manager/jmxproxy/?get=java.lang:type=Memory&amp;att=HeapMemoryUsage
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    Or, if you only want the "used" key:
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://webserver/manager/jmxproxy/
+ ?get=java.lang:type=Memory&amp;att=HeapMemoryUsage&amp;key=used
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMX Set command"><!--()--></a><a name="JMX_Set_command"><strong>JMX Set command</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    Now that you can query an MBean, its time to muck with Tomcat's internals!
+    The general form of the set command is :
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://webserver/manager/jmxproxy/?set=BEANNAME&amp;att=MYATTRIBUTE&amp;val=NEWVALUE
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    So you need to provide 3 request parameters:
+    <ol>
+      <li><code>set</code>: The full bean name</li>
+      <li><code>att</code>: The attribute you wish to alter</li>
+      <li><code>val</code>: The new value </li>
+    </ol>
+    If all goes ok, then it will say OK, otherwise an error message will be
+    shown. For example, lets say we wish to turn up debugging on the fly for the
+    <code>ErrorReportValve</code>. The following will set debugging to 10.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/jmxproxy/
+ ?set=Catalina%3Atype%3DValve%2Cname%3DErrorReportValve%2Chost%3Dlocalhost
+ &amp;att=debug&amp;val=10
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    and my result is (YMMV):
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Result: ok
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    Here is what I see if I pass in a bad value. Here is the URL I used,
+    I try set debugging equal to 'cow':
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/jmxproxy/
+ ?set=Catalina%3Atype%3DValve%2Cname%3DErrorReportValve%2Chost%3Dlocalhost
+ &amp;att=debug&amp;val=cow
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    When I try that, my result is
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Error: java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "cow"
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMX Invoke command"><!--()--></a><a name="JMX_Invoke_command"><strong>JMX Invoke command</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>The <code>invoke</code> command enables methods to be called on MBeans. The
+    general form of the command is:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://webserver/manager/jmxproxy/
+ ?invoke=BEANNAME&amp;op=METHODNAME&amp;ps=COMMASEPARATEDPARAMETERS
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>For example, to call the <code>findConnectors()</code> method of the
+    <strong>Service</strong> use:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+http://localhost:8080/manager/jmxproxy/
+ ?invoke=Catalina%3Atype%3DService&amp;op=findConnectors&amp;ps=
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/manager-howto.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
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+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/maven-jars.html b/webapps/docs/maven-jars.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5701051
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/maven-jars.html
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Apache Tomcat - Using Tomcat libraries with Maven</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
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+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tomcat - Using Tomcat libraries with Maven</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Using_Tomcat_libraries_With_Maven">Using Tomcat libraries With Maven</a><ol><li><a href="#Tomcat_Snapshots">Tomcat Snapshots</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat_Releases">Tomcat Releases</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using Tomcat libraries With Maven"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_Tomcat_libraries_With_Maven"><strong>Using Tomcat libraries With Maven</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat Snapshots"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_Snapshots"><strong>Tomcat Snapshots</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      Tomcat snapshots are located in the
+      <a href="http://people.apache.org/repo/m2-snapshot-repository/org/apache/tomcat/">Apache Snapshot Repository</a>.
+      The official URL is <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>http://people.apache.org/repo/m2-snapshot-repository/org/apache/tomcat/</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+      Snapshots are done periodically, not on a regular basis, but when changes happen and the Tomcat team deems a new snapshot might
+      useful.
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat Releases"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_Releases"><strong>Tomcat Releases</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      Stable releases are published to the
+      <a href="http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/">Central
+      Maven Repositories</a>. The URL for this is
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/maven-jars.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
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+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/mbeans-descriptor-howto.html b/webapps/docs/mbeans-descriptor-howto.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d565451
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/mbeans-descriptor-howto.html
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - MBean Descriptor How To</title><meta name="author" content="Amy Roh"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>MBean Descriptor How To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Adding_MBean_descriptions">Adding MBean descriptions</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Tomcat uses JMX MBeans as the technology for implementing
+manageability of Tomcat.</p>
+
+<p>The descriptions of JMX MBeans for Catalina are in the mbeans-descriptor.xml
+file in each package.</p>
+
+<p>You will need to add MBean descriptions for your custom components
+in order to avoid a "ManagedBean is not found" exception.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Adding MBean descriptions"><!--()--></a><a name="Adding_MBean_descriptions"><strong>Adding MBean descriptions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>You may also add MBean descriptions for custom components in
+a mbeans-descriptor.xml file, located in the same package as the class files
+it describes.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;mbean         name="LDAPRealm"
+            className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ClassNameMBean"
+          description="Custom LDAPRealm"
+               domain="Catalina"
+                group="Realm"
+                 type="com.myfirm.mypackage.LDAPRealm"&gt;
+
+    &lt;attribute   name="className"
+          description="Fully qualified class name of the managed object"
+                 type="java.lang.String"
+            writeable="false"/&gt;
+
+    &lt;attribute   name="debug"
+          description="The debugging detail level for this component"
+                 type="int"/&gt;
+    .
+    .
+    .
+
+  &lt;/mbean&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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+++ b/webapps/docs/monitoring.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1155 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Monitoring and Managing Tomcat</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
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+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
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+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
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+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Monitoring and Managing Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Enabling_JMX_Remote">Enabling JMX Remote</a></li><li><a href="#Manage_Tomcat_with_JMX_remote_Ant_Tasks">Manage Tomcat with JMX remote Ant Tasks</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorOpenTask_-_JMX_open_connection_task">JMXAccessorOpenTask - JMX open connection task</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorGetTask:__get_attribute_value_Ant_task">JMXAccessorGetTask:  get attribute value Ant task</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorSetTask:__set_attribute_value_Ant_task">JMXAccessorSetTask:  set attribute value Ant task</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorInvokeTask:__invoke_MBean_operation_Ant_task">JMXAccessorInvokeTask:  invoke MBean operation Ant task</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorQueryTask:__query_MBean_Ant_task">JMXAccessorQueryTask:  query MBean Ant task</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorCreateTask:__remote_create_MBean_Ant_task">JMXAccessorCreateTask:  remote create MBean Ant task</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorUnregisterTask:__remote_unregister_MBean_Ant_task">JMXAccessorUnregisterTask:  remote unregister MBean Ant task</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorCondition:__express_condition">JMXAccessorCondition:  express condition</a></li><li><a href="#JMXAccessorEqualsCondition:__equals_MBean_Ant_condition">JMXAccessorEqualsCondition:  equals MBean Ant condition</a></li><li><a href="#Using_the_JMXProxyServlet">Using the JMXProxyServlet</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Monitoring is a key aspect of system administration. Looking inside a
+     running server, obtaining some statistics or reconfiguring some aspects of
+     an application are all daily administration tasks.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Enabling JMX Remote"><!--()--></a><a name="Enabling_JMX_Remote"><strong>Enabling JMX Remote</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> This configuration is needed only if you are
+    going to monitor Tomcat remotely. It is not needed if you are going
+    to monitor it locally, using the same user that Tomcat runs with.</p>
+
+    <p>The Oracle website includes the list of options and how to configure
+    JMX Remote on Java 6:
+        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/management/agent.html">
+        http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/management/agent.html</a>.
+    </p>
+    <p>The following is a quick configuration guide for Java 6:</p>
+    <p>Add the following parameters to <code>setenv.bat</code> script of your
+    Tomcat (see <a href="RUNNING.txt">RUNNING.txt</a> for details).<br>
+    <em>Note:</em> This syntax is for Microsoft Windows. The command has
+    to be on the same line. It is wrapped to be more readable. If Tomcat is
+    running as a Windows service, use its configuration dialog to set
+    java options for the service.
+    For un*xes remove <code>"set "</code> from beginning of the line.
+    </p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+set CATALINA_OPTS=-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=%my.jmx.port%
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <ol>
+    <li>If you require authorization, add and change this:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=true
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.password.file=../conf/jmxremote.password
+  -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.access.file=../conf/jmxremote.access
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </li>
+    <li>edit the access authorization file <em>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.access</em>:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+monitorRole readonly
+controlRole readwrite
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </li>
+    <li>edit the password file <em>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jmxremote.password</em>:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+monitorRole tomcat
+controlRole tomcat
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <b>Tip</b>: The password file should be read-only and only accessible by the
+    operating system user Tomcat is running as.
+    </li>
+    </ol>
+    <p><strong>Note:</strong> The JSR 160 JMX-Adaptor opens a second data channel
+    on a random port. That is a problem when you have a local firewall installed.
+    To fix it, configure a <code>JmxRemoteLifecycleListener</code>, as described
+    in <a href="config/listeners.html">listeners</a> documentation.
+    </p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Manage Tomcat with JMX remote Ant Tasks"><!--()--></a><a name="Manage_Tomcat_with_JMX_remote_Ant_Tasks"><strong>Manage Tomcat with JMX remote Ant Tasks</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+   <p>To simplify JMX usage with Ant 1.6.x, a set of tasks is provided that may
+   be used with antlib.</p>
+   <p><b>antlib</b>: Copy your catalina-ant.jar from $CATALINA_HOME/lib to $ANT_HOME/lib.</p>
+   <p>The following example shows the JMX Accessor usage:<br>
+   <em>Note:</em> The <code>name</code> attribute value was wrapped here to be
+   more readable. It has to be all on the same line, without spaces.</p>
+   <table border="1">
+   <tr><td><pre>
+&lt;project name="Catalina Ant JMX"
+      xmlns:jmx="antlib:org.apache.catalina.ant.jmx"
+      default="state"
+      basedir="."&gt;
+  &lt;property name="jmx.server.name" value="localhost" /&gt;
+  &lt;property name="jmx.server.port" value="9012" /&gt;
+  &lt;property name="cluster.server.address" value="192.168.1.75" /&gt;
+  &lt;property name="cluster.server.port" value="9025" /&gt;
+
+  &lt;target name="state" description="Show JMX Cluster state"&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:open
+      host="${jmx.server.name}"
+      port="${jmx.server.port}"
+      username="controlRole"
+      password="tomcat"/&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:get
+      name=
+"Catalina:type=IDataSender,host=localhost,
+senderAddress=${cluster.server.address},senderPort=${cluster.server.port}"
+      attribute="connected"
+      resultproperty="IDataSender.backup.connected"
+      echo="false"
+    /&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:get
+      name="Catalina:type=ClusterSender,host=localhost"
+      attribute="senderObjectNames"
+      resultproperty="senderObjectNames"
+      echo="false"
+    /&gt;
+    &lt;!-- get current maxActiveSession from ClusterTest application
+       echo it to Ant output and store at
+       property &lt;em&gt;clustertest.maxActiveSessions.orginal&lt;/em&gt;
+    --&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:get
+      name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/ClusterTest,host=localhost"
+      attribute="maxActiveSessions"
+      resultproperty="clustertest.maxActiveSessions.orginal"
+      echo="true"
+    /&gt;
+    &lt;!-- set maxActiveSession to 100
+    --&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:set
+      name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/ClusterTest,host=localhost"
+      attribute="maxActiveSessions"
+      value="100"
+      type="int"
+    /&gt;
+    &lt;!-- get all sessions and split result as delimiter &lt;em&gt;SPACE&lt;/em&gt; for easy
+       access all session ids directly with Ant property sessions.[0..n].
+    --&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:invoke
+      name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/ClusterTest,host=localhost"
+      operation="listSessionIds"
+      resultproperty="sessions"
+      echo="false"
+      delimiter=" "
+    /&gt;
+    &lt;!-- Access session attribute &lt;em&gt;Hello&lt;/em&gt; from first session.
+    --&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:invoke
+      name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/ClusterTest,host=localhost"
+      operation="getSessionAttribute"
+      resultproperty="Hello"
+      echo="false"
+    &gt;
+      &lt;arg value="${sessions.0}"/&gt;
+      &lt;arg value="Hello"/&gt;
+    &lt;/jmx:invoke&gt;
+    &lt;!-- Query for all application manager.of the server from all hosts
+       and bind all attributes from all found manager MBeans.
+    --&gt;
+    &lt;jmx:query
+      name="Catalina:type=Manager,*"
+      resultproperty="manager"
+      echo="true"
+      attributebinding="true"
+    /&gt;
+    &lt;!-- echo the create properties --&gt;
+&lt;echo&gt;
+senderObjectNames: ${senderObjectNames.0}
+IDataSender.backup.connected: ${IDataSender.backup.connected}
+session: ${sessions.0}
+manager.length: ${manager.length}
+manager.0.name: ${manager.0.name}
+manager.1.name: ${manager.1.name}
+hello: ${Hello}
+manager.ClusterTest.0.name: ${manager.ClusterTest.0.name}
+manager.ClusterTest.0.activeSessions: ${manager.ClusterTest.0.activeSessions}
+manager.ClusterTest.0.counterSend_EVT_SESSION_EXPIRED:
+ ${manager.ClusterTest.0.counterSend_EVT_SESSION_EXPIRED}
+manager.ClusterTest.0.counterSend_EVT_GET_ALL_SESSIONS:
+ ${manager.ClusterTest.0.counterSend_EVT_GET_ALL_SESSIONS}
+&lt;/echo&gt;
+
+  &lt;/target&gt;
+
+&lt;/project&gt;
+</pre>
+   </td></tr>
+</table>
+   <p><b>import:</b> Import the JMX Accessor Project with
+   <em>&lt;import file="${CATALINA.HOME}/bin/catalina-tasks.xml" /&gt;</em> and
+   reference the tasks with <em>jmxOpen</em>, <em>jmxSet</em>, <em>jmxGet</em>,
+   <em>jmxQuery</em>, <em>jmxInvoke</em>, <em>jmxEquals</em> and <em>jmxCondition</em>.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorOpenTask - JMX open connection task"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorOpenTask_-_JMX_open_connection_task"><strong>JMXAccessorOpenTask - JMX open connection task</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>url</td>
+    <td>Set JMX connection URL - <em>service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:8050/jmxrmi</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>host</td>
+    <td>Set the host, shortcut the very long URL syntax.
+    </td>
+    <td><code>localhost</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>port</td>
+    <td>Set the remote connection port
+    </td>
+    <td><code>8050</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>username</td>
+    <td>remote JMX connection user name.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>password</td>
+    <td>remote JMX connection password.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>Name of the internal connection reference. With this attribute you can
+        configure more the one connection inside the same Ant project.
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo the command usage (for access analysis or debugging)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>if</td>
+    <td>Only execute if a property of the given name <b>exists</b> in the current project.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>unless</td>
+    <td>Only execute if a property of the given name <b>not exists</b> in the current project.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to open a new JMX connection<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:open
+    host="${jmx.server.name}"
+    port="${jmx.server.port}"
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to open a JMX connection from URL, with authorization and
+store at other reference <br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:open
+    url="service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:9024/jmxrmi"
+    ref="jmx.server.9024"
+    username="controlRole"
+    password="tomcat"
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Example to open a JMX connection from URL, with authorization and
+store at other reference, but only when property <em>jmx.if</em> exists and
+<em>jmx.unless</em> not exists<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:open
+    url="service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:9024/jmxrmi"
+    ref="jmx.server.9024"
+    username="controlRole"
+    password="tomcat"
+    if="jmx.if"
+    unless="jmx.unless"
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p><b>Note</b>: All properties from <em>jmxOpen</em> task also exists at all
+other tasks and conditions.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorGetTask:  get attribute value Ant task"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorGetTask:__get_attribute_value_Ant_task"><strong>JMXAccessorGetTask:  get attribute value Ant task</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>Full qualified JMX ObjectName -- <em>Catalina:type=Server</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>attribute</td>
+    <td>Existing MBean attribute (see Tomcat MBean description above)
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>JMX Connection reference
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo command usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>resultproperty</td>
+    <td>Save result at this project property
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>delimiter</td>
+    <td>Split result with delimiter (java.util.StringTokenizier)
+        and use resultproperty as prefix to store tokens.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>separatearrayresults</td>
+    <td>When return value is an array, save result as property list
+    (<em>$resultproperty.[0..N]</em> and <em>$resultproperty.length</em>)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>true</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to get remote MBean attribute from default JMX connection <br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:get
+    name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/servlets-examples,host=localhost"
+    attribute="maxActiveSessions"
+    resultproperty="servlets-examples.maxActiveSessions"
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to get and result array and split it at separate properties<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:get
+      name="Catalina:type=ClusterSender,host=localhost"
+      attribute="senderObjectNames"
+      resultproperty="senderObjectNames"
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Access the senderObjectNames properties with:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  ${senderObjectNames.length} give the number of returned sender list.
+  ${senderObjectNames.[0..N]} found all sender object names
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Example to get IDataSender attribute connected only when cluster is configured.<br>
+<em>Note:</em> The <code>name</code> attribute value was wrapped here to be
+more readable. It has to be all on the same line, without spaces.
+</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:query
+    failonerror="false"
+    name="Catalina:type=Cluster,host=${tomcat.application.host}"
+    resultproperty="cluster"
+  /&gt;
+  &lt;jmx:get
+    name=
+"Catalina:type=IDataSender,host=${tomcat.application.host},
+senderAddress=${cluster.backup.address},senderPort=${cluster.backup.port}"
+    attribute="connected"
+    resultproperty="datasender.connected"
+    if="cluster.0.name" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorSetTask:  set attribute value Ant task"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorSetTask:__set_attribute_value_Ant_task"><strong>JMXAccessorSetTask:  set attribute value Ant task</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>Full qualified JMX ObjectName -- <em>Catalina:type=Server</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>attribute</td>
+    <td>Existing MBean attribute (see Tomcat MBean description above)
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>value</td>
+    <td>value that set to attribute
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>type</td>
+    <td>type of the attribute.
+    </td>
+    <td>java.lang.String</td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>JMX Connection reference
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo command usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to set remote MBean attribute value<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:set
+    name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/servlets-examples,host=localhost"
+    attribute="maxActiveSessions"
+    value="500"
+    type="int"
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorInvokeTask:  invoke MBean operation Ant task"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorInvokeTask:__invoke_MBean_operation_Ant_task"><strong>JMXAccessorInvokeTask:  invoke MBean operation Ant task</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>Full qualified JMX ObjectName -- <em>Catalina:type=Server</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>operation</td>
+    <td>Existing MBean operation (see Tomcat
+        <a href="funcspecs/fs-admin-opers.html">funcspecs/fs-admin-opers.html</a>).
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>JMX Connection reference
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo command usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>resultproperty</td>
+    <td>Save result at this project property
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>delimiter</td>
+    <td>Split result with delimiter (java.util.StringTokenizier)
+        and use resultproperty as prefix to store tokens.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>separatearrayresults</td>
+    <td>When return value is an array, save result as property list
+    (<em>$resultproperty.[0..N]</em> and <em>$resultproperty.length</em>)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>true</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+stop an application <br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:invoke
+    name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/servlets-examples,host=localhost"
+    operation="stop"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Now you can find the sessionid at <em>${sessions.[0..N}</em> properties and access the count
+with ${sessions.length} property.
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to get all sessionids <br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:invoke
+    name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/servlets-examples,host=localhost"
+    operation="listSessionIds"
+    resultproperty="sessions"
+    delimiter=" "
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Now you can find the sessionid at <em>${sessions.[0..N}</em> properties and access the count
+with ${sessions.length} property.
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to get remote MBean session attribute from session ${sessionid.0}<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:invoke
+    name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/ClusterTest,host=localhost"
+    operation="getSessionAttribute"
+    resultproperty="hello"&gt;
+     &lt;arg value="${sessionid.0}"/&gt;
+     &lt;arg value="Hello" /&gt;
+  &lt;/jmx:invoke&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to create a new access logger valve at vhost <em>localhost</em>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+ &lt;jmx:invoke
+         name="Catalina:type=MBeanFactory"
+         operation="createAccessLoggerValve"
+         resultproperty="accessLoggerObjectName"
+ &gt;
+     &lt;arg value="Catalina:type=Host,host=localhost"/&gt;
+ &lt;/jmx:invoke&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Now you can find new MBean with name stored at <em>${accessLoggerObjectName}</em>
+property.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorQueryTask:  query MBean Ant task"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorQueryTask:__query_MBean_Ant_task"><strong>JMXAccessorQueryTask:  query MBean Ant task</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>JMX  ObjectName query string -- <em>Catalina:type=Manager,*</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>JMX Connection reference
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo command usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>resultproperty</td>
+    <td>Prefix project property name to all founded MBeans (<em>mbeans.[0..N].objectname</em>)
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>attributebinduing</td>
+    <td>bind ALL MBean attributes in addition to <em>name</em>
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>delimiter</td>
+    <td>Split result with delimiter (java.util.StringTokenizier)
+        and use resultproperty as prefix to store tokens.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>separatearrayresults</td>
+    <td>When return value is an array, save result as property list
+    (<em>$resultproperty.[0..N]</em> and <em>$resultproperty.length</em>)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>true</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Get all Manager ObjectNames from all services and Hosts <br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:query
+    name="Catalina:type=Manager,*
+    resultproperty="manager" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Now you can find the Session Manager at <em>${manager.[0..N].name}</em>
+properties and access the result object counter with ${manager.length} property.
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to get the Manager from <em>servlet-examples</em> application an bind all MBean properties<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:query
+    name="Catalina:type=Manager,context=/servlet-examples,host=localhost*"
+    attributebinding="true"
+    resultproperty="manager.servletExamples" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Now you can find the manager at <em>${manager.servletExamples.0.name}</em> property
+and can access all properties from this manager with <em>${manager.servletExamples.0.[manager attribute names]</em>}.
+The result object counter from MBeans is stored ad ${manager.length} property.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Example to get all MBeans from a server and store inside an external XML property file<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;project name="jmx.query"
+            xmlns:jmx="antlib:org.apache.catalina.ant.jmx"
+            default="query-all" basedir="."&gt;
+&lt;property name="jmx.host" value="localhost"/&gt;
+&lt;property name="jmx.port" value="8050"/&gt;
+&lt;property name="jmx.username" value="controlRole"/&gt;
+&lt;property name="jmx.password" value="tomcat"/&gt;
+
+&lt;target name="query-all" description="Query all MBeans of a server"&gt;
+  &lt;!-- Configure connection --&gt;
+  &lt;jmx:open
+    host="${jmx.host}"
+    port="${jmx.port}"
+    ref="jmx.server"
+    username="${jmx.username}"
+    password="${jmx.password}"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;!-- Query MBean list --&gt;
+  &lt;jmx:query
+    name="*:*"
+    resultproperty="mbeans"
+    attributebinding="false"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;echoproperties
+    destfile="mbeans.properties"
+    prefix="mbeans."
+    format="xml"/&gt;
+
+  &lt;!-- Print results --&gt;
+  &lt;echo message=
+    "Number of MBeans in server ${jmx.host}:${jmx.port} is ${mbeans.length}"/&gt;
+&lt;/target&gt;
+&lt;/project&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Now you can find all MBeans inside the file <em>mbeans.properties</em>.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorCreateTask:  remote create MBean Ant task"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorCreateTask:__remote_create_MBean_Ant_task"><strong>JMXAccessorCreateTask:  remote create MBean Ant task</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>Full qualified JMX ObjectName -- <em>Catalina:type=MBeanFactory</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>className</td>
+    <td>Existing MBean full qualified class name (see Tomcat MBean description above)
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>classLoader</td>
+    <td>ObjectName of server or web application classloader <br>
+    ( <em>Catalina:type=ServerClassLoader,name=[server,common,shared]</em> or<br>
+     <em>Catalina:type=WebappClassLoader,context=/myapps,host=localhost</em>)
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>JMX Connection reference
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo command usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to create remote MBean<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:create
+    ref="${jmx.reference}"
+    name="Catalina:type=MBeanFactory"
+    className="org.apache.commons.modeler.BaseModelMBean"
+    classLoader="Catalina:type=ServerClassLoader,name=server"&gt;
+    &lt;arg value="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory" /&gt;
+  &lt;/jmx:create&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+    <b>Warning</b>: Many Tomcat MBeans can't be linked to their parent once<br>
+    created. The Valve, Cluster and Realm MBeans are not automatically<br>
+    connected with their parent. Use the <em>MBeanFacrory</em> create<br>
+    operation instead.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorUnregisterTask:  remote unregister MBean Ant task"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorUnregisterTask:__remote_unregister_MBean_Ant_task"><strong>JMXAccessorUnregisterTask:  remote unregister MBean Ant task</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>Full qualified JMX ObjectName -- <em>Catalina:type=MBeanFactory</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>JMX Connection reference
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo command usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Example to unregister remote MBean<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+  &lt;jmx:unregister
+    name="Catalina:type=MBeanFactory"
+  /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+    <b>Warning</b>: A lot of Tomcat MBeans can't be unregister.<br>
+    The MBeans are not unlinked from their parent. Use <em>MBeanFacrory</em><br>
+    remove operation instead.
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorCondition:  express condition"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorCondition:__express_condition"><strong>JMXAccessorCondition:  express condition</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+    <td>url</td>
+    <td>Set JMX connection URL - <em>service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:8050/jmxrmi</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>host</td>
+    <td>Set the host, shortcut the very long URL syntax.
+    </td>
+    <td><code>localhost</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>port</td>
+    <td>Set the remote connection port
+    </td>
+    <td><code>8050</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>username</td>
+    <td>remote JMX connection user name.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>password</td>
+    <td>remote JMX connection password.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>Name of the internal connection reference. With this attribute you can
+        configure more the one connection inside the same Ant project.
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>Full qualified JMX ObjectName -- <em>Catalina:type=Server</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo condition usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>if</td>
+    <td>Only execute if a property of the given name <b>exists</b> in the current project.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>unless</td>
+    <td>Only execute if a property of the given name <b>not exists</b> in the current project.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>value (requiered)</td>
+    <td>Second arg for operation
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>type</td>
+    <td>Value type to express operation (support <em>long</em> and <em>double</em>)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>long</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>operation</td>
+    <td> express one
+    <ul>
+    <li>==  equals</li>
+    <li>!=  not equals</li>
+    <li>&gt; greater than (&amp;gt;)</li>
+    <li>&gt;= greater than or equals (&amp;gt;=)</li>
+    <li>&lt; lesser than (&amp;lt;)</li>
+    <li>&lt;= lesser than or equals (&amp;lt;=)</li>
+    </ul>
+    </td>
+    <td><code>==</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Wait for server connection and that cluster backup node is accessable<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;target name="wait"&gt;
+  &lt;waitfor maxwait="${maxwait}" maxwaitunit="second" timeoutproperty="server.timeout" &gt;
+    &lt;and&gt;
+      &lt;socket server="${server.name}" port="${server.port}"/&gt;
+      &lt;http url="${url}"/&gt;
+      &lt;jmx:condition
+        operation="=="
+        host="localhost"
+        port="9014"
+        username="controlRole"
+        password="tomcat"
+        name=
+"Catalina:type=IDataSender,host=localhost,senderAddress=192.168.111.1,senderPort=9025"
+        attribute="connected"
+        value="true"
+      /&gt;
+    &lt;/and&gt;
+  &lt;/waitfor&gt;
+  &lt;fail if="server.timeout" message="Server ${url} don't answer inside ${maxwait} sec" /&gt;
+  &lt;echo message="Server ${url} alive" /&gt;
+&lt;/target&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JMXAccessorEqualsCondition:  equals MBean Ant condition"><!--()--></a><a name="JMXAccessorEqualsCondition:__equals_MBean_Ant_condition"><strong>JMXAccessorEqualsCondition:  equals MBean Ant condition</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+List of Attributes<br>
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
+
+  <tr>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Attribute</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Description</th>
+    <th align="center" bgcolor="aqua">Default value</th>
+  </tr>
+
+ <tr>
+    <td>url</td>
+    <td>Set JMX connection URL - <em>service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:8050/jmxrmi</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>host</td>
+    <td>Set the host, shortcut the very long URL syntax.
+    </td>
+    <td><code>localhost</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>port</td>
+    <td>Set the remote connection port
+    </td>
+    <td><code>8050</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>username</td>
+    <td>remote JMX connection user name.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>password</td>
+    <td>remote JMX connection password.
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>ref</td>
+    <td>Name of the internal connection reference. With this attribute you can
+        configure more the one connection inside the same Ant project.
+    </td>
+    <td><code>jmx.server</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>name</td>
+    <td>Full qualified JMX ObjectName -- <em>Catalina:type=Server</em>
+    </td>
+    <td></td>
+  </tr>
+
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>echo</td>
+    <td>Echo condition usage (access and result)
+    </td>
+    <td><code>false</code></td>
+  </tr>
+
+</table>
+</p>
+<p>
+Wait for server connection and that cluster backup node is accessible<br>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;target name="wait"&gt;
+  &lt;waitfor maxwait="${maxwait}" maxwaitunit="second" timeoutproperty="server.timeout" &gt;
+    &lt;and&gt;
+      &lt;socket server="${server.name}" port="${server.port}"/&gt;
+      &lt;http url="${url}"/&gt;
+      &lt;jmx:equals
+        host="localhost"
+        port="9014"
+        username="controlRole"
+        password="tomcat"
+        name=
+"Catalina:type=IDataSender,host=localhost,senderAddress=192.168.111.1,senderPort=9025"
+        attribute="connected"
+        value="true"
+      /&gt;
+    &lt;/and&gt;
+  &lt;/waitfor&gt;
+  &lt;fail if="server.timeout" message="Server ${url} don't answer inside ${maxwait} sec" /&gt;
+  &lt;echo message="Server ${url} alive" /&gt;
+&lt;/target&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using the JMXProxyServlet"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_the_JMXProxyServlet"><strong>Using the JMXProxyServlet</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      Tomcat offers an alternative to using remote (or even local) JMX
+      connections while still giving you access to everything JMX has to offer:
+      Tomcat's
+      <a href="api/org/apache/catalina/manager/JMXProxyServlet.html">JMXProxyServlet</a>.
+    </p>
+    
+    <p>
+      The JMXProxyServlet allows a client to issue JMX queries via an HTTP
+      interface. This technique offers the following advantages over using
+      JMX directly from a client program:
+    </p>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li>You don't have to launch a full JVM and make a remote JMX connection
+      just to ask for one small piece of data from a runing server</li>
+      <li>You don't have to know how to work with JMX connections</li>
+      <li>You don't need any of the complex configuration covered in the rest
+      of this page</li>
+      <li>Your client program does not have to be written in Java</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <p>
+      A perfect example of JMX overkill can be seen in the case of popular
+      server-monitoring software such as Nagios or Ichinga: if you want to
+      monitor 10 items via JMX, you will have to launch 10 JVMs, make 10 JMX
+      connections, and then shut them all down every few minutes. With the
+      JMXProxyServlet, you can make 10 HTTP connections and be done with it.
+    </p>
+    
+    <p>
+      You can find out more information about the JMXProxyServlet in the
+      documentation for the 
+      <a href="manager-howto.html#Using_the_JMX_Proxy_Servlet">Tomcat
+      manager</a>.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Proxy Support HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Proxy Support HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Apache_1.3_Proxy_Support">Apache 1.3 Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="#Apache_2.0_Proxy_Support">Apache 2.0 Proxy Support</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Using standard configurations of Tomcat, web applications can ask for
+the server name and port number to which the request was directed for
+processing.  When Tomcat is running standalone with the
+<a href="config/coyote.html">Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector</a>, it will generally
+report the server name specified in the request, and the port number on
+which the <strong>Connector</strong> is listening.  The servlet API
+calls of interest, for this purpose, are:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>ServletRequest.getServerName()</code>: Returns the host name of the server to which the request was sent.</li>
+<li><code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>: Returns the host name of the server to which the request was sent.</li>
+<li><code>ServletRequest.getLocalName()</code>: Returns the host name of the Internet Protocol (IP) interface on which the request was received.</li>
+<li><code>ServletRequest.getLocalPort()</code>:  Returns the Internet Protocol (IP) port number of the interface on which the request was received.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>When you are running behind a proxy server (or a web server that is
+configured to behave like a proxy server), you will sometimes prefer to
+manage the values returned by these calls.  In particular, you will
+generally want the port number to reflect that specified in the original
+request, not the one on which the <strong>Connector</strong> itself is
+listening.  You can use the <code>proxyName</code> and <code>proxyPort</code>
+attributes on the <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> element to configure
+these values.</p>
+
+<p>Proxy support can take many forms.  The following sections describe
+proxy configurations for several common cases.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Apache 1.3 Proxy Support"><!--()--></a><a name="Apache_1.3_Proxy_Support"><strong>Apache 1.3 Proxy Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Apache 1.3 supports an optional module (<code>mod_proxy</code>) that
+configures the web server to act as a proxy server.  This can be used to
+forward requests for a particular web application to a Tomcat instance,
+without having to configure a web connector such as <code>mod_jk</code>.
+To accomplish this, you need to perform the following tasks:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Configure your copy of Apache so that it includes the
+    <code>mod_proxy</code> module.  If you are building from source,
+    the easiest way to do this is to include the
+    <code>--enable-module=proxy</code> directive on the
+    <code>./configure</code> command line.</li>
+<li>If not already added for you, make sure that you are loading the
+    <code>mod_proxy</code> module at Apache startup time, by using the
+    following directives in your <code>httpd.conf</code> file:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+LoadModule proxy_module  {path-to-modules}/mod_proxy.so
+AddModule  mod_proxy.c
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div></li>
+<li>Include two directives in your <code>httpd.conf</code> file for
+    each web application that you wish to forward to Tomcat.  For
+    example, to forward an application at context path <code>/myapp</code>:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+ProxyPass         /myapp  http://localhost:8081/myapp
+ProxyPassReverse  /myapp  http://localhost:8081/myapp
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    which tells Apache to forward URLs of the form
+    <code>http://localhost/myapp/*</code> to the Tomcat connector
+    listening on port 8081.</li>
+<li>Configure your copy of Tomcat to include a special
+    <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> element, with appropriate
+    proxy settings, for example:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Connector port="8081" ...
+              proxyName="www.mycompany.com"
+              proxyPort="80"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    which will cause servlets inside this web application to think that
+    all proxied requests were directed to <code>www.mycompany.com</code>
+    on port 80.</li>
+<li>It is legal to omit the <code>proxyName</code> attribute from the
+    <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> element.  If you do so, the value
+    returned by <code>request.getServerName()</code> will by the host
+    name on which Tomcat is running.  In the example above, it would be
+    <code>localhost</code>.</li>
+<li>If you also have a <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> listening on port
+    8080 (nested within the same <a href="config/service.html">Service</a>
+    element), the requests to either port will share the same set of
+    virtual hosts and web applications.</li>
+<li>You might wish to use the IP filtering features of your operating
+    system to restrict connections to port 8081 (in this example) to
+    be allowed <strong>only</strong> from the server that is running
+    Apache.</li>
+<li>Alternatively, you can set up a series of web applications that are
+    only available via proxying, as follows:
+    <ul>
+    <li>Configure another <code>&lt;Service&gt;</code> that contains
+        only a <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> for the proxy port.</li>
+    <li>Configure appropriate <a href="config/engine.html">Engine</a>,
+        <a href="config/host.html">Host</a>, and
+        <a href="config/context.html">Context</a> elements for the virtual hosts
+        and web applications accessible via proxying.</li>
+    <li>Optionally, protect port 8081 with IP filters as described
+        earlier.</li>
+    </ul></li>
+<li>When requests are proxied by Apache, the web server will be recording
+    these requests in its access log.  Therefore, you will generally want to
+    disable any access logging performed by Tomcat itself.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<p>When requests are proxied in this manner, <strong>all</strong> requests
+for the configured web applications will be processed by Tomcat (including
+requests for static content).  You can improve performance by using the
+<code>mod_jk</code> web connector instead of <code>mod_proxy</code>.
+<code>mod_jk</code> can be configured so that the web server serves static
+content that is not processed by filters or security constraints defined
+within the web application's deployment descriptor
+(<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>).</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Apache 2.0 Proxy Support"><!--()--></a><a name="Apache_2.0_Proxy_Support"><strong>Apache 2.0 Proxy Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+The same instructions hold true as for 1.3. (Except in Apache 2.0,
+you may omit <code>AddModule  mod_proxy.c</code>)
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Realm Configuration HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><meta name="author" content="Andrew R. Jaquith"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Realm Configuration HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Quick_Start">Quick Start</a></li><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a><ol><li><a href="#What_is_a_Realm?">What is a Realm?</a></li><li><a href="#Configuring_a_Realm">Configuring a Realm</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Common_Features">Common Features</a><ol><li><a href="#Digested_Passwords">Digested Passwords</a></li><li><a href="#Example_Application">Example Application</a></li><li><a href="#Manager_Application">Manager Application</a></li><li><a href="#Realm_Logging">Realm Logging</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Standard_Realm_Implementations">Standard Realm Implementations</a><ol><li><a href="#JDBCRealm">JDBCRealm</a></li><li><a href="#DataSourceRealm">DataSourceRealm</a></li><li><a href="#JNDIRealm">JNDIRealm</a></li><li><a href="#UserDatabaseRealm">UserDatabaseRealm</a></li><li><a href="#MemoryRealm">MemoryRealm</a></li><li><a href="#JAASRealm">JAASRealm</a></li><li><a href="#CombinedRealm">CombinedRealm</a></li><li><a href="#LockOutRealm">LockOutRealm</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Quick Start"><!--()--></a><a name="Quick_Start"><strong>Quick Start</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>This document describes how to configure Tomcat to support <em>container
+managed security</em>, by connecting to an existing "database" of usernames,
+passwords, and user roles.  You only need to care about this if you are using
+a web application that includes one or more
+<code>&lt;security-constraint&gt;</code> elements, and a
+<code>&lt;login-config&gt;</code> element defining how users are required
+to authenticate themselves.  If you are not utilizing these features, you can
+safely skip this document.</p>
+
+<p>For fundamental background information about container managed security,
+see the <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet
+Specification (Version 2.4)</a>, Section 12.</p>
+
+<p>For information about utilizing the <em>Single Sign On</em> feature of
+Tomcat (allowing a user to authenticate themselves once across the entire
+set of web applications associated with a virtual host), see
+<a href="config/host.html#Single Sign On">here</a>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="What is a Realm?"><!--()--></a><a name="What_is_a_Realm?"><strong>What is a Realm?</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>A <strong>Realm</strong> is a "database" of usernames and passwords that
+identify valid users of a web application (or set of web applications), plus
+an enumeration of the list of <em>roles</em> associated with each valid user.
+You can think of roles as similar to <em>groups</em> in Unix-like operating
+systems, because access to specific web application resources is granted to
+all users possessing a particular role (rather than enumerating the list of
+associated usernames).  A particular user can have any number of roles
+associated with their username.</p>
+
+<p>Although the Servlet Specification describes a portable mechanism for
+applications to <em>declare</em> their security requirements (in the
+<code>web.xml</code> deployment descriptor), there is no portable API
+defining the interface between a servlet container and the associated user
+and role information.  In many cases, however, it is desirable to "connect"
+a servlet container to some existing authentication database or mechanism
+that already exists in the production environment.  Therefore, Tomcat
+defines a Java interface (<code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code>) that
+can be implemented by "plug in" components to establish this connection.
+Five standard plug-ins are provided, supporting connections to various
+sources of authentication information:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#JDBCRealm">JDBCRealm</a> - Accesses authentication information
+    stored in a relational database, accessed via a JDBC driver.</li>
+<li><a href="#DataSourceRealm">DataSourceRealm</a> - Accesses authentication
+    information stored in a relational database, accessed via a named JNDI
+    JDBC DataSource.</li>
+<li><a href="#JNDIRealm">JNDIRealm</a> - Accesses authentication information
+    stored in an LDAP based directory server, accessed via a JNDI provider.
+    </li>
+<li><a href="#UserDatabaseRealm">UserDatabaseRealm</a> - Accesses authentication
+    information stored in an UserDatabase JNDI resource, which is typically
+    backed by an XML document (<code>conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>).</li>
+<li><a href="#MemoryRealm">MemoryRealm</a> - Accesses authentication
+    information stored in an in-memory object collection, which is initialized
+    from an XML document (<code>conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>).</li>
+<li><a href="#JAASRealm">JAASRealm</a> - Accesses authentication information
+    through the Java Authentication &amp; Authorization Service (JAAS)
+    framework.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>It is also possible to write your own <code>Realm</code> implementation,
+and integrate it with Tomcat.  To do so, you need to:
+<ul>
+  <li>Implement <code>org.apache.catalina.Realm</code>,</li>
+  <li>Place your compiled realm in $CATALINA_HOME/lib,</li>
+  <li>Declare your realm as described in the "Configuring a Realm" section below,</li>
+  <li>Declare your realm to the <a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">MBeans Descriptor</a>.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuring a Realm"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuring_a_Realm"><strong>Configuring a Realm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Before getting into the details of the standard Realm implementations, it is
+important to understand, in general terms, how a Realm is configured.  In
+general, you will be adding an XML element to your <code>conf/server.xml</code>
+configuration file, that looks something like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm className="... class name for this implementation"
+       ... other attributes for this implementation .../&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>The <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element can be nested inside any one of
+of the following <code>Container</code> elements.  The location of the
+Realm element has a direct impact on the "scope" of that Realm
+(i.e. which web applications will share the same authentication information):
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li><em>Inside an &lt;Engine&gt; element</em> - This Realm will be shared
+    across ALL web applications on ALL virtual hosts, UNLESS it is overridden
+    by a Realm element nested inside a subordinate <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code>
+    or <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> element.</li>
+<li><em>Inside a &lt;Host&gt; element</em> - This Realm will be shared across
+    ALL web applications for THIS virtual host, UNLESS it is overridden
+    by a Realm element nested inside a subordinate <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code>
+    element.</li>
+<li><em>Inside a &lt;Context&gt; element</em> - This Realm will be used ONLY
+    for THIS web application.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Common Features"><!--()--></a><a name="Common_Features"><strong>Common Features</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Digested Passwords"><!--()--></a><a name="Digested_Passwords"><strong>Digested Passwords</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>For each of the standard <code>Realm</code> implementations, the
+user's password (by default) is stored in clear text.  In many
+environments, this is undesirable because casual observers of the
+authentication data can collect enough information to log on
+successfully, and impersonate other users.  To avoid this problem, the
+standard implementations support the concept of <em>digesting</em>
+user passwords.  This allows the stored version of the passwords to be
+encoded (in a form that is not easily reversible), but that the
+<code>Realm</code> implementation can still utilize for
+authentication.</p>
+
+<p>When a standard realm authenticates by retrieving the stored
+password and comparing it with the value presented by the user, you
+can select digested passwords by specifying the <code>digest</code>
+attribute on your <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element.  The value for
+this attribute must be one of the digest algorithms supported by the
+<code>java.security.MessageDigest</code> class (SHA, MD2, or MD5).
+When you select this option, the contents of the password that is
+stored in the <code>Realm</code> must be the cleartext version of the
+password, as digested by the specified algorithm.</p>
+
+<p>When the <code>authenticate()</code> method of the Realm is called, the
+(cleartext) password specified by the user is itself digested by the same
+algorithm, and the result is compared with the value returned by the
+<code>Realm</code>.  An equal match implies that the cleartext version of the
+original password is the same as the one presented by the user, so that this
+user should be authorized.</p>
+
+<p>To calculate the digested value of a cleartext password, two convenience
+techniques are supported:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>If you are writing an application that needs to calculate digested
+    passwords dynamically, call the static <code>Digest()</code> method of the
+    <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase</code> class, passing the
+    cleartext password and the digest algorithm name as arguments.  This
+    method will return the digested password.</li>
+<li>If you want to execute a command line utility to calculate the digested
+    password, simply execute
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>CATALINA_HOME/bin/digest.[bat|sh] -a {algorithm} {cleartext-password}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    and the digested version of this cleartext password will be returned to
+    standard output.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>If using digested passwords with DIGEST authentication, the cleartext used
+   to generate the digest is different and the digest must use the MD5
+   algorithm. In the examples above <code>{cleartext-password}</code> must be
+   replaced with <code>{username}:{realm}:{cleartext-password}</code>. For
+   example, in a development environment this might take the form
+   <code>testUser:Authentication required:testPassword</code>. The value for
+   <code>{realm}</code> is taken from the <code>&lt;realm-name&gt;</code>
+   element of the web application's <code>&lt;login-config&gt;</code>. If
+   not specified in web.xml, the default value of <code>Authentication
+   required</code> is used.</p>
+
+<p>Non-ASCII usernames and/or passwords are supported using
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>CATALINA_HOME/bin/digest.[bat|sh] -a {algorithm} -e {encoding} {input}
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+but care is required to ensure that the non-ASCII input is
+correctly passed to the digester.
+The digester returns <code>{input}:{digest}</code>. If the input appears
+corrupted in the return, the digest will be invalid.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Example Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Example_Application"><strong>Example Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The example application shipped with Tomcat includes an area that is
+protected by a security constraint, utilizing form-based login.  To access it,
+point your browser at
+<a href="http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/security/protected/">http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/security/protected/</a>
+and log on with one of the usernames and passwords described for the default
+<a href="#UserDatabaseRealm">UserDatabaseRealm</a>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Manager Application"><!--()--></a><a name="Manager_Application"><strong>Manager Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>If you wish to use the <a href="manager-howto.html">Manager Application</a>
+to deploy and undeploy applications in a running Tomcat installation, you
+MUST add the "manager-gui" role to at least one username in your selected
+Realm implementation.  This is because the manager web application itself uses a
+security constraint that requires role "manager-gui" to access ANY request URI
+within the HTML interface of that application.</p>
+
+<p>For security reasons, no username in the default Realm (i.e. using
+<code>conf/tomcat-users.xml</code> is assigned the "manager-gui" role.
+Therefore, no one will be able to utilize the features of this application
+until the Tomcat administrator specifically assigns this role to one or more
+users.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Realm Logging"><!--()--></a><a name="Realm_Logging"><strong>Realm Logging</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Debugging and exception messages logged by a <code>Realm</code> will
+   be recorded by the logging configuration associated with the container
+   for the realm: its surrounding <a href="config/context.html">Context</a>,
+   <a href="config/host.html">Host</a>, or
+   <a href="config/engine.html">Engine</a>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Realm Implementations"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Realm_Implementations"><strong>Standard Realm Implementations</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JDBCRealm"><strong>JDBCRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+<p><strong>JDBCRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+<code>Realm</code> interface that looks up users in a relational database
+accessed via a JDBC driver.  There is substantial configuration flexibility
+that lets you adapt to existing table and column names, as long as your
+database structure conforms to the following requirements:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>There must be a table, referenced below as the <em>users</em> table,
+    that contains one row for every valid user that this <code>Realm</code>
+    should recognize.</li>
+<li>The <em>users</em> table must contain at least two columns (it may
+    contain more if your existing applications required it):
+    <ul>
+    <li>Username to be recognized by Tomcat when the user logs in.</li>
+    <li>Password to be recognized by Tomcat when the user logs in.
+        This value may in cleartext or digested - see below for more
+        information.</li>
+    </ul></li>
+<li>There must be a table, referenced below as the <em>user roles</em> table,
+    that contains one row for every valid role that is assigned to a
+    particular user.  It is legal for a user to have zero, one, or more than
+    one valid role.</li>
+<li>The <em>user roles</em> table must contain at least two columns (it may
+    contain more if your existing applications required it):
+    <ul>
+    <li>Username to be recognized by Tomcat (same value as is specified
+        in the <em>users</em> table).</li>
+    <li>Role name of a valid role associated with this user.</li>
+    </ul></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3>Quick Start</h3>
+
+<p>To set up Tomcat to use JDBCRealm, you will need to follow these steps:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>If you have not yet done so, create tables and columns in your database
+    that conform to the requirements described above.</li>
+<li>Configure a database username and password for use by Tomcat, that has
+    at least read only access to the tables described above.  (Tomcat will
+    never attempt to write to these tables.)</li>
+<li>Place a copy of the JDBC driver you will be using inside the
+    <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib</code> directory.
+    Note that <strong>only</strong> JAR files are recognized!</li>
+<li>Set up a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element, as described below, in your
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file.</li>
+<li>Restart Tomcat if it is already running.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+
+<p>To configure JDBCRealm, you will create a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code>
+element and nest it in your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file,
+as described <a href="#Configuring a Realm">above</a>. The attributes for the
+JDBCRealm are defined in the <a href="config/realm.html">Realm</a> configuration
+documentation.</p>
+
+<h3>Example</h3>
+
+<p>An example SQL script to create the needed tables might look something
+like this (adapt the syntax as required for your particular database):</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+create table users (
+  user_name         varchar(15) not null primary key,
+  user_pass         varchar(15) not null
+);
+
+create table user_roles (
+  user_name         varchar(15) not null,
+  role_name         varchar(15) not null,
+  primary key (user_name, role_name)
+);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Example <code>Realm</code> elements are included (commented out) in the
+default <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file.  Here's an example
+for using a MySQL database called "authority", configured with the tables
+described above, and accessed with username "dbuser" and password "dbpass":</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm"
+      driverName="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"
+   connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost/authority?user=dbuser&amp;amp;password=dbpass"
+       userTable="users" userNameCol="user_name" userCredCol="user_pass"
+   userRoleTable="user_roles" roleNameCol="role_name"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>Additional Notes</h3>
+
+<p>JDBCRealm operates according to the following rules:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>When a user attempts to access a protected resource for the first time,
+    Tomcat will call the <code>authenticate()</code> method of this
+    <code>Realm</code>.  Thus, any changes you have made to the database
+    directly (new users, changed passwords or roles, etc.) will be immediately
+    reflected.</li>
+<li>Once a user has been authenticated, the user (and his or her associated
+    roles) are cached within Tomcat for the duration of the user's login.
+    (For FORM-based authentication, that means until the session times out or
+    is invalidated; for BASIC authentication, that means until the user
+    closes their browser).  The cached user is <strong>not</strong> saved and
+    restored across sessions serialisations. Any changes to the database
+    information for an already authenticated user will <strong>not</strong> be
+    reflected until the next time that user logs on again.</li>
+<li>Administering the information in the <em>users</em> and <em>user roles</em>
+    table is the responsibility of your own applications.  Tomcat does not
+    provide any built-in capabilities to maintain users and roles.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="DataSourceRealm"><strong>DataSourceRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+<p><strong>DataSourceRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+<code>Realm</code> interface that looks up users in a relational database
+accessed via a JNDI named JDBC DataSource.  There is substantial configuration
+flexibility that lets you adapt to existing table and column names, as long
+as your database structure conforms to the following requirements:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>There must be a table, referenced below as the <em>users</em> table,
+    that contains one row for every valid user that this <code>Realm</code>
+    should recognize.</li>
+<li>The <em>users</em> table must contain at least two columns (it may
+    contain more if your existing applications required it):
+    <ul>
+    <li>Username to be recognized by Tomcat when the user logs in.</li>
+    <li>Password to be recognized by Tomcat when the user logs in.
+        This value may in cleartext or digested - see below for more
+        information.</li>
+    </ul></li>
+<li>There must be a table, referenced below as the <em>user roles</em> table,
+    that contains one row for every valid role that is assigned to a
+    particular user.  It is legal for a user to have zero, one, or more than
+    one valid role.</li>
+<li>The <em>user roles</em> table must contain at least two columns (it may
+    contain more if your existing applications required it):
+    <ul>
+    <li>Username to be recognized by Tomcat (same value as is specified
+        in the <em>users</em> table).</li>
+    <li>Role name of a valid role associated with this user.</li>
+    </ul></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3>Quick Start</h3>
+
+<p>To set up Tomcat to use DataSourceRealm, you will need to follow these steps:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>If you have not yet done so, create tables and columns in your database
+    that conform to the requirements described above.</li>
+<li>Configure a database username and password for use by Tomcat, that has
+    at least read only access to the tables described above.  (Tomcat will
+    never attempt to write to these tables.)</li>
+<li>Configure a JNDI named JDBC DataSource for your database.  Refer to the
+    <a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">JNDI DataSource Example HOW-TO</a>
+    for information on how to configure a JNDI named JDBC DataSource.</li>
+<li>Set up a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element, as described below, in your
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file.</li>
+<li>Restart Tomcat if it is already running.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+
+<p>To configure DataSourceRealm, you will create a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code>
+element and nest it in your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file,
+as described <a href="#Configuring a Realm">above</a>. The attributes for the
+DataSourceRealm are defined in the <a href="config/realm.html">Realm</a>
+configuration documentation.</p>
+
+<h3>Example</h3>
+
+<p>An example SQL script to create the needed tables might look something
+like this (adapt the syntax as required for your particular database):</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+create table users (
+  user_name         varchar(15) not null primary key,
+  user_pass         varchar(15) not null
+);
+
+create table user_roles (
+  user_name         varchar(15) not null,
+  role_name         varchar(15) not null,
+  primary key (user_name, role_name)
+);
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Here is an example for using a MySQL database called "authority", configured
+with the tables described above, and accessed with the JNDI JDBC DataSource with
+name "java:/comp/env/jdbc/authority".</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.DataSourceRealm"
+   dataSourceName="jdbc/authority"
+   userTable="users" userNameCol="user_name" userCredCol="user_pass"
+   userRoleTable="user_roles" roleNameCol="role_name"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>Additional Notes</h3>
+
+<p>DataSourceRealm operates according to the following rules:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>When a user attempts to access a protected resource for the first time,
+    Tomcat will call the <code>authenticate()</code> method of this
+    <code>Realm</code>.  Thus, any changes you have made to the database
+    directly (new users, changed passwords or roles, etc.) will be immediately
+    reflected.</li>
+<li>Once a user has been authenticated, the user (and his or her associated
+    roles) are cached within Tomcat for the duration of the user's login.
+    (For FORM-based authentication, that means until the session times out or
+    is invalidated; for BASIC authentication, that means until the user
+    closes their browser).  The cached user is <strong>not</strong> saved and
+    restored across sessions serialisations. Any changes to the database
+    information for an already authenticated user will <strong>not</strong> be
+    reflected until the next time that user logs on again.</li>
+<li>Administering the information in the <em>users</em> and <em>user roles</em>
+    table is the responsibility of your own applications.  Tomcat does not
+    provide any built-in capabilities to maintain users and roles.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JNDIRealm"><strong>JNDIRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+<p><strong>JNDIRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+<code>Realm</code> interface that looks up users in an LDAP directory
+server accessed by a JNDI provider (typically, the standard LDAP
+provider that is available with the JNDI API classes). The realm
+supports a variety of approaches to using a directory for
+authentication.</p>
+
+<h4>Connecting to the directory</h4>
+
+<p>The realm's connection to the directory is defined by the
+<strong>connectionURL</strong> configuration attribute. This is a URL
+whose format is defined by the JNDI provider. It is usually an LDAP
+URL that specifies the domain name of the directory server to connect
+to, and optionally the port number and distinguished name (DN) of the
+required root naming context.</p>
+
+<p>If you have more than one provider you can configure an
+<strong>alternateURL</strong>.  If a socket connection can not be
+made to the provider at the <strong>connectionURL</strong> an
+attempt will be made to use the <strong>alternateURL</strong>.</p>
+
+<p>When making a connection in order to search the directory and
+retrieve user and role information, the realm authenticates itself to
+the directory with the username and password specified by the
+<strong>connectionName</strong> and
+<strong>connectionPassword</strong> properties. If these properties
+are not specified the connection is anonymous. This is sufficient in
+many cases.
+</p>
+
+
+<h4>Selecting the user's directory entry</h4>
+
+<p>Each user that can be authenticated must be represented in the
+directory by an individual entry that corresponds to an element in the
+initial <code>DirContext</code> defined by the
+<strong>connectionURL</strong> attribute. This user entry must have an
+attribute containing the username that is presented for
+authentication.</p>
+
+<p>Often the distinguished name of the user's entry contains the
+username presented for authentication but is otherwise the same for
+all users. In this case the <strong>userPattern</strong> attribute may
+be used to specify the DN, with "{0}" marking where
+the username should be substituted.</p>
+
+<p>Otherwise the realm must search the directory to find a unique entry
+containing the username. The following attributes configure this
+search:
+
+     <ul>
+     <li><strong>userBase</strong> - the entry that is the base of
+         the subtree containing users.  If not specified, the search
+         base is the top-level context.</li>
+
+     <li><strong>userSubtree</strong> - the search scope. Set to
+         <code>true</code> if you wish to search the entire subtree
+         rooted at the <strong>userBase</strong> entry. The default value
+         of <code>false</code> requests a single-level search
+         including only the top level.</li>
+
+     <li><strong>userSearch</strong> - pattern specifying the LDAP
+         search filter to use after substitution of the username.</li>
+
+    </ul>
+</p>
+
+
+<h4>Authenticating the user</h4>
+
+<ul>
+<li>
+<p><b>Bind mode</b></p>
+
+<p>By default the realm authenticates a user by binding to
+the directory with the DN of the entry for that user and the password
+presented by the user. If this simple bind succeeds the user is considered to
+be authenticated.</p>
+
+<p>For security reasons a directory may store a digest of the user's
+password rather than the clear text version (see <a href="#Digested Passwords">Digested Passwords</a> for more information). In that case,
+as part of the simple bind operation the directory automatically
+computes the correct digest of the plaintext password presented by the
+user before validating it against the stored value. In bind mode,
+therefore, the realm is not involved in digest processing. The
+<strong>digest</strong> attribute is not used, and will be ignored if
+set.</p>
+</li>
+
+<li>
+<p><b>Comparison mode</b></p>
+<p>Alternatively, the realm may retrieve the stored
+password from the directory and compare it explicitly with the value
+presented by the user. This mode is configured by setting the
+<strong>userPassword</strong> attribute to the name of a directory
+attribute in the user's entry that contains the password.</p>
+
+<p>Comparison mode has some disadvantages. First, the
+<strong>connectionName</strong> and
+<strong>connectionPassword</strong> attributes must be configured to
+allow the realm to read users' passwords in the directory. For
+security reasons this is generally undesirable; indeed many directory
+implementations will not allow even the directory manager to read
+these passwords. In addition, the realm must handle password digests
+itself, including variations in the algorithms used and ways of
+representing password hashes in the directory. However, the realm may
+sometimes need access to the stored password, for example to support
+HTTP Digest Access Authentication (RFC 2069). (Note that HTTP digest
+authentication is different from the storage of password digests in
+the repository for user information as discussed above).
+</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4>Assigning roles to the user</h4>
+
+<p>The directory realm supports two approaches to the representation
+of roles in the directory:</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li>
+<p><b>Roles as explicit directory entries</b></p>
+
+<p>Roles may be represented by explicit directory entries. A role
+entry is usually an LDAP group entry with one attribute
+containing the name of the role and another whose values are the
+distinguished names or usernames of the users in that role.  The
+following attributes configure a directory search to
+find the names of roles associated with the authenticated user:</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li><strong>roleBase</strong> - the base entry for the role search.
+    If not specified, the search base is the top-level directory
+    context.</li>
+
+<li><strong>roleSubtree</strong> - the search
+    scope. Set to <code>true</code> if you wish to search the entire
+    subtree rooted at the <code>roleBase</code> entry. The default
+    value of <code>false</code> requests a single-level search
+    including the top level only.</li>
+
+<li><strong>roleSearch</strong> - the LDAP search filter for
+    selecting role entries. It optionally includes pattern
+    replacements "{0}" for the distinguished name and/or "{1}" for the
+    username and/or "{2}" for an attribute from user's directory entry,
+    of the authenticated user. Use <strong>userRoleAttribute</strong> to
+    specify the name of the attribute that provides the value for "{2}".</li>
+
+<li><strong>roleName</strong> - the attribute in a role entry
+     containing the name of that role.</li>
+
+<li><strong>roleNested</strong> - enable nested roles. Set to
+     <code>true</code> if you want to nest roles in roles. If configured, then
+     every newly found roleName and distinguished
+     Name will be recursively tried for a new role search.
+     The default value is <code>false</code>.</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+<ul>
+<li>
+<p><b>Roles as an attribute of the user entry</b></p>
+
+<p>Role names may also be held as the values of an attribute in the
+user's directory entry. Use <strong>userRoleName</strong> to specify
+the name of this attribute.</p>
+
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p>A combination of both approaches to role representation may be used.</p>
+
+<h3>Quick Start</h3>
+
+<p>To set up Tomcat to use JNDIRealm, you will need to follow these steps:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Make sure your directory server is configured with a schema that matches
+    the requirements listed above.</li>
+<li>If required, configure a username and password for use by Tomcat, that has
+    read only access to the information described above.  (Tomcat will
+    never attempt to modify this information.)</li>
+<li>Set up a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element, as described below, in your
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file.</li>
+<li>Restart Tomcat if it is already running.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+
+<p>To configure JNDIRealm, you will create a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code>
+element and nest it in your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file,
+as described <a href="#Configuring a Realm">above</a>. The attributes for the
+JNDIRealm are defined in the <a href="config/realm.html">Realm</a> configuration
+documentation.</p>
+
+<h3>Example</h3>
+
+<p>Creation of the appropriate schema in your directory server is beyond the
+scope of this document, because it is unique to each directory server
+implementation.  In the examples below, we will assume that you are using a
+distribution of the OpenLDAP directory server (version 2.0.11 or later), which
+can be downloaded from
+<a href="http://www.openldap.org">http://www.openldap.org</a>.  Assume that
+your <code>slapd.conf</code> file contains the following settings
+(among others):</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+database ldbm
+suffix dc="mycompany",dc="com"
+rootdn "cn=Manager,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+rootpw secret
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>We will assume for <code>connectionURL</code> that the directory
+server runs on the same machine as Tomcat.  See <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/jndi/docs.html">http://java.sun.com/products/jndi/docs.html</a>
+for more information about configuring and using the JNDI LDAP
+provider.</p>
+
+<p>Next, assume that this directory server has been populated with elements
+as shown below (in LDIF format):</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+
+# Define top-level entry
+dn: dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: dcObject
+dc:mycompany
+
+# Define an entry to contain people
+# searches for users are based on this entry
+dn: ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: organizationalUnit
+ou: people
+
+# Define a user entry for Janet Jones
+dn: uid=jjones,ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: inetOrgPerson
+uid: jjones
+sn: jones
+cn: janet jones
+mail: j.jones@mycompany.com
+userPassword: janet
+
+# Define a user entry for Fred Bloggs
+dn: uid=fbloggs,ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: inetOrgPerson
+uid: fbloggs
+sn: bloggs
+cn: fred bloggs
+mail: f.bloggs@mycompany.com
+userPassword: fred
+
+# Define an entry to contain LDAP groups
+# searches for roles are based on this entry
+dn: ou=groups,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: organizationalUnit
+ou: groups
+
+# Define an entry for the "tomcat" role
+dn: cn=tomcat,ou=groups,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
+cn: tomcat
+uniqueMember: uid=jjones,ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+uniqueMember: uid=fbloggs,ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+
+# Define an entry for the "role1" role
+dn: cn=role1,ou=groups,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: groupOfUniqueNames
+cn: role1
+uniqueMember: uid=fbloggs,ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>An example <code>Realm</code> element for the OpenLDAP directory
+server configured as described above might look like this, assuming
+that users use their uid (e.g. jjones) to login to the
+application and that an anonymous connection is sufficient to search
+the directory and retrieve role information:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm   className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm"
+     connectionURL="ldap://localhost:389"
+       userPattern="uid={0},ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+          roleBase="ou=groups,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+          roleName="cn"
+        roleSearch="(uniqueMember={0})"
+/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>With this configuration, the realm will determine the user's
+distinguished name by substituting the username into the
+<code>userPattern</code>, authenticate by binding to the directory
+with this DN and the password received from the user, and search the
+directory to find the user's roles.</p>
+
+<p>Now suppose that users are expected to enter their email address
+rather than their userid when logging in. In this case the realm must
+search the directory for the user's entry. (A search is also necessary
+when user entries are held in multiple subtrees corresponding perhaps
+to different organizational units or company locations).</p>
+
+<p>Further, suppose that in addition to the group entries you want to
+use an attribute of the user's entry to hold roles. Now the entry for
+Janet Jones might read as follows:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+dn: uid=jjones,ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com
+objectClass: inetOrgPerson
+uid: jjones
+sn: jones
+cn: janet jones
+mail: j.jones@mycompany.com
+memberOf: role2
+memberOf: role3
+userPassword: janet
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p> This realm configuration would satisfy the new requirements:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm   className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm"
+     connectionURL="ldap://localhost:389"
+          userBase="ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+        userSearch="(mail={0})"
+      userRoleName="memberOf"
+          roleBase="ou=groups,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+          roleName="cn"
+        roleSearch="(uniqueMember={0})"
+/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>Now when Janet Jones logs in as "j.jones@mycompany.com", the realm
+searches the directory for a unique entry with that value as its mail
+attribute and attempts to bind to the directory as
+<code>uid=jjones,ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com</code> with the given
+password. If authentication succeeds, she is assigned three roles:
+"role2" and "role3", the values of the "memberOf" attribute in her
+directory entry, and "tomcat", the value of the "cn" attribute in the
+only group entry of which she is a member.</p>
+
+<p>Finally, to authenticate the user by retrieving
+the password from the directory and making a local comparison in the
+realm, you might use a realm configuration like this:</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm   className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm"
+    connectionName="cn=Manager,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+connectionPassword="secret"
+     connectionURL="ldap://localhost:389"
+      userPassword="userPassword"
+       userPattern="uid={0},ou=people,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+          roleBase="ou=groups,dc=mycompany,dc=com"
+          roleName="cn"
+        roleSearch="(uniqueMember={0})"
+/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>However, as discussed above, the default bind mode for
+authentication is usually to be preferred.</p>
+
+<h3>Additional Notes</h3>
+
+<p>JNDIRealm operates according to the following rules:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>When a user attempts to access a protected resource for the first time,
+    Tomcat will call the <code>authenticate()</code> method of this
+    <code>Realm</code>.  Thus, any changes you have made to the directory
+    (new users, changed passwords or roles, etc.) will be immediately
+    reflected.</li>
+<li>Once a user has been authenticated, the user (and his or her associated
+    roles) are cached within Tomcat for the duration of the user's login.
