| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 1 | <html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.77) - Proxy Support HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Craig R. McClanahan"><style type="text/css" media="print">
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| 79 | </style></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#525D76" alink="#525D76" vlink="#525D76"><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt="
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 80 | The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 81 | " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.77, Mar 28 2017</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.svg" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0" style="width: 266px;height: 83px;"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User Guide</strong></p><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">6) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">7) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">8) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">9) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">10) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">11) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">12) SSL/TLS</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">13) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">14) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">15) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptors-howto.html">16) MBeans Descriptors</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">17) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">18) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">19) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">20) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">21) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">22) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">23) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">24) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">25) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">26) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">27) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">28) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">29) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">30) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">31) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">32) WebSocket</a></li></ul><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 2.2 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="websocketapi/index.html">WebSocket 1.1 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul><p><strong>Apache Tomcat Development</strong></p><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Proxy Support HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 82 | <ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Apache_1.3_Proxy_Support">Apache 1.3 Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="#Apache_2.0_Proxy_Support">Apache 2.0 Proxy Support</a></li></ul>
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| 83 | </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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| 84 |
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| 85 | <p>Using standard configurations of Tomcat, web applications can ask for
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| 86 | the server name and port number to which the request was directed for
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| 87 | processing. When Tomcat is running standalone with the
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| 88 | <a href="config/http.html">HTTP/1.1 Connector</a>, it will generally
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| 89 | report the server name specified in the request, and the port number on
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| 90 | which the <strong>Connector</strong> is listening. The servlet API
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| 91 | calls of interest, for this purpose, are:</p>
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| 92 | <ul>
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| 93 | <li><code>ServletRequest.getServerName()</code>: Returns the host name of the server to which the request was sent.</li>
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 94 | <li><code>ServletRequest.getServerPort()</code>: Returns the port number of the server to which the request was sent.</li>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 95 | <li><code>ServletRequest.getLocalName()</code>: Returns the host name of the Internet Protocol (IP) interface on which the request was received.</li>
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| 96 | <li><code>ServletRequest.getLocalPort()</code>: Returns the Internet Protocol (IP) port number of the interface on which the request was received.</li>
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| 97 | </ul>
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| 98 |
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| 99 | <p>When you are running behind a proxy server (or a web server that is
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| 100 | configured to behave like a proxy server), you will sometimes prefer to
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| 101 | manage the values returned by these calls. In particular, you will
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| 102 | generally want the port number to reflect that specified in the original
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| 103 | request, not the one on which the <strong>Connector</strong> itself is
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| 104 | listening. You can use the <code>proxyName</code> and <code>proxyPort</code>
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| 105 | attributes on the <code><Connector></code> element to configure
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| 106 | these values.</p>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <p>Proxy support can take many forms. The following sections describe
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| 109 | proxy configurations for several common cases.</p>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Apache 1.3 Proxy Support"><!--()--></a><a name="Apache_1.3_Proxy_Support"><strong>Apache 1.3 Proxy Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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| 112 |
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| 113 | <p>Apache 1.3 supports an optional module (<code>mod_proxy</code>) that
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| 114 | configures the web server to act as a proxy server. This can be used to
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 115 | forward requests for a particular web application to a Tomcat instance,
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 116 | without having to configure a web connector such as <code>mod_jk</code>.
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| 117 | To accomplish this, you need to perform the following tasks:</p>
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| 118 | <ol>
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| 119 | <li>Configure your copy of Apache so that it includes the
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| 120 | <code>mod_proxy</code> module. If you are building from source,
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| 121 | the easiest way to do this is to include the
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| 122 | <code>--enable-module=proxy</code> directive on the
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| 123 | <code>./configure</code> command line.</li>
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| 124 | <li>If not already added for you, make sure that you are loading the
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| 125 | <code>mod_proxy</code> module at Apache startup time, by using the
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| 126 | following directives in your <code>httpd.conf</code> file:
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 127 | <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 128 | LoadModule proxy_module {path-to-modules}/mod_proxy.so
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| 129 | AddModule mod_proxy.c
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 130 | </code></pre></div></li>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 131 | <li>Include two directives in your <code>httpd.conf</code> file for
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 132 | each web application that you wish to forward to Tomcat. For
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 133 | example, to forward an application at context path <code>/myapp</code>:
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 134 | <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 135 | ProxyPass /myapp http://localhost:8081/myapp
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| 136 | ProxyPassReverse /myapp http://localhost:8081/myapp
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 137 | </code></pre></div>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 138 | which tells Apache to forward URLs of the form
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 139 | <code>http://localhost/myapp/*</code> to the Tomcat connector
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 140 | listening on port 8081.</li>
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 141 | <li>Configure your copy of Tomcat to include a special
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 142 | <code><Connector></code> element, with appropriate
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| 143 | proxy settings, for example:
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 144 | <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 145 | <Connector port="8081" ...