+    (For FORM-based authentication, that means until the session times out or
+    is invalidated; for BASIC authentication, that means until the user
+    closes their browser).  The cached user is <strong>not</strong> saved and
+    restored across sessions serialisations. Any changes to the directory
+    information for an already authenticated user will <strong>not</strong> be
+    reflected until the next time that user logs on again.</li>
+<li>Administering the information in the directory server
+    is the responsibility of your own applications.  Tomcat does not
+    provide any built-in capabilities to maintain users and roles.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="UserDatabaseRealm"><strong>UserDatabaseRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+<p><strong>UserDatabaseRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+<code>Realm</code> interface that uses a JNDI resource to store user
+information. By default, the JNDI resource is backed by an XML file. It is not
+designed for large-scale production use. At startup time, the UserDatabaseRealm
+loads information about all users, and their corresponding roles, from an XML
+document (by default, this document is loaded from
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>). The users, their passwords
+and their roles may all be editing dynamically, typically via JMX. Changes may
+be saved and will be reflected in the XML file.</p>
+
+<h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+
+<p>To configure UserDatabaseRealm, you will create a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code>
+element and nest it in your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file,
+as described <a href="#Configuring a Realm">above</a>. The attributes for the
+UserDatabaseRealm are defined in the <a href="config/realm.html">Realm</a>
+configuration documentation.</p>
+
+<h3>User File Format</h3>
+
+<p>The users file uses the same format as the
+<a href="#MemoryRealm">MemoryRealm</a>.</p>
+
+<h3>Example</h3>
+
+<p>The default installation of Tomcat is configured with a UserDatabaseRealm
+nested inside the <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code> element, so that it applies
+to all virtual hosts and web applications.  The default contents of the
+<code>conf/tomcat-users.xml</code> file is:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;tomcat-users&gt;
+  &lt;user name="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat" /&gt;
+  &lt;user name="role1"  password="tomcat" roles="role1"  /&gt;
+  &lt;user name="both"   password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1" /&gt;
+&lt;/tomcat-users&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<h3>Additional Notes</h3>
+
+<p>UserDatabaseRealm operates according to the following rules:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>When Tomcat first starts up, it loads all defined users and their
+    associated information from the users file. Changes made to the data in
+    this file will <strong>not</strong> be recognized until Tomcat is
+    restarted. Changes may be made via the UserDatabase resource. Tomcat
+    provides MBeans that may be accessed via JMX for this purpose.</li>
+<li>When a user attempts to access a protected resource for the first time,
+    Tomcat will call the <code>authenticate()</code> method of this
+    <code>Realm</code>.</li>
+<li>Once a user has been authenticated, the user (and his or her associated
+    roles) are cached within Tomcat for the duration of the user's login.
+    (For FORM-based authentication, that means until the session times out or
+    is invalidated; for BASIC authentication, that means until the user
+    closes their browser).  The cached user is <strong>not</strong> saved and
+    restored across sessions serialisations.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="MemoryRealm"><strong>MemoryRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+<p><strong>MemoryRealm</strong> is a simple demonstration implementation of the
+Tomcat <code>Realm</code> interface.  It is not designed for production use.
+At startup time, MemoryRealm loads information about all users, and their
+corresponding roles, from an XML document (by default, this document is loaded
+from <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/tomcat-users.xml</code>).  Changes to the data
+in this file are not recognized until Tomcat is restarted.</p>
+
+<h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+
+<p>To configure MemoryRealm, you will create a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code>
+element and nest it in your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file,
+as described <a href="#Configuring a Realm">above</a>. The attributes for the
+MemoryRealm are defined in the <a href="config/realm.html">Realm</a>
+configuration documentation.</p>
+
+<h3>User File Format</h3>
+
+<p>The users file (by default, <code>conf/tomcat-users.xml</code> must be an
+XML document, with a root element <code>&lt;tomcat-users&gt;</code>.  Nested
+inside the root element will be a <code>&lt;user&gt;</code> element for each
+valid user, consisting of the following attributes:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>name</strong> - Username this user must log on with.</li>
+<li><strong>password</strong> - Password this user must log on with (in
+    clear text if the <code>digest</code> attribute was not set on the
+    <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element, or digested appropriately as
+    described <a href="#Digested Passwords">here</a> otherwise).</li>
+<li><strong>roles</strong> - Comma-delimited list of the role names
+    associated with this user.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3>Additional Notes</h3>
+
+<p>MemoryRealm operates according to the following rules:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>When Tomcat first starts up, it loads all defined users and their
+    associated information from the users file.  Changes to the data in
+    this file will <strong>not</strong> be recognized until Tomcat is
+    restarted.</li>
+<li>When a user attempts to access a protected resource for the first time,
+    Tomcat will call the <code>authenticate()</code> method of this
+    <code>Realm</code>.</li>
+<li>Once a user has been authenticated, the user (and his or her associated
+    roles) are cached within Tomcat for the duration of the user's login.
+    (For FORM-based authentication, that means until the session times out or
+    is invalidated; for BASIC authentication, that means until the user
+    closes their browser).  The cached user is <strong>not</strong> saved and
+    restored across sessions serialisations.</li>
+<li>Administering the information in the users file is the responsibility
+    of your application.  Tomcat does not
+    provide any built-in capabilities to maintain users and roles.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="JAASRealm"><strong>JAASRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+        <p><strong>JAASRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+6 <code>Realm</code> interface that authenticates users through the Java
+Authentication &amp; Authorization Service (JAAS) framework which is now
+provided as part of the standard Java SE API.</p>
+        <p>Using JAASRealm gives the developer the ability to combine
+practically any conceivable security realm with Tomcat's CMA. </p>
+        <p>JAASRealm is prototype for Tomcat of the JAAS-based
+J2EE authentication framework for J2EE v1.4, based on the <a href="http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=196">JCP Specification
+Request 196</a> to enhance container-managed security and promote
+'pluggable' authentication mechanisms whose implementations would be
+container-independent.
+        </p>
+        <p>Based on the JAAS login module and principal (see <code>javax.security.auth.spi.LoginModule</code>
+and <code>javax.security.Principal</code>), you can develop your own
+security mechanism or wrap another third-party mechanism for
+integration with the CMA as implemented by Tomcat.
+        </p>
+
+        <h3>Quick Start</h3>
+        <p>To set up Tomcat to use JAASRealm with your own JAAS login module,
+ you will need to follow these steps:</p>
+        <ol>
+          <li>Write your own LoginModule, User and Role classes based
+on JAAS (see
+<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/guide/security/jaas/tutorials/GeneralAcnOnly.html">the
+JAAS Authentication Tutorial</a> and
+<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/guide/security/jaas/JAASLMDevGuide.html">the JAAS Login Module
+Developer's Guide</a>) to be managed by the JAAS Login
+Context (<code>javax.security.auth.login.LoginContext</code>)
+When developing your LoginModule, note that JAASRealm's built-in <code>CallbackHandler</code>
+only recognizes the <code>NameCallback</code> and <code>PasswordCallback</code> at present.
+          </li>
+          <li>Although not specified in JAAS, you should create
+seperate classes to distinguish between users and roles, extending <code>javax.security.Principal</code>,
+so that Tomcat can tell which Principals returned from your login
+module are users and which are roles (see <code>org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm</code>).
+Regardless, the first Principal returned is <em>always</em> treated as the user Principal.
+          </li>
+          <li>Place the compiled classes on Tomcat's classpath
+          </li>
+          <li>Set up a login.config file for Java (see <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/guide/security/jaas/tutorials/LoginConfigFile.html">JAAS
+LoginConfig file</a>) and tell Tomcat where to find it by specifying
+its location to the JVM, for instance by setting the environment
+variable: <code>JAVA_OPTS=$JAVA_OPTS -Djava.security.auth.login.config==$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jaas.config</code></li>
+
+          <li>Configure your security-constraints in your web.xml for
+the resources you want to protect</li>
+          <li>Configure the JAASRealm module in your server.xml </li>
+          <li>Restart Tomcat if it is already running.</li>
+        </ol>
+        <h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+        <p>To configure JAASRealm as for step 6 above, you create
+a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element and nest it in your
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>
+file within your <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code> node. The attributes for the
+JAASRealm are defined in the <a href="config/realm.html">Realm</a>
+configuration documentation.</p>
+
+<h3>Example</h3>
+
+<p>Here is an example of how your server.xml snippet should look.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm"
+                appName="MyFooRealm"
+    userClassNames="org.foobar.realm.FooUser"
+     roleClassNames="org.foobar.realm.FooRole"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>It is the responsibility of your login module to create and save User and
+Role objects representing Principals for the user
+(<code>javax.security.auth.Subject</code>). If your login module doesn't
+create a user object but also doesn't throw a login exception, then the
+Tomcat CMA will break and you will be left at the
+http://localhost:8080/myapp/j_security_check URI or at some other
+unspecified location.</p>
+
+        <p>The flexibility of the JAAS approach is two-fold: </p>
+        <ul>
+          <li>you can carry out whatever processing you require behind
+the scenes in your own login module.</li>
+          <li>you can plug in a completely different LoginModule by changing the configuration
+and restarting the server, without any code changes to your application.</li>
+        </ul>
+
+        <h3>Additional Notes</h3>
+        <ul>
+          <li>When a user attempts to access a protected resource for
+              the first time, Tomcat will call the <code>authenticate()</code>
+              method of this <code>Realm</code>.  Thus, any changes you have made in
+              the security mechanism directly (new users, changed passwords or
+              roles, etc.) will be immediately reflected.</li>
+          <li>Once a user has been authenticated, the user (and his or
+              her associated roles) are cached within Tomcat for the duration of
+              the user's login.  For FORM-based authentication, that means until
+              the session times out or is invalidated; for BASIC authentication,
+              that means until the user closes their browser.  Any changes to the
+              security information for an already authenticated user will <strong>not</strong>
+              be reflected until the next time that user logs on again.</li>
+          <li>As with other <code>Realm</code> implementations, digested passwords
+              are supported if the <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code> element in <code>server.xml</code>
+              contains a <code>digest</code> attribute; JAASRealm's <code>CallbackHandler</code>
+              will digest the password prior to passing it back to the <code>LoginModule</code></li>
+        </ul>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="CombinedRealm"><strong>CombinedRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+    <p><strong>CombinedRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+    <code>Realm</code> interface that authenticates users through one or more
+    sub-Realms.</p>
+
+    <p>Using CombinedRealm gives the developer the ability to combine multiple
+    Realms of the same or different types. This can be used to authenticate
+    against different sources, provide fall back in case one Realm fails or for
+    any other purpose that requires multiple Realms.</p>
+
+    <p>Sub-realms are defined by nesting <code>Realm</code> elements inside the
+    <code>Realm</code> element that defines the CombinedRealm. Authentication
+    will be attempted against each <code>Realm</code> in the order they are
+    listed. Authentication against any Realm will be sufficient to authenticate
+    the user.</p>
+
+    <h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+    <p>To configure a CombinedRealm, you create a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code>
+    element and nest it in your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>
+    file within your <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code>.
+    You can also nest inside a <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> node in a
+    <code>context.xml</code> file.</p>
+
+<h3>Example</h3>
+
+<p>Here is an example of how your server.xml snippet should look to use a
+UserDatabase Realm and a DataSource Realm.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.CombinedRealm" &gt;
+   &lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
+             resourceName="UserDatabase"/&gt;
+   &lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.DataSourceRealm"
+             dataSourceName="jdbc/authority"
+             userTable="users" userNameCol="user_name" userCredCol="user_pass"
+             userRoleTable="user_roles" roleNameCol="role_name"/&gt;
+&lt;/Realm&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="LockOutRealm"><strong>LockOutRealm</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+    <p><strong>LockOutRealm</strong> is an implementation of the Tomcat
+    <code>Realm</code> interface that extends the CombinedRealm to provide lock
+    out functionality to provide a user lock out mechanism if there are too many
+    failed authentication attempts in a given period of time.</p>
+
+    <p>To ensure correct operation, there is a reasonable degree of
+    synchronisation in this Realm.</p>
+
+    <p>This Realm does not require modification to the underlying Realms or the
+    associated user storage mechanisms. It achieves this by recording all failed
+    logins, including those for users that do not exist. To prevent a DOS by
+    deliberating making requests with invalid users (and hence causing this
+    cache to grow) the size of the list of users that have failed authentication
+    is limited.</p>
+
+    <p>Sub-realms are defined by nesting <code>Realm</code> elements inside the
+    <code>Realm</code> element that defines the LockOutRealm. Authentication
+    will be attempted against each <code>Realm</code> in the order they are
+    listed. Authentication against any Realm will be sufficient to authenticate
+    the user.</p>
+
+    <h3>Realm Element Attributes</h3>
+    <p>To configure a LockOutRealm, you create a <code>&lt;Realm&gt;</code>
+    element and nest it in your <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code>
+    file within your <code>&lt;Engine&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;Host&gt;</code>.
+    You can also nest inside a <code>&lt;Context&gt;</code> node in a
+    <code>context.xml</code> file. The attributes for the
+    LockOutRealm are defined in the <a href="config/realm.html">Realm</a>
+    configuration documentation.</p>
+
+<h3>Example</h3>
+
+<p>Here is an example of how your server.xml snippet should look to add lock out
+functionality to a UserDatabase Realm.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm" &gt;
+   &lt;Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
+             resourceName="UserDatabase"/&gt;
+&lt;/Realm&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Security Considerations</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Security Considerations</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Non-Tomcat_settings">Non-Tomcat settings</a></li><li><a href="#Default_web_applications">Default web applications</a></li><li><a href="#Security_manager">Security manager</a></li><li><a href="#server.xml">server.xml</a><ol><li><a href="#server.xml/General">General</a></li><li><a href="#Server">Server</a></li><li><a href="#Listeners">Listeners</a></li><li><a href="#Connectors">Connectors</a></li><li><a href="#Host">Host</a></li><li><a href="#Context">Context</a></li><li><a href="#Valves">Valves</a></li><li><a href="#Realms">Realms</a></li><li><a href="#Manager">Manager</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#System_Properties">System Properties</a></li><li><a href="#web.xml">web.xml</a></li><li><a href="#General">General</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Tomcat is configured to be reasonably secure for most use cases by
+    default. Some environments may require more, or less, secure configurations.
+    This page is to provide a single point of reference for configuration
+    options that may impact security and to offer some commentary on the
+    expected impact of changing those options. The intention is to provide a
+    list of configuration options that should be considered when assessing the
+    security of a Tomcat installation.</p>
+
+    <p><strong>Note</strong>: Reading this page is not a substitute for reading
+    and understanding the detailed configuration documentation. Fuller
+    descriptions of these attributes may be found in the relevant documentation
+    pages.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Non-Tomcat settings"><!--()--></a><a name="Non-Tomcat_settings"><strong>Non-Tomcat settings</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Tomcat configuration should not be the only line of defense. The other
+    components in the system (operating system, network, database, etc.) should
+    also be secured.</p>
+    <p>Tomcat should not be run under the root user. Create a dedicated user for
+    the Tomcat process and provide that user with the minimum necessary
+    permissions for the operating system. For example, it should not be possible
+    to log on remotely using the Tomcat user.</p>
+    <p>File permissions should also be suitable restricted. Taking the Tomcat
+    instances at the ASF as an example (where auto-deployment is disabled and
+    web applications are deployed as exploded directories), the standard
+    configuration is to have all Tomcat files owned by root with group Tomcat
+    and whilst owner has read/write priviliges, group only has read and world
+    has no permissions. The exceptions are the logs, temp and work directory
+    that are owned by the Tomcat user rather than root. This means that even if
+    an attacker compromises the Tomcat process, they can't change the
+    Tomcat configuration, deploy new web applications or modify existing web
+    applications. The Tomcat process runs with a umask of 007 to maintain these
+    permissions.</p>
+    <p>At the network level, consider using a firewall to limit both incoming
+    and outgoing connections to only those connections you  expect to be
+    present.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Default web applications"><!--()--></a><a name="Default_web_applications"><strong>Default web applications</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Tomcat ships with a number of web applications by default.
+    Vulnerabilities have been discovered in these applications in the past.
+    Applications that are not required should be removed so the system will not
+    be at risk if another vulnerability is discovered.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Security manager"><!--()--></a><a name="Security_manager"><strong>Security manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Enabling the security manager causes web applications to be run in a
+    sandbox, significantly limiting a web application's ability to perform
+    malicious actions such as calling System.exit(), establishing network
+    connections or accessing the file system outside of the web application's
+    root and temporary directories. However, it should be noted that there are
+    some malicious actions, such as triggering high CPU consumption via an
+    infinite loop, that the security manager cannot prevent.</p>
+
+    <p>Enabling the security manager is usually done to limit the potential
+    impact, should an attacker find a way to compromise a trusted web
+    application . A security manager may also be used to reduce the risks of
+    running untrusted web applications (e.g. in hosting environments) but it
+    should be noted that the security manager only reduces the risks of
+    running untrusted web applications, it does not eliminate them. If running
+    multiple untrusted web applications, it is recommended that each web
+    application is deployed to a separate Tomcat instance (and ideally separate
+    hosts) to reduce the ability of a malicious web application impacting the
+    availability of other applications.</p>
+
+    <p>Tomcat is tested with the security manager enabled; but the majority of
+    Tomcat users do not run with a security manager, so Tomcat is not as well
+    user-tested in this configuration. There have been, and continue to be,
+    bugs reported that are triggered by running under a security manager.</p>
+
+    <p>The restrictions imposed by a security manager are likely to break most
+    applications if the security manager is enabled. The security manager should
+    not be used without extensive testing. Ideally, the use of a security
+    manager should be introduced at the start of the development cycle as it can
+    be time-consuming to track down and fix issues caused by enabling a security
+    manager for a mature application.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="server.xml"><strong>server.xml</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="server.xml/General"><strong>General</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>The default server.xml contains a large number of comments, including
+      some example component definitions that are commented out. Removing these
+      comments makes it considerably easier to read and comprehend
+      server.xml.</p>
+      <p>If a component type is not listed, then there are no settings for that
+      type that directly impact security.</p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Server"><strong>Server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>Setting the <strong>port</strong> attribute to <code>-1</code> disables
+      the shutdown port.</p>
+      <p>If the shutdown port is not disabled, a strong password should be
+      configured for <strong>shutdown</strong>.</p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Listeners"><strong>Listeners</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>The APR Lifecycle Listener is not stable if compiled on Solaris using
+      gcc. If using the APR/native connector on Solaris, compile it with the
+      Sun Studio compiler.</p>
+
+      <p>The Security Listener should be enabled and configured as appropriate.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Connectors"><strong>Connectors</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>By default, an HTTP and an AJP connector are configured. Connectors
+      that will not be used should be removed from server.xml.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>address</strong> attribute may be used to control which IP
+      address the connector listens on for connections. By default, the
+      connector listens on all configured IP addresses.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>allowTrace</strong> attribute may be used to enable TRACE
+      requests which can be useful for debugging. Due to the way some browsers
+      handle the response from a TRACE request (which exposes the browser to an
+      XSS attack), support for TRACE requests is disabled by default.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>maxPostSize</strong> attribute controls the maximum size
+      of a POST request that will be parsed for parameters. The parameters are
+      cached for the duration of the request so this is limited to 2MB by
+      default to reduce exposure to a DOS attack.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>maxSavePostSize</strong> attribute controls the saving of
+      POST requests during FORM and CLIENT-CERT authentication. The parameters
+      are cached for the duration of the authentication (which may be many
+      minutes) so this is limited to 4KB by default to reduce exposure to a DOS
+      attack.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>maxParameterCount</strong> attribute controls the
+      maximum number of parameter and value pairs (GET plus POST) that can
+      be parsed and stored in the request. Excessive parameters are ignored.
+      If you want to reject such requests, configure a
+      <a href="config/filter.html">FailedRequestFilter</a>.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>xpoweredBy</strong> attribute controls whether or not the
+      X-Powered-By HTTP header is sent with each request. If sent, the value of
+      the header contains the Servlet and JSP specification versions, the full
+      Tomcat version (e.g. Apache Tomcat/7.0.0), the name of the JVM vendor and
+      the version of the JVM. This header is disabled by default. This header
+      can provide useful information to both legitimate clients and attackers.
+      </p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>server</strong> attribute controls the value of the Server
+      HTTP header. The default value of this header for Tomcat 4.1.x, 5.0.x,
+      5.5.x, 6.0.x and 7.0.x is Apache-Coyote/1.1. This header can provide
+      limited information to both legitimate clients and attackers.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>SSLEnabled</strong>, <strong>scheme</strong> and
+      <strong>secure</strong> attributes may all be independently set. These are
+      normally used when Tomcat is located behind a reverse proxy and the proxy
+      is connecting to Tomcat via HTTP or HTTPS. They allow Tomcat to see the
+      SSL attributes of the connections between the client and the proxy rather
+      than the proxy and Tomcat. For example, the client may connect to the
+      proxy over HTTPS but the proxy connects to Tomcat using HTTP. If it is
+      necessary for Tomcat to be able to distinguish between secure and
+      non-secure connections received by a proxy, the proxy must use separate
+      connectors to pass secure and non-secure requests to Tomcat. If the
+      proxy uses AJP then the SSL attributes of the client connection are
+      passed via the AJP protocol and separate connectors are not needed.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>ciphers</strong> attribute controls the ciphers used for
+      SSL connections. By default, the default ciphers for the JVM will be used.
+      This usually means that the weak export grade ciphers will be included in
+      the list of available ciphers. Secure environments will normally want to
+      configure a more limited set of ciphers.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>tomcatAuthentication</strong> attribute is used with the
+      AJP connectors to determine if Tomcat should authenticate the user or if
+      authentication can be delegated to the reverse proxy that will then pass
+      the authenticated username to Tomcat as part of the AJP protocol.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>allowUnsafeLegacyRenegotiation</strong> attribute provides
+      a workaround for
+      <a href="http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2009-3555">
+      CVE-2009-3555</a>, a TLS man in the middle attack. This workaround applies
+      to the BIO connector. It is only necessary if the underlying SSL
+      implementation is vulnerable to CVE-2009-3555. For more information on the
+      current state of this vulnerability and the work-arounds available see the
+      <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/security-7.html">Tomcat 7 security
+      page</a>.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>requiredSecret</strong> attribute in AJP connectors
+      configures shared secret between Tomcat and reverse proxy in front of
+      Tomcat. It is used to prevent unauthorized connections over AJP protocol.</p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Host"><strong>Host</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>The host element controls deployment. Automatic deployment allows for
+      simpler management but also makes it easier for an attacker to deploy a
+      malicious application. Automatic deployment is controlled by the
+      <strong>autoDeploy</strong> and <strong>deployOnStartup</strong>
+      attributes. If both are <code>false</code>, only Contexts defined in
+      server.xml will be deployed and any changes will require a Tomcat restart.
+      </p>
+
+      <p>In a hosted environment where web applications may not be trusted, set
+      the <strong>deployXML</strong> attribute to <code>false</code> to ignore any
+      context.xml packaged with the web application that may try to assign
+      increased privileges to the web application. </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Context"><strong>Context</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>This applies to <a href="config/context.html">Context</a>
+      elements in all places where they can be defined:
+      <code>server.xml</code> file,
+      default <code>context.xml</code> file,
+      per-host <code>context.xml.default</code> file,
+      web application context file in per-host configuration directory
+      or inside the web application.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>crossContext</strong> attribute controls if a context is
+      allowed to access the resources of another context. It is
+      <code>false</code> by default and should only be changed for trusted web
+      applications.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>privileged</strong> attribute controls if a context is
+      allowed to use container provided servlets like the Manager servlet. It is
+      <code>false</code> by default and should only be changed for trusted web
+      applications.</p>
+
+      <p>The <strong>allowLinking</strong> attribute controls if a context is
+      allowed to use linked files. If enabled and the context is undeployed, the
+      links will be followed when deleting the context resources. To avoid this
+      behaviour, use the <strong>aliases</strong> attribute. Changing this
+      setting from the default of <code>false</code> on case insensitive
+      operating systems (this includes Windows) will disable a number of
+      security measures and allow, among other things, direct access to the
+      WEB-INF directory.</p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Valves"><strong>Valves</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>It is strongly recommended that an AccessLogValve is configured. The
+      default Tomcat configuration includes an AccessLogValve. These are
+      normally configured per host but may also be configured per engine or per
+      context as required.</p>
+
+      <p>Any administrative application should be protected by a
+      RemoteAddrValve. (Note that this Valve is also available as a Filter.)
+      The <strong>allow</strong> attribute should be used to limit access to a
+      set of known trusted hosts.</p>
+
+      <p>The default ErrorReportValve includes the Tomcat version number in the
+      response sent to clients. To avoid this, custom error handling can be
+      configured within each web application. Alternatively, the version number
+      can be changed by creating the file
+      CATALINA_BASE/lib/org/apache/catalina/util/ServerInfo.properties with
+      content as follows:</p>
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+server.info=Apache Tomcat/7.0.x
+      </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+      <p>Modify the values as required. Note that this will also change the version
+      number reported in some of the management tools and may make it harder to
+      determine the real version installed. The CATALINA_HOME/bin/version.bat|sh
+      script will still report the version number.</p>
+
+      <p>The default ErrorReportValve can display stack traces and/or JSP
+      source code to clients when an error occurs. To avoid this, custom error
+      handling can be configured within each web application.</p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Realms"><strong>Realms</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>The MemoryRealm is not intended for production use as any changes to
+      tomcat-users.xml require a restart of Tomcat to take effect.</p>
+
+      <p>The JDBCRealm is not recommended for production use as it is single
+      threaded for all authentication and authorization options. Use the
+      DataSourceRealm instead.</p>
+
+      <p>The UserDatabaseRealm is not intended for large-scale installations. It
+      is intended for small-scale, relatively static environments.</p>
+
+      <p>The JAASRealm is not widely used and therefore the code is not as
+      mature as the other realms. Additional testing is recommended before using
+      this realm.</p>
+
+      <p>By default, the realms do not implement any form of account lock-out.
+      This means that brute force attacks can be successful. To prevent a brute
+      force attack, the chosen realm should be wrapped in a LockOutRealm.</p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Manager"><strong>Manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>The manager component is used to generate session IDs.</p>
+
+      <p>The default <strong>entropy</strong> value has been shown to generate predictable values
+      under certain conditions. For more secure session generation, this should
+      be set to a long string. This is done automatically if the APR/native
+      library is installed; a random value will be obtained from the APR/native
+      library.</p>
+
+      <p>The class used to generate random session IDs may be changed with
+      the <strong>randomClass</strong> attribute.</p>
+
+      <p>The length of the session ID may be changed with the
+      <strong>sessionIdLength</strong> attribute.</p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="System Properties"><!--()--></a><a name="System_Properties"><strong>System Properties</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>Setting <strong>org.apache.catalina.connector.RECYCLE_FACADES</strong>
+    system property to <code>true</code> will cause a new facade object to be
+    created for each request. This reduces the chances of a bug in an
+    application exposing data from one request to another.</p>
+
+    <p>The <strong>
+    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.ALLOW_BACKSLASH</strong> and
+    <strong>org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UDecoder.ALLOW_ENCODED_SLASH</strong>
+    system properties allow non-standard parsing of the request URI. Using
+    these options when behind a reverse proxy may enable an attacker to bypass
+    any security constraints enforced by the proxy.</p>
+
+    <p>The <strong>
+    org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.ENFORCE_ENCODING_IN_GET_WRITER
+    </strong> system property has security implications if disabled. Many user
+    agents, in breach of RFC2616, try to guess the character encoding of text
+    media types when the specification-mandated default of ISO-8859-1 should be
+    used. Some browsers will interpret as UTF-7 a response containing characters
+    that are safe for ISO-8859-1 but trigger an XSS vulnerability if interpreted
+    as UTF-7.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="web.xml"><strong>web.xml</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>This applies to the default <code>conf/web.xml</code> file and
+    <code>WEB-INF/web.xml</code> files in web applications if they define
+    the components mentioned here.</p>
+
+    <p>The <a href="default-servlet.html">DefaultServlet</a> is configured
+    with <strong>readonly</strong> set to
+    <code>true</code>. Changing this to <code>false</code> allows clients to
+    delete or modify static resources on the server and to upload new
+    resources. This should not normally be changed without requiring
+    authentication.</p>
+
+    <p>The DefaultServlet is configured with <strong>listings</strong> set to
+    <code>false</code>. This isn't because allowing directory listings is
+    considered unsafe but because generating listings of directories with
+    thousands of files can consume significant CPU leading to a DOS attack.
+    </p>
+
+    <p><a href="config/filter.html">FailedRequestFilter</a>
+    can be configured and used to reject requests that had errors during
+    request parameter parsing. Without the filter the default behaviour is
+    to ignore invalid or excessive parameters.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="General"><strong>General</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>BASIC and FORM authentication pass user names and passwords in clear
+    text. Web applications using these authentication mechanisms with clients
+    connecting over untrusted networks should use SSL.</p>
+
+    <p>The session cookie for a session with an authenticated user are nearly
+    as useful as the user's password to an attacker and in nearly all
+    circumstances should be afforded the same level of protection as the
+    password itself. This usually means authenticating over SSL and continuing
+    to use SSL until the session ends.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Security Manager HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Glenn Nielsen"><meta name="author" content="Jean-Francois Arcand"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Security Manager HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Background">Background</a></li><li><a href="#Permissions">Permissions</a><ol><li><a href="#Standard_Permissions">Standard Permissions</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat_Custom_Permissions">Tomcat Custom Permissions</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Configuring_Tomcat_With_A_SecurityManager">Configuring Tomcat With A SecurityManager</a></li><li><a href="#Configuring_Package_Protection_in_Tomcat">Configuring Package Protection in Tomcat</a></li><li><a href="#Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Background"><strong>Background</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>The Java <strong>SecurityManager</strong> is what allows a web browser
+  to run an applet in its own sandbox to prevent untrusted code from
+  accessing files on the local file system, connecting to a host other
+  than the one the applet was loaded from, and so on.  In the same way
+  the SecurityManager protects you from an untrusted applet running in
+  your browser, use of a SecurityManager while running Tomcat can protect
+  your server from trojan servlets, JSPs, JSP beans, and tag libraries.
+  Or even inadvertent mistakes.</p>
+
+  <p>Imagine if someone who is authorized to publish JSPs on your site
+  inadvertently included the following in their JSP:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;% System.exit(1); %&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <p>Every time this JSP was executed by Tomcat, Tomcat would exit.
+  Using the Java SecurityManager is just one more line of defense a
+  system administrator can use to keep the server secure and reliable.</p>
+
+  <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - A security audit
+  have been conducted using the Tomcat codebase. Most of the critical
+  package have been protected and a new security package protection mechanism
+  has been implemented. Still, make sure that you are satisfied with your SecurityManager
+  configuration before allowing untrusted users to publish web applications,
+  JSPs, servlets, beans, or tag libraries.  <strong>However, running with a
+  SecurityManager is definitely better than running without one.</strong></p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Permissions"><strong>Permissions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Permission classes are used to define what Permissions a class loaded
+  by Tomcat will have.  There are a number of Permission classes that are
+  a standard part of the JDK, and you can create your own Permission class
+  for use in your own web applications.  Both techniques are used in
+  Tomcat.</p>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Standard Permissions"><!--()--></a><a name="Standard_Permissions"><strong>Standard Permissions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>This is just a short summary of the standard system SecurityManager
+    Permission classes applicable to Tomcat.  See
+    <a href="http://java.sun.com/security/">http://java.sun.com/security/</a>
+    for more information.</p>
+
+    <ul>
+    <li><strong>java.util.PropertyPermission</strong> - Controls read/write
+        access to JVM properties such as <code>java.home</code>.</li>
+    <li><strong>java.lang.RuntimePermission</strong> - Controls use of
+        some System/Runtime functions like <code>exit()</code> and
+        <code>exec()</code>. Also control the package access/definition.</li>
+    <li><strong>java.io.FilePermission</strong> - Controls read/write/execute
+        access to files and directories.</li>
+    <li><strong>java.net.SocketPermission</strong> - Controls use of
+        network sockets.</li>
+    <li><strong>java.net.NetPermission</strong> - Controls use of
+        multicast network connections.</li>
+    <li><strong>java.lang.reflect.ReflectPermission</strong> - Controls
+        use of reflection to do class introspection.</li>
+    <li><strong>java.security.SecurityPermission</strong> - Controls access
+        to Security methods.</li>
+    <li><strong>java.security.AllPermission</strong> - Allows access to all
+        permissions, just as if you were running Tomcat without a
+        SecurityManager.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat Custom Permissions"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_Custom_Permissions"><strong>Tomcat Custom Permissions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Tomcat utilizes a custom permission class called
+    <strong>org.apache.naming.JndiPermission</strong>.  This permission
+    controls read access to JNDI named file based resources.  The permission
+    name is the JNDI name and there are no actions.  A trailing "*" can be
+    used to do wild card matching for a JNDI named file resource when
+    granting permission.  For example, you might include the following
+    in your policy file:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+permission  org.apache.naming.JndiPermission  "jndi://localhost/examples/*";
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>A Permission entry like this is generated dynamically for each web
+    application that is deployed, to allow it to read its own static resources
+    but disallow it from using file access to read any other files (unless
+    permissions for those files are explicitly granted).</p>
+
+    <p>Also, Tomcat always dynamically creates the following file permissions:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+permission java.io.FilePermission "** your application context**", "read";
+
+permission java.io.FilePermission
+  "** application working directory**", "read,write";
+permission java.io.FilePermission
+  "** application working directory**/-", "read,write,delete";
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>Where **your application context** equals the folder (or WAR file) under which
+    your application has been deployed and **application working directory** is the
+    temporary directory provided to your application as required by the
+    Servlet Specification.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuring Tomcat With A SecurityManager"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuring_Tomcat_With_A_SecurityManager"><strong>Configuring Tomcat With A SecurityManager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <h3>Policy File Format</h3>
+
+  <p>The security policies implemented by the Java SecurityManager are
+  configured in the <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.policy</code> file.
+  This file completely replaces the <code>java.policy</code> file present
+  in your JDK system directories.  The <code>catalina.policy</code> file
+  can be edited by hand, or you can use the
+  <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/security/PolicyGuide.html">policytool</a>
+  application that comes with Java 1.2 or later.</p>
+
+  <p>Entries in the <code>catalina.policy</code> file use the standard
+  <code>java.policy</code> file format, as follows:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+// Example policy file entry
+
+grant [signedBy &lt;signer&gt;,] [codeBase &lt;code source&gt;] {
+  permission  &lt;class&gt;  [&lt;name&gt; [, &lt;action list&gt;]];
+};
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <p>The <strong>signedBy</strong> and <strong>codeBase</strong> entries are
+  optional when granting permissions.  Comment lines begin with "//" and
+  end at the end of the current line.  The <code>codeBase</code> is in the
+  form of a URL, and for a file URL can use the <code>${java.home}</code>
+  and <code>${catalina.home}</code> properties (which are expanded out to
+  the directory paths defined for them by the <code>JAVA_HOME</code>,
+  <code>CATALINA_HOME</code> and <code>CATALINA_BASE</code> environment
+  variables).</p>
+
+  <h3>The Default Policy File</h3>
+
+  <p>The default <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.policy</code> file
+  looks like this:</p>
+
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+// contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+// this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+// The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+// (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+// the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// ============================================================================
+// catalina.policy - Security Policy Permissions for Tomcat 7
+//
+// This file contains a default set of security policies to be enforced (by the
+// JVM) when Catalina is executed with the "-security" option.  In addition
+// to the permissions granted here, the following additional permissions are
+// granted to each web application:
+//
+// * Read access to the web application's document root directory
+// * Read, write and delete access to the web application's working directory
+//
+// $Id: catalina.policy 1460221 2013-03-23 20:17:29Z kkolinko $
+// ============================================================================
+
+
+// ========== SYSTEM CODE PERMISSIONS =========================================
+
+
+// These permissions apply to javac
+grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/lib/-" {
+        permission java.security.AllPermission;
+};
+
+// These permissions apply to all shared system extensions
+grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/jre/lib/ext/-" {
+        permission java.security.AllPermission;
+};
+
+// These permissions apply to javac when ${java.home] points at $JAVA_HOME/jre
+grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/../lib/-" {
+        permission java.security.AllPermission;
+};
+
+// These permissions apply to all shared system extensions when
+// ${java.home} points at $JAVA_HOME/jre
+grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/lib/ext/-" {
+        permission java.security.AllPermission;
+};
+
+
+// ========== CATALINA CODE PERMISSIONS =======================================
+
+
+// These permissions apply to the daemon code
+grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/bin/commons-daemon.jar" {
+        permission java.security.AllPermission;
+};
+
+// These permissions apply to the logging API
+// Note: If tomcat-juli.jar is in ${catalina.base} and not in ${catalina.home},
+// update this section accordingly.
+//  grant codeBase "file:${catalina.base}/bin/tomcat-juli.jar" {..}
+grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/bin/tomcat-juli.jar" {
+        permission java.io.FilePermission
+         "${java.home}${file.separator}lib${file.separator}logging.properties", "read";
+
+        permission java.io.FilePermission
+         "${catalina.base}${file.separator}conf${file.separator}logging.properties", "read";
+        permission java.io.FilePermission
+         "${catalina.base}${file.separator}logs", "read, write";
+        permission java.io.FilePermission
+         "${catalina.base}${file.separator}logs${file.separator}*", "read, write";
+
+        permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "shutdownHooks";
+        permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "getClassLoader";
+        permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "setContextClassLoader";
+
+        permission java.util.logging.LoggingPermission "control";
+
+        permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.util.logging.config.class", "read";
+        permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.util.logging.config.file", "read";
+        permission java.util.PropertyPermission "catalina.base", "read";
+
+        // Note: To enable per context logging configuration, permit read access to
+        // the appropriate file. Be sure that the logging configuration is
+        // secure before enabling such access.
+        // E.g. for the examples web application (uncomment and unwrap
+        // the following to be on a single line):
+        // permission java.io.FilePermission "${catalina.base}${file.separator}
+        //  webapps${file.separator}examples${file.separator}WEB-INF
+        //  ${file.separator}classes${file.separator}logging.properties", "read";
+};
+
+// These permissions apply to the server startup code
+grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/bin/bootstrap.jar" {
+        permission java.security.AllPermission;
+};
+
+// These permissions apply to the servlet API classes
+// and those that are shared across all class loaders
+// located in the "lib" directory
+grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/lib/-" {
+        permission java.security.AllPermission;
+};
+
+
+// If using a per instance lib directory, i.e. ${catalina.base}/lib,
+// then the following permission will need to be uncommented
+// grant codeBase "file:${catalina.base}/lib/-" {
+//         permission java.security.AllPermission;
+// };
+
+
+// ========== WEB APPLICATION PERMISSIONS =====================================
+
+
+// These permissions are granted by default to all web applications
+// In addition, a web application will be given a read FilePermission
+// and JndiPermission for all files and directories in its document root.
+grant {
+    // Required for JNDI lookup of named JDBC DataSource's and
+    // javamail named MimePart DataSource used to send mail
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.home", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.naming.*", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "javax.sql.*", "read";
+
+    // OS Specific properties to allow read access
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "os.name", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "os.version", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "os.arch", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "file.separator", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "path.separator", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "line.separator", "read";
+
+    // JVM properties to allow read access
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.version", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vendor", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vendor.url", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.class.version", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.specification.version", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.specification.vendor", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.specification.name", "read";
+
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.specification.version", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.specification.vendor", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.specification.name", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.version", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.vendor", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.name", "read";
+
+    // Required for OpenJMX
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "getAttribute";
+
+    // Allow read of JAXP compliant XML parser debug
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission "jaxp.debug", "read";
+
+    // All JSPs need to be able to read this package
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.tomcat";
+
+    // Precompiled JSPs need access to these packages.
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.jasper.el";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.jasper.runtime";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission
+     "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.jasper.runtime.*";
+
+    // Precompiled JSPs need access to these system properties.
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission
+     "org.apache.jasper.runtime.BodyContentImpl.LIMIT_BUFFER", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission
+     "org.apache.el.parser.COERCE_TO_ZERO", "read";
+
+    // The cookie code needs these.
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission
+     "org.apache.catalina.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission
+     "org.apache.tomcat.util.http.ServerCookie.STRICT_NAMING", "read";
+    permission java.util.PropertyPermission
+     "org.apache.tomcat.util.http.ServerCookie.FWD_SLASH_IS_SEPARATOR", "read";
+
+    // Applications using Comet need to be able to access this package
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.comet";
+
+    // Applications using WebSocket need to be able to access this package
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.websocket";
+};
+
+
+// The Manager application needs access to the following packages to support the
+// session display functionality. These settings support the following
+// configurations:
+// - default CATALINA_HOME == CATALINA_BASE
+// - CATALINA_HOME != CATALINA_BASE, per instance Manager in CATALINA_BASE
+// - CATALINA_HOME != CATALINA_BASE, shared Manager in CATALINA_HOME
+grant codeBase "file:${catalina.base}/webapps/manager/-" {
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.ha.session";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.manager";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.manager.util";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.util";
+};
+grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/webapps/manager/-" {
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.ha.session";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.manager";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.manager.util";
+    permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.catalina.util";
+};
+
+// You can assign additional permissions to particular web applications by
+// adding additional "grant" entries here, based on the code base for that
+// application, /WEB-INF/classes/, or /WEB-INF/lib/ jar files.
+//
+// Different permissions can be granted to JSP pages, classes loaded from
+// the /WEB-INF/classes/ directory, all jar files in the /WEB-INF/lib/
+// directory, or even to individual jar files in the /WEB-INF/lib/ directory.
+//
+// For instance, assume that the standard "examples" application
+// included a JDBC driver that needed to establish a network connection to the
+// corresponding database and used the scrape taglib to get the weather from
+// the NOAA web server.  You might create a "grant" entries like this:
+//
+// The permissions granted to the context root directory apply to JSP pages.
+// grant codeBase "file:${catalina.base}/webapps/examples/-" {
+//      permission java.net.SocketPermission "dbhost.mycompany.com:5432", "connect";
+//      permission java.net.SocketPermission "*.noaa.gov:80", "connect";
+// };
+//
+// The permissions granted to the context WEB-INF/classes directory
+// grant codeBase "file:${catalina.base}/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/-" {
+// };
+//
+// The permission granted to your JDBC driver
+// grant codeBase "jar:file:${catalina.base}/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/driver.jar!/-" {
+//      permission java.net.SocketPermission "dbhost.mycompany.com:5432", "connect";
+// };
+// The permission granted to the scrape taglib
+// grant codeBase "jar:file:${catalina.base}/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/scrape.jar!/-" {
+//      permission java.net.SocketPermission "*.noaa.gov:80", "connect";
+// };
+
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <h3>Starting Tomcat With A SecurityManager</h3>
+
+  <p>Once you have configured the <code>catalina.policy</code> file for use
+  with a SecurityManager, Tomcat can be started with a SecurityManager in
+  place by using the "-security" option:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+$CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh start -security    (Unix)
+%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina start -security      (Windows)
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuring Package Protection in Tomcat"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuring_Package_Protection_in_Tomcat"><strong>Configuring Package Protection in Tomcat</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Starting with Tomcat 5, it is now possible to configure which Tomcat
+  internal package are protected againts package definition and access. See
+  <a href="http://java.sun.com/security/seccodeguide.html">
+    http://java.sun.com/security/seccodeguide.html</a>
+    for more information.</p>
+
+
+  <p><strong>WARNING</strong>: Be aware that removing the default package protection
+  could possibly open a security hole</p>
+
+  <h3>The Default Properties File</h3>
+
+  <p>The default <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties</code> file
+  looks like this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+#
+# List of comma-separated packages that start with or equal this string
+# will cause a security exception to be thrown when
+# passed to checkPackageAccess unless the
+# corresponding RuntimePermission ("accessClassInPackage."+package) has
+# been granted.
+package.access=sun.,org.apache.catalina.,org.apache.coyote.,org.apache.tomcat.,
+org.apache.jasper.
+#
+# List of comma-separated packages that start with or equal this string
+# will cause a security exception to be thrown when
+# passed to checkPackageDefinition unless the
+# corresponding RuntimePermission ("defineClassInPackage."+package) has
+# been granted.
+#
+# by default, no packages are restricted for definition, and none of
+# the class loaders supplied with the JDK call checkPackageDefinition.
+#
+package.definition=sun.,java.,org.apache.catalina.,org.apache.coyote.,
+org.apache.tomcat.,org.apache.jasper.
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  <p>Once you have configured the <code>catalina.properties</code> file for use
+  with a SecurityManager, remember to re-start Tomcat.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Troubleshooting"><strong>Troubleshooting</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>If your web application attempts to execute an operation that is
+  prohibited by lack of a required Permission, it will throw an
+  <code>AccessControLException</code> or a <code>SecurityException</code>
+  when the SecurityManager detects the violation.  Debugging the permission
+  that is missing can be challenging, and one option is to turn on debug
+  output of all security decisions that are made during execution.  This
+  is done by setting a system property before starting Tomcat.  The easiest
+  way to do this is via the <code>CATALINA_OPTS</code> environment variable.
+  Execute this command:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+export CATALINA_OPTS=-Djava.security.debug=all    (Unix)
+set CATALINA_OPTS=-Djava.security.debug=all       (Windows)
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+  <p>before starting Tomcat.</p>
+
+  <p><strong>WARNING</strong> - This will generate <em>many megabytes</em>
+  of output!  However, it can help you track down problems by searching
+  for the word "FAILED" and determining which permission was being checked
+  for.  See the Java security documentation for more options that you can
+  specify here as well.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/security-manager-howto.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/servletapi/index.html b/webapps/docs/servletapi/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab0da83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/servletapi/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+    <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+    <title>API docs</title>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+
+The Servlet Javadoc is not installed by default. Download and install
+the "fulldocs" package to get it.
+
+You can also access the javadoc online in the Tomcat
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/">
+documentation bundle</a>.
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/docs/setup.html b/webapps/docs/setup.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c053de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/setup.html
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Tomcat Setup</title><meta name="author" content="Remy Maucherat"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Tomcat Setup</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Windows">Windows</a></li><li><a href="#Unix_daemon">Unix daemon</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      There are several ways to set up Tomcat for running on different
+      platforms. The main documentation for this is a file called
+      <a href="RUNNING.txt">RUNNING.txt</a>. We encourage you to refer to that
+      file if the information below does not answer some of your questions.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Windows"><strong>Windows</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>
+      Installing Tomcat on Windows can be done easily using the Windows
+      installer. Its interface and functionality is similar to other wizard
+      based installers, with only a few items of interest.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <ul>
+        <li><strong>Installation as a service</strong>: Tomcat will be
+            installed as a Windows service no matter what setting is selected.
+            Using the checkbox on the component page sets the service as "auto"
+            startup, so that Tomcat is automatically started when Windows
+            starts. For optimal security, the service should be run as a
+            separate user, with reduced permissions (see the Windows Services
+            administration tool and its documentation).</li>
+        <li><strong>Java location</strong>: The installer will provide a default
+            JRE to use to run the service. The installer uses the registry to
+            determine the base path of a Java 6 or later JRE, including the JRE
+            installed as part of the full JDK. When running on a 64-bit
+            operating system, the installer will first look for a 64-bit JRE and
+            only look for a 32-bit JRE if a 64-bit JRE is not found. It is not
+            mandatory to use the default JRE detected by the installer. Any
+            installed Java 6 or later JRE (32-bit or 64-bit) may be used.</li>
+        <li><strong>Tray icon</strong>: When Tomcat is run as a service, there
+            will not be any tray icon present when Tomcat is running. Note that
+            when choosing to run Tomcat at the end of installation, the tray
+            icon will be used even if Tomcat was installed as a service.</li>
+        <li>Refer to the
+            <a href="windows-service-howto.html">Windows Service HOW-TO</a>
+            for information on how to manage Tomcat as a Windows service.
+            </li>
+      </ul>
+    </p>
+
+    <p>The installer will create shortcuts allowing starting and configuring
+       Tomcat. It is important to note that the Tomcat administration web
+       application can only be used when Tomcat is running.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Unix daemon"><!--()--></a><a name="Unix_daemon"><strong>Unix daemon</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <p>Tomcat can be run as a daemon using the jsvc tool from the
+       commons-daemon project. Source tarballs for jsvc are included with the
+       Tomcat binaries, and need to be compiled. Building jsvc requires
+       a C ANSI compiler (such as GCC), GNU Autoconf, and a JDK.</p>
+
+    <p>Before running the script, the <code>JAVA_HOME</code> environment
+       variable should be set to the base path of the JDK. Alternately, when
+       calling the <code>./configure</code> script, the path of the JDK may
+       be specified using the <code>--with-java</code> parameter, such as
+       <code>./configure --with-java=/usr/java</code>.</p>
+
+    <p>Using the following commands should result in a compiled jsvc binary,
+       located in the <code>$CATALINA_HOME/bin</code> folder. This assumes
+       that GNU TAR is used, and that <code>CATALINA_HOME</code> is an
+       environment variable pointing to the base path of the Tomcat
+       installation.</p>
+
+    <p>Please note that you should use the GNU make (gmake) instead of
+       the native BSD make on FreeBSD systems.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+    cd $CATALINA_HOME/bin
+    tar xvfz commons-daemon-native.tar.gz
+    cd commons-daemon-1.0.x-native-src/unix
+    ./configure
+    make
+    cp jsvc ../..
+    cd ../..
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>Tomcat can then be run as a daemon using the following commands.</p>
+
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+    CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_HOME
+    cd $CATALINA_HOME
+    ./bin/jsvc \
+        -classpath $CATALINA_HOME/bin/bootstrap.jar:$CATALINA_HOME/bin/tomcat-juli.jar \
+        -outfile $CATALINA_BASE/logs/catalina.out \
+        -errfile $CATALINA_BASE/logs/catalina.err \
+        -Dcatalina.home=$CATALINA_HOME \
+        -Dcatalina.base=$CATALINA_BASE \
+        -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager \
+        -Djava.util.logging.config.file=$CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties \
+        org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+    <p>You may also need to specify <code>-jvm server</code> if the JVM defaults
+       to using a server VM rather than a client VM. This has been observed on
+       OSX.</p>
+
+    <p>jsvc has other useful parameters, such as <code>-user</code> which
+       causes it to switch to another user after the daemon initialization is
+       complete. This allows, for example, running Tomcat as a non privileged
+       user while still being able to use privileged ports. Note that if you
+       use this option and start Tomcat as root, you'll need to disable the
+       <code>org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener</code> check that
+       prevents Tomcat starting when running as root.</p>
+
+    <p><code>jsvc --help</code> will return the full jsvc usage
+       information. In particular, the <code>-debug</code> option is useful
+       to debug issues running jsvc.</p>
+
+    <p>The file <code>$CATALINA_HOME/bin/daemon.sh</code> can be used as a
+       template for starting Tomcat automatically at boot time from
+       <code>/etc/init.d</code> with jsvc.</p>
+
+    <p>Note that the Commons-Daemon JAR file must be on your runtime classpath
+       to run Tomcat in this manner.  The Commons-Daemon JAR file is in the
+       Class-Path entry of the bootstrap.jar manifest, but if you get a
+       ClassNotFoundException or a NoClassDefFoundError for a Commons-Daemon
+       class, add the Commons-Daemon JAR to the -cp argument when launching
+       jsvc.</p>
+
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - SSI How To</title><meta name="author" content="Glenn L. Nielsen"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>SSI How To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li><li><a href="#Servlet_Configuration">Servlet Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Filter_Configuration">Filter Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Directives">Directives</a></li><li><a href="#Variables">Variables</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>SSI (Server Side Includes) are directives that are placed in HTML pages,
+and evaluated on the server while the pages are being served. They let you
+add dynamically generated content to an existing HTML page, without having
+to serve the entire page via a CGI program, or other dynamic technology.
+</p>
+
+<p>Within Tomcat SSI support can be added when using Tomcat as your
+HTTP server and you require SSI support.  Typically this is done
+during development when you don't want to run a web server like Apache.</p>
+
+<p>Tomcat SSI support implements the same SSI directives as Apache.  See the
+<a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/howto/ssi.html#basicssidirectives">
+Apache Introduction to SSI</a> for information on using SSI directives.</p>
+
+<p>SSI support is available as a servlet and as a filter. You should use one
+or the other to provide SSI support but not both.</p>
+
+<p>Servlet based SSI support is implemented using the class
+<code>org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServlet</code>.  Traditionally, this servlet
+is mapped to the URL pattern "*.shtml".</p>
+
+<p>Filter based SSI support is implemented using the class
+<code>org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIFilter</code>.  Traditionally, this filter
+is mapped to the URL pattern "*.shtml", though it can be mapped to "*" as
+it will selectively enable/disable SSI processing based on mime types.  The
+contentType init param allows you to apply SSI processing to JSP pages,
+javascript, or any other content you wish.</p>
+<p>By default SSI support is disabled in Tomcat.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p><strong>CAUTION</strong> - SSI directives can be used to execute programs
+external to the Tomcat JVM. If you are using the Java SecurityManager this
+will bypass your security policy configuration in <code>catalina.policy.</code>
+</p>
+
+<p>To use the SSI servlet, remove the XML comments from around the SSI servlet
+and servlet-mapping configuration in
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>.</p>
+
+<p>To use the SSI filter, remove the XML comments from around the SSI filter
+and filter-mapping configuration in
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>.</p>
+
+<p>Only Contexts which are marked as privileged may use SSI features (see the
+privileged property of the Context element).</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Servlet Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="Servlet_Configuration"><strong>Servlet Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>There are several servlet init parameters which can be used to
+configure the behaviour of the SSI servlet.
+<ul>
+<li><strong>buffered</strong> - Should output from this servlet be buffered?
+(0=false, 1=true) Default 0 (false).</li>
+<li><strong>debug</strong> - Debugging detail level for messages logged
+by this servlet. Default 0.</li>
+<li><strong>expires</strong> - The number of seconds before a page with SSI
+directives will expire. Default behaviour is for all SSI directives to be
+evaluated for every request.</li>
+<li><strong>isVirtualWebappRelative</strong> - Should "virtual" SSI directive
+paths be interpreted as relative to the context root, instead of the server
+root? Default false.</li>
+<li><strong>inputEncoding</strong> - The encoding to be assumed for SSI
+resources if one cannot be determined from the resource itself. Default is
+the default platform encoding.</li>
+<li><strong>outputEncoding</strong> - The encoding to be used for the result
+of the SSI processing. Default is UTF-8.</li>
+<li><strong>allowExec</strong> - Is the exec command enabled? Default is
+false.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Filter Configuration"><!--()--></a><a name="Filter_Configuration"><strong>Filter Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>There are several filter init parameters which can be used to
+configure the behaviour of the SSI filter.
+<ul>
+<li><strong>contentType</strong> - A regex pattern that must be matched before
+SSI processing is applied. When crafting your own pattern, don't forget that a
+mime content type may be followed by an optional character set in the form
+"mime/type; charset=set" that you must take into account.  Default is
+"text/x-server-parsed-html(;.*)?".</li>
+<li><strong>debug</strong> - Debugging detail level for messages logged
+by this servlet. Default 0.</li>
+<li><strong>expires</strong> - The number of seconds before a page with SSI
+directives will expire. Default behaviour is for all SSI directives to be
+evaluated for every request.</li>
+<li><strong>isVirtualWebappRelative</strong> - Should "virtual" SSI directive
+paths be interpreted as relative to the context root, instead of the server
+root? Default false.</li>
+<li><strong>allowExec</strong> - Is the exec command enabled? Default is
+false.</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Directives"><strong>Directives</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Server Side Includes are invoked by embedding SSI directives in an HTML document
+ whose type will be processed by the SSI servlet. The directives take the form of an HTML
+ comment. The directive is replaced by the results of interpreting it before sending the
+ page to the client. The general form of a directive is: </p>
+<p> <code>&lt;!--#directive [parm=value] --&gt;</code></p>
+<p>The directives are:
+<ul>
+<li>
+<strong>config</strong> - <code>&lt;!--#config timefmt="%B %Y" --&gt;</code>
+Used to set the format of dates and other items processed by SSI
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>echo</strong> -   <code>&lt;!--#echo var="VARIABLE_NAME" --&gt;</code>
+will be replaced by the value of the variable.
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>exec</strong> -  Used to run commands on the host system.
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>include</strong> -  <code>&lt;!--#include virtual="file-name" --&gt;</code>
+inserts the contents
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>flastmod</strong> - <code>&lt;!--#flastmod file="filename.shtml" --&gt;</code>
+Returns the time that a file was lost modified.
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>fsize</strong> - <code>&lt;!--#fsize file="filename.shtml" --&gt;</code>
+Returns the size of a file.
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>printenv</strong> - <code>&lt;!--#printenv --&gt;</code>
+Returns the list of all the defined variables.
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>set</strong> - <code>&lt;!--#set var="foo" value="Bar" --&gt;</code>
+is used to assign a value to a user-defind variable.
+</li>
+<li>
+<strong>if elif endif else</strong> - Used to create conditional sections. For example:</li>
+<code>&lt;!--#config timefmt="%A" --&gt;<br>
+  &lt;!--#if expr="$DATE_LOCAL = /Monday/" --&gt;<br>
+  &lt;p&gt;Meeting at 10:00 on Mondays&lt;/p&gt;<br>
+  &lt;!--#elif expr="$DATE_LOCAL = /Friday/" --&gt;<br>
+  &lt;p&gt;Turn in your time card&lt;/p&gt;<br>
+  &lt;!--#else --&gt;<br>
+  &lt;p&gt;Yoga class at noon.&lt;/p&gt;<br>
+  &lt;!--#endif --&gt;</code>
+ </ul>
+</p>
+See the
+<p> <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/howto/ssi.html#basicssidirectives">
+Apache Introduction to SSI</a> for more information on using SSI directives.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Variables"><strong>Variables</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>The SSI servlet currently implements the following variables:
+</p>
+<table border="1">
+<tr>
+<th>Variable Name</th>
+<th>Description</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>AUTH_TYPE</td>
+<td>
+  The type of authentication used for this user: BASIC, FORM, etc.</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>CONTENT_LENGTH</td>
+<td>
+  The length of the data (in bytes or the number of
+  characters) passed from a form.</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>CONTENT_TYPE</td>
+<td>
+  The MIME type of the query data, such as "text/html".</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>DATE_GMT</td>
+<td>
+Current date and time in GMT</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>DATE_LOCAL</td>
+<td>
+Current date and time in the local time zone</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>DOCUMENT_NAME</td>
+<td>
+The current file</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>DOCUMENT_URI</td>
+<td>
+Virtual path to the file</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>GATEWAY_INTERFACE</td>
+<td>
+  The revision of the Common Gateway Interface that the
+  server uses if enabled: "CGI/1.1".</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>HTTP_ACCEPT</td>
+<td>
+  A list of the MIME types that the client can accept.</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING</td>
+<td>
+  A list of the compression types that the client can accept.</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE</td>
+<td>
+  A list of the languages that the client can accept.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>HTTP_CONNECTION</td>
+<td>
+  The way that the connection from the client is being managed:
+  "Close" or "Keep-Alive".</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>HTTP_HOST</td>
+<td>
+  The web site that the client requested.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>HTTP_REFERER</td>
+<td>
+  The URL of the document that the client linked from.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>HTTP_USER_AGENT</td>
+<td>
+  The browser the client is using to issue the request.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>LAST_MODIFIED</td>
+<td>
+Last modification date and time for current file</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>PATH_INFO</td>
+<td>
+  Extra path information passed to a servlet.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>PATH_TRANSLATED</td>
+<td>
+  The translated version of the path given by the
+  variable PATH_INFO.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>QUERY_STRING</td>
+<td>
+The query string that follows the "?" in the URL.
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>QUERY_STRING_UNESCAPED</td>
+<td>
+Undecoded query string with all shell metacharacters escaped
+with "\"</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>REMOTE_ADDR</td>
+<td>
+  The remote IP address of the user making the request.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>REMOTE_HOST</td>
+<td>
+  The remote hostname of the user making the request.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>REMOTE_PORT</td>
+<td>
+  The port number at remote IP address of the user making the request.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>REMOTE_USER</td>
+<td>
+  The authenticated name of the user.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>REQUEST_METHOD</td>
+<td>
+  The method with which the information request was
+  issued: "GET", "POST" etc.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>REQUEST_URI</td>
+<td>
+  The web page originally requested by the client.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>SCRIPT_FILENAME</td>
+<td>
+  The location of the current web page on the server.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>SCRIPT_NAME</td>
+<td>
+  The name of the web page.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>SERVER_ADDR</td>
+<td>
+  The server's IP address.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>SERVER_NAME</td>
+<td>
+  The server's hostname or IP address.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>SERVER_PORT</td>
+<td>
+  The port on which the server received the request.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>SERVER_PROTOCOL</td>
+<td>
+  The protocol used by the server. E.g. "HTTP/1.1".</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>SERVER_SOFTWARE</td>
+<td>
+  The name and version of the server software that is
+  answering the client request.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>UNIQUE_ID</td>
+<td>
+  A token used to identify the current session if one
+  has been established.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - SSL Configuration HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Christopher Cain"><meta name="author" content="Yoav Shapira"><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
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+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>SSL Configuration HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Quick_Start">Quick Start</a></li><li><a href="#Introduction_to_SSL">Introduction to SSL</a></li><li><a href="#SSL_and_Tomcat">SSL and Tomcat</a></li><li><a href="#Certificates">Certificates</a></li><li><a href="#General_Tips_on_Running_SSL">General Tips on Running SSL</a></li><li><a href="#Configuration">Configuration</a><ol><li><a href="#Prepare_the_Certificate_Keystore">Prepare the Certificate Keystore</a></li><li><a href="#Edit_the_Tomcat_Configuration_File">Edit the Tomcat Configuration File</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Installing_a_Certificate_from_a_Certificate_Authority">Installing a Certificate from a Certificate Authority</a><ol><li><a href="#Create_a_local_Certificate_Signing_Request_(CSR)">Create a local Certificate Signing Request (CSR)</a></li><li><a href="#Importing_the_Certificate">Importing the Certificate</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li><li><a href="#Using_the_SSL_for_session_tracking_in_your_application">Using the SSL for session tracking in your application</a></li><li><a href="#Miscellaneous_Tips_and_Bits">Miscellaneous Tips and Bits</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Quick Start"><!--()--></a><a name="Quick_Start"><strong>Quick Start</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+    <blockquote><em>
+    <p>The description below uses the variable name $CATALINA_BASE to refer the
+    base directory against which most relative paths are resolved. If you have
+    not configured Tomcat for multiple instances by setting a CATALINA_BASE
+    directory, then $CATALINA_BASE will be set to the value of $CATALINA_HOME,
+    the directory into which you have installed Tomcat.</p>
+    </em></blockquote>
+
+<p>To install and configure SSL support on Tomcat, you need to follow
+these simple steps.  For more information, read the rest of this HOW-TO.</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Create a keystore file to store the server's private key and
+self-signed certificate by executing the following command:
+<p>Windows:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+%JAVA_HOME%\bin\keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>Unix:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+$JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p></p>
+    and specify a password value of "changeit".</li><br><br>
+<li>Uncomment the "SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector" entry in
+    <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> and modify as described in
+    the <a href="#Configuration">Configuration section</a> below.</li>
+    <br><br>
+</ol>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction to SSL"><!--()--></a><a name="Introduction_to_SSL"><strong>Introduction to SSL</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>SSL, or Secure Socket Layer, is a technology which allows web browsers and
+web servers to communicate over a secured connection.  This means that the data
+being sent is encrypted by one side, transmitted, then decrypted by the other
+side before processing.  This is a two-way process, meaning that both the
+server AND the browser encrypt all traffic before sending out data.</p>
+
+<p>Another important aspect of the SSL protocol is Authentication.  This means
+that during your initial attempt to communicate with a web server over a secure
+connection, that server will present your web browser with a set of
+credentials, in the form of a "Certificate", as proof the site is who and what
+it claims to be.  In certain cases, the server may also request a Certificate
+from your web browser, asking for proof that <em>you</em> are who you claim
+to be.  This is known as "Client Authentication," although in practice this is
+used more for business-to-business (B2B) transactions than with individual
+users.  Most SSL-enabled web servers do not request Client Authentication.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SSL and Tomcat"><!--()--></a><a name="SSL_and_Tomcat"><strong>SSL and Tomcat</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>It is important to note that configuring Tomcat to take advantage of
+secure sockets is usually only necessary when running it as a stand-alone
+web server.  When running Tomcat primarily as a Servlet/JSP container behind
+another web server, such as Apache or Microsoft IIS, it is usually necessary
+to configure the primary web server to handle the SSL connections from users.
+Typically, this server will negotiate all SSL-related functionality, then
+pass on any requests destined for the Tomcat container only after decrypting
+those requests.  Likewise, Tomcat will return cleartext responses, that will
+be encrypted before being returned to the user's browser.  In this environment,
+Tomcat knows that communications between the primary web server and the
+client are taking place over a secure connection (because your application
+needs to be able to ask about this), but it does not participate in the
+encryption or decryption itself.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Certificates"><strong>Certificates</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>In order to implement SSL, a web server must have an associated Certificate
+for each external interface (IP address) that accepts secure connections.
+The theory behind this design is that a server should provide some kind of
+reasonable assurance that its owner is who you think it is, particularly
+before receiving any sensitive information.  While a broader explanation of
+Certificates is beyond the scope of this document, think of a Certificate
+as a "digital driver's license" for an Internet address.  It states what
+company the site is associated with, along with some basic contact
+information about the site owner or administrator.</p>
+
+<p>This "driver's license" is cryptographically signed by its owner, and is
+therefore extremely difficult for anyone else to forge.  For sites involved
+in e-commerce, or any other business transaction in which authentication of
+identity is important, a Certificate is typically purchased from a well-known
+<em>Certificate Authority</em> (CA) such as VeriSign or Thawte.  Such
+certificates can be electronically verified -- in effect, the Certificate
+Authority will vouch for the authenticity of the certificates that it grants,
+so you can believe that that Certificate is valid if you trust the Certificate
+Authority that granted it.</p>
+
+<p>In many cases, however, authentication is not really a concern.  An
+administrator may simply want to ensure that the data being transmitted and
+received by the server is private and cannot be snooped by anyone who may be
+eavesdropping on the connection.  Fortunately, Java provides a relatively
+simple command-line tool, called <code>keytool</code>, which can easily create
+a "self-signed" Certificate.  Self-signed Certificates are simply user
+generated Certificates which have not been officially registered with any
+well-known CA, and are therefore not really guaranteed to be authentic at all.
+Again, this may or may not even be important, depending on your needs.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="General Tips on Running SSL"><!--()--></a><a name="General_Tips_on_Running_SSL"><strong>General Tips on Running SSL</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>The first time a user attempts to access a secured page on your site,
+he or she is typically presented with a dialog containing the details of
+the certificate (such as the company and contact name), and asked if he or she
+wishes to accept the Certificate as valid and continue with the transaction.
+Some browsers will provide an option for permanently accepting a given
+Certificate as valid, in which case the user will not be bothered with a
+prompt each time they visit your site.  Other browsers do not provide this
+option.  Once approved by the user, a Certificate will be considered valid
+for at least the entire browser session.</p>
+
+<p>Also, while the SSL protocol was designed to be as efficient as securely
+possible, encryption/decryption is a computationally expensive process from
+a performance standpoint.  It is not strictly necessary to run an entire
+web application over SSL, and indeed a developer can pick and choose which
+pages require a secure connection and which do not.  For a reasonably busy
+site, it is customary to only run certain pages under SSL, namely those
+pages where sensitive information could possibly be exchanged.  This would
+include things like login pages, personal information pages, and shopping
+cart checkouts, where credit card information could possibly be transmitted.
+Any page within an application can be requested over a secure socket by
+simply prefixing the address with <code>https:</code> instead of
+<code>http:</code>.  Any pages which absolutely <strong>require</strong>
+a secure connection should check the protocol type associated with the
+page request and take the appropriate action if <code>https</code> is not
+specified.</p>
+
+<p>Finally, using name-based virtual hosts on a secured connection can be
+problematic.  This is a design limitation of the SSL protocol itself.  The SSL
+handshake, where the client browser accepts the server certificate, must occur
+before the HTTP request is accessed.  As a result, the request information
+containing the virtual host name cannot be determined prior to authentication,
+and it is therefore not possible to assign multiple certificates to a single
+IP address.  If all virtual hosts on a single IP address need to authenticate
+against the same certificate, the addition of multiple virtual hosts should not
+interfere with normal SSL operations on the server.  Be aware, however, that
+most client browsers will compare the server's domain name against the domain
+name listed in the certificate, if any (applicable primarily to official,
+CA-signed certificates).  If the domain names do not match, these browsers will
+display a warning to the client user.  In general, only address-based virtual
+hosts are commonly used with SSL in a production environment.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuration"><strong>Configuration</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Prepare the Certificate Keystore"><!--()--></a><a name="Prepare_the_Certificate_Keystore"><strong>Prepare the Certificate Keystore</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Tomcat currently operates only on <code>JKS</code>, <code>PKCS11</code> or
+<code>PKCS12</code> format keystores.  The <code>JKS</code> format
+is Java's standard "Java KeyStore" format, and is the format created by the
+<code>keytool</code> command-line utility.  This tool is included in the JDK.
+The <code>PKCS12</code> format is an internet standard, and can be manipulated
+via (among other things) OpenSSL and Microsoft's Key-Manager.
+</p>
+
+<p>Each entry in a keystore is identified by an alias string. Whilst many
+keystore implementations treat aliases in a case insensitive manner, case
+sensitive implementations are available. The <code>PKCS11</code> specification,
+for example, requires that aliases are case sensitive. To avoid issues related
+to the case sensitivity of aliases, it is not recommended to use aliases that
+differ only in case.
+</p>
+
+<p>To import an existing certificate into a JKS keystore, please read the
+documentation (in your JDK documentation package) about <code>keytool</code>.
+Note that OpenSSL often adds readable comments before the key,
+<code>keytool</code>does not support that, so remove the OpenSSL comments if
+they exist before importing the key using <code>keytool</code>.
+</p>
+<p>To import an existing certificate signed by your own CA into a PKCS12
+keystore using OpenSSL you would execute a command like:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>openssl pkcs12 -export -in mycert.crt -inkey mykey.key \
+                        -out mycert.p12 -name tomcat -CAfile myCA.crt \
+                        -caname root -chain
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+For more advanced cases, consult the <a href="http://www.openssl.org/">OpenSSL
+documentation</a>.
+</p>
+<p>To create a new keystore from scratch, containing a single self-signed
+Certificate, execute the following from a terminal command line:</p>
+<p>Windows:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+%JAVA_HOME%\bin\keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>Unix:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+$JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>(The RSA algorithm should be preferred as a secure algorithm, and this
+also ensures general compatibility with other servers and components.)</p>
+
+<p>This command will create a new file, in the home directory of the user
+under which you run it, named "<code>.keystore</code>".  To specify a
+different location or filename, add the <code>-keystore</code> parameter,
+followed by the complete pathname to your keystore file,
+to the <code>keytool</code> command shown above.  You will also need to
+reflect this new location in the <code>server.xml</code> configuration file,
+as described later.  For example:</p>
+<p>Windows:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+%JAVA_HOME%\bin\keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA \
+  -keystore \path\to\my\keystore
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>Unix:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+$JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA \
+  -keystore /path/to/my/keystore
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+<p>After executing this command, you will first be prompted for the keystore
+password.  The default password used by Tomcat is "<code>changeit</code>"
+(all lower case), although you can specify a custom password if you like.
+You will also need to specify the custom password in the
+<code>server.xml</code> configuration file, as described later.</p>
+
+<p>Next, you will be prompted for general information about this Certificate,
+such as company, contact name, and so on.  This information will be displayed
+to users who attempt to access a secure page in your application, so make
+sure that the information provided here matches what they will expect.</p>
+
+<p>Finally, you will be prompted for the <em>key password</em>, which is the
+password specifically for this Certificate (as opposed to any other
+Certificates stored in the same keystore file). The <code>keytool</code> prompt
+will tell you that pressing the ENTER key automatically uses the same password
+for the key as the keystore. You are free to use the same password or to select
+a custom one. If you select a different password to the keystore password, you
+will also need to specify the custom password in the <code>server.xml</code>
+configuration file.</p>
+
+<p>If everything was successful, you now have a keystore file with a
+Certificate that can be used by your server.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Edit the Tomcat Configuration File"><!--()--></a><a name="Edit_the_Tomcat_Configuration_File"><strong>Edit the Tomcat Configuration File</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+Tomcat can use two different implementations of SSL:
+<ul>
+<li>the JSSE implementation provided as part of the Java runtime (since 1.4)</li>
+<li>the APR implementation, which uses the OpenSSL engine by default.</li>
+</ul>
+The exact configuration details depend on which implementation is being used.
+The implementation used by Tomcat is chosen automatically unless it is overriden as described below.
+If the installation uses <a href="apr.html">APR</a>
+- i.e. you have installed the Tomcat native library -
+then it will use the APR SSL implementation, otherwise it will use the Java JSSE implementation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+  To avoid auto configuration you can define which implementation to use by specifying a classname
+  in the <b>protocol</b> attribute of the Connector.<br>
+  To define a Java (JSSE) connector, regardless of whether the APR library is loaded or not do:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;!-- Define a blocking Java SSL Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 --&gt;
+&lt;Connector protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
+           port="8443" .../&gt;
+
+&lt;!-- Define a non-blocking Java SSL Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 --&gt;
+&lt;Connector protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
+           port="8443" .../&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+Alternatively, to specify an APR connector (the APR library must be available) use:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;!-- Define a APR SSL Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 --&gt;
+&lt;Connector protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
+           port="8443" .../&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+
+</p>
+
+<p>If you are using APR, you have the option of configuring an alternative engine to OpenSSL.
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"
+          SSLEngine="someengine" SSLRandomSeed="somedevice" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+The default value is
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"
+          SSLEngine="on" SSLRandomSeed="builtin" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+So to use SSL under APR, make sure the SSLEngine attribute is set to something other than <code>off</code>.
+The default value is <code>on</code> and if you specify another value, it has to be a valid engine name.
+<br>
+If you haven't compiled in SSL support into your Tomcat Native library, then you can turn this initialization off
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"
+          SSLEngine="off" /&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+SSLRandomSeed allows to specify a source of entropy. Productive system needs a reliable source of entropy
+but entropy may need a lot of time to be collected therefore test systems could use no blocking entropy
+sources like "/dev/urandom" that will allow quicker starts of Tomcat.
+
+</p>
+
+<p>The final step is to configure the Connector in the
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml</code> file, where
+<code>$CATALINA_BASE</code> represents the base directory for the
+Tomcat instance.  An example <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> element
+for an SSL connector is included in the default <code>server.xml</code>
+file installed with Tomcat.  To configure an SSL connector that uses JSSE, you
+will need to remove the comments and edit it so it looks something like
+this:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;!-- Define a SSL Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 --&gt;
+&lt;Connector
+           protocol="HTTP/1.1"
+           port="8443" maxThreads="200"
+           scheme="https" secure="true" SSLEnabled="true"
+           keystoreFile="${user.home}/.keystore" keystorePass="changeit"
+           clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>
+  The example above will throw an error if you have the APR and the Tomcat
+  Native libraries in your path, as Tomcat will try to use the APR connector.
+  The APR connector uses different attributes for many SSL settings,
+  particularly keys and certificates. An example of an APR configuration is:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;!-- Define a SSL Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 --&gt;
+&lt;Connector
+           protocol="HTTP/1.1"
+           port="8443" maxThreads="200"
+           scheme="https" secure="true" SSLEnabled="true"
+           SSLCertificateFile="/usr/local/ssl/server.crt"
+           SSLCertificateKeyFile="/usr/local/ssl/server.pem"
+           SSLVerifyClient="optional" SSLProtocol="TLSv1"/&gt;
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+
+<p>You will note that the example SSL connector elements are commented out by
+default. You can either remove the comment tags from around the the example SSL
+connector you wish to use or add a new Connector element of your own. In either
+case, you will need to configure the SSL Connector for your requirements
+and environment. The configuration options and information on which attributes
+are mandatory, are documented in the SSL Support section of the
+<a href="config/http.html#SSL Support">HTTP connector</a> configuration
+reference. Make sure that you use the correct attributes for the connector you
+are using. The BIO and NIO connectors use JSSE whereas the APR/native connector
+uses APR.</p>
+
+<p>The <code>port</code> attribute (default value is 8443) is the TCP/IP
+port number on which Tomcat will listen for secure connections.  You can
+change this to any port number you wish (such as to the default port for
+<code>https</code> communications, which is 443).  However, special setup
+(outside the scope of this document) is necessary to run Tomcat on port
+numbers lower than 1024 on many operating systems.</p>
+
+  <blockquote><em>
+  <p>If you change the port number here, you should also change the
+  value specified for the <code>redirectPort</code> attribute on the
+  non-SSL connector.  This allows Tomcat to automatically redirect
+  users who attempt to access a page with a security constraint specifying
+  that SSL is required, as required by the Servlet Specification.</p>
+  </em></blockquote>
+
+<p>After completing these configuration changes, you must restart Tomcat as
+you normally do, and you should be in business.  You should be able to access
+any web application supported by Tomcat via SSL.  For example, try:</p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+https://localhost:8443
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+<p>and you should see the usual Tomcat splash page (unless you have modified
+the ROOT web application).  If this does not work, the following section
+contains some troubleshooting tips.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installing a Certificate from a Certificate Authority"><!--()--></a><a name="Installing_a_Certificate_from_a_Certificate_Authority"><strong>Installing a Certificate from a Certificate Authority</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>To obtain and install a Certificate from a Certificate Authority (like verisign.com, thawte.com
+or trustcenter.de), read the previous section and then follow these instructions:</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Create a local Certificate Signing Request (CSR)"><!--()--></a><a name="Create_a_local_Certificate_Signing_Request_(CSR)"><strong>Create a local Certificate Signing Request (CSR)</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>In order to obtain a Certificate from the Certificate Authority of your choice
+you have to create a so called Certificate Signing Request (CSR). That CSR will be used
+by the Certificate Authority to create a Certificate that will identify your website
+as "secure". To create a CSR follow these steps:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Create a local Certificate (as described in the previous section):
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA \
+    -keystore &lt;your_keystore_filename&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    Note: In some cases you will have to enter the domain of your website (i.e. <code>www.myside.org</code>)
+    in the field "first- and lastname" in order to create a working Certificate.
+</li>
+<li>The CSR is then created with:
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>keytool -certreq -keyalg RSA -alias tomcat -file certreq.csr \
+    -keystore &lt;your_keystore_filename&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Now you have a file called <code>certreq.csr</code> that you can submit to the Certificate Authority (look at the
+documentation of the Certificate Authority website on how to do this). In return you get a Certificate.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Importing the Certificate"><!--()--></a><a name="Importing_the_Certificate"><strong>Importing the Certificate</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Now that you have your Certificate you can import it into you local keystore.
+First of all you have to import a so called Chain Certificate or Root Certificate into your keystore.
+After that you can proceed with importing your Certificate.</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li>Download a Chain Certificate from the Certificate Authority you obtained the Certificate from.<br>
+    For Verisign.com commercial certificates go to:
+            http://www.verisign.com/support/install/intermediate.html<br>
+        For Verisign.com trial certificates go to:
+            http://www.verisign.com/support/verisign-intermediate-ca/Trial_Secure_Server_Root/index.html<br>
+    For Trustcenter.de go to:
+            http://www.trustcenter.de/certservices/cacerts/en/en.htm#server<br>
+    For Thawte.com go to:
+            http://www.thawte.com/certs/trustmap.html<br>
+</li>
+<li>Import the Chain Certificate into your keystore
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>keytool -import -alias root -keystore &lt;your_keystore_filename&gt; \
+    -trustcacerts -file &lt;filename_of_the_chain_certificate&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</li>
+<li>And finally import your new Certificate
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>keytool -import -alias tomcat -keystore &lt;your_keystore_filename&gt; \
+    -file &lt;your_certificate_filename&gt;</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Troubleshooting"><strong>Troubleshooting</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>Here is a list of common problems that you may encounter when setting up
+SSL communications, and what to do about them.</p>
+
+<ul>
+
+<li>When Tomcat starts up, I get an exception like
+    "java.io.FileNotFoundException: {some-directory}/{some-file} not found".
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>A likely explanation is that Tomcat cannot find the keystore file
+    where it is looking.  By default, Tomcat expects the keystore file to
+    be named <code>.keystore</code> in the user home directory under which
+    Tomcat is running (which may or may not be the same as yours :-).  If
+    the keystore file is anywhere else, you will need to add a
+    <code>keystoreFile</code> attribute to the <code>&lt;Factory&gt;</code>
+    element in the <a href="#Edit the Tomcat Configuration File">Tomcat
+    configuration file</a>.</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+
+<li>When Tomcat starts up, I get an exception like
+    "java.io.FileNotFoundException:  Keystore was tampered with, or
+    password was incorrect".
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>Assuming that someone has not <em>actually</em> tampered with
+    your keystore file, the most likely cause is that Tomcat is using
+    a different password than the one you used when you created the
+    keystore file.  To fix this, you can either go back and
+    <a href="#Prepare the Certificate Keystore">recreate the keystore
+    file</a>, or you can add or update the <code>keystorePass</code>
+    attribute on the <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> element in the
+    <a href="#Edit the Tomcat Configuration File">Tomcat configuration
+    file</a>.  <strong>REMINDER</strong> - Passwords are case sensitive!</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+
+<li>When Tomcat starts up, I get an exception like
+    "java.net.SocketException: SSL handshake errorjavax.net.ssl.SSLException: No
+    available certificate or key corresponds to the SSL cipher suites which are
+    enabled."
+    <blockquote>
+    <p>A likely explanation is that Tomcat cannot find the alias for the server
+    key within the specified keystore. Check that the correct
+    <code>keystoreFile</code> and <code>keyAlias</code> are specified in the
+    <code>&lt;Connector&gt;</code> element in the
+    <a href="#Edit the Tomcat Configuration File">Tomcat configuration file</a>.
+    <strong>REMINDER</strong> - <code>keyAlias</code> values may be case
+    sensitive!</p>
+    </blockquote></li>
+
+</ul>
+
+<p>If you are still having problems, a good source of information is the
+<strong>TOMCAT-USER</strong> mailing list.  You can find pointers to archives
+of previous messages on this list, as well as subscription and unsubscription
+information, at
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html</a>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Using the SSL for session tracking in your application"><!--()--></a><a name="Using_the_SSL_for_session_tracking_in_your_application"><strong>Using the SSL for session tracking in your application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>This is a new feature in the Servlet 3.0 specification. Because it uses the
+     SSL session ID associated with the physical client-server connection there
+     are some limitations. They are:
+    <ul>
+      <li>Tomcat must have a connector with the attribute
+          <strong>isSecure</strong> set to <code>true</code>.</li>
+      <li>If SSL connections are managed by a proxy or a hardware accelerator
+          they must populate the SSL request headers (see the SSLValve) so that
+          the SSL session ID is visible to Tomcat.</li>
+      <li>If Tomcat terminates the SSL connection, it will not be possible to use
+          session replication as the SSL session IDs will be different on each
+          node.</li>
+    </ul>
+  </p>
+
+  <p>
+    To enable SSL session tracking you need to use a context listener to set the
+    tracking mode for the context to be just SSL (if any other tracking mode is
+    enabled, it will be used in preference). It might look something like:
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+package org.apache.tomcat.example;
+
+import java.util.EnumSet;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
+import javax.servlet.SessionTrackingMode;
+
+public class SessionTrackingModeListener implements ServletContextListener {
+
+    @Override
+    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
+        // Do nothing
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
+        ServletContext context = event.getServletContext();
+        EnumSet&lt;SessionTrackingMode&gt; modes =
+            EnumSet.of(SessionTrackingMode.SSL);
+
+        context.setSessionTrackingModes(modes);
+    }
+
+}
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </p>
+  <p>Note: SSL session tracking is implemented for the BIO and NIO connectors.
+     It is not yet implemented for the APR connector.</p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Miscellaneous Tips and Bits"><!--()--></a><a name="Miscellaneous_Tips_and_Bits"><strong>Miscellaneous Tips and Bits</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+<p>To access the SSL session ID from the request, use:<br>
+
+  <code>
+    String sslID = (String)request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.request.ssl_session_id");
+  </code>
+<br>
+For additional discussion on this area, please see
+<a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22679">Bugzilla</a>.
+</p>
+
+  <p>To terminate an SSL session, use:
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+// Standard HTTP session invalidation
+session.invalidate();
+
+// Invalidate the SSL Session
+org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SSLSessionManager mgr =
+    (org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SSLSessionManager)
+    request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.request.ssl_session_mgr");
+mgr.invalidateSession();
+
+// Close the connection since the SSL session will be active until the connection
+// is closed
+response.setHeader("Connection", "close");
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    Note that this code is Tomcat specific due to the use of the
+    SSLSessionManager class. This is currently only available for the BIO and
+    NIO connectors, not the APR/native connector.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/ssl-howto.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/tribes/developers.html b/webapps/docs/tribes/developers.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e52073c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/tribes/developers.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tribes - The Tomcat Cluster Communication Module (7.0.42) - Apache Tribes - Developers</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Developers</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Developers"><strong>Developers</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>TODO</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/tribes/developers.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/tribes/faq.html b/webapps/docs/tribes/faq.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1dbe90a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/tribes/faq.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tribes - The Tomcat Cluster Communication Module (7.0.42) - Apache Tribes - Frequently Asked Questions</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Frequently Asked Questions</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Frequently Asked Questions"><!--()--></a><a name="Frequently_Asked_Questions"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>TODO</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/tribes/faq.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
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+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/tribes/interceptors.html b/webapps/docs/tribes/interceptors.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19e2766
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/tribes/interceptors.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tribes - The Tomcat Cluster Communication Module (7.0.42) - Apache Tribes - Interceptors</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Interceptors</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Interceptors"><strong>Interceptors</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>TODO</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/tribes/interceptors.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tribes - The Tomcat Cluster Communication Module (7.0.42) - Apache Tribes - Introduction</title><meta name="author" content="Filip Hanik"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Introduction</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Quick_Start">Quick Start</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_Tribes">What is Tribes</a></li><li><a href="#Why_another_messaging_framework">Why another messaging framework</a></li><li><a href="#Feature_Overview">Feature Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Where_can_I_get_Tribes">Where can I get Tribes</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Quick Start"><!--()--></a><a name="Quick_Start"><strong>Quick Start</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <p>Apache Tribes is a group or peer-to-peer communication framework that enables you to easily connect
+     your remote objects to communicate with each other.
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+    <li>Import: <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.Channel</code></li>
+    <li>Import: <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.Member</code></li>
+    <li>Import: <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.MembershipListener</code></li>
+    <li>Import: <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.ChannelListener</code></li>
+    <li>Import: <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel</code></li>
+    <li>Create a class that implements: <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.ChannelListener</code></li>
+    <li>Create a class that implements: <code>org.apache.catalina.tribes.MembershipListener</code></li>
+    <li>Simple class to demonstrate how to send a message:
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+        //create a channel
+        Channel myChannel = new GroupChannel();
+
+        //create my listeners
+        ChannelListener msgListener = new MyMessageListener();
+        MembershipListener mbrListener = new MyMemberListener();
+
+        //attach the listeners to the channel
+        myChannel.addMembershipListener(mbrListener);
+        myChannel.addChannelListener(msgListener);
+
+        //start the channel
+        myChannel.start(Channel.DEFAULT);
+
+        //create a message to be sent, message must implement java.io.Serializable
+        //for performance reasons you probably want them to implement java.io.Externalizable
+        Serializable myMsg = new MyMessage();
+
+        //retrieve my current members
+        Member[] group = myChannel.getMembers();
+
+        //send the message
+        channel.send(group,myMsg,Channel.SEND_OPTIONS_DEFAULT);
+      </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </li>
+  </ul>
+  <p>
+      Simple yeah? There is a lot more to Tribes than we have shown, hopefully the docs will be able
+      to explain more to you. Remember, that we are always interested in suggestions, improvements, bug fixes
+      and anything that you think would help this project.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+      Note: Tribes is currently built for JDK1.5, you can run on JDK1.4 by a small modifications to locks used from the <code>java.util.concurrent</code> package.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="What is Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="What_is_Tribes"><strong>What is Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    Tribes is a messaging framework with group communication abilities. Tribes allows you to send and receive
+    messages over a network, it also allows for dynamic discovery of other nodes in the network.<br>
+    And that is the short story, it really is as simple as that. What makes Tribes useful and unique will be
+    described in the section below.<br>
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    The Tribes module was started early 2006 and a small part of the code base comes from the clustering module
+    that has been existing since 2003 or 2004.
+    The current cluster implementation has several short comings and many workarounds were created due
+    to the complexity in group communication. Long story short, what should have been two modules a long time
+    ago, will be now. Tribes takes out the complexity of messaging from the replication module and becomes
+    a fully independent and highly flexible group communication module.<br>
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    In Tomcat the old <code>modules/cluster</code> has now become <code>modules/groupcom</code>(Tribes) and
+    <code>modules/ha</code> (replication). This will allow development to proceed and let the developers
+    focus on the issues they are actually working on rather than getting boggled down in details of a module
+    they are not interested in. The understanding is that both communication and replication are complex enough,
+    and when trying to develop them in the same module, well you know, it becomes a cluster :)<br>
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    Tribes allows for guaranteed messaging, and can be customized in many ways. Why is this important?<br>
+    Well, you as a developer want to know that the messages you are sending are reaching their destination.
+    More than that, if a message doesn't reach its destination, the application on top of Tribes will be notified
+    that the message was never sent, and what node it failed.
+  </p>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Why another messaging framework"><!--()--></a><a name="Why_another_messaging_framework"><strong>Why another messaging framework</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    I am a big fan of reusing code and would never dream of developing something if someone else has already
+    done it and it was available to me and the community I try to serve.<br>
+    When I did my research to improve the clustering module I was constantly faced with a few obstacles:<br>
+    1. The framework wasn't flexible enough<br>
+    2. The framework was licensed in a way that neither I nor the community could use it<br>
+    3. Several features that I needed were missing<br>
+    4. Messaging was guaranteed, but no feedback was reported to me<br>
+    5. The semantics of my message delivery had to be configured before runtime<br>
+    And the list continues...
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    So I came up with Tribes, to address these issues and other issues that came along.
+    When designing Tribes I wanted to make sure I didn't lose any of the flexibility and
+    delivery semantics that the existing frameworks already delivered. The goal was to create a framework
+    that could do everything that the others already did, but to provide more flexibility for the application
+    developer. In the next section will give you the high level overview of what features tribes offers or will offer.
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Feature Overview"><!--()--></a><a name="Feature_Overview"><strong>Feature Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    To give you an idea of the feature set I will list it out here.
+    Some of the features are not yet completed, if that is the case they are marked accordingly.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Pluggable modules</b><br>
+    Tribes is built using interfaces. Any of the modules or components that are part of Tribes can be swapped out
+    to customize your own Tribes implementation.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Guaranteed Messaging</b><br>
+    In the default implementation of Tribes uses TCP or UDP for messaging. TCP already has guaranteed message delivery
+    and flow control built in. I believe that the performance of Java TCP, will outperform an implementation of
+    Java/UDP/flow-control/message guarantee since the logic happens further down the stack. UDP messaging has been added in for
+    sending messages over UDP instead of TCP when desired. The same guarantee scenarios as described below are still available
+    over UDP, however, when a UDP message is lost, it's considered failed.<br>
+    Tribes supports both non-blocking and blocking IO operations. The recommended setting is to use non blocking
+    as it promotes better parallelism when sending and receiving messages. The blocking implementation is available
+    for those platforms where NIO is still a trouble child.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Different Guarantee Levels</b><br>
+    There are three different levels of delivery guarantee when a message is sent.<br>
+    <ol>
+      <li>IO Based send guarantee. - fastest, least reliable<br>
+          This means that Tribes considers the message transfer to be successful
+          if the message was sent to the socket send buffer and accepted.<br>
+          On blocking IO, this would be <code>socket.getOutputStream().write(msg)</code><br>
+          On non blocking IO, this would be <code>socketChannel.write()</code>, and the buffer byte buffer gets emptied
+          followed by a <code>socketChannel.read()</code> to ensure the channel still open.
+          The <code>read()</code> has been added since <code>write()</code> will succeed if the connection has been "closed"
+          when using NIO.
+      </li>
+      <li>ACK based. - recommended, guaranteed delivery<br>
+          When the message has been received on a remote node, an ACK is sent back to the sender,
+          indicating that the message was received successfully.
+      </li>
+      <li>SYNC_ACK based. - guaranteed delivery, guaranteed processed, slowest<br>
+          When the message has been received on a remote node, the node will process
+          the message and if the message was processed successfully, an ACK is sent back to the sender
+          indicating that the message was received and processed successfully.
+          If the message was received, but processing it failed, an ACK_FAIL will be sent back
+          to the sender. This is a unique feature that adds an incredible amount value to the application
+          developer. Most frameworks here will tell you that the message was delivered, and the application
+          developer has to build in logic on whether the message was actually processed properly by the application
+          on the remote node. If configured, Tribes will throw an exception when it receives an ACK_FAIL
+          and associate that exception with the member that didn't process the message.
+      </li>
+    </ol>
+    You can of course write even more sophisticated guarantee levels, and some of them will be mentioned later on
+    in the documentation. One mentionable level would be a 2-Phase-Commit, where the remote applications don't receive
+    the message until all nodes have received the message. Sort of like a all-or-nothing protocol.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Per Message Delivery Attributes</b><br>
+    Perhaps the feature that makes Tribes stand out from the crowd of group communication frameworks.
+    Tribes enables you to send to decide what delivery semantics a message transfer should have on a per
+    message basis. Meaning, that your messages are not delivered based on some static configuration
+    that remains fixed after the message framework has been started.<br>
+    To give you an example of how powerful this feature is, I'll try to illustrate it with a simple example.
+    Imagine you need to send 10 different messages, you could send the the following way:
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+      Message_1 - asynchronous and fast, no guarantee required, fire and forget
+      Message_2 - all-or-nothing, either all receivers get it, or none.
+      Message_3 - encrypted and SYNC_ACK based
+      Message_4 - asynchronous, SYNC_ACK and call back when the message is processed on the remote nodes
+      Message_5 - totally ordered, this message should be received in the same order on all nodes that have been
+                  send totally ordered
+      Message_6 - asynchronous and totally ordered
+      Message_7 - RPC message, send a message, wait for all remote nodes to reply before returning
+      Message_8 - RPC message, wait for the first reply
+      Message_9 - RPC message, asynchronous, don't wait for a reply, collect them via a callback
+      Message_10- sent to a member that is not part of this group
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="../images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    As you can imagine by now, these are just examples. The number of different semantics you can apply on a
+    per-message-basis is almost limitless. Tribes allows you to set up to 28 different on a message
+    and then configure Tribes to what flag results in what action on the message.<br>
+    Imagine a shared transactional cache, probably &gt;90% are reads, and the dirty reads should be completely
+    unordered and delivered as fast as possible. But transactional writes on the other hand, have to
+    be ordered so that no cache gets corrupted. With tribes you would send the write messages totally ordered,
+    while the read messages you simple fire to achieve highest throughput.<br>
+    There are probably better examples on how this powerful feature can be used, so use your imagination and
+    your experience to think of how this could benefit you in your application.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Interceptor based message processing</b><br>
+    Tribes uses a customizable interceptor stack to process messages that are sent and received.<br>
+    <i>So what, all frameworks have this!</i><br>
+    Yes, but in Tribes interceptors can react to a message based on the per-message-attributes
+    that are sent runtime. Meaning, that if you add a encryption interceptor that encrypts message
+    you can decide if this interceptor will encrypt all messages, or only certain messages that are decided
+    by the applications running on top of Tribes.<br>
+    This is how Tribes is able to send some messages totally ordered and others fire and forget style
+    like the example above.<br>
+    The number of interceptors that are available will keep growing, and we would appreciate any contributions
+    that you might have.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Threadless Interceptor stack</b>
+    The interceptor don't require any separate threads to perform their message manipulation.<br>
+    Messages that are sent will piggy back on the thread that is sending them all the way through transmission.
+    The exception is the <code>MessageDispatchInterceptor</code> that will queue up the message
+    and send it on a separate thread for asynchronous message delivery.
+    Messages received are controlled by a thread pool in the <code>receiver</code> component.<br>
+    The channel object can send a <code>heartbeat()</code> through the interceptor stack to allow
+    for timeouts, cleanup and other events.<br>
+    The <code>MessageDispatchInterceptor</code> is the only interceptor that is configured by default.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Parallel Delivery</b><br>
+    Tribes support parallel delivery of messages. Meaning that node_A could send three messages to node_B in
+    parallel. This feature becomes useful when sending messages with different delivery semantics.
+    Otherwise if Message_1 was sent totally ordered, Message_2 would have to wait for that message to complete.<br>
+    Through NIO, Tribes is also able to send a message to several receivers at the same time on the same thread.
+  </p>
+  <p>
+    <b>Silent Member Messaging</b><br>
+    With Tribes you are able to send messages to members that are not in your group.
+    So by default, you can already send messages over a wide area network, even though the dynamic discover
+    module today is limited to local area networks by using multicast for dynamic node discovery.
+    Of course, the membership component will be expanded to support WAN memberships in the future.
+    But this is very useful, when you want to hide members from the rest of the group and only communicate with them
+  </p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Where can I get Tribes"><!--()--></a><a name="Where_can_I_get_Tribes"><strong>Where can I get Tribes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>
+    Tribes ships as a module with Tomcat, and is released as part of the Apache Tomcat release.
+  </p>
+
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Membership</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Membership"><strong>Membership</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>TODO</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/tribes/membership.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/tribes/setup.html b/webapps/docs/tribes/setup.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18cfc64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/tribes/setup.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tribes - The Tomcat Cluster Communication Module (7.0.42) - Apache Tribes - Configuration</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Configuration</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuration Overview"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuration_Overview"><strong>Configuration Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>TODO</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/tribes/setup.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/tribes/status.html b/webapps/docs/tribes/status.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8ddf58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/tribes/status.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tribes - The Tomcat Cluster Communication Module (7.0.42) - Apache Tribes - Status</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Status</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Status"><strong>Status</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>TODO</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/tribes/status.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/tribes/transport.html b/webapps/docs/tribes/transport.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..782a4f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/tribes/transport.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tribes - The Tomcat Cluster Communication Module (7.0.42) - Apache Tribes - Transport</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="../images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Tomcat" border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="../images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Tribes Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="faq.html">3) FAQ</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../api/org/apache/catalina/tribes/package-summary.html">JavaDoc</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tribes Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="membership.html">Membership</a></li><li><a href="transport.html">Transport</a></li><li><a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a></li><li><a href="status.html">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Apache Tribes - Transport</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Transport"><strong>Transport</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>TODO</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/tribes/transport.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/docs/virtual-hosting-howto.html b/webapps/docs/virtual-hosting-howto.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d85e4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/docs/virtual-hosting-howto.html
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Virtual Hosting and Tomcat</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Virtual Hosting and Tomcat</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Assumptions">Assumptions</a></li><li><a href="#server.xml">server.xml</a></li><li><a href="#Webapps_Directory">Webapps Directory</a></li><li><a href="#Configuring_Your_Contexts">Configuring Your Contexts</a><ol><li><a href="#General">General</a></li><li><a href="#context.xml_-_approach__1">context.xml - approach #1</a></li><li><a href="#context.xml_-_approach__2">context.xml - approach #2</a></li><li><a href="#Further_Information">Further Information</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Assumptions"><strong>Assumptions</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      For the sake of this how-to, assume you have a development host with two
+      host names, <code>ren</code> and <code>stimpy</code>. Let's also assume
+      one instance of Tomcat running, so <code>$CATALINA_HOME</code> refers to
+      wherever it's installed, perhaps <code>/usr/local/tomcat</code>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Also, this how-to uses Unix-style path separators and commands; if you're
+      on Windows modify accordingly.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="server.xml"><strong>server.xml</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      At the simplest, edit the <a href="config/engine.html">Engine</a> portion
+      of your <code>server.xml</code> file to look like this:
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+&lt;Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="ren"&gt;
+    &lt;Host name="ren"    appBase="renapps"/&gt;
+    &lt;Host name="stimpy" appBase="stimpyapps"/&gt;
+&lt;/Engine&gt;
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    <p>
+      Note that the directory structures under the appBase for each host should
+      not overlap each other.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Consult the configuration documentation for other attributes of the
+      <a href="config/engine.html">Engine</a> and <a href="config/host.html">
+      Host</a> elements.
+    </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Webapps Directory"><!--()--></a><a name="Webapps_Directory"><strong>Webapps Directory</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <p>
+      Create directories for each of the virtual hosts:
+    </p>
+    <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/renapps
+mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/stimpyapps
+    </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Configuring Your Contexts"><!--()--></a><a name="Configuring_Your_Contexts"><strong>Configuring Your Contexts</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="General"><strong>General</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>Contexts are normally located underneath the appBase directory. For
+       example, to deploy the <code>foobar</code> context as a war file in
+       the <code>ren</code> host, use
+       <code>$CATALINA_HOME/renapps/foobar.war</code>. Note that the
+       default or ROOT context for <code>ren</code> would be deployed as
+       <code>$CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT.war</code> (WAR) or
+       <code>$CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT</code> (directory).
+      </p>
+      <p><strong>NOTE: The <code>docBase</code> for a context should never be
+        the same as the <code>appBase</code> for a host.</strong>
+      </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="context.xml - approach #1"><!--()--></a><a name="context.xml_-_approach__1"><strong>context.xml - approach #1</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>
+        Within your Context, create a <code>META-INF</code> directory and then
+        place your Context definition in it in a file named
+        <code>context.xml</code>. i.e.
+        <code>$CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT/META-INF/context.xml</code>
+        This makes deployment easier, particularly if you're distributing a WAR
+        file.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="context.xml - approach #2"><!--()--></a><a name="context.xml_-_approach__2"><strong>context.xml - approach #2</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>
+        Create a structure under <code>$CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina</code>
+        corresponding to your virtual hosts, e.g.:
+      </p>
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/ren
+mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/stimpy
+      </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+      <p>
+        Note that the ending directory name "Catalina" represents the
+        <code>name</code> attribute of the
+        <a href="config/engine.html">Engine</a> element as shown above.
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        Now, for your default webapps, add:
+      </p>
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+$CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/ren/ROOT.xml
+$CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/stimpy/ROOT.xml
+      </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+      <p>
+        If you want to use the Tomcat manager webapp for each host, you'll also
+        need to add it here:
+      </p>
+      <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+cd $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina
+cp localhost/manager.xml ren/
+cp localhost/manager.xml stimpy/
+      </pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+    <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Further Information"><!--()--></a><a name="Further_Information"><strong>Further Information</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+      <p>
+        Consult the configuration documentation for other attributes of the
+        <a href="config/context.html">Context</a> element.
+      </p>
+    </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - WebSocket How-To</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
+            .noPrint {display: none;}
+            td#mainBody {width: 100%;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;}
+            code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;}
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            .wrapped-source code { display: block; background-color: transparent; }
+            .wrapped-source div { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; }
+            .wrapped-source p { margin: 0 0 0 1.25em; text-indent: -1.25em; }
+        </style><style type="text/css">
+            p.notice {
+                border: 1px solid rgb(255, 0, 0);
+                background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);
+                color: rgb(0, 51, 102);
+                padding: 0.5em;
+                margin: 1em 2em 1em 1em;
+            }
+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>WebSocket How-To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Application_development">Application development</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Tomcat provides support for WebSocket as defined by
+   <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455">RFC 6455</a>. This feature is
+   not yet finalised and you are encouraged to provide feedback in the form
+   of bug reports (via
+   <a href="https://issues.apache.org/bugzilla">Bugzilla</a>), suggested API
+   changes (via the <a href="mailto:dev@tomcat.apache.org">dev list</a>) or
+   other comments (again via the <a href="mailto:dev@tomcat.apache.org">dev
+   list</a>).</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Application development"><!--()--></a><a name="Application_development"><strong>Application development</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>The API used for application development has not yet been finalised. Rather
+   than document something here that will quickly be out of date, please see the
+   Javadoc for the
+   <a href="api/index.html?org/apache/catalina/websocket/package-summary.html">
+   <code>org.apache.catalina.websocket</code></a> package. The Javadoc
+   pages are not included with Tomcat binary distributions. To view them
+   locally you would have to download and install "Full documentation"
+   distribution, or build it from sources. You can
+   also read this on the Apache Tomcat web site. Start with the
+   <a href="api/index.html?org/apache/catalina/websocket/WebSocketServlet.html">
+   <code>WebSocketServlet</code></a> class.</p>
+
+<p>There are also several example applications that demonstrate how the
+   WebSocket API can be used. You'll need to look at both the client side <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk/webapps/examples/websocket/">
+   html</a> and the server side <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/tomcat/tc7.0.x/trunk/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/">
+   code</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Do keep in mind that the API is fluid and is likely to change, possibly
+   significantly, between point releases. The documentation will be updated once
+   the API is considered stable (unlikely to be until JSR 356 is complete).</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Windows Authentication How-To</title><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Windows Authentication How-To</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a></li><li><a href="#Built-in_Tomcat_support">Built-in Tomcat support</a><ol><li><a href="#Domain_Controller">Domain Controller</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat_instance">Tomcat instance</a></li><li><a href="#Web_application">Web application</a></li><li><a href="#Client">Client</a></li><li><a href="#References">References</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Third_party_libraries">Third party libraries</a><ol><li><a href="#Waffle">Waffle</a></li><li><a href="#Spring_Security_-_Kerberos_Extension">Spring Security - Kerberos Extension</a></li><li><a href="#SPNEGO_project_at_SourceForge">SPNEGO project at SourceForge</a></li><li><a href="#Jespa">Jespa</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="#Reverse_proxies">Reverse proxies</a><ol><li><a href="#Microsoft_IIS">Microsoft IIS</a></li><li><a href="#Apache_httpd">Apache httpd</a></li></ol></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Overview"><strong>Overview</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>Integrated Windows authentication is most frequently used within intranet
+environments since it requires that the server performing the authentication and
+the user being authenticated are part of the same domain. For the user to be
+authenticated automatically, the client machine used by the user must also be
+part of the domain.</p>
+<p>There are several options for implementing integrated Windows authentication
+with Apache Tomcat. They are:
+<ul>
+<li>Built-in Tomcat support.</li>
+<li>Use a third party library such as Waffle.</li>
+<li>Use a reverse proxy that supports Windows authentication to perform the
+authentication step such as IIS or httpd.</li>
+</ul>
+The configuration of each of these options is discussed in the following
+sections.</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Built-in Tomcat support"><!--()--></a><a name="Built-in_Tomcat_support"><strong>Built-in Tomcat support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p><strong>This documentation is a work in progress. There are a number of
+outstanding questions around the edge cases that require further
+testing.</strong> These include:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Does the domain name have to be in upper case?</li>
+<li>Does the SPN have to start with HTTP/...?</li>
+<li>Can a port number be appended to the end of the host in the SPN?</li>
+<li>Can the domain be left off the user in the ktpass command?</li>
+<li>What are the limitations on the account that Tomcat can run as? SPN
+    associated account works, domain admin works, local admin doesn't
+    work</li>
+</ul>
+<p>There are four components to the configuration of the built-in Tomcat
+support for Windows authentication. The domain controller, the server hosting
+Tomcat, the web application wishing to use Windows authentication and the client
+machine. The following sections describe the configuration required for each
+component.</p>
+<p>The names of the three machines used in the configuration examples below are
+win-dc01.dev.local (the domain controller), win-tc01.dev.local (the Tomcat
+instance) and win-pc01.dev.local (client). All are members of the DEV.LOCAL
+domain.</p>
+<p>Note: In order to use the passwords in the steps below, the domain password
+policy had to be relaxed. This is not recommended for production environments.
+</p>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Domain Controller"><!--()--></a><a name="Domain_Controller"><strong>Domain Controller</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>These steps assume that the server has already been configured to act as a
+  domain controller. Configuration of a Windows server as a domain controller is
+  outside the scope of this how-to. The steps to configure the domain controller
+  to enable Tomcat to support Windows authentication are as follows:
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Create a domain user that will be mapped to the service name used by the
+  Tomcat server. In this how-to, this user is called <code>tc01</code> and has a
+  password of <code>tc01pass</code>.</li>
+  <li>Map the service principal name (SPN) to the user account. SPNs take the
+  form <code>
+  &lt;service class&gt;/&lt;host&gt;:&lt;port&gt;/&lt;service name&gt;</code>.
+  The SPN used in this how-to is <code>HTTP/win-tc01.dev.local</code>. To
+  map the user to the SPN, run the following:
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>setspn -A HTTP/win-tc01.dev.local tc01</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  </li>
+  <li>Generate the keytab file that the Tomcat server will use to authenticate
+  itself to the domain controller. This file contains the Tomcat private key for
+  the service provider account and should be protected accordingly. To generate
+  the file, run the following command (all on a single line):
+  <div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>ktpass /out c:\tomcat.keytab /mapuser tc01@DEV.LOCAL
+          /princ HTTP/win-tc01.dev.local@DEV.LOCAL
+          /pass tc01pass /kvno 0</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div></li>
+  <li>Create a domain user to be used on the client. In this how-to the domain
+  user is <code>test</code> with a password of <code>testpass</code>.</li>
+  </ul>
+  <p>The above steps have been tested on a domain controller running Windows
+  Server 2008 R2 64-bit Standard using the Windows Server 2003 functional level
+  for both the forest and the domain.
+  </p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat instance"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_instance"><strong>Tomcat instance</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>These steps assume that Tomcat and a Java 6 JDK/JRE have already been
+  installed and configured and that Tomcat is running as the tc01@DEV.LOCAL
+  user. The steps to configure the Tomcat instance for Windows authentication
+  are as follows:
+  </p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Copy the <code>tomcat.keytab</code> file created on the domain controller
+  to <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/tomcat.keytab</code>.</li>
+  <li>Create the kerberos configuration file
+  <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/krb5.ini</code>. The file used in this how-to
+  contained:<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>[libdefaults]
+default_realm = DEV.LOCAL
+default_keytab_name = FILE:c:\apache-tomcat-7.0.x\conf\tomcat.keytab
+default_tkt_enctypes = rc4-hmac,aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96,aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96
+default_tgs_enctypes = rc4-hmac,aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96,aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96
+forwardable=true
+
+[realms]
+DEV.LOCAL = {
+        kdc = win-dc01.dev.local:88
+}
+
+[domain_realm]
+dev.local= DEV.LOCAL
+.dev.local= DEV.LOCAL</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  The location of this file can be changed by setting the
+  <code>java.security.krb5.conf</code> systm property.</li>
+  <li>Create the JAAS login configuration file
+  <code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/jaas.conf</code>. The file used in this how-to
+  contained:<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>com.sun.security.jgss.krb5.initiate {
+    com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required
+    doNotPrompt=true
+    principal="HTTP/win-tc01.dev.local@DEV.LOCAL"
+    useKeyTab=true
+    keyTab="c:/apache-tomcat-7.0.x/conf/tomcat.keytab"
+    storeKey=true;
+};
+
+com.sun.security.jgss.krb5.accept {
+    com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required
+    doNotPrompt=true
+    principal="HTTP/win-tc01.dev.local@DEV.LOCAL"
+    useKeyTab=true
+    keyTab="c:/apache-tomcat-7.0.x/conf/tomcat.keytab"
+    storeKey=true;
+};</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+  The location of this file can be changed by setting the
+  <code>java.security.auth.login.config</code> system property. The LoginModule
+  used is a JVM specific one so ensure that the LoginModule specified matches
+  the JVM being used. The name of the login configuration must match the
+  value used by the <a href="config/valve.html#SPNEGO_Valve">authentication
+  valve</a>.</li>
+  <li>The system property <code>javax.security.auth.useSubjectCredsOnly</code>
+  is automatically set to the required value of false if a web application is
+  configured to use the SPNEGO authentication method.</li>
+  </ul>
+  <p>The SPNEGO authenticator will work with any <a href="config/realm.html">
+  Realm</a> but if used with the JNDI Realm, by default the JNDI Realm will use
+  the user's delegated credentials to connect to the Active Directory.
+  </p>
+  <p>The above steps have been tested on a Tomcat server running Windows Server
+  2008 R2 64-bit Standard with an Oracle 1.6.0_24 64-bit JDK.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Web application"><!--()--></a><a name="Web_application"><strong>Web application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>The web application needs to be configured to the use Tomcat specific
+  authentication method of <code>SPNEGO</code> (rather than BASIC etc.) in
+  web.xml. As with the other authenticators, behaviour can be customised by
+  explicitly configuring the <a href="config/valve.html#SPNEGO_Valve">
+  authentication valve</a> and setting attributes on the Valve.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Client"><strong>Client</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>The client must be configured to use Kerberos authentication. For Internet
+  Explorer this means making sure that the Tomcat instance is in the "Local
+  intranet" security domain and that it is configured (Tools &gt; Internet
+  Options &gt; Advanced) with integrated Windows authentication enabled. Note that
+  this <strong>will not</strong> work if you use the same machine for the client
+  and the Tomcat instance as Internet Explorer will use the unsupported NTLM
+  protocol.</p>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="References"><strong>References</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Correctly configuring Kerberos authentication can be tricky. The following
+  references may prove helpful. Advice is also always available from the
+  <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html#tomcat-users">Tomcat users
+  mailing list</a>.</p>
+  <ol>
+  <li><a href="http://www.adopenstatic.com/cs/blogs/ken/archive/2006/10/19/512.aspx">
+      IIS and Kerberos</a></li>
+  <li><a href="http://spnego.sourceforge.net/index.html">
+      SPNEGO project at SourceForge</a></li>
+  <li><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/security/jgss/tutorials/index.html">
+      Oracle JGSS tutorial</a></li>
+  <li><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/GMOxDOC21/using-spengo-in-geronimo.html#UsingSpengoingeronimo-SettinguptheActiveDirectoryDomainController">
+      Geronimo configuration for Windows authentication</a></li>
+  <li><a href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/openspecification/archive/2010/11/17/encryption-type-selection-in-kerberos-exchanges.aspx">
+      Encryption Selection in Kerberos Exchanges</a></li>
+  <li><a href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/977321">Supported Kerberos Cipher
+      Suites</a></li>
+  </ol>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Third party libraries"><!--()--></a><a name="Third_party_libraries"><strong>Third party libraries</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Waffle"><strong>Waffle</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Full details of this solution can be found through the
+  <a href="http://waffle.codeplex.com/">Waffle web site</a>. The
+  key features are:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Drop-in solution</li>
+  <li>Simple configuration (no JAAS or Kerberos keytab configuration required)
+  </li>
+  <li>Uses a native library</li>
+  </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Spring Security - Kerberos Extension"><!--()--></a><a name="Spring_Security_-_Kerberos_Extension"><strong>Spring Security - Kerberos Extension</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Full details of this solution can be found through the
+  <a href="http://static.springsource.org/spring-security/site/extensions/krb/index.html"> Kerberos extension web site</a>. The key features are:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Extension to Spring Security</li>
+  <li>Requires a Kerberos keytab file to be generated</li>
+  <li>Pure Java solution</li>
+  </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="SPNEGO project at SourceForge"><!--()--></a><a name="SPNEGO_project_at_SourceForge"><strong>SPNEGO project at SourceForge</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Full details of this solution can be found through the
+  <a href="http://spnego.sourceforge.net/index.html/">project
+  site</a>. The key features are:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Uses Kerberos</li>
+  <li>Pure Java solution</li>
+  </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Jespa"><strong>Jespa</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Full details of this solution can be found through the
+  <a href="http://www.ioplex.com/">project web site</a>The key
+  features are:</p>
+  <ul>
+  <li>Pure Java solution</li>
+  <li>Advanced Active Directory integration</li>
+  </ul>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Reverse proxies"><!--()--></a><a name="Reverse_proxies"><strong>Reverse proxies</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Microsoft IIS"><!--()--></a><a name="Microsoft_IIS"><strong>Microsoft IIS</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>There are three steps to configuring IIS to provide Windows authentication.
+  They are:</p>
+  <ol>
+  <li>Configure IIS as a reverse proxy for Tomcat (see the
+  <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/webserver_howto/iis.html">
+  IIS Web Server How-To)</a>.</li>
+  <li>Configure IIS to use Windows authentication</li>
+  <li>Configure Tomcat to use the authentication user information from IIS by
+  setting the tomcatAuthentication attribute on the <a href="config/ajp.html">
+  AJP connector</a> to <code>false</code>.</li>
+  </ol>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Apache httpd"><!--()--></a><a name="Apache_httpd"><strong>Apache httpd</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+  <p>Apache httpd does not support Windows authentication out of the box but
+  there are a number of third-party modules that can be used. These include:</p>
+  <ol>
+  <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/mod-auth-sspi/">mod_auth_sspi</a> for use on Windows platforms.</li>
+  <li><a href="http://adldap.sourceforge.net/wiki/doku.php?id=mod_auth_ntlm_winbind">mod_auth_ntlm_winbind</a> for non-Windows platforms. Known to
+  work with httpd 2.0.x on 32-bit platforms. Some users have reported stability
+  issues with both httpd 2.2.x builds and 64-bit Linux builds.</li>
+  </ol>
+  <p>There are three steps to configuring httpd to provide Windows
+  authentication. They are:</p>
+  <ol>
+  <li>Configure httpd as a reverse proxy for Tomcat (see the
+  <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/webserver_howto/apache.html">
+  Apache httpd Web Server How-To)</a>.</li>
+  <li>Configure httpd to use Windows authentication</li>
+  <li>Configure Tomcat to use the authentication user information from httpd by
+  setting the tomcatAuthentication attribute on the <a href="config/ajp.html">
+  AJP connector</a> to <code>false</code>.</li>
+  </ol>
+  </blockquote></td></tr></table>
+
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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+<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.42) - Windows service HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Mladen Turk"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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+        </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
+      The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
+    " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.42, Jul 2 2013</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.gif" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptor-howto.html">16) MBean Descriptor</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Windows service HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<ul><li><a href="#Tomcat7_service_application">Tomcat7 service application</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat7w_monitor_application">Tomcat7w monitor application</a></li><li><a href="#Command_line_arguments">Command line arguments</a></li><li><a href="#Command_line_parameters">Command line parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Installing_services">Installing services</a></li><li><a href="#Updating_services">Updating services</a></li><li><a href="#Removing_services">Removing services</a></li><li><a href="#Debugging_services">Debugging services</a></li><li><a href="#Multiple_Instances">Multiple Instances</a></li></ul>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat7 service application"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat7_service_application"><strong>Tomcat7 service application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+    <b>Tomcat7</b> is a service application for running Tomcat7 as NT service.
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat7w monitor application"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat7w_monitor_application"><strong>Tomcat7w monitor application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+    <b>Tomcat7w</b> is a GUI application for monitoring and configuring Tomcat
+    services.
+</p>
+    <p>The available command line options are:</p>
+<p>
+    <table>
+    <tr><th>//ES//</th>
+        <td>Edit service configuration</td>
+        <td>This is the default operation. It is called if the no option is
+            provided but the executable is renamed to <b>servicenameW.exe</b></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr><th>//MS//</th>
+        <td>Monitor service</td>
+        <td>Put the icon in the system tray</td>
+    </tr>
+    </table>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Command line arguments"><!--()--></a><a name="Command_line_arguments"><strong>Command line arguments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+    Each command line directive is in the form of <b>//XX//ServiceName</b>
+</p>
+    <p>The available command line options are:</p>
+<p>
+    <table>
+    <tr><th>//TS//</th>
+        <td>Run the service as console application</td>
+        <td>This is the default operation. It is called if the no option is
+            provided. The ServiceName is the name of the executable without
+            exe suffix, meaning Tomcat7</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr><th>//RS//</th>
+        <td>Run the service</td>
+        <td>Called only from ServiceManager</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr><th>//SS//</th>
+        <td>Stop the service</td>
+        <td></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr><th>//US//</th>
+        <td>Update service parameters</td>
+        <td></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr><th>//IS//</th>
+        <td>Install service</td>
+        <td></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr><th>//DS//</th>
+        <td>Delete service</td>
+        <td>Stops the service if running</td>
+    </tr>
+    </table>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Command line parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Command_line_parameters"><strong>Command line parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+    Each command parameter is prefixed with <b>--</b>.
+    If the command line is prefixed with <b>++</b> then it's value will
+    be appended to the existing option.
+    If the environment variable with the same name as command line parameter but
+    prefixed with <code>PR_</code> exists it will take precedence.
+    For example:
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>set PR_CLASSPATH=xx.jar</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>is equivalent to providing
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>--Classpath=xx.jar</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p> as command line parameter.</p>
+<p>
+    <table>
+    <tr>
+    <th>ParameterName</th>
+    <th>Default</th>
+    <th>Description</th>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--Description</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Service name description (maximum 1024 characters)</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--DisplayName</td>
+    <td>ServiceName</td>
+    <td>Service display name</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--Install</td>
+    <td>procrun.exe //RS//ServiceName</td>
+    <td>Install image</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--Startup</td>
+    <td>manual</td>
+    <td>Service startup mode can be either <b>auto</b> or <b>manual</b></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--DependsOn</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>List of services that this service depend on. Dependent services
+        are separated using either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--Environment</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>List of environment variables that will be provided to the service
+        in the form <b>key=value</b>. They are separated using either
+        <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters. If you need to use either the <b>#</b>
+        or <b>;</b> character within a value then the entire value must be
+        enclosed inside single quotes.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--User</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>User account used for running executable. It is used only for
+        StartMode <b>java</b> or <b>exe</b> and enables running applications
+        as service under account without LogonAsService privilege.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--Password</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Password for user account set by --User parameter</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--JavaHome</td>
+    <td>JAVA_HOME</td>
+    <td>Set a different JAVA_HOME than defined by JAVA_HOME environment
+        variable</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--Jvm</td>
+    <td>auto</td>
+    <td>Use either <b>auto</b> or specify the full path to the <b>jvm.dll</b>.
+        You can use the environment variable expansion here.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--JvmOptions</td>
+    <td>-Xrs</td>
+    <td>List of options in the form of <b>-D</b> or <b>-X</b> that will be
+        passed to the JVM. The options are separated using either
+        <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--Classpath</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Set the Java classpath</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--JvmMs</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Initial memory pool size in MB</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--JvmMx</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Maximum memory pool size in MB</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--JvmSs</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Thread stack size in KB</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StartImage</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Executable that will be run.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StartPath</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Working path for the start image executable.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StartClass</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Class that will be used for startup.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StartParams</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>List of parameters that will be passed to either StartImage or
+        StartClass. Parameters are separated using either <b>#</b> or
+        <b>;</b> character.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StartMethod</td>
+    <td>Main</td>
+    <td>Method name if differs then main</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StartMode</td>
+    <td>executable</td>
+    <td>Can one of <b>jvm</b> <b>java</b> or <b>exe</b></td>
+    </tr>
+    <td>--StopImage</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Executable that will be run on Stop service signal.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StopPath</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Working path for the stop image executable.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StopClass</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Class that will be used on Stop service signal.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StopParams</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>List of parameters that will be passed to either StopImage or
+        StopClass. Parameters are separated using either <b>#</b> or
+        <b>;</b> character.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StopMethod</td>
+    <td>Main</td>
+    <td>Method name if differs then main</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StopMode</td>
+    <td>executable</td>
+    <td>Can one of <b>jvm</b> <b>java</b> or <b>exe</b></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StopTimeout</td>
+    <td>No Timeout</td>
+    <td>Defines the timeout in seconds that procrun waits for service to
+        exit gracefully.</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--LogPath</td>
+    <td>working path</td>
+    <td>Defines the path for logging</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--LogPrefix</td>
+    <td>jakarta_service</td>
+    <td>Defines the service log filename</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--LogLevel</td>
+    <td>INFO</td>
+    <td>Defines the logging level and can be either <b>error</b>,
+        <b>info</b>, <b>warn</b> or <b>debug</b></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StdOutput</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Redirected stdout filename</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+    <td>--StdError</td>
+    <td></td>
+    <td>Redirected stderr filename</td>
+    </tr>
+    </table>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installing services"><!--()--></a><a name="Installing_services"><strong>Installing services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+The safest way to manually install the service is to use the provided
+<b>service.bat</b> script. Administrator privileges are required to run this
+script. If necessary, you can use the <code>/user</code> switch to specify
+a user to use for the installation of the service.
+</p>
+<p>
+<strong>NOTE:</strong> On Windows Vista or any other operating system with User
+Account Control (UAC) you must either disable UAC or right-click on cmd.exe and
+select "Run as administrator" in order to run this script. If UAC is enabled
+neither being logged on with an Administrator account, nor using the
+<code>/user</code> switch is sufficient.
+</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Install the service named 'Tomcat7'
+C:\&gt; service.bat install
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>There is a 2nd optional parameter that lets you specify the name of the
+service, as displayed in Windows services.</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Install the service named 'MyService'
+C:\&gt; service.bat install MyService
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+If using tomcat7.exe, you need to use the <b>//IS//</b> parameter.</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Install the service named 'Tomcat7'
+C:\&gt; tomcat7 //IS//Tomcat7 --DisplayName="Apache Tomcat 7" \
+C:\&gt; --Install="C:\Program Files\Tomcat\bin\tomcat7.exe" --Jvm=auto \
+C:\&gt; --StartMode=jvm --StopMode=jvm \
+C:\&gt; --StartClass=org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap --StartParams=start \
+C:\&gt; --StopClass=org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap --StopParams=stop
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Updating services"><!--()--></a><a name="Updating_services"><strong>Updating services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+To update the service parameters, you need to use the <b>//US//</b> parameter.
+</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Update the service named 'Tomcat7'
+C:\&gt; tomcat7 //US//Tomcat7 --Description="Apache Tomcat Server - http://tomcat.apache.org/ " \
+C:\&gt; --Startup=auto --Classpath=%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar;%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\bootstrap.jar
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>If you gave the service an optional name, you need to specify it like this:
+</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Update the service named 'MyService'
+C:\&gt; tomcat7 //US//MyService --Description="Apache Tomcat Server - http://tomcat.apache.org/ " \
+C:\&gt; --Startup=auto --Classpath=%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar;%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\bootstrap.jar
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Removing services"><!--()--></a><a name="Removing_services"><strong>Removing services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+To remove the service, you need to use the <b>//DS//</b> parameter.<br>
+If the service is running it will be stopped and then deleted.</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Remove the service named 'Tomcat7'
+C:\&gt; tomcat7 //DS//Tomcat7
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>If you gave the service an optional name, you need to specify it like this:
+</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Remove the service named 'MyService'
+C:\&gt; tomcat7 //DS//MyService
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Debugging services"><!--()--></a><a name="Debugging_services"><strong>Debugging services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+To run the service in console mode, you need to use the <b>//TS//</b> parameter.
+The service shutdown can be initiated by pressing <b>CTRL+C</b> or
+<b>CTRL+BREAK</b>.
+If you rename the tomcat7.exe to testservice.exe then you can just execute the
+testservice.exe and this command mode will be executed by default.</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+Run the service named 'Tomcat7' in console mode
+C:\&gt; tomcat7 //TS//Tomcat7 [additional arguments]
+Or simply execute:
+C:\&gt; tomcat7
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Multiple Instances"><!--()--></a><a name="Multiple_Instances"><strong>Multiple Instances</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
+<p>
+Tomcat supports installation of multiple instances. You can have a single
+installation of Tomcat with multiple instances running on different IP/port
+combinations, or multiple Tomcat versions, each running one or more instances on
+different IP/ports.</p>
+<p>
+Each instance folder will need the following structure:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li>conf</li>
+<li>logs</li>
+<li>temp</li>
+<li>webapps</li>
+<li>work</li>
+</ul>
+<p>
+At a minimum, conf should contain a copy of the following files from
+CATALINA_HOME\conf\. Any files not copied and edited, will be picked up by
+default from CATALINA_HOME\conf, i.e. CATALINA_BASE\conf files override defaults
+from CATALINA_HOME\conf.</p>
+<ul>
+<li>server.xml</li>
+<li>web.xml</li>
+</ul>
+<p>
+You must edit CATALINA_BASE\conf\server.xml to specify a unique IP/port for the
+instance to listen on. Find the line that contains
+<pre>&lt;Connector port="8080" ...</pre> and add an address attribute and/or
+update the port number so as to specify a unique IP/port combination.</p>
+<p>
+To install an instance, first set the CATALINA_HOME environment variable to the
+name of the Tomcat installation directory. Then create a second environment
+variable CATALINA_BASE and point this to the instance folder. Then run "service
+install" command specifying a service name.</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+set CATALINA_HOME=c:\tomcat_7
+set CATALINA_BASE=c:\tomcat_7\instances\instance1
+service install instance1
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+<p>
+To modify the service settings, you can run <b>tomcat7w //ES//instance1</b>.
+</p>
+<p>
+For additional instances, create additional instance folder, update the
+CATALINA_BASE environment variable, and run the service install again.</p>
+<p>
+<div align="left"><table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#ffffff" height="1"><pre>
+set CATALINA_BASE=c:\tomcat_7\instances\instance2
+service install instance2
+</pre></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td><td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="./images/void.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"></td></tr></table></div>
+</p>
+</blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
+              on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
+              If you have trouble and need help, read
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
+              and ask your question on the tomcat-users
+              <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
+              Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&amp;A section.<br><br>
+              The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="/tomcat-7.0-doc/comments.html">here</a>.
+              Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
+              implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
+              var comments_shortname = 'tomcat';
+              var comments_identifier = 'http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/windows-service-howto.html';
+              (function(w, d) {
+                  if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "tomcat.apache.org") {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
+                      var s = d.createElement('script');
+                      s.type = 'text/javascript';
+                      s.async = true;
+                      s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
+                      (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                      d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><strong>Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/strong><\/div>');
+                  }
+              })(window, document);
+              //--><!]]></script></blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em>
+        Copyright &copy; 1999-2013, Apache Software Foundation
+        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/CookieExample.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/CookieExample.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4dbc0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/CookieExample.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/CookieExample.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/CookieExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a01fa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/CookieExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+/* $Id: CookieExample.java 1337730 2012-05-12 23:17:21Z kkolinko $
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import util.HTMLFilter;
+
+/**
+ * Example servlet showing request headers
+ *
+ * @author James Duncan Davidson <duncan@eng.sun.com>
+ */
+
+public class CookieExample extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final ResourceBundle RB = ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings");
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+
+        String cookieName = request.getParameter("cookiename");
+        String cookieValue = request.getParameter("cookievalue");
+        Cookie aCookie = null;
+        if (cookieName != null && cookieValue != null) {
+            aCookie = new Cookie(cookieName, cookieValue);
+            response.addCookie(aCookie);
+        }
+
+        response.setContentType("text/html");
+
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println("<html>");
+        out.println("<head>");
+
+        String title = RB.getString("cookies.title");
+        out.println("<title>" + title + "</title>");
+        out.println("</head>");
+        out.println("<body bgcolor=\"white\">");
+
+        // relative links
+
+        // XXX
+        // making these absolute till we work out the
+        // addition of a PathInfo issue
+
+        out.println("<a href=\"../cookies.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/code.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"view code\"></a>");
+        out.println("<a href=\"../index.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/return.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"return\"></a>");
+
+        out.println("<h3>" + title + "</h3>");
+
+        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
+        if ((cookies != null) && (cookies.length > 0)) {
+            out.println(RB.getString("cookies.cookies") + "<br>");
+            for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
+                Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
+                out.print("Cookie Name: " + HTMLFilter.filter(cookie.getName())
+                          + "<br>");
+                out.println("  Cookie Value: "
+                            + HTMLFilter.filter(cookie.getValue())
+                            + "<br><br>");
+            }
+        } else {
+            out.println(RB.getString("cookies.no-cookies"));
+        }
+
+        if (aCookie != null) {
+            out.println("<P>");
+            out.println(RB.getString("cookies.set") + "<br>");
+            out.print(RB.getString("cookies.name") + "  "
+                      + HTMLFilter.filter(cookieName) + "<br>");
+            out.print(RB.getString("cookies.value") + "  "
+                      + HTMLFilter.filter(cookieValue));
+        }
+
+        out.println("<P>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("cookies.make-cookie") + "<br>");
+        out.print("<form action=\"");
+        out.println("CookieExample\" method=POST>");
+        out.print(RB.getString("cookies.name") + "  ");
+        out.println("<input type=text length=20 name=cookiename><br>");
+        out.print(RB.getString("cookies.value") + "  ");
+        out.println("<input type=text length=20 name=cookievalue><br>");
+        out.println("<input type=submit></form>");
+
+
+        out.println("</body>");
+        out.println("</html>");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        doGet(request, response);
+    }
+
+}
+
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/HelloWorldExample.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/HelloWorldExample.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41e3c40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/HelloWorldExample.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/HelloWorldExample.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/HelloWorldExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9902e3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/HelloWorldExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+/**
+ * The simplest possible servlet.
+ *
+ * @author James Duncan Davidson
+ */
+
+public class HelloWorldExample extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        ResourceBundle rb =
+            ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings",request.getLocale());
+        response.setContentType("text/html");
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+
+        out.println("<html>");
+        out.println("<head>");
+
+        String title = rb.getString("helloworld.title");
+
+        out.println("<title>" + title + "</title>");
+        out.println("</head>");
+        out.println("<body bgcolor=\"white\">");
+
+        // note that all links are created to be relative. this
+        // ensures that we can move the web application that this
+        // servlet belongs to to a different place in the url
+        // tree and not have any harmful side effects.