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| 146 | proxyName="www.mycompany.com"
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| 147 | proxyPort="80"/>
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 148 | </code></pre></div>
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 149 | which will cause servlets inside this web application to think that
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| 150 | all proxied requests were directed to <code>www.mycompany.com</code>
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| 151 | on port 80.</li>
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| 152 | <li>It is legal to omit the <code>proxyName</code> attribute from the
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| 153 | <code><Connector></code> element. If you do so, the value
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| 154 | returned by <code>request.getServerName()</code> will by the host
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| 155 | name on which Tomcat is running. In the example above, it would be
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| 156 | <code>localhost</code>.</li>
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| 157 | <li>If you also have a <code><Connector></code> listening on port
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| 158 | 8080 (nested within the same <a href="config/service.html">Service</a>
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| 159 | element), the requests to either port will share the same set of
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| 160 | virtual hosts and web applications.</li>
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| 161 | <li>You might wish to use the IP filtering features of your operating
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| 162 | system to restrict connections to port 8081 (in this example) to
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| 163 | be allowed <strong>only</strong> from the server that is running
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| 164 | Apache.</li>
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| 165 | <li>Alternatively, you can set up a series of web applications that are
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| 166 | only available via proxying, as follows:
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| 167 | <ul>
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| 168 | <li>Configure another <code><Service></code> that contains
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| 169 | only a <code><Connector></code> for the proxy port.</li>
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| 170 | <li>Configure appropriate <a href="config/engine.html">Engine</a>,
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| 171 | <a href="config/host.html">Host</a>, and
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| 172 | <a href="config/context.html">Context</a> elements for the virtual hosts
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| 173 | and web applications accessible via proxying.</li>
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| 174 | <li>Optionally, protect port 8081 with IP filters as described
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| 175 | earlier.</li>
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| 176 | </ul></li>
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| 177 | <li>When requests are proxied by Apache, the web server will be recording
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| 178 | these requests in its access log. Therefore, you will generally want to
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| 179 | disable any access logging performed by Tomcat itself.</li>
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| 180 | </ol>
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| 181 |
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| 182 | <p>When requests are proxied in this manner, <strong>all</strong> requests
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| 183 | for the configured web applications will be processed by Tomcat (including
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| 184 | requests for static content). You can improve performance by using the
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 185 | <code>mod_jk</code> web connector instead of <code>mod_proxy</code>.
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 186 | <code>mod_jk</code> can be configured so that the web server serves static
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| 187 | content that is not processed by filters or security constraints defined
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| 188 | within the web application's deployment descriptor
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| 189 | (<code>/WEB-INF/web.xml</code>).</p>
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| 190 |
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| 191 | </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Apache 2.0 Proxy Support"><!--()--></a><a name="Apache_2.0_Proxy_Support"><strong>Apache 2.0 Proxy Support</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
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| 192 | The same instructions hold true as for 1.3. (Except in Apache 2.0,
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| 193 | you may omit <code>AddModule mod_proxy.c</code>)
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| 刘洪青 | 6266f99 | 2017-05-15 21:21:03 +0800 | [diff] [blame^] | 194 | </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="noPrint"><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"></td><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="comments_section" id="comments_section"><strong>Comments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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| 195 | on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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| 196 | If you have trouble and need help, read
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| 197 | <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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| 198 | and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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| 199 | <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">mailing list</a>.
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| 200 | Do not ask such questions here. This is not a Q&A section.<br><br>
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| 201 | The Apache Comments System is explained <a href="./comments.html">here</a>.
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| 202 | Comments may be removed by our moderators if they are either
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| 203 | implemented or considered invalid/off-topic.</p><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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| 220 | Copyright © 1999-2017, Apache Software Foundation
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| Hongqing Liu | fd5ee81 | 2014-05-10 16:32:51 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 221 | </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html> |