+
+        // XXX
+        // making these absolute till we work out the
+        // addition of a PathInfo issue
+
+        out.println("<a href=\"../helloworld.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/code.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"view code\"></a>");
+        out.println("<a href=\"../index.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/return.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"return\"></a>");
+        out.println("<h1>" + title + "</h1>");
+        out.println("</body>");
+        out.println("</html>");
+    }
+}
+
+
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings.properties b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad09647
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# $Id: LocalStrings.properties 467217 2006-10-24 03:14:34Z markt $
+
+# Default localized resources for example servlets
+# This locale is en_US
+
+helloworld.title=Hello World!
+
+requestinfo.title=Request Information Example
+requestinfo.label.method=Method:
+requestinfo.label.requesturi=Request URI:
+requestinfo.label.protocol=Protocol:
+requestinfo.label.pathinfo=Path Info:
+requestinfo.label.remoteaddr=Remote Address:
+
+requestheader.title=Request Header Example
+
+requestparams.title=Request Parameters Example
+requestparams.params-in-req=Parameters in this request:
+requestparams.no-params=No Parameters, Please enter some
+requestparams.firstname=First Name:
+requestparams.lastname=Last Name:
+
+cookies.title=Cookies Example
+cookies.cookies=Your browser is sending the following cookies:
+cookies.no-cookies=Your browser isn't sending any cookies
+cookies.make-cookie=Create a cookie to send to your browser
+cookies.name=Name:
+cookies.value=Value:
+cookies.set=You just sent the following cookie to your browser:
+
+sessions.title=Sessions Example
+sessions.id=Session ID:
+sessions.created=Created:
+sessions.lastaccessed=Last Accessed:
+sessions.data=The following data is in your session:
+sessions.adddata=Add data to your session
+sessions.dataname=Name of Session Attribute:
+sessions.datavalue=Value of Session Attribute:
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_en.properties b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_en.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09ea92c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_en.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# $Id: LocalStrings_en.properties 467217 2006-10-24 03:14:34Z markt $
+
+# Default localized resources for example servlets
+# This locale is en_US
+
+helloworld.title=Hello World!
+
+requestinfo.title=Request Information Example
+requestinfo.label.method=Method:
+requestinfo.label.requesturi=Request URI:
+requestinfo.label.protocol=Protocol:
+requestinfo.label.pathinfo=Path Info:
+requestinfo.label.remoteaddr=Remote Address:
+
+requestheader.title=Request Header Example
+
+requestparams.title=Request Parameters Example
+requestparams.params-in-req=Parameters in this request:
+requestparams.no-params=No Parameters, Please enter some
+requestparams.firstname=First Name:
+requestparams.lastname=Last Name:
+
+cookies.title=Cookies Example
+cookies.cookies=Your browser is sending the following cookies:
+cookies.no-cookies=Your browser isn't sending any cookies
+cookies.make-cookie=Create a cookie to send to your browser
+cookies.name=Name:
+cookies.value=Value:
+cookies.set=You just sent the following cookie to your browser:
+
+sessions.title=Sessions Example
+sessions.id=Session ID:
+sessions.created=Created:
+sessions.lastaccessed=Last Accessed:
+sessions.data=The following data is in your session:
+sessions.adddata=Add data to your session
+sessions.dataname=Name of Session Attribute:
+sessions.datavalue=Value of Session Attribute:
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_es.properties b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_es.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..009e34d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_es.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+helloworld.title = Hola Mundo\!
+requestinfo.title = Ejemplo de Informacion de Requerimiento\:
+requestinfo.label.method = M\u00E9todo\:
+requestinfo.label.requesturi = URI de Requerimiento\:
+requestinfo.label.protocol = Protocolo\:
+requestinfo.label.pathinfo = Info de Ruta\:
+requestinfo.label.remoteaddr = Direccion Remota\:
+requestheader.title = Ejemplo de Cabecera de Requerimiento\:
+requestparams.title = Ejemplo de par\u00E1metros de Requerimiento\:
+requestparams.params-in-req = Par\u00E1metros en este Request\:
+requestparams.no-params = No hay p\u00E1rametro. Por favor, usa alguno
+requestparams.firstname = Nombre\:
+requestparams.lastname = Apellidos\:
+cookies.title = Ejemplo de Cookies
+cookies.cookies = Tu navegador est\u00E1 enviando los siguientes cookies\:
+cookies.no-cookies = Tu navegador no est\u00E1 enviando cookies
+cookies.make-cookie = Crea un cookie para enviarlo a tu navegador
+cookies.name = Nombre\:
+cookies.value = Valor\:
+cookies.set = Acabas de enviar a tu navegador estos cookies\:
+sessions.title = Ejemplo de Sesiones
+sessions.id = ID de Sesi\u00F3n\:
+sessions.created = Creado\:
+sessions.lastaccessed = Ultimo Acceso\:
+sessions.data = Lo siguientes datos est\u00E1n en tu sesi\u00F3n\:
+sessions.adddata = A\u00F1ade datos a tu sesi\u00F3n\:
+sessions.dataname = Nombre del atributo de sesi\u00F3n\:
+sessions.datavalue = Valor del atributo de sesi\u00F3n\:
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_fr.properties b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_fr.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b800ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_fr.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# $Id: LocalStrings_fr.properties 919503 2010-03-05 17:07:14Z jfclere $
+
+# Default localized resources for example servlets
+# This locale is fr_FR
+
+helloworld.title=Salut le Monde!
+
+requestinfo.title=Exemple d''information sur la requ\u00eate
+requestinfo.label.method=M\u00e9thode:
+requestinfo.label.requesturi=URI de requ\u00eate:
+requestinfo.label.protocol=Protocole:
+requestinfo.label.pathinfo=Info de chemin:
+requestinfo.label.remoteaddr=Adresse distante:
+
+requestheader.title=Exemple d''information sur les ent\u00eate de requ\u00eate
+
+requestparams.title=Exemple de requ\u00eate avec param\u00eatres
+requestparams.params-in-req=Param\u00eatres dans la requ\u00eate:
+requestparams.no-params=Pas de param\u00eatre, merci dans saisir quelqu'uns
+requestparams.firstname=Pr\u00e9nom:
+requestparams.lastname=Nom:
+
+cookies.title=Exemple d''utilisation de Cookies
+cookies.cookies=Votre navigateur retourne les cookies suivant:
+cookies.no-cookies=Votre navigateur ne retourne aucun cookie
+cookies.make-cookie=Cr\u00e9ation d''un cookie \u00e0 retourner \u00e0 votre navigateur
+cookies.name=Nom:
+cookies.value=Valeur:
+cookies.set=Vous venez d''envoyer le cookie suivant \u00e0 votre navigateur:
+
+sessions.title=Exemple de Sessions
+sessions.id=ID de Session:
+sessions.created=Cr\u00e9e le:
+sessions.lastaccessed=Dernier acc\u00e8s:
+sessions.data=Les donn\u00e9es existantes dans votre session:
+sessions.adddata=Ajouter des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 votre session
+sessions.dataname=Nom de l''Attribut de Session:
+sessions.datavalue=Valeur de l''Attribut de Session:
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_pt.properties b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_pt.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8cb6bf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/LocalStrings_pt.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# $Id: LocalStrings_pt.properties 467217 2006-10-24 03:14:34Z markt $
+
+# Default localized resources for example servlets
+# This locale is pt_PT
+
+helloworld.title=Ola Mundo!
+
+requestinfo.title=Exemplo da Informacao do Pedido
+requestinfo.label.method=Metodo:
+requestinfo.label.requesturi=URI do Pedido:
+requestinfo.label.protocol=Protocolo:
+requestinfo.label.pathinfo=Informacao do Caminho:
+requestinfo.label.remoteaddr=Endereco Remoto:
+
+requestheader.title=Exemplo da Cebeceira do Pedido
+
+requestparams.title=Examplo de Parametros do Pedido
+requestparams.params-in-req=Parametros neste pedido:
+requestparams.no-params=Sem Parametros, Por favor entre alguns
+requestparams.firstname=Primeiro Nome:
+requestparams.lastname=Apelido:
+
+cookies.title=CExamplo de Cookies
+cookies.cookies=O se browser esta a enviar os seguintes cookies:
+cookies.no-cookies=O seu browser nao esta a enviar nenhuns cookies
+cookies.make-cookie=Crie um cookie para enviar para o seu browser
+cookies.name=Nome:
+cookies.value=Valor:
+cookies.set=Acabou de enviar o seguinte cookie para o seu browser:
+
+sessions.title=Examplo de sessoes
+sessions.id=Identificador da Sessao:
+sessions.created=Criada:
+sessions.lastaccessed=Ultima vez acedida:
+sessions.data=Os seguintes dados fazem parte da sua sessao:
+sessions.adddata=Adicione data a sua sessao
+sessions.dataname=Nome do atributo da sessao:
+sessions.datavalue=Valor do atributo da Sessao:
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestHeaderExample.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestHeaderExample.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b40bedd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestHeaderExample.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestHeaderExample.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestHeaderExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..645a94c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestHeaderExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+/* $Id: RequestHeaderExample.java 1337730 2012-05-12 23:17:21Z kkolinko $
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import util.HTMLFilter;
+
+/**
+ * Example servlet showing request headers
+ *
+ * @author James Duncan Davidson <duncan@eng.sun.com>
+ */
+
+public class RequestHeaderExample extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final ResourceBundle RB = ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings");
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType("text/html");
+
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println("<html>");
+        out.println("<head>");
+
+        String title = RB.getString("requestheader.title");
+        out.println("<title>" + title + "</title>");
+        out.println("</head>");
+        out.println("<body bgcolor=\"white\">");
+
+        // all links relative
+
+        // XXX
+        // making these absolute till we work out the
+        // addition of a PathInfo issue
+
+        out.println("<a href=\"../reqheaders.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/code.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"view code\"></a>");
+        out.println("<a href=\"../index.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/return.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"return\"></a>");
+
+        out.println("<h3>" + title + "</h3>");
+        out.println("<table border=0>");
+        Enumeration<String> e = request.getHeaderNames();
+        while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+            String headerName = e.nextElement();
+            String headerValue = request.getHeader(headerName);
+            out.println("<tr><td bgcolor=\"#CCCCCC\">");
+            out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(headerName));
+            out.println("</td><td>");
+            out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(headerValue));
+            out.println("</td></tr>");
+        }
+        out.println("</table>");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        doGet(request, response);
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestInfoExample.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestInfoExample.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e42d042
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestInfoExample.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestInfoExample.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestInfoExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2154b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestInfoExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+/* $Id: RequestInfoExample.java 1337742 2012-05-12 23:58:37Z kkolinko $
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import util.HTMLFilter;
+
+/**
+ * Example servlet showing request information.
+ *
+ * @author James Duncan Davidson <duncan@eng.sun.com>
+ */
+
+public class RequestInfoExample extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final ResourceBundle RB = ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings");
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType("text/html");
+
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println("<html>");
+        out.println("<head>");
+
+        String title = RB.getString("requestinfo.title");
+        out.println("<title>" + title + "</title>");
+        out.println("</head>");
+        out.println("<body bgcolor=\"white\">");
+
+        // img stuff not req'd for source code html showing
+        // all links relative!
+
+        // XXX
+        // making these absolute till we work out the
+        // addition of a PathInfo issue
+
+        out.println("<a href=\"../reqinfo.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/code.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"view code\"></a>");
+        out.println("<a href=\"../index.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/return.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"return\"></a>");
+
+        out.println("<h3>" + title + "</h3>");
+        out.println("<table border=0><tr><td>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestinfo.label.method"));
+        out.println("</td><td>");
+        out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(request.getMethod()));
+        out.println("</td></tr><tr><td>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestinfo.label.requesturi"));
+        out.println("</td><td>");
+        out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRequestURI()));
+        out.println("</td></tr><tr><td>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestinfo.label.protocol"));
+        out.println("</td><td>");
+        out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(request.getProtocol()));
+        out.println("</td></tr><tr><td>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestinfo.label.pathinfo"));
+        out.println("</td><td>");
+        out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(request.getPathInfo()));
+        out.println("</td></tr><tr><td>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestinfo.label.remoteaddr"));
+        out.println("</td><td>");
+        out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteAddr()));
+        out.println("</td></tr>");
+
+        String cipherSuite=
+                (String)request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.request.cipher_suite");
+        if(cipherSuite!=null){
+            out.println("<tr><td>");
+            out.println("SSLCipherSuite:");
+            out.println("</td><td>");
+            out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(cipherSuite));
+            out.println("</td></tr>");
+        }
+
+        out.println("</table>");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        doGet(request, response);
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestParamExample.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestParamExample.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1abc549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestParamExample.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestParamExample.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestParamExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e77f2ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/RequestParamExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+/* $Id: RequestParamExample.java 1337730 2012-05-12 23:17:21Z kkolinko $
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import util.HTMLFilter;
+
+/**
+ * Example servlet showing request headers
+ *
+ * @author James Duncan Davidson <duncan@eng.sun.com>
+ */
+
+public class RequestParamExample extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final ResourceBundle RB = ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings");
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType("text/html");
+
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println("<html>");
+        out.println("<head>");
+
+        String title = RB.getString("requestparams.title");
+        out.println("<title>" + title + "</title>");
+        out.println("</head>");
+        out.println("<body bgcolor=\"white\">");
+
+        // img stuff not req'd for source code html showing
+
+       // all links relative
+
+        // XXX
+        // making these absolute till we work out the
+        // addition of a PathInfo issue
+
+        out.println("<a href=\"../reqparams.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/code.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"view code\"></a>");
+        out.println("<a href=\"../index.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/return.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"return\"></a>");
+
+        out.println("<h3>" + title + "</h3>");
+        String firstName = request.getParameter("firstname");
+        String lastName = request.getParameter("lastname");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestparams.params-in-req") + "<br>");
+        if (firstName != null || lastName != null) {
+            out.println(RB.getString("requestparams.firstname"));
+            out.println(" = " + HTMLFilter.filter(firstName) + "<br>");
+            out.println(RB.getString("requestparams.lastname"));
+            out.println(" = " + HTMLFilter.filter(lastName));
+        } else {
+            out.println(RB.getString("requestparams.no-params"));
+        }
+        out.println("<P>");
+        out.print("<form action=\"");
+        out.print("RequestParamExample\" ");
+        out.println("method=POST>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestparams.firstname"));
+        out.println("<input type=text size=20 name=firstname>");
+        out.println("<br>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("requestparams.lastname"));
+        out.println("<input type=text size=20 name=lastname>");
+        out.println("<br>");
+        out.println("<input type=submit>");
+        out.println("</form>");
+
+        out.println("</body>");
+        out.println("</html>");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        doGet(request, response);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/ServletToJsp.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/ServletToJsp.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4432239
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/ServletToJsp.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/ServletToJsp.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/ServletToJsp.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5cd80a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/ServletToJsp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+public class ServletToJsp extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet (HttpServletRequest request,
+            HttpServletResponse response) {
+
+       try {
+           // Set the attribute and Forward to hello.jsp
+           request.setAttribute ("servletName", "servletToJsp");
+           getServletConfig().getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher(
+                   "/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp").forward(request, response);
+       } catch (Exception ex) {
+           ex.printStackTrace ();
+       }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/SessionExample.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/SessionExample.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2e0b84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/SessionExample.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/SessionExample.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/SessionExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9337e8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/SessionExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+/* $Id: SessionExample.java 1337746 2012-05-13 00:17:51Z kkolinko $
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
+
+import util.HTMLFilter;
+
+/**
+ * Example servlet showing request headers
+ *
+ * @author James Duncan Davidson <duncan@eng.sun.com>
+ */
+
+public class SessionExample extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final ResourceBundle RB = ResourceBundle.getBundle("LocalStrings");
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType("text/html");
+
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println("<html>");
+        out.println("<head>");
+
+        String title = RB.getString("sessions.title");
+        out.println("<title>" + title + "</title>");
+        out.println("</head>");
+        out.println("<body bgcolor=\"white\">");
+
+        // img stuff not req'd for source code html showing
+        // relative links everywhere!
+
+        // XXX
+        // making these absolute till we work out the
+        // addition of a PathInfo issue
+
+        out.println("<a href=\"../sessions.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/code.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"view code\"></a>");
+        out.println("<a href=\"../index.html\">");
+        out.println("<img src=\"../images/return.gif\" height=24 " +
+                    "width=24 align=right border=0 alt=\"return\"></a>");
+
+        out.println("<h3>" + title + "</h3>");
+
+        HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.id") + " " + session.getId());
+        out.println("<br>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.created") + " ");
+        out.println(new Date(session.getCreationTime()) + "<br>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.lastaccessed") + " ");
+        out.println(new Date(session.getLastAccessedTime()));
+
+        String dataName = request.getParameter("dataname");
+        String dataValue = request.getParameter("datavalue");
+        if (dataName != null && dataValue != null) {
+            session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);
+        }
+
+        out.println("<P>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.data") + "<br>");
+        Enumeration<String> names = session.getAttributeNames();
+        while (names.hasMoreElements()) {
+            String name = names.nextElement();
+            String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();
+            out.println(HTMLFilter.filter(name) + " = "
+                        + HTMLFilter.filter(value) + "<br>");
+        }
+
+        out.println("<P>");
+        out.print("<form action=\"");
+        out.print(response.encodeURL("SessionExample"));
+        out.print("\" ");
+        out.println("method=POST>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.dataname"));
+        out.println("<input type=text size=20 name=dataname>");
+        out.println("<br>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.datavalue"));
+        out.println("<input type=text size=20 name=datavalue>");
+        out.println("<br>");
+        out.println("<input type=submit>");
+        out.println("</form>");
+
+        out.println("<P>GET based form:<br>");
+        out.print("<form action=\"");
+        out.print(response.encodeURL("SessionExample"));
+        out.print("\" ");
+        out.println("method=GET>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.dataname"));
+        out.println("<input type=text size=20 name=dataname>");
+        out.println("<br>");
+        out.println(RB.getString("sessions.datavalue"));
+        out.println("<input type=text size=20 name=datavalue>");
+        out.println("<br>");
+        out.println("<input type=submit>");
+        out.println("</form>");
+
+        out.print("<p><a href=\"");
+        out.print(HTMLFilter.filter(response.encodeURL("SessionExample?dataname=foo&datavalue=bar")));
+        out.println("\" >URL encoded </a>");
+
+        out.println("</body>");
+        out.println("</html>");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
+                      HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        doGet(request, response);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0$1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0$1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..021733f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0$1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..050e4e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41db2a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async0.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package async;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
+import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
+
+public class Async0 extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Async0.class);
+
+    @Override
+    protected void service(final HttpServletRequest req, final HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
+        if (Boolean.TRUE == req.getAttribute("dispatch")) {
+            log.info("Received dispatch, completing on the worker thread.");
+            log.info("After complete called started:"+req.isAsyncStarted());
+            resp.getWriter().write("Async dispatch worked:+"+System.currentTimeMillis()+"\n");
+        } else {
+            resp.setContentType("text/plain");
+            final AsyncContext actx = req.startAsync();
+            actx.setTimeout(Long.MAX_VALUE);
+            Runnable run = new Runnable() {
+                @Override
+                public void run() {
+                    try {
+                        req.setAttribute("dispatch", Boolean.TRUE);
+                        Thread.currentThread().setName("Async0-Thread");
+                        log.info("Putting AsyncThread to sleep");
+                        Thread.sleep(2*1000);
+                        log.info("Dispatching");
+                        actx.dispatch();
+                    }catch (InterruptedException x) {
+                        log.error("Async1",x);
+                    }catch (IllegalStateException x) {
+                        log.error("Async1",x);
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+            Thread t = new Thread(run);
+            t.start();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1$1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1$1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..531cadb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1$1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb85ea0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9403a3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package async;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
+import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
+
+public class Async1 extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Async1.class);
+
+    @Override
+    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
+        final AsyncContext actx = req.startAsync();
+        actx.setTimeout(30*1000);
+        Runnable run = new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    String path = "/jsp/async/async1.jsp";
+                    Thread.currentThread().setName("Async1-Thread");
+                    log.info("Putting AsyncThread to sleep");
+                    Thread.sleep(2*1000);
+                    log.info("Dispatching to "+path);
+                    actx.dispatch(path);
+                }catch (InterruptedException x) {
+                    log.error("Async1",x);
+                }catch (IllegalStateException x) {
+                    log.error("Async1",x);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        Thread t = new Thread(run);
+        t.start();
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2$1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2$1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10cfa14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2$1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d79bb88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..649afbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package async;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
+import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
+
+public class Async2 extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Async2.class);
+
+    @Override
+    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
+        final AsyncContext actx = req.startAsync();
+        actx.setTimeout(30*1000);
+        Runnable run = new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    Thread.currentThread().setName("Async2-Thread");
+                    log.info("Putting AsyncThread to sleep");
+                    Thread.sleep(2*1000);
+                    log.info("Writing data.");
+                    actx.getResponse().getWriter().write("Output from background thread. Time:"+System.currentTimeMillis()+"\n");
+                    actx.complete();
+                }catch (InterruptedException x) {
+                    log.error("Async2",x);
+                }catch (IllegalStateException x) {
+                    log.error("Async2",x);
+                }catch (IOException x) {
+                    log.error("Async2",x);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        Thread t = new Thread(run);
+        t.start();
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async3.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async3.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd90d90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async3.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async3.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async3.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39e0fe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Async3.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package async;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+public class Async3 extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
+        final AsyncContext actx = req.startAsync();
+        actx.setTimeout(30*1000);
+        actx.dispatch("/jsp/async/async3.jsp");
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockServlet.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockServlet.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1f9c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockServlet.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockServlet.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockServlet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e172f63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/AsyncStockServlet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+package async;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
+import javax.servlet.AsyncEvent;
+import javax.servlet.AsyncListener;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import async.Stockticker.Stock;
+import async.Stockticker.TickListener;
+
+public class AsyncStockServlet extends HttpServlet implements TickListener, AsyncListener{
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    public static final String POLL = "POLL";
+    public static final String LONG_POLL = "LONG-POLL";
+    public static final String STREAM = "STREAM";
+
+    static ArrayList<Stock> ticks = new ArrayList<Stock>();
+    static ConcurrentLinkedQueue<AsyncContext> clients = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<AsyncContext>();
+    static AtomicInteger clientcount = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    static Stockticker ticker = new Stockticker();
+
+    public AsyncStockServlet() {
+        System.out.println("AsyncStockServlet created");
+    }
+
+
+    @Override
+    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
+            throws ServletException, IOException {
+        if (req.isAsyncStarted()) {
+            req.getAsyncContext().complete();
+        } else if (req.isAsyncSupported()) {
+            AsyncContext actx = req.startAsync();
+            actx.addListener(this);
+            resp.setContentType("text/plain");
+            clients.add(actx);
+            if (clientcount.incrementAndGet()==1) {
+                ticker.addTickListener(this);
+            }
+        } else {
+            new Exception("Async Not Supported").printStackTrace();
+            resp.sendError(400,"Async is not supported.");
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @Override
+    public void tick(Stock stock) {
+        ticks.add((Stock)stock.clone());
+        Iterator<AsyncContext> it = clients.iterator();
+        while (it.hasNext()) {
+            AsyncContext actx = it.next();
+            writeStock(actx, stock);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void writeStock(AsyncContext actx, Stock stock) {
+        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)actx.getResponse();
+        try {
+            PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
+            writer.write("STOCK#");//make client parsing easier
+            writer.write(stock.getSymbol());
+            writer.write("#");
+            writer.write(stock.getValueAsString());
+            writer.write("#");
+            writer.write(stock.getLastChangeAsString());
+            writer.write("#");
+            writer.write(String.valueOf(stock.getCnt()));
+            writer.write("\n");
+            writer.flush();
+            response.flushBuffer();
+        }catch (IOException x) {
+            try {actx.complete();}catch (Exception ignore){/* Ignore */}
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onComplete(AsyncEvent event) throws IOException {
+        if (clients.remove(event.getAsyncContext()) && clientcount.decrementAndGet()==0) {
+            ticker.removeTickListener(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onError(AsyncEvent event) throws IOException {
+        event.getAsyncContext().complete();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onTimeout(AsyncEvent event) throws IOException {
+        event.getAsyncContext().complete();
+    }
+
+
+    @Override
+    public void onStartAsync(AsyncEvent event) throws IOException {
+        // NOOP
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker$Stock.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker$Stock.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf771c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker$Stock.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker$TickListener.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker$TickListener.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..928b52f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker$TickListener.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a99163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0bebf86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/Stockticker.java
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/*
+ *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+package async;
+
+import java.text.DecimalFormat;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+public class Stockticker implements Runnable {
+        public volatile boolean run = true;
+        protected AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        ArrayList<TickListener> listeners = new ArrayList<TickListener>();
+        protected volatile Thread ticker = null;
+        protected volatile int ticknr = 0;
+
+        public synchronized void start() {
+            run = true;
+            ticker = new Thread(this);
+            ticker.setName("Ticker Thread");
+            ticker.start();
+        }
+
+        public synchronized void stop() {
+            run = false;
+            try {
+                ticker.join();
+            }catch (InterruptedException x) {
+                Thread.interrupted();
+            }
+
+            ticker = null;
+        }
+
+        public void addTickListener(TickListener listener) {
+            if (listeners.add(listener)) {
+                if (counter.incrementAndGet()==1) start();
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        public void removeTickListener(TickListener listener) {
+            if (listeners.remove(listener)) {
+                if (counter.decrementAndGet()==0) stop();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+
+                Stock[] stocks = new Stock[] { new Stock("GOOG", 435.43),
+                        new Stock("YHOO", 27.88), new Stock("ASF", 1015.55), };
+                Random r = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
+                while (run) {
+                    for (int j = 0; j < 1; j++) {
+                        int i = r.nextInt() % 3;
+                        if (i < 0)
+                            i = i * (-1);
+                        Stock stock = stocks[i];
+                        double change = r.nextDouble();
+                        boolean plus = r.nextBoolean();
+                        if (plus) {
+                            stock.setValue(stock.getValue() + change);
+                        } else {
+                            stock.setValue(stock.getValue() - change);
+                        }
+                        stock.setCnt(++ticknr);
+                        for (TickListener l : listeners) {
+                            l.tick(stock);
+                        }
+
+                    }
+                    Thread.sleep(850);
+                }
+            } catch (InterruptedException ix) {
+                // Ignore
+            } catch (Exception x) {
+                x.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+
+
+    public static interface TickListener {
+        public void tick(Stock stock);
+    }
+
+    public static final class Stock implements Cloneable {
+        protected static DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.00");
+        protected String symbol = "";
+        protected double value = 0.0d;
+        protected double lastchange = 0.0d;
+        protected int cnt = 0;
+
+        public Stock(String symbol, double initvalue) {
+            this.symbol = symbol;
+            this.value = initvalue;
+        }
+
+        public void setCnt(int c) {
+            this.cnt = c;
+        }
+
+        public int getCnt() {
+            return cnt;
+        }
+
+        public String getSymbol() {
+            return symbol;
+        }
+
+        public double getValue() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        public void setValue(double value) {
+            double old = this.value;
+            this.value = value;
+            this.lastchange = value - old;
+        }
+
+        public String getValueAsString() {
+            return df.format(value);
+        }
+
+        public double getLastChange() {
+            return this.lastchange;
+        }
+
+        public void setLastChange(double lastchange) {
+            this.lastchange = lastchange;
+        }
+
+        public String getLastChangeAsString() {
+            return df.format(lastchange);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return symbol.hashCode();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            if (other instanceof Stock) {
+                return this.symbol.equals(((Stock) other).symbol);
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder("STOCK#");
+            buf.append(getSymbol());
+            buf.append("#");
+            buf.append(getValueAsString());
+            buf.append("#");
+            buf.append(getLastChangeAsString());
+            buf.append("#");
+            buf.append(String.valueOf(getCnt()));
+            return buf.toString();
+
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Object clone() {
+            Stock s = new Stock(this.getSymbol(), this.getValue());
+            s.setLastChange(this.getLastChange());
+            s.setCnt(this.cnt);
+            return s;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entries.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entries.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30bed2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entries.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entries.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entries.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..443cd60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entries.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package cal;
+
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+public class Entries {
+
+    private Hashtable<String, Entry> entries;
+    private static final String[] time = { "8am", "9am", "10am", "11am",
+            "12pm", "1pm", "2pm", "3pm", "4pm", "5pm", "6pm", "7pm", "8pm" };
+    public static final int rows = 12;
+
+    public Entries() {
+        entries = new Hashtable<String, Entry>(rows);
+        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
+            entries.put(time[i], new Entry(time[i]));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getRows() {
+        return rows;
+    }
+
+    public Entry getEntry(int index) {
+        return this.entries.get(time[index]);
+    }
+
+    public int getIndex(String tm) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
+            if (tm.equals(time[i]))
+                return i;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    public void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, String tm) {
+        int index = getIndex(tm);
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            String descr = request.getParameter("description");
+            entries.get(time[index]).setDescription(descr);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entry.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entry.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44c493d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entry.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entry.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entry.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6403b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/Entry.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package cal;
+
+public class Entry {
+
+    String hour;
+    String description;
+
+    public Entry(String hour) {
+        this.hour = hour;
+        this.description = "";
+
+    }
+
+    public String getHour() {
+        return this.hour;
+    }
+
+    public String getColor() {
+        if (description.equals("")) {
+            return "lightblue";
+        }
+        return "red";
+    }
+
+    public String getDescription() {
+        if (description.equals("")) {
+            return "None";
+        }
+        return this.description;
+    }
+
+    public void setDescription(String descr) {
+        description = descr;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/JspCalendar.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/JspCalendar.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1c6efa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/JspCalendar.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/JspCalendar.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/JspCalendar.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dff319c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/JspCalendar.java
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package cal;
+
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+public class JspCalendar {
+    Calendar  calendar = null;
+
+    public JspCalendar() {
+        calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+        Date trialTime = new Date();
+        calendar.setTime(trialTime);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public String getMonth() {
+        int m = getMonthInt();
+        String[] months = new String [] { "January", "February", "March",
+                                        "April", "May", "June",
+                                        "July", "August", "September",
+                                        "October", "November", "December" };
+        if (m > 12)
+            return "Unknown to Man";
+
+        return months[m - 1];
+
+    }
+
+    public String getDay() {
+        int x = getDayOfWeek();
+        String[] days = new String[] {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
+                                      "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
+
+        if (x > 7)
+            return "Unknown to Man";
+
+        return days[x - 1];
+
+    }
+
+    public int getMonthInt() {
+        return 1 + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public String getDate() {
+        return getMonthInt() + "/" + getDayOfMonth() + "/" +  getYear();
+    }
+
+    public String getCurrentDate() {
+        Date dt = new Date ();
+        calendar.setTime (dt);
+        return getMonthInt() + "/" + getDayOfMonth() + "/" +  getYear();
+
+    }
+
+    public String getNextDate() {
+        calendar.set (Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, getDayOfMonth() + 1);
+        return getDate ();
+    }
+
+    public String getPrevDate() {
+        calendar.set (Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, getDayOfMonth() - 1);
+        return getDate ();
+    }
+
+    public String getTime() {
+        return getHour() + ":" + getMinute() + ":" + getSecond();
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfMonth() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public int getWeekOfYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public int getWeekOfMonth() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfWeek() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
+    }
+
+    public int getHour() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
+    }
+
+    public int getMinute() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getSecond() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getEra() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.ERA);
+    }
+
+    public String getUSTimeZone() {
+        String[] zones = new String[] {"Hawaii", "Alaskan", "Pacific",
+                                       "Mountain", "Central", "Eastern"};
+
+        return zones[10 + getZoneOffset()];
+    }
+
+    public int getZoneOffset() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET)/(60*60*1000);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getDSTOffset() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DST_OFFSET)/(60*60*1000);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getAMPM() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.AM_PM);
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/TableBean.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/TableBean.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdd37a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/TableBean.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/TableBean.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/TableBean.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c32e68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/TableBean.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package cal;
+
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+public class TableBean {
+
+    Hashtable<String, Entries> table;
+    JspCalendar JspCal;
+    Entries entries;
+    String date;
+    String name = null;
+    String email = null;
+    boolean processError = false;
+
+    public TableBean() {
+        this.table = new Hashtable<String, Entries>(10);
+        this.JspCal = new JspCalendar();
+        this.date = JspCal.getCurrentDate();
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String nm) {
+        this.name = nm;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return this.name;
+    }
+
+    public void setEmail(String mail) {
+        this.email = mail;
+    }
+
+    public String getEmail() {
+        return this.email;
+    }
+
+    public String getDate() {
+        return this.date;
+    }
+
+    public Entries getEntries() {
+        return this.entries;
+    }
+
+    public void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
+
+        // Get the name and e-mail.
+        this.processError = false;
+        if (name == null || name.equals(""))
+            setName(request.getParameter("name"));
+        if (email == null || email.equals(""))
+            setEmail(request.getParameter("email"));
+        if (name == null || email == null || name.equals("")
+                || email.equals("")) {
+            this.processError = true;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Get the date.
+        String dateR = request.getParameter("date");
+        if (dateR == null)
+            date = JspCal.getCurrentDate();
+        else if (dateR.equalsIgnoreCase("next"))
+            date = JspCal.getNextDate();
+        else if (dateR.equalsIgnoreCase("prev"))
+            date = JspCal.getPrevDate();
+
+        entries = table.get(date);
+        if (entries == null) {
+            entries = new Entries();
+            table.put(date, entries);
+        }
+
+        // If time is provided add the event.
+        String time = request.getParameter("time");
+        if (time != null)
+            entries.processRequest(request, time);
+    }
+
+    public boolean getProcessError() {
+        return this.processError;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet$MessageSender.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet$MessageSender.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc19228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet$MessageSender.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea047bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9aa6984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/chat/ChatServlet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+package chat;
+
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import org.apache.catalina.comet.CometEvent;
+import org.apache.catalina.comet.CometProcessor;
+
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to implement Comet functionality.
+ */
+public class ChatServlet
+    extends HttpServlet implements CometProcessor {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
+
+    protected ArrayList<HttpServletResponse> connections =
+        new ArrayList<HttpServletResponse>();
+    protected transient MessageSender messageSender = null;
+
+    @Override
+    public void init() throws ServletException {
+        messageSender = new MessageSender();
+        Thread messageSenderThread =
+            new Thread(messageSender, "MessageSender[" + getServletContext().getContextPath() + "]");
+        messageSenderThread.setDaemon(true);
+        messageSenderThread.start();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void destroy() {
+        connections.clear();
+        messageSender.stop();
+        messageSender = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process the given Comet event.
+     *
+     * @param event The Comet event that will be processed
+     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws ServletException
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void event(CometEvent event)
+        throws IOException, ServletException {
+
+        // Note: There should really be two servlets in this example, to avoid
+        // mixing Comet stuff with regular connection processing
+        HttpServletRequest request = event.getHttpServletRequest();
+        HttpServletResponse response = event.getHttpServletResponse();
+
+        if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.BEGIN) {
+            String action = request.getParameter("action");
+            if (action != null) {
+                if ("login".equals(action)) {
+                    String nickname = request.getParameter("nickname");
+                    request.getSession(true).setAttribute("nickname", nickname);
+                    response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
+                    event.close();
+                    return;
+                }
+                String nickname = (String) request.getSession(true).getAttribute("nickname");
+                String message = request.getParameter("message");
+                messageSender.send(nickname, message);
+                response.sendRedirect("post.jsp");
+                event.close();
+                return;
+            }
+            if (request.getSession(true).getAttribute("nickname") == null) {
+                // Redirect to "login"
+                log("Redirect to login for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+                response.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
+                event.close();
+                return;
+            }
+            begin(event, request, response);
+        } else if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.ERROR) {
+            error(event, request, response);
+        } else if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.END) {
+            end(event, request, response);
+        } else if (event.getEventType() == CometEvent.EventType.READ) {
+            read(event, request, response);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void begin(@SuppressWarnings("unused") CometEvent event,
+            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException {
+        log("Begin for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+
+        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=" + CHARSET);
+
+        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
+        writer.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">");
+        writer.println("<html><head><title>JSP Chat</title></head><body bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\">");
+        writer.println("<div>Welcome to the chat. <a href='chat'>Click here to reload this window</a></div>");
+        writer.flush();
+
+        synchronized(connections) {
+            connections.add(response);
+        }
+
+        messageSender.send("Tomcat", request.getSession(true).getAttribute("nickname") + " joined the chat.");
+    }
+
+    protected void end(CometEvent event, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException {
+        log("End for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+        synchronized(connections) {
+            connections.remove(response);
+        }
+
+        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
+        writer.println("</body></html>");
+
+        event.close();
+    }
+
+    protected void error(CometEvent event, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException {
+        log("Error for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+        synchronized(connections) {
+            connections.remove(response);
+        }
+        event.close();
+    }
+
+    protected void read(CometEvent event, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException {
+        InputStream is = request.getInputStream();
+        byte[] buf = new byte[512];
+        while (is.available() > 0) {
+            log("Available: " + is.available());
+            int n = is.read(buf);
+            if (n > 0) {
+                log("Read " + n + " bytes: " + new String(buf, 0, n)
+                        + " for session: " + request.getSession(true).getId());
+            } else if (n < 0) {
+                log("End of file: " + n);
+                end(event, request, response);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws IOException, ServletException {
+        // Compatibility method: equivalent method using the regular connection model
+        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=" + CHARSET);
+        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
+        writer.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">");
+        writer.println("<html><head><title>JSP Chat</title></head><body bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\">");
+        writer.println("Chat example only supports Comet processing. ");
+        writer.println("Configure a connector that supports Comet and try again.");
+        writer.println("</body></html>");
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Poller class.
+     */
+    public class MessageSender implements Runnable {
+
+        protected boolean running = true;
+        protected ArrayList<String> messages = new ArrayList<String>();
+
+        public MessageSender() {
+            // Default contructor
+        }
+
+        public void stop() {
+            running = false;
+            synchronized (messages) {
+                messages.notify();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void send(String user, String message) {
+            synchronized (messages) {
+                messages.add("[" + user + "]: " + message);
+                messages.notify();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The background thread that listens for incoming TCP/IP connections and
+         * hands them off to an appropriate processor.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+
+            // Loop until we receive a shutdown command
+            while (running) {
+                String[] pendingMessages;
+                synchronized (messages) {
+                    try {
+                        if (messages.size() == 0) {
+                            messages.wait();
+                        }
+                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                        // Ignore
+                    }
+                    pendingMessages = messages.toArray(new String[0]);
+                    messages.clear();
+                }
+
+                synchronized (connections) {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < connections.size(); i++) {
+                        try {
+                            PrintWriter writer = connections.get(i).getWriter();
+                            for (int j = 0; j < pendingMessages.length; j++) {
+                                writer.println("<div>"+filter(pendingMessages[j]) + "</div>");
+                            }
+                            writer.flush();
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            log("IOException sending message", e);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+            }
+
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Filter the specified message string for characters that are sensitive
+     * in HTML.
+     *
+     * @param message The message string to be filtered
+     * @author Copied from org.apache.catalina.util.RequestUtil#filter(String)
+     */
+    protected static String filter(String message) {
+        if (message == null)
+            return (null);
+
+        char content[] = new char[message.length()];
+        message.getChars(0, message.length(), content, 0);
+        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(content.length + 50);
+        for (int i = 0; i < content.length; i++) {
+            switch (content[i]) {
+            case '<':
+                result.append("&lt;");
+                break;
+            case '>':
+                result.append("&gt;");
+                break;
+            case '&':
+                result.append("&amp;");
+                break;
+            case '"':
+                result.append("&quot;");
+                break;
+            default:
+                result.append(content[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        return (result.toString());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/CheckTest.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/CheckTest.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5fc31c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/CheckTest.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/CheckTest.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/CheckTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c25448b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/CheckTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package checkbox;
+
+public class CheckTest {
+
+    String b[] = new String[] { "1", "2", "3", "4" };
+
+    public String[] getFruit() {
+        return b;
+    }
+
+    public void setFruit(String [] b) {
+        this.b = b;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/ColorGameBean.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/ColorGameBean.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bed4bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/ColorGameBean.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/ColorGameBean.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/ColorGameBean.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e2d741
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/ColorGameBean.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package colors;
+
+public class ColorGameBean {
+
+    private String background = "yellow";
+    private String foreground = "red";
+    private String color1 = foreground;
+    private String color2 = background;
+    private String hint = "no";
+    private int attempts = 0;
+        private int intval = 0;
+    private boolean tookHints = false;
+
+    public void processRequest() {
+
+        // background = "yellow";
+        // foreground = "red";
+
+        if (! color1.equals(foreground)) {
+            if (color1.equalsIgnoreCase("black") ||
+                        color1.equalsIgnoreCase("cyan")) {
+                        background = color1;
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (! color2.equals(background)) {
+            if (color2.equalsIgnoreCase("black") ||
+                        color2.equalsIgnoreCase("cyan")) {
+                        foreground = color2;
+            }
+        }
+
+        attempts++;
+    }
+
+    public void setColor2(String x) {
+        color2 = x;
+    }
+
+    public void setColor1(String x) {
+        color1 = x;
+    }
+
+    public void setAction(String x) {
+        if (!tookHints)
+            tookHints = x.equalsIgnoreCase("Hint");
+        hint = x;
+    }
+
+    public String getColor2() {
+         return background;
+    }
+
+    public String getColor1() {
+         return foreground;
+    }
+
+    public int getAttempts() {
+        return attempts;
+    }
+
+    public boolean getHint() {
+        return hint.equalsIgnoreCase("Hint");
+    }
+
+    public boolean getSuccess() {
+        if (background.equalsIgnoreCase("black") ||
+            background.equalsIgnoreCase("cyan")) {
+
+            if (foreground.equalsIgnoreCase("black") ||
+                foreground.equalsIgnoreCase("cyan")) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public boolean getHintTaken() {
+        return tookHints;
+    }
+
+    public void reset() {
+        foreground = "red";
+        background = "yellow";
+    }
+
+    public void setIntval(int value) {
+        intval = value;
+        }
+
+    public int getIntval() {
+        return intval;
+        }
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilter.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilter.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4d0c88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilter.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilter.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c4a8c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package compressionFilters;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.StringTokenizer;
+
+import javax.servlet.Filter;
+import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
+import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of <code>javax.servlet.Filter</code> used to compress
+ * the ServletResponse if it is bigger than a threshold.
+ *
+ * @author Amy Roh
+ * @author Dmitri Valdin
+ */
+public class CompressionFilter implements Filter {
+
+    /**
+     * The filter configuration object we are associated with.  If this value
+     * is null, this filter instance is not currently configured.
+     */
+    private FilterConfig config = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Minimal reasonable threshold.
+     */
+    private int minThreshold = 128;
+
+    /**
+     * The threshold number to compress.
+     */
+    protected int compressionThreshold = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Minimal reasonable buffer.
+     */
+    private int minBuffer = 8192;  // 8KB is what tomcat would use by default anyway
+
+    /**
+     * The compression buffer size to avoid chunking.
+     */
+    protected int compressionBuffer = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The mime types to compress.
+     */
+    protected String[] compressionMimeTypes = {"text/html", "text/xml", "text/plain"};
+
+    /**
+     * Debug level for this filter.
+     */
+    private int debug = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Place this filter into service.
+     *
+     * @param filterConfig The filter configuration object
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) {
+
+        config = filterConfig;
+        if (filterConfig != null) {
+            String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("debug");
+            if (value!=null) {
+                debug = Integer.parseInt(value);
+            }
+
+            String str = filterConfig.getInitParameter("compressionThreshold");
+            if (str!=null) {
+                compressionThreshold = Integer.parseInt(str);
+                if (compressionThreshold != 0 && compressionThreshold < minThreshold) {
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("compressionThreshold should be either 0 - no compression or >= " + minThreshold);
+                        System.out.println("compressionThreshold set to " + minThreshold);
+                    }
+                    compressionThreshold = minThreshold;
+                }
+            }
+
+            str = filterConfig.getInitParameter("compressionBuffer");
+            if (str!=null) {
+                compressionBuffer = Integer.parseInt(str);
+                if (compressionBuffer < minBuffer) {
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("compressionBuffer should be >= " + minBuffer);
+                        System.out.println("compressionBuffer set to " + minBuffer);
+                    }
+                    compressionBuffer = minBuffer;
+                }
+            }
+
+            str = filterConfig.getInitParameter("compressionMimeTypes");
+            if (str!=null) {
+                List<String> values = new ArrayList<String>();
+                StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(str, ",");
+
+                while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
+                    String token = st.nextToken().trim();
+                    if (token.length() > 0) {
+                        values.add(token);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (values.size() > 0) {
+                    compressionMimeTypes = values.toArray(
+                            new String[values.size()]);
+                } else {
+                    compressionMimeTypes = null;
+                }
+
+                if (debug > 0) {
+                    System.out.println("compressionMimeTypes set to " + compressionMimeTypes);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+    * Take this filter out of service.
+    */
+    @Override
+    public void destroy() {
+
+        this.config = null;
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The <code>doFilter</code> method of the Filter is called by the container
+     * each time a request/response pair is passed through the chain due
+     * to a client request for a resource at the end of the chain.
+     * The FilterChain passed into this method allows the Filter to pass on the
+     * request and response to the next entity in the chain.<p>
+     * This method first examines the request to check whether the client support
+     * compression. <br>
+     * It simply just pass the request and response if there is no support for
+     * compression.<br>
+     * If the compression support is available, it creates a
+     * CompressionServletResponseWrapper object which compresses the content and
+     * modifies the header if the content length is big enough.
+     * It then invokes the next entity in the chain using the FilterChain object
+     * (<code>chain.doFilter()</code>), <br>
+     **/
+    @Override
+    public void doFilter ( ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
+                        FilterChain chain ) throws IOException, ServletException {
+
+        if (debug > 0) {
+            System.out.println("@doFilter");
+        }
+
+        if (compressionThreshold == 0) {
+            if (debug > 0) {
+                System.out.println("doFilter got called, but compressionTreshold is set to 0 - no compression");
+            }
+            chain.doFilter(request, response);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        boolean supportCompression = false;
+        if (request instanceof HttpServletRequest) {
+            if (debug > 1) {
+                System.out.println("requestURI = " + ((HttpServletRequest)request).getRequestURI());
+            }
+
+            // Are we allowed to compress ?
+            String s = ((HttpServletRequest)request).getParameter("gzip");
+            if ("false".equals(s)) {
+                if (debug > 0) {
+                    System.out.println("got parameter gzip=false --> don't compress, just chain filter");
+                }
+                chain.doFilter(request, response);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Enumeration<String> e =
+                ((HttpServletRequest)request).getHeaders("Accept-Encoding");
+            while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+                String name = e.nextElement();
+                if (name.indexOf("gzip") != -1) {
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("supports compression");
+                    }
+                    supportCompression = true;
+                } else {
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("no support for compression");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (supportCompression) {
+            if (response instanceof HttpServletResponse) {
+                CompressionServletResponseWrapper wrappedResponse =
+                    new CompressionServletResponseWrapper((HttpServletResponse)response);
+                wrappedResponse.setDebugLevel(debug);
+                wrappedResponse.setCompressionThreshold(compressionThreshold);
+                wrappedResponse.setCompressionBuffer(compressionBuffer);
+                wrappedResponse.setCompressionMimeTypes(compressionMimeTypes);
+                if (debug > 0) {
+                    System.out.println("doFilter gets called with compression");
+                }
+                try {
+                    chain.doFilter(request, wrappedResponse);
+                } finally {
+                    wrappedResponse.finishResponse();
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (debug > 0) {
+                System.out.println("doFilter gets called w/o compression");
+            }
+            chain.doFilter(request, response);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set filter config
+     * This function is equivalent to init. Required by Weblogic 6.1
+     *
+     * @param filterConfig The filter configuration object
+     */
+    public void setFilterConfig(FilterConfig filterConfig) {
+        init(filterConfig);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return filter config
+     * Required by Weblogic 6.1
+     */
+    public FilterConfig getFilterConfig() {
+        return config;
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilterTestServlet.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilterTestServlet.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce695cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilterTestServlet.class
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diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilterTestServlet.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilterTestServlet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..700cd1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionFilterTestServlet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package compressionFilters;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+/**
+ * Very Simple test servlet to test compression filter
+ * @author Amy Roh
+ */
+public class CompressionFilterTestServlet extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+        throws ServletException, IOException {
+
+        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
+        response.setContentType("text/plain");
+
+        Enumeration<String> e = request.getHeaders("Accept-Encoding");
+        while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+            String name = e.nextElement();
+            out.println(name);
+            if (name.indexOf("gzip") != -1) {
+                out.println("gzip supported -- able to compress");
+            }
+            else {
+                out.println("gzip not supported");
+            }
+        }
+
+
+        out.println("Compression Filter Test Servlet");
+        out.println("Minimum content length for compression is 128 bytes");
+        out.println("**********  32 bytes  **********");
+        out.println("**********  32 bytes  **********");
+        out.println("**********  32 bytes  **********");
+        out.println("**********  32 bytes  **********");
+        out.close();
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionResponseStream.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionResponseStream.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d05f19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionResponseStream.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionResponseStream.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionResponseStream.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a79027a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionResponseStream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package compressionFilters;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of <b>ServletOutputStream</b> that works with
+ * the CompressionServletResponseWrapper implementation.
+ *
+ * @author Amy Roh
+ * @author Dmitri Valdin
+ */
+public class CompressionResponseStream extends ServletOutputStream {
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------- Constructors
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a servlet output stream associated with the specified Response.
+     *
+     * @param responseWrapper The associated response wrapper
+     * @param originalOutput the output stream
+     */
+    public CompressionResponseStream(
+            CompressionServletResponseWrapper responseWrapper,
+            ServletOutputStream originalOutput) {
+
+        super();
+        closed = false;
+        this.response = responseWrapper;
+        this.output = originalOutput;
+    }
+
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
+
+
+    /**
+     * The threshold number which decides to compress or not.
+     * Users can configure in web.xml to set it to fit their needs.
+     */
+    protected int compressionThreshold = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The compression buffer size to avoid chunking
+     */
+    protected int compressionBuffer = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The mime types to compress
+     */
+    protected String[] compressionMimeTypes = {"text/html", "text/xml", "text/plain"};
+
+    /**
+     * Debug level
+     */
+    private int debug = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The buffer through which all of our output bytes are passed.
+     */
+    protected byte[] buffer = null;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of data bytes currently in the buffer.
+     */
+    protected int bufferCount = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The underlying gzip output stream to which we should write data.
+     */
+    protected OutputStream gzipstream = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Has this stream been closed?
+     */
+    protected boolean closed = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The content length past which we will not write, or -1 if there is
+     * no defined content length.
+     */
+    protected int length = -1;
+
+    /**
+     * The response with which this servlet output stream is associated.
+     */
+    protected CompressionServletResponseWrapper response = null;
+
+    /**
+     * The underlying servlet output stream to which we should write data.
+     */
+    protected ServletOutputStream output = null;
+
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
+
+    /**
+     * Set debug level
+     */
+    public void setDebugLevel(int debug) {
+        this.debug = debug;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Set the compressionThreshold number and create buffer for this size
+     */
+    protected void setCompressionThreshold(int compressionThreshold) {
+        this.compressionThreshold = compressionThreshold;
+        buffer = new byte[this.compressionThreshold];
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("compressionThreshold is set to "+ this.compressionThreshold);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The compression buffer size to avoid chunking
+     */
+    protected void setCompressionBuffer(int compressionBuffer) {
+        this.compressionBuffer = compressionBuffer;
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("compressionBuffer is set to "+ this.compressionBuffer);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set supported mime types
+     */
+    public void setCompressionMimeTypes(String[] compressionMimeTypes) {
+        this.compressionMimeTypes = compressionMimeTypes;
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("compressionMimeTypes is set to " + this.compressionMimeTypes);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Close this output stream, causing any buffered data to be flushed and
+     * any further output data to throw an IOException.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("close() @ CompressionResponseStream");
+        }
+        if (closed)
+            throw new IOException("This output stream has already been closed");
+
+        if (gzipstream != null) {
+            flushToGZip();
+            gzipstream.close();
+            gzipstream = null;
+        } else {
+            if (bufferCount > 0) {
+                if (debug > 2) {
+                    System.out.print("output.write(");
+                    System.out.write(buffer, 0, bufferCount);
+                    System.out.println(")");
+                }
+                output.write(buffer, 0, bufferCount);
+                bufferCount = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        output.close();
+        closed = true;
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Flush any buffered data for this output stream, which also causes the
+     * response to be committed.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void flush() throws IOException {
+
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("flush() @ CompressionResponseStream");
+        }
+        if (closed) {
+            throw new IOException("Cannot flush a closed output stream");
+        }
+
+        if (gzipstream != null) {
+            gzipstream.flush();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public void flushToGZip() throws IOException {
+
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("flushToGZip() @ CompressionResponseStream");
+        }
+        if (bufferCount > 0) {
+            if (debug > 1) {
+                System.out.println("flushing out to GZipStream, bufferCount = " + bufferCount);
+            }
+            writeToGZip(buffer, 0, bufferCount);
+            bufferCount = 0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Write the specified byte to our output stream.
+     *
+     * @param b The byte to be written
+     *
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void write(int b) throws IOException {
+
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("write "+b+" in CompressionResponseStream ");
+        }
+        if (closed)
+            throw new IOException("Cannot write to a closed output stream");
+
+        if (bufferCount >= buffer.length) {
+            flushToGZip();
+        }
+
+        buffer[bufferCount++] = (byte) b;
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Write <code>b.length</code> bytes from the specified byte array
+     * to our output stream.
+     *
+     * @param b The byte array to be written
+     *
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void write(byte b[]) throws IOException {
+
+        write(b, 0, b.length);
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Write <code>len</code> bytes from the specified byte array, starting
+     * at the specified offset, to our output stream.
+     *
+     * @param b The byte array containing the bytes to be written
+     * @param off Zero-relative starting offset of the bytes to be written
+     * @param len The number of bytes to be written
+     *
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void write(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
+
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("write, bufferCount = " + bufferCount + " len = " + len + " off = " + off);
+        }
+        if (debug > 2) {
+            System.out.print("write(");
+            System.out.write(b, off, len);
+            System.out.println(")");
+        }
+
+        if (closed)
+            throw new IOException("Cannot write to a closed output stream");
+
+        if (len == 0)
+            return;
+
+        // Can we write into buffer ?
+        if (len <= (buffer.length - bufferCount)) {
+            System.arraycopy(b, off, buffer, bufferCount, len);
+            bufferCount += len;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // There is not enough space in buffer. Flush it ...
+        flushToGZip();
+
+        // ... and try again. Note, that bufferCount = 0 here !
+        if (len <= (buffer.length - bufferCount)) {
+            System.arraycopy(b, off, buffer, bufferCount, len);
+            bufferCount += len;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // write direct to gzip
+        writeToGZip(b, off, len);
+    }
+
+    public void writeToGZip(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
+
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("writeToGZip, len = " + len);
+        }
+        if (debug > 2) {
+            System.out.print("writeToGZip(");
+            System.out.write(b, off, len);
+            System.out.println(")");
+        }
+        if (gzipstream == null) {
+            if (debug > 1) {
+                System.out.println("new GZIPOutputStream");
+            }
+
+            boolean alreadyCompressed = false;
+            String contentEncoding = response.getHeader("Content-Encoding");
+            if (contentEncoding != null) {
+                if (contentEncoding.contains("gzip")) {
+                    alreadyCompressed = true;
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("content is already compressed");
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("content is not compressed yet");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            boolean compressibleMimeType = false;
+            // Check for compatible MIME-TYPE
+            if (compressionMimeTypes != null) {
+                if (startsWithStringArray(compressionMimeTypes, response.getContentType())) {
+                    compressibleMimeType = true;
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("mime type " + response.getContentType() + " is compressible");
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (debug > 0) {
+                        System.out.println("mime type " + response.getContentType() + " is not compressible");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (response.isCommitted()) {
+                if (debug > 1)
+                    System.out.print("Response already committed. Using original output stream");
+                gzipstream = output;
+            } else if (alreadyCompressed) {
+                if (debug > 1)
+                    System.out.print("Response already compressed. Using original output stream");
+                gzipstream = output;
+            } else if (!compressibleMimeType) {
+                if (debug > 1)
+                    System.out.print("Response mime type is not compressible. Using original output stream");
+                gzipstream = output;
+            } else {
+                response.addHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");
+                response.setContentLength(-1);  // don't use any preset content-length as it will be wrong after gzipping
+                response.setBufferSize(compressionBuffer);
+                gzipstream = new GZIPOutputStream(output);
+            }
+        }
+        gzipstream.write(b, off, len);
+
+    }
+
+
+    // -------------------------------------------------------- Package Methods
+
+
+    /**
+     * Has this response stream been closed?
+     */
+    public boolean closed() {
+
+        return (this.closed);
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if any entry in the string array starts with the specified value
+     *
+     * @param sArray the StringArray
+     * @param value string
+     */
+    private boolean startsWithStringArray(String sArray[], String value) {
+        if (value == null)
+           return false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < sArray.length; i++) {
+            if (value.startsWith(sArray[i])) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionServletResponseWrapper.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionServletResponseWrapper.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1198e42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionServletResponseWrapper.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionServletResponseWrapper.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionServletResponseWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e28d44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/CompressionServletResponseWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package compressionFilters;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of <b>HttpServletResponseWrapper</b> that works with
+ * the CompressionServletResponseStream implementation..
+ *
+ * @author Amy Roh
+ * @author Dmitri Valdin
+ */
+public class CompressionServletResponseWrapper
+        extends HttpServletResponseWrapper {
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- Constructor
+
+    /**
+     * Calls the parent constructor which creates a ServletResponse adaptor
+     * wrapping the given response object.
+     */
+    public CompressionServletResponseWrapper(HttpServletResponse response) {
+        super(response);
+        origResponse = response;
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("CompressionServletResponseWrapper constructor gets called");
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
+
+    /**
+     * Original response
+     */
+
+    protected HttpServletResponse origResponse = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Descriptive information about this Response implementation.
+     */
+
+    protected static final String info = "CompressionServletResponseWrapper";
+
+    /**
+     * The ServletOutputStream that has been returned by
+     * <code>getOutputStream()</code>, if any.
+     */
+
+    protected ServletOutputStream stream = null;
+
+
+    /**
+     * The PrintWriter that has been returned by
+     * <code>getWriter()</code>, if any.
+     */
+
+    protected PrintWriter writer = null;
+
+    /**
+     * The threshold number to compress
+     */
+    protected int compressionThreshold = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The compression buffer size
+     */
+    protected int compressionBuffer = 8192;  // 8KB default
+
+    /**
+     * The mime types to compress
+     */
+    protected String[] compressionMimeTypes = {"text/html", "text/xml", "text/plain"};
+
+    /**
+     * Debug level
+     */
+    protected int debug = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * keeps a copy of all headers set
+     */
+    private Map<String,String> headerCopies = new HashMap<String,String>();
+
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
+
+
+    /**
+     * Set threshold number
+     */
+    public void setCompressionThreshold(int threshold) {
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("setCompressionThreshold to " + threshold);
+        }
+        this.compressionThreshold = threshold;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set compression buffer
+     */
+    public void setCompressionBuffer(int buffer) {
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("setCompressionBuffer to " + buffer);
+        }
+        this.compressionBuffer = buffer;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set compressible mime types
+     */
+    public void setCompressionMimeTypes(String[] mimeTypes) {
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("setCompressionMimeTypes to " + mimeTypes);
+        }
+        this.compressionMimeTypes = mimeTypes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set debug level
+     */
+    public void setDebugLevel(int debug) {
+        this.debug = debug;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Create and return a ServletOutputStream to write the content
+     * associated with this Response.
+     *
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     */
+    public ServletOutputStream createOutputStream() throws IOException {
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("createOutputStream gets called");
+        }
+
+        CompressionResponseStream stream = new CompressionResponseStream(
+                this, origResponse.getOutputStream());
+        stream.setDebugLevel(debug);
+        stream.setCompressionThreshold(compressionThreshold);
+        stream.setCompressionBuffer(compressionBuffer);
+        stream.setCompressionMimeTypes(compressionMimeTypes);
+
+        return stream;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Finish a response.
+     */
+    public void finishResponse() {
+        try {
+            if (writer != null) {
+                writer.close();
+            } else {
+                if (stream != null)
+                    stream.close();
+            }
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            // Ignore
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------ ServletResponse Methods
+
+
+    /**
+     * Flush the buffer and commit this response.
+     *
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("flush buffer @ GZipServletResponseWrapper");
+        }
+        ((CompressionResponseStream)stream).flush();
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the servlet output stream associated with this Response.
+     *
+     * @exception IllegalStateException if <code>getWriter</code> has
+     *  already been called for this response
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
+
+        if (writer != null)
+            throw new IllegalStateException("getWriter() has already been called for this response");
+
+        if (stream == null)
+            stream = createOutputStream();
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("stream is set to "+stream+" in getOutputStream");
+        }
+
+        return (stream);
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the writer associated with this Response.
+     *
+     * @exception IllegalStateException if <code>getOutputStream</code> has
+     *  already been called for this response
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
+
+        if (writer != null)
+            return (writer);
+
+        if (stream != null)
+            throw new IllegalStateException("getOutputStream() has already been called for this response");
+
+        stream = createOutputStream();
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("stream is set to "+stream+" in getWriter");
+        }
+        String charEnc = origResponse.getCharacterEncoding();
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            System.out.println("character encoding is " + charEnc);
+        }
+        // HttpServletResponse.getCharacterEncoding() shouldn't return null
+        // according the spec, so feel free to remove that "if"
+        if (charEnc != null) {
+            writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(stream, charEnc));
+        } else {
+            writer = new PrintWriter(stream);
+        }
+
+        return (writer);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getHeader(String name) {
+        return headerCopies.get(name);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void addHeader(String name, String value) {
+        if (headerCopies.containsKey(name)) {
+            String existingValue = headerCopies.get(name);
+            if ((existingValue != null) && (existingValue.length() > 0)) headerCopies.put(name, existingValue + "," + value);
+            else headerCopies.put(name, value);
+        } else headerCopies.put(name, value);
+        super.addHeader(name, value);
+    }
+
+
+    @Override
+    public void setHeader(String name, String value) {
+        headerCopies.put(name, value);
+        super.setHeader(name, value);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/JspCalendar.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/JspCalendar.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56cd2b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/JspCalendar.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/JspCalendar.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/JspCalendar.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c90bbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/JspCalendar.java
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package dates;
+
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+public class JspCalendar {
+    Calendar  calendar = null;
+
+    public JspCalendar() {
+        calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+        Date trialTime = new Date();
+        calendar.setTime(trialTime);
+    }
+
+    public int getYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public String getMonth() {
+        int m = getMonthInt();
+        String[] months = new String [] { "January", "February", "March",
+                                        "April", "May", "June",
+                                        "July", "August", "September",
+                                        "October", "November", "December" };
+        if (m > 12)
+            return "Unknown to Man";
+
+        return months[m - 1];
+
+    }
+
+    public String getDay() {
+        int x = getDayOfWeek();
+        String[] days = new String[] {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
+                                      "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
+
+        if (x > 7)
+            return "Unknown to Man";
+
+        return days[x - 1];
+
+    }
+
+    public int getMonthInt() {
+        return 1 + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public String getDate() {
+        return getMonthInt() + "/" + getDayOfMonth() + "/" +  getYear();
+
+    }
+
+    public String getTime() {
+        return getHour() + ":" + getMinute() + ":" + getSecond();
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfMonth() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public int getWeekOfYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public int getWeekOfMonth() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfWeek() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
+    }
+
+    public int getHour() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
+    }
+
+    public int getMinute() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getSecond() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        JspCalendar db = new JspCalendar();
+        p("date: " + db.getDayOfMonth());
+        p("year: " + db.getYear());
+        p("month: " + db.getMonth());
+        p("time: " + db.getTime());
+        p("date: " + db.getDate());
+        p("Day: " + db.getDay());
+        p("DayOfYear: " + db.getDayOfYear());
+        p("WeekOfYear: " + db.getWeekOfYear());
+        p("era: " + db.getEra());
+        p("ampm: " + db.getAMPM());
+        p("DST: " + db.getDSTOffset());
+        p("ZONE Offset: " + db.getZoneOffset());
+        p("TIMEZONE: " + db.getUSTimeZone());
+    }
+
+    private static void p(String x) {
+        System.out.println(x);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getEra() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.ERA);
+    }
+
+    public String getUSTimeZone() {
+        String[] zones = new String[] {"Hawaii", "Alaskan", "Pacific",
+                                       "Mountain", "Central", "Eastern"};
+
+        return zones[10 + getZoneOffset()];
+    }
+
+    public int getZoneOffset() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET)/(60*60*1000);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getDSTOffset() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DST_OFFSET)/(60*60*1000);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getAMPM() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.AM_PM);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/Smart.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/Smart.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd96ee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/Smart.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/Smart.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/Smart.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67aff03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/Smart.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package error;
+
+public class Smart {
+
+    String name = "JSP";
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ExampleTagBase.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ExampleTagBase.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ac9330
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ExampleTagBase.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ExampleTagBase.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ExampleTagBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d339adb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ExampleTagBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package examples;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyContent;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag;
+
+public abstract class ExampleTagBase extends BodyTagSupport {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    @Override
+    public void setParent(Tag parent) {
+        this.parent = parent;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setBodyContent(BodyContent bodyOut) {
+        this.bodyOut = bodyOut;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Tag getParent() {
+        return this.parent;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
+        return SKIP_BODY;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
+        return EVAL_PAGE;
+    }
+
+
+    @Override
+    public void doInitBody() throws JspException {
+        // Default implementations for BodyTag methods as well
+        // just in case a tag decides to implement BodyTag.
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
+        return SKIP_BODY;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void release() {
+        bodyOut = null;
+        pageContext = null;
+        parent = null;
+    }
+
+    protected BodyContent bodyOut;
+    protected Tag parent;
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d6d760
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8fdb0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspTagException;
+
+/**
+ * Example1: the simplest tag
+ * Collect attributes and call into some actions
+ *
+ * <foo att1="..." att2="...." att3="...." />
+ */
+
+public class FooTag extends ExampleTagBase {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private String atts[] = new String[3];
+    int i = 0;
+
+    private final void setAtt(int index, String value) {
+        atts[index] = value;
+    }
+
+    public void setAtt1(String value) {
+        setAtt(0, value);
+    }
+
+    public void setAtt2(String value) {
+        setAtt(1, value);
+    }
+
+    public void setAtt3(String value) {
+        setAtt(2, value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process start tag
+     *
+     * @return EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
+        i = 0;
+        return EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void doInitBody() throws JspException {
+        pageContext.setAttribute("member", atts[i]);
+        i++;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
+        try {
+            if (i == 3) {
+                bodyOut.writeOut(bodyOut.getEnclosingWriter());
+                return SKIP_BODY;
+            }
+
+            pageContext.setAttribute("member", atts[i]);
+            i++;
+            return EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED;
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new JspTagException(ex.toString());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTagExtraInfo.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTagExtraInfo.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ead843e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTagExtraInfo.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTagExtraInfo.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTagExtraInfo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ae0492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/FooTagExtraInfo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package examples;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagData;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagExtraInfo;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.VariableInfo;
+
+public class FooTagExtraInfo extends TagExtraInfo {
+    @Override
+    public VariableInfo[] getVariableInfo(TagData data) {
+        return new VariableInfo[]
+            {
+                new VariableInfo("member",
+                                 "String",
+                                 true,
+                                 VariableInfo.NESTED)
+            };
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/LogTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/LogTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b62ca8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/LogTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/LogTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/LogTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32584fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/LogTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspTagException;
+
+/**
+ * Log the contents of the body. Could be used to handle errors etc.
+ */
+public class LogTag extends ExampleTagBase {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    boolean toBrowser = false;
+
+    public void setToBrowser(String value) {
+        if (value == null)
+            toBrowser = false;
+        else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true"))
+            toBrowser = true;
+        else
+            toBrowser = false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
+        return EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
+        try {
+            String s = bodyOut.getString();
+            System.err.println(s);
+            if (toBrowser)
+                bodyOut.writeOut(bodyOut.getEnclosingWriter());
+            return SKIP_BODY;
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new JspTagException(ex.toString());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ShowSource.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ShowSource.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ddb218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ShowSource.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ShowSource.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ShowSource.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6aa6965
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ShowSource.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspTagException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * Display the sources of the JSP file.
+ */
+public class ShowSource extends TagSupport {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    String jspFile;
+
+    public void setJspFile(String jspFile) {
+        this.jspFile = jspFile;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
+        if ((jspFile.indexOf( ".." ) >= 0) ||
+            (jspFile.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH).indexOf("/WEB-INF/") != 0) ||
+            (jspFile.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH).indexOf("/META-INF/") != 0))
+            throw new JspTagException("Invalid JSP file " + jspFile);
+
+        InputStream in
+            = pageContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(jspFile);
+
+        if (in == null)
+            throw new JspTagException("Unable to find JSP file: "+jspFile);
+
+        JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
+
+
+        try {
+            out.println("<body>");
+            out.println("<pre>");
+            for(int ch = in.read(); ch != -1; ch = in.read())
+                if (ch == '<')
+                    out.print("&lt;");
+                else
+                    out.print((char) ch);
+            out.println("</pre>");
+            out.println("</body>");
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new JspTagException("IOException: "+ex.toString());
+        }
+        return super.doEndTag();
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ValuesTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ValuesTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc4d3ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ValuesTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ValuesTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ValuesTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20468dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/ValuesTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspTagException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * Accept and display a value.
+ */
+public class ValuesTag extends TagSupport {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    // Using "-1" as the default value,
+    // in the assumption that it won't be used as the value.
+    // Cannot use null here, because null is an important case
+    // that should be present in the tests.
+    private Object objectValue = "-1";
+    private String stringValue = "-1";
+    private long longValue = -1;
+    private double doubleValue = -1;
+
+    public void setObject(Object objectValue) {
+        this.objectValue = objectValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setString(String stringValue) {
+        this.stringValue = stringValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setLong(long longValue) {
+        this.longValue = longValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setDouble(double doubleValue) {
+        this.doubleValue = doubleValue;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
+        JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
+
+        try {
+            if (!"-1".equals(objectValue)) {
+                out.print(objectValue);
+            } else if (!"-1".equals(stringValue)) {
+                out.print(stringValue);
+            } else if (longValue != -1) {
+                out.print(longValue);
+            } else if (doubleValue != -1) {
+                out.print(doubleValue);
+            } else {
+                out.print("-1");
+            }
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new JspTagException("IOException: " + ex.toString(), ex);
+        }
+        return super.doEndTag();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/ExampleFilter.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/ExampleFilter.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3eb0999
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/ExampleFilter.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/ExampleFilter.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/ExampleFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9f5076
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/ExampleFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package filters;
+
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.Filter;
+import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
+import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
+
+
+/**
+ * Example filter that can be attached to either an individual servlet
+ * or to a URL pattern.  This filter performs the following functions:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>Attaches itself as a request attribute, under the attribute name
+ *     defined by the value of the <code>attribute</code> initialization
+ *     parameter.</li>
+ * <li>Calculates the number of milliseconds required to perform the
+ *     servlet processing required by this request, including any
+ *     subsequently defined filters, and logs the result to the servlet
+ *     context log for this application.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * @author Craig McClanahan
+ * @version $Id: ExampleFilter.java 987920 2010-08-22 15:34:34Z markt $
+ */
+
+public final class ExampleFilter implements Filter {
+
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
+
+
+    /**
+     * The request attribute name under which we store a reference to ourself.
+     */
+    private String attribute = null;
+
+
+    /**
+     * The filter configuration object we are associated with.  If this value
+     * is null, this filter instance is not currently configured.
+     */
+    private FilterConfig filterConfig = null;
+
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
+
+
+    /**
+     * Take this filter out of service.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void destroy() {
+
+        this.attribute = null;
+        this.filterConfig = null;
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Time the processing that is performed by all subsequent filters in the
+     * current filter stack, including the ultimately invoked servlet.
+     *
+     * @param request The servlet request we are processing
+     * @param response The servlet response we are creating
+     * @param chain The filter chain we are processing
+     *
+     * @exception IOException if an input/output error occurs
+     * @exception ServletException if a servlet error occurs
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
+                         FilterChain chain)
+        throws IOException, ServletException {
+
+        // Store ourselves as a request attribute (if requested)
+        if (attribute != null)
+            request.setAttribute(attribute, this);
+
+        // Time and log the subsequent processing
+        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        chain.doFilter(request, response);
+        long stopTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        filterConfig.getServletContext().log
+            (this.toString() + ": " + (stopTime - startTime) +
+             " milliseconds");
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Place this filter into service.
+     *
+     * @param fConfig The filter configuration object
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
+
+        this.filterConfig = fConfig;
+        this.attribute = fConfig.getInitParameter("attribute");
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Return a String representation of this object.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+
+        if (filterConfig == null)
+            return ("TimingFilter()");
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("TimingFilter(");
+        sb.append(filterConfig);
+        sb.append(")");
+        return (sb.toString());
+
+    }
+
+
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/BookBean.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/BookBean.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e817362
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/BookBean.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/BookBean.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/BookBean.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc7e805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/BookBean.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples;
+
+public class BookBean {
+    private String title;
+    private String author;
+    private String isbn;
+
+    public BookBean( String title, String author, String isbn ) {
+        this.title = title;
+        this.author = author;
+        this.isbn = isbn;
+    }
+
+    public String getTitle() {
+        return this.title;
+    }
+
+    public String getAuthor() {
+        return this.author;
+    }
+
+    public String getIsbn() {
+        return this.isbn;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/FooBean.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/FooBean.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f624400
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/FooBean.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/FooBean.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/FooBean.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..057a581
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/FooBean.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples;
+
+public class FooBean {
+    private String bar;
+
+    public FooBean() {
+        bar = "Initial value";
+    }
+
+    public String getBar() {
+        return this.bar;
+    }
+
+    public void setBar(String bar) {
+        this.bar = bar;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/ValuesBean.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/ValuesBean.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ae6315
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/ValuesBean.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/ValuesBean.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/ValuesBean.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7ff056
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/ValuesBean.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples;
+
+/**
+ * Accept and display a value.
+ */
+public class ValuesBean {
+    private String string;
+    private double doubleValue;
+    private long longValue;
+
+    public String getStringValue() {
+        return this.string;
+    }
+
+    public void setStringValue(String string) {
+        this.string = string;
+    }
+
+    public double getDoubleValue() {
+        return doubleValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setDoubleValue(double doubleValue) {
+        this.doubleValue = doubleValue;
+    }
+
+    public long getLongValue() {
+        return longValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setLongValue(long longValue) {
+        this.longValue = longValue;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/Functions.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/Functions.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54f11ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/Functions.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/Functions.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/Functions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc15bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/Functions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package jsp2.examples.el;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Defines the functions for the jsp2 example tag library.
+ *
+ * <p>Each function is defined as a static method.</p>
+ */
+public class Functions {
+    public static String reverse( String text ) {
+        return new StringBuilder( text ).reverse().toString();
+    }
+
+    public static int numVowels( String text ) {
+        String vowels = "aeiouAEIOU";
+        int result = 0;
+        for( int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++ ) {
+            if( vowels.indexOf( text.charAt( i ) ) != -1 ) {
+                result++;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static String caps( String text ) {
+        return text.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/EchoAttributesTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/EchoAttributesTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1ca8cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/EchoAttributesTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/EchoAttributesTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/EchoAttributesTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4dd5322
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/EchoAttributesTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.DynamicAttributes;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that echoes all its attributes
+ */
+public class EchoAttributesTag
+    extends SimpleTagSupport
+    implements DynamicAttributes
+{
+    private ArrayList<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>();
+    private ArrayList<Object> values = new ArrayList<Object>();
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        JspWriter out = getJspContext().getOut();
+        for( int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++ ) {
+            String key = keys.get( i );
+            Object value = values.get( i );
+            out.println( "<li>" + key + " = " + value + "</li>" );
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setDynamicAttribute( String uri, String localName,
+        Object value )
+        throws JspException
+    {
+        keys.add( localName );
+        values.add( value );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b3a691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7554558
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+import jsp2.examples.BookBean;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that pretends to search for a book, and stores
+ * the result in a scoped variable.
+ */
+public class FindBookSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    private String var;
+
+    private static final String BOOK_TITLE = "The Lord of the Rings";
+    private static final String BOOK_AUTHOR = "J. R. R. Tolkein";
+    private static final String BOOK_ISBN = "0618002251";
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException {
+        BookBean book = new BookBean( BOOK_TITLE, BOOK_AUTHOR, BOOK_ISBN );
+        getJspContext().setAttribute( this.var, book );
+    }
+
+    public void setVar( String var ) {
+        this.var = var;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21450f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e068b65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that prints "Hello, world!"
+ */
+public class HelloWorldSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        getJspContext().getOut().write( "Hello, world!" );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6307468
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9dda90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that accepts a num attribute and
+ * invokes its body 'num' times.
+ */
+public class RepeatSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    private int num;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        for (int i=0; i<num; i++) {
+            getJspContext().setAttribute("count", String.valueOf( i + 1 ) );
+            getJspBody().invoke(null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setNum(int num) {
+        this.num = num;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/ShuffleSimpleTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/ShuffleSimpleTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ba23ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/ShuffleSimpleTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/ShuffleSimpleTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/ShuffleSimpleTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e796af2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/ShuffleSimpleTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.JspFragment;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that accepts takes three attributes of type
+ * JspFragment and invokes then in a random order.
+ */
+public class ShuffleSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    // No need for this to use SecureRandom
+    private static Random random = new Random();
+
+    private JspFragment fragment1;
+    private JspFragment fragment2;
+    private JspFragment fragment3;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        switch(random.nextInt(6)) {
+            case 0:
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 4:
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 5:
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setFragment1( JspFragment fragment1 ) {
+        this.fragment1 = fragment1;
+    }
+
+    public void setFragment2( JspFragment fragment2 ) {
+        this.fragment2 = fragment2;
+    }
+
+    public void setFragment3( JspFragment fragment3 ) {
+        this.fragment3 = fragment3;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/TileSimpleTag.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/TileSimpleTag.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2162fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/TileSimpleTag.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/TileSimpleTag.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/TileSimpleTag.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b95cc31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/TileSimpleTag.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * Displays a tile as a single cell in a table.
+ */
+public class TileSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    private String color;
+    private String label;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        getJspContext().getOut().write(
+                "<td width=\"32\" height=\"32\" bgcolor=\"" + this.color +
+                "\"><font color=\"#ffffff\"><center>" + this.label +
+                "</center></font></td>" );
+    }
+
+    public void setColor( String color ) {
+        this.color = color;
+    }
+
+    public void setLabel( String label ) {
+        this.label = label;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/ContextListener.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/ContextListener.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c28065
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/ContextListener.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/ContextListener.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/ContextListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e0ec51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/ContextListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package listeners;
+
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeEvent;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeListener;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
+
+
+/**
+ * Example listener for context-related application events, which were
+ * introduced in the 2.3 version of the Servlet API.  This listener
+ * merely documents the occurrence of such events in the application log
+ * associated with our servlet context.
+ *
+ * @author Craig R. McClanahan
+ * @version $Id: ContextListener.java 982399 2010-08-04 20:52:23Z markt $
+ */
+
+public final class ContextListener
+    implements ServletContextAttributeListener, ServletContextListener {
+
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
+
+
+    /**
+     * The servlet context with which we are associated.
+     */
+    private ServletContext context = null;
+
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
+
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a servlet context attribute was added.
+     *
+     * @param event The servlet context attribute event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent event) {
+
+        log("attributeAdded('" + event.getName() + "', '" +
+                event.getValue() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a servlet context attribute was removed.
+     *
+     * @param event The servlet context attribute event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent event) {
+
+        log("attributeRemoved('" + event.getName() + "', '" +
+                event.getValue() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a servlet context attribute was replaced.
+     *
+     * @param event The servlet context attribute event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent event) {
+
+        log("attributeReplaced('" + event.getName() + "', '" +
+                event.getValue() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that this web application has been destroyed.
+     *
+     * @param event The servlet context event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
+
+        log("contextDestroyed()");
+        this.context = null;
+
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that this web application has been initialized.
+     *
+     * @param event The servlet context event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
+
+        this.context = event.getServletContext();
+        log("contextInitialized()");
+
+    }
+
+
+    // -------------------------------------------------------- Private Methods
+
+
+    /**
+     * Log a message to the servlet context application log.
+     *
+     * @param message Message to be logged
+     */
+    private void log(String message) {
+
+        if (context != null)
+            context.log("ContextListener: " + message);
+        else
+            System.out.println("ContextListener: " + message);
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/SessionListener.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/SessionListener.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c31d0f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/SessionListener.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/SessionListener.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/SessionListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d45b2f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/SessionListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package listeners;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionBindingEvent;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
+
+/**
+ * Example listener for context-related application events, which were
+ * introduced in the 2.3 version of the Servlet API. This listener merely
+ * documents the occurrence of such events in the application log associated
+ * with our servlet context.
+ *
+ * @author Craig R. McClanahan
+ * @version $Id: SessionListener.java 1200123 2011-11-10 04:03:27Z kkolinko $
+ */
+
+public final class SessionListener implements ServletContextListener,
+        HttpSessionAttributeListener, HttpSessionListener {
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
+
+    /**
+     * The servlet context with which we are associated.
+     */
+    private ServletContext context = null;
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a servlet context attribute was added.
+     *
+     * @param event
+     *            The session attribute event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void attributeAdded(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) {
+
+        log("attributeAdded('" + event.getSession().getId() + "', '"
+                + event.getName() + "', '" + event.getValue() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a servlet context attribute was removed.
+     *
+     * @param event
+     *            The session attribute event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void attributeRemoved(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) {
+
+        log("attributeRemoved('" + event.getSession().getId() + "', '"
+                + event.getName() + "', '" + event.getValue() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a servlet context attribute was replaced.
+     *
+     * @param event
+     *            The session attribute event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void attributeReplaced(HttpSessionBindingEvent event) {
+
+        log("attributeReplaced('" + event.getSession().getId() + "', '"
+                + event.getName() + "', '" + event.getValue() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that this web application has been destroyed.
+     *
+     * @param event
+     *            The servlet context event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
+
+        log("contextDestroyed()");
+        this.context = null;
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that this web application has been initialized.
+     *
+     * @param event
+     *            The servlet context event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
+
+        this.context = event.getServletContext();
+        log("contextInitialized()");
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a session has been created.
+     *
+     * @param event
+     *            The session event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent event) {
+
+        log("sessionCreated('" + event.getSession().getId() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record the fact that a session has been destroyed.
+     *
+     * @param event
+     *            The session event
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent event) {
+
+        log("sessionDestroyed('" + event.getSession().getId() + "')");
+
+    }
+
+    // -------------------------------------------------------- Private Methods
+
+    /**
+     * Log a message to the servlet context application log.
+     *
+     * @param message
+     *            Message to be logged
+     */
+    private void log(String message) {
+
+        if (context != null)
+            context.log("SessionListener: " + message);
+        else
+            System.out.println("SessionListener: " + message);
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/NumberGuessBean.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/NumberGuessBean.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2051e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/NumberGuessBean.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/NumberGuessBean.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/NumberGuessBean.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a619edb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/NumberGuessBean.java
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Originally written by Jason Hunter, http://www.servlets.com.
+ */
+
+package num;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+public class NumberGuessBean implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private int answer;
+    private String hint;
+    private int numGuesses;
+    private boolean success;
+    private Random random = new Random();
+
+    public NumberGuessBean() {
+        reset();
+    }
+
+    public int getAnswer() {
+        return answer;
+    }
+
+    public void setAnswer(int answer) {
+        this.answer = answer;
+    }
+
+    public String getHint() {
+        return "" + hint;
+    }
+
+    public void setHint(String hint) {
+        this.hint = hint;
+    }
+
+    public void setNumGuesses(int numGuesses) {
+        this.numGuesses = numGuesses;
+    }
+
+    public int getNumGuesses() {
+        return numGuesses;
+    }
+
+    public boolean getSuccess() {
+        return success;
+    }
+
+    public void setSuccess(boolean success) {
+        this.success = success;
+    }
+
+    public void setGuess(String guess) {
+        numGuesses++;
+
+        int g;
+        try {
+            g = Integer.parseInt(guess);
+        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+            g = -1;
+        }
+
+        if (g == answer) {
+            success = true;
+        } else if (g == -1) {
+            hint = "a number next time";
+        } else if (g < answer) {
+            hint = "higher";
+        } else if (g > answer) {
+            hint = "lower";
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void reset() {
+        answer = Math.abs(random.nextInt() % 100) + 1;
+        success = false;
+        numGuesses = 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/DummyCart.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/DummyCart.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ad60c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/DummyCart.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/DummyCart.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/DummyCart.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01480a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/DummyCart.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package sessions;
+
+import java.util.Vector;
+
+public class DummyCart {
+    Vector<String> v = new Vector<String>();
+    String submit = null;
+    String item = null;
+
+    private void addItem(String name) {
+        v.addElement(name);
+    }
+
+    private void removeItem(String name) {
+        v.removeElement(name);
+    }
+
+    public void setItem(String name) {
+        item = name;
+    }
+
+    public void setSubmit(String s) {
+        submit = s;
+    }
+
+    public String[] getItems() {
+        String[] s = new String[v.size()];
+        v.copyInto(s);
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    public void processRequest() {
+        // null value for submit - user hit enter instead of clicking on
+        // "add" or "remove"
+        if (submit == null || submit.equals("add"))
+            addItem(item);
+        else if (submit.equals("remove"))
+            removeItem(item);
+
+        // reset at the end of the request
+        reset();
+    }
+
+    // reset
+    private void reset() {
+        submit = null;
+        item = null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/HTMLFilter.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/HTMLFilter.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..952c8bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/HTMLFilter.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/HTMLFilter.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/HTMLFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3032610
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/HTMLFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package util;
+
+/**
+ * HTML filter utility.
+ *
+ * @author Craig R. McClanahan
+ * @author Tim Tye
+ * @version $Id: HTMLFilter.java 939315 2010-04-29 14:11:01Z kkolinko $
+ */
+
+public final class HTMLFilter {
+
+
+    /**
+     * Filter the specified message string for characters that are sensitive
+     * in HTML.  This avoids potential attacks caused by including JavaScript
+     * codes in the request URL that is often reported in error messages.
+     *
+     * @param message The message string to be filtered
+     */
+    public static String filter(String message) {
+
+        if (message == null)
+            return (null);
+
+        char content[] = new char[message.length()];
+        message.getChars(0, message.length(), content, 0);
+        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(content.length + 50);
+        for (int i = 0; i < content.length; i++) {
+            switch (content[i]) {
+            case '<':
+                result.append("&lt;");
+                break;
+            case '>':
+                result.append("&gt;");
+                break;
+            case '&':
+                result.append("&amp;");
+                break;
+            case '"':
+                result.append("&quot;");
+                break;
+            default:
+                result.append(content[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        return (result.toString());
+
+    }
+
+
+}
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/DebugValidator.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/DebugValidator.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe7b153
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/DebugValidator.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/DebugValidator.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/DebugValidator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1cdf58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/DebugValidator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package validators;
+
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.PageData;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagLibraryValidator;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.ValidationMessage;
+
+
+/**
+ * Example tag library validator that simply dumps the XML version of each
+ * page to standard output (which will typically be sent to the file
+ * <code>$CATALINA_HOME/logs/catalina.out</code>).  To utilize it, simply
+ * include a <code>taglib</code> directive for this tag library at the top
+ * of your JSP page.
+ *
+ * @author Craig McClanahan
+ * @version $Id: DebugValidator.java 987920 2010-08-22 15:34:34Z markt $
+ */
+
+public class DebugValidator extends TagLibraryValidator {
+
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
+
+
+    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
+
+
+    /**
+     * Validate a JSP page.  This will get invoked once per directive in the
+     * JSP page.  This method will return <code>null</code> if the page is
+     * valid; otherwise the method should return an array of
+     * <code>ValidationMessage</code> objects.  An array of length zero is
+     * also interpreted as no errors.
+     *
+     * @param prefix The value of the prefix argument in this directive
+     * @param uri The value of the URI argument in this directive
+     * @param page The page data for this page
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ValidationMessage[] validate(String prefix, String uri,
+                                        PageData page) {
+
+        System.out.println("---------- Prefix=" + prefix + " URI=" + uri +
+                           "----------");
+
+        InputStream is = page.getInputStream();
+        while (true) {
+            try {
+                int ch = is.read();
+                if (ch < 0)
+                    break;
+                System.out.print((char) ch);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------");
+        return (null);
+
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet$1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet$1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..953ecbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet$1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet$ChatMessageInbound.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet$ChatMessageInbound.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a451c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet$ChatMessageInbound.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..801af94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d263106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/ChatWebSocketServlet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package websocket.chat;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.CharBuffer;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.MessageInbound;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.StreamInbound;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WebSocketServlet;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WsOutbound;
+
+import util.HTMLFilter;
+
+/**
+ * Example web socket servlet for chat.
+ */
+public class ChatWebSocketServlet extends WebSocketServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final String GUEST_PREFIX = "Guest";
+
+    private final AtomicInteger connectionIds = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    private final Set<ChatMessageInbound> connections =
+            new CopyOnWriteArraySet<ChatMessageInbound>();
+
+    @Override
+    protected StreamInbound createWebSocketInbound(String subProtocol,
+            HttpServletRequest request) {
+        return new ChatMessageInbound(connectionIds.incrementAndGet());
+    }
+
+    private final class ChatMessageInbound extends MessageInbound {
+
+        private final String nickname;
+
+        private ChatMessageInbound(int id) {
+            this.nickname = GUEST_PREFIX + id;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onOpen(WsOutbound outbound) {
+            connections.add(this);
+            String message = String.format("* %s %s",
+                    nickname, "has joined.");
+            broadcast(message);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onClose(int status) {
+            connections.remove(this);
+            String message = String.format("* %s %s",
+                    nickname, "has disconnected.");
+            broadcast(message);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onBinaryMessage(ByteBuffer message) throws IOException {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+                    "Binary message not supported.");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onTextMessage(CharBuffer message) throws IOException {
+            // Never trust the client
+            String filteredMessage = String.format("%s: %s",
+                    nickname, HTMLFilter.filter(message.toString()));
+            broadcast(filteredMessage);
+        }
+
+        private void broadcast(String message) {
+            for (ChatMessageInbound connection : connections) {
+                try {
+                    CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.wrap(message);
+                    connection.getWsOutbound().writeTextMessage(buffer);
+                } catch (IOException ignore) {
+                    // Ignore
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage$EchoMessageInbound.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage$EchoMessageInbound.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0893ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage$EchoMessageInbound.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5e630c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1fe084
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoMessage.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package websocket.echo;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.CharBuffer;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.MessageInbound;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.StreamInbound;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WebSocketServlet;
+
+
+public class EchoMessage extends WebSocketServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+    private volatile int byteBufSize;
+    private volatile int charBufSize;
+
+    @Override
+    public void init() throws ServletException {
+        super.init();
+        byteBufSize = getInitParameterIntValue("byteBufferMaxSize", 2097152);
+        charBufSize = getInitParameterIntValue("charBufferMaxSize", 2097152);
+    }
+
+    public int getInitParameterIntValue(String name, int defaultValue) {
+        String val = this.getInitParameter(name);
+        int result;
+        if(null != val) {
+            try {
+                result = Integer.parseInt(val);
+            }catch (Exception x) {
+                result = defaultValue;
+            }
+        } else {
+            result = defaultValue;
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+
+
+    @Override
+    protected StreamInbound createWebSocketInbound(String subProtocol,
+            HttpServletRequest request) {
+        return new EchoMessageInbound(byteBufSize,charBufSize);
+    }
+
+    private static final class EchoMessageInbound extends MessageInbound {
+
+        public EchoMessageInbound(int byteBufferMaxSize, int charBufferMaxSize) {
+            super();
+            setByteBufferMaxSize(byteBufferMaxSize);
+            setCharBufferMaxSize(charBufferMaxSize);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onBinaryMessage(ByteBuffer message) throws IOException {
+            getWsOutbound().writeBinaryMessage(message);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onTextMessage(CharBuffer message) throws IOException {
+            getWsOutbound().writeTextMessage(message);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream$1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream$1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c266a11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream$1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream$EchoStreamInbound.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream$EchoStreamInbound.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..556fa40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream$EchoStreamInbound.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58d2ae9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..693424e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/EchoStream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package websocket.echo;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.Reader;
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.StreamInbound;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WebSocketServlet;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WsOutbound;
+
+
+public class EchoStream extends WebSocketServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    @Override
+    protected StreamInbound createWebSocketInbound(String subProtocol,
+            HttpServletRequest request) {
+        return new EchoStreamInbound();
+    }
+
+    private static final class EchoStreamInbound extends StreamInbound {
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onBinaryData(InputStream is) throws IOException {
+            // Simply echo the data to back to the client.
+            WsOutbound outbound = getWsOutbound();
+
+            int i = is.read();
+            while (i != -1) {
+                outbound.writeBinaryData(i);
+                i = is.read();
+            }
+
+            outbound.flush();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onTextData(Reader r) throws IOException {
+            // Simply echo the data to back to the client.
+            WsOutbound outbound = getWsOutbound();
+
+            int c = r.read();
+            while (c != -1) {
+                outbound.writeTextData((char) c);
+                c = r.read();
+            }
+
+            outbound.flush();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Direction.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Direction.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6f4494
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Direction.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Direction.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Direction.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b36c7a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Direction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package websocket.snake;
+
+public enum Direction {
+    NONE, NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location$1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location$1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b42186
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location$1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9db638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e21bdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Location.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package websocket.snake;
+
+public class Location {
+
+    public int x;
+    public int y;
+
+    public Location(int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    public Location getAdjacentLocation(Direction direction) {
+        switch (direction) {
+            case NORTH:
+                return new Location(x, y - SnakeWebSocketServlet.GRID_SIZE);
+            case SOUTH:
+                return new Location(x, y + SnakeWebSocketServlet.GRID_SIZE);
+            case EAST:
+                return new Location(x + SnakeWebSocketServlet.GRID_SIZE, y);
+            case WEST:
+                return new Location(x - SnakeWebSocketServlet.GRID_SIZE, y);
+            case NONE:
+                // fall through
+            default:
+                return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (this == o) return true;
+        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
+
+        Location location = (Location) o;
+
+        if (x != location.x) return false;
+        if (y != location.y) return false;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        int result = x;
+        result = 31 * result + y;
+        return result;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Snake.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Snake.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfd7af0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Snake.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Snake.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Snake.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bce4dee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/Snake.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package websocket.snake;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.CharBuffer;
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Deque;
+
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WsOutbound;
+
+public class Snake {
+
+    private static final int DEFAULT_LENGTH = 5;
+
+    private final int id;
+    private final WsOutbound outbound;
+
+    private Direction direction;
+    private int length = DEFAULT_LENGTH;
+    private Location head;
+    private Deque<Location> tail = new ArrayDeque<Location>();
+    private String hexColor;
+
+    public Snake(int id, WsOutbound outbound) {
+        this.id = id;
+        this.outbound = outbound;
+        this.hexColor = SnakeWebSocketServlet.getRandomHexColor();
+        resetState();
+    }
+
+    private void resetState() {
+        this.direction = Direction.NONE;
+        this.head = SnakeWebSocketServlet.getRandomLocation();
+        this.tail.clear();
+        this.length = DEFAULT_LENGTH;
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void kill() {
+        resetState();
+        try {
+            CharBuffer response = CharBuffer.wrap("{'type': 'dead'}");
+            outbound.writeTextMessage(response);
+        } catch (IOException ioe) {
+            // Ignore
+        }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void reward() {
+        length++;
+        try {
+            CharBuffer response = CharBuffer.wrap("{'type': 'kill'}");
+            outbound.writeTextMessage(response);
+        } catch (IOException ioe) {
+            // Ignore
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void update(Collection<Snake> snakes) {
+        Location nextLocation = head.getAdjacentLocation(direction);
+        if (nextLocation.x >= SnakeWebSocketServlet.PLAYFIELD_WIDTH) {
+            nextLocation.x = 0;
+        }
+        if (nextLocation.y >= SnakeWebSocketServlet.PLAYFIELD_HEIGHT) {
+            nextLocation.y = 0;
+        }
+        if (nextLocation.x < 0) {
+            nextLocation.x = SnakeWebSocketServlet.PLAYFIELD_WIDTH;
+        }
+        if (nextLocation.y < 0) {
+            nextLocation.y = SnakeWebSocketServlet.PLAYFIELD_HEIGHT;
+        }
+        if (direction != Direction.NONE) {
+            tail.addFirst(head);
+            if (tail.size() > length) {
+                tail.removeLast();
+            }
+            head = nextLocation;
+        }
+
+        handleCollisions(snakes);
+    }
+
+    private void handleCollisions(Collection<Snake> snakes) {
+        for (Snake snake : snakes) {
+            boolean headCollision = id != snake.id && snake.getHead().equals(head);
+            boolean tailCollision = snake.getTail().contains(head);
+            if (headCollision || tailCollision) {
+                kill();
+                if (id != snake.id) {
+                    snake.reward();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized Location getHead() {
+        return head;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized Collection<Location> getTail() {
+        return tail;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void setDirection(Direction direction) {
+        this.direction = direction;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized String getLocationsJson() {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        sb.append(String.format("{x: %d, y: %d}",
+                Integer.valueOf(head.x), Integer.valueOf(head.y)));
+        for (Location location : tail) {
+            sb.append(',');
+            sb.append(String.format("{x: %d, y: %d}",
+                    Integer.valueOf(location.x), Integer.valueOf(location.y)));
+        }
+        return String.format("{'id':%d,'body':[%s]}",
+                Integer.valueOf(id), sb.toString());
+    }
+
+    public int getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public String getHexColor() {
+        return hexColor;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet$1.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet$1.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c37fbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet$1.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet$SnakeMessageInbound.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet$SnakeMessageInbound.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b63446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet$SnakeMessageInbound.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet.class b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5157260
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d66bbe3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/SnakeWebSocketServlet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package websocket.snake;
+
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.CharBuffer;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Timer;
+import java.util.TimerTask;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.MessageInbound;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.StreamInbound;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WebSocketServlet;
+import org.apache.catalina.websocket.WsOutbound;
+import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
+import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Example web socket servlet for simple multiplayer snake.
+ */
+public class SnakeWebSocketServlet extends WebSocketServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    private static final Log log =
+            LogFactory.getLog(SnakeWebSocketServlet.class);
+
+    public static final int PLAYFIELD_WIDTH = 640;
+    public static final int PLAYFIELD_HEIGHT = 480;
+    public static final int GRID_SIZE = 10;
+
+    private static final long TICK_DELAY = 100;
+
+    private static final Random random = new Random();
+
+    private final Timer gameTimer =
+            new Timer(SnakeWebSocketServlet.class.getSimpleName() + " Timer");
+
+    private final AtomicInteger connectionIds = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    private final ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Snake> snakes =
+            new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Snake>();
+    private final ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, SnakeMessageInbound> connections =
+            new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, SnakeMessageInbound>();
+
+    @Override
+    public void init() throws ServletException {
+        super.init();
+        gameTimer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    tick();
+                } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                    log.error("Caught to prevent timer from shutting down", e);
+                }
+            }
+        }, TICK_DELAY, TICK_DELAY);
+    }
+
+    private void tick() {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        for (Iterator<Snake> iterator = getSnakes().iterator();
+                iterator.hasNext();) {
+            Snake snake = iterator.next();
+            snake.update(getSnakes());
+            sb.append(snake.getLocationsJson());
+            if (iterator.hasNext()) {
+                sb.append(',');
+            }
+        }
+        broadcast(String.format("{'type': 'update', 'data' : [%s]}",
+                sb.toString()));
+    }
+
+    private void broadcast(String message) {
+        for (SnakeMessageInbound connection : getConnections()) {
+            try {
+                CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.wrap(message);
+                connection.getWsOutbound().writeTextMessage(buffer);
+            } catch (IOException ignore) {
+                // Ignore
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Collection<SnakeMessageInbound> getConnections() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableCollection(connections.values());
+    }
+
+    private Collection<Snake> getSnakes() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableCollection(snakes.values());
+    }
+
+    public static String getRandomHexColor() {
+        float hue = random.nextFloat();
+        // sat between 0.1 and 0.3
+        float saturation = (random.nextInt(2000) + 1000) / 10000f;
+        float luminance = 0.9f;
+        Color color = Color.getHSBColor(hue, saturation, luminance);
+        return '#' + Integer.toHexString(
+                (color.getRGB() & 0xffffff) | 0x1000000).substring(1);
+    }
+
+    public static Location getRandomLocation() {
+        int x = roundByGridSize(
+                random.nextInt(SnakeWebSocketServlet.PLAYFIELD_WIDTH));
+        int y = roundByGridSize(
+                random.nextInt(SnakeWebSocketServlet.PLAYFIELD_HEIGHT));
+        return new Location(x, y);
+    }
+
+    private static int roundByGridSize(int value) {
+        value = value + (SnakeWebSocketServlet.GRID_SIZE / 2);
+        value = value / SnakeWebSocketServlet.GRID_SIZE;
+        value = value * SnakeWebSocketServlet.GRID_SIZE;
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void destroy() {
+        super.destroy();
+        if (gameTimer != null) {
+            gameTimer.cancel();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected StreamInbound createWebSocketInbound(String subProtocol,
+            HttpServletRequest request) {
+        return new SnakeMessageInbound(connectionIds.incrementAndGet());
+    }
+
+    private final class SnakeMessageInbound extends MessageInbound {
+
+        private final int id;
+        private Snake snake;
+
+        private SnakeMessageInbound(int id) {
+            this.id = id;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onOpen(WsOutbound outbound) {
+            this.snake = new Snake(id, outbound);
+            snakes.put(Integer.valueOf(id), snake);
+            connections.put(Integer.valueOf(id), this);
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            for (Iterator<Snake> iterator = getSnakes().iterator();
+                    iterator.hasNext();) {
+                Snake snake = iterator.next();
+                sb.append(String.format("{id: %d, color: '%s'}",
+                        Integer.valueOf(snake.getId()), snake.getHexColor()));
+                if (iterator.hasNext()) {
+                    sb.append(',');
+                }
+            }
+            broadcast(String.format("{'type': 'join','data':[%s]}",
+                    sb.toString()));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onClose(int status) {
+            connections.remove(Integer.valueOf(id));
+            snakes.remove(Integer.valueOf(id));
+            broadcast(String.format("{'type': 'leave', 'id': %d}",
+                    Integer.valueOf(id)));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onBinaryMessage(ByteBuffer message) throws IOException {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+                    "Binary message not supported.");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onTextMessage(CharBuffer charBuffer) throws IOException {
+            String message = charBuffer.toString();
+            if ("west".equals(message)) {
+                snake.setDirection(Direction.WEST);
+            } else if ("north".equals(message)) {
+                snake.setDirection(Direction.NORTH);
+            } else if ("east".equals(message)) {
+                snake.setDirection(Direction.EAST);
+            } else if ("south".equals(message)) {
+                snake.setDirection(Direction.SOUTH);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/applet/Clock2.java b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/applet/Clock2.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccc96d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/applet/Clock2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+import java.applet.Applet;
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.Font;
+import java.awt.Graphics;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Time!
+ *
+ * @author Rachel Gollub
+ */
+
+public class Clock2 extends Applet implements Runnable {
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+    Thread timer;                // The thread that displays clock
+    int lastxs, lastys, lastxm,
+        lastym, lastxh, lastyh;  // Dimensions used to draw hands
+    SimpleDateFormat formatter;  // Formats the date displayed
+    String lastdate;             // String to hold date displayed
+    Font clockFaceFont;          // Font for number display on clock
+    Date currentDate;            // Used to get date to display
+    Color handColor;             // Color of main hands and dial
+    Color numberColor;           // Color of second hand and numbers
+
+    @Override
+    public void init() {
+        lastxs = lastys = lastxm = lastym = lastxh = lastyh = 0;
+        formatter = new SimpleDateFormat ("EEE MMM dd hh:mm:ss yyyy", Locale.getDefault());
+        currentDate = new Date();
+        lastdate = formatter.format(currentDate);
+        clockFaceFont = new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 14);
+        handColor = Color.blue;
+        numberColor = Color.darkGray;
+
+        try {
+            setBackground(new Color(Integer.parseInt(getParameter("bgcolor"),16)));
+        } catch (Exception E) { }
+        try {
+            handColor = new Color(Integer.parseInt(getParameter("fgcolor1"),16));
+        } catch (Exception E) { }
+        try {
+            numberColor = new Color(Integer.parseInt(getParameter("fgcolor2"),16));
+        } catch (Exception E) { }
+        resize(300,300);              // Set clock window size
+    }
+
+    // Plotpoints allows calculation to only cover 45 degrees of the circle,
+    // and then mirror
+    public void plotpoints(int x0, int y0, int x, int y, Graphics g) {
+        g.drawLine(x0+x,y0+y,x0+x,y0+y);
+        g.drawLine(x0+y,y0+x,x0+y,y0+x);
+        g.drawLine(x0+y,y0-x,x0+y,y0-x);
+        g.drawLine(x0+x,y0-y,x0+x,y0-y);
+        g.drawLine(x0-x,y0-y,x0-x,y0-y);
+        g.drawLine(x0-y,y0-x,x0-y,y0-x);
+        g.drawLine(x0-y,y0+x,x0-y,y0+x);
+        g.drawLine(x0-x,y0+y,x0-x,y0+y);
+    }
+
+    // Circle is just Bresenham's algorithm for a scan converted circle
+    public void circle(int x0, int y0, int r, Graphics g) {
+        int x,y;
+        float d;
+        x=0;
+        y=r;
+        d=5/4-r;
+        plotpoints(x0,y0,x,y,g);
+
+        while (y>x){
+            if (d<0) {
+                d=d+2*x+3;
+                x++;
+            }
+            else {
+                d=d+2*(x-y)+5;
+                x++;
+                y--;
+            }
+            plotpoints(x0,y0,x,y,g);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Paint is the main part of the program
+    @Override
+    public void paint(Graphics g) {
+        int xh, yh, xm, ym, xs, ys, s = 0, m = 10, h = 10, xcenter, ycenter;
+        String today;
+
+        currentDate = new Date();
+        SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("s",Locale.getDefault());
+        try {
+            s = Integer.parseInt(formatter.format(currentDate));
+        } catch (NumberFormatException n) {
+            s = 0;
+        }
+        formatter.applyPattern("m");
+        try {
+            m = Integer.parseInt(formatter.format(currentDate));
+        } catch (NumberFormatException n) {
+            m = 10;
+        }
+        formatter.applyPattern("h");
+        try {
+            h = Integer.parseInt(formatter.format(currentDate));
+        } catch (NumberFormatException n) {
+            h = 10;
+        }
+        formatter.applyPattern("EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss yyyy");
+        today = formatter.format(currentDate);
+        xcenter=80;
+        ycenter=55;
+
+    // a= s* pi/2 - pi/2 (to switch 0,0 from 3:00 to 12:00)
+    // x = r(cos a) + xcenter, y = r(sin a) + ycenter
+
+        xs = (int)(Math.cos(s * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 45 + xcenter);
+        ys = (int)(Math.sin(s * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 45 + ycenter);
+        xm = (int)(Math.cos(m * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 40 + xcenter);
+        ym = (int)(Math.sin(m * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 40 + ycenter);
+        xh = (int)(Math.cos((h*30 + m/2) * 3.14f/180 - 3.14f/2) * 30 + xcenter);
+        yh = (int)(Math.sin((h*30 + m/2) * 3.14f/180 - 3.14f/2) * 30 + ycenter);
+
+    // Draw the circle and numbers
+
+        g.setFont(clockFaceFont);
+        g.setColor(handColor);
+        circle(xcenter,ycenter,50,g);
+        g.setColor(numberColor);
+        g.drawString("9",xcenter-45,ycenter+3);
+        g.drawString("3",xcenter+40,ycenter+3);
+        g.drawString("12",xcenter-5,ycenter-37);
+        g.drawString("6",xcenter-3,ycenter+45);
+
+    // Erase if necessary, and redraw
+
+        g.setColor(getBackground());
+        if (xs != lastxs || ys != lastys) {
+            g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter, lastxs, lastys);
+            g.drawString(lastdate, 5, 125);
+        }
+        if (xm != lastxm || ym != lastym) {
+            g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, lastxm, lastym);
+            g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, lastxm, lastym); }
+        if (xh != lastxh || yh != lastyh) {
+            g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, lastxh, lastyh);
+            g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, lastxh, lastyh); }
+        g.setColor(numberColor);
+        g.drawString("", 5, 125);
+        g.drawString(today, 5, 125);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter, xs, ys);
+        g.setColor(handColor);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, xm, ym);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, xm, ym);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, xh, yh);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, xh, yh);
+        lastxs=xs; lastys=ys;
+        lastxm=xm; lastym=ym;
+        lastxh=xh; lastyh=yh;
+        lastdate = today;
+        currentDate=null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void start() {
+        timer = new Thread(this);
+        timer.start();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void stop() {
+        timer = null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void run() {
+        Thread me = Thread.currentThread();
+        while (timer == me) {
+            try {
+                Thread.sleep(100);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            }
+            repaint();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void update(Graphics g) {
+        paint(g);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getAppletInfo() {
+        return "Title: A Clock \nAuthor: Rachel Gollub, 1995 \nAn analog clock.";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String[][] getParameterInfo() {
+        String[][] info = {
+            {"bgcolor", "hexadecimal RGB number", "The background color. Default is the color of your browser."},
+            {"fgcolor1", "hexadecimal RGB number", "The color of the hands and dial. Default is blue."},
+            {"fgcolor2", "hexadecimal RGB number", "The color of the seconds hand and numbers. Default is dark gray."}
+        };
+        return info;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/debug-taglib.tld b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/debug-taglib.tld
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d56027c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/debug-taglib.tld
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE taglib
+        PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JSP Tag Library 1.2//EN"
+        "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtd/web-jsptaglibrary_1_2.dtd">
+
+<!-- a tag library descriptor -->
+
+<taglib>
+  <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
+  <jsp-version>1.2</jsp-version>
+  <short-name>debug</short-name>
+  <uri>http://tomcat.apache.org/debug-taglib</uri>
+  <description>
+    This tag library defines no tags.  Instead, its purpose is encapsulated
+    in the TagLibraryValidator implementation that simply outputs the XML
+    version of a JSP page to standard output, whenever this tag library is
+    referenced in a "taglib" directive in a JSP page.
+  </description>
+  <validator>
+    <validator-class>validators.DebugValidator</validator-class>
+  </validator>
+
+  <!-- This is a dummy tag solely to satisfy DTD requirements -->
+  <tag>
+    <name>log</name>
+    <tag-class>examples.LogTag</tag-class>
+    <body-content>TAGDEPENDENT</body-content>
+    <description>
+        Perform a server side action; Log the message.
+    </description>
+    <attribute>
+        <name>toBrowser</name>
+        <required>false</required>
+    </attribute>
+  </tag>
+
+
+</taglib>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/example-taglib.tld b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/example-taglib.tld
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..906ba00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/example-taglib.tld
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE taglib
+        PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JSP Tag Library 1.2//EN"
+        "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtd/web-jsptaglibrary_1_2.dtd">
+
+<taglib>
+
+  <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
+  <jsp-version>1.2</jsp-version>
+  <short-name>simple</short-name>
+  <uri>http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib</uri>
+  <description>
+    A simple tab library for the examples
+  </description>
+
+  <tag>
+    <name>ShowSource</name>
+    <tag-class>examples.ShowSource</tag-class>
+    <description> Display JSP sources </description>
+    <attribute>
+       <name>jspFile</name>
+       <required>true</required>
+       <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
+    </attribute>
+  </tag>
+
+  <!-- A simple Tag -->
+  <!-- foo tag -->
+  <tag>
+    <name>foo</name>
+    <tag-class>examples.FooTag</tag-class>
+    <tei-class>examples.FooTagExtraInfo</tei-class>
+    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
+    <description>
+      Perform a server side action; uses 3 mandatory attributes
+    </description>
+
+    <attribute>
+      <name>att1</name>
+      <required>true</required>
+    </attribute>
+    <attribute>
+      <name>att2</name>
+      <required>true</required>
+    </attribute>
+    <attribute>
+      <name>att3</name>
+      <required>true</required>
+    </attribute>
+  </tag>
+
+  <!-- Another simple tag -->
+  <!-- log tag -->
+  <tag>
+    <name>log</name>
+    <tag-class>examples.LogTag</tag-class>
+    <body-content>TAGDEPENDENT</body-content>
+    <description>
+      Perform a server side action; Log the message.
+    </description>
+    <attribute>
+      <name>toBrowser</name>
+      <required>false</required>
+    </attribute>
+  </tag>
+
+  <!-- Another simple Tag -->
+  <!-- values tag -->
+  <tag>
+    <name>values</name>
+    <tag-class>examples.ValuesTag</tag-class>
+    <body-content>empty</body-content>
+    <description>
+        Accept and return values of different types. This tag is used
+        to illustrate type coercions.
+    </description>
+    <attribute>
+      <name>object</name>
+      <required>false</required>
+      <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
+      <type>java.lang.Object</type>
+    </attribute>
+    <attribute>
+      <name>string</name>
+      <required>false</required>
+      <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
+      <type>java.lang.String</type>
+    </attribute>
+    <attribute>
+      <name>long</name>
+      <required>false</required>
+      <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
+      <type>long</type>
+    </attribute>
+    <attribute>
+      <name>double</name>
+      <required>false</required>
+      <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
+      <type>double</type>
+    </attribute>
+  </tag>
+</taglib>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3a2563
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
+    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
+    version="2.0">
+    <description>A tag library exercising SimpleTag handlers.</description>
+    <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
+    <short-name>SimpleTagLibrary</short-name>
+    <uri>http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib</uri>
+    <tag>
+        <description>Outputs Hello, World</description>
+        <name>helloWorld</name>
+        <tag-class>jsp2.examples.simpletag.HelloWorldSimpleTag</tag-class>
+        <body-content>empty</body-content>
+    </tag>
+    <tag>
+        <description>Repeats the body of the tag 'num' times</description>
+        <name>repeat</name>
+        <tag-class>jsp2.examples.simpletag.RepeatSimpleTag</tag-class>
+        <body-content>scriptless</body-content>
+        <variable>
+            <description>Current invocation count (1 to num)</description>
+            <name-given>count</name-given>
+        </variable>
+        <attribute>
+            <name>num</name>
+            <required>true</required>
+            <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
+        </attribute>
+    </tag>
+    <tag>
+        <description>Populates the page context with a BookBean</description>
+        <name>findBook</name>
+        <tag-class>jsp2.examples.simpletag.FindBookSimpleTag</tag-class>
+        <body-content>empty</body-content>
+        <attribute>
+            <name>var</name>
+            <required>true</required>
+            <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
+        </attribute>
+    </tag>
+    <tag>
+        <description>
+            Takes 3 fragments and invokes them in a random order
+        </description>
+        <name>shuffle</name>
+        <tag-class>jsp2.examples.simpletag.ShuffleSimpleTag</tag-class>
+        <body-content>empty</body-content>
+        <attribute>
+            <name>fragment1</name>
+            <required>true</required>
+            <fragment>true</fragment>
+        </attribute>
+        <attribute>
+            <name>fragment2</name>
+            <required>true</required>
+            <fragment>true</fragment>
+        </attribute>
+        <attribute>
+            <name>fragment3</name>
+            <required>true</required>
+            <fragment>true</fragment>
+        </attribute>
+    </tag>
+    <tag>
+        <description>Outputs a colored tile</description>
+        <name>tile</name>
+        <tag-class>jsp2.examples.simpletag.TileSimpleTag</tag-class>
+        <body-content>empty</body-content>
+        <attribute>
+            <name>color</name>
+            <required>true</required>
+        </attribute>
+        <attribute>
+            <name>label</name>
+            <required>true</required>
+        </attribute>
+    </tag>
+    <tag>
+        <description>
+          Tag that echoes all its attributes and body content
+        </description>
+        <name>echoAttributes</name>
+        <tag-class>jsp2.examples.simpletag.EchoAttributesTag</tag-class>
+        <body-content>empty</body-content>
+        <dynamic-attributes>true</dynamic-attributes>
+    </tag>
+    <function>
+        <description>Reverses the characters in the given String</description>
+        <name>reverse</name>
+        <function-class>jsp2.examples.el.Functions</function-class>
+        <function-signature>java.lang.String reverse( java.lang.String )</function-signature>
+    </function>
+    <function>
+        <description>Counts the number of vowels (a,e,i,o,u) in the given String</description>
+        <name>countVowels</name>
+        <function-class>jsp2.examples.el.Functions</function-class>
+        <function-signature>java.lang.String numVowels( java.lang.String )</function-signature>
+    </function>
+    <function>
+        <description>Converts the string to all caps</description>
+        <name>caps</name>
+        <function-class>jsp2.examples.el.Functions</function-class>
+        <function-signature>java.lang.String caps( java.lang.String )</function-signature>
+    </function>
+</taglib>
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/jstl.jar b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/jstl.jar
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a02abec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/jstl.jar
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/standard.jar b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/standard.jar
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc528ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/standard.jar
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/displayProducts.tag b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/displayProducts.tag
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2702a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/displayProducts.tag
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
+<%@ attribute name="normalPrice" fragment="true" %>
+<%@ attribute name="onSale" fragment="true" %>
+<%@ variable name-given="name" %>
+<%@ variable name-given="price" %>
+<%@ variable name-given="origPrice" %>
+<%@ variable name-given="salePrice" %>
+
+<table border="1">
+  <tr>
+    <td>
+      <c:set var="name" value="Hand-held Color PDA"/>
+      <c:set var="price" value="$298.86"/>
+      <jsp:invoke fragment="normalPrice"/>
+    </td>
+    <td>
+      <c:set var="name" value="4-Pack 150 Watt Light Bulbs"/>
+      <c:set var="origPrice" value="$2.98"/>
+      <c:set var="salePrice" value="$2.32"/>
+      <jsp:invoke fragment="onSale"/>
+    </td>
+    <td>
+      <c:set var="name" value="Digital Cellular Phone"/>
+      <c:set var="price" value="$68.74"/>
+      <jsp:invoke fragment="normalPrice"/>
+    </td>
+    <td>
+      <c:set var="name" value="Baby Grand Piano"/>
+      <c:set var="price" value="$10,800.00"/>
+      <jsp:invoke fragment="normalPrice"/>
+    </td>
+    <td>
+      <c:set var="name" value="Luxury Car w/ Leather Seats"/>
+      <c:set var="origPrice" value="$23,980.00"/>
+      <c:set var="salePrice" value="$21,070.00"/>
+      <jsp:invoke fragment="onSale"/>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/helloWorld.tag b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/helloWorld.tag
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f52e823
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/helloWorld.tag
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+Hello, world!
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/panel.tag b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/panel.tag
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90aaf91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/panel.tag
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<%@ attribute name="color" %>
+<%@ attribute name="bgcolor" %>
+<%@ attribute name="title" %>
+<table border="1" bgcolor="${color}">
+  <tr>
+    <td><b>${title}</b></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td bgcolor="${bgcolor}">
+      <jsp:doBody/>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/xhtmlbasic.tag b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/xhtmlbasic.tag
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8af5e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/xhtmlbasic.tag
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
+"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<jsp:doBody/>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/web.xml b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/web.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6d24b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/web.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
+  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
+                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
+  version="3.0"
+  metadata-complete="true">
+
+    <description>
+      Servlet and JSP Examples.
+    </description>
+    <display-name>Servlet and JSP Examples</display-name>
+
+    <!-- Define example filters -->
+    <filter>
+        <filter-name>Timing filter</filter-name>
+        <filter-class>filters.ExampleFilter</filter-class>
+        <init-param>
+            <param-name>attribute</param-name>
+            <param-value>filters.ExampleFilter</param-value>
+        </init-param>
+    </filter>
+
+    <filter>
+        <filter-name>Request Dumper Filter</filter-name>
+        <filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.RequestDumperFilter</filter-class>
+    </filter>
+
+    <!-- Example filter to set character encoding on each request -->
+    <filter>
+        <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
+        <filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
+        <init-param>
+            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
+            <param-value>EUC_JP</param-value>
+        </init-param>
+        <init-param>
+            <param-name>ignore</param-name>
+            <param-value>true</param-value>
+        </init-param>
+    </filter>
+
+    <filter>
+        <filter-name>Compression Filter</filter-name>
+        <filter-class>compressionFilters.CompressionFilter</filter-class>
+        <init-param>
+            <param-name>compressionThreshold</param-name>
+            <param-value>128</param-value>
+        </init-param>
+        <init-param>
+            <param-name>compressionBuffer</param-name>
+            <param-value>8192</param-value>
+        </init-param>
+        <init-param>
+            <param-name>compressionMimeTypes</param-name>
+            <param-value>text/html,text/plain,text/xml</param-value>
+        </init-param>
+        <init-param>
+          <param-name>debug</param-name>
+          <param-value>0</param-value>
+        </init-param>
+    </filter>
+
+    <!-- Define filter mappings for the timing filters -->
+    <!--
+    <filter-mapping>
+        <filter-name>Timing Filter</filter-name>
+        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
+    </filter-mapping>
+    -->
+
+<!-- Example filter mapping to apply the "Set Character Encoding" filter
+     to *all* requests processed by this web application -->
+<!--
+    <filter-mapping>
+        <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
+        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
+    </filter-mapping>
+-->
+
+<!--
+    <filter-mapping>
+      <filter-name>Compression Filter</filter-name>
+      <url-pattern>/CompressionTest</url-pattern>
+    </filter-mapping>
+-->
+
+<!--
+    <filter-mapping>
+        <filter-name>Request Dumper Filter</filter-name>
+        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
+    </filter-mapping>
+-->
+
+    <!-- Define example application events listeners -->
+    <listener>
+        <listener-class>listeners.ContextListener</listener-class>
+    </listener>
+    <listener>
+        <listener-class>listeners.SessionListener</listener-class>
+    </listener>
+
+    <!-- Define servlets that are included in the example application -->
+
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>ServletToJsp</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>ServletToJsp</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>ChatServlet</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>chat.ChatServlet</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>CompressionFilterTestServlet</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>compressionFilters.CompressionFilterTestServlet</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>HelloWorldExample</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>HelloWorldExample</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>RequestInfoExample</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>RequestInfoExample</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>RequestHeaderExample</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>RequestHeaderExample</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>RequestParamExample</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>RequestParamExample</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>CookieExample</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>CookieExample</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>SessionExample</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>SessionExample</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>ChatServlet</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/jsp/chat/chat</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>CompressionFilterTestServlet</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/CompressionTest</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>HelloWorldExample</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/servlets/servlet/HelloWorldExample</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>RequestInfoExample</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/servlets/servlet/RequestInfoExample/*</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>RequestHeaderExample</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/servlets/servlet/RequestHeaderExample</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>RequestParamExample</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/servlets/servlet/RequestParamExample</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>CookieExample</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/servlets/servlet/CookieExample</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>SessionExample</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/servlets/servlet/SessionExample</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>ServletToJsp</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/servletToJsp</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+
+    <jsp-config>
+        <taglib>
+            <taglib-uri>
+               http://tomcat.apache.org/debug-taglib
+            </taglib-uri>
+            <taglib-location>
+               /WEB-INF/jsp/debug-taglib.tld
+            </taglib-location>
+        </taglib>
+
+        <taglib>
+            <taglib-uri>
+               http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib
+            </taglib-uri>
+            <taglib-location>
+               /WEB-INF/jsp/example-taglib.tld
+            </taglib-location>
+        </taglib>
+
+        <taglib>
+            <taglib-uri>
+               http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib
+            </taglib-uri>
+            <taglib-location>
+               /WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld
+            </taglib-location>
+        </taglib>
+
+        <jsp-property-group>
+            <description>
+                Special property group for JSP Configuration JSP example.
+            </description>
+            <display-name>JSPConfiguration</display-name>
+            <url-pattern>/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.jsp</url-pattern>
+            <el-ignored>true</el-ignored>
+            <page-encoding>ISO-8859-1</page-encoding>
+            <scripting-invalid>true</scripting-invalid>
+            <include-prelude>/jsp/jsp2/misc/prelude.jspf</include-prelude>
+            <include-coda>/jsp/jsp2/misc/coda.jspf</include-coda>
+        </jsp-property-group>
+    </jsp-config>
+
+   <security-constraint>
+      <display-name>Example Security Constraint</display-name>
+      <web-resource-collection>
+         <web-resource-name>Protected Area</web-resource-name>
+         <!-- Define the context-relative URL(s) to be protected -->
+         <url-pattern>/jsp/security/protected/*</url-pattern>
+         <!-- If you list http methods, only those methods are protected -->
+         <http-method>DELETE</http-method>
+         <http-method>GET</http-method>
+         <http-method>POST</http-method>
+         <http-method>PUT</http-method>
+      </web-resource-collection>
+      <auth-constraint>
+         <!-- Anyone with one of the listed roles may access this area -->
+         <role-name>tomcat</role-name>
+         <role-name>role1</role-name>
+      </auth-constraint>
+    </security-constraint>
+
+    <!-- Default login configuration uses form-based authentication -->
+    <login-config>
+      <auth-method>FORM</auth-method>
+      <realm-name>Example Form-Based Authentication Area</realm-name>
+      <form-login-config>
+        <form-login-page>/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp</form-login-page>
+        <form-error-page>/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp</form-error-page>
+      </form-login-config>
+    </login-config>
+
+    <!-- Security roles referenced by this web application -->
+    <security-role>
+      <role-name>role1</role-name>
+    </security-role>
+    <security-role>
+      <role-name>tomcat</role-name>
+    </security-role>
+
+    <!-- Environment entry examples -->
+    <!--env-entry>
+      <env-entry-description>
+         The maximum number of tax exemptions allowed to be set.
+      </env-entry-description>
+      <env-entry-name>maxExemptions</env-entry-name>
+      <env-entry-type>java.lang.Integer</env-entry-type>
+      <env-entry-value>15</env-entry-value>
+    </env-entry-->
+    <env-entry>
+      <env-entry-name>minExemptions</env-entry-name>
+      <env-entry-type>java.lang.Integer</env-entry-type>
+      <env-entry-value>1</env-entry-value>
+    </env-entry>
+    <env-entry>
+      <env-entry-name>foo/name1</env-entry-name>
+      <env-entry-type>java.lang.String</env-entry-type>
+      <env-entry-value>value1</env-entry-value>
+    </env-entry>
+    <env-entry>
+      <env-entry-name>foo/bar/name2</env-entry-name>
+      <env-entry-type>java.lang.Boolean</env-entry-type>
+      <env-entry-value>true</env-entry-value>
+    </env-entry>
+    <env-entry>
+      <env-entry-name>name3</env-entry-name>
+      <env-entry-type>java.lang.Integer</env-entry-type>
+      <env-entry-value>1</env-entry-value>
+    </env-entry>
+    <env-entry>
+      <env-entry-name>foo/name4</env-entry-name>
+      <env-entry-type>java.lang.Integer</env-entry-type>
+      <env-entry-value>10</env-entry-value>
+    </env-entry>
+
+    <!-- Async examples -->
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>async0</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>async.Async0</servlet-class>
+      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>async0</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/async/async0</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>async1</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>async.Async1</servlet-class>
+      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>async1</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/async/async1</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>async2</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>async.Async2</servlet-class>
+      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>async2</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/async/async2</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>async3</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>async.Async3</servlet-class>
+      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>async3</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/async/async3</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>stock</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>async.AsyncStockServlet</servlet-class>
+      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>stock</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/async/stockticker</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+
+    <!-- WebSocket Examples -->
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>wsEchoStream</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>websocket.echo.EchoStream</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>wsEchoStream</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/websocket/echoStream</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>wsEchoMessage</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>websocket.echo.EchoMessage</servlet-class>
+      <!-- Uncomment the following block to increase the default maximum
+           WebSocket buffer size from 2MB to 20MB which is required for the
+           Autobahn test suite to pass fully. -->
+      <!--
+      <init-param>
+        <param-name>byteBufferMaxSize</param-name>
+        <param-value>20971520</param-value>
+      </init-param>
+      <init-param>
+        <param-name>charBufferMaxSize</param-name>
+        <param-value>20971520</param-value>
+      </init-param>
+      -->
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>wsEchoMessage</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/websocket/echoMessage</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>wsChat</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>websocket.chat.ChatWebSocketServlet</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>wsChat</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/websocket/chat</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet>
+      <servlet-name>wsSnake</servlet-name>
+      <servlet-class>websocket.snake.SnakeWebSocketServlet</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+      <servlet-name>wsSnake</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/websocket/snake</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+
+</web-app>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/index.html b/webapps/examples/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96e5a20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
+<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Apache Tomcat Examples</TITLE>
+<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html">
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+<P>
+<H3>Apache Tomcat Examples</H3>
+<P></P>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="servlets">Servlets examples</a></li>
+<li><a href="jsp">JSP Examples</a></li>
+<li><a href="websocket">WebSocket Examples</a></li>
+</ul>
+</BODY></HTML>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async1.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async1.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb6fa2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async1.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@page session="false"%>
+Output from async1.jsp
+Type is <%=request.getDispatcherType()%>
+<%
+System.out.println("Inside Async 1");
+  if (request.isAsyncStarted()) {
+    request.getAsyncContext().complete();
+  }
+%>
+Completed async request at <%=new java.sql.Date(System.currentTimeMillis())%>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async1.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async1.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c460b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async1.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@page session="false"%>
+Output from async1.jsp
+Type is &lt;%=request.getDispatcherType()%>
+&lt;%
+System.out.println("Inside Async 1");
+  if (request.isAsyncStarted()) {
+    request.getAsyncContext().complete();
+  }
+%>
+Completed async request at &lt;%=new java.sql.Date(System.currentTimeMillis())%>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async3.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async3.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c16d5d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async3.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@page session="false"%>
+Output from async3.jsp
+Type is <%=request.getDispatcherType()%>
+Completed async 3 request at <%=new java.sql.Date(System.currentTimeMillis())%>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async3.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async3.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad77ae9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/async3.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@page session="false"%>
+Output from async3.jsp
+Type is &lt;%=request.getDispatcherType()%>
+Completed async 3 request at &lt;%=new java.sql.Date(System.currentTimeMillis())%>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/async/index.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/index.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28af9ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/index.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@page session="false"%>
+
+<pre>
+Use cases:
+
+1. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does startAsync()
+ - background thread calls ctx.dispatch()
+   <a href="<%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async0")%>"> Async 0 </a>
+
+2. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does startAsync()
+ - background thread calls dispatch(/path/to/jsp)
+   <a href="<%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async1")%>"> Async 1 </a>
+
+3. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does startAsync()
+ - background thread calls writes and calls complete()
+   <a href="<%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async2")%>"> Async 2 </a>
+
+4. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does a startAsync()
+ - servlet calls dispatch(/path/to/jsp)
+ - servlet calls complete()
+   <a href="<%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async3")%>"> Async 3 </a>
+
+3. Timeout s1
+ - servlet does a startAsync()
+ - servlet does a setAsyncTimeout
+ - returns - waits for timeout to happen should return error page
+
+4. Timeout s2
+ - servlet does a startAsync()
+ - servlet does a setAsyncTimeout
+ - servlet does a addAsyncListener
+ - returns - waits for timeout to happen and listener invoked
+
+5. Dispatch to asyncSupported=false servlet
+ - servlet1 does a startAsync()
+ - servlet1 dispatches to dispatch(/servlet2)
+ - the container calls complete() after servlet2 is complete
+ - TODO
+
+6. Chained dispatch
+ - servlet1 does a startAsync
+ - servlet1 does a dispatch to servlet2 (asyncsupported=true)
+ - servlet2 does a dispatch to servlet3 (asyncsupported=true)
+ - servlet3 does a dispatch to servlet4 (asyncsupported=false)
+
+
+7. Stock ticker
+   <a href="<%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/stockticker")%>"> StockTicker </a>
+</pre>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/async/index.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/index.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f124b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/async/index.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@page session="false"%>
+
+&lt;pre>
+Use cases:
+
+1. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does startAsync()
+ - background thread calls ctx.dispatch()
+   &lt;a href="&lt;%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async0")%>"> Async 0 &lt;/a>
+
+2. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does startAsync()
+ - background thread calls dispatch(/path/to/jsp)
+   &lt;a href="&lt;%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async1")%>"> Async 1 &lt;/a>
+
+3. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does startAsync()
+ - background thread calls writes and calls complete()
+   &lt;a href="&lt;%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async2")%>"> Async 2 &lt;/a>
+
+4. Simple dispatch
+ - servlet does a startAsync()
+ - servlet calls dispatch(/path/to/jsp)
+ - servlet calls complete()
+   &lt;a href="&lt;%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/async3")%>"> Async 3 &lt;/a>
+
+3. Timeout s1
+ - servlet does a startAsync()
+ - servlet does a setAsyncTimeout
+ - returns - waits for timeout to happen should return error page
+
+4. Timeout s2
+ - servlet does a startAsync()
+ - servlet does a setAsyncTimeout
+ - servlet does a addAsyncListener
+ - returns - waits for timeout to happen and listener invoked
+
+5. Dispatch to asyncSupported=false servlet
+ - servlet1 does a startAsync()
+ - servlet1 dispatches to dispatch(/servlet2)
+ - the container calls complete() after servlet2 is complete
+ - TODO
+
+6. Chained dispatch
+ - servlet1 does a startAsync
+ - servlet1 does a dispatch to servlet2 (asyncsupported=true)
+ - servlet2 does a dispatch to servlet3 (asyncsupported=true)
+ - servlet3 does a dispatch to servlet4 (asyncsupported=false)
+
+
+7. Stock ticker
+   &lt;a href="&lt;%=response.encodeURL("/examples/async/stockticker")%>"> StockTicker &lt;/a>
+&lt;/pre>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/Entries.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/Entries.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..289363b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/Entries.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package cal;
+
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+public class Entries {
+
+    private Hashtable&lt;String, Entry> entries;
+    private static final String[] time = { "8am", "9am", "10am", "11am",
+            "12pm", "1pm", "2pm", "3pm", "4pm", "5pm", "6pm", "7pm", "8pm" };
+    public static final int rows = 12;
+
+    public Entries() {
+        entries = new Hashtable&lt;String, Entry>(rows);
+        for (int i = 0; i &lt; rows; i++) {
+            entries.put(time[i], new Entry(time[i]));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getRows() {
+        return rows;
+    }
+
+    public Entry getEntry(int index) {
+        return this.entries.get(time[index]);
+    }
+
+    public int getIndex(String tm) {
+        for (int i = 0; i &lt; rows; i++)
+            if (tm.equals(time[i]))
+                return i;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    public void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, String tm) {
+        int index = getIndex(tm);
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            String descr = request.getParameter("description");
+            entries.get(time[index]).setDescription(descr);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/Entry.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/Entry.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e97bc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/Entry.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package cal;
+
+public class Entry {
+
+    String hour;
+    String description;
+
+    public Entry(String hour) {
+        this.hour = hour;
+        this.description = "";
+
+    }
+
+    public String getHour() {
+        return this.hour;
+    }
+
+    public String getColor() {
+        if (description.equals("")) {
+            return "lightblue";
+        }
+        return "red";
+    }
+
+    public String getDescription() {
+        if (description.equals("")) {
+            return "None";
+        }
+        return this.description;
+    }
+
+    public void setDescription(String descr) {
+        description = descr;
+    }
+
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/JspCalendar.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/JspCalendar.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c04fd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/JspCalendar.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package cal;
+
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+public class JspCalendar {
+    Calendar  calendar = null;
+
+    public JspCalendar() {
+        calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+        Date trialTime = new Date();
+        calendar.setTime(trialTime);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public String getMonth() {
+        int m = getMonthInt();
+        String[] months = new String [] { "January", "February", "March",
+                                        "April", "May", "June",
+                                        "July", "August", "September",
+                                        "October", "November", "December" };
+        if (m > 12)
+            return "Unknown to Man";
+
+        return months[m - 1];
+
+    }
+
+    public String getDay() {
+        int x = getDayOfWeek();
+        String[] days = new String[] {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
+                                      "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
+
+        if (x > 7)
+            return "Unknown to Man";
+
+        return days[x - 1];
+
+    }
+
+    public int getMonthInt() {
+        return 1 + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public String getDate() {
+        return getMonthInt() + "/" + getDayOfMonth() + "/" +  getYear();
+    }
+
+    public String getCurrentDate() {
+        Date dt = new Date ();
+        calendar.setTime (dt);
+        return getMonthInt() + "/" + getDayOfMonth() + "/" +  getYear();
+
+    }
+
+    public String getNextDate() {
+        calendar.set (Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, getDayOfMonth() + 1);
+        return getDate ();
+    }
+
+    public String getPrevDate() {
+        calendar.set (Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, getDayOfMonth() - 1);
+        return getDate ();
+    }
+
+    public String getTime() {
+        return getHour() + ":" + getMinute() + ":" + getSecond();
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfMonth() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public int getWeekOfYear() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR);
+    }
+
+    public int getWeekOfMonth() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_MONTH);
+    }
+
+    public int getDayOfWeek() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
+    }
+
+    public int getHour() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
+    }
+
+    public int getMinute() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getSecond() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getEra() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.ERA);
+    }
+
+    public String getUSTimeZone() {
+        String[] zones = new String[] {"Hawaii", "Alaskan", "Pacific",
+                                       "Mountain", "Central", "Eastern"};
+
+        return zones[10 + getZoneOffset()];
+    }
+
+    public int getZoneOffset() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET)/(60*60*1000);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getDSTOffset() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.DST_OFFSET)/(60*60*1000);
+    }
+
+
+    public int getAMPM() {
+        return calendar.get(Calendar.AM_PM);
+    }
+}
+
+
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/TableBean.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/TableBean.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78c0e7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/TableBean.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package cal;
+
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+
+public class TableBean {
+
+    Hashtable&lt;String, Entries> table;
+    JspCalendar JspCal;
+    Entries entries;
+    String date;
+    String name = null;
+    String email = null;
+    boolean processError = false;
+
+    public TableBean() {
+        this.table = new Hashtable&lt;String, Entries>(10);
+        this.JspCal = new JspCalendar();
+        this.date = JspCal.getCurrentDate();
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String nm) {
+        this.name = nm;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return this.name;
+    }
+
+    public void setEmail(String mail) {
+        this.email = mail;
+    }
+
+    public String getEmail() {
+        return this.email;
+    }
+
+    public String getDate() {
+        return this.date;
+    }
+
+    public Entries getEntries() {
+        return this.entries;
+    }
+
+    public void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
+
+        // Get the name and e-mail.
+        this.processError = false;
+        if (name == null || name.equals(""))
+            setName(request.getParameter("name"));
+        if (email == null || email.equals(""))
+            setEmail(request.getParameter("email"));
+        if (name == null || email == null || name.equals("")
+                || email.equals("")) {
+            this.processError = true;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Get the date.
+        String dateR = request.getParameter("date");
+        if (dateR == null)
+            date = JspCal.getCurrentDate();
+        else if (dateR.equalsIgnoreCase("next"))
+            date = JspCal.getNextDate();
+        else if (dateR.equalsIgnoreCase("prev"))
+            date = JspCal.getPrevDate();
+
+        entries = table.get(date);
+        if (entries == null) {
+            entries = new Entries();
+            table.put(date, entries);
+        }
+
+        // If time is provided add the event.
+        String time = request.getParameter("time");
+        if (time != null)
+            entries.processRequest(request, time);
+    }
+
+    public boolean getProcessError() {
+        return this.processError;
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal1.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal1.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db78a03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal1.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<HTML>
+<HEAD><TITLE>
+    Calendar: A JSP APPLICATION
+</TITLE></HEAD>
+
+
+<BODY BGCOLOR="white">
+
+<%@ page language="java" import="cal.*" %>
+<jsp:useBean id="table" scope="session" class="cal.TableBean" />
+
+<%
+    table.processRequest(request);
+    if (table.getProcessError() == false) {
+%>
+
+<!-- html table goes here -->
+<CENTER>
+<TABLE WIDTH=60% BGCOLOR=yellow CELLPADDING=15>
+<TR>
+<TD ALIGN=CENTER> <A HREF=cal1.jsp?date=prev> prev </A>
+<TD ALIGN=CENTER> Calendar:<%= table.getDate() %></TD>
+<TD ALIGN=CENTER> <A HREF=cal1.jsp?date=next> next </A>
+</TR>
+</TABLE>
+
+<!-- the main table -->
+<TABLE WIDTH=60% BGCOLOR=lightblue BORDER=1 CELLPADDING=10>
+<TR>
+<TH> Time </TH>
+<TH> Appointment </TH>
+</TR>
+<FORM METHOD=POST ACTION=cal1.jsp>
+<%
+    for(int i=0; i<table.getEntries().getRows(); i++) {
+       cal.Entry entr = table.getEntries().getEntry(i);
+%>
+    <TR>
+    <TD>
+    <A HREF=cal2.jsp?time=<%= entr.getHour() %>>
+        <%= entr.getHour() %> </A>
+    </TD>
+    <TD BGCOLOR=<%= entr.getColor() %>>
+    <% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(entr.getDescription())); %>
+    </TD>
+    </TR>
+<%
+    }
+%>
+</FORM>
+</TABLE>
+<BR>
+
+<!-- footer -->
+<TABLE WIDTH=60% BGCOLOR=yellow CELLPADDING=15>
+<TR>
+<TD ALIGN=CENTER>  <% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(table.getName())); %> :
+             <% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(table.getEmail())); %> </TD>
+</TR>
+</TABLE>
+</CENTER>
+
+<%
+    } else {
+%>
+<font size=5>
+    You must enter your name and email address correctly.
+</font>
+<%
+    }
+%>
+
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
+
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal1.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal1.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e83627c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal1.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;HTML>
+&lt;HEAD>&lt;TITLE>
+    Calendar: A JSP APPLICATION
+&lt;/TITLE>&lt;/HEAD>
+
+
+&lt;BODY BGCOLOR="white">
+
+&lt;%@ page language="java" import="cal.*" %>
+&lt;jsp:useBean id="table" scope="session" class="cal.TableBean" />
+
+&lt;%
+    table.processRequest(request);
+    if (table.getProcessError() == false) {
+%>
+
+&lt;!-- html table goes here -->
+&lt;CENTER>
+&lt;TABLE WIDTH=60% BGCOLOR=yellow CELLPADDING=15>
+&lt;TR>
+&lt;TD ALIGN=CENTER> &lt;A HREF=cal1.jsp?date=prev> prev &lt;/A>
+&lt;TD ALIGN=CENTER> Calendar:&lt;%= table.getDate() %>&lt;/TD>
+&lt;TD ALIGN=CENTER> &lt;A HREF=cal1.jsp?date=next> next &lt;/A>
+&lt;/TR>
+&lt;/TABLE>
+
+&lt;!-- the main table -->
+&lt;TABLE WIDTH=60% BGCOLOR=lightblue BORDER=1 CELLPADDING=10>
+&lt;TR>
+&lt;TH> Time &lt;/TH>
+&lt;TH> Appointment &lt;/TH>
+&lt;/TR>
+&lt;FORM METHOD=POST ACTION=cal1.jsp>
+&lt;%
+    for(int i=0; i&lt;table.getEntries().getRows(); i++) {
+       cal.Entry entr = table.getEntries().getEntry(i);
+%>
+    &lt;TR>
+    &lt;TD>
+    &lt;A HREF=cal2.jsp?time=&lt;%= entr.getHour() %>>
+        &lt;%= entr.getHour() %> &lt;/A>
+    &lt;/TD>
+    &lt;TD BGCOLOR=&lt;%= entr.getColor() %>>
+    &lt;% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(entr.getDescription())); %>
+    &lt;/TD>
+    &lt;/TR>
+&lt;%
+    }
+%>
+&lt;/FORM>
+&lt;/TABLE>
+&lt;BR>
+
+&lt;!-- footer -->
+&lt;TABLE WIDTH=60% BGCOLOR=yellow CELLPADDING=15>
+&lt;TR>
+&lt;TD ALIGN=CENTER>  &lt;% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(table.getName())); %> :
+             &lt;% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(table.getEmail())); %> &lt;/TD>
+&lt;/TR>
+&lt;/TABLE>
+&lt;/CENTER>
+
+&lt;%
+    } else {
+%>
+&lt;font size=5>
+    You must enter your name and email address correctly.
+&lt;/font>
+&lt;%
+    }
+%>
+
+
+&lt;/BODY>
+&lt;/HTML>
+
+
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal2.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal2.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b508870
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal2.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<HTML>
+<HEAD><TITLE>
+    Calendar: A JSP APPLICATION
+</TITLE></HEAD>
+
+
+<BODY BGCOLOR="white">
+<jsp:useBean id="table" scope="session" class="cal.TableBean" />
+
+<%
+    String time = request.getParameter ("time");
+%>
+
+<FONT SIZE=5> Please add the following event:
+<BR> <h3> Date <%= table.getDate() %>
+<BR> Time <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(time) %> </h3>
+</FONT>
+<FORM METHOD=POST ACTION=cal1.jsp>
+<BR>
+<BR> <INPUT NAME="date" TYPE=HIDDEN VALUE="current">
+<BR> <INPUT NAME="time" TYPE=HIDDEN VALUE="<%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(time) %>">
+<BR> <h2> Description of the event <INPUT NAME="description" TYPE=TEXT SIZE=20> </h2>
+<BR> <INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT VALUE="submit">
+</FORM>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal2.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal2.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..270c8b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/cal2.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;HTML>
+&lt;HEAD>&lt;TITLE>
+    Calendar: A JSP APPLICATION
+&lt;/TITLE>&lt;/HEAD>
+
+
+&lt;BODY BGCOLOR="white">
+&lt;jsp:useBean id="table" scope="session" class="cal.TableBean" />
+
+&lt;%
+    String time = request.getParameter ("time");
+%>
+
+&lt;FONT SIZE=5> Please add the following event:
+&lt;BR> &lt;h3> Date &lt;%= table.getDate() %>
+&lt;BR> Time &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(time) %> &lt;/h3>
+&lt;/FONT>
+&lt;FORM METHOD=POST ACTION=cal1.jsp>
+&lt;BR>
+&lt;BR> &lt;INPUT NAME="date" TYPE=HIDDEN VALUE="current">
+&lt;BR> &lt;INPUT NAME="time" TYPE=HIDDEN VALUE="&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(time) %>">
+&lt;BR> &lt;h2> Description of the event &lt;INPUT NAME="description" TYPE=TEXT SIZE=20> &lt;/h2>
+&lt;BR> &lt;INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT VALUE="submit">
+&lt;/FORM>
+
+&lt;/BODY>
+&lt;/HTML>
+
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/calendar.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/calendar.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d77cea5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/calendar.html
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="login.html"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h2> Source Code for Calendar Example. <br>
+<h3><a href="cal1.jsp.html">cal1.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="cal2.jsp.html">cal2.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<br>
+<h2> Beans.
+<h3><a href="TableBean.java.html">TableBean<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="Entries.java.html">Entries<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="Entry.java.html">Entry<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/login.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/login.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1105d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/login.html
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+    <title> Login page for the calendar. </title>
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<center>
+
+    <font size=7 color="red"> Please Enter the following information: </font>
+
+<br>
+    <form method=GET action=cal1.jsp>
+
+        <font size=5> Name <input type=text name="name" size=20>
+        </font>
+        <br>
+        <font size=5> Email <input type=text name="email" size=20>
+        </font>
+        <br>
+        <input type=submit name=action value="Submit">
+
+    </form>
+<hr>
+<font size=3 color="red"> Note: This application does not implement the complete
+functionality of a typical calendar application. It demonstrates a way JSP can
+be used with html tables and forms.</font>
+
+</center>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/index.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/index.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a33fcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/index.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
+<% if (session.getAttribute("nickname") == null) {
+    response.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
+    return;
+}
+%>
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">
+<html>
+<head>
+   <title>JSP Chat</title>
+</head>
+<frameset rows="1*,4*">
+  <frame name="post" src="post.jsp" scrolling="no" title="Post message">
+  <frame name="chat" src="chat" scrolling="yes" title="Chat">
+</frameset>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/index.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/index.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..250c249
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/index.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
+&lt;% if (session.getAttribute("nickname") == null) {
+    response.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
+    return;
+}
+%>
+&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>
+   &lt;title>JSP Chat&lt;/title>
+&lt;/head>
+&lt;frameset rows="1*,4*">
+  &lt;frame name="post" src="post.jsp" scrolling="no" title="Post message">
+  &lt;frame name="chat" src="chat" scrolling="yes" title="Chat">
+&lt;/frameset>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/login.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/login.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8578ac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/login.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
+<html>
+<head>
+   <title>JSP Chat</title>
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+
+<form method="POST" action='chat' target="_top" name="loginForm">
+<input type="hidden" name="action" value="login">
+Nickname: <input type="text" name="nickname">
+<input type="submit">
+</form>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/login.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/login.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..699a939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/login.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+&lt;%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>
+   &lt;title>JSP Chat&lt;/title>
+&lt;/head>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+
+&lt;form method="POST" action='chat' target="_top" name="loginForm">
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="action" value="login">
+Nickname: &lt;input type="text" name="nickname">
+&lt;input type="submit">
+&lt;/form>
+
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/post.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/post.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91fee7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/post.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
+<html>
+<head>
+   <title>JSP Chat</title>
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+
+<form method="POST" action='chat' name="postForm">
+<input type="hidden" name="action" value="post">
+Message: <input type="text" name="message">
+<input type="submit">
+</form>
+
+<br>
+<%
+  String serverName = request.getServerName();
+  if ("localhost".equals(serverName)) {
+      serverName = "127.0.0.1";
+  } else if ("127.0.0.1".equals(serverName)) {
+      serverName = "localhost";
+  }
+
+  String chatUrl = request.getScheme() + "://" + serverName + ":"
+    + request.getServerPort() + request.getContextPath()
+    + request.getServletPath();
+
+  // strip "post.jsp" from the address
+  chatUrl = chatUrl.substring(0, chatUrl.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
+%>
+<a target="_blank" href="<%=chatUrl %>">Click to open a new chat window</a>
+<em>Note</em>: To avoid hitting the limit on the count of simultaneous
+connections to the same host, imposed by the
+<a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec8.html#sec8.1.4">HTTP specification</a>,
+the second chat window should be opened using a different URL, e.g. with
+an IP address instead of the host name.
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/post.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/post.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ccfcbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/chat/post.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+&lt;%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>
+   &lt;title>JSP Chat&lt;/title>
+&lt;/head>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+
+&lt;form method="POST" action='chat' name="postForm">
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="action" value="post">
+Message: &lt;input type="text" name="message">
+&lt;input type="submit">
+&lt;/form>
+
+&lt;br>
+&lt;%
+  String serverName = request.getServerName();
+  if ("localhost".equals(serverName)) {
+      serverName = "127.0.0.1";
+  } else if ("127.0.0.1".equals(serverName)) {
+      serverName = "localhost";
+  }
+
+  String chatUrl = request.getScheme() + "://" + serverName + ":"
+    + request.getServerPort() + request.getContextPath()
+    + request.getServletPath();
+
+  // strip "post.jsp" from the address
+  chatUrl = chatUrl.substring(0, chatUrl.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
+%>
+&lt;a target="_blank" href="&lt;%=chatUrl %>">Click to open a new chat window&lt;/a>
+&lt;em>Note&lt;/em>: To avoid hitting the limit on the count of simultaneous
+connections to the same host, imposed by the
+&lt;a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec8.html#sec8.1.4">HTTP specification&lt;/a>,
+the second chat window should be opened using a different URL, e.g. with
+an IP address instead of the host name.
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/CheckTest.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/CheckTest.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e950ff4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/CheckTest.html
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<HTML>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<HEAD>
+<title>
+checkbox.CheckTest Bean Properties
+</title>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="white">
+<H2>
+checkbox.CheckTest Bean Properties
+</H2>
+<HR>
+<DL>
+<DT>public class <B>CheckTest</B><DT>extends Object</DL>
+
+<P>
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+
+<TABLE BORDER="1" WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING="3" CELLSPACING="0">
+<TR BGCOLOR="#EEEEFF">
+<TD COLSPAN=3><FONT SIZE="+2">
+<B>Properties Summary</B></FONT></TD>
+</TR>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+String
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>CheckTest:fruit</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Multi
+</FONT></TD>
+</TABLE>
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/check.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/check.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..148fe40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/check.html
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<HTML>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<BODY bgcolor="white">
+
+
+<FORM TYPE=POST ACTION=checkresult.jsp>
+<BR>
+<font size=5 color="red">
+Check all Favorite fruits: <br>
+
+<input TYPE=checkbox name=fruit VALUE=apples> Apples <BR>
+<input TYPE=checkbox name=fruit VALUE=grapes> Grapes <BR>
+<input TYPE=checkbox name=fruit VALUE=oranges> Oranges <BR>
+<input TYPE=checkbox name=fruit VALUE=melons> Melons <BR>
+
+
+<br> <INPUT TYPE=submit name=submit Value="Submit">
+
+</font>
+</FORM>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/checkresult.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/checkresult.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5df7b66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/checkresult.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<font size=5 color="red">
+<%! String[] fruits; %>
+<jsp:useBean id="foo" scope="page" class="checkbox.CheckTest" />
+
+<jsp:setProperty name="foo" property="fruit" param="fruit" />
+<hr>
+The checked fruits (got using request) are: <br>
+<%
+    fruits = request.getParameterValues("fruit");
+%>
+<ul>
+<%
+    if (fruits != null) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < fruits.length; i++) {
+%>
+<li>
+<%
+          out.println (util.HTMLFilter.filter(fruits[i]));
+      }
+    } else out.println ("none selected");
+%>
+</ul>
+<br>
+<hr>
+
+The checked fruits (got using beans) are <br>
+
+<%
+        fruits = foo.getFruit();
+%>
+<ul>
+<%
+    if (!fruits[0].equals("1")) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < fruits.length; i++) {
+%>
+<li>
+<%
+          out.println (util.HTMLFilter.filter(fruits[i]));
+      }
+    } else out.println ("none selected");
+%>
+</ul>
+</font>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/checkresult.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/checkresult.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5daab63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/checkresult.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;font size=5 color="red">
+&lt;%! String[] fruits; %>
+&lt;jsp:useBean id="foo" scope="page" class="checkbox.CheckTest" />
+
+&lt;jsp:setProperty name="foo" property="fruit" param="fruit" />
+&lt;hr>
+The checked fruits (got using request) are: &lt;br>
+&lt;%
+    fruits = request.getParameterValues("fruit");
+%>
+&lt;ul>
+&lt;%
+    if (fruits != null) {
+      for (int i = 0; i &lt; fruits.length; i++) {
+%>
+&lt;li>
+&lt;%
+          out.println (util.HTMLFilter.filter(fruits[i]));
+      }
+    } else out.println ("none selected");
+%>
+&lt;/ul>
+&lt;br>
+&lt;hr>
+
+The checked fruits (got using beans) are &lt;br>
+
+&lt;%
+        fruits = foo.getFruit();
+%>
+&lt;ul>
+&lt;%
+    if (!fruits[0].equals("1")) {
+      for (int i = 0; i &lt; fruits.length; i++) {
+%>
+&lt;li>
+&lt;%
+          out.println (util.HTMLFilter.filter(fruits[i]));
+      }
+    } else out.println ("none selected");
+%>
+&lt;/ul>
+&lt;/font>
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/cresult.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/cresult.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7eabce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/cresult.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="check.html"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="checkresult.jsp.html">Source Code for Checkbox Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="CheckTest.html">Property Sheet for CheckTest
+<font color="#0000FF"></a> </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/ColorGameBean.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/ColorGameBean.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcfc5c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/ColorGameBean.html
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+<HTML>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<HEAD>
+<title>
+colors.ColorGameBean Bean Properties
+</title>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="white">
+<H2>
+colors.ColorGameBean Bean Properties
+</H2>
+<HR>
+<DL>
+<DT>public class <B>ColorGameBean</B><DT>extends Object</DL>
+
+<P>
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+
+<TABLE BORDER="1" WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING="3" CELLSPACING="0">
+<TR BGCOLOR="#EEEEFF">
+<TD COLSPAN=3><FONT SIZE="+2">
+<B>Properties Summary</B></FONT></TD>
+</TR>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+String
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>ColorGameBean:color2</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Single
+</FONT></TD>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+String
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>ColorGameBean:color1</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Single
+</FONT></TD>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+int
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>ColorGameBean:attempts</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Single
+</FONT></TD>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+boolean
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>ColorGameBean:hint</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Single
+</FONT></TD>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+boolean
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>ColorGameBean:success</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Single
+</FONT></TD>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+boolean
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>ColorGameBean:hintTaken</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Single
+</FONT></TD>
+</TABLE>
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/clr.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/clr.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58107bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/clr.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="colors.html"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="colrs.jsp.html">Source Code for Color Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="ColorGameBean.html">Property Sheet for ColorGameBean
+<font color="#0000FF"></a> </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colors.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colors.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..76ec2b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colors.html
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<body bgcolor= white>
+<font size=6 color=red>
+
+<hr>
+This web page is an example using JSP and BEANs.
+<p>
+Guess my favorite two colors
+
+<p> If you fail to guess both of them - you get yellow on red.
+
+<p> If you guess one of them right, either your foreground or
+    your background will change to the color that was guessed right.
+
+<p> Guess them both right and your browser foreground/background
+    will change to my two favorite colors to display this page.
+
+<hr>
+<form method=GET action=colrs.jsp>
+Color #1: <input type=text name= color1 size=16>
+<br>
+Color #2: <input type=text name= color2 size=16>
+<p>
+<input type=submit name=action value="Submit">
+<input type=submit name=action value="Hint">
+</form>
+
+</font>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colrs.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colrs.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90e1afe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colrs.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+
+<jsp:useBean id="cb" scope="session" class="colors.ColorGameBean" />
+<jsp:setProperty name="cb" property="*" />
+
+<%
+    cb.processRequest();
+%>
+
+<body bgcolor=<%= cb.getColor1() %>>
+<font size=6 color=<%= cb.getColor2() %>>
+<p>
+
+<% if (cb.getHint()==true) { %>
+
+    <p> Hint #1: Vampires prey at night!
+    <p>  <p> Hint #2: Nancy without the n.
+
+<% } %>
+
+<% if  (cb.getSuccess()==true) { %>
+
+    <p> CONGRATULATIONS!!
+    <% if  (cb.getHintTaken()==true) { %>
+
+        <p> ( although I know you cheated and peeked into the hints)
+
+    <% } %>
+
+<% } %>
+
+<p> Total attempts so far: <%= cb.getAttempts() %>
+<p>
+
+<p>
+
+<form method=POST action=colrs.jsp>
+
+Color #1: <input type=text name= color1 size=16>
+
+<br>
+
+Color #2: <input type=text name= color2 size=16>
+
+<p>
+
+<input type=submit name=action value="Submit">
+<input type=submit name=action value="Hint">
+
+</form>
+
+</font>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colrs.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colrs.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fda1bd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/colrs.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+
+&lt;jsp:useBean id="cb" scope="session" class="colors.ColorGameBean" />
+&lt;jsp:setProperty name="cb" property="*" />
+
+&lt;%
+    cb.processRequest();
+%>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor=&lt;%= cb.getColor1() %>>
+&lt;font size=6 color=&lt;%= cb.getColor2() %>>
+&lt;p>
+
+&lt;% if (cb.getHint()==true) { %>
+
+    &lt;p> Hint #1: Vampires prey at night!
+    &lt;p>  &lt;p> Hint #2: Nancy without the n.
+
+&lt;% } %>
+
+&lt;% if  (cb.getSuccess()==true) { %>
+
+    &lt;p> CONGRATULATIONS!!
+    &lt;% if  (cb.getHintTaken()==true) { %>
+
+        &lt;p> ( although I know you cheated and peeked into the hints)
+
+    &lt;% } %>
+
+&lt;% } %>
+
+&lt;p> Total attempts so far: &lt;%= cb.getAttempts() %>
+&lt;p>
+
+&lt;p>
+
+&lt;form method=POST action=colrs.jsp>
+
+Color #1: &lt;input type=text name= color1 size=16>
+
+&lt;br>
+
+Color #2: &lt;input type=text name= color2 size=16>
+
+&lt;p>
+
+&lt;input type=submit name=action value="Submit">
+&lt;input type=submit name=action value="Hint">
+
+&lt;/form>
+
+&lt;/font>
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b779181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="date.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="date.jsp.html">Source Code for Date Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f47dc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+
+<%@ page session="false"%>
+
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<jsp:useBean id='clock' scope='page' class='dates.JspCalendar' type="dates.JspCalendar" />
+
+<font size=4>
+<ul>
+<li>    Day of month: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="dayOfMonth"/>
+<li>    Year: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="year"/>
+<li>    Month: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="month"/>
+<li>    Time: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="time"/>
+<li>    Date: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="date"/>
+<li>    Day: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="day"/>
+<li>    Day Of Year: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="dayOfYear"/>
+<li>    Week Of Year: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="weekOfYear"/>
+<li>    era: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="era"/>
+<li>    DST Offset: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="DSTOffset"/>
+<li>    Zone Offset: is  <jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="zoneOffset"/>
+</ul>
+</font>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7eb8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/date.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+
+&lt;%@ page session="false"%>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;jsp:useBean id='clock' scope='page' class='dates.JspCalendar' type="dates.JspCalendar" />
+
+&lt;font size=4>
+&lt;ul>
+&lt;li>    Day of month: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="dayOfMonth"/>
+&lt;li>    Year: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="year"/>
+&lt;li>    Month: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="month"/>
+&lt;li>    Time: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="time"/>
+&lt;li>    Date: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="date"/>
+&lt;li>    Day: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="day"/>
+&lt;li>    Day Of Year: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="dayOfYear"/>
+&lt;li>    Week Of Year: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="weekOfYear"/>
+&lt;li>    era: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="era"/>
+&lt;li>    DST Offset: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="DSTOffset"/>
+&lt;li>    Zone Offset: is  &lt;jsp:getProperty name="clock" property="zoneOffset"/>
+&lt;/ul>
+&lt;/font>
+
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/error/er.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/er.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..523f7e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/er.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="error.html"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="err.jsp.html">Source Code for Error Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/error/err.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/err.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..956da8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/err.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<body bgcolor="lightblue">
+
+    <%@ page errorPage="errorpge.jsp" %>
+    <jsp:useBean id="foo" scope="request" class="error.Smart" />
+    <%
+        String name = null;
+
+        if (request.getParameter("name") == null) {
+    %>
+    <%@ include file="error.html" %>
+    <%
+        } else {
+          foo.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
+          if (foo.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("integra"))
+              name = "acura";
+          if (name.equalsIgnoreCase("acura")) {
+    %>
+
+    <H1> Yes!!! <a href="http://www.acura.com">Acura</a> is my favorite car.
+
+    <%
+          }
+        }
+    %>
+</body>
+</html>
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/error/err.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/err.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f0727d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/err.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;body bgcolor="lightblue">
+
+    &lt;%@ page errorPage="errorpge.jsp" %>
+    &lt;jsp:useBean id="foo" scope="request" class="error.Smart" />
+    &lt;%
+        String name = null;
+
+        if (request.getParameter("name") == null) {
+    %>
+    &lt;%@ include file="error.html" %>
+    &lt;%
+        } else {
+          foo.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
+          if (foo.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("integra"))
+              name = "acura";
+          if (name.equalsIgnoreCase("acura")) {
+    %>
+
+    &lt;H1> Yes!!! &lt;a href="http://www.acura.com">Acura&lt;/a> is my favorite car.
+
+    &lt;%
+          }
+        }
+    %>
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/error/error.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/error.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..635346f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/error.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<body bgcolor="white">
+
+<h1> This example uses <b>errorpage</b> directive </h1>
+<br>
+<h3> Select my favourite car.</h3>
+<form method=get action=err.jsp>
+<!-- <br> Make a guess: -->
+<SELECT NAME="name" SIZE=5>
+<OPTION VALUE="integra"> Acura Integra <BR>
+<OPTION VALUE="bmw328i"> BMW 328I <BR>
+<OPTION VALUE="z3"> BMW Z3 <BR>
+<OPTION VALUE="infiniti"> InfinitiQ3 <BR>
+<OPTION VALUE="audi"> Audi A8 <BR>
+</SELECT>
+<br> <INPUT TYPE=submit name=submit Value="Submit">
+</form>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/error/errorpge.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/errorpge.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dda6fbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/errorpge.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+
+<body bgcolor="red">
+
+    <%@ page isErrorPage="true" %>
+    <h1> The exception <%= exception.getMessage() %> tells me you
+         made a wrong choice.
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/error/errorpge.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/errorpge.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfb6fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/error/errorpge.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor="red">
+
+    &lt;%@ page isErrorPage="true" %>
+    &lt;h1> The exception &lt;%= exception.getMessage() %> tells me you
+         made a wrong choice.
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/forward.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/forward.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ee56a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/forward.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<%
+   double freeMem = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
+   double totlMem = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory();
+   double percent = freeMem/totlMem;
+   if (percent < 0.5) {
+%>
+
+<jsp:forward page="one.jsp"/>
+
+<% } else { %>
+
+<jsp:forward page="two.html"/>
+
+<% } %>
+
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/forward.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/forward.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..904ea8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/forward.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;%
+   double freeMem = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
+   double totlMem = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory();
+   double percent = freeMem/totlMem;
+   if (percent &lt; 0.5) {
+%>
+
+&lt;jsp:forward page="one.jsp"/>
+
+&lt;% } else { %>
+
+&lt;jsp:forward page="two.html"/>
+
+&lt;% } %>
+
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/fwd.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/fwd.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4a701e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/fwd.html
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="forward.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="forward.jsp.html">Source Code for Forward Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/one.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/one.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dff42cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/one.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<font color="red">
+
+VM Memory usage < 50%.
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/one.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/one.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac9b6f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/one.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;font color="red">
+
+VM Memory usage &lt; 50%.
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/two.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/two.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bc9402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/two.html
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<font color="red">
+
+VM Memory usage > 50%.
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/images/code.gif b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/code.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93af2cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/code.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/images/execute.gif b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/execute.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f64d70f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/execute.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/images/read.gif b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/read.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66cb4e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/read.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/images/return.gif b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/return.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af4f68f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/images/return.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11acc0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.html
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+To get the current time in ms
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d3565e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<font color="red">
+
+<%= System.currentTimeMillis() %>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e562a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/foo.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;font color="red">
+
+&lt;%= System.currentTimeMillis() %>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/include/inc.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/inc.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2971bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/inc.html
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="include.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="include.jsp.html">Source Code for Include Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/include/include.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/include.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1d83e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/include.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+
+<body bgcolor="white">
+
+<font color="red">
+
+<%@ page buffer="5kb" autoFlush="false" %>
+
+<p>In place evaluation of another JSP which gives you the current time:
+
+<%@ include file="foo.jsp" %>
+
+<p> <jsp:include page="foo.html" flush="true"/> by including the output of another JSP:
+
+<jsp:include page="foo.jsp" flush="true"/>
+
+:-)
+
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/include/include.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/include.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ae4129
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/include/include.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+
+&lt;font color="red">
+
+&lt;%@ page buffer="5kb" autoFlush="false" %>
+
+&lt;p>In place evaluation of another JSP which gives you the current time:
+
+&lt;%@ include file="foo.jsp" %>
+
+&lt;p> &lt;jsp:include page="foo.html" flush="true"/> by including the output of another JSP:
+
+&lt;jsp:include page="foo.jsp" flush="true"/>
+
+:-)
+
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/index.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..712d54a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+   <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.61 [en] (WinNT; I) [Netscape]">
+   <meta name="Author" content="Anil K. Vijendran">
+   <title>JSP Examples</title>
+</head>
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<b><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size=+2>JSP
+Samples</font></font></b>
+<p>This is a collection of samples demonstrating the usage of different
+parts of the Java Server Pages (JSP) specification.  Both JSP 2.0 and
+JSP 1.2 examples are presented below.
+<p>These examples will only work when these pages are being served by a
+servlet engine; of course, we recommend
+<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/">Tomcat</a>.
+They will not work if you are viewing these pages via a
+"file://..." URL.
+<p>To navigate your way through the examples, the following icons will
+help:
+<br>&nbsp;
+<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=5 WIDTH="85%" >
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td WIDTH="30"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" ></td>
+
+<td>Execute the example</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td WIDTH="30"><img SRC="images/code.gif" height=24 width=24></td>
+
+<td>Look at the source code for the example</td>
+</tr>
+
+<!--<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td WIDTH="30"><img SRC="images/read.gif" height=24 width=24></td>
+
+<td>Read more about this feature</td>
+-->
+
+</tr>
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td WIDTH="30"><img SRC="images/return.gif" height=24 width=24></td>
+
+<td>Return to this screen</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Tip: For session scoped beans to work, the cookies must be enabled.
+This can be done using browser options.
+<br>&nbsp;
+<br>
+<b><u><font size="+1">JSP 2.0 Examples</font></u></b><br>
+
+<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=5 WIDTH="85%" >
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td><b>Expression Language</b></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Basic Arithmetic</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Basic Comparisons</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Implicit Objects</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp?foo=bar"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp?foo=bar">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/implicit-objects.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/el/implicit-objects.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr valign=TOP>
+
+<td>Functions</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/functions.jsp?foo=JSP+2.0"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/el/functions.jsp?foo=JSP+2.0">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/functions.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/el/functions.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Composite Expressions</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/composite.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/el/composite.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/el/composite.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/el/composite.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td><br><b>SimpleTag Handlers and JSP Fragments</b></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Hello World Tag</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/simpletag/hello.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/simpletag/hello.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Repeat Tag</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/simpletag/repeat.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/simpletag/repeat.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Book Example</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/simpletag/book.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/simpletag/book.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td><br><b>Tag Files</b></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Hello World Tag File</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/hello.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/hello.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Panel Tag File</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/panel.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/panel.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Display Products Example</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/products.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/tagfiles/products.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td><br><b>New JSP XML Syntax (.jspx)</b></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>XHTML Basic Example</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspx/basic.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/jspx/basic.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspx/svgexample.html"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/jspx/svgexample.html">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspx/textRotate.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/jspx/textRotate.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td><br><b>Other JSP 2.0 Features</b></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>&lt;jsp:attribute&gt; and &lt;jsp:body&gt;</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Shuffle Example</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>Attributes With Dynamic Names</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>JSP Configuration</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="jsp2/misc/config.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="jsp2/misc/config.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="jsp2/misc/config.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsp2/misc/config.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+</table>
+
+<br>
+<b><u><font size="+1">JSP 1.2 Examples</font></u></b><br>
+<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=5 WIDTH="85%" >
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Numberguess&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="num/numguess.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="num/numguess.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="num/numguess.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="num/numguess.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Date&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="dates/date.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="dates/date.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="dates/date.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="dates/date.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Snoop</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="snp/snoop.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="snp/snoop.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="snp/snoop.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="snp/snoop.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>ErrorPage&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="error/error.html"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="error/error.html">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="error/er.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="error/er.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Carts&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="sessions/carts.html"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="sessions/carts.html">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="sessions/crt.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="sessions/crt.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Checkbox&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="checkbox/check.html"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="checkbox/check.html">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="checkbox/cresult.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="checkbox/cresult.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Color&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="colors/colors.html"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="colors/colors.html">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="colors/clr.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="colors/clr.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Calendar&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="cal/login.html"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="cal/login.html">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="cal/calendar.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="cal/calendar.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Include&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="include/include.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="include/include.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="include/inc.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="include/inc.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Forward&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="forward/forward.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="forward/forward.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="forward/fwd.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="forward/fwd.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Plugin&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="plugin/plugin.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="plugin/plugin.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="plugin/plugin.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="plugin/plugin.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>JSP-Servlet-JSP&nbsp;</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="jsptoserv/jts.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="jsptoserv/jts.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Custom tag example</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="simpletag/foo.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="simpletag/foo.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="simpletag/foo.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="simpletag/foo.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr valign=TOP>
+<td>XML syntax example</td>
+<td valign=TOP width="30%"><a href="xml/xml.jsp"><img src="images/execute.gif" hspace=4 border=0  align=top></a><a href="xml/xml.jsp">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td width="30%"><a href="xml/xml.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="xml/xml.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+</table>
+
+<br/>
+<b><u><font size="+1">Tag Plugins</font></u></b><br>
+<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=5 WIDTH="85%" >
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>If&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="tagplugin/if.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0
+align=TOP></a>
+    <a href="tagplugin/if.jsp">Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="tagplugin/if.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 hei
+ght=24 width=24 align=TOP></a>
+    <a href="tagplugin/if.html">Source</a>
+  </td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>ForEach&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="tagplugin/foreach.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0
+align=TOP></a>
+    <a href="tagplugin/foreach.jsp">Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="tagplugin/foreach.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 hei
+ght=24 width=24 align=TOP></a>
+    <a href="tagplugin/foreach.html">Source</a>
+  </td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>Choose&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="tagplugin/choose.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a>
+    <a href="tagplugin/choose.jsp">Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="tagplugin/choose.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a>
+    <a href="tagplugin/choose.html">Source</a>
+  </td>
+</tr>
+
+</table>
+
+<br/>
+<b><u><font size="+1">Other Examples</font></u></b><br>
+<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=5 WIDTH="85%" >
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>FORM Authentication&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="security/protected/index.jsp"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 align=TOP> Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+  <td colspan="3">Example that demonstrates protecting a resource and
+    using Form-Based authentication. To access the page the user must
+    have role of either "tomcat" or "role1". By default no user
+    is configured to have these roles.</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td colspan="3">Servlet 3.0 Asynchronous processing examples&nbsp;<br />
+    Examples that demonstrate using Servlet 3.0 asynchronous
+    request processing API.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>async0&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="../async/async0"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 align=TOP> Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>async1&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="../async/async1"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 align=TOP> Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>async2&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="../async/async2"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 align=TOP> Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>async3&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="../async/async3"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 align=TOP> Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>stockticker&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="../async/stockticker"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 align=TOP> Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%"></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td colspan="3">Comet processing example&nbsp;<br />
+    Example that demonstrates asynchronous request processing
+    using Comet API. See <strong>"Advanced IO"</strong> chapter in the
+    User Guide for details. It works only with connectors that support
+    Comet processing (<strong>APR</strong> or <strong>NIO</strong>
+    <strong>HTTP</strong> connectors).</td>
+</tr>
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+  <td>Comet Chat&nbsp;</td>
+  <td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%">
+    <a href="chat/"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 align=TOP> Execute</a>
+  </td>
+  <td WIDTH="30%"></td>
+</tr>
+
+</table>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/Functions.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/Functions.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91abc75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/Functions.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package jsp2.examples.el;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Defines the functions for the jsp2 example tag library.
+ *
+ * &lt;p>Each function is defined as a static method.&lt;/p>
+ */
+public class Functions {
+    public static String reverse( String text ) {
+        return new StringBuilder( text ).reverse().toString();
+    }
+
+    public static int numVowels( String text ) {
+        String vowels = "aeiouAEIOU";
+        int result = 0;
+        for( int i = 0; i &lt; text.length(); i++ ) {
+            if( vowels.indexOf( text.charAt( i ) ) != -1 ) {
+                result++;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static String caps( String text ) {
+        return text.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesBean.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesBean.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..beadf72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesBean.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples;
+
+/**
+ * Accept and display a value.
+ */
+public class ValuesBean {
+    private String string;
+    private double doubleValue;
+    private long longValue;
+
+    public String getStringValue() {
+        return this.string;
+    }
+
+    public void setStringValue(String string) {
+        this.string = string;
+    }
+
+    public double getDoubleValue() {
+        return doubleValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setDoubleValue(double doubleValue) {
+        this.doubleValue = doubleValue;
+    }
+
+    public long getLongValue() {
+        return longValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setLongValue(long longValue) {
+        this.longValue = longValue;
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16f62ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/ValuesTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspTagException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * Accept and display a value.
+ */
+public class ValuesTag extends TagSupport {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    // Using "-1" as the default value,
+    // in the assumption that it won't be used as the value.
+    // Cannot use null here, because null is an important case
+    // that should be present in the tests.
+    private Object objectValue = "-1";
+    private String stringValue = "-1";
+    private long longValue = -1;
+    private double doubleValue = -1;
+
+    public void setObject(Object objectValue) {
+        this.objectValue = objectValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setString(String stringValue) {
+        this.stringValue = stringValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setLong(long longValue) {
+        this.longValue = longValue;
+    }
+
+    public void setDouble(double doubleValue) {
+        this.doubleValue = doubleValue;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
+        JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
+
+        try {
+            if (!"-1".equals(objectValue)) {
+                out.print(objectValue);
+            } else if (!"-1".equals(stringValue)) {
+                out.print(stringValue);
+            } else if (longValue != -1) {
+                out.print(longValue);
+            } else if (doubleValue != -1) {
+                out.print(doubleValue);
+            } else {
+                out.print("-1");
+            }
+        } catch (IOException ex) {
+            throw new JspTagException("IOException: " + ex.toString(), ex);
+        }
+        return super.doEndTag();
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca88b7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.html
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="basic-arithmetic.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="basic-arithmetic.jsp.html">Source Code for Basic Arithmetic Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3b3e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Arithmetic</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Arithmetic</h1>
+    <hr>
+    This example illustrates basic Expression Language arithmetic.
+    Addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/ or div),
+    and modulus (% or mod) are all supported.  Error conditions, like
+    division by zero, are handled gracefully.
+    <br>
+    <blockquote>
+      <code>
+        <table border="1">
+          <thead>
+        <td><b>EL Expression</b></td>
+        <td><b>Result</b></td>
+      </thead>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1}</td>
+        <td>${1}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1 + 2}</td>
+        <td>${1 + 2}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1.2 + 2.3}</td>
+        <td>${1.2 + 2.3}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1.2E4 + 1.4}</td>
+        <td>${1.2E4 + 1.4}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${-4 - 2}</td>
+        <td>${-4 - 2}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${21 * 2}</td>
+        <td>${21 * 2}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${3/4}</td>
+        <td>${3/4}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${3 div 4}</td>
+        <td>${3 div 4}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${3/0}</td>
+        <td>${3/0}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${10%4}</td>
+        <td>${10%4}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${10 mod 4}</td>
+        <td>${10 mod 4}</td>
+      </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td>\${(1==2) ? 3 : 4}</td>
+      <td>${(1==2) ? 3 : 4}</td>
+    </tr>
+    </table>
+      </code>
+    </blockquote>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e703cde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-arithmetic.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Arithmetic&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Arithmetic&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    This example illustrates basic Expression Language arithmetic.
+    Addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/ or div),
+    and modulus (% or mod) are all supported.  Error conditions, like
+    division by zero, are handled gracefully.
+    &lt;br>
+    &lt;blockquote>
+      &lt;code>
+        &lt;table border="1">
+          &lt;thead>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>EL Expression&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>Result&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/thead>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1 + 2}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1 + 2}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1.2 + 2.3}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1.2 + 2.3}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1.2E4 + 1.4}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1.2E4 + 1.4}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${-4 - 2}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${-4 - 2}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${21 * 2}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${21 * 2}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${3/4}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${3/4}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${3 div 4}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${3 div 4}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${3/0}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${3/0}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${10%4}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${10%4}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${10 mod 4}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${10 mod 4}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;tr>
+      &lt;td>\${(1==2) ? 3 : 4}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;td>${(1==2) ? 3 : 4}&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;/table>
+      &lt;/code>
+    &lt;/blockquote>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0102232
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.html
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="basic-comparisons.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="basic-comparisons.jsp.html">Source Code for Basic Comparisons Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce63d5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Comparisons</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Comparisons</h1>
+    <hr>
+    This example illustrates basic Expression Language comparisons.
+    The following comparison operators are supported:
+    <ul>
+      <li>Less-than (&lt; or lt)</li>
+      <li>Greater-than (&gt; or gt)</li>
+      <li>Less-than-or-equal (&lt;= or le)</li>
+      <li>Greater-than-or-equal (&gt;= or ge)</li>
+      <li>Equal (== or eq)</li>
+      <li>Not Equal (!= or ne)</li>
+    </ul>
+    <blockquote>
+      <u><b>Numeric</b></u>
+      <code>
+        <table border="1">
+          <thead>
+        <td><b>EL Expression</b></td>
+        <td><b>Result</b></td>
+      </thead>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1 &lt; 2}</td>
+        <td>${1 < 2}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1 lt 2}</td>
+        <td>${1 lt 2}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1 &gt; (4/2)}</td>
+        <td>${1 > (4/2)}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1 gt (4/2)}</td>
+        <td>${1 gt (4/2)}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${4.0 &gt;= 3}</td>
+        <td>${4.0 >= 3}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${4.0 ge 3}</td>
+        <td>${4.0 ge 3}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${4 &lt;= 3}</td>
+        <td>${4 <= 3}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${4 le 3}</td>
+        <td>${4 le 3}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${100.0 == 100}</td>
+        <td>${100.0 == 100}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${100.0 eq 100}</td>
+        <td>${100.0 eq 100}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${(10*10) != 100}</td>
+        <td>${(10*10) != 100}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${(10*10) ne 100}</td>
+        <td>${(10*10) ne 100}</td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+      </code>
+      <br>
+      <u><b>Alphabetic</b></u>
+      <code>
+        <table border="1">
+          <thead>
+            <td><b>EL Expression</b></td>
+            <td><b>Result</b></td>
+          </thead>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${'a' &lt; 'b'}</td>
+            <td>${'a' < 'b'}</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${'hip' &gt; 'hit'}</td>
+            <td>${'hip' > 'hit'}</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${'4' &gt; 3}</td>
+            <td>${'4' > 3}</td>
+          </tr>
+        </table>
+      </code>
+    </blockquote>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5db858
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/basic-comparisons.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Comparisons&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Basic Comparisons&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    This example illustrates basic Expression Language comparisons.
+    The following comparison operators are supported:
+    &lt;ul>
+      &lt;li>Less-than (&amp;lt; or lt)&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Greater-than (&amp;gt; or gt)&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Less-than-or-equal (&amp;lt;= or le)&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Greater-than-or-equal (&amp;gt;= or ge)&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Equal (== or eq)&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Not Equal (!= or ne)&lt;/li>
+    &lt;/ul>
+    &lt;blockquote>
+      &lt;u>&lt;b>Numeric&lt;/b>&lt;/u>
+      &lt;code>
+        &lt;table border="1">
+          &lt;thead>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>EL Expression&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>Result&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/thead>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1 &amp;lt; 2}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1 &lt; 2}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1 lt 2}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1 lt 2}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1 &amp;gt; (4/2)}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1 > (4/2)}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1 gt (4/2)}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${1 gt (4/2)}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${4.0 &amp;gt;= 3}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${4.0 >= 3}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${4.0 ge 3}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${4.0 ge 3}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${4 &amp;lt;= 3}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${4 &lt;= 3}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${4 le 3}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${4 le 3}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${100.0 == 100}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${100.0 == 100}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${100.0 eq 100}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${100.0 eq 100}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${(10*10) != 100}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${(10*10) != 100}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${(10*10) ne 100}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${(10*10) ne 100}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;/table>
+      &lt;/code>
+      &lt;br>
+      &lt;u>&lt;b>Alphabetic&lt;/b>&lt;/u>
+      &lt;code>
+        &lt;table border="1">
+          &lt;thead>
+            &lt;td>&lt;b>EL Expression&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>&lt;b>Result&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/thead>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${'a' &amp;lt; 'b'}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${'a' &lt; 'b'}&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${'hip' &amp;gt; 'hit'}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${'hip' > 'hit'}&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${'4' &amp;gt; 3}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${'4' > 3}&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+        &lt;/table>
+      &lt;/code>
+    &lt;/blockquote>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8bfa0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="composite.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="composite.jsp.html">Source Code for composite.jsp</a></h3>
+<h3><a href="ValuesTag.java.html">Source Code for ValuesTag.java</a></h3>
+<h3><a href="ValuesBean.java.html">Source Code for ValuesBean.java</a></h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a882495
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib" %>
+
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Composite Expressions</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Composite Expressions</h1>
+    <hr>
+    This example illustrates EL composite expressions. Composite expressions
+    are formed by grouping together multiple EL expressions. Each of them is
+    evaluated from left to right, coerced to String, all those strings are
+    concatenated, and the result is coerced to the expected type.
+
+    <jsp:useBean id="values" class="jsp2.examples.ValuesBean" />
+
+    <blockquote>
+      <code>
+        <table border="1">
+          <thead>
+        <td><b>EL Expression</b></td>
+        <td><b>Type</b></td>
+        <td><b>Result</b></td>
+      </thead>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${'hello'} wo\${'rld'}</td>
+        <td>String</td>
+        <td><jsp:setProperty name="values" property="stringValue" value="${'hello'} wo${'rld'}"/>${values.stringValue}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${'hello'} wo\${'rld'}</td>
+        <td>String</td>
+        <td><my:values string="${'hello'} wo${'rld'}"/></td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1+2}.\${220}</td>
+        <td>Double</td>
+        <td><jsp:setProperty name="values" property="doubleValue" value="${1+2}.${220}"/>${values.doubleValue}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${1+2}.\${220}</td>
+        <td>Double</td>
+        <td><my:values double="${1+2}.${220}"/></td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>000\${1}\${7}</td>
+        <td>Long</td>
+        <td><jsp:setProperty name="values" property="longValue" value="000${1}${7}"/>${values.longValue}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>000\${1}\${7}</td>
+        <td>Long</td>
+        <td><my:values long="000${1}${7}"/></td>
+      </tr>
+      <!--
+         Undefined values are to be coerced to String, to be "",
+         https://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47413
+       -->
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${undefinedFoo}hello world\${undefinedBar}</td>
+        <td>String</td>
+        <td><jsp:setProperty name="values" property="stringValue" value="${undefinedFoo}hello world${undefinedBar}"/>${values.stringValue}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${undefinedFoo}hello world\${undefinedBar}</td>
+        <td>String</td>
+        <td><my:values string="${undefinedFoo}hello world${undefinedBar}"/></td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}</td>
+        <td>Double</td>
+        <td><jsp:setProperty name="values" property="doubleValue" value="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/>${values.doubleValue}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}</td>
+        <td>Double</td>
+        <td><my:values double="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/></td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}</td>
+        <td>Long</td>
+        <td><jsp:setProperty name="values" property="longValue" value="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/>${values.longValue}</td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}</td>
+        <td>Long</td>
+        <td><my:values long="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/></td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+      </code>
+    </blockquote>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46cae1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/composite.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib" %>
+
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Composite Expressions&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Composite Expressions&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    This example illustrates EL composite expressions. Composite expressions
+    are formed by grouping together multiple EL expressions. Each of them is
+    evaluated from left to right, coerced to String, all those strings are
+    concatenated, and the result is coerced to the expected type.
+
+    &lt;jsp:useBean id="values" class="jsp2.examples.ValuesBean" />
+
+    &lt;blockquote>
+      &lt;code>
+        &lt;table border="1">
+          &lt;thead>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>EL Expression&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>Type&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>Result&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/thead>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${'hello'} wo\${'rld'}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>String&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;jsp:setProperty name="values" property="stringValue" value="${'hello'} wo${'rld'}"/>${values.stringValue}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${'hello'} wo\${'rld'}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>String&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;my:values string="${'hello'} wo${'rld'}"/>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1+2}.\${220}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Double&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;jsp:setProperty name="values" property="doubleValue" value="${1+2}.${220}"/>${values.doubleValue}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${1+2}.\${220}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Double&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;my:values double="${1+2}.${220}"/>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>000\${1}\${7}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Long&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;jsp:setProperty name="values" property="longValue" value="000${1}${7}"/>${values.longValue}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>000\${1}\${7}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Long&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;my:values long="000${1}${7}"/>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;!--
+         Undefined values are to be coerced to String, to be "",
+         https://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47413
+       -->
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${undefinedFoo}hello world\${undefinedBar}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>String&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;jsp:setProperty name="values" property="stringValue" value="${undefinedFoo}hello world${undefinedBar}"/>${values.stringValue}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${undefinedFoo}hello world\${undefinedBar}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>String&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;my:values string="${undefinedFoo}hello world${undefinedBar}"/>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Double&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;jsp:setProperty name="values" property="doubleValue" value="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/>${values.doubleValue}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Double&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;my:values double="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Long&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;jsp:setProperty name="values" property="longValue" value="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/>${values.longValue}&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+      &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>\${undefinedFoo}\${undefinedBar}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>Long&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;my:values long="${undefinedFoo}${undefinedBar}"/>&lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;/table>
+      &lt;/code>
+    &lt;/blockquote>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fdb080
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.html
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="functions.jsp?foo=JSP+2.0"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="functions.jsp.html">Source Code for functions.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="Functions.java.html">Source Code for Functions.java<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90895aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
+<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Functions</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Functions</h1>
+    <hr>
+    An upgrade from the JSTL expression language, the JSP 2.0 EL also
+    allows for simple function invocation.  Functions are defined
+    by tag libraries and are implemented by a Java programmer as
+    static methods.
+
+    <blockquote>
+      <u><b>Change Parameter</b></u>
+      <form action="functions.jsp" method="GET">
+          foo = <input type="text" name="foo" value="${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}">
+          <input type="submit">
+      </form>
+      <br>
+      <code>
+        <table border="1">
+          <thead>
+            <td><b>EL Expression</b></td>
+            <td><b>Result</b></td>
+          </thead>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${param["foo"]}</td>
+            <td>${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${my:reverse(param["foo"])}</td>
+            <td>${my:reverse(fn:escapeXml(param["foo"]))}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${my:reverse(my:reverse(param["foo"]))}</td>
+            <td>${my:reverse(my:reverse(fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])))}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${my:countVowels(param["foo"])}</td>
+            <td>${my:countVowels(fn:escapeXml(param["foo"]))}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+        </table>
+      </code>
+    </blockquote>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb761b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/functions.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Functions&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Functions&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    An upgrade from the JSTL expression language, the JSP 2.0 EL also
+    allows for simple function invocation.  Functions are defined
+    by tag libraries and are implemented by a Java programmer as
+    static methods.
+
+    &lt;blockquote>
+      &lt;u>&lt;b>Change Parameter&lt;/b>&lt;/u>
+      &lt;form action="functions.jsp" method="GET">
+          foo = &lt;input type="text" name="foo" value="${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}">
+          &lt;input type="submit">
+      &lt;/form>
+      &lt;br>
+      &lt;code>
+        &lt;table border="1">
+          &lt;thead>
+            &lt;td>&lt;b>EL Expression&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>&lt;b>Result&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/thead>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${param["foo"]}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${my:reverse(param["foo"])}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${my:reverse(fn:escapeXml(param["foo"]))}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${my:reverse(my:reverse(param["foo"]))}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${my:reverse(my:reverse(fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])))}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${my:countVowels(param["foo"])}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${my:countVowels(fn:escapeXml(param["foo"]))}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+        &lt;/table>
+      &lt;/code>
+    &lt;/blockquote>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2046603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="implicit-objects.jsp?foo=bar"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../../index.html">
+<img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="implicit-objects.jsp.html">Source Code for Implicit Objects Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..999ad13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
+
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Implicit Objects</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Implicit Objects</h1>
+    <hr>
+    This example illustrates some of the implicit objects available
+    in the Expression Language.  The following implicit objects are
+    available (not all illustrated here):
+    <ul>
+      <li>pageContext - the PageContext object</li>
+      <li>pageScope - a Map that maps page-scoped attribute names to
+          their values</li>
+      <li>requestScope - a Map that maps request-scoped attribute names
+          to their values</li>
+      <li>sessionScope - a Map that maps session-scoped attribute names
+          to their values</li>
+      <li>applicationScope - a Map that maps application-scoped attribute
+          names to their values</li>
+      <li>param - a Map that maps parameter names to a single String
+          parameter value</li>
+      <li>paramValues - a Map that maps parameter names to a String[] of
+          all values for that parameter</li>
+      <li>header - a Map that maps header names to a single String
+          header value</li>
+      <li>headerValues - a Map that maps header names to a String[] of
+          all values for that header</li>
+      <li>initParam - a Map that maps context initialization parameter
+          names to their String parameter value</li>
+      <li>cookie - a Map that maps cookie names to a single Cookie object.</li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <blockquote>
+      <u><b>Change Parameter</b></u>
+      <form action="implicit-objects.jsp" method="GET">
+          foo = <input type="text" name="foo" value="${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}">
+          <input type="submit">
+      </form>
+      <br>
+      <code>
+        <table border="1">
+          <thead>
+            <td><b>EL Expression</b></td>
+            <td><b>Result</b></td>
+          </thead>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${param.foo}</td>
+            <td>${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${param["foo"]}</td>
+            <td>${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${header["host"]}</td>
+            <td>${fn:escapeXml(header["host"])}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${header["accept"]}</td>
+            <td>${fn:escapeXml(header["accept"])}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>\${header["user-agent"]}</td>
+            <td>${fn:escapeXml(header["user-agent"])}&nbsp;</td>
+          </tr>
+        </table>
+      </code>
+    </blockquote>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a036a07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/implicit-objects.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
+
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Implicit Objects&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Expression Language - Implicit Objects&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    This example illustrates some of the implicit objects available
+    in the Expression Language.  The following implicit objects are
+    available (not all illustrated here):
+    &lt;ul>
+      &lt;li>pageContext - the PageContext object&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>pageScope - a Map that maps page-scoped attribute names to
+          their values&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>requestScope - a Map that maps request-scoped attribute names
+          to their values&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>sessionScope - a Map that maps session-scoped attribute names
+          to their values&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>applicationScope - a Map that maps application-scoped attribute
+          names to their values&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>param - a Map that maps parameter names to a single String
+          parameter value&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>paramValues - a Map that maps parameter names to a String[] of
+          all values for that parameter&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>header - a Map that maps header names to a single String
+          header value&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>headerValues - a Map that maps header names to a String[] of
+          all values for that header&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>initParam - a Map that maps context initialization parameter
+          names to their String parameter value&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>cookie - a Map that maps cookie names to a single Cookie object.&lt;/li>
+    &lt;/ul>
+
+    &lt;blockquote>
+      &lt;u>&lt;b>Change Parameter&lt;/b>&lt;/u>
+      &lt;form action="implicit-objects.jsp" method="GET">
+          foo = &lt;input type="text" name="foo" value="${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}">
+          &lt;input type="submit">
+      &lt;/form>
+      &lt;br>
+      &lt;code>
+        &lt;table border="1">
+          &lt;thead>
+            &lt;td>&lt;b>EL Expression&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>&lt;b>Result&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/thead>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${param.foo}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${param["foo"]}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${fn:escapeXml(param["foo"])}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${header["host"]}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${fn:escapeXml(header["host"])}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${header["accept"]}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${fn:escapeXml(header["accept"])}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;tr>
+            &lt;td>\${header["user-agent"]}&lt;/td>
+            &lt;td>${fn:escapeXml(header["user-agent"])}&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td>
+          &lt;/tr>
+        &lt;/table>
+      &lt;/code>
+    &lt;/blockquote>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/FooBean.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/FooBean.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2711b30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/FooBean.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples;
+
+public class FooBean {
+    private String bar;
+
+    public FooBean() {
+        bar = "Initial value";
+    }
+
+    public String getBar() {
+        return this.bar;
+    }
+
+    public void setBar(String bar) {
+        this.bar = bar;
+    }
+
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6fb9b0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that prints "Hello, world!"
+ */
+public class HelloWorldSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        getJspContext().getOut().write( "Hello, world!" );
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/ShuffleSimpleTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/ShuffleSimpleTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..806cf7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/ShuffleSimpleTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.JspFragment;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that accepts takes three attributes of type
+ * JspFragment and invokes then in a random order.
+ */
+public class ShuffleSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    // No need for this to use SecureRandom
+    private static Random random = new Random();
+
+    private JspFragment fragment1;
+    private JspFragment fragment2;
+    private JspFragment fragment3;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        switch(random.nextInt(6)) {
+            case 0:
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 4:
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                break;
+            case 5:
+                fragment3.invoke( null );
+                fragment2.invoke( null );
+                fragment1.invoke( null );
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setFragment1( JspFragment fragment1 ) {
+        this.fragment1 = fragment1;
+    }
+
+    public void setFragment2( JspFragment fragment2 ) {
+        this.fragment2 = fragment2;
+    }
+
+    public void setFragment3( JspFragment fragment3 ) {
+        this.fragment3 = fragment3;
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/TileSimpleTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/TileSimpleTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cd454b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/TileSimpleTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * Displays a tile as a single cell in a table.
+ */
+public class TileSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    private String color;
+    private String label;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        getJspContext().getOut().write(
+                "&lt;td width=\"32\" height=\"32\" bgcolor=\"" + this.color +
+                "\">&lt;font color=\"#ffffff\">&lt;center>" + this.label +
+                "&lt;/center>&lt;/font>&lt;/td>" );
+    }
+
+    public void setColor( String color ) {
+        this.color = color;
+    }
+
+    public void setLabel( String label ) {
+        this.label = label;
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b949da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="jspattribute.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="jspattribute.jsp.html">Source Code for jspattribute.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html">Source Code for HelloWorldSimpleTag.java<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="FooBean.java.html">Source Code for FooBean.java<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02abbd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - jsp:attribute and jsp:body</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - jsp:attribute and jsp:body</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>The new &lt;jsp:attribute&gt; and &lt;jsp:body&gt;
+    standard actions can be used to specify the value of any standard
+    action or custom action attribute.</p>
+    <p>This example uses the &lt;jsp:attribute&gt;
+    standard action to use the output of a custom action invocation
+    (one that simply outputs "Hello, World!") to set the value of a
+    bean property.  This would normally require an intermediary
+    step, such as using JSTL's &lt;c:set&gt; action.</p>
+    <br>
+    <jsp:useBean id="foo" class="jsp2.examples.FooBean">
+      Bean created!  Setting foo.bar...<br>
+      <jsp:setProperty name="foo" property="bar">
+        <jsp:attribute name="value">
+          <my:helloWorld/>
+        </jsp:attribute>
+      </jsp:setProperty>
+    </jsp:useBean>
+    <br>
+    Result: ${foo.bar}
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..088ed20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/jspattribute.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - jsp:attribute and jsp:body&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - jsp:attribute and jsp:body&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>The new &amp;lt;jsp:attribute&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;jsp:body&amp;gt;
+    standard actions can be used to specify the value of any standard
+    action or custom action attribute.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;p>This example uses the &amp;lt;jsp:attribute&amp;gt;
+    standard action to use the output of a custom action invocation
+    (one that simply outputs "Hello, World!") to set the value of a
+    bean property.  This would normally require an intermediary
+    step, such as using JSTL's &amp;lt;c:set&amp;gt; action.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;br>
+    &lt;jsp:useBean id="foo" class="jsp2.examples.FooBean">
+      Bean created!  Setting foo.bar...&lt;br>
+      &lt;jsp:setProperty name="foo" property="bar">
+        &lt;jsp:attribute name="value">
+          &lt;my:helloWorld/>
+        &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+      &lt;/jsp:setProperty>
+    &lt;/jsp:useBean>
+    &lt;br>
+    Result: ${foo.bar}
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7a4cb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="shuffle.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="shuffle.jsp.html">Source Code for shuffle.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="ShuffleSimpleTag.java.html">Source Code for ShuffleSimpleTag.java<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="TileSimpleTag.java.html">Source Code for TileSimpleTag.java<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..424af35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Shuffle Example</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Shuffle Example</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>Try reloading the page a few times.  Both the rows and the columns
+    are shuffled and appear different each time.</p>
+    <p>Here's how the code works.  The SimpleTag handler called
+    &lt;my:shuffle&gt; accepts three attributes.  Each attribute is a
+    JSP Fragment, meaning it is a fragment of JSP code that can be
+    dynamically executed by the shuffle tag handler on demand.  The
+    shuffle tag handler executes the three fragments in a random order.
+    To shuffle both the rows and the columns, the shuffle tag is used
+    with itself as a parameter.</p>
+    <hr>
+    <blockquote>
+     <font color="#ffffff">
+      <table>
+        <my:shuffle>
+          <jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+            <tr>
+              <my:shuffle>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+                  <my:tile color="#ff0000" label="A"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+                  <my:tile color="#00ff00" label="B"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+                  <my:tile color="#0000ff" label="C"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+              </my:shuffle>
+            </tr>
+          </jsp:attribute>
+          <jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+            <tr>
+              <my:shuffle>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+                  <my:tile color="#ff0000" label="1"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+                  <my:tile color="#00ff00" label="2"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+                  <my:tile color="#0000ff" label="3"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+              </my:shuffle>
+            </tr>
+          </jsp:attribute>
+          <jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+            <tr>
+              <my:shuffle>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+                  <my:tile color="#ff0000" label="!"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+                  <my:tile color="#00ff00" label="@"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+                <jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+                  <my:tile color="#0000ff" label="#"/>
+                </jsp:attribute>
+              </my:shuffle>
+            </tr>
+          </jsp:attribute>
+        </my:shuffle>
+      </table>
+     </font>
+    </blockquote>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..231eba6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/shuffle.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Shuffle Example&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Shuffle Example&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>Try reloading the page a few times.  Both the rows and the columns
+    are shuffled and appear different each time.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;p>Here's how the code works.  The SimpleTag handler called
+    &amp;lt;my:shuffle&amp;gt; accepts three attributes.  Each attribute is a
+    JSP Fragment, meaning it is a fragment of JSP code that can be
+    dynamically executed by the shuffle tag handler on demand.  The
+    shuffle tag handler executes the three fragments in a random order.
+    To shuffle both the rows and the columns, the shuffle tag is used
+    with itself as a parameter.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;blockquote>
+     &lt;font color="#ffffff">
+      &lt;table>
+        &lt;my:shuffle>
+          &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+            &lt;tr>
+              &lt;my:shuffle>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#ff0000" label="A"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#00ff00" label="B"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#0000ff" label="C"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+              &lt;/my:shuffle>
+            &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+          &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+            &lt;tr>
+              &lt;my:shuffle>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#ff0000" label="1"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#00ff00" label="2"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#0000ff" label="3"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+              &lt;/my:shuffle>
+            &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+          &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+            &lt;tr>
+              &lt;my:shuffle>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment1">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#ff0000" label="!"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment2">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#00ff00" label="@"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+                &lt;jsp:attribute name="fragment3">
+                  &lt;my:tile color="#0000ff" label="#"/>
+                &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+              &lt;/my:shuffle>
+            &lt;/tr>
+          &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+        &lt;/my:shuffle>
+      &lt;/table>
+     &lt;/font>
+    &lt;/blockquote>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e58dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="basic.jspx"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a
+href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="basic.jspx.html">Source Code for XHTML Basic Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba53d8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<tags:xhtmlbasic xmlns:tags="urn:jsptagdir:/WEB-INF/tags"
+                 xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page"
+                 xmlns:fmt="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"
+                 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+  <jsp:directive.page contentType="text/html" />
+  <head>
+    <title>JSPX - XHTML Basic Example</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSPX - XHTML Basic Example</h1>
+    <hr/>
+    This example illustrates how to use JSPX to produce an XHTML basic
+    document suitable for use with mobile phones, televisions,
+    PDAs, vending machines, pagers, car navigation systems,
+    mobile game machines, digital book readers, smart watches, etc.
+    <p/>
+    JSPX lets you create dynamic documents in a pure XML syntax compatible
+    with existing XML tools.  The XML syntax in JSP 1.2 was awkward and
+    required &amp;lt;jsp:root&amp;gt; to be the root element of the document.
+    This is no longer the case in JSP 2.0.
+    <p/>
+    This particular example uses a tag file to produce the DOCTYPE and
+    namespace declarations to make the output of this page a valid XHTML
+    Basic document.
+    <p/>
+    Just to prove this is live, here's some dynamic content:
+    <jsp:useBean id="now" class="java.util.Date" />
+    <fmt:formatDate value="${now}" pattern="MMMM d, yyyy, H:mm:ss"/>
+  </body>
+</tags:xhtmlbasic>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2116538
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/basic.jspx.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;tags:xhtmlbasic xmlns:tags="urn:jsptagdir:/WEB-INF/tags"
+                 xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page"
+                 xmlns:fmt="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"
+                 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+  &lt;jsp:directive.page contentType="text/html" />
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSPX - XHTML Basic Example&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSPX - XHTML Basic Example&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr/>
+    This example illustrates how to use JSPX to produce an XHTML basic
+    document suitable for use with mobile phones, televisions,
+    PDAs, vending machines, pagers, car navigation systems,
+    mobile game machines, digital book readers, smart watches, etc.
+    &lt;p/>
+    JSPX lets you create dynamic documents in a pure XML syntax compatible
+    with existing XML tools.  The XML syntax in JSP 1.2 was awkward and
+    required &amp;amp;lt;jsp:root&amp;amp;gt; to be the root element of the document.
+    This is no longer the case in JSP 2.0.
+    &lt;p/>
+    This particular example uses a tag file to produce the DOCTYPE and
+    namespace declarations to make the output of this page a valid XHTML
+    Basic document.
+    &lt;p/>
+    Just to prove this is live, here's some dynamic content:
+    &lt;jsp:useBean id="now" class="java.util.Date" />
+    &lt;fmt:formatDate value="${now}" pattern="MMMM d, yyyy, H:mm:ss"/>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/tags:xhtmlbasic>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/svgexample.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/svgexample.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ef1b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/svgexample.html
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 SVG Example</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 SVG Example</h1>
+    <hr>
+    This example uses JSP 2.0's new, simplified JSPX syntax to render a
+    Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) document.  When you view the source,
+    notice the lack of a &lt;jsp:root&gt; element!  The text to be rendered
+    can be modified by changing the value of the name parameter.
+    <p>
+    SVG has many potential uses, such as searchable images, or images
+    customized with the name of your site's visitor (e.g. a "Susan's Store"
+    tab image).  JSPX is a natural fit for generating dynamic XML content
+    such as SVG.
+    <p>
+    To execute this example, follow these steps:
+    <ol>
+      <li>Download <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik/index.html">Apache Batik</a>,
+          or any other SVG viewer.</li>
+      <li>Copy the following URL:
+      <a href="http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx?name=JSPX">
+      http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx?name=JSPX</a>
+      </li>
+      <li>Paste the URL into Batik's Location field and press Enter</li>
+      <li>Customize by changing the name=JSPX parameter</li>
+    </ol>
+    <br>
+    The following is a screenshot of the resulting image, for those that
+    don't have an SVG viewer:
+    <blockquote>
+      <img src="textRotate.jpg" border="1">
+    </blockquote>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e54588f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.html
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="textRotate.jspx"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a
+href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="textRotate.jspx.html">Source Code for SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)
+Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jpg b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e98736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ade5d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!--
+  - This example is based off the textRotate.svg example that comes
+  - with Apache Batik.  The original example was written by Bill Haneman.
+  - This version by Mark Roth.
+  -->
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+     width="450" height="500" viewBox="0 0 450 500"
+     xmlns:c="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"
+     xmlns:fn="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions"
+     xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page">
+  <jsp:directive.page contentType="image/svg+xml" />
+  <title>JSP 2.0 JSPX</title>
+  <!-- select name parameter, or default to JSPX -->
+  <c:set var="name" value='${empty fn:escapeXml(param["name"]) ? "JSPX" : fn:escapeXml(param["name"])}'/>
+  <g id="testContent">
+    <text class="title" x="50%" y="10%" font-size="15" text-anchor="middle" >
+            JSP 2.0 XML Syntax (.jspx) Demo</text>
+    <text class="title" x="50%" y="15%" font-size="15" text-anchor="middle" >
+            Try changing the name parameter!</text>
+    <g opacity="1.0" transform="translate(225, 250)" id="rotatedText">
+      <c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="24">
+        <jsp:text>
+          <![CDATA[<g opacity="0.95" transform="scale(1.05) rotate(15)">]]>
+        </jsp:text>
+        <text x="0" y="0" transform="scale(1.6, 1.6)" fill="DarkSlateBlue"
+              text-anchor="middle" font-size="40" font-family="Serif"
+              id="words">${name}</text>
+      </c:forEach>
+      <c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="24">
+        <jsp:text><![CDATA[</g>]]></jsp:text>
+      </c:forEach>
+      <text style="font-size:75;font-family:Serif;fill:white"
+            text-anchor="middle">${name}</text>
+    </g>
+  </g>
+</svg>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0313838
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/textRotate.jspx.html
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;!--
+  - This example is based off the textRotate.svg example that comes
+  - with Apache Batik.  The original example was written by Bill Haneman.
+  - This version by Mark Roth.
+  -->
+&lt;svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+     width="450" height="500" viewBox="0 0 450 500"
+     xmlns:c="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"
+     xmlns:fn="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions"
+     xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page">
+  &lt;jsp:directive.page contentType="image/svg+xml" />
+  &lt;title>JSP 2.0 JSPX&lt;/title>
+  &lt;!-- select name parameter, or default to JSPX -->
+  &lt;c:set var="name" value='${empty fn:escapeXml(param["name"]) ? "JSPX" : fn:escapeXml(param["name"])}'/>
+  &lt;g id="testContent">
+    &lt;text class="title" x="50%" y="10%" font-size="15" text-anchor="middle" >
+            JSP 2.0 XML Syntax (.jspx) Demo&lt;/text>
+    &lt;text class="title" x="50%" y="15%" font-size="15" text-anchor="middle" >
+            Try changing the name parameter!&lt;/text>
+    &lt;g opacity="1.0" transform="translate(225, 250)" id="rotatedText">
+      &lt;c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="24">
+        &lt;jsp:text>
+          &lt;![CDATA[&lt;g opacity="0.95" transform="scale(1.05) rotate(15)">]]>
+        &lt;/jsp:text>
+        &lt;text x="0" y="0" transform="scale(1.6, 1.6)" fill="DarkSlateBlue"
+              text-anchor="middle" font-size="40" font-family="Serif"
+              id="words">${name}&lt;/text>
+      &lt;/c:forEach>
+      &lt;c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="24">
+        &lt;jsp:text>&lt;![CDATA[&lt;/g>]]>&lt;/jsp:text>
+      &lt;/c:forEach>
+      &lt;text style="font-size:75;font-family:Serif;fill:white"
+            text-anchor="middle">${name}&lt;/text>
+    &lt;/g>
+  &lt;/g>
+&lt;/svg>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/EchoAttributesTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/EchoAttributesTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b25ba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/EchoAttributesTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.DynamicAttributes;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that echoes all its attributes
+ */
+public class EchoAttributesTag
+    extends SimpleTagSupport
+    implements DynamicAttributes
+{
+    private ArrayList&lt;String> keys = new ArrayList&lt;String>();
+    private ArrayList&lt;Object> values = new ArrayList&lt;Object>();
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        JspWriter out = getJspContext().getOut();
+        for( int i = 0; i &lt; keys.size(); i++ ) {
+            String key = keys.get( i );
+            Object value = values.get( i );
+            out.println( "&lt;li>" + key + " = " + value + "&lt;/li>" );
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setDynamicAttribute( String uri, String localName,
+        Object value )
+        throws JspException
+    {
+        keys.add( localName );
+        values.add( value );
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/coda.jspf b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/coda.jspf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20de7f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/coda.jspf
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<hr>
+<center>
+This banner included with &lt;include-coda&gt;
+</center>
+<hr>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/coda.jspf.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/coda.jspf.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef5a1b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/coda.jspf.html
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;hr>
+&lt;center>
+This banner included with &amp;lt;include-coda&amp;gt;
+&lt;/center>
+&lt;hr>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebd2f4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.html
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="config.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="config.jsp.html">Source Code for config.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="prelude.jspf.html">Source Code for prelude.jspf<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="coda.jspf.html">Source Code for coda.jspf<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51608c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - JSP Configuration</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>Using a &lt;jsp-property-group&gt; element in the web.xml
+    deployment descriptor, this JSP page has been configured in the
+    following ways:</p>
+    <ul>
+      <li>Uses &lt;include-prelude&gt; to include the top banner.</li>
+      <li>Uses &lt;include-coda&gt; to include the bottom banner.</li>
+      <li>Uses &lt;scripting-invalid&gt; true to disable
+          &lt;% scripting %&gt; elements</li>
+      <li>Uses &lt;el-ignored&gt; true to disable ${EL} elements</li>
+      <li>Uses &lt;page-encoding&gt; ISO-8859-1 to set the page encoding (though this is the default anyway)</li>
+    </ul>
+    There are various other configuration options that can be used.
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbfc450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/config.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - JSP Configuration&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>Using a &amp;lt;jsp-property-group&amp;gt; element in the web.xml
+    deployment descriptor, this JSP page has been configured in the
+    following ways:&lt;/p>
+    &lt;ul>
+      &lt;li>Uses &amp;lt;include-prelude&amp;gt; to include the top banner.&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Uses &amp;lt;include-coda&amp;gt; to include the bottom banner.&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Uses &amp;lt;scripting-invalid&amp;gt; true to disable
+          &amp;lt;% scripting %&amp;gt; elements&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Uses &amp;lt;el-ignored&amp;gt; true to disable ${EL} elements&lt;/li>
+      &lt;li>Uses &amp;lt;page-encoding&amp;gt; ISO-8859-1 to set the page encoding (though this is the default anyway)&lt;/li>
+    &lt;/ul>
+    There are various other configuration options that can be used.
+
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a02a987
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="dynamicattrs.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="dynamicattrs.jsp.html">Source Code for dynamicattrs.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="EchoAttributesTag.java.html">Source Code for EchoAttributesTag.java<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b351741
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Dynamic Attributes</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Dynamic Attributes</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>This JSP page invokes a custom tag that accepts a dynamic set
+    of attributes.  The tag echoes the name and value of all attributes
+    passed to it.</p>
+    <hr>
+    <h2>Invocation 1 (six attributes)</h2>
+    <ul>
+      <my:echoAttributes x="1" y="2" z="3" r="red" g="green" b="blue"/>
+    </ul>
+    <h2>Invocation 2 (zero attributes)</h2>
+    <ul>
+      <my:echoAttributes/>
+    </ul>
+    <h2>Invocation 3 (three attributes)</h2>
+    <ul>
+      <my:echoAttributes dogName="Scruffy"
+                         catName="Fluffy"
+                         blowfishName="Puffy"/>
+    </ul>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1179f82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/dynamicattrs.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/jsp2-example-taglib"%>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Dynamic Attributes&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Dynamic Attributes&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>This JSP page invokes a custom tag that accepts a dynamic set
+    of attributes.  The tag echoes the name and value of all attributes
+    passed to it.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;h2>Invocation 1 (six attributes)&lt;/h2>
+    &lt;ul>
+      &lt;my:echoAttributes x="1" y="2" z="3" r="red" g="green" b="blue"/>
+    &lt;/ul>
+    &lt;h2>Invocation 2 (zero attributes)&lt;/h2>
+    &lt;ul>
+      &lt;my:echoAttributes/>
+    &lt;/ul>
+    &lt;h2>Invocation 3 (three attributes)&lt;/h2>
+    &lt;ul>
+      &lt;my:echoAttributes dogName="Scruffy"
+                         catName="Fluffy"
+                         blowfishName="Puffy"/>
+    &lt;/ul>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/prelude.jspf b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/prelude.jspf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9772e1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/prelude.jspf
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<hr>
+<center>
+This banner included with &lt;include-prelude&gt;
+</center>
+<hr>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/prelude.jspf.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/prelude.jspf.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f928f18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/prelude.jspf.html
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;hr>
+&lt;center>
+This banner included with &amp;lt;include-prelude&amp;gt;
+&lt;/center>
+&lt;hr>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/BookBean.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/BookBean.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..143d754
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/BookBean.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples;
+
+public class BookBean {
+    private String title;
+    private String author;
+    private String isbn;
+
+    public BookBean( String title, String author, String isbn ) {
+        this.title = title;
+        this.author = author;
+        this.isbn = isbn;
+    }
+
+    public String getTitle() {
+        return this.title;
+    }
+
+    public String getAuthor() {
+        return this.author;
+    }
+
+    public String getIsbn() {
+        return this.isbn;
+    }
+
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..246df1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/FindBookSimpleTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+import jsp2.examples.BookBean;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that pretends to search for a book, and stores
+ * the result in a scoped variable.
+ */
+public class FindBookSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    private String var;
+
+    private static final String BOOK_TITLE = "The Lord of the Rings";
+    private static final String BOOK_AUTHOR = "J. R. R. Tolkein";
+    private static final String BOOK_ISBN = "0618002251";
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException {
+        BookBean book = new BookBean( BOOK_TITLE, BOOK_AUTHOR, BOOK_ISBN );
+        getJspContext().setAttribute( this.var, book );
+    }
+
+    public void setVar( String var ) {
+        this.var = var;
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/Functions.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/Functions.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91abc75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/Functions.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package jsp2.examples.el;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Defines the functions for the jsp2 example tag library.
+ *
+ * &lt;p>Each function is defined as a static method.&lt;/p>
+ */
+public class Functions {
+    public static String reverse( String text ) {
+        return new StringBuilder( text ).reverse().toString();
+    }
+
+    public static int numVowels( String text ) {
+        String vowels = "aeiouAEIOU";
+        int result = 0;
+        for( int i = 0; i &lt; text.length(); i++ ) {
+            if( vowels.indexOf( text.charAt( i ) ) != -1 ) {
+                result++;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static String caps( String text ) {
+        return text.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6fb9b0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that prints "Hello, world!"
+ */
+public class HelloWorldSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        getJspContext().getOut().write( "Hello, world!" );
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..852ac2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/RepeatSimpleTag.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+
+package jsp2.examples.simpletag;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
+import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport;
+
+/**
+ * SimpleTag handler that accepts a num attribute and
+ * invokes its body 'num' times.
+ */
+public class RepeatSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport {
+    private int num;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {
+        for (int i=0; i&lt;num; i++) {
+            getJspContext().setAttribute("count", String.valueOf( i + 1 ) );
+            getJspBody().invoke(null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setNum(int num) {
+        this.num = num;
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62cf284
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="book.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="book.jsp.html">Source Code for the Book Example JSP<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="FindBookSimpleTag.java.html">Source Code for the FindBook SimpleTag Handler<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="BookBean.java.html">Source Code for BookBean<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="Functions.java.html">Source Code for the EL Functions<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..069bd37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld" %>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Book SimpleTag Handler</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Book SimpleTag Handler</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>Illustrates a semi-realistic use of SimpleTag and the Expression
+    Language.  First, a &lt;my:findBook&gt; tag is invoked to populate
+    the page context with a BookBean.  Then, the books fields are printed
+    in all caps.</p>
+    <br>
+    <b><u>Result:</u></b><br>
+    <my:findBook var="book"/>
+    <table border="1">
+        <thead>
+        <td><b>Field</b></td>
+        <td><b>Value</b></td>
+        <td><b>Capitalized</b></td>
+    </thead>
+    <tr>
+        <td>Title</td>
+        <td>${book.title}</td>
+        <td>${my:caps(book.title)}</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+        <td>Author</td>
+        <td>${book.author}</td>
+        <td>${my:caps(book.author)}</td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+        <td>ISBN</td>
+        <td>${book.isbn}</td>
+        <td>${my:caps(book.isbn)}</td>
+    </tr>
+    </table>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d242ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/book.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld" %>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Book SimpleTag Handler&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Book SimpleTag Handler&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>Illustrates a semi-realistic use of SimpleTag and the Expression
+    Language.  First, a &amp;lt;my:findBook&amp;gt; tag is invoked to populate
+    the page context with a BookBean.  Then, the books fields are printed
+    in all caps.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;br>
+    &lt;b>&lt;u>Result:&lt;/u>&lt;/b>&lt;br>
+    &lt;my:findBook var="book"/>
+    &lt;table border="1">
+        &lt;thead>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>Field&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>Value&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>&lt;b>Capitalized&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/thead>
+    &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>Title&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${book.title}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${my:caps(book.title)}&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>Author&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${book.author}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${my:caps(book.author)}&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;tr>
+        &lt;td>ISBN&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${book.isbn}&lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>${my:caps(book.isbn)}&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;/table>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e7dfcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="hello.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="hello.jsp.html">Source Code for the Hello World Tag Example JSP<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="HelloWorldSimpleTag.java.html">Source Code for the Hello World SimpleTag Handler<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5ebf98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="mytag" uri="/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld" %>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World SimpleTag Handler</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World SimpleTag Handler</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>This tag handler simply echos "Hello, World!"  It's an example of
+    a very basic SimpleTag handler with no body.</p>
+    <br>
+    <b><u>Result:</u></b>
+    <mytag:helloWorld/>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e43a05f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/hello.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="mytag" uri="/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld" %>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World SimpleTag Handler&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World SimpleTag Handler&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>This tag handler simply echos "Hello, World!"  It's an example of
+    a very basic SimpleTag handler with no body.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;br>
+    &lt;b>&lt;u>Result:&lt;/u>&lt;/b>
+    &lt;mytag:helloWorld/>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18ff5ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="repeat.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="repeat.jsp.html">Source Code for the Repeat Tag Example JSP<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="RepeatSimpleTag.java.html">Source Code for the Repeat SimpleTag Handler<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f66bdde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="mytag" uri="/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld" %>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Repeat SimpleTag Handler</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Repeat SimpleTag Handler</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>This tag handler accepts a "num" parameter and repeats the body of the
+    tag "num" times.  It's a simple example, but the implementation of
+    such a tag in JSP 2.0 is substantially simpler than the equivalent
+    JSP 1.2-style classic tag handler.</p>
+    <p>The body of the tag is encapsulated in a "JSP Fragment" and passed
+    to the tag handler, which then executes it five times, inside a
+    for loop.  The tag handler passes in the current invocation in a
+    scoped variable called count, which can be accessed using the EL.</p>
+    <br>
+    <b><u>Result:</u></b><br>
+    <mytag:repeat num="5">
+      Invocation ${count} of 5<br>
+    </mytag:repeat>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3bd71e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/repeat.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="mytag" uri="/WEB-INF/jsp2/jsp2-example-taglib.tld" %>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Repeat SimpleTag Handler&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Repeat SimpleTag Handler&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>This tag handler accepts a "num" parameter and repeats the body of the
+    tag "num" times.  It's a simple example, but the implementation of
+    such a tag in JSP 2.0 is substantially simpler than the equivalent
+    JSP 1.2-style classic tag handler.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;p>The body of the tag is encapsulated in a "JSP Fragment" and passed
+    to the tag handler, which then executes it five times, inside a
+    for loop.  The tag handler passes in the current invocation in a
+    scoped variable called count, which can be accessed using the EL.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;br>
+    &lt;b>&lt;u>Result:&lt;/u>&lt;/b>&lt;br>
+    &lt;mytag:repeat num="5">
+      Invocation ${count} of 5&lt;br>
+    &lt;/mytag:repeat>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/displayProducts.tag.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/displayProducts.tag.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7898fe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/displayProducts.tag.html
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
+&lt;%@ attribute name="normalPrice" fragment="true" %>
+&lt;%@ attribute name="onSale" fragment="true" %>
+&lt;%@ variable name-given="name" %>
+&lt;%@ variable name-given="price" %>
+&lt;%@ variable name-given="origPrice" %>
+&lt;%@ variable name-given="salePrice" %>
+
+&lt;table border="1">
+  &lt;tr>
+    &lt;td>
+      &lt;c:set var="name" value="Hand-held Color PDA"/>
+      &lt;c:set var="price" value="$298.86"/>
+      &lt;jsp:invoke fragment="normalPrice"/>
+    &lt;/td>
+    &lt;td>
+      &lt;c:set var="name" value="4-Pack 150 Watt Light Bulbs"/>
+      &lt;c:set var="origPrice" value="$2.98"/>
+      &lt;c:set var="salePrice" value="$2.32"/>
+      &lt;jsp:invoke fragment="onSale"/>
+    &lt;/td>
+    &lt;td>
+      &lt;c:set var="name" value="Digital Cellular Phone"/>
+      &lt;c:set var="price" value="$68.74"/>
+      &lt;jsp:invoke fragment="normalPrice"/>
+    &lt;/td>
+    &lt;td>
+      &lt;c:set var="name" value="Baby Grand Piano"/>
+      &lt;c:set var="price" value="$10,800.00"/>
+      &lt;jsp:invoke fragment="normalPrice"/>
+    &lt;/td>
+    &lt;td>
+      &lt;c:set var="name" value="Luxury Car w/ Leather Seats"/>
+      &lt;c:set var="origPrice" value="$23,980.00"/>
+      &lt;c:set var="salePrice" value="$21,070.00"/>
+      &lt;jsp:invoke fragment="onSale"/>
+    &lt;/td>
+  &lt;/tr>
+&lt;/table>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aab12a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="hello.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="hello.jsp.html">Source Code for hello.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="helloWorld.tag.html">Source Code for helloWorld.tag<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5d9999
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="tags" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World Using a Tag File</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World Using a Tag File</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>This JSP page invokes a custom tag that simply echos "Hello, World!"
+    The custom tag is generated from a tag file in the /WEB-INF/tags
+    directory.</p>
+    <p>Notice that we did not need to write a TLD for this tag.  We just
+    created /WEB-INF/tags/helloWorld.tag, imported it using the taglib
+    directive, and used it!</p>
+    <br>
+    <b><u>Result:</u></b>
+    <tags:helloWorld/>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fbd217
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/hello.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="tags" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World Using a Tag File&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Hello World Using a Tag File&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>This JSP page invokes a custom tag that simply echos "Hello, World!"
+    The custom tag is generated from a tag file in the /WEB-INF/tags
+    directory.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;p>Notice that we did not need to write a TLD for this tag.  We just
+    created /WEB-INF/tags/helloWorld.tag, imported it using the taglib
+    directive, and used it!&lt;/p>
+    &lt;br>
+    &lt;b>&lt;u>Result:&lt;/u>&lt;/b>
+    &lt;tags:helloWorld/>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/helloWorld.tag.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/helloWorld.tag.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e335986
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/helloWorld.tag.html
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+Hello, world!
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..161b70d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="panel.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="panel.jsp.html">Source Code for panel.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="panel.tag.html">Source Code for panel.tag<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56f73b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="tags" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Panels using Tag Files</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Panels using Tag Files</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>This JSP page invokes a custom tag that draws a
+    panel around the contents of the tag body.  Normally, such a tag
+    implementation would require a Java class with many println() statements,
+    outputting HTML.  Instead, we can use a .tag file as a template,
+    and we don't need to write a single line of Java or even a TLD!</p>
+    <hr>
+    <table border="0">
+      <tr valign="top">
+        <td>
+          <tags:panel color="#ff8080" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" title="Panel 1">
+            First panel.<br/>
+          </tags:panel>
+        </td>
+        <td>
+          <tags:panel color="#80ff80" bgcolor="#c0ffc0" title="Panel 2">
+            Second panel.<br/>
+            Second panel.<br/>
+            Second panel.<br/>
+            Second panel.<br/>
+          </tags:panel>
+        </td>
+        <td>
+          <tags:panel color="#8080ff" bgcolor="#c0c0ff" title="Panel 3">
+            Third panel.<br/>
+            <tags:panel color="#ff80ff" bgcolor="#ffc0ff" title="Inner">
+              A panel in a panel.
+            </tags:panel>
+            Third panel.<br/>
+          </tags:panel>
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a8277c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="tags" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Panels using Tag Files&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Panels using Tag Files&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>This JSP page invokes a custom tag that draws a
+    panel around the contents of the tag body.  Normally, such a tag
+    implementation would require a Java class with many println() statements,
+    outputting HTML.  Instead, we can use a .tag file as a template,
+    and we don't need to write a single line of Java or even a TLD!&lt;/p>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;table border="0">
+      &lt;tr valign="top">
+        &lt;td>
+          &lt;tags:panel color="#ff8080" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" title="Panel 1">
+            First panel.&lt;br/>
+          &lt;/tags:panel>
+        &lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>
+          &lt;tags:panel color="#80ff80" bgcolor="#c0ffc0" title="Panel 2">
+            Second panel.&lt;br/>
+            Second panel.&lt;br/>
+            Second panel.&lt;br/>
+            Second panel.&lt;br/>
+          &lt;/tags:panel>
+        &lt;/td>
+        &lt;td>
+          &lt;tags:panel color="#8080ff" bgcolor="#c0c0ff" title="Panel 3">
+            Third panel.&lt;br/>
+            &lt;tags:panel color="#ff80ff" bgcolor="#ffc0ff" title="Inner">
+              A panel in a panel.
+            &lt;/tags:panel>
+            Third panel.&lt;br/>
+          &lt;/tags:panel>
+        &lt;/td>
+      &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;/table>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.tag.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.tag.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df1c214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/panel.tag.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;%@ attribute name="color" %>
+&lt;%@ attribute name="bgcolor" %>
+&lt;%@ attribute name="title" %>
+&lt;table border="1" bgcolor="${color}">
+  &lt;tr>
+    &lt;td>&lt;b>${title}&lt;/b>&lt;/td>
+  &lt;/tr>
+  &lt;tr>
+    &lt;td bgcolor="${bgcolor}">
+      &lt;jsp:doBody/>
+    &lt;/td>
+  &lt;/tr>
+&lt;/table>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4780b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="products.jsp"><img src="../../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+<a href="../../index.html"><img src="../../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="products.jsp.html">Source Code for products.jsp<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+<h3><a href="displayProducts.tag.html">Source Code for displayProducts.tag<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23b84f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib prefix="tags" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Display Products Tag File</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Display Products Tag File</h1>
+    <hr>
+    <p>This JSP page invokes a tag file that displays a listing of
+    products.  The custom tag accepts two fragments that enable
+    customization of appearance.  One for when the product is on sale
+    and one for normal price.</p>
+    <p>The tag is invoked twice, using different styles</p>
+    <hr>
+    <h2>Products</h2>
+    <tags:displayProducts>
+      <jsp:attribute name="normalPrice">
+        Item: ${name}<br/>
+        Price: ${price}
+      </jsp:attribute>
+      <jsp:attribute name="onSale">
+        Item: ${name}<br/>
+        <font color="red"><strike>Was: ${origPrice}</strike></font><br/>
+        <b>Now: ${salePrice}</b>
+      </jsp:attribute>
+    </tags:displayProducts>
+    <hr>
+    <h2>Products (Same tag, alternate style)</h2>
+    <tags:displayProducts>
+      <jsp:attribute name="normalPrice">
+        <b>${name}</b> @ ${price} ea.
+      </jsp:attribute>
+      <jsp:attribute name="onSale">
+        <b>${name}</b> @ ${salePrice} ea. (was: ${origPrice})
+      </jsp:attribute>
+    </tags:displayProducts>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a081b23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/products.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib prefix="tags" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>JSP 2.0 Examples - Display Products Tag File&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>JSP 2.0 Examples - Display Products Tag File&lt;/h1>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;p>This JSP page invokes a tag file that displays a listing of
+    products.  The custom tag accepts two fragments that enable
+    customization of appearance.  One for when the product is on sale
+    and one for normal price.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;p>The tag is invoked twice, using different styles&lt;/p>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;h2>Products&lt;/h2>
+    &lt;tags:displayProducts>
+      &lt;jsp:attribute name="normalPrice">
+        Item: ${name}&lt;br/>
+        Price: ${price}
+      &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+      &lt;jsp:attribute name="onSale">
+        Item: ${name}&lt;br/>
+        &lt;font color="red">&lt;strike>Was: ${origPrice}&lt;/strike>&lt;/font>&lt;br/>
+        &lt;b>Now: ${salePrice}&lt;/b>
+      &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+    &lt;/tags:displayProducts>
+    &lt;hr>
+    &lt;h2>Products (Same tag, alternate style)&lt;/h2>
+    &lt;tags:displayProducts>
+      &lt;jsp:attribute name="normalPrice">
+        &lt;b>${name}&lt;/b> @ ${price} ea.
+      &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+      &lt;jsp:attribute name="onSale">
+        &lt;b>${name}&lt;/b> @ ${salePrice} ea. (was: ${origPrice})
+      &lt;/jsp:attribute>
+    &lt;/tags:displayProducts>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/xhtmlbasic.tag.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/xhtmlbasic.tag.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8bd497
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/xhtmlbasic.tag.html
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
+"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
+&lt;html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+&lt;jsp:doBody/>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/ServletToJsp.java.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/ServletToJsp.java.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e30da5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/ServletToJsp.java.html
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+public class ServletToJsp extends HttpServlet {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    @Override
+    public void doGet (HttpServletRequest request,
+            HttpServletResponse response) {
+
+       try {
+           // Set the attribute and Forward to hello.jsp
+           request.setAttribute ("servletName", "servletToJsp");
+           getServletConfig().getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher(
+                   "/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp").forward(request, response);
+       } catch (Exception ex) {
+           ex.printStackTrace ();
+       }
+    }
+}
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b2b9fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+
+<h1>
+I have been invoked by
+<% out.print (request.getAttribute("servletName").toString()); %>
+Servlet.
+</h1>
+
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9e6138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/hello.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+
+&lt;h1>
+I have been invoked by
+&lt;% out.print (request.getAttribute("servletName").toString()); %>
+Servlet.
+&lt;/h1>
+
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2a460a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+
+<!-- Forward to a servlet -->
+<jsp:forward page="/servletToJsp" />
+
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e8ea56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jsptoservlet.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+
+&lt;!-- Forward to a servlet -->
+&lt;jsp:forward page="/servletToJsp" />
+
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jts.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jts.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef8bc01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/jts.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="jsptoservlet.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="jsptoservlet.jsp.html">Source Code for JSP calling servlet <font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="servletToJsp.java.html">Source Code for Servlet calling JSP
+<font color="#0000FF"></a> </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..431fda0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+
+  Number Guess Game
+  Written by Jason Hunter, CTO, K&A Software
+  http://www.servlets.com
+-->
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="numguess.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="numguess.jsp.html">Source Code for Numguess Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a30eeb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+
+  Number Guess Game
+  Written by Jason Hunter, CTO, K&A Software
+  http://www.servlets.com
+--%>
+
+<%@ page import = "num.NumberGuessBean" %>
+
+<jsp:useBean id="numguess" class="num.NumberGuessBean" scope="session"/>
+<jsp:setProperty name="numguess" property="*"/>
+
+<html>
+<head><title>Number Guess</title></head>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<font size=4>
+
+<% if (numguess.getSuccess()) { %>
+
+  Congratulations!  You got it.
+  And after just <%= numguess.getNumGuesses() %> tries.<p>
+
+  <% numguess.reset(); %>
+
+  Care to <a href="numguess.jsp">try again</a>?
+
+<% } else if (numguess.getNumGuesses() == 0) { %>
+
+  Welcome to the Number Guess game.<p>
+
+  I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.<p>
+
+  <form method=get>
+  What's your guess? <input type=text name=guess>
+  <input type=submit value="Submit">
+  </form>
+
+<% } else { %>
+
+  Good guess, but nope.  Try <b><%= numguess.getHint() %></b>.
+
+  You have made <%= numguess.getNumGuesses() %> guesses.<p>
+
+  I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.<p>
+
+  <form method=get>
+  What's your guess? <input type=text name=guess>
+  <input type=submit value="Submit">
+  </form>
+
+<% } %>
+
+</font>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3362ac4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/num/numguess.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+
+  Number Guess Game
+  Written by Jason Hunter, CTO, K&amp;A Software
+  http://www.servlets.com
+--%>
+
+&lt;%@ page import = "num.NumberGuessBean" %>
+
+&lt;jsp:useBean id="numguess" class="num.NumberGuessBean" scope="session"/>
+&lt;jsp:setProperty name="numguess" property="*"/>
+
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>&lt;title>Number Guess&lt;/title>&lt;/head>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;font size=4>
+
+&lt;% if (numguess.getSuccess()) { %>
+
+  Congratulations!  You got it.
+  And after just &lt;%= numguess.getNumGuesses() %> tries.&lt;p>
+
+  &lt;% numguess.reset(); %>
+
+  Care to &lt;a href="numguess.jsp">try again&lt;/a>?
+
+&lt;% } else if (numguess.getNumGuesses() == 0) { %>
+
+  Welcome to the Number Guess game.&lt;p>
+
+  I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.&lt;p>
+
+  &lt;form method=get>
+  What's your guess? &lt;input type=text name=guess>
+  &lt;input type=submit value="Submit">
+  &lt;/form>
+
+&lt;% } else { %>
+
+  Good guess, but nope.  Try &lt;b>&lt;%= numguess.getHint() %>&lt;/b>.
+
+  You have made &lt;%= numguess.getNumGuesses() %> guesses.&lt;p>
+
+  I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.&lt;p>
+
+  &lt;form method=get>
+  What's your guess? &lt;input type=text name=guess>
+  &lt;input type=submit value="Submit">
+  &lt;/form>
+
+&lt;% } %>
+
+&lt;/font>
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/Clock2.class b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/Clock2.class
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc968cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/Clock2.class
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/Clock2.java b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/Clock2.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccc96d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/Clock2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+import java.applet.Applet;
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.Font;
+import java.awt.Graphics;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Time!
+ *
+ * @author Rachel Gollub
+ */
+
+public class Clock2 extends Applet implements Runnable {
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+    Thread timer;                // The thread that displays clock
+    int lastxs, lastys, lastxm,
+        lastym, lastxh, lastyh;  // Dimensions used to draw hands
+    SimpleDateFormat formatter;  // Formats the date displayed
+    String lastdate;             // String to hold date displayed
+    Font clockFaceFont;          // Font for number display on clock
+    Date currentDate;            // Used to get date to display
+    Color handColor;             // Color of main hands and dial
+    Color numberColor;           // Color of second hand and numbers
+
+    @Override
+    public void init() {
+        lastxs = lastys = lastxm = lastym = lastxh = lastyh = 0;
+        formatter = new SimpleDateFormat ("EEE MMM dd hh:mm:ss yyyy", Locale.getDefault());
+        currentDate = new Date();
+        lastdate = formatter.format(currentDate);
+        clockFaceFont = new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 14);
+        handColor = Color.blue;
+        numberColor = Color.darkGray;
+
+        try {
+            setBackground(new Color(Integer.parseInt(getParameter("bgcolor"),16)));
+        } catch (Exception E) { }
+        try {
+            handColor = new Color(Integer.parseInt(getParameter("fgcolor1"),16));
+        } catch (Exception E) { }
+        try {
+            numberColor = new Color(Integer.parseInt(getParameter("fgcolor2"),16));
+        } catch (Exception E) { }
+        resize(300,300);              // Set clock window size
+    }
+
+    // Plotpoints allows calculation to only cover 45 degrees of the circle,
+    // and then mirror
+    public void plotpoints(int x0, int y0, int x, int y, Graphics g) {
+        g.drawLine(x0+x,y0+y,x0+x,y0+y);
+        g.drawLine(x0+y,y0+x,x0+y,y0+x);
+        g.drawLine(x0+y,y0-x,x0+y,y0-x);
+        g.drawLine(x0+x,y0-y,x0+x,y0-y);
+        g.drawLine(x0-x,y0-y,x0-x,y0-y);
+        g.drawLine(x0-y,y0-x,x0-y,y0-x);
+        g.drawLine(x0-y,y0+x,x0-y,y0+x);
+        g.drawLine(x0-x,y0+y,x0-x,y0+y);
+    }
+
+    // Circle is just Bresenham's algorithm for a scan converted circle
+    public void circle(int x0, int y0, int r, Graphics g) {
+        int x,y;
+        float d;
+        x=0;
+        y=r;
+        d=5/4-r;
+        plotpoints(x0,y0,x,y,g);
+
+        while (y>x){
+            if (d<0) {
+                d=d+2*x+3;
+                x++;
+            }
+            else {
+                d=d+2*(x-y)+5;
+                x++;
+                y--;
+            }
+            plotpoints(x0,y0,x,y,g);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Paint is the main part of the program
+    @Override
+    public void paint(Graphics g) {
+        int xh, yh, xm, ym, xs, ys, s = 0, m = 10, h = 10, xcenter, ycenter;
+        String today;
+
+        currentDate = new Date();
+        SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("s",Locale.getDefault());
+        try {
+            s = Integer.parseInt(formatter.format(currentDate));
+        } catch (NumberFormatException n) {
+            s = 0;
+        }
+        formatter.applyPattern("m");
+        try {
+            m = Integer.parseInt(formatter.format(currentDate));
+        } catch (NumberFormatException n) {
+            m = 10;
+        }
+        formatter.applyPattern("h");
+        try {
+            h = Integer.parseInt(formatter.format(currentDate));
+        } catch (NumberFormatException n) {
+            h = 10;
+        }
+        formatter.applyPattern("EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss yyyy");
+        today = formatter.format(currentDate);
+        xcenter=80;
+        ycenter=55;
+
+    // a= s* pi/2 - pi/2 (to switch 0,0 from 3:00 to 12:00)
+    // x = r(cos a) + xcenter, y = r(sin a) + ycenter
+
+        xs = (int)(Math.cos(s * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 45 + xcenter);
+        ys = (int)(Math.sin(s * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 45 + ycenter);
+        xm = (int)(Math.cos(m * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 40 + xcenter);
+        ym = (int)(Math.sin(m * 3.14f/30 - 3.14f/2) * 40 + ycenter);
+        xh = (int)(Math.cos((h*30 + m/2) * 3.14f/180 - 3.14f/2) * 30 + xcenter);
+        yh = (int)(Math.sin((h*30 + m/2) * 3.14f/180 - 3.14f/2) * 30 + ycenter);
+
+    // Draw the circle and numbers
+
+        g.setFont(clockFaceFont);
+        g.setColor(handColor);
+        circle(xcenter,ycenter,50,g);
+        g.setColor(numberColor);
+        g.drawString("9",xcenter-45,ycenter+3);
+        g.drawString("3",xcenter+40,ycenter+3);
+        g.drawString("12",xcenter-5,ycenter-37);
+        g.drawString("6",xcenter-3,ycenter+45);
+
+    // Erase if necessary, and redraw
+
+        g.setColor(getBackground());
+        if (xs != lastxs || ys != lastys) {
+            g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter, lastxs, lastys);
+            g.drawString(lastdate, 5, 125);
+        }
+        if (xm != lastxm || ym != lastym) {
+            g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, lastxm, lastym);
+            g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, lastxm, lastym); }
+        if (xh != lastxh || yh != lastyh) {
+            g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, lastxh, lastyh);
+            g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, lastxh, lastyh); }
+        g.setColor(numberColor);
+        g.drawString("", 5, 125);
+        g.drawString(today, 5, 125);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter, xs, ys);
+        g.setColor(handColor);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, xm, ym);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, xm, ym);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter, ycenter-1, xh, yh);
+        g.drawLine(xcenter-1, ycenter, xh, yh);
+        lastxs=xs; lastys=ys;
+        lastxm=xm; lastym=ym;
+        lastxh=xh; lastyh=yh;
+        lastdate = today;
+        currentDate=null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void start() {
+        timer = new Thread(this);
+        timer.start();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void stop() {
+        timer = null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void run() {
+        Thread me = Thread.currentThread();
+        while (timer == me) {
+            try {
+                Thread.sleep(100);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            }
+            repaint();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void update(Graphics g) {
+        paint(g);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getAppletInfo() {
+        return "Title: A Clock \nAuthor: Rachel Gollub, 1995 \nAn analog clock.";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String[][] getParameterInfo() {
+        String[][] info = {
+            {"bgcolor", "hexadecimal RGB number", "The background color. Default is the color of your browser."},
+            {"fgcolor1", "hexadecimal RGB number", "The color of the hands and dial. Default is blue."},
+            {"fgcolor2", "hexadecimal RGB number", "The color of the seconds hand and numbers. Default is dark gray."}
+        };
+        return info;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..036ce72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.html
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="plugin.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="plugin.jsp.html">Source Code for Plugin Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3347f6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<title> Plugin example </title>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<h3> Current time is : </h3>
+<jsp:plugin type="applet" code="Clock2.class" codebase="applet" jreversion="1.2" width="160" height="150" >
+    <jsp:fallback>
+        Plugin tag OBJECT or EMBED not supported by browser.
+    </jsp:fallback>
+</jsp:plugin>
+<p>
+<h4>
+<font color=red>
+The above applet is loaded using the Java Plugin from a jsp page using the
+plugin tag.
+</font>
+</h4>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..121b375
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/plugin.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;title> Plugin example &lt;/title>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;h3> Current time is : &lt;/h3>
+&lt;jsp:plugin type="applet" code="Clock2.class" codebase="applet" jreversion="1.2" width="160" height="150" >
+    &lt;jsp:fallback>
+        Plugin tag OBJECT or EMBED not supported by browser.
+    &lt;/jsp:fallback>
+&lt;/jsp:plugin>
+&lt;p>
+&lt;h4>
+&lt;font color=red>
+The above applet is loaded using the Java Plugin from a jsp page using the
+plugin tag.
+&lt;/font>
+&lt;/h4>
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db7a466
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Error Page For Examples</title>
+</head>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+Invalid username and/or password, please try
+<a href='<%= response.encodeURL("index.jsp") %>'>again</a>.
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..950029e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>
+&lt;title>Error Page For Examples&lt;/title>
+&lt;/head>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+Invalid username and/or password, please try
+&lt;a href='&lt;%= response.encodeURL("index.jsp") %>'>again&lt;/a>.
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/index.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/index.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d6495c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/index.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%
+  if (request.getParameter("logoff") != null) {
+    session.invalidate();
+    response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
+    return;
+  }
+%>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Protected Page for Examples</title>
+</head>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+
+You are logged in as remote user
+<b><%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteUser()) %></b>
+in session <b><%= session.getId() %></b><br><br>
+
+<%
+  if (request.getUserPrincipal() != null) {
+%>
+    Your user principal name is
+    <b><%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getUserPrincipal().getName()) %></b>
+    <br><br>
+<%
+  } else {
+%>
+    No user principal could be identified.<br><br>
+<%
+  }
+%>
+
+<%
+  String role = request.getParameter("role");
+  if (role == null)
+    role = "";
+  if (role.length() > 0) {
+    if (request.isUserInRole(role)) {
+%>
+      You have been granted role
+      <b><%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(role) %></b><br><br>
+<%
+    } else {
+%>
+      You have <i>not</i> been granted role
+      <b><%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(role) %></b><br><br>
+<%
+    }
+  }
+%>
+
+To check whether your username has been granted a particular role,
+enter it here:
+<form method="GET" action='<%= response.encodeURL("index.jsp") %>'>
+<input type="text" name="role" value="<%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(role) %>">
+</form>
+<br><br>
+
+If you have configured this app for form-based authentication, you can log
+off by clicking
+<a href='<%= response.encodeURL("index.jsp?logoff=true") %>'>here</a>.
+This should cause you to be returned to the logon page after the redirect
+that is performed.
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/index.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/index.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..399f05c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/index.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%
+  if (request.getParameter("logoff") != null) {
+    session.invalidate();
+    response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
+    return;
+  }
+%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>
+&lt;title>Protected Page for Examples&lt;/title>
+&lt;/head>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+
+You are logged in as remote user
+&lt;b>&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteUser()) %>&lt;/b>
+in session &lt;b>&lt;%= session.getId() %>&lt;/b>&lt;br>&lt;br>
+
+&lt;%
+  if (request.getUserPrincipal() != null) {
+%>
+    Your user principal name is
+    &lt;b>&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getUserPrincipal().getName()) %>&lt;/b>
+    &lt;br>&lt;br>
+&lt;%
+  } else {
+%>
+    No user principal could be identified.&lt;br>&lt;br>
+&lt;%
+  }
+%>
+
+&lt;%
+  String role = request.getParameter("role");
+  if (role == null)
+    role = "";
+  if (role.length() > 0) {
+    if (request.isUserInRole(role)) {
+%>
+      You have been granted role
+      &lt;b>&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(role) %>&lt;/b>&lt;br>&lt;br>
+&lt;%
+    } else {
+%>
+      You have &lt;i>not&lt;/i> been granted role
+      &lt;b>&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(role) %>&lt;/b>&lt;br>&lt;br>
+&lt;%
+    }
+  }
+%>
+
+To check whether your username has been granted a particular role,
+enter it here:
+&lt;form method="GET" action='&lt;%= response.encodeURL("index.jsp") %>'>
+&lt;input type="text" name="role" value="&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(role) %>">
+&lt;/form>
+&lt;br>&lt;br>
+
+If you have configured this app for form-based authentication, you can log
+off by clicking
+&lt;a href='&lt;%= response.encodeURL("index.jsp?logoff=true") %>'>here&lt;/a>.
+This should cause you to be returned to the logon page after the redirect
+that is performed.
+
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b6d483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Login Page for Examples</title>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<form method="POST" action='<%= response.encodeURL("j_security_check") %>' >
+  <table border="0" cellspacing="5">
+    <tr>
+      <th align="right">Username:</th>
+      <td align="left"><input type="text" name="j_username"></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <th align="right">Password:</th>
+      <td align="left"><input type="password" name="j_password"></td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr>
+      <td align="right"><input type="submit" value="Log In"></td>
+      <td align="left"><input type="reset"></td>
+    </tr>
+  </table>
+</form>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a516764
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>
+&lt;title>Login Page for Examples&lt;/title>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;form method="POST" action='&lt;%= response.encodeURL("j_security_check") %>' >
+  &lt;table border="0" cellspacing="5">
+    &lt;tr>
+      &lt;th align="right">Username:&lt;/th>
+      &lt;td align="left">&lt;input type="text" name="j_username">&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;tr>
+      &lt;th align="right">Password:&lt;/th>
+      &lt;td align="left">&lt;input type="password" name="j_password">&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/tr>
+    &lt;tr>
+      &lt;td align="right">&lt;input type="submit" value="Log In">&lt;/td>
+      &lt;td align="left">&lt;input type="reset">&lt;/td>
+    &lt;/tr>
+  &lt;/table>
+&lt;/form>
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/DummyCart.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/DummyCart.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..317523f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/DummyCart.html
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<HTML>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<HEAD>
+<title>
+sessions.DummyCart Bean Properties
+</title>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="white">
+<H2>
+sessions.DummyCart Bean Properties
+</H2>
+<HR>
+<DL>
+<DT>public class <B>DummyCart</B><DT>extends Object</DL>
+
+<P>
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+
+<TABLE BORDER="1" WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING="3" CELLSPACING="0">
+<TR BGCOLOR="#EEEEFF">
+<TD COLSPAN=3><FONT SIZE="+2">
+<B>Properties Summary</B></FONT></TD>
+</TR>
+<TR BGCOLOR="white">
+<td align="right" valign="top" width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+String
+</FONT></TD>
+<TD><B>DummyCart:items</B>
+<BR>
+       </TD>
+<td width="1%">
+<FONT SIZE="-1">
+Multi
+</FONT></TD>
+</TABLE>
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e972327
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.html
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+    <title>carts</title>
+</head>
+
+ <body bgcolor="white">
+<font size = 5 color="#CC0000">
+
+<form type=POST action=carts.jsp>
+<BR>
+Please enter item to add or remove:
+<br>
+Add Item:
+
+<SELECT NAME="item">
+<OPTION>Beavis & Butt-head Video collection
+<OPTION>X-files movie
+<OPTION>Twin peaks tapes
+<OPTION>NIN CD
+<OPTION>JSP Book
+<OPTION>Concert tickets
+<OPTION>Love life
+<OPTION>Switch blade
+<OPTION>Rex, Rugs & Rock n' Roll
+</SELECT>
+
+
+<br> <br>
+<INPUT TYPE=submit name="submit" value="add">
+<INPUT TYPE=submit name="submit" value="remove">
+
+</form>
+
+</FONT>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8847e58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<jsp:useBean id="cart" scope="session" class="sessions.DummyCart" />
+
+<jsp:setProperty name="cart" property="*" />
+<%
+    cart.processRequest();
+%>
+
+
+<FONT size = 5 COLOR="#CC0000">
+<br> You have the following items in your cart:
+<ol>
+<%
+    String[] items = cart.getItems();
+    for (int i=0; i<items.length; i++) {
+%>
+<li> <% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(items[i])); %>
+<%
+    }
+%>
+</ol>
+
+</FONT>
+
+<hr>
+<%@ include file ="carts.html" %>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c7add0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/carts.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;jsp:useBean id="cart" scope="session" class="sessions.DummyCart" />
+
+&lt;jsp:setProperty name="cart" property="*" />
+&lt;%
+    cart.processRequest();
+%>
+
+
+&lt;FONT size = 5 COLOR="#CC0000">
+&lt;br> You have the following items in your cart:
+&lt;ol>
+&lt;%
+    String[] items = cart.getItems();
+    for (int i=0; i&lt;items.length; i++) {
+%>
+&lt;li> &lt;% out.print(util.HTMLFilter.filter(items[i])); %>
+&lt;%
+    }
+%>
+&lt;/ol>
+
+&lt;/FONT>
+
+&lt;hr>
+&lt;%@ include file ="carts.html" %>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/crt.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/crt.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28804e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/crt.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="carts.html"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="carts.jsp.html">Source Code for Cart Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+<h3><a href="DummyCart.html">Property Sheet for DummyCart
+<font color="#0000FF"></a> </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..334b6bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.html
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="foo.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="foo.jsp.html">Source Code for the Simple Tag Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a31890c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<body>
+<%@ taglib uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib" prefix="eg"%>
+
+Radio stations that rock:
+
+<ul>
+<eg:foo att1="98.5" att2="92.3" att3="107.7">
+<li><%= member %></li>
+</eg:foo>
+</ul>
+
+<eg:log>
+Did you see me on the stderr window?
+</eg:log>
+
+<eg:log toBrowser="true">
+Did you see me on the browser window as well?
+</eg:log>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30c6272
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;body>
+&lt;%@ taglib uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib" prefix="eg"%>
+
+Radio stations that rock:
+
+&lt;ul>
+&lt;eg:foo att1="98.5" att2="92.3" att3="107.7">
+&lt;li>&lt;%= member %>&lt;/li>
+&lt;/eg:foo>
+&lt;/ul>
+
+&lt;eg:log>
+Did you see me on the stderr window?
+&lt;/eg:log>
+
+&lt;eg:log toBrowser="true">
+Did you see me on the browser window as well?
+&lt;/eg:log>
+
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c00aca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="snoop.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="snoop.jsp.html">Source Code for Request Parameters Example<font color="#0000FF">
+  </font></a></h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..500a648
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+<body bgcolor="white">
+<h1> Request Information </h1>
+<font size="4">
+JSP Request Method: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getMethod()) %>
+<br>
+Request URI: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRequestURI()) %>
+<br>
+Request Protocol: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getProtocol()) %>
+<br>
+Servlet path: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getServletPath()) %>
+<br>
+Path info: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getPathInfo()) %>
+<br>
+Query string: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getQueryString()) %>
+<br>
+Content length: <%= request.getContentLength() %>
+<br>
+Content type: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getContentType()) %>
+<br>
+Server name: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getServerName()) %>
+<br>
+Server port: <%= request.getServerPort() %>
+<br>
+Remote user: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteUser()) %>
+<br>
+Remote address: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteAddr()) %>
+<br>
+Remote host: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteHost()) %>
+<br>
+Authorization scheme: <%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getAuthType()) %>
+<br>
+Locale: <%= request.getLocale() %>
+<hr>
+The browser you are using is
+<%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getHeader("User-Agent")) %>
+<hr>
+</font>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad7be57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/snoop.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+&lt;body bgcolor="white">
+&lt;h1> Request Information &lt;/h1>
+&lt;font size="4">
+JSP Request Method: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getMethod()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Request URI: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRequestURI()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Request Protocol: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getProtocol()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Servlet path: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getServletPath()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Path info: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getPathInfo()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Query string: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getQueryString()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Content length: &lt;%= request.getContentLength() %>
+&lt;br>
+Content type: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getContentType()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Server name: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getServerName()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Server port: &lt;%= request.getServerPort() %>
+&lt;br>
+Remote user: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteUser()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Remote address: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteAddr()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Remote host: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getRemoteHost()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Authorization scheme: &lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getAuthType()) %>
+&lt;br>
+Locale: &lt;%= request.getLocale() %>
+&lt;hr>
+The browser you are using is
+&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getHeader("User-Agent")) %>
+&lt;hr>
+&lt;/font>
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/source.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/source.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12a660c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/source.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ taglib uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib"
+        prefix="eg" %>
+
+<eg:ShowSource jspFile="<%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getQueryString()) %>"/>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/source.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/source.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c3f367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/source.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;%@ taglib uri="http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib"
+        prefix="eg" %>
+
+&lt;eg:ShowSource jspFile="&lt;%= util.HTMLFilter.filter(request.getQueryString()) %>"/>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdec617
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF">
+  <a href="choose.jsp">
+    <img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+  <a href="../index.html">
+    <img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0">
+  </a></font>
+</p>
+
+<h3>
+  <a href="choose.jsp.html">Source Code for choose.jsp<font color="#0000FF"/></a>
+</h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52a9011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Tag Examples - choose</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Tag Plugin Examples - &lt;c:choose></h1>
+
+    <hr/>
+    <br/>
+    <a href="notes.html">Plugin Introductory Notes</a>
+    <br/>
+    <a href="howto.html">Brief Instructions for Writing Plugins</a>
+    <br/> <br/>
+    <hr/>
+
+    <br/>
+
+    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
+
+    <c:forEach var="index" begin="0" end="4">
+      # ${index}:
+      <c:choose>
+        <c:when test="${index == 1}">
+          One!<br/>
+        </c:when>
+        <c:when test="${index == 4}">
+          Four!<br/>
+        </c:when>
+        <c:when test="${index == 3}">
+          Three!<br/>
+        </c:when>
+        <c:otherwise>
+          Huh?<br/>
+        </c:otherwise>
+      </c:choose>
+    </c:forEach>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d70ede
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/choose.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>Tag Examples - choose&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>Tag Plugin Examples - &amp;lt;c:choose>&lt;/h1>
+
+    &lt;hr/>
+    &lt;br/>
+    &lt;a href="notes.html">Plugin Introductory Notes&lt;/a>
+    &lt;br/>
+    &lt;a href="howto.html">Brief Instructions for Writing Plugins&lt;/a>
+    &lt;br/> &lt;br/>
+    &lt;hr/>
+
+    &lt;br/>
+
+    &lt;%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
+
+    &lt;c:forEach var="index" begin="0" end="4">
+      # ${index}:
+      &lt;c:choose>
+        &lt;c:when test="${index == 1}">
+          One!&lt;br/>
+        &lt;/c:when>
+        &lt;c:when test="${index == 4}">
+          Four!&lt;br/>
+        &lt;/c:when>
+        &lt;c:when test="${index == 3}">
+          Three!&lt;br/>
+        &lt;/c:when>
+        &lt;c:otherwise>
+          Huh?&lt;br/>
+        &lt;/c:otherwise>
+      &lt;/c:choose>
+    &lt;/c:forEach>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1a9c1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF">
+  <a href="foreach.jsp">
+    <img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+  <a href="../index.html">
+    <img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0">
+  </a></font>
+</p>
+
+<h3>
+  <a href="foreach.jsp.html">Source Code for foreach.jsp<font color="#0000FF"/></a>
+</h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7a57c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Tag Plugin Examples: forEach</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Tag Plugin Examples - &lt;c:forEach></h1>
+
+    <hr/>
+    <br/>
+    <a href="notes.html">Plugin Introductory Notes</a>
+    <br/>
+    <a href="howto.html">Brief Instructions for Writing Plugins</a>
+    <br/> <br/>
+    <hr/>
+
+    <br/>
+
+    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
+    <%@ page import="java.util.Vector" %>
+
+    <h3>Iterating over a range</h3>
+    <c:forEach var="item" begin="1" end="10">
+        ${item}
+    </c:forEach>
+
+    <% Vector v = new Vector();
+        v.add("One"); v.add("Two"); v.add("Three"); v.add("Four");
+
+        pageContext.setAttribute("vector", v);
+    %>
+
+    <h3>Iterating over a Vector</h3>
+
+    <c:forEach items="${vector}" var="item" >
+        ${item}
+    </c:forEach>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f63f15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/foreach.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>Tag Plugin Examples: forEach&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>Tag Plugin Examples - &amp;lt;c:forEach>&lt;/h1>
+
+    &lt;hr/>
+    &lt;br/>
+    &lt;a href="notes.html">Plugin Introductory Notes&lt;/a>
+    &lt;br/>
+    &lt;a href="howto.html">Brief Instructions for Writing Plugins&lt;/a>
+    &lt;br/> &lt;br/>
+    &lt;hr/>
+
+    &lt;br/>
+
+    &lt;%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
+    &lt;%@ page import="java.util.Vector" %>
+
+    &lt;h3>Iterating over a range&lt;/h3>
+    &lt;c:forEach var="item" begin="1" end="10">
+        ${item}
+    &lt;/c:forEach>
+
+    &lt;% Vector v = new Vector();
+        v.add("One"); v.add("Two"); v.add("Three"); v.add("Four");
+
+        pageContext.setAttribute("vector", v);
+    %>
+
+    &lt;h3>Iterating over a Vector&lt;/h3>
+
+    &lt;c:forEach items="${vector}" var="item" >
+        ${item}
+    &lt;/c:forEach>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/howto.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/howto.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a193228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/howto.html
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Tag Plugin Implementation</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h2>How to write tag plugins</h2>
+    <p>
+      To write a plugin, you'll need to download the source for Tomcat.
+      There are two steps:
+    <ol>
+      <li>
+        Implement the plugin class.<p/>
+        This class, which implements
+        <tt>org.apache.jasper.compiler.tagplugin.TagPlugin</tt>
+        instructs Jasper what Java codes to generate in place of the tag
+        handler calls.
+        See Javadoc for <tt>org.apache.jasper.compiler.tagplugin.TagPlugin</tt>
+        for details.
+      </li>
+
+      <li>
+        Create the plugin descriptor file <tt> WEB-INF/tagPlugins.xml</tt><p/>
+        This file
+        specifies the plugin classes and their corresponding tag handler
+        classes.
+      </li>
+    </ol>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a338e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>View Source Code</title>
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF">
+  <a href="if.jsp">
+    <img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a>
+  <a href="../index.html">
+    <img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0">
+  </a></font>
+</p>
+
+<h3>
+  <a href="if.jsp.html">Source Code for if.jsp<font color="#0000FF"/></a>
+</h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70ad14e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Tag Plugin Examples: if</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>Tag Plugin Examples - &lt;c:if></h1>
+
+    <hr/>
+    <br/>
+    <a href="notes.html">Plugin Introductory Notes</a>
+    <br/>
+    <a href="howto.html">Brief Instructions for Writing Plugins</a>
+    <br/> <br/>
+    <hr/>
+
+    <br/>
+    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
+
+    <h3>Set the test result to a variable</h3>
+    <c:if test="${1==1}" var="theTruth" scope="page"/>
+    The result of testing for (1==1) is: ${theTruth}
+
+    <h3>Conditionally execute the body</h3>
+    <c:if test="${2>0}">
+        <p>It's true that (2>0)! Working.</p>
+    </c:if>
+    <c:if test="${0>2}">
+        <p>It's not true that (0>2)! Failed.</p>
+    </c:if>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca05498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/if.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+&lt;html>
+  &lt;head>
+    &lt;title>Tag Plugin Examples: if&lt;/title>
+  &lt;/head>
+  &lt;body>
+    &lt;h1>Tag Plugin Examples - &amp;lt;c:if>&lt;/h1>
+
+    &lt;hr/>
+    &lt;br/>
+    &lt;a href="notes.html">Plugin Introductory Notes&lt;/a>
+    &lt;br/>
+    &lt;a href="howto.html">Brief Instructions for Writing Plugins&lt;/a>
+    &lt;br/> &lt;br/>
+    &lt;hr/>
+
+    &lt;br/>
+    &lt;%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
+
+    &lt;h3>Set the test result to a variable&lt;/h3>
+    &lt;c:if test="${1==1}" var="theTruth" scope="page"/>
+    The result of testing for (1==1) is: ${theTruth}
+
+    &lt;h3>Conditionally execute the body&lt;/h3>
+    &lt;c:if test="${2>0}">
+        &lt;p>It's true that (2>0)! Working.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;/c:if>
+    &lt;c:if test="${0>2}">
+        &lt;p>It's not true that (0>2)! Failed.&lt;/p>
+    &lt;/c:if>
+  &lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/notes.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/notes.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b10d40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/notes.html
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Tag Plugin Introduction</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h2>Tag Plugins: Introductory Notes</h2>
+    <p>
+      Tomcat provides a framework for implementing tag plugins.  The
+      plugins instruct Jasper, at translation time, to replace tag handler
+      calls with Java scriptlets.
+      The framework allows tag library authors to implement plugins for
+      their tags.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Tomcat is released with plugins for several JSTL tags.  Note
+      that these plugins work with JSTL 1.1 as well as JSTL 1.0, though
+      the examples uses JSTL 1.1 and JSP 2.0.
+      These plugins are not complete (for instance, some item types are not
+      handled in &lt;c:if>).
+      They do serve as examples to show plugins in action (just
+      examine the generated Java files), and how they can be implemented.
+    </p>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80907a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<html>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="xml.jsp"><img src="../images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="../index.html"><img src="../images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+
+<h3><a href="xml.jsp.html">Source Code for XML syntax Example<font color="#0000FF"></a>
+  </font> </h3>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.jsp b/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b0c1fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page"
+  version="1.2">
+<jsp:directive.page contentType="text/html"/>
+<jsp:directive.page import="java.util.Date, java.util.Locale"/>
+<jsp:directive.page import="java.text.*"/>
+
+<jsp:declaration>
+  String getDateTimeStr(Locale l) {
+    DateFormat df = SimpleDateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.MEDIUM, DateFormat.MEDIUM, l);
+    return df.format(new Date());
+  }
+</jsp:declaration>
+
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Example JSP in XML format</title>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+This is the output of a simple JSP using XML format.
+<br />
+
+<div>Use a jsp:scriptlet to loop from 1 to 10: </div>
+<jsp:scriptlet>
+// Note we need to declare CDATA because we don't escape the less than symbol
+<![CDATA[
+  for (int i = 1; i<=10; i++) {
+    out.println(i);
+    if (i < 10) {
+      out.println(", ");
+    }
+  }
+]]>
+</jsp:scriptlet>
+
+<!-- Because I omit br's end tag, declare it as CDATA -->
+<![CDATA[
+  <br><br>
+]]>
+
+<div align="left">
+  Use a jsp:expression to write the date and time in the browser's locale:
+  <jsp:expression>getDateTimeStr(request.getLocale())</jsp:expression>
+</div>
+
+
+<jsp:text>
+  &lt;p&gt;This sentence is enclosed in a jsp:text element.&lt;/p&gt;
+</jsp:text>
+
+</body>
+</html>
+</jsp:root>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.jsp.html b/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.jsp.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0b8274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/xml.jsp.html
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<html><body><pre>
+&lt;?xml version="1.0"?>
+&lt;!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+&lt;jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page"
+  version="1.2">
+&lt;jsp:directive.page contentType="text/html"/>
+&lt;jsp:directive.page import="java.util.Date, java.util.Locale"/>
+&lt;jsp:directive.page import="java.text.*"/>
+
+&lt;jsp:declaration>
+  String getDateTimeStr(Locale l) {
+    DateFormat df = SimpleDateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.MEDIUM, DateFormat.MEDIUM, l);
+    return df.format(new Date());
+  }
+&lt;/jsp:declaration>
+
+&lt;html>
+&lt;head>
+  &lt;title>Example JSP in XML format&lt;/title>
+&lt;/head>
+
+&lt;body>
+This is the output of a simple JSP using XML format.
+&lt;br />
+
+&lt;div>Use a jsp:scriptlet to loop from 1 to 10: &lt;/div>
+&lt;jsp:scriptlet>
+// Note we need to declare CDATA because we don't escape the less than symbol
+&lt;![CDATA[
+  for (int i = 1; i&lt;=10; i++) {
+    out.println(i);
+    if (i &lt; 10) {
+      out.println(", ");
+    }
+  }
+]]>
+&lt;/jsp:scriptlet>
+
+&lt;!-- Because I omit br's end tag, declare it as CDATA -->
+&lt;![CDATA[
+  &lt;br>&lt;br>
+]]>
+
+&lt;div align="left">
+  Use a jsp:expression to write the date and time in the browser's locale:
+  &lt;jsp:expression>getDateTimeStr(request.getLocale())&lt;/jsp:expression>
+&lt;/div>
+
+
+&lt;jsp:text>
+  &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This sentence is enclosed in a jsp:text element.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
+&lt;/jsp:text>
+
+&lt;/body>
+&lt;/html>
+&lt;/jsp:root>
+</pre></body></html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/cookies.html b/webapps/examples/servlets/cookies.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91ee584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/cookies.html
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="servlet/CookieExample"><img src="images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="index.html"><img src="images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+<h3>Source Code for Cookie Example<font color="#0000FF"><br>
+  </font> </h3>
+<font color="#0000FF"></font>
+<pre><font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.io.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.http.*;
+
+<font color="#0000FF">public class</font> CookieExample <font color="#0000FF">extends</font> HttpServlet {
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType(&quot;<font color="#009900">text/html</font>&quot;);
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+
+        <font color="#CC0000">// print out cookies</font>
+
+        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
+        for (int i = 0; i &lt; cookies.length; i++) {
+            Cookie c = cookies[i];
+            String name = c.getName();
+            String value = c.getValue();
+            out.println(name + &quot;<font color="#009900"> = </font>&quot; + value);
+        }
+
+        <font color="#CC0000">// set a cookie</font>
+
+        String name = request.getParameter(&quot;<font color="#009900">cookieName</font>&quot;);
+        if (name != null &amp;&amp; name.length() &gt; 0) {
+            String value = request.getParameter(&quot;<font color="#009900">cookieValue</font>&quot;);
+            Cookie c = new Cookie(name, value);
+            response.addCookie(c);
+        }
+    }
+}</pre>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/helloworld.html b/webapps/examples/servlets/helloworld.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e30810a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/helloworld.html
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="servlet/HelloWorldExample"><img src="images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="index.html"><img src="images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+<h3>Source Code for HelloWorld Example<font color="#0000FF"><br>
+  </font> </h3>
+<font color="#0000FF"></font>
+<pre><font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.io.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.http.*;
+
+<font color="#0000FF">public class</font> HelloWorld <font color="#0000FF">extends</font> HttpServlet {
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType(&quot;<font color="#009900">text/html</font>&quot;);
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;html&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;head&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;title&gt;Hello World!&lt;/title&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/head&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;body&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;h1&gt;Hello World!&lt;/h1&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/body&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/html&gt;</font>&quot;);
+    }
+}</pre>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/images/code.gif b/webapps/examples/servlets/images/code.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93af2cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/images/code.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/images/execute.gif b/webapps/examples/servlets/images/execute.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f64d70f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/images/execute.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/images/return.gif b/webapps/examples/servlets/images/return.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af4f68f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/images/return.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/index.html b/webapps/examples/servlets/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b778706
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
+<html>
+<head>
+   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+   <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.61 [en] (WinNT; I) [Netscape]">
+   <meta name="Author" content="Anil K. Vijendran">
+   <title>Servlet Examples</title>
+</head>
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<b><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size=+2>Servlet
+Examples with Code</font></font></b>
+<p>This is a collection of examples which demonstrate some of the more
+frequently used parts of the Servlet API. Familiarity with the Java(tm)
+Programming Language is assumed.
+<p>These examples will only work when viewed via an http URL. They will
+not work if you are viewing these pages via a "file://..." URL. Please
+refer to the <i>README</i> file provide with this Tomcat release regarding
+how to configure and start the provided web server.
+<p>Wherever you see a form, enter some data and see how the servlet reacts.
+When playing with the Cookie and Session Examples, jump back to the Headers
+Example to see exactly what your browser is sending the server.
+<p>To navigate your way through the examples, the following icons will
+help:
+<br>&nbsp;
+<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=5 WIDTH="85%" >
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td WIDTH="30"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" ></td>
+
+<td>Execute the example</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td WIDTH="30"><img SRC="images/code.gif" height=24 width=24></td>
+
+<td>Look at the source code for the example</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td WIDTH="30"><img SRC="images/return.gif" height=24 width=24></td>
+
+<td>Return to this screen</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Tip: To see the cookie interactions with your browser, try turning on
+the "notify when setting a cookie" option in your browser preferences.
+This will let you see when a session is created and give some feedback
+when looking at the cookie demo.
+<br>&nbsp;
+<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=5 WIDTH="85%" >
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Hello World</td>
+
+<td VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="30%"><a href="servlet/HelloWorldExample"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="servlet/HelloWorldExample">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="helloworld.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="helloworld.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Request Info</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="servlet/RequestInfoExample"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="servlet/RequestInfoExample">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="reqinfo.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="reqinfo.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Request Headers</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="servlet/RequestHeaderExample"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="servlet/RequestHeaderExample">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="reqheaders.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="reqheaders.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Request Parameters</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="servlet/RequestParamExample"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="servlet/RequestParamExample">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="reqparams.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="reqparams.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Cookies</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="servlet/CookieExample"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="servlet/CookieExample">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="cookies.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="cookies.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr VALIGN=TOP>
+<td>Sessions</td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="servlet/SessionExample"><img SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0  align=TOP></a><a href="servlet/SessionExample">Execute</a></td>
+
+<td WIDTH="30%"><a href="sessions.html"><img SRC="images/code.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 height=24 width=24 align=TOP></a><a href="sessions.html">Source</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Note: The source code for these examples does not contain all of the
+source code that is actually in the example, only the important sections
+of code. Code not important to understand the example has been removed
+for clarity.
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/reqheaders.html b/webapps/examples/servlets/reqheaders.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cb80c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/reqheaders.html
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="servlet/RequestHeaderExample"><img src="images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="index.html"><img src="images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+<h3>Source Code for RequestHeader Example<font color="#0000FF"><br>
+  </font> </h3>
+<font color="#0000FF"></font>
+<pre><font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.io.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.util.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.http.*;
+
+<font color="#0000FF">public class</font> RequestHeaderExample <font color="#0000FF">extends</font> HttpServlet {
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType(&quot;<font color="#009900">text/html</font>&quot;);
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        Enumeration e = request.getHeaderNames();
+        while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+            String name = (String)e.nextElement();
+            String value = request.getHeader(name);
+            out.println(name + &quot;<font color="#009900"> = </font>&quot; + value);
+        }
+    }
+}</pre>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/reqinfo.html b/webapps/examples/servlets/reqinfo.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97a54ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/reqinfo.html
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="servlet/RequestInfoExample"><img src="images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="index.html"><img src="images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+<h3>Source Code for Request Info Example<font color="#0000FF"><br>
+  </font> </h3>
+<font color="#0000FF"></font>
+<pre><font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.io.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.http.*;
+
+<font color="#0000FF">public class</font> RequestInfo <font color="#0000FF">extends</font> HttpServlet {
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType(&quot;<font color="#009900">text/html</font>&quot;);
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;html&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;body&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;head&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;title&gt;Request Information Example&lt;/title&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/head&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;body&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;h3&gt;Request Information Example&lt;/h3&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Method: </font>&quot; + request.getMethod());
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Request URI: </font>&quot; + request.getRequestURI());
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Protocol: </font>&quot; + request.getProtocol());
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">PathInfo: </font>&quot; + request.getPathInfo());
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Remote Address: </font>&quot; + request.getRemoteAddr());
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/body&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/html&gt;</font>&quot;);
+    }
+
+<font color="#FF0000">    /**
+     * We are going to perform the same operations for POST requests
+     * as for GET methods, so this method just sends the request to
+     * the doGet method.
+     */</font>
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        doGet(request, response);
+    }
+}</pre>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/reqparams.html b/webapps/examples/servlets/reqparams.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42ec507
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/reqparams.html
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="servlet/RequestParamExample"><img src="images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="index.html"><img src="images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+<h3>Source Code for Request Parameter Example<font color="#0000FF"><br>
+  </font> </h3>
+<font color="#0000FF"></font>
+<pre><font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.io.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.util.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.http.*;
+
+<font color="#0000FF">public class</font> RequestParamExample <font color="#0000FF">extends</font> HttpServlet {
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType(&quot;<font color="#009900">text/html</font>&quot;);
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;html&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;head&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;title&gt;Request Parameters Example&lt;/title&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/head&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;body&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;h3&gt;Request Parameters Example&lt;/h3&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Parameters in this request:&lt;br&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        if (firstName != null || lastName != null) {
+            out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">First Name:</font>&quot;);
+            out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900"> = </font>&quot; + HTMLFilter.filter(firstName) + &quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;br&gt;</font>&quot;);
+            out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Last Name:</font>&quot;);
+            out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900"> = </font>&quot; + HTMLFilter.filter(lastName));
+        } else {
+            out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">No Parameters, Please enter some</font>&quot;);
+        }
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;P&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.print(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;form action=\"</font>&quot;);
+        out.print(&quot;<font color="#009900">RequestParamExample\" </font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">method=POST&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">First Name:</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;input type=text size=20 name=firstname&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;br&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Last Name:</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;input type=text size=20 name=lastname&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;br&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;input type=submit&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/form&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/body&gt;</font>&quot;);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">&lt;/html&gt;</font>&quot;);
+    }
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse res)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        doGet(request, response);
+    }
+}</pre>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/servlets/sessions.html b/webapps/examples/servlets/sessions.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..febef83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/servlets/sessions.html
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Untitled Document</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
+<p><font color="#0000FF"><a href="servlet/SessionExample"><img src="images/execute.gif" align="right" border="0"></a><a href="index.html"><img src="images/return.gif" width="24" height="24" align="right" border="0"></a></font></p>
+<h3>Source Code for Session Example<font color="#0000FF"><br>
+  </font> </h3>
+<font color="#0000FF"></font>
+<pre><font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.io.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> java.util.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.*;
+<font color="#0000FF">import</font> javax.servlet.http.*;
+
+<font color="#0000FF">public class</font> SessionExample <font color="#0000FF">extends</font> HttpServlet {
+
+    <font color="#0000FF">public void</font> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    <font color="#0000FF">throws</font> IOException, ServletException
+    {
+        response.setContentType(&quot;<font color="#009900">text/html</font>&quot;);
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+
+        HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
+
+        <font color="#CC0000">// print session info</font>
+
+        Date created = new Date(session.getCreationTime());
+        Date accessed = new Date(session.getLastAccessedTime());
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">ID </font>&quot; + session.getId());
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Created: </font>&quot; + created);
+        out.println(&quot;<font color="#009900">Last Accessed: </font>&quot; + accessed);
+
+        <font color="#CC0000">// set session info if needed</font>
+
+        String dataName = request.getParameter(&quot;<font color="#009900">dataName</font>&quot;);
+        if (dataName != null &amp;&amp; dataName.length() &gt; 0) {
+            String dataValue = request.getParameter(&quot;<font color="#009900">dataValue</font>&quot;);
+            session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);
+        }
+
+        // print session contents
+
+        Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();
+        while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+            String name = (String)e.nextElement();
+            String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();
+            out.println(name + &quot; <font color="#009900">= </font>&quot; + value);
+        }
+    }
+}</pre>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/examples/websocket/chat.html b/webapps/examples/websocket/chat.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b835b14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/websocket/chat.html
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Apache Tomcat WebSocket Examples: Chat</title>
+    <style type="text/css">
+        input#chat {
+            width: 410px
+        }
+
+        #console-container {
+            width: 400px;
+        }
+
+        #console {
+            border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+            border-right-color: #999999;
+            border-bottom-color: #999999;
+            height: 170px;
+            overflow-y: scroll;
+            padding: 5px;
+            width: 100%;
+        }
+
+        #console p {
+            padding: 0;
+            margin: 0;
+        }
+    </style>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+        var Chat = {};
+
+        Chat.socket = null;
+
+        Chat.connect = (function(host) {
+            if ('WebSocket' in window) {
+                Chat.socket = new WebSocket(host);
+            } else if ('MozWebSocket' in window) {
+                Chat.socket = new MozWebSocket(host);
+            } else {
+                Console.log('Error: WebSocket is not supported by this browser.');
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Chat.socket.onopen = function () {
+                Console.log('Info: WebSocket connection opened.');
+                document.getElementById('chat').onkeydown = function(event) {
+                    if (event.keyCode == 13) {
+                        Chat.sendMessage();
+                    }
+                };
+            };
+
+            Chat.socket.onclose = function () {
+                document.getElementById('chat').onkeydown = null;
+                Console.log('Info: WebSocket closed.');
+            };
+
+            Chat.socket.onmessage = function (message) {
+                Console.log(message.data);
+            };
+        });
+
+        Chat.initialize = function() {
+            if (window.location.protocol == 'http:') {
+                Chat.connect('ws://' + window.location.host + '/examples/websocket/chat');
+            } else {
+                Chat.connect('wss://' + window.location.host + '/examples/websocket/chat');
+            }
+        };
+
+        Chat.sendMessage = (function() {
+            var message = document.getElementById('chat').value;
+            if (message != '') {
+                Chat.socket.send(message);
+                document.getElementById('chat').value = '';
+            }
+        });
+
+        var Console = {};
+
+        Console.log = (function(message) {
+            var console = document.getElementById('console');
+            var p = document.createElement('p');
+            p.style.wordWrap = 'break-word';
+            p.innerHTML = message;
+            console.appendChild(p);
+            while (console.childNodes.length > 25) {
+                console.removeChild(console.firstChild);
+            }
+            console.scrollTop = console.scrollHeight;
+        });
+
+        Chat.initialize();
+
+    </script>
+</head>
+<body>
+<noscript><h2 style="color: #ff0000">Seems your browser doesn't support Javascript! Websockets rely on Javascript being enabled. Please enable
+    Javascript and reload this page!</h2></noscript>
+<div>
+    <p>
+        <input type="text" placeholder="type and press enter to chat" id="chat">
+    </p>
+    <div id="console-container">
+        <div id="console"></div>
+    </div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/websocket/echo.html b/webapps/examples/websocket/echo.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8927a7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/websocket/echo.html
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Apache Tomcat WebSocket Examples: Echo</title>
+    <style type="text/css">
+        #connect-container {
+            float: left;
+            width: 400px
+        }
+
+        #connect-container div {
+            padding: 5px;
+        }
+
+        #console-container {
+            float: left;
+            margin-left: 15px;
+            width: 400px;
+        }
+
+        #console {
+            border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+            border-right-color: #999999;
+            border-bottom-color: #999999;
+            height: 170px;
+            overflow-y: scroll;
+            padding: 5px;
+            width: 100%;
+        }
+
+        #console p {
+            padding: 0;
+            margin: 0;
+        }
+    </style>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+        var ws = null;
+
+        function setConnected(connected) {
+            document.getElementById('connect').disabled = connected;
+            document.getElementById('disconnect').disabled = !connected;
+            document.getElementById('echo').disabled = !connected;
+        }
+
+        function connect() {
+            var target = document.getElementById('target').value;
+            if (target == '') {
+                alert('Please select server side connection implementation.');
+                return;
+            }
+            if ('WebSocket' in window) {
+                ws = new WebSocket(target);
+            } else if ('MozWebSocket' in window) {
+                ws = new MozWebSocket(target);
+            } else {
+                alert('WebSocket is not supported by this browser.');
+                return;
+            }
+            ws.onopen = function () {
+                setConnected(true);
+                log('Info: WebSocket connection opened.');
+            };
+            ws.onmessage = function (event) {
+                log('Received: ' + event.data);
+            };
+            ws.onclose = function () {
+                setConnected(false);
+                log('Info: WebSocket connection closed.');
+            };
+        }
+
+        function disconnect() {
+            if (ws != null) {
+                ws.close();
+                ws = null;
+            }
+            setConnected(false);
+        }
+
+        function echo() {
+            if (ws != null) {
+                var message = document.getElementById('message').value;
+                log('Sent: ' + message);
+                ws.send(message);
+            } else {
+                alert('WebSocket connection not established, please connect.');
+            }
+        }
+
+        function updateTarget(target) {
+            if (window.location.protocol == 'http:') {
+                document.getElementById('target').value = 'ws://' + window.location.host + target;
+            } else {
+                document.getElementById('target').value = 'wss://' + window.location.host + target;
+            }
+        }
+
+        function log(message) {
+            var console = document.getElementById('console');
+            var p = document.createElement('p');
+            p.style.wordWrap = 'break-word';
+            p.appendChild(document.createTextNode(message));
+            console.appendChild(p);
+            while (console.childNodes.length > 25) {
+                console.removeChild(console.firstChild);
+            }
+            console.scrollTop = console.scrollHeight;
+        }
+    </script>
+</head>
+<body>
+<noscript><h2 style="color: #ff0000">Seems your browser doesn't support Javascript! Websockets rely on Javascript being enabled. Please enable
+    Javascript and reload this page!</h2></noscript>
+<div>
+    <div id="connect-container">
+        <div>
+            <span>Connect using:</span>
+            <!-- echo example using streams on the server side -->
+            <input id="radio1" type="radio" name="group1" value="/examples/websocket/echoStream"
+                   onclick="updateTarget(this.value);"> <label for="radio1">streams</label>
+            <!-- echo example using messages on the server side -->
+            <input id="radio2" type="radio" name="group1" value="/examples/websocket/echoMessage"
+                   onclick="updateTarget(this.value);"> <label for="radio2">messages</label>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+            <input id="target" type="text" size="40" style="width: 350px"/>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+            <button id="connect" onclick="connect();">Connect</button>
+            <button id="disconnect" disabled="disabled" onclick="disconnect();">Disconnect</button>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+            <textarea id="message" style="width: 350px">Here is a message!</textarea>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+            <button id="echo" onclick="echo();" disabled="disabled">Echo message</button>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+    <div id="console-container">
+        <div id="console"></div>
+    </div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/websocket/index.html b/webapps/examples/websocket/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b18770
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/websocket/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html">
+    <title>Apache Tomcat WebSocket Examples</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h3>Apache Tomcat WebSocket Examples</h3>
+<ul>
+    <li><a href="echo.html">Echo example</a></li>
+    <li><a href="chat.html">Chat example</a></li>
+    <li><a href="snake.html">Multiplayer snake example</a></li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/examples/websocket/snake.html b/webapps/examples/websocket/snake.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7240de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/examples/websocket/snake.html
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
+    <title>Apache Tomcat WebSocket Examples: Multiplayer Snake</title>
+    <style type="text/css">
+        #playground {
+            width: 640px;
+            height: 480px;
+            background-color: #000;
+        }
+
+        #console-container {
+            float: left;
+            margin-left: 15px;
+            width: 300px;
+        }
+
+        #console {
+            border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+            border-right-color: #999999;
+            border-bottom-color: #999999;
+            height: 480px;
+            overflow-y: scroll;
+            padding-left: 5px;
+            padding-right: 5px;
+            width: 100%;
+        }
+
+        #console p {
+            padding: 0;
+            margin: 0;
+        }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <noscript><h2 style="color: #ff0000">Seems your browser doesn't support Javascript! Websockets rely on Javascript being enabled. Please enable
+    Javascript and reload this page!</h2></noscript>
+    <div style="float: left">
+        <canvas id="playground" width="640" height="480"></canvas>
+    </div>
+    <div id="console-container">
+        <div id="console"></div>
+    </div>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+
+        var Game = {};
+
+        Game.fps = 30;
+        Game.socket = null;
+        Game.nextFrame = null;
+        Game.interval = null;
+        Game.direction = 'none';
+        Game.gridSize = 10;
+
+        function Snake() {
+            this.snakeBody = [];
+            this.color = null;
+        }
+
+        Snake.prototype.draw = function(context) {
+            for (var id in this.snakeBody) {
+                context.fillStyle = this.color;
+                context.fillRect(this.snakeBody[id].x, this.snakeBody[id].y, Game.gridSize, Game.gridSize);
+            }
+        };
+
+        Game.initialize = function() {
+            this.entities = [];
+            canvas = document.getElementById('playground');
+            if (!canvas.getContext) {
+                Console.log('Error: 2d canvas not supported by this browser.');
+                return;
+            }
+            this.context = canvas.getContext('2d');
+            window.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) {
+                var code = e.keyCode;
+                if (code > 36 && code < 41) {
+                    switch (code) {
+                        case 37:
+                            if (Game.direction != 'east') Game.setDirection('west');
+                            break;
+                        case 38:
+                            if (Game.direction != 'south') Game.setDirection('north');
+                            break;
+                        case 39:
+                            if (Game.direction != 'west') Game.setDirection('east');
+                            break;
+                        case 40:
+                            if (Game.direction != 'north') Game.setDirection('south');
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }, false);
+            if (window.location.protocol == 'http:') {
+                Game.connect('ws://' + window.location.host + '/examples/websocket/snake');
+            } else {
+                Game.connect('wss://' + window.location.host + '/examples/websocket/snake');
+            }
+        };
+
+        Game.setDirection  = function(direction) {
+            Game.direction = direction;
+            Game.socket.send(direction);
+            Console.log('Sent: Direction ' + direction);
+        };
+
+        Game.startGameLoop = function() {
+            if (window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame) {
+                Game.nextFrame = function () {
+                    webkitRequestAnimationFrame(Game.run);
+                };
+            } else if (window.mozRequestAnimationFrame) {
+                Game.nextFrame = function () {
+                    mozRequestAnimationFrame(Game.run);
+                };
+            } else {
+                Game.interval = setInterval(Game.run, 1000 / Game.fps);
+            }
+            if (Game.nextFrame != null) {
+                Game.nextFrame();
+            }
+        };
+
+        Game.stopGameLoop = function () {
+            Game.nextFrame = null;
+            if (Game.interval != null) {
+                clearInterval(Game.interval);
+            }
+        };
+
+        Game.draw = function() {
+            this.context.clearRect(0, 0, 640, 480);
+            for (var id in this.entities) {
+                this.entities[id].draw(this.context);
+            }
+        };
+
+        Game.addSnake = function(id, color) {
+            Game.entities[id] = new Snake();
+            Game.entities[id].color = color;
+        };
+
+        Game.updateSnake = function(id, snakeBody) {
+            if (typeof Game.entities[id] != "undefined") {
+                Game.entities[id].snakeBody = snakeBody;
+            }
+        };
+
+        Game.removeSnake = function(id) {
+            Game.entities[id] = null;
+            // Force GC.
+            delete Game.entities[id];
+        };
+
+        Game.run = (function() {
+            var skipTicks = 1000 / Game.fps, nextGameTick = (new Date).getTime();
+
+            return function() {
+                while ((new Date).getTime() > nextGameTick) {
+                    nextGameTick += skipTicks;
+                }
+                Game.draw();
+                if (Game.nextFrame != null) {
+                    Game.nextFrame();
+                }
+            };
+        })();
+
+        Game.connect = (function(host) {
+            if ('WebSocket' in window) {
+                Game.socket = new WebSocket(host);
+            } else if ('MozWebSocket' in window) {
+                Game.socket = new MozWebSocket(host);
+            } else {
+                Console.log('Error: WebSocket is not supported by this browser.');
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Game.socket.onopen = function () {
+                // Socket open.. start the game loop.
+                Console.log('Info: WebSocket connection opened.');
+                Console.log('Info: Press an arrow key to begin.');
+                Game.startGameLoop();
+                setInterval(function() {
+                    // Prevent server read timeout.
+                    Game.socket.send('ping');
+                }, 5000);
+            };
+
+            Game.socket.onclose = function () {
+                Console.log('Info: WebSocket closed.');
+                Game.stopGameLoop();
+            };
+
+            Game.socket.onmessage = function (message) {
+                // _Potential_ security hole, consider using json lib to parse data in production.
+                var packet = eval('(' + message.data + ')');
+                switch (packet.type) {
+                    case 'update':
+                        for (var i = 0; i < packet.data.length; i++) {
+                            Game.updateSnake(packet.data[i].id, packet.data[i].body);
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case 'join':
+                        for (var j = 0; j < packet.data.length; j++) {
+                            Game.addSnake(packet.data[j].id, packet.data[j].color);
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case 'leave':
+                        Game.removeSnake(packet.id);
+                        break;
+                    case 'dead':
+                        Console.log('Info: Your snake is dead, bad luck!');
+                        Game.direction = 'none';
+                        break;
+                    case 'kill':
+                        Console.log('Info: Head shot!');
+                        break;
+                }
+            };
+        });
+
+        var Console = {};
+
+        Console.log = (function(message) {
+            var console = document.getElementById('console');
+            var p = document.createElement('p');
+            p.style.wordWrap = 'break-word';
+            p.innerHTML = message;
+            console.appendChild(p);
+            while (console.childNodes.length > 25) {
+                console.removeChild(console.firstChild);
+            }
+            console.scrollTop = console.scrollHeight;
+        });
+
+        Game.initialize();
+    </script>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/context.xml b/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/context.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c31d376
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/context.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
+  <!--
+    Remove the comment markers from around the Valve below to limit access to
+    the host-manager application to clients connecting from localhost
+  -->
+  <!--
+  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+         allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
+  -->
+</Context>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc608d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+ <head>
+  <title>401 Unauthorized</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    <!--
+    BODY {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:black;background-color:white;font-size:12px;}
+    H1 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;}
+    PRE, TT {border: 1px dotted #525D76}
+    A {color : black;}A.name {color : black;}
+    -->
+  </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+   <h1>401 Unauthorized</h1>
+   <p>
+    You are not authorized to view this page. If you have not changed
+    any configuration files, please examine the file
+    <tt>conf/tomcat-users.xml</tt> in your installation. That
+    file must contain the credentials to let you use this webapp.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    For example, to add the <tt>admin-gui</tt> role to a user named
+    <tt>tomcat</tt> with a password of <tt>s3cret</tt>, add the following to the
+    config file listed above.
+   </p>
+<pre>
+&lt;role rolename="admin-gui"/&gt;
+&lt;user username="tomcat" password="s3cret" roles="admin-gui"/&gt;
+</pre>
+   <p>
+    Note that for Tomcat 7 onwards, the roles required to use the host manager
+    application were changed from the single <tt>admin</tt> role to the
+    following two roles. You will need to assign the role(s) required for
+    the functionality you wish to access.
+   </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><tt>admin-gui</tt> - allows access to the HTML GUI</li>
+      <li><tt>admin-script</tt> - allows access to the text interface</li>
+    </ul>
+   <p>
+    The HTML interface is protected against CSRF but the text interface is not.
+    To maintain the CSRF protection:
+   </p>
+   <ul>
+    <li>Users with the <tt>admin-gui</tt> role should not be granted the
+       <tt>admin-script</tt> role.</li>
+    <li>If the text interface is accessed through a browser (e.g. for testing
+        since this interface is intended for tools not humans) then the browser
+        must be closed afterwards to terminate the session.</li>
+   </ul>
+ </body>
+
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60f998a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+ <head>
+  <title>403 Access Denied</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    <!--
+    BODY {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:black;background-color:white;font-size:12px;}
+    H1 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;}
+    PRE, TT {border: 1px dotted #525D76}
+    A {color : black;}A.name {color : black;}
+    -->
+  </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+   <h1>403 Access Denied</h1>
+   <p>
+    You are not authorized to view this page.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    If you have already configured the Host Manager application to allow access
+    and you have used your browsers back button, used a saved book-mark or
+    similar then you may have triggered the cross-site request forgery (CSRF)
+    protection that has been enabled for the HTML interface of the Host Manager
+    application. You will need to reset this protection by returning to the
+    <a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/html">main Host Manager page</a>.
+    Once you return to this page, you will be able to continue using the Host
+    Manager appliction's HTML interface normally. If you continue to see this
+    access denied message, check that you have the necessary permissions to
+    access this application.
+   </p>
+   <p> If you have not changed
+    any configuration files, please examine the file
+    <tt>conf/tomcat-users.xml</tt> in your installation. That
+    file must contain the credentials to let you use this webapp.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    For example, to add the <tt>admin-gui</tt> role to a user named
+    <tt>tomcat</tt> with a password of <tt>s3cret</tt>, add the following to the
+    config file listed above.
+   </p>
+<pre>
+&lt;role rolename="admin-gui"/&gt;
+&lt;user username="tomcat" password="s3cret" roles="admin-gui"/&gt;
+</pre>
+   <p>
+    Note that for Tomcat 7 onwards, the roles required to use the host manager
+    application were changed from the single <tt>admin</tt> role to the
+    following two roles. You will need to assign the role(s) required for
+    the functionality you wish to access.
+   </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><tt>admin-gui</tt> - allows access to the HTML GUI</li>
+      <li><tt>admin-script</tt> - allows access to the text interface</li>
+    </ul>
+   <p>
+    The HTML interface is protected against CSRF but the text interface is not.
+    To maintain the CSRF protection:
+   </p>
+   <ul>
+    <li>Users with the <tt>admin-gui</tt> role should not be granted the
+       <tt>admin-script</tt> role.</li>
+    <li>If the text interface is accessed through a browser (e.g. for testing
+        since this interface is intended for tools not humans) then the browser
+        must be closed afterwards to terminate the session.</li>
+   </ul>
+ </body>
+
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d364d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ page import="org.apache.catalina.util.RequestUtil" %>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+ <head>
+  <title>404 Not found</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    <!--
+    BODY {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:black;background-color:white;font-size:12px;}
+    H1 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;}
+    PRE, TT {border: 1px dotted #525D76}
+    A {color : black;}A.name {color : black;}
+    -->
+  </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+   <h1>404 Not found</h1>
+   <p>
+    The page you tried to access
+    (<%=RequestUtil.filter((String) request.getAttribute(
+            "javax.servlet.error.request_uri"))%>)
+    does not exist.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    The Host Manager application has been re-structured for Tomcat 7 onwards and
+    some URLs have changed. All URLs used to access the Manager application
+    should now start with one of the following options:
+   </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><%=request.getContextPath()%>/html for the HTML GUI</li>
+      <li><%=request.getContextPath()%>/text for the text interface</li>
+    </ul>
+   <p>
+    Note that the URL for the text interface has changed from
+    &quot;<%=request.getContextPath()%>&quot; to
+    &quot;<%=request.getContextPath()%>/text&quot;.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    You probably need to adjust the URL you are using to access the Host Manager
+    application. However, there is always a chance you have found a bug in the
+    Host Manager application. If you are sure you have found a bug, and that the
+    bug has not already been reported, please report it to the Apache Tomcat
+    team.
+   </p>
+ </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/web.xml b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/web.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01716c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/web.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
+  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
+                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
+  version="3.0"
+  metadata-complete="true">
+
+  <display-name>Tomcat Host Manager Application</display-name>
+  <description>
+    A scriptable host management web application for the Tomcat Web Server;
+    Manager lets you view, create and remove virtual hosts.
+  </description>
+
+  <servlet>
+    <servlet-name>HostManager</servlet-name>
+    <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.manager.host.HostManagerServlet</servlet-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>debug</param-name>
+      <param-value>2</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </servlet>
+  <servlet>
+    <servlet-name>HTMLHostManager</servlet-name>
+    <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.manager.host.HTMLHostManagerServlet</servlet-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>debug</param-name>
+      <param-value>2</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </servlet>
+
+  <filter>
+    <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
+    <filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
+      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </filter>
+
+  <filter-mapping>
+    <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
+    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
+  </filter-mapping>
+
+  <filter>
+    <filter-name>CSRF</filter-name>
+    <filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.CsrfPreventionFilter</filter-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>entryPoints</param-name>
+      <param-value>/html,/html/,/html/list,/index.jsp</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </filter>
+
+  <filter-mapping>
+    <filter-name>CSRF</filter-name>
+    <servlet-name>HTMLHostManager</servlet-name>
+  </filter-mapping>
+
+  <!-- Define the Manager Servlet Mapping -->
+  <servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-name>HostManager</servlet-name>
+    <url-pattern>/text/*</url-pattern>
+  </servlet-mapping>
+  <servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-name>HTMLHostManager</servlet-name>
+    <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>
+  </servlet-mapping>
+
+  <!-- Define a Security Constraint on this Application -->
+  <security-constraint>
+    <web-resource-collection>
+      <web-resource-name>HostManager commands</web-resource-name>
+      <url-pattern>/text/*</url-pattern>
+    </web-resource-collection>
+    <auth-constraint>
+       <!-- NOTE:  This role is not present in the default users file -->
+       <role-name>admin-script</role-name>
+    </auth-constraint>
+  </security-constraint>
+  <security-constraint>
+    <web-resource-collection>
+      <web-resource-name>HTMLHostManager commands</web-resource-name>
+      <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>
+    </web-resource-collection>
+    <auth-constraint>
+       <!-- NOTE:  This role is not present in the default users file -->
+       <role-name>admin-gui</role-name>
+    </auth-constraint>
+  </security-constraint>
+
+  <!-- Define the Login Configuration for this Application -->
+  <login-config>
+    <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
+    <realm-name>Tomcat Host Manager Application</realm-name>
+  </login-config>
+
+  <!-- Security roles referenced by this web application -->
+  <security-role>
+    <description>
+      The role that is required to log in to the Host Manager Application HTML
+      interface
+    </description>
+    <role-name>admin-gui</role-name>
+  </security-role>
+  <security-role>
+    <description>
+      The role that is required to log in to the Host Manager Application text
+      interface
+    </description>
+    <role-name>admin-script</role-name>
+  </security-role>
+
+  <error-page>
+    <error-code>401</error-code>
+    <location>/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp</location>
+  </error-page>
+  <error-page>
+    <error-code>403</error-code>
+    <location>/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp</location>
+  </error-page>
+  <error-page>
+    <error-code>404</error-code>
+    <location>/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp</location>
+  </error-page>
+
+</web-app>
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/add.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/add.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0774d07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/add.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/asf-logo.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/asf-logo.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22eb9d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/asf-logo.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/code.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/code.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d27307b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/code.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/design.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/design.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5db0a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/design.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/docs.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/docs.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d64a4a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/docs.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/fix.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/fix.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d59ad64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/fix.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/tomcat.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/tomcat.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6175673
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/tomcat.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/update.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/update.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31e22ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/update.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/images/void.gif b/webapps/host-manager/images/void.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e565824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/images/void.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/index.jsp b/webapps/host-manager/index.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cf5cae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/index.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<% response.sendRedirect(response.encodeRedirectURL(request.getContextPath() +
+        "/html")); %>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/host-manager/manager.xml b/webapps/host-manager/manager.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b86a8c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/host-manager/manager.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!--
+
+    Context configuration file for the Tomcat Manager Web App
+
+    $Id: manager.xml 562814 2007-08-05 03:52:04Z markt $
+
+-->
+
+
+<Context docBase="${catalina.home}/webapps/manager"
+         privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false" antiJARLocking="false">
+
+</Context>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml b/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7afc3a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
+  <!--
+    Remove the comment markers from around the Valve below to limit access to
+    the manager application to clients connecting from localhost
+  -->
+  <!--
+  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
+         allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
+  -->
+</Context>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3f064c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+ <head>
+  <title>401 Unauthorized</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    <!--
+    BODY {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:black;background-color:white;font-size:12px;}
+    H1 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;}
+    PRE, TT {border: 1px dotted #525D76}
+    A {color : black;}A.name {color : black;}
+    -->
+  </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+   <h1>401 Unauthorized</h1>
+   <p>
+    You are not authorized to view this page. If you have not changed
+    any configuration files, please examine the file
+    <tt>conf/tomcat-users.xml</tt> in your installation. That
+    file must contain the credentials to let you use this webapp.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    For example, to add the <tt>manager-gui</tt> role to a user named
+    <tt>tomcat</tt> with a password of <tt>s3cret</tt>, add the following to the
+    config file listed above.
+   </p>
+<pre>
+&lt;role rolename="manager-gui"/&gt;
+&lt;user username="tomcat" password="s3cret" roles="manager-gui"/&gt;
+</pre>
+   <p>
+    Note that for Tomcat 7 onwards, the roles required to use the manager
+    application were changed from the single <tt>manager</tt> role to the
+    following four roles. You will need to assign the role(s) required for
+    the functionality you wish to access.
+   </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><tt>manager-gui</tt> - allows access to the HTML GUI and the status
+          pages</li>
+      <li><tt>manager-script</tt> - allows access to the text interface and the
+          status pages</li>
+      <li><tt>manager-jmx</tt> - allows access to the JMX proxy and the status
+          pages</li>
+      <li><tt>manager-status</tt> - allows access to the status pages only</li>
+    </ul>
+   <p>
+    The HTML interface is protected against CSRF but the text and JMX interfaces
+    are not. To maintain the CSRF protection:
+   </p>
+   <ul>
+    <li>Users with the <tt>manager-gui</tt> role should not be granted either
+        the <tt>manager-script</tt> or <tt>manager-jmx</tt> roles.</li>
+    <li>If the text or jmx interfaces are accessed through a browser (e.g. for
+        testing since these interfaces are intended for tools not humans) then
+        the browser must be closed afterwards to terminate the session.</li>
+   </ul>
+   <p>
+    For more information - please see the
+    <a href="/docs/manager-howto.html">Manager App HOW-TO</a>.
+   </p>
+ </body>
+
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33a6b00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+ <head>
+  <title>403 Access Denied</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    <!--
+    BODY {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:black;background-color:white;font-size:12px;}
+    H1 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;}
+    PRE, TT {border: 1px dotted #525D76}
+    A {color : black;}A.name {color : black;}
+    -->
+  </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+   <h1>403 Access Denied</h1>
+   <p>
+    You are not authorized to view this page.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    If you have already configured the Manager application to allow access and
+    you have used your browsers back button, used a saved book-mark or similar
+    then you may have triggered the cross-site request forgery (CSRF) protection
+    that has been enabled for the HTML interface of the Manager application. You
+    will need to reset this protection by returning to the
+    <a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/html">main Manager page</a>. Once you
+    return to this page, you will be able to continue using the Manager
+    appliction's HTML interface normally. If you continue to see this access
+    denied message, check that you have the necessary permissions to access this
+    application.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    If you have not changed
+    any configuration files, please examine the file
+    <tt>conf/tomcat-users.xml</tt> in your installation. That
+    file must contain the credentials to let you use this webapp.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    For example, to add the <tt>manager-gui</tt> role to a user named
+    <tt>tomcat</tt> with a password of <tt>s3cret</tt>, add the following to the
+    config file listed above.
+   </p>
+<pre>
+&lt;role rolename="manager-gui"/&gt;
+&lt;user username="tomcat" password="s3cret" roles="manager-gui"/&gt;
+</pre>
+   <p>
+    Note that for Tomcat 7 onwards, the roles required to use the manager
+    application were changed from the single <tt>manager</tt> role to the
+    following four roles. You will need to assign the role(s) required for
+    the functionality you wish to access.
+   </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><tt>manager-gui</tt> - allows access to the HTML GUI and the status
+          pages</li>
+      <li><tt>manager-script</tt> - allows access to the text interface and the
+          status pages</li>
+      <li><tt>manager-jmx</tt> - allows access to the JMX proxy and the status
+          pages</li>
+      <li><tt>manager-status</tt> - allows access to the status pages only</li>
+    </ul>
+   <p>
+    The HTML interface is protected against CSRF but the text and JMX interfaces
+    are not. To maintain the CSRF protection:
+   </p>
+   <ul>
+    <li>Users with the <tt>manager-gui</tt> role should not be granted either
+        the <tt>manager-script</tt> or <tt>manager-jmx</tt> roles.</li>
+    <li>If the text or jmx interfaces are accessed through a browser (e.g. for
+        testing since these interfaces are intended for tools not humans) then
+        the browser must be closed afterwards to terminate the session.</li>
+   </ul>
+   <p>
+    For more information - please see the
+    <a href="/docs/manager-howto.html">Manager App HOW-TO</a>.
+   </p>
+ </body>
+
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b8b0b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@ page import="org.apache.catalina.util.RequestUtil" %>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
+<html>
+ <head>
+  <title>404 Not found</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    <!--
+    BODY {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:black;background-color:white;font-size:12px;}
+    H1 {font-family:Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif;color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;}
+    PRE, TT {border: 1px dotted #525D76}
+    A {color : black;}A.name {color : black;}
+    -->
+  </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+   <h1>404 Not found</h1>
+   <p>
+    The page you tried to access
+    (<%=RequestUtil.filter((String) request.getAttribute(
+            "javax.servlet.error.request_uri"))%>)
+    does not exist.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    The Manager application has been re-structured for Tomcat 7 onwards and some
+    of URLs have changed. All URLs used to access the Manager application should
+    now start with one of the following options:
+   </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li><%=request.getContextPath()%>/html for the HTML GUI</li>
+      <li><%=request.getContextPath()%>/text for the text interface</li>
+      <li><%=request.getContextPath()%>/jmxproxy for the JMX proxy</li>
+      <li><%=request.getContextPath()%>/status for the status pages</li>
+    </ul>
+   <p>
+    Note that the URL for the text interface has changed from
+    &quot;<%=request.getContextPath()%>&quot; to
+    &quot;<%=request.getContextPath()%>/text&quot;.
+   </p>
+   <p>
+    You probably need to adjust the URL you are using to access the Manager
+    application. However, there is always a chance you have found a bug in the
+    Manager application. If you are sure you have found a bug, and that the bug
+    has not already been reported, please report it to the Apache Tomcat team.
+   </p>
+ </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/sessionDetail.jsp b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/sessionDetail.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2e404b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/sessionDetail.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@page session="false" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" %>
+<%@page import="java.util.Enumeration" %>
+<%@page import="javax.servlet.http.HttpSession" %>
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.Session" %>
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.manager.JspHelper" %>
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.util.ContextName" %>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<%--!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"--%>
+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
+<% String path = (String) request.getAttribute("path");
+   String version = (String) request.getAttribute("version");
+   ContextName cn = new ContextName(path, version);
+   Session currentSession = (Session)request.getAttribute("currentSession");
+   String currentSessionId = null;
+   HttpSession currentHttpSession = null;
+   if (currentSession != null) {
+       currentHttpSession = currentSession.getSession();
+       currentSessionId = JspHelper.escapeXml(currentSession.getId());
+   } else {
+       currentSessionId = "Session invalidated";
+   }
+   String submitUrl = JspHelper.escapeXml(response.encodeURL(
+           ((HttpServletRequest) pageContext.getRequest()).getRequestURI() +
+           "?path=" + path + "&version=" + version));
+%>
+<head>
+    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/>
+    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"/><!-- HTTP 1.0 -->
+    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache,must-revalidate"/><!-- HTTP 1.1 -->
+    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"/><!-- 0 is an invalid value and should be treated as 'now' -->
+    <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en"/>
+    <meta name="author" content="Cedrik LIME"/>
+    <meta name="copyright" content="copyright 2005-2013 the Apache Software Foundation"/>
+    <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,noarchive"/>
+    <title>Sessions Administration: details for <%= currentSessionId %></title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<% if (currentHttpSession == null) { %>
+   <h1><%=currentSessionId%></h1>
+<% } else { %>
+   <h1>Details for Session <%= currentSessionId %></h1>
+
+   <table style="text-align: left;" border="0">
+     <tr>
+       <th>Session Id</th>
+       <td><%= currentSessionId %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>Guessed Locale</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.guessDisplayLocaleFromSession(currentSession) %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>Guessed User</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.guessDisplayUserFromSession(currentSession) %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>Creation Time</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.getDisplayCreationTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>Last Accessed Time</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.getDisplayLastAccessedTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>Session Max Inactive Interval</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.secondsToTimeString(currentSession.getMaxInactiveInterval()) %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>Used Time</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.getDisplayUsedTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>Inactive Time</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.getDisplayInactiveTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+     </tr>
+     <tr>
+       <th>TTL</th>
+       <td><%= JspHelper.getDisplayTTLForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+     </tr>
+   </table>
+
+   <form method="post" action="<%= submitUrl %>">
+     <div>
+       <input type="hidden" name="sessionId" value="<%= currentSessionId %>" />
+       <input type="hidden" name="action" value="sessionDetail" />
+       <%
+       if ("Primary".equals(request.getParameter("sessionType"))) {
+       %>
+         <input type="hidden" name="sessionType" value="Primary" />
+       <%
+       }
+       %>    <input type="submit" value="Refresh" />
+     </div>
+   </form>
+
+   <div class="error"><%= JspHelper.escapeXml(request.getAttribute("error")) %></div>
+   <div class="message"><%= JspHelper.escapeXml(request.getAttribute("message")) %></div>
+
+   <table style="text-align: left;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
+   <% int nAttributes = 0;
+      Enumeration attributeNamesEnumeration = currentHttpSession.getAttributeNames();
+      while (attributeNamesEnumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
+          attributeNamesEnumeration.nextElement();
+          ++nAttributes;
+      }
+   %>
+       <caption style="font-variant: small-caps;"><%= JspHelper.formatNumber(nAttributes) %> attributes</caption>
+       <thead>
+           <tr>
+               <th>Remove Attribute</th>
+               <th>Attribute name</th>
+               <th>Attribute value</th>
+           </tr>
+       </thead>
+       <%--tfoot>
+           <tr>
+               <td colspan="3" style="text-align: center;">
+                   TODO: set Max Inactive Interval on sessions
+               </td>
+           </tr>
+       </tfoot--%>
+       <tbody>
+   <% attributeNamesEnumeration = currentHttpSession.getAttributeNames();
+      while (attributeNamesEnumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
+          String attributeName = (String) attributeNamesEnumeration.nextElement();
+   %>
+           <tr>
+               <td align="center">
+                   <form method="post" action="<%= submitUrl %>">
+                       <div>
+                           <input type="hidden" name="action" value="removeSessionAttribute" />
+                           <input type="hidden" name="sessionId" value="<%= currentSessionId %>" />
+                           <input type="hidden" name="attributeName" value="<%= JspHelper.escapeXml(attributeName) %>" />
+                           <%
+                             if ("Primary".equals(request.getParameter("sessionType"))) {
+                           %>
+                             <input type="submit" value="Remove" />
+                             <input type="hidden" name="sessionType" value="Primary" />
+                           <%
+                             } else {
+                               out.print("Primary sessions only");
+                             }
+                           %>
+                       </div>
+                   </form>
+               </td>
+               <td><%= JspHelper.escapeXml(attributeName) %></td>
+               <td><% Object attributeValue = currentHttpSession.getAttribute(attributeName); %><span title="<%= attributeValue == null ? "" : attributeValue.getClass().toString() %>"><%= JspHelper.escapeXml(attributeValue) %></span></td>
+           </tr>
+   <% } // end while %>
+       </tbody>
+   </table>
+<% } // endif%>
+
+<form method="post" action="<%=submitUrl%>">
+  <p style="text-align: center;">
+    <input type="submit" value="Return to session list" />
+  </p>
+</form>
+
+<%--div style="display: none;">
+<p>
+    <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer"><img
+        src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401"
+        alt="Valid HTML 4.01!" height="31" width="88"></a>
+    <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer"><img
+        src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10"
+        alt="Valid XHTML 1.0!" height="31" width="88" /></a>
+    <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer"><img
+        src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml11"
+        alt="Valid XHTML 1.1!" height="31" width="88" /></a>
+</p>
+</div--%>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/sessionsList.jsp b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/sessionsList.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93505c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/sessionsList.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<%--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<%@page session="false" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" %>
+<%@page import="java.util.Collection" %>
+<%@page import="java.util.Iterator" %>
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.manager.JspHelper" %>
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.Session" %>
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaSession" %>
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.util.ContextName" %>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+
+
+<%@page import="org.apache.catalina.manager.DummyProxySession"%><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
+<% String path = (String) request.getAttribute("path");
+   String version = (String) request.getAttribute("version");
+   ContextName cn = new ContextName(path, version);
+   String submitUrl = JspHelper.escapeXml(response.encodeURL(
+           ((HttpServletRequest) pageContext.getRequest()).getRequestURI() +
+           "?path=" + path + "&version=" + version));
+   Collection activeSessions = (Collection) request.getAttribute("activeSessions");
+%>
+<head>
+    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/>
+    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"/><!-- HTTP 1.0 -->
+    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache,must-revalidate"/><!-- HTTP 1.1 -->
+    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"/><!-- 0 is an invalid value and should be treated as 'now' -->
+    <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en"/>
+    <meta name="author" content="Cedrik LIME"/>
+    <meta name="copyright" content="copyright 2005-2013 the Apache Software Foundation"/>
+    <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,noarchive"/>
+    <title>Sessions Administration for <%= JspHelper.escapeXml(cn.getDisplayName()) %></title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Sessions Administration for <%= JspHelper.escapeXml(cn.getDisplayName()) %></h1>
+
+<p>Tips:</p>
+<ul>
+    <li>Click on a column to sort.</li>
+    <li>To view a session details and/or remove a session attributes, click on its id.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<div class="error"><%= JspHelper.escapeXml(request.getAttribute("error")) %></div>
+<div class="message"><%= JspHelper.escapeXml(request.getAttribute("message")) %></div>
+
+<form action="<%= submitUrl %>" method="post" id="sessionsForm">
+    <fieldset><legend>Active HttpSessions informations</legend>
+        <input type="hidden" name="action" id="sessionsFormAction" value="injectSessions"/>
+        <input type="hidden" name="sort" id="sessionsFormSort" value="<%= JspHelper.escapeXml(request.getAttribute("sort")) %>"/>
+        <% String order = (String) request.getAttribute("order");
+           if (order == null || "".equals(order)) {
+               order = "ASC";
+           }
+        %>
+        <input type="hidden" name="order" id="sessionsFormSortOrder" value="<%= JspHelper.escapeXml(order) %>"/>
+        <input type="submit" name="refresh" id="refreshButton" value="Refresh Sessions list" onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormAction').value='refreshSessions'; return true;"/>
+        <%= JspHelper.formatNumber(activeSessions.size()) %> active Sessions<br/>
+        <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%">
+            <thead>
+                <tr>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='id'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Session Id</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='id'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Type</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='locale'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Guessed Locale</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='user'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Guessed User name</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='CreationTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Creation Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='LastAccessedTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Last Accessed Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='UsedTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Used Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='InactiveTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Inactive Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='TTL'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;"><span title="Time To Live">TTL</span></a></th>
+                </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <% if (activeSessions.size() > 10) { %>
+            <tfoot><%-- <tfoot> is the same as <thead> --%>
+                <tr>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='id'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Session Id</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='id'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Type</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='locale'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Guessed Locale</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='user'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Guessed User name</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='CreationTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Creation Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='LastAccessedTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Last Accessed Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='UsedTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Used Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='InactiveTime'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;">Inactive Time</a></th>
+                    <th><a onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormSort').value='TTL'; document.getElementById('refreshButton').click(); return true;"><span title="Time To Live">TTL</span></a></th>
+                </tr>
+            </tfoot>
+            <% } // end if %>
+            <tbody>
+<% Iterator iter = activeSessions.iterator();
+   while (iter.hasNext()) {
+       Session currentSession = (Session) iter.next();
+       String currentSessionId = JspHelper.escapeXml(currentSession.getId());
+       String type;
+       if (currentSession instanceof DeltaSession) {
+           if (((DeltaSession) currentSession).isPrimarySession()) {
+               type = "Primary";
+           } else {
+               type = "Backup";
+           }
+       } else if (currentSession instanceof DummyProxySession) {
+           type = "Proxy";
+       } else {
+           type = "Primary";
+       }
+%>
+                <tr>
+                    <td><input type="checkbox" name="sessionIds" value="<%= currentSessionId %>" />
+                      <%
+                        if ("Proxy".equals(type)) {
+                            out.print(currentSessionId);
+                        } else {
+                      %>
+                      <a href="<%= submitUrl %>&amp;action=sessionDetail&amp;sessionId=<%= currentSessionId %>&amp;sessionType=<%= type %>"><%= currentSessionId %></a>
+                      <%
+                        }
+                      %>
+                    </td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= type %></td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= JspHelper.guessDisplayLocaleFromSession(currentSession) %></td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= JspHelper.guessDisplayUserFromSession(currentSession) %></td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= JspHelper.getDisplayCreationTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= JspHelper.getDisplayLastAccessedTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= JspHelper.getDisplayUsedTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= JspHelper.getDisplayInactiveTimeForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+                    <td style="text-align: center;"><%= JspHelper.getDisplayTTLForSession(currentSession) %></td>
+                </tr>
+<% } // end while %>
+            </tbody>
+        </table>
+        <p style="text-align: center;">
+            <input type="submit" name="invalidate" value="Invalidate selected Sessions" onclick="document.getElementById('sessionsFormAction').value='invalidateSessions'; return true;"/>
+        </p>
+    </fieldset>
+</form>
+
+<form method="get" action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/html">
+  <p style="text-align: center;">
+    <input type="submit" value="Return to main page" />
+  </p>
+</form>
+
+<%--div style="display: none;">
+<p>
+    <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer"><img
+        src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401"
+        alt="Valid HTML 4.01!" height="31" width="88"></a>
+    <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer"><img
+        src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10"
+        alt="Valid XHTML 1.0!" height="31" width="88" /></a>
+    <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer"><img
+        src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml11"
+        alt="Valid XHTML 1.1!" height="31" width="88" /></a>
+</p>
+</div--%>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/web.xml b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/web.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..920a7a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/web.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
+  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
+                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
+  version="3.0"
+  metadata-complete="true">
+
+  <display-name>Tomcat Manager Application</display-name>
+  <description>
+    A scriptable management web application for the Tomcat Web Server;
+    Manager lets you view, load/unload/etc particular web applications.
+  </description>
+
+  <servlet>
+    <servlet-name>Manager</servlet-name>
+    <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet</servlet-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>debug</param-name>
+      <param-value>2</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </servlet>
+  <servlet>
+    <servlet-name>HTMLManager</servlet-name>
+    <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet</servlet-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>debug</param-name>
+      <param-value>2</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+    <!-- Uncomment this to show proxy sessions from the Backup manager or a
+         StoreManager in the sessions list for an application
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>showProxySessions</param-name>
+      <param-value>true</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+    -->
+    <multipart-config>
+      <!-- 50MB max -->
+      <max-file-size>52428800</max-file-size>
+      <max-request-size>52428800</max-request-size>
+      <file-size-threshold>0</file-size-threshold>
+    </multipart-config>
+  </servlet>
+  <servlet>
+    <servlet-name>Status</servlet-name>
+    <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.manager.StatusManagerServlet</servlet-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>debug</param-name>
+      <param-value>0</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </servlet>
+
+  <servlet>
+    <servlet-name>JMXProxy</servlet-name>
+    <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.manager.JMXProxyServlet</servlet-class>
+  </servlet>
+
+  <!-- Define the Manager Servlet Mapping -->
+  <servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-name>Manager</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/text/*</url-pattern>
+  </servlet-mapping>
+  <servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-name>Status</servlet-name>
+    <url-pattern>/status/*</url-pattern>
+  </servlet-mapping>
+  <servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-name>JMXProxy</servlet-name>
+      <url-pattern>/jmxproxy/*</url-pattern>
+  </servlet-mapping>
+  <servlet-mapping>
+    <servlet-name>HTMLManager</servlet-name>
+    <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>
+  </servlet-mapping>
+
+  <filter>
+    <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
+    <filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
+      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </filter>
+
+  <filter-mapping>
+    <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
+    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
+  </filter-mapping>
+
+  <filter>
+    <filter-name>CSRF</filter-name>
+    <filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.CsrfPreventionFilter</filter-class>
+    <init-param>
+      <param-name>entryPoints</param-name>
+      <param-value>/html,/html/,/html/list,/index.jsp</param-value>
+    </init-param>
+  </filter>
+
+  <filter-mapping>
+    <filter-name>CSRF</filter-name>
+    <servlet-name>HTMLManager</servlet-name>
+    <servlet-name>jsp</servlet-name>
+  </filter-mapping>
+
+  <!-- Define a Security Constraint on this Application -->
+  <!-- NOTE:  None of these roles are present in the default users file -->
+  <security-constraint>
+    <web-resource-collection>
+      <web-resource-name>HTML Manager interface (for humans)</web-resource-name>
+      <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>
+    </web-resource-collection>
+    <auth-constraint>
+       <role-name>manager-gui</role-name>
+    </auth-constraint>
+  </security-constraint>
+  <security-constraint>
+    <web-resource-collection>
+      <web-resource-name>Text Manager interface (for scripts)</web-resource-name>
+      <url-pattern>/text/*</url-pattern>
+    </web-resource-collection>
+    <auth-constraint>
+       <role-name>manager-script</role-name>
+    </auth-constraint>
+  </security-constraint>
+  <security-constraint>
+    <web-resource-collection>
+      <web-resource-name>JMX Proxy interface</web-resource-name>
+      <url-pattern>/jmxproxy/*</url-pattern>
+    </web-resource-collection>
+    <auth-constraint>
+       <role-name>manager-jmx</role-name>
+    </auth-constraint>
+  </security-constraint>
+  <security-constraint>
+    <web-resource-collection>
+      <web-resource-name>Status interface</web-resource-name>
+      <url-pattern>/status/*</url-pattern>
+    </web-resource-collection>
+    <auth-constraint>
+       <role-name>manager-gui</role-name>
+       <role-name>manager-script</role-name>
+       <role-name>manager-jmx</role-name>
+       <role-name>manager-status</role-name>
+    </auth-constraint>
+  </security-constraint>
+
+  <!-- Define the Login Configuration for this Application -->
+  <login-config>
+    <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
+    <realm-name>Tomcat Manager Application</realm-name>
+  </login-config>
+
+  <!-- Security roles referenced by this web application -->
+  <security-role>
+    <description>
+      The role that is required to access the HTML Manager pages
+    </description>
+    <role-name>manager-gui</role-name>
+  </security-role>
+  <security-role>
+    <description>
+      The role that is required to access the text Manager pages
+    </description>
+    <role-name>manager-script</role-name>
+  </security-role>
+  <security-role>
+    <description>
+      The role that is required to access the HTML JMX Proxy
+    </description>
+    <role-name>manager-jmx</role-name>
+  </security-role>
+  <security-role>
+    <description>
+      The role that is required to access to the Manager Status pages
+    </description>
+    <role-name>manager-status</role-name>
+  </security-role>
+
+  <error-page>
+    <error-code>401</error-code>
+    <location>/WEB-INF/jsp/401.jsp</location>
+  </error-page>
+  <error-page>
+    <error-code>403</error-code>
+    <location>/WEB-INF/jsp/403.jsp</location>
+  </error-page>
+  <error-page>
+    <error-code>404</error-code>
+    <location>/WEB-INF/jsp/404.jsp</location>
+  </error-page>
+
+</web-app>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/add.gif b/webapps/manager/images/add.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0774d07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/add.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/asf-logo.gif b/webapps/manager/images/asf-logo.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22eb9d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/asf-logo.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/code.gif b/webapps/manager/images/code.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d27307b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/code.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/design.gif b/webapps/manager/images/design.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5db0a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/design.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/docs.gif b/webapps/manager/images/docs.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d64a4a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/docs.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/fix.gif b/webapps/manager/images/fix.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d59ad64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/fix.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/tomcat.gif b/webapps/manager/images/tomcat.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2aa6f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/tomcat.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/update.gif b/webapps/manager/images/update.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31e22ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/update.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/images/void.gif b/webapps/manager/images/void.gif
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e565824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/images/void.gif
Binary files differ
diff --git a/webapps/manager/index.jsp b/webapps/manager/index.jsp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cf5cae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/index.jsp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<%--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+--%>
+<% response.sendRedirect(response.encodeRedirectURL(request.getContextPath() +
+        "/html")); %>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/webapps/manager/status.xsd b/webapps/manager/status.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5322fd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/status.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified">
+    <xs:element name="status">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="jvm" type="jvm"/>
+                <xs:element name="connector" type="connector" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="connector">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="threadInfo" type="threadInfo"/>
+            <xs:element name="requestInfo" type="requestInfo"/>
+            <xs:element name="workers" type="workers"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="jvm">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="memory" type="memory"/>
+            <xs:element name="memorypool" type="memorypool" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="memory">
+        <xs:attribute name="free" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="total" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="max" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="memorypool">
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="usageInit" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="usageCommitted" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="usageMax" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="usageUsed" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="requestInfo">
+        <xs:attribute name="maxTime" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="processingTime" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="requestCount" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="errorCount" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="bytesReceived" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="bytesSent" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="threadInfo">
+        <xs:attribute name="maxThreads" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="currentThreadCount" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="currentThreadsBusy" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="worker">
+        <xs:attribute name="stage" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="requestProcessingTime" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="requestBytesSent" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="requestBytesReceived" type="xs:long" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="remoteAddr" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="virtualHost" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="method" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="currentUri" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="currentQueryString" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="protocol" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="workers">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="worker" type="worker" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/webapps/manager/xform.xsl b/webapps/manager/xform.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61947f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webapps/manager/xform.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+  version="1.0">
+
+  <!-- Output method -->
+  <xsl:output encoding="iso-8859-1"
+              indent="no"/>
+
+  <xsl:template match="status">
+    <html>
+    <head>
+        <TITLE>Tomcat Status</TITLE>
+        <STYLE type="text/css">
+            body, table, tr, td, a, div, span {
+                vertical-align : top;
+            }
+        </STYLE>
+    </head>
+    <body>
+      <div style='font-size:20px;'>Tomcat Status</div>
+
+      <xsl:apply-templates select="jvm"/>
+      <xsl:apply-templates select="connector"/>
+     </body>
+    </html>
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="jvm">
+   <xsl:apply-templates select="memory"/>
+   <b>Memory Pools</b><br />
+   <xsl:apply-templates select="memorypool"/>
+   <hr />
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="memory">
+    <table><tr>
+             <td><b>JVM:</b></td>
+             <td><b>free:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@free"/></td>
+             <td><b>total:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@total"/></td>
+             <td><b>max:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@max"/></td>
+           </tr>
+    </table><hr />
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="memorypool">
+    <table><tr>
+             <td><b>Name:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@name"/></td>
+             <td><b>Type:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@type"/></td>
+             <td><b>Initial:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@usageInit"/></td>
+             <td><b>Committed:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@usageCommitted"/></td>
+             <td><b>Maximum:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@usageMax"/></td>
+             <td><b>Used:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@usageUsed"/></td>
+           </tr>
+    </table>
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="connector">
+     <b>Connector -- </b> <xsl:value-of select="@name"/><br />
+
+      <xsl:apply-templates select="threadInfo"/>
+      <xsl:apply-templates select="requestInfo"/>
+      <xsl:apply-templates select="workers"/>
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="threadInfo">
+    <table><tr>
+             <td><b>threadInfo</b></td>
+             <td><b>maxThreads:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@maxThreads"/></td>
+             <td><b>currentThreadCount:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@currentThreadCount"/></td>
+             <td><b>currentThreadsBusy:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@currentThreadsBusy"/></td>
+           </tr>
+    </table><hr />
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="requestInfo">
+    <table><tr>
+             <td><b>requestInfo </b></td>
+             <td><b>maxTime:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@maxTime"/></td>
+             <td><b>processingTime:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@processingTime"/></td>
+             <td><b>requestCount:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@requestCount"/></td>
+             <td><b>errorCount:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@errorCount"/></td>
+             <td><b>bytesReceived:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@bytesReceived"/></td>
+             <td><b>bytesSent:</b> <xsl:value-of select="@bytesSent"/></td>
+           </tr>
+    </table><hr />
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="workers">
+   <table>
+    <tr><th>Stage</th><th>Time</th><th>B Sent</th><th>B Recv</th><th>Client</th><th>VHost</th><th>Request</th></tr>
+      <xsl:apply-templates select="worker"/>
+
+   </table><hr />
+  </xsl:template>
+
+  <xsl:template match="worker">
+   <tr>
+    <td><xsl:value-of select="@stage"/></td>
+    <td><xsl:value-of select="@requestProcessingTime"/></td>
+    <td><xsl:value-of select="@requestBytesSent"/></td>
+    <td><xsl:value-of select="@requestBytesReceived"/></td>
+    <td><xsl:value-of select="@remoteAddr"/></td>
+    <td><xsl:value-of select="@virtualHost"/></td>
+    <td><xsl:value-of select="@method"/> <xsl:value-of select="@currentUri"/>?<xsl:value-of select="@currentQueryString"/> <xsl:value-of select="@protocol"/></td>
+   </tr>
+  </xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>